第一篇：2010商務(wù)英語BEC中級(jí)寫作實(shí)例解析

2010商務(wù)英語BEC中級(jí)寫作實(shí)例解析

隨著中國人學(xué)習(xí)英語風(fēng)潮的持續(xù)升溫，擁有日常英語交流能力已經(jīng)變得不足為奇，未來在就業(yè)市場(chǎng)上走俏的將是職業(yè)英語，即能夠用英語交流工作中的問題，比如和外國同事討論公司的市場(chǎng)營銷策略或者代表公司和外國公司接洽等。但是目前絕大多數(shù)學(xué)生和職場(chǎng)新人對(duì)于商業(yè)英語非常陌生。筆者認(rèn)為，備考劍橋商務(wù)英語證書(Business English Certificate，簡稱BEC)是有志躋身于商業(yè)職場(chǎng)的人士熟悉商業(yè)場(chǎng)景、學(xué)習(xí)商業(yè)英語的最佳方法。

BEC考試的顯著特點(diǎn)就是把商業(yè)實(shí)際和英語運(yùn)用結(jié)合起來，分成初、中、高三級(jí)(BEC Preliminary, BEC Vantage, BEC Higher)，其中BEC中級(jí)最符合廣大考生的求職需求。BEC中級(jí)考試分成聽、說、讀、寫四項(xiàng)考查，各占總成績1/4，其中寫作部分與聽、說、讀相比，因其考查形式固定，內(nèi)容要求有限，因而最易得高分。寫作部分包含兩個(gè)部分：Part One, 備忘錄或電子郵件(Memo or Email)，占寫作成績的1/3;Part Two, 商務(wù)信件、報(bào)告或提議(Letter, Report or Proposal)，占寫作成績的2/3。兩部分相比，Part One要求簡單，較之Part Two更容易提高，本文以《劍橋BEC真題集(中級(jí))第二輯》的Test Two, Part One為例，詳細(xì)分析Part One的寫作流程，并在最后給出BEC寫作的復(fù)習(xí)資料。樣 題

You are the Managing Director of a company whose profits have recently increased and you would like to reward staff for this.Write a memo to all staff:

Thanking them for their contribution

Explaining why profits increased

Telling them what their reward will be.Write 40~50 words

題目解讀

BEC中級(jí)寫作考試總時(shí)長 為45分鐘，根據(jù)詞數(shù)要求和分值，通常小作文寫作不超過15分鐘。應(yīng)試創(chuàng)作可分成以下三步：1.審題構(gòu)思Read & Plan(3 mins);2.寫作Write(10 mins);3.檢查Check(2 mins)。

Part One的題目背景通常是一事、兩人、三要點(diǎn)。本題中，最近公司利潤增長，“你”作為公司的董事總經(jīng)理(Managing Director)將對(duì)全體員工(all staff)進(jìn)行獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，備忘錄的內(nèi)容需包括三個(gè)要點(diǎn)：感謝員工的貢獻(xiàn)，解釋利潤增長原因，并告之獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)內(nèi)容。正文詞數(shù)要求為40～50個(gè)詞，因?yàn)樯虅?wù)英語要求簡潔，詞數(shù)要求有上限，這和四、六級(jí)以及考研寫作只規(guī)定詞數(shù)下限有所區(qū)別，但實(shí)際考試時(shí)允許少量超標(biāo)，比如接近60詞。

內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)、語言和形式

首先可根據(jù)各要點(diǎn)的邏輯關(guān)系調(diào)整寫作順序，比如在本題中，先解釋利潤增長的原因，再感謝員工，最后宣布獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。其次應(yīng)針對(duì)要點(diǎn)簡要展開論述，比如利潤增長的原因可能是銷售量增加(the increase of sales)、成本降低(the reduction of cost)或推出新產(chǎn)品(the launch of the new product);而獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的內(nèi)容經(jīng)常是集體旅行(a company trip)、漲工資(an increase of salary)或發(fā)放獎(jiǎng)金(bonus)。要點(diǎn)擴(kuò)展應(yīng)注意兩點(diǎn)：其一，商務(wù)交流要求具體，比如利潤的增長比去年同時(shí)段增加10%;其二，擴(kuò)展內(nèi)容應(yīng)符合商務(wù)實(shí)際，如全體員工工資上浮50%、增加帶薪假期(paid leave)、開派對(duì)(a party)或唱卡拉

OK(Karaoke)等獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)都是不符合商務(wù)實(shí)際的。如果確實(shí)對(duì)商務(wù)實(shí)務(wù)不熟悉，可用簡單的理由以避免出錯(cuò)，比如公司業(yè)績?cè)鲩L的原因可以寬泛地寫成是員工的努力工作和加班(hard work and long working hours)。

結(jié)構(gòu)

因?yàn)槲恼聝?nèi)容很少，總詞數(shù)只有50個(gè)詞左右，寫作時(shí)應(yīng)寫成一個(gè)整體，不應(yīng)出現(xiàn)每句一段的散文詩文章，而且不要刻意使用first和second之類的過渡詞語。

語言

Part One題目中的要點(diǎn)通常以三個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞形式給出，寫作時(shí)通常是三句話，即針對(duì)每個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞寫一句 話，平均句長在15個(gè)詞左右。備考時(shí)應(yīng)針對(duì)題目中常見的分詞動(dòng)詞準(zhǔn)備相應(yīng)的表達(dá)方式，盡量避免重復(fù)使用題目中的詞句即可。

解釋原因：

連詞：because, since, for, so;短語：because of, due to, owing to

表示感謝：

Thank you very much for...;I would like to thank you for...;I am very grateful for...;It was very kind of you to...獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)：

A rise in salary of X%;A bonus of X% of your monthly salary;A trip to

Hawaii/Athens/Maldives

需要注意的是，商務(wù)英語要求正式文體，較之非正式文體，其有以下常見特點(diǎn)：

正式 非正式

Headquarters, September(不簡寫)H.Q.Sept.(縮寫)

schedule, discuss(精確動(dòng)詞)set, talk about(寬泛動(dòng)詞或詞組)

A copy has been sent.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))I sent you a copy.(主動(dòng)語態(tài))

最后需要考慮的就是備忘錄的形式。正式考試時(shí)，文字題目下方會(huì)模擬商務(wù)實(shí)際，附上備忘錄開頭片段，包括To, From, Date, Subject等細(xì)節(jié)，但是考生不必直接在片段后書寫，應(yīng)該在試題紙背面寫作，寫作時(shí)不要求必須有From, To等內(nèi)容，但若能準(zhǔn)確而符合商務(wù)習(xí)慣地寫出備忘錄細(xì)節(jié)，無疑會(huì)增加文章的印象分，這里簡單介紹一下備忘錄細(xì)節(jié)的注意事項(xiàng)。

To: 備忘錄對(duì)象

如果具體到人，最好寫出全名，不要寫自己的真實(shí)姓名，有作弊嫌疑，尤其不能“重名”，如Bill Tom，Bill和Tom都是名(Given name)，而不是姓(Family name)，一個(gè)簡單的處理方法就是use others?name，比如男名Bill Gates, Michael Scofield, Jay Chou或女名

From: 備忘錄作者

要點(diǎn)同上，一般不用尊稱，只有對(duì)方不知道自己身份的時(shí)候才后綴職位名稱。

Date: 日期

BEC屬于英聯(lián)邦國家的考試，日期的寫法一般為日、月、年，比如7 December 2002，注意月份用英文而不是數(shù)字，以免和日期混淆，可以縮寫，比如將一月寫作Jan(也可以用開放標(biāo)點(diǎn))。

Britney Spears, Jennifer Aniston等;若顯示關(guān)系親密，還可以把名字縮寫，比如B.Gates, M.Scofield, J.Chou, B.Spears, J.Aniston等;如果寫給上級(jí)，還應(yīng)該加上尊稱甚至職位，比如Mr.Bill Gates — Managing Director, Mr.Jay Chou — Art Director等;現(xiàn)代商務(wù)寫作中流行開放標(biāo)點(diǎn)(Open Punctuation)，即標(biāo)點(diǎn)不影響理解的時(shí)候可以不用，所以Mr./Ms./Mrs.后面的省略點(diǎn)也可以省去，簡單寫成Mr/Ms/Mrs;最好不要省去名字。

范文示例

To: All Staff

From: Bill Gates

Date: 7 December 2002

Subject: Staff Reward

The profits of our company this month went up 10% compared with the same period last year, due to your hard work and long working hours.I would like to thank you for your long devoted service.A trip to Hawaii has been arranged next month as a prize.Enjoy!

第二篇：BEC商務(wù)英語寫作

BEC商務(wù)英語寫作范文（1）

NOTICE OF OPPOSITION TO ZONING REQUEST

An application has been filed by [name of applicant] for a [variance，exception，special use permit] to permit [purpose for zoning request] at[address]in the City of[city]，County of [county]，State of[state]

The property in question is presently zoned for[zoning]，and the adjacent property is

[zoning]

As property owners in the area，the undersigned do hereby request that the pending application mentioned herein be denied by the [name of commission]on the following grounds：

[grounds for petition]

第三篇：BEC商務(wù)英語寫作匯總

商務(wù)英語(BEC)高級(jí)考試范文匯總

（一）1Sample answer:(250words)

Dear Recardo

Further to our conversation of 30 March, I am writing to outline the proposed programme for your visit to our offices(12-15 April).On Thursday morning I will be at the airport to meet your flight and, assuming there are no delays, I will take you straight to your hotel so that you can check in and freshen up.As Mr Wilkins wishes to see you before the meeting, a business lunch has been arranged.We will then travel to the company in time for the meeting, scheduled to run from 14.30 to 18.00.After such a long day I suggest dinner at your hotel.Friday's meeting is due to start at 09.30.A taxi has been arranged to pick you up at the hotel at 08.50.Since the meeting lasts all day, the company will provide a working lunch.After work you will have a chance to return to your hotel before dinner at The Riverside Lodge at 20.00.Your name has been entered for the Golf Tournament(08.30 on Saturday morning).Mr Wilkins will collect you from your hotel at 08.00.After the competition there is a formal dinner with a distinguished speaker at 19.30.I look forward to meeting you on the 12th.In the meantime, please do not hesitate to contact me on 020 755 9800.Yours sincerely

XXXSample answer:(243words)

Introduction

This report sets out to examine how the company should re-invest this years profits.The areas under consideration are the purchase of new computers, the provision of language training courses and the payment of special bonuses.Areas under consideration New computers

The majority of company computers are quite new and fast enough to handle the work done on them.Consequently, new computers would not be recommended.Language training courses

The company aims to increase exports, particularly in Spain and France.Therefore, Language training courses would be an excellent idea for those employees who deal with business partners and customers overseas.In addition, training courses would increase motivation: staff would enjoy the lessons and perceive that the company in investing in them.Therefore, language training would be an option.Special bonus payments

Although special bonus payments would have a beneficial impact on motivation, they would have no direct effect on the companies operations.There are also potential problems concerning the selection of staff eligible for the payments and the setting of a precedent for future payments.Therefore, bonus payments would not be advisable.Recommendations

It is felt that the best solution for the company and staff would be to invest in language training.It is suggested that the company should organize course in French and Spanish.Those employees who have contact with partners and customers should be assured of places but other invested members of staff should also be allowed to attend.Supplier relationships Ex 3: Sample answer:(246words)

Introduction

The aim of the report is to recommend a supplier for our new range of leisurewear.A committee from the Purchasing Department was presented with a shortlist of five potential suppliers to select from.The criteria considered was price, quality, delivery and flexibility.Findings

It was found that, taking the companies' overall ratings into consideration, there was negligible difference between suppliers.Consequently, the committee decided to narrow its focus to the area considered to be of major importance for QuayWest's image, namely quality and price.Consort Trading Despite offering the best deal financially, the company is unable to guarantee garments compliant with EU standards.Samokovska Although it produces goods of an extremely high quality for exclusive markets, this supplier charge high prices,part of which would necessarily be passed on to customers.Namlong Sportswear The poor standards of craftsmanship make it difficult to justify paying the prices quoted.Shiva Trading Sample items from this supplier show an acceptable quality level.Furthermore, the deals currently on offer make it an attractive option.Hai Xin Group There is some doubt as to whether garments produced by this company would meet EU standards.In view of this, the prices appear unreasonably high.Conclusions

It was felt to be unwise to risk compromising the company's image by using suppliers of low quality goods.Similarly, using an expensive supplier could affect QuayWest's reputation for value for money.Recommendations

Consequently, it is suggested that QuayWest negotiates a contract with Shiva Trading.

第四篇：BEC中級(jí)寫作精選

BEC中級(jí)寫作范文精選

1.November 13

Dear Ms Goddard

With reference to your letter of November 3, I am writing to thank you for your kind invitation.I would be very pleased to accept your invitation to visit Oxford and see Trackplus’ production facilities.I would also be interested in meeting your colleagues at Head office, the design team in particular.I should also be delighted to accept your offer of arranging for me to see a play in the West End.Unfortunately, due to a business trip abroad, I am unable to come to England at the end of November as you suggested.However, as I feel it is important that we meet before Christmas I would be grateful if you could tell me if the second week of December would be suitable for you?

I look forward to hearing from you again.Yours sincerely

Paolo Fellini

2.MEMORANDUM

To: All members of staff, Northern Branch

From: K.J.L

Date: 5 December 2004

Subject: Personal Computers

The board urgently requires feedback on our experience with PCs in Northern Branch.I need to know, for our report:

1.What you personally use your PC for and your reasons for doing this.If you are doing work that was formerly done by other staff, please justify this.2.What software you use.Please name the programs.3.How many hours per day you spend actually using it.4.How your PC has not come up to your expectations.5.What unanticipated uses you have found for your PC, that others may want to share.Pleas fax this information directly to me by 5 p.m.on Wednesday, 7 December.If you have any queries, please contact my assistant, Jane Simmonds, who will be visiting you on Tuesday, 6 December.Thank you for your help.

第五篇：劍橋商務(wù)英語(BEC)中級(jí)詞匯（推薦）

UNIT 1 FACE TO FACE

badge noun 徽章，證章

personnel noun 人員，職員

superior noun 長者，上級(jí)

surname noun 姓

whereabouts noun 下落，行蹤

aperitif noun 開胃酒

chew over noun 考慮，詳細(xì)討論

syllable noun 音節(jié)

tricky adjective 狡猾的，機(jī)警的accountant noun 會(huì)計(jì)，會(huì)計(jì)師

application noun 應(yīng)用程序，應(yīng)用軟件

hands-on noun 有實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人

hectic adjective 忙亂的，忙碌的click verb 發(fā)出滴答聲

co-worker noun 合作者，同事

delegate noun 代表

indigestion noun 消化不良

quiz noun 測(cè)驗(yàn)

sigh verb 嘆息，嘆氣

sniff verb 用力吸氣，聞到

yawn verb 打呵欠

ballpark figure noun 約略的數(shù)字

flu noun 流感

junior adjective 下級(jí)的，地位較低的senior adjective 高級(jí)的，地位較高的sketch noun 草圖，梗概

UNIT 2 Letters，faxes and memos

attend to verb 處理，料理

proportion noun 比例，部分

envelope noun 信封

cc carbon copy 副本抄送

concise adjective 簡潔的courteous adjective 有禮貌的dot matrix printer noun 點(diǎn)陣式打印機(jī)

heading noun 標(biāo)題

house style noun 印刷風(fēng)格

letterhead noun 信箋抬頭

pp（also per pro）（簽字前）代表…

recycle verb 回收再利用

additive noun 添加劑

aroma noun 香味

extract verb 取出，榨出，摘錄

wavy adjective 波狀的，波動(dòng)的assemble verb 集合，裝配

compile verb 編輯，匯編

jeopardize verb 危害

long-standing adjective 長期的puzzled adjective 迷惑不解的submit verb 提交，遞交

UNIT 3 On the phone

mobile phone noun 移動(dòng)電話

phone booth noun 公共電話亭

telephonist noun 接線生，話務(wù)員

batch noun 一批

courier noun 導(dǎo)游，信使

prototype noun 原型

receipt noun 收到，收據(jù)

stick-on adjective涂有黏膠/可粘貼的subcontract verb分包或轉(zhuǎn)包

answering machine noun 留言機(jī)

striped adjective有條紋的subsidiary adjective 輔助/補(bǔ)充的freight noun 貨物，運(yùn)費(fèi)

dial verb 撥（電話）

extension noun 分機(jī)

laboratory noun 實(shí)驗(yàn)室

literature noun 公司宣傳資料

put sb through phrasal v為某人接通電話

switchboard noun 接線總機(jī)

break down verb 出故障

non-smoking adjective 非吸煙的stuffy adjective 通風(fēng)不良/悶人的afflict verb 使痛苦，折磨

UNIT 4 Summaries，notes，reports

physiotherapist noun 理療醫(yī)師

stand noun 攤位，看臺(tái)

procurement noun 采購，獲得

bug noun 小蟲，臭蟲，病

Repetitive Strain Injury（RSI）noun（肢體的）重復(fù)性勞損

symptom noun 癥狀

ventilate verb 使通風(fēng)

edit verb 編輯，校訂

grave adjective 嚴(yán)重的sheet noun 薄片，被單

undertake verb 承擔(dān)/答應(yīng)做某事

dash noun 破折號(hào)

deduct verb 扣除

postpone verb 推遲，延遲

punctuation mark noun 標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

apostrophe noun 撇號(hào)

brackets noun 括弧

carry out phrasal verb 執(zhí)行/完成/實(shí)現(xiàn)

colon noun 冒號(hào)

comma noun 逗號(hào)

exclamation mark noun 感嘆號(hào)

full stop noun 句號(hào)

hyphen noun 連字符

inverted commas noun 引號(hào)

oblique noun 斜線符號(hào)

parenthesis noun 圓括號(hào)

period = full stop noun 句號(hào)

quotation marks noun 引號(hào)

semicolon noun 分號(hào)

slash noun 斜線

stroke noun 一筆，筆畫

order noun 次序，順序

sequence noun次序，順序

session noun 一段時(shí)間

spot verb 認(rèn)出，發(fā)現(xiàn)

UNIT 5 Working together

pension scheme noun 養(yǎng)老金計(jì)劃或方案

aerospace adjective/noun 航空航天空間，航空航天技術(shù)（的）

beverage noun 飲料

chart noun 圖表

electronics noun 電子學(xué)

tertiary adjective 第三的array noun 排列，編隊(duì)

civil engineering noun 土木工程

cornerstone noun 奠基石，基礎(chǔ)

fledgling firm noun新公司/無經(jīng)驗(yàn)的公司

spearhead verb 領(lǐng)先/充當(dāng)先鋒

turn of the century 世紀(jì)之交

versatile adjective 萬能的/多才多藝的zest noun 強(qiáng)烈的興趣、熱情

abolish verb 廢止，廢除

in bulk 大批

component noun 組成部分/零部件

confine verb 限制

consign verb 托運(yùn)，委托

oblivion noun 遺忘

filing cabinet noun 文件柜

-fold suffix（附于數(shù)字后）表示“倍”

rewarding adjective 有益的，報(bào)答的 manual adjective 手工的/體力的 concentric adjective 同中心的counselor noun 顧問

parking lot noun 停車場(chǎng)

pyramid structure noun 金字塔結(jié)構(gòu)

scrutiny noun 詳細(xì)審查

subject someone to something phrasal verb 使某人經(jīng)歷或遭受某事物

UNIT 6 International trade

confidential adjective 機(jī)密的，秘密的hostile adjective 敵對(duì)的acquaintance noun 熟人

disabled adjective 傷殘的rationalize verb 合理化

redundant adjective 多余的substantial adjective 大量的/可觀的vehicle noun 交通工具

briefcase noun 公文包

bug noun 竊聽器

detector noun 探測(cè)器

eavesdrop verb 偷聽

device noun 裝置，發(fā)明物

interfere verb 干涉，干預(yù)

mains plural noun UK（供應(yīng)一建筑物或地方的）水源，煤氣源，電源

warranty noun（商品）保證書，保證

monitor noun 監(jiān)控器

portable adjective 輕便的/便攜式的scrambler noun 擾頻器

showroom noun（商品樣品）陳列室

volt noun 伏特

anchor noun 錨

container noun 集裝箱

handbook noun 手冊(cè)

idealize verb 理想化

passage noun 航程，旅行，旅費(fèi)

proforma（invoice）noun 形式發(fā)票

scenario noun 可能出現(xiàn)的情況

stainless steel noun 不銹鋼

unload verb 卸貨/（從相機(jī)中）取出膠卷

UNIT 7 Money matters

the brunt of 主要壓力/正面沖撞

euro cheque noun 歐洲貨幣支票

marginal adjective 少的/微不足道的prestige noun 聲望，威望

spreadsheet noun 空白表格程序，電子數(shù)據(jù)表

string noun 線，串

remittance noun 匯款，匯款額

inconsistent adjective 不一致/不協(xié)調(diào)的irrevocable adjective 不可撤銷的liquidate verb 清算

rectify verb 糾正

UNIT 8 Dealing with problems

damage verb 損害，損壞

repair verb 修理，修補(bǔ)

cable noun 電纜

misunderstand verb 誤解，誤會(huì)

mix up noun 混亂，問題

reel noun 卷軸，一卷

attorney US = lawyer noun 律師

clumsy adjective 笨拙的

inefficient adjective效率低/不能勝任的pressure noun 壓力

shortage noun 不足，缺乏

slip-up noun 疏忽，錯(cuò)誤

slip someone's mind 忘記

solicitor UK noun 律師

threat noun 威脅，恐嚇

anticipate verb 預(yù)期，期望

inconvenience noun 麻煩/不方便之處

database noun 數(shù)據(jù)庫，資料庫

format noun 版式，格式

fuss noun 忙亂，大驚小怪

graphics noun 圖形

one-stop adjective 一站式的utility noun 效用，有用

asap abbreviation for 盡快

fault noun 過錯(cuò)，毛病，故障

inadequate adjective 不充分/不恰當(dāng)?shù)膒ackage noun 包裹，包

withhold verb 使停止，抑制

A4 noun A4（紙）

negative noun（攝影等的）底片/負(fù)片

refund noun 償還額，退款

alloy noun 合金

cost-effective adjective 有成本效益的，劃算的defect noun 過失，缺點(diǎn)

eliminate verb 排除，消除

line manager noun 生產(chǎn)線管理人員

mass-produce verb 大量生產(chǎn)

reject verb 拒絕，抵制，否決

UNIT 9 Visitors and travellers

belongings plural noun 財(cái)產(chǎn)，所有物

chain smoker noun 連續(xù)抽煙的人

connect verb 連接

gate noun 大門

itinerary noun 旅行的計(jì)劃/旅行路線

platform noun 月臺(tái)，站臺(tái)，講臺(tái)

smooth adjective 順利/光滑/流暢的traffic jam noun 交通阻塞，塞車

traveller's cheque noun 旅行支票

trolley noun 電車，手推車

buffet noun 自助餐

single room noun 單人房

twin bed noun 成對(duì)的單人床之一

gallery noun 美術(shù)陳列室，畫廊

back streets noun 后街（通常指城鎮(zhèn)貧民區(qū)中狹窄的街道）

big name noun informal 要人

brief verb 事先給某人詳細(xì)介紹或指示

lake noun 湖

politician noun 政治家，政客

public transport noun公共交通/公交車輛

personality noun 名人（尤指娛樂界或體育界的）

appetizer US noun 開胃食品，開胃物

dessert noun 餐后甜點(diǎn)

entrée US noun 在正式宴席上，在魚和肉兩道主菜之間所上的菜

exaggerate verb 夸張，夸大

fudge noun 軟糖

jet lag noun 噴氣飛行時(shí)差反

main course UK noun 主菜

pie noun 餡餅

pumpkin noun 南瓜

starter UK noun 第一道菜

APEX abbreviation for Advance Purchase Excursion noun 預(yù)購遠(yuǎn)足套票

fee noun 費(fèi)，酬金

full board 全膳

lecture noun 演講，講座

overhead projector（OHP）noun 高射投影儀

refund noun 退款，償還額

self-catering adjective，noun（指假日、住宿等）自己舉炊的seminar noun 研討會(huì)

simultaneous adjective同時(shí)/同時(shí)發(fā)生的

venue noun 聚集地點(diǎn)，會(huì)場(chǎng)，（尤指）體育比賽場(chǎng)所

balcony noun 陽臺(tái)

overlook verb 俯瞰，遠(yuǎn)眺

wheelchair noun 輪椅

compensate verb 償還，補(bǔ)償

flap noun（用以覆蓋開口的或垂下的）扁平物

knock back phrasal verb 很快喝掉某物

landing gear noun（=undercarriage）（飛行器的）起落架

leaflet noun 散葉印刷品，傳單

manifesto noun 宣言，聲明

screwdriver noun 螺絲起子

sightseeing noun 觀光

soak verb 浸泡，浸透

UNIT 10 Marketing

brand noun 品牌

commercial noun（電視或無線電中的）廣告

demand verb 要求，需要

design noun 設(shè)計(jì)，圖案，花樣

distribute verb 分發(fā)，分布

end user noun 終端用戶

hire purchase noun 分期付款購買

label noun 標(biāo)簽，簽條

opportunity noun 機(jī)會(huì)，時(shí)機(jī)

outlet noun 經(jīng)銷店

PR = public relations noun 公共關(guān)系

promote verb 促進(jìn)，提升

publicity noun 宣傳，廣告

taste noun 品味

threat noun 恐嚇，威脅

benefit noun 利益，好處

cross-refer verb 前后參照

desire verb 期望，要求

feature noun 特征，特色

nostalgia noun 對(duì)往事的懷戀/懷舊

update verb 更新，使現(xiàn)代化

brochure noun 小冊(cè)子

bubble gum noun 泡泡糖

comic adjective 滑稽的/喜劇的direct mail 直接郵件/直接郵寄廣告

liqueur noun 利口酒

press release noun 新聞稿stand noun 攤位，架子

word of mouth 口頭語

break into phrasal verb 突然開始

probability noun 可能性，概率

predict verb 預(yù)言，預(yù)知

forecast noun 預(yù)見，預(yù)報(bào)

gloom noun 昏暗，憂郁，憂愁

hospitality noun 殷勤待客，好客

landscape noun 風(fēng)景，山水畫

misconception noun 錯(cuò)誤的觀念，誤解

package tour noun 一切由旅行社代辦而費(fèi)用固定的假日旅游

questionnaire noun 調(diào)查表，問卷

wilderness noun 荒野，荒地

manure noun 肥料，糞肥

trend noun 傾向，趨勢(shì)

impact noun 沖擊力/撞擊/巨大的影響

literature noun 小冊(cè)子，傳單

UNIT 11 Meetings

chair noun 主持會(huì)議的主席（的席位或職位），大學(xué)教授的職位

designate verb 指定，指派，任命

flextime noun 彈性上班制

full-time adjective，adverb 全日制的，全工作周的；全日制地，全周地

part-time adjective，adverb 兼職的/地，部分時(shí)間工作的/地

stipulate verb 規(guī)定

premise noun 前提，假定

arise verb 出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生

boundary noun 邊界，邊界線

cautious adjective 謹(jǐn)慎的，小心的crockery noun 陶器，瓦器

cutlery noun 餐具

leak verb 泄露

on the spot 當(dāng)場(chǎng)

territory noun 領(lǐng)土/版圖/地域

verbal adjective 口頭的

adjourn verb 延期，休會(huì)

duration noun 持續(xù)時(shí)間/為期

agenda noun 議程

majority noun 大半，多數(shù)

to and fro adverb 來回地，往復(fù)地

vote verb 投票決定，投票

buffet noun 自助餐

overdo verb 做得過分/過火，做作

pro rata 按比例的/地，成比例的/地

snack noun 小吃，快餐

wedding reception nun 結(jié)婚宴會(huì)

haul noun 旅程所花/某事發(fā)生所需時(shí)間

UNIT 12 Processes and operations

fax machine noun 傳真機(jī)

hard disk noun 硬盤

assortment noun 各類物品或同類各種物品的聚集，混合物

bubble noun 泡沫，氣泡

crucial adjective 至關(guān)重要的

ingredient noun（烹調(diào)用的）材料，原料，成分；因素，要素，成分

microprocessor noun 微處理器

texture noun 質(zhì)地，紋理

assembly noun 裝配，集合

facility noun 能夠或易于做某事的環(huán)境、設(shè)備等，輔助物

standby noun 備用的事物

streamline verb 使（某事物）效率更高、作用更大，精簡

coat verb 涂上，包上

drum noun 鼓形圓桶

beep verb 發(fā)嘟嘟聲，發(fā)嗶嗶聲

disconnect verb 拆開，分離

feed verb 喂養(yǎng)，提供原料

mode noun 方式，模式，樣式

slot noun 細(xì)長的孔/硬幣投幣口/狹通道

grind verb 磨碎，碾碎

roast verb 烤，烘烤

UNIT 13 Jobs and careers

acquire verb 獲得，學(xué)到

attitude noun 態(tài)度，看法

cabin crew noun 機(jī)艙工作人員

the dole noun informal 施舍品，失業(yè)救濟(jì)金

slot noun 為某人/某事物安排的位置或時(shí)間

from scratch 從零開始，從無到有，白手起家

jump at phrasal verb 欣然接受

recession noun 工商業(yè)之蕭條/不景氣

recruit verb 征募新兵/吸收新成員

transition noun 轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換，過渡

volunteer noun 志愿者/兵

ageism noun 對(duì)老年人的歧視

alleviate verb 使（痛苦等）易于忍受，減輕

aptitude noun 能力，才能

arbitrary adjective 任意的，武斷的

blanket adjective 包括一切情形或種類的，總括的，綜合的creed noun 信條

criminology noun 犯罪學(xué)，刑事學(xué)

culprit noun 犯人

CV UK noun = curriculum vitae個(gè)人簡歷

discriminate verb 歧視，區(qū)別待遇

dynamic adjective 動(dòng)力的，精力充沛的，有力的，動(dòng)態(tài)的guilt noun 罪行，內(nèi)疚

high-flyer noun 抱負(fù)極高的人，有野心的人

irrespective adjective 不顧的，不考慮的，無關(guān)的lag verb 落后于，滯后

obsessed adjective 著迷/牽掛/困擾的oppress verb 壓迫，壓抑

pressing adjective 緊迫的

prevalent adjective 普遍的，流行的résumé noun 個(gè)人簡歷

rot verb 腐爛/敗

set in phrasal verb（指雨、壞天氣、感染等）開始并可能繼續(xù)下去

sliding scale noun 滑動(dòng)費(fèi)率，滑動(dòng)折算制

steady adjective 穩(wěn)固的，穩(wěn)定的

strenuous adjective 精力充沛的，干勁十足的，必須努力的corridor noun 走廊

give [someone] a hard time phrasal verb 使某人難堪

interviewer noun 主持面試者，采訪者

panel noun 座談小組，陪審團(tuán)

promising adjective 有希望的，有前途的short list noun 決選名單

bonus noun 獎(jiǎng)金，紅利

eligible adjective 合格的/有恰當(dāng)資格的the nitty-gritty noun informal 基本事實(shí)，實(shí)情

scope noun 機(jī)會(huì)，范圍

initiative noun 主動(dòng)性/積極性/主動(dòng)權(quán)

UNIT 14 Sales and negotiation

cheat verb 欺騙，騙取

hard sell noun 硬賣/強(qiáng)行推銷

soft sell noun 軟推銷/勸買/說服式推銷

sales rep noun 銷售代表

bargain noun 契約，合同

debate noun 爭論，辯論

dispute noun 爭論/議，糾紛

appliance noun 用具，器具/械

margin noun 差額，成本與售價(jià)間的差額，利潤

remain verb 保持

encounter verb 遭遇，相遇

micro-prefix 微，微小

lens noun 透鏡，鏡片

process verb 加工，沖洗攝影膠卷

viewfinder noun（照相機(jī)的）取景器

UNIT 15 A special project

criterion noun（批評(píng)判斷的）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

expertise noun 專門技術(shù)

local authority noun 地方當(dāng)局，地方政權(quán)

microwave（oven）noun 微波爐

refurbish verb 重新裝飾，使（某物）恢復(fù)光亮

nappy noun 尿布

baked beans noun（加番茄醬等制的）烘豆

concrete jungle noun 高樓林立、烏煙瘴氣、時(shí)有暴力事件的現(xiàn)代城市、城區(qū)

down-to-earth adjective 腳踏實(shí)地的人，講求實(shí)際的人，講現(xiàn)實(shí)的人，實(shí)用物品

flight simulator noun 飛行模擬裝置，飛行模擬器

hereabouts adverb 附近，在這一帶

incentive noun 刺激，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)

interstate noun US 州際高速公路

midway adverb 在中途，在半路

no-nonsense adjective 實(shí)際的，嚴(yán)肅的pharmaceutical adjective 制藥的mall noun 購物商場(chǎng)，商業(yè)街

Victorian adjective 維多利亞女王時(shí)代的