第一篇：漢英翻譯技巧----譯者的精鋼鉆 第六節(jié), 長(zhǎng)句翻譯,答案。

1.（1）If we can become clear on all these problems,we shall arrive at a fundamental understanding of materialist dialectics.The problems are:the two world outlooks,the universality of contradiction ,the particularity of contradiction ,the principal contradiction and the principal aspect of a contradiction ,the identity and struggle of the aspects of a contradiction ,and the place of antagonism in contradiction.(原序法)

（2）The Central committee is of the opinion that these reforms should be carried out step by step according to the inherent connections between the various links of the national economy aswell as the degree fo ripening of the subjuective and objective conditions and in the right order of importance ,urgency and feasibility,and that they should basically be accomplished in about five years（原序法）

（3）According to Zhang Zhaogen,deputy curatorof Suzhou Museum,the unearthed debris is believed to be fragments of unused porcelain items which were thrown away near the wall by traders after transportation damage had been spotted.(變序法)

（4）Shaoxing lies to the south of the Qiantang River on the Ningbo-Shaoxing plain with a warm climate and fertile soil.Rich in natural resources,it has long been known as a “l(fā)and of fish and rice”.I t is also known as an”O(jiān)riental Venice”or a “City of Bridges”,for it abounds in rivers and lakes.(變序法)

(5)The units that engage in purchasing the industrial waste and used metalsshall appyto the public security sub-bureau or county bureau at their place of business for examination,pass the examination ,and obtain the permit for special business issued by the Municipal Public Security Bureau.(變序法)

(6)Where a unit or individual, in violation of paragraph 1 of Article 3 of these Measures,illegally purchases waste and used industrial metals,the authorities concerned shall stop his business and confiscate the illegally ourchased articles ,and the illegally obtained profits;it may also impose a fine of not less than Renminbi 5,000 yuan but not more than Renminbi 10,000 yuan on the unit or the person directly responsible.(變序法)

（7）We must press forward with the reform in the foreign trade regime.Conglomeration----forming allies with farming,manufacturing,or scientific research with foreign trade as the locomotive/ flagship---point the way ahead to strngthened competitiveness(確定主謂)

（8）Maglev floats in the air,supported by the force of the immensely poweful magnets.Instead of rolling on rails ,it actually flies ,using magnets for propulsion.Unhindered by any friction except wind resisitance, the maglev can attain speeds unheard of in ordinary land travel.(確定主謂)

(9)Cultural exchanges among historical and culturally significant cities,whose respectiv cultural features and individuality are their unique and invaluable symbols, will greatly contribute to the sustainable development and prosperity of their cultures.(確定主謂)

(10)West Zhuzhou, a National Hi-tec Development Zone as well as an economically fastgrowing urban area ,aims hgh in terms of environmental, economical and social development.Undoubtedly East Lake Sewage Plant is a good investment programme.(確定主謂)

2按括號(hào)中的要求把下列各句譯成英語

（1）All of them arecommon ppeople who have been widely praised by people of all walks of

life for their unusual deeds---they went so far as to say gooo-bye to their bosses,therefore lost their jobs for sake of conscience ,personality and national integrity and dignity(重心

前移)

（2）The Scientific Outlook on Development is a continuation and development of the

important thoughts on development advanced by the previoustherss generations of central collective leadership of the CPC and a concentrated expression of the Marxist world outlook and methodology with regard to development.It is scientific theory that is in the same line as Marxism-Leninsim,MaoZedong Thought,Deng Xiaoping Theory and the improtant thought of Three Represents and keeps uo with the times.It is an important guiding principle for China’s economic and social developmengt and a major strategic thought that we must uphold and apply in developing socialismwith C hinese characteristics(重心前移)

（3）It has been four years since this Government took office.These four years have taught us

one thing :We must be guided by the fundamental principle that all the power of the government is bestowed on us by the people and that all the power belongs to the people.重心前移)

（4）The U UKE OF s heh asked Tsze-lu about Confucius, and Tsze-lu did not answer him.The

Master said “Why did you not say to him,---He is simply a man,who in his eager pursuit(of knowledge)forgers his food ,who in the joy of its attainment forgets hissorrow ,and who does not perceive that old age is coming on ?”(形合法)

（5）Suddenly Ah Qian came along,humming an aria from a local opera,his shoulders slung

with a sickle, a carrying pole and some ropes.Seeing that I was listless,he stopped and stuck up a chat with me(形合法)

（6）Early in ancient China ,there were noble –minded people who would die of their thirsty

rather than drink water form stealth-spring, who would die fo hunger rather than eat food handed out in contempt(行合法)

（7）At other times you may be so occupied with your work or socail intercourse as to have no

time for books.Then you can peacefully listen to wisemen of all times,enriching yourself with their ideas, and enlarging your stock of knowledge.Or you can draw a pictre,or arrange Chinese chess for a near-end game.If you are in the mood ,you may as well open an album and let the photos bring back memories of those now far away ,Aren’t any of these a real pleasure in life(行合法)

（8）The Western Hills,about 15km from Kunming, is lovated on the edge of Dianchi Lake in

the wetern suburbs of Kunming.It is stretching from north to south for 40kilometers with an altitude of some 2,500 meters above sea level.(綜合法)

（9）During the period of the 11 Five-Year plan,China will add 17,000 km length of railways

with the total reaching 100,000 km by the year 2020.By then the purchasing of train tickets will be made much easier.The current speed increases to over 200 km/h is a breakthrouhgh on the basis of China’s maxium speed on the existing rail routes,which is the highest rail speed currently operating in the world.This means that there sill be no more large-scale speed-up exercises on China’s exitsting railway lines(綜合法)

（10）All the seats on the D-prefaced streamlines train seats are soft swivel chairs.Not only is

the seat’s reclining position adjustable, but passengers can opt to turn their seats to keep in the direction of the train or to face the persons sitting behind them.This is especially appealing to friends,families,co-workers and classmates traveliing together(綜合法)

將下列段落譯成英語

The Chinese nation has never believed in human supremacy.And the notion finds full expression in the philosophy,literature and art that humans coexist with other species in nature with a proportionallyproper rather than an absolutely dominant position.Therefore we generally suffer less depression than Westerners ,as the degree of the suffering varies with that of our desire and ambition.People in the agricultural society have much less enjoyment than thosein the industrial society,and hence less desire.Moreover, the main Chinese ancient philosophy of life is always tobe free from encumbrance of enslavement of the outside world.Certainly there are among us misers who ,however ,pale in the presence of the misers and careerists depictaed by Moliere and Balzac.In comparison with Westerners,the Chinese people easier to be satisfied, are mostly unbiased,peaceful, unworldly and guileless.

第二篇：漢英翻譯技巧

漢英翻譯技巧

第一節(jié) 漢語無主語句的英譯處理

一、祈使句對(duì)應(yīng)為祈使句

e.g.小心輕放。

Handle with care.量體裁衣，看菜吃飯。Fit the dress to the figure and fit the appetite to the dishes.寧為雞首，不為牛后。Better be the head of an ass than the tail of a horse.二、采用英語的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)譯出 采用英語被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯的漢語無主語句一般的情況：一是某些表示事物存在的無主語句；二是有些句子突出賓語部分，在翻譯時(shí)可以不用補(bǔ)出主語而用原句中的賓語來充當(dāng)主語。e.g.這兒將修建更多的居民大樓。More apartments will be built here.利用發(fā)電機(jī)，可以將機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殡娔堋?/p>

The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by a generator.在合同中，詳細(xì)地規(guī)定了雙方必須履行的各種條件。

In the contract, all kinds of conditions which both sides should follow were laid down in detail.沒有愛心，就無法了解人生。

Life cannot be understood without much charity.三、采用倒裝語序 e.g.地下埋藏著大量的金銀。

Hidden underground is a wealth of gold and silver.隨著一聲吼叫，忽的從樹林里竄出一只老虎來。

Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes.山里住著個(gè)老和尚。

In the mountain lived on an old monk.四、采用 THERE BE 結(jié)構(gòu) 例句：沒有順利，無所謂困難；沒有困難，也無所謂順利。

Without facility, there would be no difficulty;without difficulty, there would also be no facility.剩下的時(shí)間不多了。There is very little time left.蘿卜白菜，各有所愛。

There is no accounting for taste.無水則無魚。

Without water there would be no fish.樓下有人想和你說話。

There is a man downstairs who wants to speak to you.you are wanted downstairs.五、采用 IT 作主語譯出

例句：要解決問題，還必須做系統(tǒng)、周密的調(diào)查工作和研究工作。

In order to solve the problem it is necessary to make a systematic and thorough investigation and study.與自然作斗爭(zhēng)，倍感快樂。It is a great joy to battle against nature.活到老學(xué)到老。

It is never too old to learn.子曰：學(xué)而時(shí)習(xí)之，不亦說乎？有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來，不亦樂乎？

Confucius said, is it not a pleasure after all to practice in due time what one has learnt? Is it not a delight after all to have friends come from afar?

六、增添適當(dāng)?shù)拇~或名詞充當(dāng)主語 例句： 知彼知己，百戰(zhàn)不殆。

If you know your enemy and yourself, you can fight a hundred battles without peril.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

If one does not enter the tiger’s den, how can he get a tiger’s cub.六、因文制宜，區(qū)別對(duì)待

例句：未經(jīng)審批機(jī)關(guān)批準(zhǔn)，合同中不得規(guī)定禁止接受方在合同期滿后繼續(xù)使用技術(shù)的條款。

Unless approval has been obtained from the examining and approving organ, a contract shall not include provisions prohibiting the recipient from continuing to use the technology after the expiry of the contract term.由于英語被接受為聯(lián)合國(guó)的官方語言之一，這就使英語在國(guó)際外交場(chǎng)合使用得更為廣泛了。

The use of English in international diplomacy is strengthened by its acceptance as one of the official languages of the U.N.說明白了一切，就再無奧妙可言了。It will leave nothing in obscurity;everything is seen.Exercises: 1.要適可而止，否則就要完蛋。

2.不遠(yuǎn)處傳來了提琴的聲音，調(diào)子哀enough, or we will die.Enough is 傷。Not far away from the sound of the fiddle, and that'll sorrow.3.在游廊的最左端，靠近一道門，坐著一位將近30歲的男子。

4.他的書桌上放著帶有細(xì)菌的小碟the left, near a door, sits a nearly 30 years old man.Most of the veranda at 子。His desk is put a little dish of bacteria

All in all, it was two 5.總之，是兩點(diǎn)而不是一點(diǎn)。

6.花瓶里沒有水了。and not a bit.The vase no water.7.要

很容易看得出來那作家是一位生手，剛從事寫作。8.。

Very easy to see the writer is a beginning, just writing

9.不怕一萬，就怕萬一one thousand.Ten thousand not afraid, afraid of 10.還看不出來他能挑得起這副擔(dān)子。Also see he can pick up the burden alone.11.去年

12.必須認(rèn)真做好建廠前的準(zhǔn)備工作。The factory must do the preparing work before.Should teach children to 13.應(yīng)該教導(dǎo)兒童講實(shí)話。

14.必須保證8小時(shí)的睡眠。

15.發(fā)現(xiàn)了錯(cuò)誤，一定要改正。tell the truthhours of sleep.must correct.Must ensure that eight

Find a mistake，第二節(jié)、漢語“是”字句的英譯處理

一、表示“等同”

例句：他最佩服的就是你。

Of all the people, you are the one he admires most.二、表示“類屬” 例句：這臺(tái)機(jī)器是進(jìn)口的。

The machine was imported from abroad.他是來找你的。He is here to see you.三、表示“事物狀態(tài)” 例句：要是舊社會(huì)，遇上這樣大的水災(zāi)，早已是哀鴻遍野了。

If a flood of such magnitude had hit the land in the old days, the stricken area would have been a scene of desolation and despair.你現(xiàn)在是身不由己，只能聽他的。You have to listen to him whether you like it or not.四、表示“存在” 例句：她滿臉是淚，默不作聲。She was soundless and her cheeks were bathed in tears.別看他長(zhǎng)得胖，其實(shí)渾身是病。Despite his stout build, he suffers from all sorts of diseases.五、在兩個(gè)類似結(jié)構(gòu)中表示“區(qū)別”，轉(zhuǎn)換為英語相對(duì)的對(duì)比結(jié)構(gòu)。例句：他是他，我是我，我們誰也管不著誰。

We have our own wills, he and I, neither is the other’s master.昨天是昨天，今天是今天，情況是不斷變化的。

Events are moving very fast;what was true yesterday may not be so today.這個(gè)人言行不一，說是說，做是做。This man’s deeds do not match his words;he never practices what he preaches.敵是敵，友是友，必須分清界限。A friend is a friend, a foe is a foe;one must be clearly distinguished from the other.六、表示“讓步”，用適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~或者讓步句型來體現(xiàn)。例句：書是好書，可惜貴了點(diǎn)。It is true that this is a good book, but it’s a bit too expensive.他的本意是好的，只是措辭不當(dāng)。He meant well, but he didn’t put across his ideas properly.你就是有天大的本事，恐怕也施展不開。

However capable you are, you probably can do nothing in this circumstance.這房子老是老，但離商店近，采購方便。

Indeed, the house is old, but as it is close to the stores, it is convenient for shopping.六、表示“強(qiáng)調(diào)”，一般轉(zhuǎn)換為強(qiáng)調(diào)句式 例句：是誰教你這樣做的？ Who told you to do so? 是這位解放軍戰(zhàn)士救了你。

It was this PLA man who saved you.我寫的信是給她的，不是你。

It was to her that I wrote a letter, not to you.七、表示“凡是”，由英語習(xí)慣句型決定。

例句：是人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。

Every man is liable to error./ No one is free from error.是孩子他都喜歡。He loves all children.正如一句話所說，是親三分像。As an old saying goes, blood is thicker than water.是重活他都搶著干。Whenever there is a tough job, he is always the first to do it.八、表示“恰當(dāng)” 例句：屋里的家具放得都不是地方。The furniture in the room is arranged exactly where it should not be.你來得正是時(shí)候。

You have come just in the nick of time./ You can’t have come at a better come.她穿的裙子很是漂亮。

The dress looks very beautiful on her.九、表示“選擇”或“疑問” 例句：你是看電視還是聽音樂？ 他不是出國(guó)了么？

十、表示“確認(rèn)”，有強(qiáng)調(diào)的意思，一般通過助動(dòng)詞、副詞或短語來體現(xiàn)。

例句：她爸爸是不同意她和湯姆來往的。

Her father does disapprove of her having anything to do with TOM.這件事他是不知道。

He certainly doesn’t know this.這孩子是可愛。

The child is lovely indeed.我不是不懂，只是不想說。

It is not that I didn’t understand, but that I didn’t want to say anything.十一、表示“特征”，一般直譯。例句：馬克思主義的基本原理是普遍適用的。

The fundamental tenets of Marxism are universally applicable.本領(lǐng)高強(qiáng)的人，往往是謙虛好學(xué)的。Men of capability are often modest and show a desire to learn.作戰(zhàn)時(shí)他總是身先士卒，故能所向披靡。

He was always at the head of his men in battle, and so his army was invincible.練習(xí)題

1、我們是坐船去武漢的。

2、玩弄她的感情是卑鄙的。

3、這個(gè)故事好是好，就是長(zhǎng)了點(diǎn)。

4、這場(chǎng)火災(zāi)是他們不小心而引起的。

5、滿屋都是煙，連他衣服上都是煙味。

6、他開辦這家工廠完全是白手起7、8、9、10、11、12、家的。

這本書我是有的，可是我一下找不到。

這原來是破舊、窄小的一條舊街。

這人真討厭，總是死皮賴臉的纏著人家。

既然要搞掉他，羅織罪名還不是易如反掌。

今天開這個(gè)會(huì)啊，是想聽聽各方面的意見。

不管怎么樣，我是決意要完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的。

Keys: 1.We went to wuhan by chartered boat.2.It was mean of him to play with her/affections.3.It is a good story all right, but a bit too long.4.The fire resulted from their carelessness.5.Smoke filled the room;even his clothes smelled of smoke.6.He built up his factory literally from nothing.7.I have the book somewhere but I cannot lay my hands on it now.8.This place was originally a narrow, shabby street.9.The man is quite a nuisance;he keeps pestering/bothering others/me shamelessly.10.Now that they have decided to get rid of him, charges can easily be framed.11.Look！We are holding this meeting today to make sure that different opinions are put forward freely.12.I mean to accomplish the task, come what may happen.漢語習(xí)語的英譯處理

習(xí)語是人們?cè)谡Z言發(fā)展過程中，經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)期的社會(huì)實(shí)踐提煉出來的短語或者短句，是語言的精華。從廣義上講，漢語習(xí)語包括成語、諺語、俗語、歇后語等。具體特點(diǎn)表現(xiàn)在：

1、習(xí)語本身是修辭手段的集中體現(xiàn)，如諧音等來增加美感，如“嘴上沒毛，辦事不牢”，“吃得苦，耐得煩；不怕死，霸得蠻”；英語中的“by hook or by crook”, as red as a rose。

2、習(xí)語是語言中獨(dú)立、不規(guī)則而固定的因素。如“露出馬腳”不能說成“露出豬腳”，“雪中送炭”不能說成“雪中送煤”?；谏鲜鎏攸c(diǎn)，翻譯過程中必須注意：

1、盡量保存原文的民族特色和風(fēng)格，在可能的情況下以直譯為主。

2、不能把習(xí)語當(dāng)做普通語句處理，注意修辭美感。

一、漢語習(xí)語英譯的常用方法

1、英語同義句借用法

A: 借用意義和形象相同或相似的 B: 借用意義相同但形象不同的 例如： A:

隨大流，以牙還牙 隔墻有耳 一文不名絞盡腦汁 針鋒相對(duì) 時(shí)時(shí)刻刻 千鈞一發(fā) 渾水摸魚 swim with the tide a tooth for a tooth walls have ears

without a penny to one’s

name

to rack one’s brain give tit for tat every now and then hung by a thread to fish in troubled water

如坐針氈 a bed of thorns 謀事在人，成事在天

Man proposes, God disposes 星星之火可以燎原

Little chips light great fire.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井繩 Once bit, twice shy.空中樓閣、君子協(xié)定、事實(shí)勝于雄辯、有其父必有其子、B:

半斤八兩 six of one and half a dozen of the other 無足輕重

of no account 錦囊妙計(jì)

ace in the hole/sleeve 非公莫入

no admittance 徒勞無益

hold a candle to the sun 茫然若失

be all adrift 水中撈月

fish in the air 乳臭未干

the smell of the baby 壽終正寢

die in the bed 一丘之貉

birds of a feather(flock together)

2、直譯法

蓬頭垢面 with disheveled hair and dirty face

求同存異 see common ground while reserving differences 撲朔迷離

complicated and confusing

樸實(shí)無華

simple and unadorned 能者多勞

the abler a man, the busier he gets.自力更生 regeneration through one’s own efforts 順?biāo)浦?push the boat with current 欺軟怕硬 bully the weak and fear the strong 半途而廢 give up halfway 口蜜腹劍 with honey on one’s lips and murder in one’s heart.有錢能使鬼推磨

If you have money you can even make the devil turn your mill(serve for you).十年樹木百年樹人

It takes ten years to grow trees but a hundred years to rear/cultivate people.路遙知馬力，日久見人心。

A long road tests a horse’s strength, while a long time proves one’s heart.天有不測(cè)風(fēng)云，人有旦夕禍福

Storms gather without warning in nature, while bad luck befalls men overnight.3、意譯法

畏首畏尾 over-cautious

不到黃河不死心

Not stop until one reaches one’s goal 獨(dú)木不成林

One person cannot accomplish much.4、節(jié)譯法 漢語習(xí)語中有些是對(duì)偶詞組，往往前后兩對(duì)含義相同

無影無蹤 vanish without a trace 長(zhǎng)吁短嘆 千真萬確 一朝一夕 根深蒂固 不屈不撓 自給自足 經(jīng)久耐用 同心同德 清規(guī)戒律 油頭粉面 驚心動(dòng)魄

sigh deeply be quite true overnight deep-rooted unswerving self-sufficient durable with one mind taboos(regulations)high-painted soul-stirring

5、直譯加注法

東施效顰 Dongshi, an ugly woman, knitting her eyebrow in imitation of the famous beauty Xi Shi only to make herself uglier—blindly copying others and making oneself look foolish.二、漢語習(xí)語中數(shù)詞的英譯

1、直譯法

千金難買一笑

A thousand pieces of gold can hardly purchase a smile.一寸光陰一寸金

An inch of time is an inch of gold.一著不慎滿盤皆輸

One careless move loses the whole game.百花齊放，百家爭(zhēng)鳴

Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend.聽君一席話，勝讀十年書

One evening’s conversation with a gentleman is worth more than ten-year study.2、保留部分?jǐn)?shù)字

殺一儆百 punish one as an example to others 三心二意 two-minded 兩面三刀 double-faced and tricky 十拿九穩(wěn) ninety percent sure

3、省略法（當(dāng)數(shù)字是虛指時(shí)）曇花一現(xiàn) be a flash in the pan 一干二凈 neat and tidy;不三不四 dubious；inappropriate 百無聊賴 to be overcome with boredom 白問不厭 to serve patiently and tirelessly 三言兩語 a few words 五谷豐登、五光十色、五湖四海、十萬火急、才高八斗、千秋萬代（throughout the ages）

第三篇：英語長(zhǎng)句翻譯技巧1

哈爾濱師范大學(xué)

本科高等教育學(xué)生實(shí)習(xí)報(bào)告

報(bào)告題目

大慶化工廠實(shí)習(xí)總結(jié)

報(bào)告作者：何云龍

學(xué)號(hào)：2007020396

作者單位：哈師大化學(xué)系11班 指導(dǎo)教師：李錦州

專業(yè)：材料化學(xué)

2010年7月

大慶化工廠實(shí)習(xí)總結(jié)

（一）、實(shí)習(xí)簡(jiǎn)述

這次能有機(jī)會(huì)去工廠實(shí)習(xí)，我感到非常榮幸。雖然只有五天的時(shí)間，但是在這段時(shí)間里，在老師和工人師傅的幫助和指導(dǎo)下，對(duì)于一些平常理論的東西，有了感性的認(rèn)識(shí)，感覺受益匪淺。這對(duì)我們以后的學(xué)習(xí)和工作有很大的幫助，我在此感謝學(xué)院的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和老師能給我們這樣一次學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)，也感謝老師和各位工人師傅的悉心指導(dǎo)。

（二）、實(shí)習(xí)工作說明

我們這次實(shí)習(xí)，主要在大慶油田的化工廠。在合成氨、聚乙烯、醋酸等車間共四個(gè)工段進(jìn)行了半天的實(shí)習(xí)，在車間師傅的細(xì)心講解和悉心指導(dǎo)下，我們?cè)敿?xì)的了解了每個(gè)車間的設(shè)備和操作系統(tǒng)，初步了解了工廠各個(gè)車間的工藝指標(biāo)，對(duì)工廠的管理制度也進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單得了解，在實(shí)習(xí)的最后一天，我們還參觀了大慶鐵人紀(jì)念館和石油科技館，豐富了我們的知識(shí)。

（三）、實(shí)習(xí)單位簡(jiǎn)介

大慶煉化公司于2000年10月18日由原中國(guó)石油天然氣股份有限公司林源石化公司和原中國(guó)石油天然氣股份有限公司大慶油田公司化工總廠合并組建的，隸屬于中國(guó)石油天然氣股份有限公司，公司地處黑龍江省大慶市讓胡路區(qū)，下轄所屬林源和馬鞍山兩個(gè)生產(chǎn)區(qū)，總占地面積20.3平方公里，員工7215人，平均年齡30歲，大專以上學(xué)歷1526人，占員工總數(shù)的21.15%，其中研究生57人，中級(jí)以上職稱的專業(yè)技術(shù)人員896人。公司機(jī)關(guān)設(shè)九個(gè)處（室），下轄13個(gè)二級(jí)廠（公司）。固定資產(chǎn)原值118億元，凈資產(chǎn)88億元。原油加工能力800萬噸/年，現(xiàn)有生產(chǎn)裝置32套，生產(chǎn)工藝和工程設(shè)備均處于國(guó)內(nèi)同行業(yè)先進(jìn)水平。公司目前可生產(chǎn)16種100多個(gè)牌號(hào)的石油化工產(chǎn)品，其中優(yōu)質(zhì)品和免檢產(chǎn)品占總量的80%，年銷售收入120億元，是集煉油-潤(rùn)滑油-化工-化纖

于一體的國(guó)內(nèi)大型煉化企業(yè)。

化工集團(tuán)組建于2003年12月25日，2004年6月29日正式在大慶高新開發(fā)區(qū)登記注冊(cè)，工商注冊(cè)為大慶油田化工有限公司。注冊(cè)資本為8億元，大慶石油管理局出資7.74億元，占96.75%；大慶油田建設(shè)集團(tuán)出資0.26億元，占3.25%。集團(tuán)自成立以來累計(jì)上繳利稅75235.7萬元，是大慶高新開發(fā)區(qū)創(chuàng)效大戶?；ぜ瘓F(tuán)下屬9個(gè)單位：甲醇分公司、輕烴分餾分公司、東昊投資有限公司、醋酸分公司、技術(shù)開發(fā)研究院、綜合服務(wù)分公司、銷售分公司、項(xiàng)目管理中心、物資管理中心。

現(xiàn)有在冊(cè)職工2893名，其中：管理人員979名、專業(yè)技術(shù)人員155名、生產(chǎn)操作和服務(wù)人員1732名、銷售人員27名；具有大專以上學(xué)歷人員1420名、碩士研究生29名、在讀碩士研究生41名、在讀博士研究生4名；職工平均年齡34.3歲。截至2008年7月底，集團(tuán)固定生產(chǎn)原值35.18億元，凈值25.68億元。

化工集團(tuán)組建以來，充分依托油田的油氣資源，加快機(jī)構(gòu)整合和資源共享，面對(duì)高溫高壓、易燃易爆的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，不斷克服困難、謀求發(fā)展。主營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)收入由2004年的16.72億元增加到2007年的20.95億元，累計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)利潤(rùn)11.9億元。構(gòu)建了具有化工特色的安全文化，形成了發(fā)揚(yáng)大慶精神的“五精”管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)。2007年躋身“中國(guó)化工企業(yè)500強(qiáng)”行列。

面對(duì)新形勢(shì)、新任務(wù)、新使命，化工集團(tuán)將堅(jiān)持以科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo)，傳承大慶精神、鐵人精神，在百年油田創(chuàng)建和4000萬噸原油持續(xù)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)中，再做新貢獻(xiàn)！

（四）、主要生產(chǎn)裝置

1.天然氣化工產(chǎn)業(yè)

兩套10萬噸/年甲醇裝置：一套為1991年建成投產(chǎn)的6萬噸/年甲醇裝置，2001年進(jìn)行了節(jié)能擴(kuò)產(chǎn)改造，現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)能力達(dá)到10萬噸/年，該套裝置采用同比能耗更低、技術(shù)更加先進(jìn)的兩

段轉(zhuǎn)化技術(shù)。資產(chǎn)原值1.50億元，凈值0.69億元；另一套為1998年建成投產(chǎn)的10萬噸/年甲醇裝置，該套裝置采用傳統(tǒng)的一段轉(zhuǎn)化技術(shù)。資產(chǎn)原值3.15億元，凈值1.33億元。5萬噸/年合成氨裝置：2006年建成投產(chǎn)，采用德國(guó)林德公司的LAC工藝，產(chǎn)品為液氨、氫氣、二氧化碳。資產(chǎn)原值4.58億元，凈值3.57億元。該裝置是一套原料性裝置，主要為油田注劑和化工集團(tuán)下游產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的延續(xù)提供原料。目前液氨是生產(chǎn)聚乙烯酰胺的主要原料，氫氣是集團(tuán)正在規(guī)劃的1，4-丁二醇的主要原料。

20萬噸/年醋酸裝置：這是為延長(zhǎng)天然氣化工產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈而建的甲醇下游項(xiàng)目。以甲醇、二氧化碳、氧氣和焦碳為原料，采用“低壓液相羰基合成”先進(jìn)技術(shù)生產(chǎn)醋酸，該套裝置于2007年10月建成投產(chǎn)，總投資15.02億元。

2.輕烴精深加工產(chǎn)業(yè)

20萬噸/年輕烴分餾裝置：2000年11月建成投產(chǎn)，資產(chǎn)原值

2.41億元，凈值1.14億元。該裝置采用八塔連續(xù)分餾裝置，主要產(chǎn)品有液化石油氣、汽車用液化石油氣、工業(yè)丁烷、工業(yè)戊烷、混合幾烷、工業(yè)正幾烷、工業(yè)庚烷、工業(yè)辛烷、庚辛烷殘液、工業(yè)混合烷等11種產(chǎn)品。該套裝置是目前國(guó)內(nèi)最大的輕烴分餾生產(chǎn)裝置。

5萬噸/年戊烷精細(xì)分離裝置：該裝置主要是將20萬噸/年輕烴餾分餾裝置生產(chǎn)的混合戊烷產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行深加工，延長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈而建設(shè)的，2003年10月建成投產(chǎn)，資產(chǎn)原值0.70億元，凈值0.45億元。裝置采用四塔連續(xù)分餾裝置，主要產(chǎn)品有正戊烷、異戊烷、環(huán)戊烷及復(fù)配后的發(fā)泡劑系列產(chǎn)品。該套裝置目前是亞洲最大的戊烷精細(xì)分離裝置，其高附加值效益逐年增加。

3.油田三采表活劑產(chǎn)業(yè)

2萬噸/年重烷基苯磺酸裝置和6萬噸/年重烷基苯磺酸裝置： 重烷基苯磺酸裝置是依據(jù)大慶油田“十一五” 三采表活劑規(guī)

劃用量建設(shè)的。多年來化工集團(tuán)一直配合油田進(jìn)行三元復(fù)合驅(qū)礦場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，大力開發(fā)表活劑產(chǎn)品，形成了自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)，重烷基苯磺酸鹽被確定為三元復(fù)合驅(qū)的主表面活性劑。2萬噸/年重烷基苯磺酸裝置于2005年8月建設(shè)，2006年4月投產(chǎn)，資產(chǎn)原值0.44億元，凈值0.35億元。6萬噸/年重烷基苯磺酸裝置，投資1.79億元，于2007年4月開工建設(shè)，2008年3月中旬竣工?；ぜ瘓F(tuán)被油田確定為重烷基苯磺酸鹽的唯一供應(yīng)商，被集團(tuán)公司確定為重烷基苯磺酸鹽生產(chǎn)基地。

4.180萬噸/年原油穩(wěn)定裝置：

該裝置2004年10月建成投產(chǎn)，設(shè)計(jì)年處理原油180萬噸，資產(chǎn)原值0.60億元，凈值0.44億元。2006年經(jīng)過改造和優(yōu)化運(yùn)行，原油處理量提高至230萬噸/年，年生產(chǎn)輕烴12萬噸。

（五）心得體會(huì)

在實(shí)習(xí)的歷程中，本身學(xué)到了許多原先在課本上學(xué)不到的工具，而且可以使本身更進(jìn)一步接近社會(huì)，領(lǐng)會(huì)到市場(chǎng)躍動(dòng)的脈搏，如果說在象牙塔是看市場(chǎng)，還是比力感性的話，那麼當(dāng)你身臨企業(yè)，直接接觸到企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)與發(fā)賣的話，就理性的多。因?yàn)?，在市?chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)受市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法則的約束，從采購、生產(chǎn)到發(fā)賣都與市場(chǎng)有著千絲萬縷的聯(lián)系，如何規(guī)避危害，如何拓寬市場(chǎng)，如何包管企業(yè)的生存發(fā)展，這一切的一切都是那麼的現(xiàn)實(shí)。于是理性的判斷就顯得重要了。在企業(yè)的實(shí)習(xí)歷程中，我發(fā)明了本身看問題的角度，思慮問題的方式也逐漸拓寬，這與實(shí)踐密不可分，在實(shí)踐歷程中，我又一次感受到充實(shí)，感受成長(zhǎng)。

第四篇：英漢漢英翻譯作業(yè)及答案

一、單選題（共 10 道試題，共 50 分。）

1.His accent couldn＇t fool a native speaker.A.本地人一聽他的口音，就知道他是外地人

B.他的口音不能愚弄本地人。

-----------------選擇：A

2.One could not be too careful in a new neighbourhood.A.在新鄰居的旁邊，一個(gè)人不能太小心

B.在一個(gè)陌生的地方，越小心越好。

-----------------選擇：B

3.We should never warm snakes in our bosoms.A.我們不能內(nèi)心溫和

B.我們決不能姑息壞人。

-----------------選擇：B

4.他妹妹老是說謊。

A.His sister always tells lies

B.His sister is a great liar.-----------------選擇：B

5.But for your help, I would not have made such good progress in my studies.A.沒有你的幫助，我不會(huì)在學(xué)習(xí)上取得這么大的進(jìn)步

B.沒有你的幫助，我將沒有這么大的幫助。

-----------------選擇：A

6.他好不容易才擠到臺(tái)前.A.He had a hard time squeezing through the crowd to get up to the platform

B.He had a hard time being forced to get up the platform.-----------------選擇：A

7.Mr.Kirsch, having lost all his money by this time, followed his master out into the moonlight, where the illuminations were winking out.A.基希先生這時(shí)輸?shù)膬墒挚湛眨愀魅俗叱鑫輥?，月光下彩燈閃閃爍爍，漸漸熄滅

B.基希先生這次輸?shù)袅怂械腻X，跟著他的主人走到了月光下，彩燈忽閃變?nèi)酢?----------------選擇：A

8.He took out his key and opened the door, and we all went to a stone hall, bare gloomy and little used.A.他拿出鑰匙開門，我們走進(jìn)石頭大廳，感覺很陰沉，沒有什么人住

B.他取出鑰匙開了門，大家跟著走進(jìn)一間石頭砌成的大廳，里面空無人物，陰森森的，看來平時(shí)絕少有人

-----------------選擇：B

第五篇：翻譯技巧英文合同中簡(jiǎn)單長(zhǎng)句的翻譯技巧

英文合同中簡(jiǎn)單長(zhǎng)句的翻譯技巧

英文合同中使用的大量長(zhǎng)句，主要分為三大類：簡(jiǎn)單長(zhǎng)句、復(fù)合長(zhǎng)句和并列長(zhǎng)句。在翻譯這些長(zhǎng)句時(shí)，首先要正確理解各種相關(guān)成分的邏輯關(guān)系，然后再適當(dāng)切分，理出句子的主干成分。最后再按漢語表達(dá)習(xí)慣，變動(dòng)語序，重新組合。這樣才能連貫、準(zhǔn)確、清晰地予以表達(dá)。今天我們就先說一下簡(jiǎn)單長(zhǎng)句和并列長(zhǎng)句的翻譯。簡(jiǎn)單長(zhǎng)句及其翻譯

在翻譯英文商務(wù)合同中的簡(jiǎn)單長(zhǎng)句時(shí)，首先要正確理解各種相關(guān)成分的邏輯關(guān)系；然后再適當(dāng)切分，理出句子的主干成分，翻譯時(shí)以句子的主干為主導(dǎo)；最后再按漢語表達(dá)習(xí)慣，變動(dòng)語序，重新組合。這樣才能連貫、準(zhǔn)確、清晰地予以表達(dá)。下面舉三個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單長(zhǎng)句翻譯的例子來說明：

1．The Buyers may，within 15 days after arrival of the goods at the destination，lodge aclaim against the sellers for short-weight being supported by Inspection Certificate issued by areputable public surveyor.這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單長(zhǎng)句，其主干為The Buyers may…lodge a claim…。修飾謂語動(dòng)詞的狀語有三個(gè)，a.分別表示時(shí)間within 15 days after arrival of the goods at the destination b.方式being supported by Inspection Certificate issued by a reputable public surveyor和

c.目的for short-weight 而且狀語中還有狀語，作定語的分詞issued還有自己的狀語by a reputable public surveyor。

眾多狀語，盡管在英語中的位置十分靈活，然而按照漢語的行文規(guī)范，方式狀語一般應(yīng)位于動(dòng)詞之前；而有些狀語在譯文中可以靈活處理，例如本句中的時(shí)間狀語，可以提前至句首。因此，上句可譯成：貨物抵達(dá)目的港15天內(nèi)，買方可以憑有信譽(yù)的公共檢驗(yàn)員出示的檢驗(yàn)證明向賣方提出短重索賠。

2.Within 30 days after the signing and coming into effect of this contract，the Buyer shallproceed to pay the price for the goods to the Seller by opening an irrevocable L/C for the fullamount of USD30,000 in favor of the Seller through a bank at export port.此句的主干為…the Buyer shall proceed to pay the price…to the Seller，其中含有一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語within30 days after the signing and coming into effect of this contract。從語用的角度來看，商務(wù)合同中許多時(shí)間狀語表示的是某一締約方必須在何時(shí)何地承擔(dān)某一義務(wù)和享有某一種權(quán)利，即時(shí)效性。因此整個(gè)句子的重心不是句子的動(dòng)詞，而是發(fā)生動(dòng)作的時(shí)間。

在譯成中文時(shí)，為了突出行為的時(shí)效性，時(shí)間狀語應(yīng)盡量靠近表示義務(wù)責(zé)任的關(guān)鍵詞“須”。此句中還含有一個(gè)較為復(fù)雜的方式狀語by opening an irrevocable L/C…，其中含有三個(gè)介詞短語作定語修飾anirrevocable L/C。按照漢語的行文規(guī)范，方式狀語一般應(yīng)位于動(dòng)詞之前。

此外，若動(dòng)詞同時(shí)帶有時(shí)間狀語和方式狀語時(shí)，英文的通常順序是方式在前，時(shí)間在后，而漢語卻正好與之相反，為方式在后，時(shí)間在前。因此本句可譯成：

買方須于本合同簽字并生效后30天內(nèi)通過出口地銀行開立以賣方為收益人的不可撤銷信用證支付全部貨款計(jì)30 000美元。

3.The Equipment and Material shall be carefully and properly packed in the best and stablecondition according to the figures and characteristics of the Equipment and Material so as towithstand long-distance sea and inland transportation and numerous handlings.此句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)并不復(fù)雜但包含一個(gè)較為復(fù)雜的方式狀語。從語用特征的角度來看，方式狀語通常都是規(guī)定性的，其作用是規(guī)定合約方履行某項(xiàng)義務(wù)必須采取的方式或手段，在合同的語言環(huán)境下，即使有關(guān)締約方履行了合同規(guī)定的義務(wù)，但若其履行義務(wù)的方式與合同規(guī)定的方式不符，乃構(gòu)成違約。因此，方式狀語的作用通常都是比較重要的。本句可譯成： 設(shè)備和原料須根據(jù)其形狀和特點(diǎn)以完善而牢固的方式精心妥當(dāng)?shù)匕b，包裝須適合于長(zhǎng)途海、陸運(yùn)輸，能經(jīng)受多次裝卸。并列長(zhǎng)句及其翻譯

由于撰寫合同時(shí)不能遺漏任何可能情況，所以英文商務(wù)合同中往往有大量并列成分。這些并列成分包括并列的詞、短語以及從句。從語用角度看，并列的平行結(jié)構(gòu)使合同的句式平衡，表意完整。在翻譯由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列單句構(gòu)成的復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)句時(shí)可以采用分句譯法。并列長(zhǎng)句的分句之間的語義關(guān)系比較松散，因此翻譯時(shí)可以斷開，分解成單句獨(dú)立存在。例如： The Buyer shall have the right to claim against the Seller for compensation of losses within 60days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination，should the quality of the goods befound not in conformity with the specifications stipulated in the Contract after re-inspectionby the China Commodity Inspection Bureau and the Buyer shall have the right to claim againstthe Sellers for compensation of short-weight within 60 days after arrival of the goods at theport of destination，should the weight be found not in conformity with that stipulated in theBill of Lading after re-inspection by the CCIB.此句由兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)相同的并列分句組成，均為主句在前，條件狀語在后，在兩個(gè)條件狀語中均含有時(shí)間狀語，此外，兩個(gè)并列分句中也都含有時(shí)間狀語，均為within 60 days after arrival of the goods at the port ofdestination，譯成中文時(shí)，條件狀語應(yīng)分別置于主句之前，而所有的時(shí)間狀語均放在各自修飾的動(dòng)詞的前面。同時(shí)，為了符合漢語句式較短的特點(diǎn)，可以將兩個(gè)并列分句斷開，分解成兩個(gè)單句，即譯成： 若貨物經(jīng)中國(guó)商品檢驗(yàn)局復(fù)檢后發(fā)現(xiàn)質(zhì)量與本合同之規(guī)定不符，買方有權(quán)于貨物抵達(dá)目的港后的60天內(nèi)向賣方提出索賠。若經(jīng)中國(guó)商品檢驗(yàn)局復(fù)檢發(fā)現(xiàn)貨物質(zhì)量與提單所示重量不符，買方有權(quán)于貨物抵達(dá)目的港后的60天內(nèi)向賣方提出短重索賠。