第一篇：2014屆高三英語語法講解——情態(tài)動詞

情態(tài)動詞

概述：情態(tài)動詞表示說話人的情感態(tài)度。它有一定的實在詞義（如：能、會、可能、以前、最好、寧愿），只有謂語特性，必須和其他動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。

例如：+be done

+be doing

must+have done

+have been done

+have been doing

注意：和used(to)例外，動詞不定式要帶上”to”

一、情態(tài)動詞的用法：

1．can

1）表示能力“能夠，會”

She can drive, but she can’t ride a bicycle.Can you give me a lift to the station?

2）表示對現(xiàn)在動作或狀態(tài)進行主觀的猜測“可能、會”，或表示驚異，懷疑，不相信等態(tài)度，主要用在否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中。例如：

He can’t have a lot of money.Can it be that it was I, not he, who was mistaken?

How can you be so careless!

3）表示客觀可能性“可能”，可用于肯定句

As a human being, anyone can make a mistake.The temperature can fall to-60°C that is 60°C below freezing.4）表示允許“可以”，意思與may 相近，主要用在口語中

Can I have a look at your copy of China Daily?

This sort of thing can’t go on.5）構(gòu)成下列特殊句式：

①cannot /can never …too … 或 cannot …enough越…越好；非常．．．．．．

One cannot be too careful.I cannot thank you enough.You can’t praise him too highly.②cannot help doing …/cannot help but do …/cannot but do …禁不?。徊挥傻?；不得不 I cannot help admiring the picture whenever I look at it.When a close friend dies, you cannot but feel sad.2.could

1)表示能力,指的是過去時間

In those days few workers could support their family.I couldn’t follow the teacher in class.2)表示允許,指的是過去時間

She asked whether she could take the books out of the reading-room.3)表示可能,可以指過去時間;也可以指現(xiàn)在時間,表示語氣緩和

I didn't think the story could be true.But you mustn’t smoke while you’re walking around in the bush either.You could start a fire.He looks young.He couldn’t be over fifty.他看起來很年輕,他不可能超過五十歲.4)比較委婉客氣地提出問題或陳述看法,指的是現(xiàn)在時間

Could I see your license?

I have a few friends.I could ring to see if they’re free.Can(could)與be able to

Can(could)和be able to表示能力時意思上沒有區(qū)別.但can 只有現(xiàn)在式和過去式,而be able to 則有更多的形式.No one is able to do it.= No one can do it.Will you be able to come tonight?

I’m sorry I haven’t been able to answer your letter.She said she had not been able to come earlier.但是,在表示成功地完成某一具體動作時用be able to 來表示。這時,be able to相當于managed

to 或succeeded in doing ,表示經(jīng)過一番努力，終于能夠……。例如：

1）Were able to escape

people2）Managed to escapeinto the street.3）succeed in escaping

3．May

1)表示許諾“可以”或詢問、說明一件事。

注意：回答may 引起的問句時，否定形式用must not(禁止)，had better not(最好別)。

May I trouble you with a question?

—Could I call you by your first name ?

—Yes, you may./No, you mustn’t./No, you’d better not.2).表示表示主觀的推測“或許”，通常用在肯定句和否定句中。例如：

He may be very busy now.He may not be at home.注意：表示可能性時，can’t 語氣強表示“不可能”；may not 語氣弱，表示“可能不（或許）”。

4．might

1)表示可以做的事，指的是過去時間

He asked if he might look through my album.2）表示口氣比較婉轉(zhuǎn)客氣，指的是現(xiàn)在時間

Might I ask for a photograph of your baby?

I wonder if I might borrow some coffee.3）表示可能發(fā)生的事，可以指過去時間；也可以指現(xiàn)在時間，但表示語氣更加不肯定

She was afraid they might not like the idea.They might have a lot of work to do now but I’m not sure.5．must

1)表示必須要做的事，否定表示“禁止”

We mustn’t move someone if they are badly hurt.如果一個人受了重傷，你一定不要挪動他。注意：在回答由must 引起的問句時，如果是否定回答，不能用mustn’t ,而要用needn’t 或don’t have to ,因為mustn’t 是“不準、禁止”的意思。

--Must we send in our plan this week?--Yes ,you must.。

--No, you needn’t./ No, you don’t have to.2）表示猜測，意為“想必，準是，一定”，只用于肯定句中

This must be your room.Look at his new car.He must have a lot of money.3)表示討厭情緒“偏偏”

I am sleeping when you must turn your radio on.注意：have to 表示“必須”，“不得不”，在這個意義上與must 很接近，但must 表示的是說話人的主觀看法，而 have to表示的卻是客觀需要。另外，have to比must 有更多的形式。You must be back by ten.（命令或叮囑）

You have to be back by ten.（客觀需要）

We had to go home on foot.我們不得不走回家。

6．should和ought to “應該”

1)表示應該做的事，should 和 ought to 一般可以通用。但ought to 語氣更強些，強調(diào)“有責任，有義務做”或“按道理應該如何”；should 含有“勸告、建議”的語氣，即“按我的想法應該如何”。試比較

--I’ll start the work tomorrow.我明天開始這工作。

--Ｉthink you should start at once./ No, you ought to start at once.不行，你得立即開始。

2）表示推測，意為“想必一定，照說應該，估計”。should 和 ought to 在這一意義上含義比must 弱。試比較

Mr.Black must be home by now.（肯定）

Mr.Black ought to(should)be home by now.（不能肯定）

7．shall

1)用于第一、三人稱，構(gòu)成疑問句，表示征求對方意見或請求指示

Shall I open the window?

Shall the boy wait outside?

2)用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人的意愿，表示“命令、警告、威脅、強制、允諾、決心” You shall do as I say.（命令）

Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow.（允諾）

If you children don’t do as I tell you, you shall not go to the party.（威脅）

You shall be sorry for what you did.對你的所作所為你會感到后悔的。（警告）

Nothing shall stop us from carrying out this plan.什么也不能阻止我們實現(xiàn)這項計劃。（決心）

8．will

1)表示“意志，意愿”，可用于多種人稱 I will do anything for our soldiers.If you will read the book, I will lend it to you.如果你愿意讀這本書，我會把它借給你。

注意：從句中的will 是情態(tài)動詞，表示“意愿”；主句中的will 是助動詞，幫助構(gòu)成將來時。

2）will 在疑問句中用于第二人稱，表示詢問對方的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱?/p>

Will you open the door for me, please?

Pass me the glass, will you?遞給我杯子，好嗎？

有時，這種句子也可以是won’t you have a little more rice ?

3）表示某種傾向或習慣性動作，意為“總是會，老是，就是”；否定結(jié)構(gòu)意為“不肯、不能”。這種用法并不指將來時間，因此，不能與表示將來時間的狀語連用

Some birds will fly south when winter comes.Boys will be boys.They are always naughty.What’s the matter with the door? It won’t lock.9．would

1)是will 的過去式，表示過去時間的“意志、意愿”，可用于多種人稱

They said that they would help us.2）would指的是現(xiàn)在時間，表示說話人的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱?，語氣比will 婉轉(zhuǎn)。也可表示委婉地提出看法、請求、建議等

I would like to have a try.我想試試。

Would you like me to carry it for you? 我?guī)湍隳眠@個好嗎？

3）表示反復發(fā)生的動作或過去的一種傾向

He told me the box wouldn’t open.他告訴我盒子就是打不開。.used to

在肯定句中，used to 表示過去（曾經(jīng)）的動作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在“已不”.I used to get along very well with my cousin and we used to be very good friends.Did you use to go to the same school?

I didn’t use to smoke.John used to be a policeman, didn’t he?

Did you use to take a walk in the morning?

used to 常用來表示表示已不復存在的過去的習慣，側(cè)重與現(xiàn)在的對比，而would用來表示過去反復發(fā)生的動作。

He would go to that bookstore when he was at college.他在上大學時經(jīng)常去那個書店。

11． need

need 作為情態(tài)動詞，主要用于否定句，疑問句中。在肯定句中一般為行為動詞

Need he do it all at once? 他需要馬上做這件事嗎？

Why need you go today? 為什么你今天需要去？

I wonder if I need bring my computer.我想知道我是否需要帶上電腦。

注意：回答由need 引起的問句時，肯定回答一般用must ,否定回答時用needn’t.--Need I give you the book?

--Yes ,you must.--No ,you needn’t.need 用作及物動詞，和不定式連用，可用于各種結(jié)構(gòu)。

Does he need to know it?

The question needs to be discussed.這問題需要討論。

12.dare(dared)

dare及其過去式dared 作為情態(tài)動詞，主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件狀語從句中。Dare you go home alone?

She dare not say what she thinks.除了在I dare say … 這種習慣用語中，dare 在肯定結(jié)構(gòu)中用作情態(tài)動詞的情形是很少的。I dare say my uncle will do that.dare 還可以作及物動詞，跟不定式，用于各種結(jié)構(gòu)。否定句中to 可以省略。

We must dare to act.I did not dare(to)look up.我不敢抬頭看。

二、情態(tài)動詞的完成式（表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的情況和表示虛擬語氣）

1、must have+過去分詞，表示對已發(fā)生情況的肯定推測

My pen must have apparent the moment I walked into the room.2、can’t / couldn’t have+過去分詞，表示對已發(fā)生情況的否定推測

Mary can’t have received my letter;otherwise she would have replied before now.3、may / might have +過去分詞，表示對已發(fā)生的事情做不肯定的推測

A potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been caused by an electrician.4、needn’t have + 過去分詞，表示做了不必做的事，相當于“didn’t need to do” As it turned out to be a small house party, we needn’t have dressed up so formally.5、should have +過去分詞，表示應該做某事但實際上未做

I should have planned everything ahead carefully.6、could have +過去分詞，表示過去本來可以做但卻未做

You could have phrased it more tactfully7、may/ might have +過去分詞，表示過去可以做但實際未做

It might have been better to include more punchy statistics and photos of equipment in the introduction to further assist first-time office automation managers.三、其他

情態(tài)動詞must ,can/could ,may /might表推測句子的反義問句的構(gòu)成。要先將情態(tài)動詞去掉按照常規(guī)句子的方式進行變換。例如：

He must be working in the office now, isn’t he?

Tom may have missed the bus again, hasn’t he?

Jack can’t have arrived this morning, did he?

如果是祈使句，則都變成 will sb？

情態(tài)動詞DCDAA CBBDB CBBB

虛擬語氣補充DBCAA BCDDA CDADA BBDAB

第二篇：高三情態(tài)動詞專項

高三情態(tài)動詞專項

1.Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy;they___ just be quiet people.A.must B.may C.should D.would

2.—Why____you be talking so loudly while others are studying?

–--I am terribly sorry.A.shall B.must C.will D.may

3.—Where will you start your work after graduation?

—Um,it’s not been decided yet.I_____continue my study for a higher degree.A.must B.need C.would D.might

4.--___it be Tom that stole the manager’s mobile phone?

---No,as far as I know,Tom is very honest.A.May B.Can C.Must D.Should

5.Traffic safety is so important that everyone___take safety measures too seriously.A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.cannot D.won’t

6.Peter____be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.A.shall B.should C.can D.must

7.You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman_____be so rude to a lady.A.might B.need C.should D.would

8.---The work will take me another week.I’m really tired.—I think you___ as well go to ask an experienced worker for some advice.A.may B.can C.need D.must

9.—That must be a mistake.—No,it_____a mistake.A.must not beB.needn’t be C.cannot be D.would not be

10.He was a good runner so he__ escape from the police.A.might B.succeeded to C.would D.was able to

11.A dog ran in front of my mother’s car and she___ stop very quickly.A.ought to B.had better C.must D.had to

12.I didn’t hear the phone.I____asleep.A.must be B.should be C.must have been D.should have been

13.---I saw Mr Sun at Tongyu Station this morning.—You____.He’s still on holiday in Hawaii.A.couldn’t have B.mustn’t have C.shouldn’t D.needn’t

14.--What has happened to George?

—I don’t know.He____lost.A.can have got B.may have got C.might get D.could get

15.Many people___to his home as he keeps a big dog.A.not dare go B.dare not go C.not dare to go D.dare not to go

16.I don’t think he could have done so much homework last night,____?

A.do I B.could he C.has he D.did he

17.You ___late for yesterday’s class meeting,as it was so important.A.couldn’t be B.shouldn’ t beC.mustn’t have been D.oughtn’t to have been

18.—The Chinese athletes did extremely well in the Olympics.—Yes,they____well,or they____ such great achievement.A.must have been trained;couldn’t have gotB.must have trained;could have got

C.must have been trained;mustn’t have gotD.should have trained;couldn’t have got

19.As you know,although there are no classes on weekends now,no students___go out of the schoolwithout the headteacher’s permission.A.will B.must C.may D.shall

20.Many women___ a good salary,but they chose to stay at home for the family.A.must make B.must have made C.should make D.could have made

21.—Why hasn’t Mr.Green showed up at the meeting yet?

—I’m not sure,but he___ in a traffic jam driving here.A.could be caughtB.might be caughtC.might have been caught D.must have caught

第三篇：高考情態(tài)動詞

2000 ~ 2005 年高考題匯編

情 態(tài) 動 詞

1.Sorry I'm late.I ________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.（2000北京春季）（A）

A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will

2.I was really anxious about you.You_________ home without a word.（01全國）（B）

A.mustn’t leaveB.shouldn’t have leftC.couldn’t have leftD.needn’t leave

3.— Write to me when you get home.— _________（01北京春季）（C）

A．I mustB．I shouldC．I willD．I can

4.— Is John coming by train?

— He should, but he _________ not.He likes driving his car.（02全國）【Ｄ】Ａ．mustＢ．canＣ．needＤ．may

5.― I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.― It ______ true because there was little snow there.（02北京）（C）

A.may not beB.won’t beC.couldn’t be

D.mustn’t be 6.— I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins — Yes, certainly.（02北京春季）（B）I have a look?

A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should

7.A left luggage office is a place where bagsbe left for a short time, especially at a railway station.（03全國卷）（B）

A．should B．can C．must D．will

8.— The room is so dirty.we clean it?

— Of course.（03北京春季）（B）

A．Will B．Shall C．Would D．Do

9.---Who is the girl standing over there?

---Well, if you______ know, her name is Mabel.（04天津）(C)

A may B can C must D shall

10.“The interestbe divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.（04重慶）(D)

A.may B.should C.must D.shall

11.---I don't mind telling you what I know.---Y.I'm not asking you for it.（04江蘇）(D)

A.mustn'tB.may notC.can'tD.needn’t

12.I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.（04浙江）(A)

A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could

13.---I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.---You________ her last week.（04福建）(D)

A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told

14.I often see lights in that empty house.Do you think I _____ report it to the police?（04廣西）（A）

A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can

15.Mr.White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up.（04廣西）（A）

A.should have arrivedB.should arrive

C.should have had arrived D.should be arriving

16.---Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.---You ______ have my computer if you don't take care of it.（04湖南）（A）

A.shan't B.might notC.needn'tD.shouldn't

17.— Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?

— Sorry, I am not sure.But it be.（04湖北）(A)

A．mightB．will C．mustD．can

18.---Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock..I go out and play with Tom

for a while?

---No, I’m afraid not.Besides, it’s raining outside now.（04遼寧）(A)

A．Can’tB．Wouldn’tC．May notD．Won’t

19.Children under 12 years of age in that country ________ be under adult supervision when is a

public library.（04上海）(A)

A.mustB.mayC.canD.need

20.---Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?

---No, it______ be him---I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.（04全國I）(A)

A can’t B must not C won’t D may not

21.You ______ be tired---you’ve only been working for an hour.（04全國II）(C)

A must not B won’t be C can’t D may not

22.---Tom graduated from college at a very young age.---Oh, he______ have been a very smart boy then.（04全國IV）（D）

A could B should C might D must

23.You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _______ not like the design of the furniture.（04上海春季）（C）

A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need

24.He __________ have completed his work;otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the

seaside.(05北京卷)(B)

A.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t

25.He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.（05山東卷）(A)

A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need

26.---I've taken someone else's green sweater by mistake.---It ______ Harry's.He always wears green.(05廣東卷)(D)

A.has to beB.will beC.mustn't beD.could be

27.— Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.— Well.Hehave gone far—his coat’s still here.（05湖北卷）(C)

A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t

28.If Iplan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much

of it as possible.（05湖北卷）(B)

A．would B．could C．had to D．ought to

29.---Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.---She ______.I've already borrowed one.（05湖南卷）(C)

A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't

30.The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him ___ I did.（05湖南卷）(A)

A.as much asB.as long asC.as soon asD.as far as

31.— Tom is never late for work.Why is he absent today?

— Something ________ to him.(05江西卷)(D)

A．must happenC．could have happened B．should have happened D．must have happened

32.John, look at the time._______ you play the piano at such a late hour?（05全國卷3）(B)

A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need

33.Tom, youleave all your clothes on the floor like this!（05全國卷1）(B)

A．wouldn’tB．mustn’tC．needn’tD．may not

34.There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.（05上海卷）(C)

A.mustn’tB.shan’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t

35.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it

_________be very slow.（05浙江卷）(D)

A．should B．mustC．willD．can

36.I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car.They ____ at least 150

kilometers an hour.（05重慶卷）(B)

A.should have been doingB.must have been doing

C.could have doneD.would have done

37.I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened.（05天津卷）(B)

A.shouldn'tB.couldn'tC.mustn'tD.needn't

38.Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.（05安徽卷）(C)

A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can

39.This cake is very sweet.You __________ a lot of sugar in it.（05遼寧卷）(D)

A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put

40.---The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she

returned.---Oh, dear!She _______ a lot of difficulties!(05江蘇卷)(D)

A.may go throughB.might go through

C.ought to have gone throughD.must have gone through

41.I have lost one of my gloves.I ________ it somewhere.（05北京春季）（B）

A.must drop B.must have dropped

C.must be dropping D.must have been dropped

第四篇：情態(tài)動詞教案

情態(tài)動詞

【考綱解讀】

情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣有千絲萬縷的聯(lián)系，它們往往放在一起考查。在近年高考題中，對情態(tài)動詞的考查幾乎每年都有縱觀近幾年的高考題可以看出，高考對情態(tài)動詞的考查熱點依次是：（1）推測和可能性；（2）“情態(tài)動詞+have done”結(jié)構(gòu)表示猜測或表示虛擬語氣；（3）shall, should, can, must表示特定語氣。尤其是對“情態(tài)動詞+have done”結(jié)構(gòu)的考查頻率較高。試題的情景設置往往生動、真實，但考查的角度趨于細微化和綜合化，有效信息較為隱蔽，這就決定了情態(tài)動詞題是難題之一。情態(tài)動詞題每年都考，所以本專題在高考中的重要地位是顯而易見的。因而在復習中應引起高度重視，且依筆者之見，來年高考中對情態(tài)動詞考查的可能性依然非常大?！局R要點】

一、情態(tài)動詞的語法特征

1.情態(tài)動詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，只表示期待或估計某事的發(fā)生。2.情態(tài)動詞 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不帶to 的不定式。3.情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱、數(shù)的變化，即情態(tài)動詞第三人稱單數(shù)不加-s。4.情態(tài)動詞沒有非謂語形式，即沒有不定式，分詞等形式。

二、情態(tài)動詞的基本用法 1.比較can 和be able to 1)can could 表示能力；可能(過去時用could)，只用于現(xiàn)在時和過去時(could)。be able to可以用于各種時態(tài)。

They will be able to tell you the news soon.他很快就能告訴你消息了。2)只用be able to中情況： 位于助動詞后； 情態(tài)動詞后；

表示過去某時刻動作時； 用于句首表示條件；

表示成功地做了某事時，只能用was/were able to，不能用could。He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.=He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)前，他就逃離歐洲了。

注意：could，在否定，疑問句中表示推測或懷疑。表示提出委婉的請求（注意在回答中不可用could）。

—Could I have the television on? —Yes，you can./No，you can’t.He couldn’t be a bad man.他不大可能是壞人。2.比較may和might

1)表示允許或請求；表示沒有把握的推測；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。May God bless you!愿上帝保佑你！He might be at home.他有可能在家。

注意：might 表示推測時，不表示時態(tài)。只是可能性比may 小。

2)may/might as well，后面接不帶to 的不定式，意為“不妨，還是……好”。You may(might)as well tell me the truth.你還是對我說實話好。3.比較have to和must

1)兩詞都是“必須”的意思，have to 表示客觀的需要，must 表示說話人主觀上的看法，即主觀上的必要。

My brother was very ill，so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請來。(客觀上需要做這件事)

He said that they must work hard.他說他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事）

2)have to有人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。

He had to look after his sister yesterday.昨天他不得不照看他的妹妹。3)在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中：

don’t have to 表示“不必”（可以不可以都行）；mustn’t表示“禁止” You don’t have to tell him about it.你不必把此事告訴他。You mustn’t tell him about it.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。4.must表示推測

1)must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測，意為“一定”。

2)must表對現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測時，must 后面通常接系動詞be 的原形或行為動詞的進行式。

You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（對現(xiàn)在情況的推測判斷）He must be working in his office.他一定在辦公室工作呢。比較：He must be staying there.他現(xiàn)在肯定在那里。He must stay there.他必須待在那里。

3)must 表示對已發(fā)生的事情的推測時，must 要接完成式。I didn’t hear the phone.I must have been asleep.我剛才沒有聽到電話，我想必是睡著了。

4)must表示對過去某時正發(fā)生的事情的推測，must 后面要接不定式的完成進行式?！猈hy didn’t you answer my phone call?

—Well，I must have been sleeping，so I didn’t hear it.5)否定推測用can’t。

If Tom didn’t leave here until five o’clock，he can’t be home yet.如果湯姆五點才離開這兒，他此時一定還未到家。5.表示推測的用法

can，could，may，might，must 皆可表示推測，其用法如下： 1)情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形

表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r的推測，此時動詞通常為系動詞。I don’t know where she is，she may be in Wuhan.我不知道她在哪兒，她可能在武漢。2)情態(tài)動詞+動詞現(xiàn)在進行時

表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)碚谶M行的情況進行推測。

At this moment，our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.這時，我們老師想必在批改試卷。

3)情態(tài)動詞+動詞完成時表示對過去情況的推測。

We would have finished this work by the end of next December.明年12月底前我們很可能已完成這項工作了。The road is wet.It must have rained last night.地是濕的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。

4)情態(tài)動詞+動詞的現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示對過去正在發(fā)生事情的推測。Your mother must have been looking for you.你媽媽一定一直在找你。

5)推測的否定形式，疑問形式用can’t，couldn’t表示。

Mike can’t have found his car，for he came to work by bus this morning.邁克一定還沒有找回他的車，因為早上他是坐公共汽車來上班的。

注意：could，might表示推測時不表示時態(tài)，其推測的程度不如can，may。6.情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞

1)may(might)have+done sth.can(could)have+done sth.表示過去，推測過去時間里可能發(fā)生的事情。

Philip may(might)have been hurt seriously in the car accident.飛利浦在那場車禍中有可能傷的很嚴重。

2)must have+done sth.對過去時間里可能發(fā)生的事情的推測，語氣較強，具有“肯定”“諒必”的意思。

—Linda has gone to work，but her bicycle is still here.—She must have gone by bus.3)ought to have done sth.／should have done sth.本應該做某事，而事實上并沒有做。否定句表示“不該做某事而做了”。

He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事實上已扔了。）ought to 在語氣上比should 要強。4)needn’t have done sth.本沒必要做某事 I dressed very warmly for the trip，but I needn’t have done so.The weather was hot.那次旅行，我穿的非常暖和，但我本沒有必要那么去做。天太熱了。5)would like to have done sth.本打算做某事

I would like to have read the article，but I was very busy then.我本想讀那本書，但我那時太忙了。7.should 和ought to

should 和ought to 都為“應該”的意思，可用于各種人稱。—Ought he to go?

—Yes.I think he ought to.表示要求，命令時，語氣由 should（應該），had better最好），must（必須）漸強。8.had better表示“最好”

had better 相當于一個助動詞，它只有一種形式，它后面要跟動詞原形。had better do sth.最好干某事

had better not do sth.最好不干某事

had better have done sth.表示與事實相反的結(jié)果，意為“本來最好”。9.would rather表示“寧愿” would rather do 寧可干某事

would rather not do 寧可不干某事 would rather...than...寧愿……而不愿

還有would sooner，had rather，had sooner都表示“寧愿”“寧可”的意思。I would rather stay here than go home.=I would stay here rather than go home.我寧可待在這兒也不回家。

10.will和would

1)would like；would like to do=want to 想要，為固定搭配。Would you like to go with me?你想和我一塊兒去嗎？

2)Will you...? Would you like...?表示肯定含義的請求勸說時，疑問句 中一般用some，而不是any。

Would you like some cake?要蛋糕嗎？

3)否定結(jié)構(gòu)中用will，一般不用would，won’t you是一種委婉語氣。Won’t you sit down?你不坐嗎? 11.情態(tài)動詞的回答方式

must和need相同:Yes,...must.No,...needn't/don't have to may和can could相同:Yes,...may/can/could.No,...mustn't/...'d better not/can't.shall:Yes,...can/may.No,...can't.should:Yes,...should.No,...shouldn't.will和would差不多:Yes,...do/will.No,...won't/thanks.典型例題

1）---Could I borrow your dictionary?---Yes,of course,you____.A.might B.will C.can D.should 答案C.could表示委婉的語氣,并不為時態(tài).答語中of course,表示肯定的語氣,允許某人做某事時,用can和 may來表達,不能用could或might.復習：will 與you連用,用來提出要求或下命令.should與you 連用,用來提出勸告.2）---Shall I tell John about it?---No,you ___.I've told him already.A.needn't B.wouldn't C.mustn't D.shouldn't 答案A.needn't 不必,不用.wouldn't 將不,mustn't 禁止、不能.shouldn't 不應該.本題為不需要,不必的意思,應用needn't.3）---Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.---______.A.I don't B.I won't C.I can't D.I haven't 答案B.will既可當作情態(tài)動詞,表請求、建議、也可作為實義動詞表“意愿、意志、決心”,本題表示決心,選B.12.比較need和dare

一、need表示“需要”或“必須”，作情態(tài)動詞時，僅用于否定句或疑問句中，在肯定句中一般用must,have to,ought to，或should代替。多用在否定式或疑問句中.1.Need I attend the meeting tomorrow?

我需要明天參加會議嗎? 2.You need not hand in the paper this week.這一周你不必交論文。

need 是一個情態(tài)動詞，他的用法完全和其他情態(tài)動詞一樣，但 need 還可當作實義動詞使用，這時 need 就象其他動詞一樣，有第三人稱，單復數(shù)，后面加帶 to 的動詞等特性。1.I need a bike to go to school.我上學需要一輛自行車。2.Do you need a dictionary? 你需要詞典嗎? 3.She needs a necklace.她需要一條項鏈。

needn't + have + 過去分詞 表示過去做了沒必要做的事情。You needn't have taken it seriously.這件事情你不必太認真。

二、Dare表示“敢”，Dare作情態(tài)動詞時，主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件從句中，一般不用在肯定句中。多用在否定或疑問句中。1.The little girl dare not speak in public.小女孩不敢在公眾面前說話。2.Dare you catch the little cat? 你敢抓小貓嗎? dare 除用作情態(tài)動詞外，更多的是當實義動詞使用，用法同實義動詞一樣，要考慮人稱，單復數(shù)，時態(tài)等。

1.Do you dare to walk in the dark? 你敢黑夜走路嗎？

2.He doesn't dare to tell the teacher what happened that day.他不敢告訴老師那天發(fā)生的事。

三、Dare和need常用作實義動詞，有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，所不同的是，作實義動詞時，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接帶to的不定式，在否定和疑問句中，dare后面可接帶to或不帶to的不定式。如：

I dare to swim across this river.He does not dare(to)answer.Don't you dare(to)touch it!I wondered he dare(to)say that.He needs to finish it this evening.另外need 的被動含義：need，want，require，worth（形容詞）后面接doing，也 可以表示被動：need doing=need to be done Shall用于第一人稱,表示征求對方的意愿.如：What shall we do this evening? 2.Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中,表示說話人征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵?如：Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital? 3.Shall用于第二、第三人稱,表示說話人給對方命令、警告、允諾或威脅.如：You shall fail if you don't work harder.（警告）He shall have the book when I finish reading.（允諾）He shall be punished.（威脅）

第五篇：情態(tài)動詞專項

情態(tài)動詞專項

1.can

①（表能力）能…，會…

She can drive, but she can’t ride a bike.A computer can’t think for itself.(不會思考)

②（可能，許可）能夠…，可以…

The noise outside has stopped , now I can get down to my study.--Can I use your telephone?--Yes, of course, you can.You can go out to play when you do away with your homework.③有時會…，偶爾…，The climate of East China can be pretty cold in winter.Jogging can be harmful for the health.Even experienced teachers can make mistakes.London could be rather cold in summer while I stayed there.④（表溫和的命令）請做…，得…

I’ll do the cooking, and you can do the washing.（請你去洗衣服）

You can go now.⑤（表示猜測）可能…

Can he be working till so late?

Who can it be at this time of day?

Can it be Tom? No, it can’t be Tom.He is busy these days, so he can’t come today.can 與be able to 的區(qū)別：

The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but everyone was able to get out.(強調(diào)設法干成某事)

2.shall

?用于一三人稱的問句中，表示征求對方的意見

Shall I shut the window? Yes, please.Shall she go to the concert with us this evening?

Shall they come in?

Shall we go out for a walk?

?用于二三人稱，表示命令，允諾，警告，威脅，強制

①You shall go to the front at once.(命令)

②Don’t worry.You shall get the answer this afternoon.（允諾）

③I promise she shall get a nice present on her birthday.（允諾）

④He shall be punished.威脅

⑤You shall listen to me.(命令)

⑥The interest(利益利潤)shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides.(命令法規(guī))

⑦It has been announced that candidates(候選人)shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.（表按規(guī)定）

3.must

?必須

I must keep my word.You must get up much earlier.?不必needn’t/don’t have to

--Must I wash the dishes at once?

--No, you needn’t./don’t have to.?mustn’t 禁止，不許

You mustn’t play with the knife.Cars mustn’t be parked here.--May I use your pen?

--No, you mustn’t

?（表必然性）必定

Everyone must die.?（表固執(zhí)，不滿等）偏要硬要

Our there-year-old boy must do the opposite to what we ordered.Just when I was busy, the neighbor must come and chat.Why must you be so stubborn(倔強的)?

If you must know, I’m going to help him look for an apartment.4.should

? 應該

You should apologize to him.We should attend the meeting.?（表預期）按理會…，想必會…，一定會…

The concert should be great fun.The photos should be ready by 12:00.The old man is always hunting the lions, so terrible things should happen to him.?（表驚訝，遺憾）竟然居然

I’m glad that your story should speak in such a way.I wonder that a person like him should make such a mistake.It’s a pity that he should resign.?（用于條件狀語從句中）一旦，萬一

If she should know the truth, she would be depressed.If you should change your mind, let us know.Ask him to call me up if you should see him.?（用于lest, for fear that, in case引導的句子）以免，唯恐

She gave me a list just in case I should forget what to buy.He ran away lest he should be caught.He gets up early for fear that he should miss it.5.would

①(表過去的習慣行為)常常經(jīng)常

When I was a child, I would often go skiing.We would stay up all night talking about our future.Every morninghe would go for a walk.When he was here, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work everyday.區(qū)別used to do sth過去常常

I use to be a waiter, but now a taxi driver.There used to be a cinema here before the war.Our country isn’t what it used to be.②（表示說話者的厭煩焦躁）老是偏要

That’s exactly like Susie.She would come to me just when I was busy.(老是在我忙碌時來找我)

I told him not to go, but he would not listen.（可他偏不聽）

③（用于if 從句）愿意樂意

If you would go there instead of me, I should be very glad.如果你愿意代替我去那兒，我會很高興的。

You could win if you would try要是你愿意嘗試，你會贏的④（用于否定句中，主語一般是事物，表某事物暫時的特性）就是不能 That window wouldn’t open.That morning my car wouldn’t start.When I called on him this morning, his dog wouldn’t let me in.The door won’t open.The car won’t start.The doctor knows I won’t be operated on.⑤（表示推測）大概，大約

That would be his father.那大概設他父親。

You would be about 10 years old then.你那時大概10歲。

It would be about ten when they left.I thought she would have told you about it.6.需特別注意：

①may well do sth =be very likely to do sth(很可能，完全能)

may as well do sth = had better do sth

② would like to have done

= would love to have done

= was/were to have done(本來想做…，本來打算做…)

③ had better have done sth（當時已做了…就好了）

④ must have done sth（肯定干過某事）

⑤ can have done sth可能已干過…

can’t have done sth不可能干過…，肯定沒干過…

⑥could have done sth本來能夠干 …，可能已干過…

⑦ may /might have done sth也許已經(jīng)干過…，⑧should have done sth

=ought to have done sth本來應該干…

⑨needn’t have done sth本不必做…

⑩would rather have done sth寧愿干過…

would rather not have done sth寧愿沒干過…

好成績是練出來的：

1.A left –luggage office is a place where bags ____ be left for a short time , especially at a railway station.A shouldB canC must D will

2.How ___ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?

A canB mustC needD may

3.--There’s no light on.--they ___ be at home.A can’tB mustn’tC needn’tD shouldn’t

4.Some aspects of a pilots job ___ be boring ,and pilots often ___ work at in convenient hours.A can, have toB may, canC have to, mayD ought to, must

5.He didn’t agree with me at first, but I ____ persuade him to sign the agreement later.A couldB mightC ought to Dwas able to

6.If I ____ plan to do anything I wanted to, I’d like to go to Tibet and…

A wouldB couldC had toD ought to

7.The World Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Walt because it ___ be very slow.A shouldB mustC will D can.8.—Is Jack on duty today?

--It ___ be him.It’s his turn tomorrow.A can’tB mustn’tC needn’tD won’t

9.I____ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.A couldn’tB mustn’tC needn’tD shouldn’t

10.—I have taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.--It ___ Harry’s.He always wears green.A has toB will beC must beD could be

11.You ____ be tired , you have only been working for an hour.A can’tB mustn’tC may notD won’t

12.—Do you know where David is ?I couldn’t find him anywhere.--Well, he ___ have gone far.His coat is still here.A can’tB mustn’tC may notD won’t

13.—Can I pay the bill by check?

--Sorry, sir.But it is the payment shall be made in cash.A shallB mustC will D can.14.—Could I have a word with you, mum?

--Oh, dear, if you ____.A shouldB mustC may D can.15.Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter ___ go and do the opposite.A shouldB mustC may D can.16.—Who is the girl standing over there?

--Well, if you ___ know, her name is Mabel.A shallB mustC may D can.17.John, look at the time.___ you play the piano at such a late hour?

A NeedB MustC May D Can.18._____ you need any help, you can phone me at the office.A WouldB ShouldC CouldD Had

19.—I’m afraid I will be too busy to go with you.--Well, I’ll keep a seat for you in case you ___ change your mind.A shouldB mayC will D can.20.If anything __ happen to me, please give this letter to my head teacher.A couldB mustC wouldD should

21.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ____ a sudden loud noise.A being thereB should there beC there wasD there having been

22.—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.--They ___ be ready by 12:00.A shouldB mightC need D can.23.It’s nearly seven o’clock.Jack ___ be here at any moment.A shouldB mustC need D can.班級________姓名_____________

1-5 ___________________2-10___________________11-15_________________

16-20__________________21-23_______