第一篇：2012高考英語作文常用短語100句

2012高考英語作文常用短語100句

1．經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展 the rapid development of economy

2．人民生活水平的顯著提高/ 穩(wěn)步增長the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard

3．先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù) advanced science and technology

4．面臨新的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn) be faced with new opportunities and challenges

5．人們普遍認(rèn)為 It is commonly believed/ recognized that?

6．社會發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果 the inevitable result of social development

7．引起了廣泛的公眾關(guān)注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention

8．不可否認(rèn) It is undeniable that?/ There is no denying that?

9．熱烈的討論/ 爭論 a heated discussion/ debate

10.有爭議性的問題 a controversial issue

11．完全不同的觀點(diǎn) a totally different argument

12．一些人 ?而另外一些人 ? Some people? while others?

13.就我而言/ 就個(gè)人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,14．就?達(dá)到絕對的一致 reach an absolute consensus on?

15．有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons

16．雙方的論點(diǎn) argument on both sides

17．發(fā)揮著日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in?

18．對?必不可少 be indispensable to ?

19．正如諺語所說 As the proverb goes:

20．?也不例外 ?be no exception

21．對?產(chǎn)生有利/不利的影響 exert positive/ negative effects on?

22．利遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.23．導(dǎo)致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in

24．復(fù)雜的社會現(xiàn)象 a complicated social phenomenon

25．責(zé)任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement

26.競爭與合作精神 sense of2012高考英語作文常用短語100句

1．經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展 the rapid development of economy

2．人民生活水平的顯著提高/ 穩(wěn)步增長the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard

3．先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù) advanced science and technology

4．面臨新的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn) be faced with new opportunities and challenges

5．人們普遍認(rèn)為 It is commonly believed/ recognized that?

6．社會發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果 the inevitable result of social development

7．引起了廣泛的公眾關(guān)注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention

8．不可否認(rèn) It is undeniable that?/ There is no denying that?

9．熱烈的討論/ 爭論 a heated discussion/ debate

10.有爭議性的問題 a controversial issue

11．完全不同的觀點(diǎn) a totally different argument

12．一些人 ?而另外一些人 ? Some people? while others?

13.就我而言/ 就個(gè)人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,14．就?達(dá)到絕對的一致 reach an absolute consensus on?

15．有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons

16．雙方的論點(diǎn) argument on both sides

17．發(fā)揮著日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in?

18．對?必不可少 be indispensable to ?

19．正如諺語所說 As the proverb goes:

20．?也不例外 ?be no exception

21．對?產(chǎn)生有利/不利的影響 exert positive/ negative effects on?

22．利遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.23．導(dǎo)致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in

24．復(fù)雜的社會現(xiàn)象 a complicated social phenomenon

25．責(zé)任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement

26.競爭與合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation

27.開闊眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision

28．學(xué)習(xí)知識和技能 acquire knowledge and skills

29．經(jīng)濟(jì)/心理負(fù)擔(dān) financial burden / psychological burden

30．考慮到諸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration

31.從另一個(gè)角度 from another perspective

32．做出共同努力 make joint efforts

33.對?有益 be beneficial / conducive to?

34．為社會做貢獻(xiàn) make contributions to the society

35．打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ) lay a solid foundation for?

36．綜合素質(zhì) comprehensive quality

37．無可非議 blameless / beyond reproach

38.加大了?的可能性 increase the chances of

39．致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to?

40.應(yīng)當(dāng)承認(rèn) Admittedly,41．不可推卸的義務(wù) unshakable duty

42.滿足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of?

43．可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information

44．寶貴的自然資源 valuable natural resources

45．因特網(wǎng) the Internet（一定要由冠詞，字母I 大寫）

46．方便快捷 convenient and efficient

in all aspects of human life

48．環(huán)保（的）environmental protection / environmentally friendly

49．社會進(jìn)步的體現(xiàn) a symbol of society progress

50．科技的飛速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology

51．對這一問題持有不同態(tài)度 hold different attitudes51．對這一問題持有不同態(tài)度 hold different attitudes towards this issue

52．支持前/后種觀點(diǎn)的人 people / those in favor of the former/ latteropinion

53．有/ 提供如下理由/ 證據(jù) have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence

54．在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way

55.理論和實(shí)踐相結(jié)合 integrate theory with practice

56.?必然趨勢 an irresistible trend of?

57．日益激烈的社會競爭 the increasingly fierce social competition

58．眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest

59．長遠(yuǎn)利益.interest in the long run

60．?有其自身的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) ? has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages

61．揚(yáng)長避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones

62．取其精髓，去其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs.63．對?有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to

64．交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information

65．跟上?的最新發(fā)展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with

the latest development of ?

66．采取有效措施來? take effective measures to do sth.67．?的健康發(fā)展 the healthy development of ?

68．有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides.No garden without weeds.69．對?觀點(diǎn)因人而異 Views on ?vary from person to person.70．重視 attach great importance to?

71．社會地位 social status

72．把時(shí)間和精力72．把時(shí)間和精力放在?上 focus time and energy on?

73．?dāng)U大知識面 expand one’s scope of knowledge

74．身心兩方面 both physically and mentally

75．有直接/間接關(guān)系 be directly / indirectly related to?

76.提出折中提議 set forth a compromise proposal

77.可以取代 “think”的詞 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that

78．緩解壓力/ 減輕負(fù)擔(dān) relieve stress/ burden

79．優(yōu)先考慮/發(fā)展? give(top)priority to sth.80．與?比較 compared with?/ in comparison with

81.相反 in contrast / on the contrary.82．代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of

83．經(jīng)不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water

84．提供就業(yè)機(jī)會 offer job opportunities

85.社會進(jìn)步的反映 mirror of social progress

86．毫無疑問 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that?

87．增進(jìn)相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding

88．充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of

89．承受更大的工作壓力 suffer from heavier work pressure

90．保障社會的穩(wěn)定和繁榮 guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society

91．更多地強(qiáng)調(diào) put more emphasis on?

92．適應(yīng)社會發(fā)展 adapt oneself to the development of society

93．實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想 realize one’s dream/ make one’s dream come true

94.主要理由列舉如下 The main reasons are listed as follows:

95.95.首先 First，F(xiàn)irstly，In the first place, To begin with

96．其次 Second, Secondly, In the second place

97.再次 Besides，In addition, Additionally, Moreover, Furthermore

98.最后 Finally, Last but not the least, Above all, Lastly,99.總而言之 All in all, To sum up, In summary, In a word,100．我們還有很長的路要走 We still have a long way to go．在人類生活的方方面面

2012高考英語作文常用短語100句

第二篇：2013高考英語作文必備短語

一些a range of;a variety of;a series of;an array of

無數(shù)innumerable;countless

許多plenty of;many;much;a great deal of;a lot of;ample

非常多(大)的tremendous

依序列舉list in sequence

時(shí)間詞

過時(shí)的outdated;antiquated;outmoded;obsolete;anachronistic短暫的ephemeral;transitory;transient;short-lived

不合時(shí)宜的anachronism

可持久的durable;able to stand wear;last a long time

一再time after time;again and again

初始的preliminary

前述的aforementioned;aforesaid;former

自古到今from ancient times to the present day;down through the ages年輕人young people;youngster;youth;young adult

老式的old-fashioned;out of date;dated

偶爾from time to time;now and then;once in a while;at times時(shí)常often;frequently;repeatedly

永遠(yuǎn)的eternal;perpetual;lasting throughout life

重整辦事優(yōu)先順序reshape priorities

目前so far;by far

一次就可完成的事one-time event

正/反意見(opinion)

罵yell at;reprimand;chide;scold;reprove

支持support;endorse;back up;uphold

譴責(zé)condemn;express strong disapproval of

錯(cuò)的mistaken;erroneous;wrong incorrect

錯(cuò)事wrongdoing;had acts;misbehavior

做相反的do the reverse of;do the opposite

歸咎blame…on;put the blame on …;…is to blame

瓦解disintegrate;break up;separate into small parts

支持某一方in favor of;on the side of

不會犯錯(cuò)的infallible

意見不和clashes of opinion

一致的unanimous;in complete agreement

不恰當(dāng)inappropriate;improper;unsuitable;inadequate

批判criticize;blame;find fault with;make judgments of the merits and faults of…

我們想念…we are convinced that…;we are certain that..我愿意I incline to;I am inclined to;I am willing to;I tend to

有用的useful;of use;serviceable;good for;instrumental;productive有意義的meaningful;fulfilling

他們不愿承認(rèn)這一點(diǎn)they have always been reluctant to admit this…在大家同意下by common consent of…

否定deny;withhold;negate承認(rèn)admit;acknowledge;confess;concede于事無補(bǔ)of no help;of no avail;no use使…受益benefit…;do good to…;is good for…;is of great benefit to…想法frame of mind;mind set;the way one is thinking想出come up with找出come up with;find out利用use;take advantage of夸耀brag about;boast about;show off;speak too highly of照顧take care of;take charge of;attend to;watch over對…很了解have a deep knowledge of…對抗權(quán)威stand up against authority;resisit boldly the authority對…有信心have confidence in說清楚articulate;verbalize;put in words;utter接受…之美意embrace the offer of…累積amass;accumulate;heap up;assemble連系tact;get in touch with;contact with排除這可能性rule out the possibility等于is equivalent to;equal選擇choose;elect;opt for;pick;single out發(fā)出deliver;give out;hand over繞路detour;take a detour;take a roundabout way禁止進(jìn)入is kept out;is barred from 小看make little of壞了out of order;on the blink;is not working分別distinguish between;make a distinction between;tell…from依靠count on;depend on忽視neglect;give too little care to存在come to be;come into existence;come to birth;come into being考慮consider;take into consideration;take into account考慮到in consideration of用盡力氣exhaust one’s strength;use up one’s strength開動initiate;set going準(zhǔn)備…brace for;prepare for在于lie in;rest on;rest with主動take the initiative不算exclusive of;not counting;leaving out應(yīng)該得到deserve;have right to;is worthy of避免avoid;shun;get around;circumvent幻想fantasy;play of the mind以此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來算by this criterion;by this standard乍看之下at first glance面對in the face of;in the presence of以by means of;by virtue of;by the use of

不惜代價(jià)at all costs

每況愈下from bad to worse

承受錯(cuò)誤造成的后果in reaping the harvest of his mistakes

取得同意…get the go-ahead to

不擇手段unscrupulously;by hook or by crook

想法與作法beliefs and practices

內(nèi)情ins and outs;turns and twists

關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻the critical moment

雖然although;notwithstanding;albeit;though

根據(jù)according to;on the basis of;on the ground of(that);in the light of;in line with;in accordance with

逃避問題evade the question

增大enlarge;extend;aggrandize

澄清clarify;make clear

賠償compensate for;give…as compensation for

實(shí)現(xiàn)carry out;implement;realize;make…come true

假定suppose;assume;postulate;hypothesize

極端的radical;extreme

極端的措施drastic measures

剩下的the rest;the remainder;what is left

換言之in other words;put another way

結(jié)果result;aftermath;consequence

優(yōu)點(diǎn)advantage;strength;strong point;merit;benefit

簡言之put simply;in short;in brief;in a nutshell

舉例而言for instance;for example;to illustrate;let us cite 特別是an illustration;to cite a concrete case

特別是especially;more than others;particularly;in particular

既然…now that…;seeing that…

跡象inkling;hint;clue;a slight suggestion

缺點(diǎn)disadvantage;demerit;shortcoming;drawback;weakness除去do away with;eliminate;remove;get rid of

缺少for lack of;for a deficiency of

畢竟after all;all in all

范圍scope;field;realm

潛力potential;

行為conduct;behavior;doings

隔絕isolate;insulate

分辨出identify;recognize

不易懂的elusive;hard to understand

展開unfold

回饋feedback

主導(dǎo)的人物a dominant figure;a controlling man;the most influential person

觀點(diǎn)viewpoint;point of view;perspective;standpoint

正在進(jìn)行中is underway只是一種姿態(tài)is merely a gesture立場position;stand;stance意向inclination;leaning;intention 一件事的不同說法alternative statements of fact交織intertwine;interweave好奇心the eager desire to know;curiosity尊敬respect;esteem;think highly of頑固的headstrong;obstinate;stubborn暗淡的gloomy;dark;dim巨大的huge;gigantic;colossal;vast;enormous;tremendous探索explore;fathom執(zhí)行carry out;execute;do現(xiàn)代modern times;modern age;contemporary age偏見prejudice;bias;partiality;predilection混亂chaos;commotion;confusion;disturbance;tumult無彈性(僵硬)rigid無缺點(diǎn)的flawless;airtight無藥可救incurable無法避免的unavoidable;inevitable細(xì)密的計(jì)劃elaborate plan取消cancel;annul;abolish解藥a cure for…;a remedy for;謎puzzle;riddle;enigma機(jī)會平等equality of opportunity較有影響力的國家a predominant country遵守abide by;conform to;observe;comply with熱情的passionate;ardent;zealous特權(quán)privilege;a special right 模糊的ambiguous;vague;obscure影響長遠(yuǎn)的far-reaching失望despair;loss of hope;without hope幼稚childish;childlike;na飗e挑剔的picky;choosy;fastidious破壞destroy;ruin;break to pieces;devasate技巧的skillful;adept;dexterous警覺的alert;watchful;on guard;wary of忍受bear;put up with;endure;stand證據(jù)evidence;facts;proof;grounds;testimony很容易地easily;with little problem;with little hindrance令人驚訝的amazing;astonishing;astounding生動的報(bào)導(dǎo)vivid description爭取compete for;try hard to win遺產(chǎn)heritage;legacy;inheritance

保護(hù)protect;safeguard;preserve;shelter

了解understand;comprehend;catch the meaning of;catch on匯露reveal;make known;disclose

放大amplify;magnify;enlarge

動力impetus;driving force;momentum

自滿的complacent

第一流的first-rate;excellent

安全處refuge;asylum;haven;sanctuary

強(qiáng)調(diào)emphasize;stress;highlight

短視的決定short-sighted decision

真正的genuine;authentic;real

怪異的eccentric;peculiar;odd

明顯的distinct;clear;explicit;obvious

得到…的注意capture one’s attention

事事干涉的meddlesome;interfering

背景setting;background

假的fake;false;counterfeit

夸大報(bào)導(dǎo)dramatize

退步setback

古人the ancients

古老的old;ancient;archaeic

逃犯infringe(on);violate

使害怕intimidate;frighten

帶來生氣enliven

對手rival

吸引人的intriguing

旁觀者onlooker

準(zhǔn)確地說to be exact;to be precise;precisely

突然醒悟it dawned on me that

仔細(xì)思考之后after long deliberation;after careful thought

對比及其相關(guān)用詞

可互換的interchangeable

可與…相比is comparable with(to)

普遍的prevailing;common;prevalent

是一個(gè)對比is a sharp contrast to

比作is likened to;is compared to

多樣化的heterogeneous

單一性的homogeneous

一般而言in general;generally speaking;by and large

滿于現(xiàn)狀be happy with what you are

預(yù)測未來project into the future

另一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是… another way of looking at the matter is…

不宜取笑… it is not decent to make fun of…

評估社會文化因素 assess(evaluate)sociocultural factors

那并非說… that does not mean that…

那有這回事 there is no such thing as

一個(gè)有待克服的困難是… a major hurdle for us to overcome is…由…造成 caused by;attributable to;due to;resulting from

由…組成 is made up of…;is comprised of;consist

必須從兩方面考慮此問題this problem needs to be considered on two dimensions:

限制limit;restrict;refrain;restrain;keep within limits;confine;keep in check

一般人認(rèn)為… conventional wisdom suggests that…

這方法有陷阱the method had pitfalls:

說服convince;persuade;cause to believe

具體的specific;concrete;tangible

刻意的intentional;on purpose;intended

費(fèi)時(shí)間去了解…take time to acquaint oneself with…

…是此問題的核心 …is at the root of the issue

無法估計(jì)is beyond calculation;incalculable

無資格的disqualified

第三篇：高考英語作文常用連接詞和短語

要有夢想，即使遙遠(yuǎn)

高考英語作文常用連接詞和短語

1.陳述第一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)時(shí)可以用的詞匯：

首先、第一點(diǎn)：to begin with；to start with;in the first place;first of all；above all

2.陳述第二個(gè)觀點(diǎn)時(shí)可以用的詞匯：

also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且；；in addition 并且 ；apart from 除了……之外； what's more 而且、更重要的 ；for another 另一方面 ；worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是

3.陳述第三個(gè)觀點(diǎn)時(shí)可以用的詞匯：

at last；finally 最后 ；in the end 最后 ；eventually 最終

4.總結(jié)全文時(shí)可以用的詞匯：

in a/one word 簡言之、一句話、總之 ；generally speaking 一般說來 ；in short=in a few words 簡言之 ；in conclusion=lastly 最后地 ；on the whole=taking

everything into consideration 從總體來看、大體上；as has been mentioned 正如所提到的 ；it is quite clear that 很顯然；to sum up=to summarize=in summary 總之

5.陳述自己觀點(diǎn)時(shí)可以用的詞匯：

As for me(對我而言)；personally(個(gè)人認(rèn)為)；as far as I`m concerned(在我看來)；in my opinion(在我看來)

6.表示轉(zhuǎn)折話題的詞匯 ：

by the way 順便說 ；I am afraid that...我恐怕 ；in my opinion 依我看來 ；to tell the truth 說實(shí)話 ；to be honest 誠實(shí)地說 ；in fact=as a matter of fact=actually 事實(shí)上

7.表示列舉舉例的詞匯：

for example 例如：…… ；namely 即…… ；for instance 例如：…… ；that is(to say)也就是說 ；such as 如…… ；take…for example 拿……來說 ；like 像……

8.表示因果的詞匯：

because 因?yàn)?；since 既然 ；as 由于 ；now that 既然 therefore 因此 ；thus 這樣 ；so 所以 ；as a result(of)結(jié)果 ；because of=on account of 因?yàn)?；thanks to 多虧、由于 ；for this reason 由于這個(gè)原因

9.表示比較或?qū)Ρ鹊脑~匯：

like 像 ；unlike 不像 ；similarly 同樣地 ；in the same way 以相同的方式 ；compared to 與……相比 ；while 而 ；still=nevertheless 然而 ；on the contrary 正相反 ；different from 與……不同 ；on(the)one hand…on the other hand 一方面……另一方面 ；in contrast with 與……成對比

10.表示遞進(jìn)或強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞匯：

besides 況且 ；what's more 更重要地是 ；thus 這樣 ；above all 首先 ；indeed 的確 ；in fact/ as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上 ；in other words 換句話說 ；in that case 那樣的話 ；or rather 更確切地說 ；particularly 特別地

第四篇：高考英語作文常用句型及短語

高考英語作文常用句型及短語

1、學(xué)校生活及學(xué)習(xí)成績

Be getting on well with one’s study某人的學(xué)習(xí)越來越好

take several courses at school在學(xué)校學(xué)若干門課程

have English(Chinese, Physics…)every(other)day work hard at … put one’s heart into…專心于;致力于

be interested in … be fond of

like chemistry best

be good at …;be poor at …;do well in …;be weak in … make progress in …;fail in …’ be tired of …’ pass the examination;give sb.a passing grade;major in history 主修歷史

He has the best record in school.他的成績最棒。

get a doctor’s degree 獲得博士學(xué)位

be more interesting to sb.learn about;succeed in…;be active in class(work);take an active part in …;learn… by heart;

work out a(maths)problem;improve oneself in …;get 90 marks for(English);get an “A” in the exam;have a good command of…

lay a good foundation in(language study)

2、師生關(guān)系

get on well with sb;like to be with students;be gentle with us;be kind to sb;

be a strict teacher;be strict with one’s pupils;be strict in work

We think of him(her)as …;help sb with sth;praise sb for sth …;blame sb for sth..give advice on …;question sb on … be satisfied with …

correct the students’ homework carefully and prepare for the next day;give sb a lot of work;

try to teach sb good study habits;make one’s lessons lively and interesting;teach sb.sth.;teach sb to do sth.devote all one’s time to work;

admire(sb.for)his devotion to the cause of education 佩服他對于教育事業(yè)的獻(xiàn)身精神。

3、課余活動及周末生活

spend one’s time in many different ways;enjoy doing things by oneself;go swimming;go for an outing;have an outing at(the seashore);see the sights of Beijing;play the piano(violin);play chess(basketball);have a swim;

have dances on weekends;have a picnic over the weekend;go to the cinema;have a party;hold a sports meeting;do some reading;help sb do sth;enjoy a family trip;get everything ready for;

ride one’s bike with sb.to(the park);There are a lot of activities at(the beach).We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.She would like to bring sth.to the picnic.It was a very relaxing Sunday.There are good programmes on TV on weekends.4、彼此溝通信息

take a messa

ge for sb;send a message to sb;

hear from sb;talk about/of sth;tell sb to do sth;get information about…;

express one’s idea(feelings)in English用英語表達(dá)一個(gè)人的思想（感情）;Write sb a letter saying…給某人寫信說...，apologize to sb for… thank you for …;make a speech t at the meeting;explain sth to s;look upon sb as …;think sb to be …;take sb’s side

5、事件中人的態(tài)度

would like to do;allow sb to do;

keep sb from doing(prevent sb.from doing);call on sb to do;be afraid to do(be afraid of …)；

fee like doing;insist on doing;drive sb.off;

speak highly of sb;speak ill of sb;think highly of sb;force sb to do;offer to do;refuse to do;agree to do;regret doing;

prefer to do A rather than do B;had better do;would rather(not)do.6、事情過程

have the habit of doing…;have no trouble doing;make up one’s mind to do;

prepare sb for …;give up doing…;do sth as usual;do what he wants us to do;set about doing;try one’s best to do…=go all out to do;

get into trouble;help sb out;do one’s bit for New China;wait for sb to do;find a way to do;make friends with sb;show(tell)sb.how to do…;take(send)sb to …;I’m trying to find…;I’m afraid we are out of …;

pass the time doing;feel a little excited about doing…;can’t help doing…;do some good deeds to people;be prepared for more hard work;

Some are doing A, others are doing B, and still others are doing C.7、感觀活動與思維活動

look around for …;look up(down)at …;catch sight of …;

take a look at …;hear sb do(doing);take notice of …;

take view of …;have a good understanding of …;

consider sb(sth)to be …;come to know…;realize that …;know that +從句

8、情感與欲望

be pleased with …;be delighted in doing…;

take a pleasure in doing;be worried about;feel surprised at …

be sorry for …;be angry with sb for sth;be angry about …(為某事生氣)；

look forward to doing…;wish to do;expect to do;long for(long to do);be sick for one’s home;have a strong desire to do …;

9、健康狀況及治療

be in good shape;be in good(poor)health;

feel weak(well, terrible, sick);have got a high(slight)fever;have a slight(bad)cold;take one’s temperature;

have got a pain in …;be good(bad)for one’s health(eyes);It’s nothing serious.stay in bed until…;save one’s life

10、其它

It(take)sb.some time to do…;It is said that …;

be fit for;be short of;be well dressed;miss the lecture(train);change…into…;

waste time doing;spend time doing;be busy doing;have no choice but to do;I can’t help it.be in need of…;be mistaken about …;fall behind…;catch up with;on behalf of;instead of;be welcome to do…;

Running, biking and swimming are popular in summer.Skiing and skating are my favorite winter sports.11、信件開頭常用語

You letter came to me this morning.I have received your letter of July the 20th.I’m writing to you about the lecture to be given next Monday.I’m writing to ask if you can come next week.How time flies!It’s three monthssince I saw you last.Thank you for your letter.In reply to your letter about(the exhibition this year)…;

Let me tell you that…

12、信件結(jié)尾常用語

Please remember me to your whole family.Give my best regards(wishes)to your mother.Best wishes.With love.Wish you a pleasant journey.Wish you success.Wish you the best of health.(luck)Looking forward to your next visit to China.Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you.Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible.13、問路和應(yīng)答 Go down this street

Turn night/left at the first crossing It’s about…meters from here You can’t miss it

In front of behind at/a the corner(不用in)Pass two blocks

“游客紛至沓來”這句話，很多學(xué)生不能用英語寫出“紛至沓來”這個(gè)成語，但是可以用以下幾種表達(dá)方式：

⑴A large number of visitors come here

⑵There are lots of visitors coming here every day ⑶Many people visit here every day

⑷A lot of people pay a visit here every day 多使用過渡性詞語使句子連貫

表列舉：for example、for instance、that is to say 表補(bǔ)充：besides、in addition、moreover 表對比：on the one hand…on the other hand in spite of

表原因：because of、thanks to、due to、owing to 表結(jié)果：therefore、thus、as a result、so

表結(jié)論：to conclude、in a word、in brief、to sum up 表轉(zhuǎn)折：however、nevertheless、yet

英語作文-經(jīng)典句型(1)

一 ~~~ the + ~ est + 名詞 +(that)+ 主詞 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)

~~~ the most + 形容詞 + 名詞 +(that)+ 主詞 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)

例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.海倫是我所看過最美麗的女孩。

Mr.Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.張老師是我曾經(jīng)遇到最仁慈的教師。

二 Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V

Nothing is + more + 形容詞 + than to + V

例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.沒有比接受教育更重要的事。

三 ~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性也不為過。）

例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我們再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)眼睛的重要性也不為過。

四 There is no denying that + S + V...（不可否認(rèn)的……）

例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否認(rèn)的，我們的生活品質(zhì)已經(jīng)每況愈下。

五 It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~（全世界都知道……）

例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道樹木對我們是不可或缺的。

六 There is no doubt that + 句子~~（毫無疑問的……）

例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫無疑問的我們的教育制度令人不滿意。

七 An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子（……的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是……）

例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create(produce)any pollution.使用太陽能的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它不會制造任何污染。

八 The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子（……的原因是……）

例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我們必須種樹的原因是它們能供應(yīng)我們新鮮的空氣。

九 So + 形容詞 + be + 主詞 + that + 句子（如此……以致于……）

例句：So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.時(shí)間是如此珍貴，我們經(jīng)不起浪費(fèi)它。

十 Adj + as + Subject（主詞）+ be, S + V~~~（雖然……）

例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.(by no means = in no way = on no account 一點(diǎn)也不)

雖然我們的國家富有，我們的生活品質(zhì)絕對令人不滿意。

十一 The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~

The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈……愈……）

例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make.你愈努力，你愈進(jìn)步。

The more books we read, the more learned we become.我們書讀愈多，我們愈有學(xué)問。

十二 By +Ving, ~~ can ~~（借著……，能夠……）

例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.借著做運(yùn)動，我們能夠始終保持健康。

十三 ~~~ enable + Object（受詞）+ to + V（使……能夠……）

例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.聽音樂使我們能夠感覺輕松。

十四 On no account can we + V ~~~（我們絕對不能……）

例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我們絕對不能忽略知識的價(jià)值。

十五 It is time + S + 過去式（該是……的時(shí)候了）

例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.該是有關(guān)當(dāng)局采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣斫鉀Q交通問題的時(shí)候了。

十六 Those who ~~~（……的人……）

例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.違反交通規(guī)定的人應(yīng)該受處罰。

十七 There is no one but ~~~（沒有人不……）

例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.沒有人不渴望上大學(xué)。

十八 be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V（不得不……）

例句：Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.既然考試迫在眉睫，我不得不放棄做運(yùn)動。

十九 It is conceivable that + 句子（可想而知的）

It is obvious that + 句子（明顯的）

It is apparent that + 句子（顯然的）

例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知，知識在我們的一生中扮演一個(gè)重要的角色。

二十 That is the reason why ~~~（那就是……的原因）

例句：Summer is sultry.That is the reason why I don't like it.夏天很燠熱。那就是我不喜歡它的原因。

二十一 For the past + 時(shí)間，S + 現(xiàn)在完成式...（過去，年來，……一直……）

例句：For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.過去兩年來，我一直忙著準(zhǔn)備考試。

二十二 Since + S + 過去式，S + 現(xiàn)在完成式。

例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.自從他上高中，他一直很用功。

二十三 It pays to + V ~~~（……是值得的。）

例句：It pays to help others.幫助別人是值得的。

二十四 be based on（以……為基礎(chǔ)）

例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.社會的進(jìn)步是以和諧為基礎(chǔ)的。

二十五 Spare no effort to + V（不遺余力的）

We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我們應(yīng)該不遺余力的美化我們的環(huán)境。

二十六 bring home to + 人 + 事（讓……明白……事）

例句：We should bring home to people the value of working hard.我們應(yīng)該讓人們明白努力的價(jià)值。

二十七 be closely related to ~~（與……息息相關(guān)）

例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health.做運(yùn)動與健康息息相關(guān)。

二十八 Get into the habit of + Ving = make it a rule to + V（養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣）

例句：We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成早睡早起的習(xí)慣。

二十九 Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~（因?yàn)椤?/p>

例句：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.因?yàn)樗墓膭?lì)，我終于實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢想。

三十 What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么……！）

例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise!

How important a thing it is to keep our promise!

遵守諾言是多么重要的事！

三十一 Leave much to be desired（令人不滿意）

例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.我們的交通狀況令人不滿意。

三十二 Have a great influence on ~~~（對……有很大的影響）

例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health.抽煙對我們的健康有很大的影響。

三十三 do good to（對……有益），do harm to（對……有害）

例句：Reading does good to our mind.讀書對心靈有益。

Overwork does harm to health.工作過度對健康有害。

三十四 Pose a great threat to ~~（對……造成一大威脅）

例句：Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.污染對我們的生存造成一大威脅。

三十五 do one's utmost to + V = do one's best（盡全力去……）

例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.我們應(yīng)盡全力去達(dá)成我們的人生目標(biāo)。

常用句型

（一）段首句

1.關(guān)于……人們有不同的觀點(diǎn)。一些人認(rèn)為……

There are different opinions among people as to ____.Some people suggest that ____.2.俗話說（常言道）……，它是我們前輩的經(jīng)歷，但是，即使在今天，它在許多場合仍然適用。

There is an old saying______.Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.3.現(xiàn)在，……，它們給我們的日常生活帶來了許多危害。首先，……； 其次，……。更為糟糕的是……。

Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life.First, ____ Second,____.What makes things worse is that______.4.現(xiàn)在，……很普遍，許多人喜歡……，因?yàn)椤硗猓ǘ遥?/p>

……。

Nowadays，it is common to ______.Many people like ______ because ______.Besides，______.5.任何事物都是有兩面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不 利的一面。

Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.6.關(guān)于……人們的觀點(diǎn)各不相同，一些人認(rèn)為（說）……，在他們看 來，……

People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person.Some people say that ______.To them,_____.7.人類正面臨著一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問題……，這個(gè)問題變得越來越嚴(yán)重。

Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.8.……已成為人的關(guān)注的熱門話題，特別是在年青人當(dāng)中，將引發(fā)激烈 的辯論。

______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.9.……在我們的日常生活中起著越來越重要的作用，它給我們帶來了許 多好處，但同時(shí)也引發(fā)一些嚴(yán)重的問題。

______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has

brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.10.根據(jù)圖表/數(shù)字/統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字/表格中的百分比/圖表/條形圖/成形圖可 以看出……。很顯然……，但是為什么呢？

According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______ while.Obviously，______，but why?

（二）中間段落句

1.相反，有一些人贊成……，他們相信……，而且，他們認(rèn)為……。

On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time，they say____.2.但是，我認(rèn)為這不是解決……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的 是……。

But I dont think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of

all，___.3.……對我們國家的發(fā)展和建設(shè)是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……

______is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction.First，______.Whats more, _____.Most important of all,______.4.有幾個(gè)可供我們采納的方法。首先，我們可以……。

There are several measures for us to adopt.First, we can______

5.面臨……，我們應(yīng)該采取一系列行之有效的方法來……。一方 面……，另一方面，Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures to______.For one thing，______For another，______.早就應(yīng)該拿出行動了。比如說……，另外……。所有這些方法肯定 會……。

It is high time that something was done about it.For example._____.In addition._____.All these measures will certainly______.7.為什么……？第一個(gè)原因是……；第二個(gè)原因是……；第三個(gè)原因 是……?？偟膩碚f，……的主要原因是由于……

Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is

______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______.8.然而，正如任何事物都有好壞兩個(gè)方面一樣，……也有它的不利的一 面，象……。

However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own

disadvantages, such as ______.9.盡管如此，我相信……更有利。

Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.（一）掌握技巧：

（1）注意篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，合理布局

開始部分（opening paragraph）——說出文中的要點(diǎn)、核心問題。

正文部分（Body paragraphs）——圍繞主題開展敘述、討論。

結(jié)尾部分（concluding paragraphs）——對全文的總結(jié)和概括。

要做到全文中心突出、段落之間必須是有機(jī)地聯(lián)系，內(nèi)容完整、連貫。

前后呼應(yīng)，祛除與主題無關(guān)的內(nèi)容.（2）確定主題句

主題句是對全文的概括，是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“畫龍點(diǎn)睛”的作用。通常主題句出現(xiàn)在一篇文章的開頭，而后，全文對主題句所提出的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋，擴(kuò)展。

寫主題句應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

①歸納出你要寫的文章的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)

②提煉出一句具有概括性的話

③主題句應(yīng)具有可讀性，抓住、吸引讀者。

（二）巧用連接詞

要想使文章有整體性、連貫性，就要學(xué)會正確使用連接詞

表示羅列增加

First, second, third, First, then / next, after that / next, finally For one thing … for another…, On(the)one hand…on the other hand,Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also, Especially / In particular，表示時(shí)間順序

now, at present, recently,after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days,at first, in the beginning, to begin with, later, next, finally,immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment form now on, from then on, at the same time, meanwhile, till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during，表示解釋說明

now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover furthermore, in fact，actually

表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except(for), instead, of course, after all，表示并列關(guān)系

or, and, also, too, not only … but also, as well as, both… and, either …or,neither …nor

表示因果關(guān)系

because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to…, due to…, therefore, as a result(of), otherwise, so…that, such…that

表示條件關(guān)系

as(so)long as, on condition that, if, unless

表示讓步關(guān)系

though, although, as, even if, even though, whether …or…, however, whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how(who, what, which, where, when, whom)

表示舉例

for example, for instance, such as…, take… for example

表示比較

be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with(to)…just like, just as，表示目的for this reason， for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)

in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all，表示概括歸納

in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I

know, As we all know, as has been stated,as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion，（三）掌握常用句型：

臺灣英語資源網(wǎng) http://004km.cnpared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.8.not only…but also

在短短的三年的時(shí)間里她不但完成了所有課程，而且還獲得了博士學(xué)位。

In just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her doctor’s degree.9.either…or

如果考試過關(guān)，你可以買一個(gè)MP3或去云南玩一趟。

You could either buy an MP3 or go to Yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam.10.Neither…nor

他是一個(gè)無聊的人，既不愛娛樂，也不愛讀書。

He is a boring man.He likes neither entertainment nor reading.11.as well as

他善良又樂于助人。

He was kind as well as helpful.12.…as well

這個(gè)小孩活潑又可愛。

The child is active and funny as well.13.One…the other

你看見桌子上有兩只筆嗎？一支是紅色的，另一支是黑色的。

Have you seen two pens on the desk? One is red, the other is black.14.Some…others

每個(gè)人都很忙，有些在讀書，有些在寫作。

Everyone is busy in classroom.Some are reading, others are writing.15.make…+adj /n

我們所做的可以讓世界更美麗。

What we do will make the world more beautiful.16.not…until

直到他告訴我發(fā)生的事，我才了解真相。

I didn’t know the truth until she told me what happened.17.as if

他夸夸其談好像什么事都知道。

He talks a lot as if he knows everything.18.It is no use(good)doing…

假裝不懂規(guī)則是行不通的。

It’s no use pretending that you didn’t know the rules.19.find it + adj to do…

我覺得作聽力時(shí)有必要作筆記。

I find it necessary to take down notes while listening.20.It is + time since…

我已經(jīng)有兩年沒見他了。

It is two years since I last met him.21.It is + time when…

我到電影院時(shí)已經(jīng)八點(diǎn)鐘了。

It was 8 o’clock when I got to the cinema.22.It is + time before…

不久我們就會再見面的。

I won’t be long before we can meet again.23.It is…that…

我最珍視的是友誼。

It is friendship that I value most.24.It is + n / adj + that / to do…

每個(gè)人都必須懂得如何使用計(jì)算機(jī)

It is a must that everybody should know how to use computers.

第五篇：2011高考必備 英語作文常用句型及短語

2011年高考必備

英語作文常用句型及短語

多使用過渡性詞語使句子連貫

表列舉：for example、for instance、that is to say

表補(bǔ)充：besides、in addition、moreover

表對比：on the one hand…on the other hand

in spite of

表原因：because of、thanks to、due to、owing to

表結(jié)果：therefore、thus、as a result、so

表結(jié)論：to conclude、in a word、in brief、to sum up1、學(xué)校生活及學(xué)習(xí)成績

Be getting on well with one’s study某人的學(xué)習(xí)越來越好

take several courses at school在學(xué)校學(xué)若干門課程

have English(Chinese, Physics…)every(other)day work hard at …

put one’s heart into…專心于;致力于

be interested in …

be fond of

like chemistry best

be good at …;be poor at …;do well in …;be weak in …

make progress in …;fail in …’ be tired of …’

pass the examination;give sb.a passing grade;

major in history 主修歷史

He has the best record in school.他的成績最棒。

get a doctor’s degree 獲得博士學(xué)位

be more interesting to sb.learn about;succeed in…;be active in class(work);

take an active part in …;learn… by heart;

work out a(maths)problem;improve oneself in …;

get 90 marks for(English);get an “A” in the exam;

have a good command of…

lay a good foundation in(language study)

2、師生關(guān)系

get on well with sb;like to be with students;

be gentle with us;be kind to sb;

be a strict teacher;be strict with one’s pupils;

be strict in work

We think of him(her)as …;help sb with sth;

praise sb for sth …;blame sb for sth..give advice on …;question sb on …

be satisfied with …

correct the students’ homework carefully and prepare for the next day;give sb a lot of work;try to teach sb good study habits;make one’s lessons lively and interesting;teach sb.sth.;teach sb to do sth.devote all one’s time to work;

admire(sb.for)his devotion to the cause of education

佩服他對于教育事業(yè)的獻(xiàn)身精神。

3、課余活動及周末生活 spend one’s time in many different ways;enjoy doing things by oneself;go swimming;go for an outing;have an outing at(the seashore);see the sights of Beijing;play the piano(violin);play chess(basketball);have a swim;have dances on weekends;have a picnic over the weekend;go to the cinema;have a party;hold a sports meeting;do some reading;help sb do sth;enjoy a family trip;get everything ready for;ride one’s bike with sb.to(the park);There are a lot of activities at(the beach).We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.She would like to bring sth.to the picnic.It was a very relaxing Sunday.There are good programmes on TV on weekends.4、彼此溝通信息 take a message for sb;send a message to sb;hear from sb;talk about/of sth;tell sb to do sth;get information about…;express one’s idea(feelings)in English用英語表達(dá)一個(gè)人的思想（感情）;Write sb a letter saying…給某人寫信說...，apologize to sb for… thank you for …;make a speech t at the meeting;explain sth to s;look upon sb as …;think sb to be …;take sb’s side

5、事件中人的態(tài)度 would like to do;allow sb to do;keep sb from doing(prevent sb.from doing);call on sb to do;be afraid to do(be afraid of …)； fee like doing;insist on doing;drive sb.off;speak highly of sb;speak ill of sb;think highly of sb;force sb to do;offer to do;refuse to do;agree to do;regret doing;prefer to do A rather than do B;had better do;would rather(not)do.6、事情過程 have the habit of doing…;have no trouble doing;make up one’s mind to do;prepare sb for …;give up doing…;do sth as usual;do what he wants us to do;set about doing;try one’s best to do…=go all out to do;get into trouble;help sb out;do one’s bit for New China;wait for sb to do;find a way to do;make friends with sb;show(tell)sb.how to do…;take(send)sb to …;I’m trying to find…;

I’m afraid we are out of …;

pass the time doing;feel a little excited about doing…;

can’t help doing…;do some good deeds to people;

be prepared for more hard work;

Some are doing A, others are doing B, and still others are doing C.7、感觀活動與思維活動

look around for …;look up(down)at …;catch sight of …;

take a look at …;hear sb do(doing);take notice of …;

take view of …;have a good understanding of …;

consider sb(sth)to be …;come to know…;

realize that …;know that +從句

8、情感與欲望

be pleased with …;be delighted in doing…;

take a pleasure in doing;be worried about;

feel surprised at …

be sorry for …;be angry with sb for sth;

be angry about …(為某事生氣)；

look forward to doing…;wish to do;expect to do;

long for(long to do);be sick for one’s home;

have a strong desire to do …;

9、健康狀況及治療

be in good shape;be in good(poor)health;

feel weak(well, terrible, sick);have got a high(slight)fever;

have a slight(bad)cold;take one’s temperature;

have got a pain in …;be good(bad)for one’s health(eyes);

It’s nothing serious.stay in bed until…;save one’s life10、其它

It(take)sb.some time to do…;It is said that …;

be fit for;be short of;be well dressed;

miss the lecture(train);change…into…;

waste time doing;spend time doing;be busy doing;

have no choice but to do;I can’t help it.be in need of…;

be mistaken about …;fall behind…;catch up with;

on behalf of;instead of;be welcome to do…;

Running, biking and swimming are popular in summer.Skiing and skating are my favorite winter sports.11、信件開頭常用語

You letter came to me this morning.I have received your letter of July the 20th.I’m writing to you about the lecture to be given next Monday.I’m writing to ask if you can come next week.How time flies!It’s three months since I saw you last.Thank you for your letter.In reply to your letter about(the exhibition this year)…;

Let me tell you that…

12、信件結(jié)尾常用語

Please remember me to your whole family.Give my best regards(wishes)to your mother.Best wishes.With love.Wish you a pleasant journey.Wish you success.Wish you the best of health.(luck)

Looking forward to your next visit to China.Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you.Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible.13、問路和應(yīng)答

Go down this street

Turn night/left at the first crossing

It’s about…meters from here

You can’t miss it

In front of behind at/a the corner(不用in)

Pass two blocks

：“游客紛至沓來”這句話，很多學(xué)生不能用英語寫出“紛至沓來”這個(gè)成語，但是可以用以下幾種表達(dá)方式：⑴A large number of visitors come here

⑵There are lots of visitors coming here every day

⑶Many people visit here every day

⑷A lot of people pay a visit here every day

多使用過渡性詞語使句子連貫

表列舉：for example、for instance、that is to say

表補(bǔ)充：besides、in addition、moreover

表對比：on the one hand…on the other hand

in spite of

表原因：because of、thanks to、due to、owing to

表結(jié)果：therefore、thus、as a result、so

表結(jié)論：to conclude、in a word、in brief、to sum up

表轉(zhuǎn)折：however、nevertheless、yet