第一篇：Unit 5 課文翻譯及課后練習(xí)參考答案

Unit 5

課文參考翻譯：

三明治一代——夾心一代

九月上旬，安妮接到卡爾加伏特山醫(yī)院打來(lái)的電話(huà)，要她將住院的母親接回家去。已經(jīng)84歲高齡的老母親艾琳從三月中風(fēng)以來(lái)就一直住在醫(yī)院，接受精心地護(hù)理。六個(gè)月后，易瑞尼可以自己吃飯，也能下床獨(dú)立走動(dòng)。但記性依然不好?？礃幼?，在敬老院騰出床位前她是不可能回家獨(dú)自生活的。已經(jīng)42歲的安妮是社會(huì)服務(wù)顧問(wèn)，同丈夫同住卡爾加城，家里還有三個(gè)孩子，老大19歲，老二15歲，最小的11歲。安妮回憶接母親的事時(shí)說(shuō)：“她非常虛弱，簡(jiǎn)直弱不禁風(fēng)。我跟醫(yī)院一再解釋?zhuān)覀儾荒芙铀丶摇覀儧](méi)法接她回來(lái)?！钡Ｌ厣结t(yī)院答應(yīng)幫忙安排家庭護(hù)理，安妮便將母親接回了家。要求隱去全名的安妮說(shuō)：“這真讓我們驚慌失措。從醫(yī)學(xué)上講，醫(yī)院已無(wú)力回天，他們要我接回母親也有道理。但是，我也無(wú)法照料好自己的老母?！?/p>

安妮就是被稱(chēng)為“夾心一代”中的一員——上要顧老，下要顧小，拼命努力，同時(shí)還得設(shè)法保住自己的飯碗。據(jù)估計(jì)，在加拿大，長(zhǎng)輩與小輩一起居住的家庭大約有12萬(wàn)家。盡管統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字顯示這樣的大家庭越來(lái)越少，但那些確實(shí)搬到了子女家并與子女同住的大家庭已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化，他們與原來(lái)的大家庭完全不一樣了。一方面現(xiàn)在的長(zhǎng)輩子女少些，因而分擔(dān)家庭重?fù)?dān)的人相應(yīng)減少了；另一方面，現(xiàn)代家庭中的女孩也都出外工作。實(shí)際上，渥太華凡妮家庭研究所行政與交流主任艾倫·米拉貝里指出現(xiàn)代家庭中的一對(duì)夫妻平均一周要工作65~80小時(shí)，而20世紀(jì)50年代則只有40-50小時(shí)。他說(shuō)：“同樣的崗位，現(xiàn)代人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度是過(guò)去的兩倍?！?米拉貝里認(rèn)為，這一變化常常為人們所忽略，越來(lái)越多公眾輿論要求把有些政府醫(yī)療護(hù)理負(fù)擔(dān)轉(zhuǎn)嫁到各個(gè)家庭就是個(gè)表現(xiàn)?！澳悴荒芗僭O(shè)有足夠人手，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代家庭已發(fā)生了很大的變化。’

同時(shí)，米拉貝里也意識(shí)到，當(dāng)那些特護(hù)病人病情好轉(zhuǎn)要離開(kāi)醫(yī)院時(shí)，確實(shí)“各有各的難處”。加拿大勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)性大，有一半的家庭平均每五年會(huì)換一個(gè)地方——家庭成員也天南地北。當(dāng)醫(yī)院里那些年長(zhǎng)的病人不再需要特殊護(hù)理而健康狀況又不允許獨(dú)自回家時(shí)，往往在城里再也找不到一個(gè)親戚接他們回家。

卡爾加福特山醫(yī)院副院長(zhǎng)約翰·王說(shuō)，就他們醫(yī)院而言，如果病人沒(méi)有任何親戚接其回家，醫(yī)院會(huì)讓病人繼續(xù)住院治療直到養(yǎng)老院騰出床位為止。他認(rèn)為醫(yī)院只能將病人送到一個(gè)“充滿(mǎn)關(guān)懷家里，而不能受到虐待的家里”。他解釋說(shuō)，因?yàn)獒t(yī)療服務(wù)配套設(shè)施需要大量的投入，因此特護(hù)床位費(fèi)用昂貴，一天就需975美元，并且需求量很大。由于床位缺乏，“我們只能盡快地騰出特護(hù)床位?！彼麖?qiáng)調(diào)，家屬應(yīng)該理解并給予配合?！艾F(xiàn)在人們已開(kāi)始意識(shí)到他們應(yīng)該幫助大家庭的成員。我們好像又回到了40年，對(duì)自家的老人給予更多贍養(yǎng)和照顧?！?/p>

對(duì)安妮來(lái)說(shuō)，那段日子盡管短暫卻讓她心力交瘁。她說(shuō)：“母親需要全天候的陪護(hù)。但最糟糕的是母親尿失禁，晚上只好給她用尿布，這也是實(shí)在沒(méi)辦法。如果一晚上三番五次起床，我必定睡眠不足?！卑材菡f(shuō)自從要照顧母親，她很少會(huì)見(jiàn)朋友，碩土論文也擱置一旁，大大減少了做顧問(wèn)的工作，取消了去西雅圖的出差，對(duì)孩子的照顧也少多了。孩子們因此而不高興，她也變得焦躁不堪。這真是禍不單行。

最終，艾琳在安妮家呆了一起只呆了六周，之后，養(yǎng)老院終干有了空床位?！澳赣H很喜歡那兒，那兒的工作人員非常好” 安妮說(shuō)，“一切比我預(yù)想的好得多?！钡盏男∽∈刮液图胰嗽谒枷肷习l(fā)生了很大變化，“我們完全被寵壞

了。”安妮說(shuō)，“我當(dāng)時(shí)覺(jué)得壓力大得不得了，但現(xiàn)實(shí)是每個(gè)人都得學(xué)會(huì)適應(yīng)這一切。”上個(gè)月，安妮家從教堂領(lǐng)回了一個(gè)十歲的小男孩，這個(gè)男孩在家里遇到了麻煩?！邦I(lǐng)他回來(lái)是因?yàn)樽约簞倓傆羞^(guò)的一番經(jīng)歷，” 她說(shuō)，“總的來(lái)說(shuō)，經(jīng)過(guò)母親的事兒之后，我們更富同情心?！?/p>

凡妮研究所的米拉貝里指出即使長(zhǎng)輩獨(dú)自生活，晚輩的責(zé)任也很大?！霸趺春梅畔率诸^的活兒去看生病的母親?”他問(wèn)道，“而將母親置之不管不顧，他們又內(nèi)疚萬(wàn)分。即使老人不與子女同住，子女也面臨著壓力，要協(xié)調(diào)好照顧小家庭、大家庭同時(shí)也要為雇主負(fù)責(zé)的義務(wù)?！?/p>

實(shí)際上，加拿大老年研究網(wǎng)絡(luò)組織大學(xué)研究人員進(jìn)行了一次全國(guó)范圍的對(duì)5，000雇員的大調(diào)查。該調(diào)查顯示46％的員工承擔(dān)著養(yǎng)老責(zé)任，從跑腿購(gòu)物到全天候的照料。這些接受調(diào)查的雇員中一半以上的人還得照看孩子。根據(jù)調(diào)查，與同事相比，那些上要照顧老人，下要養(yǎng)育孩子的員工工作壓力更大，工作滿(mǎn)意程度更低，缺勤率更高。

面對(duì)這一狀況，有些公司采取了相應(yīng)的措施。早在1992年，皇家銀行就辦了一個(gè)老年護(hù)理活動(dòng)中心，為員工出謀劃策，并幫助員工及時(shí)獲得當(dāng)?shù)氐膸椭?。溫哥華分行的顧客服務(wù)部經(jīng)理——39歲的沙倫·莫里在母親病情惡化時(shí)打電話(huà)求助過(guò)這個(gè)中心。她說(shuō)：“突發(fā)事件時(shí)，你不知道該怎么辦，該找誰(shuí)。你需要一定的信息，這樣你才能做出正確的決定。我和我妹妹的工作難度大，要求高。我們不想讓母親的病給弄得驚慌失措?！?/p>

瑪麗露·格里芬是位退了休的老教師，丈夫雖已去世，倒也無(wú)需為工作壓力擔(dān)憂(yōu)?？伤齾s受內(nèi)風(fēng)濕折磨。1988年，已81歲高齡的老父親搬入她多倫多北部的家中時(shí)，她也已經(jīng)54歲有余了。老父的健康問(wèn)題一下子將她拖垮了。她說(shuō)：”頭三個(gè)月他一下瘦了40磅，我給嚇壞了?！庇捎谒笮”闶ЫＳ幸淮?，僅一個(gè)晚上她得為父親洗五次澡，換洗五次床單。無(wú)論是感情上還是體力上，這真是太難了，老父也難堪不已，常常老淚縱橫。后來(lái)一位醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)老父是牛奶過(guò)敏而導(dǎo)致大小便失禁，這一窘?jīng)r才擺脫了。但沒(méi)過(guò)多久，他又犯了其他毛病?！皟赡曛兴昧巳剿拇畏窝祝乙灿兴拇?。我休息不好，最后一次因肺炎加上胸膜炎，我又住到了醫(yī)院里?！贬t(yī)生告誡說(shuō)：“你不能再這樣下去了?！?/p>

格里芬終于尋求了幫助——政府資助提供的每周9小時(shí)的家庭護(hù)理?！暗砩虾椭苣┦菦](méi)有家庭護(hù)理的，”盲芬遺憾地說(shuō)，“有一陣我累得實(shí)在挺不下去了，便決定請(qǐng)一個(gè)護(hù)士晚上幫忙護(hù)理一下?！钡啃r(shí)$22的高額費(fèi)用讓她承受不了，幾個(gè)星期之后，她只得作罷。兩年后，吉芬找到了一家很滿(mǎn)意的養(yǎng)老院，并把這事兒告訴了老父親?？衫细赣H卻大受傷害，盡管他明白自己的女兒照顧不了他。吉芬說(shuō)：“我老覺(jué)得有一種犯罪感，我太讓父親失望了。”她父親在養(yǎng)老院呆了兩年半，1992年10月，他死于心臟衰竭和肺氣腫。

幸運(yùn)的是許許多多有老人的家庭都處理得不錯(cuò)。這些家庭里長(zhǎng)輩身心健康，小輩遇到不測(cè)時(shí)能得到及時(shí)的外援。紐芬蘭漁業(yè)員工訓(xùn)練公司的執(zhí)行總裁，現(xiàn)已39歲的弗朗西斯·小約翰記得自己小時(shí)候住在圣約翰以北100里的格雷斯港時(shí)，叔叔和嬸嬸經(jīng)常幫助自己的父母。這對(duì)老夫妻無(wú)兒無(wú)女。1990年叔叔去世，嬸嬸安吉妮·鮑爾就搬到了自己家，與家人一起生活。弗郎西斯的妻子羅斯40歲，兩個(gè)孩子大的19歲，小的13歲。

雖已經(jīng)81歲高齡，鮑爾身體依然硬朗，在自己的老家，大多數(shù)的日子里她每天要步行半英里。去年春天動(dòng)了一次手術(shù)，她身體就一直較虛弱。在離家不遠(yuǎn)的一家醫(yī)院打零工的羅斯·小約翰說(shuō)他一大早就得起床給鮑爾清洗傷口，調(diào)換繃

帶，然后打發(fā)孩子們上學(xué)并趕在上班前準(zhǔn)備好年餐。她非常感謝親戚們的援助。她說(shuō)：“我一點(diǎn)兒也不吝嗇呆在家里照顧她的時(shí)間，也不討厭她生病時(shí)需要我跑前跑后的日子。這是我們應(yīng)該承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。我會(huì)盡力讓她快點(diǎn)好起來(lái)?！?/p>

弗郎西斯說(shuō)鮑爾與家人相處得很好。他說(shuō)：“每當(dāng)妻子與兒子發(fā)生爭(zhēng)吵時(shí)，她就避開(kāi)了。”他認(rèn)為她給孩子們帶來(lái)的是好的影響，“我發(fā)現(xiàn)老人有老人獨(dú)特的智慧，我兒子正處在青春期，處在成長(zhǎng)的煩惱之中。嬸嬸卻比我更能理解兒子?！毙〖s翰家庭責(zé)任感很強(qiáng)。他說(shuō)：“我父母一直教導(dǎo)我要以家庭為榮，以承擔(dān)家庭責(zé)任為己任。這種感情難以用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)，你這么做只是因?yàn)槟阌X(jué)得應(yīng)該這么做?！睂?duì)小約翰一家來(lái)說(shuō)，“應(yīng)該這么做的事”成了家庭成員共同經(jīng)歷過(guò)的有寶貴意義的事兒。但對(duì)于無(wú)數(shù)承擔(dān)了很多全新責(zé)任的加拿大人而言，照顧老人意味著體力與情感上的雙重付出與犧牲。

課后練習(xí)參考答案：

A.1.A

2.B

3.C

4.D

5.B

6.A

7.D

8.B

9.D

10.B

11.C

B.1.set him up

2.fit in

3.is thankful for

4.hold down

5.built up

6.gone through

7.weigh heavily on

8.working out

9.broken away

10.let my parents down

C.1.C.will rely on

2.D.have

3.C.for which

4.B.which

5.A.coupled

6.A.a much greater variety

7.B.find it difficult

8.A.Acquiring

9.C.himself

10.C.endangered

D.1.dead

2.brought

3.like

4.expensive

5.cost

6.worse

7.births

8.paying

9.aged

10.figure

11.share

12.majority

13.producers

14.poor

15.decent

16.services

17.expanding

18.same

19.burden

20.confined

Key to the Translation from English into Chinese:

在不少拉丁美洲和亞洲的國(guó)家,老年化和貧困將引起許多新問(wèn)題, 而這些問(wèn)題對(duì)于工業(yè)化國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)并不陌生, 但是這些國(guó)家擁有資源少得多。在使用有限資源時(shí)所遇到倫理道德問(wèn)題將更為突出,為醫(yī)療保健和養(yǎng)老金提供資金可能成為這些國(guó)家面臨的一件棘手的事。

在許多國(guó)家,老年人的人數(shù)太少,政治上多半相當(dāng)被動(dòng),以致無(wú)法成為一個(gè)能對(duì)長(zhǎng)期政策施加有效壓力來(lái)促進(jìn)自身利益的團(tuán)體。但隨著其數(shù)量增多,這種狀況正在改變，他們知道需要集結(jié)政治力量。到2030年將沒(méi)有一個(gè)政治家大膽到敢于忽略三分之一這部份老年選民——特別老年選民一般參加投票的人數(shù)要比其他選民多。

Key to the Translation from Chinese into English:

1.Generally, people have become more compassionate and quite a few families have taken in an orphan from the municipal orphanage.2.It is a demanding task for a workingwoman to look after her parents/ elders and her children while holding down a job.3.At first we were worried about their first stay in a foreign country but things there worked out much better for them.4.Today's middle-aged people have fewer children than their parents did and the

aging population problem may weigh on them in about 40 years.5.It is hoped that the current reform in education will better set students up to meet the challenges from society.6.The government intends to transfer some of the health-care burden to the individual family but family members are not always available for the task because they cannot break away from their jobs to look after the sick elderly.7.There is an increasing demand for beds in the nursing home, and we have to try every possible means to free them up.8.With the large elderly population in this country, financing of health care and pensions could scare the devil out of the government.9.The young couple has to make some sacrifice to avoid letting their old beloved father down.10.What they had gone through in looking after their sick old father made them more compassionate, and they made a donation to the nursing home

第二篇：B2U5課文翻譯及課后練習(xí)答案

Unit 1

Dreams In-Class Reading

Are You A Dreamer?

你做夢(mèng)嗎？ 夢(mèng)，我們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)做夢(mèng)？夢(mèng)有意義嗎？真的有夢(mèng)中所見(jiàn)之事成為現(xiàn)實(shí)這種事嗎？幾千年來(lái)人們對(duì)這些問(wèn)題一直很感興趣。過(guò)去幾十年的科學(xué)發(fā)展使我們對(duì)睡眠的自然過(guò)程有了更多的認(rèn)識(shí)，然而對(duì)于與夢(mèng)有關(guān)的諸多問(wèn)題依然沒(méi)有最終答案，這些問(wèn)題還在繼續(xù)困惑著我們。2 人人都做夢(mèng)——只不過(guò)有些人不記得做過(guò)夢(mèng)罷了。人類(lèi)腦電波的記錄顯示我們所有人入睡后就進(jìn)入做夢(mèng)狀態(tài)。夜晚的大部分時(shí)間我們都在做夢(mèng)，但只有當(dāng)我們處在REM（眼球迅速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)）睡眠階段時(shí)醒來(lái)才會(huì)記住所做的夢(mèng)。眼球迅速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)階段便是我們做夢(mèng)的時(shí)候。每晚我們有四個(gè)或五個(gè)REM睡眠階段，第一次出現(xiàn)在入睡后的90分鐘左右。此后，夢(mèng)期每90分鐘復(fù)現(xiàn)一次，每次持續(xù)15到45分鐘，持續(xù)時(shí)間隨著夜晚的深入逐漸延長(zhǎng)。3 睡眠的主要目的（除讓我們休息外）也許就是讓我們做夢(mèng)——讓我們以一種截然不同的方式回顧我們的生活、我們的憂(yōu)慮和希望，以及在潛意識(shí)中觀察自我，把不再需要的資料從記憶中剔除。有些夢(mèng)可能是由簡(jiǎn)單的生理原因引起的。例如，夢(mèng)到在灼熱的煤塊上行走很可能是由睡眠時(shí)腳太靠近取暖器引起的。而夢(mèng)到想跑但兩腿卻動(dòng)彈不了這種令人沮喪的境況，也許是被子裹得太緊的緣故。鬧鈴響了而依然熟睡的人則很可能會(huì)夢(mèng)到門(mén)鈴或電話(huà)鈴響。所有這些都是潛意識(shí)和意識(shí)共同引導(dǎo)和啟示我們的簡(jiǎn)單例子。不過(guò)這些從生理角度進(jìn)行的解釋尚不足以說(shuō)明為什么我們會(huì)做夢(mèng)。有些人認(rèn)為夢(mèng)純粹是無(wú)稽之談，僅僅是人腦中電脈沖無(wú)的放矢的結(jié)果，然而，有些人則認(rèn)為即便是最簡(jiǎn)單的夢(mèng)也具有重要的含義。有些夢(mèng)反映的內(nèi)心憂(yōu)慮是立即可以識(shí)別的。夢(mèng)見(jiàn)失去工作或者沒(méi)了房子，也許是反映了真實(shí)的憂(yōu)慮，即便這些憂(yōu)慮只是潛意識(shí)的。我們大多數(shù)人都?jí)粢?jiàn)過(guò)必須參加一門(mén)很難的課程的期末考試，也許是一門(mén)從未修過(guò)的課，也許是一門(mén)學(xué)得很糟糕的課。但是，有一些夢(mèng)并沒(méi)有這樣明顯的含義，對(duì)它們?cè)撊绾谓馕瞿?？多少世紀(jì)以來(lái)，男男女女都從所謂的解夢(mèng)字典中尋找答案，這類(lèi)字典最早的有可能可以追溯到公元前5000年。根據(jù)這些字典，夢(mèng)見(jiàn)喝酒意味著短命，而夢(mèng)見(jiàn)喝水則預(yù)示著長(zhǎng)壽。一直到公元200年，解夢(mèng)字典受歡迎的程度仍絲毫未減。當(dāng)時(shí)，古希臘的阿特米多魯斯寫(xiě)了一部長(zhǎng)達(dá)五卷的書(shū)，書(shū)中解析了3000多個(gè)夢(mèng)，列舉了一系列的夢(mèng)符，諸如右手（表示父親），左手（表示母親），以及海豚（表示好兆頭）。如今，圖書(shū)館和書(shū)店里有無(wú)數(shù)解析夢(mèng)的書(shū)籍。對(duì)于那些解夢(mèng)愛(ài)好者來(lái)說(shuō)，它們依然深受歡迎。然而，多數(shù)專(zhuān)家警告說(shuō)，讀這些書(shū)時(shí)要非常謹(jǐn)慎。心理分析家兼作家肯尼思·桑德斯解釋說(shuō)：“夢(mèng)與每個(gè)人的心理密切相關(guān)，因此分析往往容易出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤和偏差。我認(rèn)為，只有當(dāng)你了解做某個(gè)夢(mèng)的人時(shí)，才能發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)夢(mèng)的真正含義。”

After-Class Reading

成為現(xiàn)實(shí)的夢(mèng) 1965 年11月7 日的晚上，瑪麗·都特瑞做了一個(gè)噩夢(mèng)。她忘不了那個(gè)夢(mèng)，她的丈夫喬治也忘不了。她是這么講述自己的夢(mèng)的：“我夢(mèng)見(jiàn)夜里自己在一座山上，電閃雷鳴，然后我看見(jiàn)天上一道亮光，一聲巨大的撞擊聲后，我聽(tīng)到四處都是尖叫聲?！?/p>

瑪麗說(shuō)，她隨后看見(jiàn)地上有一只手。她感到有些害怕，但還是走上前去。然后她看見(jiàn)了一只胳膊，胳膊的那頭是些尸體碎塊。她說(shuō)在夢(mèng)里她尖叫起來(lái)：“快來(lái)人哪！”然后她看見(jiàn)一些人抬著一個(gè)大柳條筐，他們把尸體放進(jìn)筐里后就走了?，旣愺@醒時(shí)還在叫喊著。“瑪麗！”喬治俯下身，推推她?！霸趺戳耍俊彼麊?wèn)?，旣惛嬖V他：“我剛才夢(mèng)見(jiàn)你飛機(jī)失事死了。噢，喬治，求求你不要坐那趟去辛辛那提的航班?！?瑪麗求他不要去，但是喬治不聽(tīng)她的勸阻。然而，在開(kāi)車(chē)去機(jī)場(chǎng)的路上，喬治開(kāi)始感到有點(diǎn)不對(duì)頭。接著他看見(jiàn)一架飛機(jī)從頭頂飛過(guò)，心慌得怦怦直跳。于是他明白自己不能坐那趟飛機(jī)了。他給機(jī)場(chǎng)打電話(huà)，取消了機(jī)票。然后他給瑪麗打電話(huà)，接著乘火車(chē)去了辛辛那提。6 那天晚上，383 次航班試圖在辛辛那提降落時(shí)遇上了暴風(fēng)雨，飛機(jī)撞上了一座山。瑪麗在電視上看到了有關(guān)的新聞報(bào)道，那情形就同她夢(mèng)見(jiàn)的一模一樣。她看見(jiàn)人們拿筐子運(yùn)走了尸體。但是她知道喬治沒(méi)事。因?yàn)橛辛怂莻€(gè)夢(mèng)的預(yù)兆，喬治才得以安然無(wú)恙。7 約翰·布拉德利也做過(guò)類(lèi)似的夢(mèng)。他住在英格蘭，是一位教師。他還是一位博物學(xué)家，喜歡帶班上的學(xué)生進(jìn)行校外考察旅行，了解大自然。一天晚上，他做了一個(gè)夢(mèng)。這是在他安排好的一次校外考察旅行之前一個(gè)星期發(fā)生的事。他夢(mèng)見(jiàn)自己領(lǐng)著班上的學(xué)生走在一條鄉(xiāng)間的小路上，路邊就是教堂墓地。在夢(mèng)里，布拉德利讓兩個(gè)男孩帶隊(duì)穿過(guò)教堂墓地。他自己走在隊(duì)伍的末尾，以便讓小一些的孩子保持前進(jìn)。然而，就在他們穿過(guò)教堂墓地的時(shí)候，布拉德利感到地面在震動(dòng)，接著他聽(tīng)見(jiàn)了巨大的斷裂聲。然后，有個(gè)黑乎乎的龐然大物朝他砸了過(guò)來(lái)。那是一棵巨大的榆樹(shù)，正好砸在這隊(duì)孩子們的頭頂上。10 這個(gè)夢(mèng)使布拉德利非常不安，他覺(jué)得應(yīng)該取消這次外出。他把這個(gè)夢(mèng)告訴了班上的學(xué)生，但是他們都覺(jué)得他很可笑，而且都不愿意取消這次旅行。甚至其他老師也笑話(huà)他，跟他說(shuō)不應(yīng)該讓孩子們掃興。于是布拉德利同意出行?！暗悄銈儽仨毚饝?yīng)我，”他跟他們講，“往哪兒走你們只能聽(tīng)我的?！?于是，他們出發(fā)了。當(dāng)他們走到那條小路時(shí)，布拉德利不讓孩子們繞道穿過(guò)教堂墓地。有些孩子覺(jué)得這樣做很蠢，不過(guò)他們還是按老師說(shuō)的做了。走到小路的盡頭，他們面前是一座跨河的橋。年紀(jì)大一些的男孩子停下來(lái)問(wèn)道：“老師，我們應(yīng)該走哪條道？過(guò)河呢，還是走沿河的小路？” 布拉德利停住腳步。他對(duì)那條小路有一種古怪的感覺(jué)?！斑^(guò)橋，”他告訴他們。于是孩子們開(kāi)始過(guò)橋。接著，布拉德利聽(tīng)到了可怕的斷裂聲，同自己在夢(mèng)中聽(tīng)到的完全一樣。他回頭一看，只見(jiàn)就在那條小路邊上，一棵巨大的榆樹(shù)搖搖晃晃，倒在了地上。他的預(yù)感應(yīng)驗(yàn)了。孩子們面面相覷，然后看著自己的老師。如果剛才他們走那條小路的話(huà)，那么此刻他們就正好在那棵榆樹(shù)倒下來(lái)的位置。

課內(nèi)閱讀練習(xí)答案

Part One Preparation 1.Brainstorming Sample Sleepwalking, also known as somnambulism(夢(mèng)游癥), is a sleep disorder.Sleepwalkers arise from the slow-wave sleep stage in a state of low consciousness and perform activities that are usually performed during a state of full consciousness, such as sitting up in bed, walking to the bathroom, cleaning, etc.which may involve no harm or danger.Those who work with dreams of these sorts take the position that a dream may have a variety of meanings, depending on the levels that are being explored.Nightmare refers to a very frightening dream.It may also refer to unpleasant experiences.Recurring dreams refer to dreams people have from time to time.Dream catcher is a handmade object based on a willow hoop, on which is woven a loose net or web decorated with personal and sacred items such as feathers and beads.Originated in the culture of Ojibwa, one of the largest groups of Native Americans, a dream catcher is believed to be able to change a person’s dreams.Hung above the bed, it is traditionally used as a charm to protect sleeping children from nightmares.When it comes to the interpretation of dreams, the most well-known might be The Interpretation of Dreams, a book written by Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud.The book introduces Freud’s theory of the unconscious with respect to dream interpretation.In the book, he first demonstrates a psychological technique which makes it possible to interpret dreams.With the application of this technique, every dream will reveal itself as a psychological structure, full of significance, and one which may be assigned to a specific place in the psychic activities of the waking state.Further, he tries to explain the processes underlying the strangeness and obscurity of dreams, and to deduce from these processes the nature of the psychic forces whose conflict or cooperation is responsible for dreams.Freud’s view was that dreams were all forms of “wish fulfillment”, which means that the unconscious makes attempts to resolve a conflict of some sort.However, because the information in the unconscious is in an unruly and often disturbing form, a “censor” in the preconscious will not allow it to pass unaltered into the conscious.According to Freud, images in dreams are often not what they appear to be, and need deeper interpretation if they are to inform us of the structures of the unconscious.2.A Dream Poll Sample ? I don’t think dreams can predict the future.I never take dreams seriously.To me, dreams are just meaningless nonsense.If someone claims that what they dreamed came true, it was only a coincidence.? Dreams can make me feel good.After a good night’s sleep and some sweet dreams, I feel happy and full of energy when I wake up in the morning.But of course, I don’t like terrible dreams which make me very tired.3.Talking About Your Dreams Sample A: How often do you dream? B: I dream almost every night.A: What sort of dreams do you have? Are they connected to your daily life? B: Yes, I always dream about things that are connected to my daily life.For example, after I play computer games for a long time, I dream of playing computer games.Sometimes, I can’t find a book, but then I dream that I have found it.A: Do you have recurring dreams? B: Yes, I often dream of having to take an exam I haven’t prepared for.A: Have you ever wondered about the meanings of your dreams? Do you have any satisfactory explanations for your dreams? B: I am curious about the meanings of my dreams, but I can’t come up with any explanations.A: Why do you think people dream? B: It’s hard to say.However, as a Chinese saying goes, “We think of something during the day, and we dream of it during the night.” I think when the body is at rest, the mind, probably a part of the brain, continues to work.That may be the reason why we dream.Part Two Reading-Centered Activities

In-Class Reading

Post-Reading Reading Comprehension 1.I Introduction: Questions concerning dreams have puzzled human beings.(Para.1)II Dreaming and sleeping(Paras.2-3)i Dreaming occurs when we are in a REM(Rapid Eye Movement)sleep.ii The main purposes of sleeping may be to allow us to rest and to dream.III Possible causes of dreams(Paras.4-6)i Physiological cause Example: Sleeping with one’s feet too close to a heater may cause one to dream of walking on hot coals.ii Reflection of inner fears Example: Worrying about losing one’s job may cause one to dream of losing one’s job.IV Dream interpretations(Paras.7-9)i The earliest dream dictionaries indicated that drinking wine predicted a short life and drinking water meant a long life.ii Artemidorus’ dictionary includes symbols such as right hand(father), left hand(mother)and dolphin(a good omen).iii Most experts warn that dream interpretations should be read with care.2.T 2 T 3 T 4 T 5 F 6 T 7 T 8 T 9 F 10 F 3.Sample ? I agree with Kenneth Saunders’ opinion.First, different people have different personalities, social backgrounds and experiences.Since dreams are kinds of subjective activities in one’s brain, different people may see the world in different ways.Second, I think to some extent, dreams are closely related to real life.So, you are likely to make mistakes if you try to interpret someone’s dreams without knowing what exactly the person has experienced.? I think it is possible to analyze a dream without knowing the dreamer.If we share the same language, culture and physical environment, we would have a lot in common, at least, for example, the nature of human beings.Of course, people have different ways of thinking, but it doesn’t mean we can’t understand each other.I’m very interested in learning about dreams and ways of interpreting dreams.Vocabulary 1 1 explanation 2 enthusiasts 3 frustrating 4 popularity 5 unconscious 6 electric / electrical 7 movements 8 recognizable 9 interpretation 10 countless 2 1 asleep 2 sleepless 3 sleep 4 sleepy 5 asleep 6 slept 7 sleeping, sleep 8 sleeper 9 sleep 10 overslept 3 1 submerged: go below the surface of the sea, river or lake（使）浸沒(méi)，淹沒(méi) subculture: the behavior, practices, etc.associated with a group within a society 亞文化 3 submarine: a special type of ship which can travel under water 潛水艇 subway: the passage under ground along which pedestrians can pass 地下通道 5 subzero:(of temperatures)below zero 零度以下的 Subtropical: belonging to or relating to parts of the world that have warm and humid weather 副熱帶的，亞熱帶的 subspecies: a subdivision of a species（物種的）亞種 subnormal: below an average or expected standard, especially of intelligence 低于正常標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的 9 subdivided: divide the parts of sth.that has already been divided 再分，重分 subtitles: words shown at the bottom of a film or television picture to explain what is being said 4 mislead nonstop unprepared misunderstanding non-verbal non-existent nonprofit uncommon unfamiliarity uncover 1 uncovered 2 misunderstanding 3 nonprofit 4 unprepared 5 uncommon 6 non-verbal 7 nonstop 8 misled 9 non-existent 10 unfamiliarity 5 1 progressed 2 puzzled 3 process 4 reflected 5 predict 6 advances 7 symbol 8 conscious / aware 9 inner 10 mode Translation 1 You will see that what I am saying now will come true.2 When young people remain single, they are open to pressure from other people.3 The problem of unemployment is tied up with the development of new technology.4 His appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize him.5 The tour guide said that some castles date back to the 13th century.6 She has never done anything for them, whereas they have done everything they can for her.5 Part Three Further Development 1.Grammar Review 1 having ever had a chance / having ever been given a chance 2 to lock her door 3 visiting only once a month 4 to stay in full-time education 5 to phone you 6 trying to escape 7 to put their needs first 8 reading 9 to build / building the house 10 to be so rude to him 2.Vocabulary Review 1

A natural: not involving anything made by people 天然的，自然的

B neutral: a neutral color is not very strong or bright 暗淡的，不鮮艷的 C natural: to be expected;usual 合乎情理的，慣常的

D neutral: not supporting any of the people or groups involved in an argument or disagreement 中立的，不偏不倚的 2 A shattered:(cause to)break suddenly into very small pieces（使）粉碎

B crashing: hit sth.or sb.extremely hard while moving, in a way that causes a lot of damage or makes a lot of noise 撞擊

C crack:(cause to)break without dividing into separate parts（使）開(kāi)裂 D crash: an accident in which a vehicle violently hits sth.else 碰撞 3

A ancient: of or from a long time ago, having lasted for a very long time, or very old 古代的，遠(yuǎn)古的，古老的

B early: near the beginning of a period of time 早期的，初期的

C previous: happening or existing before the one mentioned 先前的，以前的

D ancient:(informal)when you say “sth.is ancient history”, you mean it happened long time ago and is not important now 從前的（事）4 A sign: an event, fact, etc.which shows that sth.exists or is happening 跡象，征兆 B symbol: a shape or design that is used to represent sth.such as an idea 象征

C signal: a sound or action that you make in order to give information to sb.or tell them to do sth.信號(hào)

D signs / symbols: a standard mark that is used to represent sth.符號(hào)，記號(hào) 5

A view: state of seeing or being seen from a particular place 視野 B vision: ability to see;eyesight 視力

C vision: an imagined mental picture of sth.想象，幻想

D outlook: your general attitude toward life and the world（對(duì)生活、世界的）觀點(diǎn)，見(jiàn)解

E view: personal opinion or attitude 觀點(diǎn)，看法 6

A errors / mistakes: things done incorrectly through ignorance or wrong judgment 錯(cuò)誤，失誤 B fault: if sth.bad that has happened is your fault, you should be blamed for it 過(guò)錯(cuò) C error: a moral wrong 道德上的錯(cuò)誤

D fault: sth.that is wrong with a machine, system, design, etc, which prevents it from working properly 故障

E mistake: “by mistake” is a fixed phrase, if you do sth.by mistake, you do it without intending to 錯(cuò)誤地（并非故意）7

A confused: unable to think clearly 被弄糊涂的

B confusing: difficult to understand;puzzling 令人迷惑的

C confusion: a situation in which sb.wrongly thinks that a person or thing is sb.or sth.混淆 D confuse: mistake one person or thing for another 混淆 8

A conscious: noticing the existence or presence of sth.particular 意識(shí)到的，知道的 B unconscious: in the state of having lost consciousness 失去知覺(jué)的

C subconscious: present at a hidden level of the mind 潛意識(shí)的，下意識(shí)的

D consciousness: the state of being awake, thinking and aware of what is happening around you 意識(shí)，神志清醒 3.Interpreting Dreams Sample 1 Her dream tells her that she would feel the same about herself as she does about the sow if she did not control her eating.The dream reflects her inner conflicts between two desires: to be on diet and to indulge herself.Subconsciously the former seems to take the upper hand over the latter.2 It seems that Sara is still in love with her ex-boyfriend, although she thinks she has got over him.Now that he has a new girlfriend, she is quite conscious that she has lost him for good.The death of her ex-boyfriend is an indication of her determination of forgetting him and starting a new life.The symbol of the car accident is a good omen, implying good health of her ex.3 The poor condition of the car is an indication of poor health, poor academic or business performance.Falling down a cliff means Peter was riding in a wrong direction and failed to end up well.In this context, the dream is suggesting that Peter was doing something dangerous, and he had troubles either physically or academically.4.Describing a Dream Sample One night, I woke up from a dream to check my watch.It said 1:00 pm and it was very bright outside.I was very scared since that morning was my first day of school for the new semester, and I was supposed to wake up before 7:00 am.Oversleeping to 1:00 pm would have been terrible!I tried to get up and get out of bed.But I was unable to...instead, I went back to sleep again, and continued with my dream.Finally, I woke up and checked my watch.It was only 5:00 am, two hours before the time for me to get up for class.It was still dark outside.Not until then did I realize that the earlier checking of my watch had happened in a dream.Additional activity 1.Remembering Your Dreams STEP ONE In a short paragraph, write down the details of a dream that you once had.If you can’t remember a dream, invent one.STEP TWO Tell your dream to your partner.When you have finished, check whether other classmates can remember all the details.Your partner uses a question tag and you use short answers.Example: Partner: In your dream you were eating a giant ice-cream, weren’t you? You: Yes, I was.Partner: Suddenly it began to melt, didn’t it? You: Yes, it did.2.Four Kinds of Dreams STEP ONE Provide the features of the four categories that dreams usually fall into.1 Daily Processing: Most dreams fall in the realm of “daily processing”, clearing the garbage from our minds—dumping input from the day that’s no longer needed.We don’t remember most of these dreams, and those we do remember can usually be easily related to our lives.2 Problem-solving: “Problem-solving” dreams are just what you might think—your subconscious knows all—it knows your problems and it knows how to solve them.If the subconscious thinks its solution is important enough, up pops a problem-solving dream.We don’t always remember these dreams, but our conscious mind does and acts on them directly and, like our daily processing dreams, we can normally interpret them for ourselves.3 Psychological: For most of us, these dreams are about our relationships, past sufferings, our fears and anxieties, guilt and resentment.In these “psychological dreams”, we’re not solving a problem or making a decision, we’re simply facing something about ourselves or our current situation that’s probably been holding us back.Some of these dreams, especially those that are repetitive, require interpretation.Some repetitive dreams may first be defined as psychological in nature, but are actually indicative of physical problems that require medical attention.4 Precognitive: “Precognitive” dreams deliver psychic information.You dream about a friend and then see them the next day, or you dream your sister is pregnant and she is!For most of us, precognitive dreams aren’t so obvious because our ego shadows our psychic information with symbols.Precognitive dreams can often be identified by their quality: The light is strange, or you clearly feel that you’re in another dimension.Objects are oddly shaped or made of unusual materials.These dreams are almost always worth recording and tracking for they will be rich with information, much of which presented in symbols.STEP TWO Students work in groups to describe their dreams in turn.After each description, the other members in the group work together to determine which of the categories the dream belongs to.STEP THREE Choose the most interesting dream from the group and present it to the class.Part Four

Writing and Translation 2.Translation Practice 夢(mèng)是心靈的談話(huà)

我們?nèi)祟?lèi)至今尚未開(kāi)啟通往夢(mèng)的世界的大門(mén)。盡管我們很多人都意識(shí)到了做夢(mèng)的價(jià)值，希望了解我們?cè)趬?mèng)境中的活動(dòng)，但大多數(shù)人仍覺(jué)得人在睡眠中就像進(jìn)入夢(mèng)幻世界一樣。有些人認(rèn)為夢(mèng)中的生活跟醒著的生活一樣真實(shí)，而且在積極尋找方法控制睡眠時(shí)的思維活動(dòng)，然而很少有人會(huì)將清醒時(shí)發(fā)生的事情跟夢(mèng)中發(fā)生的事情聯(lián)系在一起。心理學(xué)家和心理玄學(xué)家在20世紀(jì)90年代普遍認(rèn)為，我們的夢(mèng)境包含著日常生活的內(nèi)容。因此，學(xué)習(xí)去記憶并“挖掘”我們的夢(mèng)是非常有用的。許多重要的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)就來(lái)源于夢(mèng)境中發(fā)生的事件。3.Writing Sample A Nightmare I grew up in the country and life was hard at that time.I used to share a small bed with my younger brother.We would often fight for space.One night, I had a terrible dream.In the dream, our village was occupied by foreign invaders.The invaders were taking away property and children from households.They set houses on fire and killed anyone who did not obey them.I managed to hide in a pile of hay.I could hear my heart thumping when I saw some foreign soldiers coming toward our house.I couldn’t see them clearly because my eyes were covered with hay.I could hear them coming nearer and talking angrily, but I didn’t understand anything they said.Just then, I realized that one of my arms was not fully covered.I wanted to hide it but I dared not move.Then one of the soldiers discovered me.I was almost frightened to death, but still I didn’t move.Then I felt a severe pain on my left arm.I was wounded by a soldier with a sword.I woke up and realized that I had just had a nightmare.But my left arm was hurting.My brother’s leg had been pressing on my arm.

第三篇：unit 2 課文翻譯

Smart cars that can see, hear, feel, smell, and talk? And drive on their own? This may sound like a dream, but the computer revolution is set to turn it into a reality.能看、能聽(tīng)、有知覺(jué)、具嗅覺(jué)、會(huì)說(shuō)話(huà)的智能汽車(chē)？還能自動(dòng)駕駛？這聽(tīng)起來(lái)或許像是在做夢(mèng)，但計(jì)算機(jī)革命正致力于把這一切變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。

Smart Cars智能汽車(chē)

Michio Kaku米其奧?卡庫(kù)

Even the automobile industry, which has remained largely unchanged for the last seventy years, is about to feel the effects of the computer revolution.即便是過(guò)去70年間基本上沒(méi)有多少變化的汽車(chē)工業(yè)，也將感受到計(jì)算機(jī)革命的影響。

The automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century.There are presently 500 million cars on earth, or one car for every ten people.Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the world's biggest manufacturing industry.汽車(chē)工業(yè)是20世紀(jì)最賺錢(qián)、最有影響力的產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。目前世界上有5億輛車(chē)，或者說(shuō)每10人就有1輛車(chē)。汽車(chē)工業(yè)的銷(xiāo)售額達(dá)一萬(wàn)億美元左右，從而成為世界上最大的制造業(yè)。

The car, and the roads it travels on, will be revolutionized in the twenty-first century.The key to tomorrow's “smart cars” will be sensors.“We'll see vehicles and roads that see and hear and feel and smell and talk and act,” predicts Bill Spreitzer, technical director of General Motors Corporation's ITS program, which is designing the smart car and road of the future.汽車(chē)及其行駛的道路，將在21世紀(jì)發(fā)生重大變革。未來(lái)“智能汽車(chē)”的關(guān)鍵在于傳感器?！拔覀儠?huì)見(jiàn)到能看、能聽(tīng)、有知覺(jué)、具嗅覺(jué)、會(huì)說(shuō)話(huà)并能采取行動(dòng)的車(chē)輛與道路，”正在設(shè)計(jì)未來(lái)智能汽車(chē)和智能道路的通用汽車(chē)公司ITS項(xiàng)目的技術(shù)主任比爾?斯普雷扎預(yù)言道。

Approximately 40,000 people are killed each year in the United States in traffic accidents.The number of people that are killed or badly injured in car accidents is so vast that we don't even bother to mention them in the newspapers anymore.Fully half of these fatalities come from drunk drivers, and many others from carelessness.A smart car could eliminate most of these car accidents.It can sense if a driver is drunk via electronic sensors that can pick up alcohol vapor in the air, and refuse to start up the engine.The car could also alert the police and provide its precise location if it is stolen.美國(guó)每年有大約4萬(wàn)人死于交通事故。在汽車(chē)事故中死亡或嚴(yán)重受傷的人數(shù)太多，我們已經(jīng)不屑在報(bào)紙上提及。這些死亡的人中至少有半數(shù)是酒后開(kāi)車(chē)者造成的，另有許多死亡事故是駕駛員不小心所導(dǎo)致。智能汽車(chē)能消除絕大多數(shù)這類(lèi)汽車(chē)事故。它能通過(guò)會(huì)感測(cè)空氣中的酒精霧氣的電子傳感器檢測(cè)開(kāi)車(chē)者是否喝醉酒，并拒絕啟動(dòng)引擎。這種車(chē)還能在遇竊后通報(bào)警方，告知車(chē)輛的確切地點(diǎn)。

Smart cars have already been built which can monitor one's driving and the driving conditions nearby.Small radars hidden in the bumpers can scan for nearby cars.Should you make a serious driving mistake(e.g., change lanes when there is a car in your “blind spot”)the computer would sound an immediate warning.能監(jiān)控行車(chē)過(guò)程以及周?chē)熊?chē)狀況的智能汽車(chē)已經(jīng)建造出來(lái)。藏在保險(xiǎn)杠里的微型雷達(dá)能對(duì)周?chē)钠?chē)作掃描。如果你發(fā)生重大行車(chē)失誤（如變道時(shí)有車(chē)輛你“盲點(diǎn)”內(nèi)），計(jì)算機(jī)立即會(huì)發(fā)出警報(bào)。

At the MIT Media Lab, a prototype is already being built which will determine how sleepy you are as you drive, which is especially important for long-distance truck drivers.The monotonous, almost hypnotic process of staring at the center divider for long hours is a grossly underestimated, life-threatening hazard.To eliminate this, a tiny camera hidden in the dashboard can be trained on a driver's face and eyes.If the driver's eyelids close for a certain length of time and his or her driving becomes erratic, a computer in the dashboard could alert the driver.在麻省理工學(xué)院媒介實(shí)驗(yàn)室，業(yè)已制造出能測(cè)知你行車(chē)時(shí)有多少睡意的樣車(chē)，這對(duì)長(zhǎng)途卡車(chē)司機(jī)意義尤其重要。一連數(shù)小時(shí)注視著中夾分道線這樣一個(gè)單調(diào)、幾乎能催眠的過(guò)程是被嚴(yán)重低估的威脅生命的重大隱患。為消除這一隱患，藏在儀表板里的一架微型相機(jī)可對(duì)準(zhǔn)開(kāi)車(chē)者的臉部及眼睛。如果司機(jī)的眼簾合上一定時(shí)間，行車(chē)變得不穩(wěn)，儀表板里的計(jì)算機(jī)就會(huì)向司機(jī)發(fā)出警報(bào)。

Two of the most frustrating things about driving a car are getting lost and getting stuck in traffic.While the computer revolution is unlikely to cure these problems, it will have a positive impact.Sensors in your car tuned to radio signals from orbiting satellites can locate your car precisely at any moment and warn of traffic jams.We already have twenty-four Navstar satellites orbiting the earth, making up what is called the Global Positioning System.They make it possible to determine your location on the earth to within about a hundred feet.At any given time, there are several GPS satellites orbiting overhead at a distance of about 11,000 miles.Each satellite contains four “atomic clocks,” which vibrate at a precise frequency, according to the laws of the quantum theory.開(kāi)車(chē)最頭疼的兩大麻煩是迷路和交通堵塞。雖然計(jì)算機(jī)革命不可能徹底解決這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題，但卻會(huì)帶來(lái)積極的影響。你汽車(chē)上與繞軌道運(yùn)行的衛(wèi)星發(fā)出的無(wú)線電信號(hào)調(diào)諧的傳感器能隨時(shí)精確地確定你汽車(chē)的方位，并告知交通阻塞情況。我們已經(jīng)有24顆環(huán)繞地球運(yùn)行的導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星，組成了人們所說(shuō)的全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)這些衛(wèi)星我們有可能以小于100英尺的誤差確定你在地球上的方位。在任何一個(gè)特定時(shí)間，總有若干顆全球定位系統(tǒng)的衛(wèi)星在11000英里的高空繞地球運(yùn)行。每顆衛(wèi)星都裝有4個(gè)“原子鐘”，它們根據(jù)量子理論法則，以精確的頻率振動(dòng)。

As a satellite passes overhead, it sends out a radio signal that can be detected by a receiver in a car's computer.The car's computer can then calculate how far the satellite is by measuring how long it took for the signal to arrive.Since the speed of light is well known, any delay in receiving the satellite's signal can be converted into a distance.衛(wèi)星從高空經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)發(fā)出能被汽車(chē)上計(jì)算機(jī)里的接收器辨認(rèn)的無(wú)線電信號(hào)。汽車(chē)上的計(jì)算機(jī)就會(huì)根據(jù)信號(hào)傳來(lái)所花的時(shí)間計(jì)算出衛(wèi)星有多遠(yuǎn)。由于光速為人熟知，接收衛(wèi)星信號(hào)時(shí)的任何時(shí)間遲緩都能折算出距離的遠(yuǎn)近。

In Japan there are already over a million cars with some type of navigational capability.(Some of them locate a car's position by correlating the rotations in the steering wheel to its position on a map.)在日本，具有某種導(dǎo)航能力的汽車(chē)已有一百萬(wàn)輛之多。（有些導(dǎo)航裝置通過(guò)將方向盤(pán)的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)與汽車(chē)在地圖上的位置并置來(lái)測(cè)定汽車(chē)的方位。）

With the price of microchips dropping so drastically, future applications of GPS are virtually limitless.“The commercial industry is poised to explode,” says Randy Hoffman of Magellan Systems Corp., which manufactures navigational systems.Blind individuals could use GPS sensors in walking sticks, airplanes could land by remote control, hikers will be able to locate their position in the woods--the list of potential uses is endless.隨著微芯片價(jià)格的大幅度下降，未來(lái)對(duì)全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用幾乎是無(wú)限的?！爸圃爝@一商品的工業(yè)定會(huì)飛速發(fā)展，”生產(chǎn)導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的麥哲倫航儀公司的蘭迪?霍夫曼說(shuō)。盲人可以在手杖里裝配全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)傳感器，飛機(jī)可以通過(guò)遙控著陸，徒步旅行者可以測(cè)定自己在林中的方位—其潛在的應(yīng)用范圍是無(wú)止境的。

GPS is actually but part of a larger movement, called “telematics,” which will eventually attempt to put smart cars on smart highways.Prototypes of such highways already exist in Europe, and experiments are being made in California to mount computer chips, sensors, and radio transmitters on highways to alert cars to traffic jams and obstructions.全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)其實(shí)只是叫做“遠(yuǎn)程信息學(xué)”的這一更大行動(dòng)的一部分，這一行動(dòng)最終將把智能汽車(chē)送上智能高速公路。這種高速公路的樣品已經(jīng)在歐洲問(wèn)世，加州也在進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)，在高速公路上安裝計(jì)算機(jī)芯片、傳感器和無(wú)線電發(fā)射機(jī)，以便向汽車(chē)報(bào)告交通擁擠堵塞情況。

On an eight-mile stretch of Interstate 15 ten miles north of San Diego, traffic engineers are installing an MIT-designed system which will introduce the “automated driver.” The plan calls for computers, aided by thousands of three-inch magnetic spikes buried in the highway, to take complete control of the driving of cars on heavily trafficked roads.Cars will be bunched into groups of ten to twelve vehicles, only six feet apart, traveling in unison, and controlled by computer.在圣迭戈以北10英里的15號(hào)州際公路一段8英里長(zhǎng)的路面上，交通工程師正在安裝一個(gè)由麻省理工學(xué)院設(shè)計(jì)的引進(jìn)“自動(dòng)司機(jī)”的系統(tǒng)。這一計(jì)劃要求計(jì)算機(jī)在公路上埋設(shè)的數(shù)千個(gè)3英寸長(zhǎng)的磁釘?shù)膮f(xié)助下，在車(chē)輛極多的路段完全控制車(chē)輛的運(yùn)行。車(chē)輛會(huì)編成10輛或12輛一組，車(chē)距僅6英尺，在計(jì)算機(jī)的控制下一齊行駛。

Promoters of this computerized highway have great hopes for its future.By 2010, telematics may well be incorporated into one of the major highways in the United States.If successful, by 2020, as the price of microchips drops to below a penny a piece, telematics could be adopted in thousands of miles of highways in the United States.This could prove to be an environmental boon as well, saving fuel, reducing traffic jams, decreasing air pollution, and serving as an alternative to highway expansion.這種計(jì)算機(jī)化的公路的倡導(dǎo)者對(duì)其未來(lái)的應(yīng)用充滿(mǎn)希望。到2010年，遠(yuǎn)程信息技術(shù)很可能應(yīng)用于美國(guó)的一條主要公路。如果成功的話(huà)，到2020年，當(dāng)微芯片的價(jià)格降到一片一美分以下時(shí)，遠(yuǎn)程信息技術(shù)就會(huì)應(yīng)用在美國(guó)成千上萬(wàn)英里的公路上。這對(duì)環(huán)保也會(huì)很有利，能節(jié)省燃油，減輕交通阻塞，減少空氣污染，還可用作公路擴(kuò)建的替代辦法。

第四篇：Unit 4-課文翻譯

Unit 4 American Dream

Homework Sheet for Students

Unit 4 American Dream Text A Tony Trivisonno’s American Dream

摘要: 美國(guó)夢(mèng)對(duì)不同的人有不同的意義。但對(duì)許多人，尤其是對(duì)移民而言，它意味著改善自己生活的機(jī)會(huì)。對(duì)于他們，美國(guó)夢(mèng)的含義就是才能與勤勞能讓你從小木屋走向白宮。托尼·特里韋索諾并沒(méi)有爬到那么高，但他成功地使自己的夢(mèng)想成真

托尼·特里韋索諾的美國(guó)夢(mèng)

弗雷德里克·c·克羅弗德 他來(lái)自意大利羅馬以南某地一個(gè)滿(mǎn)地石子的農(nóng)莊。他什么時(shí)候怎么到美國(guó)的，我不清楚。不過(guò)，有天晚上，我看到他站在我家車(chē)庫(kù)后面的車(chē)道上。他身高五英尺七、八左右，人很瘦。

“我割你的草坪，”他說(shuō)。他那結(jié)結(jié)巴巴的英語(yǔ)很難聽(tīng)懂。

我問(wèn)他叫什么名字?！巴心帷ぬ乩镯f索諾，”他回答說(shuō)。“我割你的草坪?！蔽覍?duì)托尼講，本人雇不起園丁。

“我割你的草坪，”他又說(shuō)道，隨后便走開(kāi)了。我走進(jìn)屋子，心里有點(diǎn)不快。沒(méi)錯(cuò)，眼下這大蕭條的日子是不好過(guò)，可我怎么能把一個(gè)上門(mén)求助的人就這么打發(fā)走呢? 等我第二天晚上下班回到家，草坪已修整過(guò)了，花園除了草，人行道也清掃過(guò)了。我便問(wèn)太太是怎么回事。

“有個(gè)人把割草機(jī)從汽車(chē)庫(kù)里推出來(lái)就在院子里忙活起來(lái)，”她回答說(shuō)?！拔疫€以為是你雇他來(lái)的?！?/p>

’

我就把前晚的事跟她說(shuō)了。我倆都覺(jué)得奇怪，他怎么沒(méi)提出要工錢(qián)。

接下來(lái)的兩天挺忙·，我把托尼的事給忘了。我們?cè)诒M力重整業(yè)務(wù)，要讓一部分工人回廠里來(lái)。但在星期五，回家略微早了些，我又在汽車(chē)庫(kù)后面看到了托尼。我對(duì)他干的活夸獎(jiǎng)了幾句。

“我割你的草坪，”他說(shuō)。

我設(shè)法湊了一小筆微薄的周薪，就這樣托尼每天清掃院子，有什么零活，他都干了。我太太說(shuō)，但凡有重物要搬或有什么要修理的，他挺派得上用場(chǎng)。

夏去秋來(lái)，涼風(fēng)陣陣?！翱肆_先生，快下雪了，”有天晚上托尼跟我說(shuō)?！暗榷斓搅耍阕屛以趶S里干掃雪的活?！?/p>

啊，對(duì)這種執(zhí)著與期盼，你又能怎樣呢?自然，托尼得到了廠里的那份活兒。幾個(gè)月過(guò)去了。我讓人事部門(mén)送上一份報(bào)告。他們說(shuō)托尼干得挺棒。一天我在汽車(chē)庫(kù)后面我們以前見(jiàn)面的地方看到了托尼。“我想學(xué)徒，”他說(shuō)。

我們有個(gè)挺不錯(cuò)的培訓(xùn)工人的徒工學(xué)校?？晌覒岩赏心崾欠裼心芰W(xué)會(huì)看圖紙、用千分尺，是否勝任做精密加工工作。盡管如此，可我怎么能拒絕他呢? 托尼減了薪水當(dāng)了徒工。幾個(gè)月之后，我收到報(bào)告，他已從徒工學(xué)校畢業(yè)，成了熟練磨工。他學(xué)會(huì)了在千分尺上辨識(shí)一百萬(wàn)分之一英寸，會(huì)用鑲嵌著金剛石的工具制作砂輪。我和太太都挺高興，覺(jué)得他的事總算有了個(gè)令人滿(mǎn)意的結(jié)局。

BY Wei Chunyan

Oct.20, 2015 Unit 4 American Dream

Homework Sheet for Students

一兩年過(guò)去了，我在托尼慣常等我的地方又看到了他。我們聊起了他的工作，接著我問(wèn)他有什么要求。

“克羅先生，”他說(shuō)，“我想買(mǎi)房?！痹谛℃?zhèn)邊上，他看到有房出售，完全是幢破房。我去見(jiàn)——·位當(dāng)銀行家的朋友。“人品貸款你干不干?”我問(wèn)?！安桓桑彼f(shuō)?！拔覀兂袚?dān)不起。沒(méi)門(mén)。” “哎，等等，”我應(yīng)道?！坝袀€(gè)人干活勤勉，人品端正，這一點(diǎn)我擔(dān)保。他有個(gè)好工作。眼下，你從你那塊地上—分錢(qián)也得不到。那塊地空在那兒要好多年呢。至少他會(huì)付你利息嘛?！?那位銀行家勉強(qiáng)開(kāi)了兩干美金抵押貸款，沒(méi)要托尼首付就把房子給了他。托尼樂(lè)不可支。從那以后，只要我家附近有什么被人扔棄的零星雜物，壞了的屏風(fēng)啦，五金器具啦，包裝紙板啦，托尼都要收起來(lái)拿回家，看他這個(gè)樣子真是有意思。

約摸過(guò)了兩年，我在我們見(jiàn)面的老地方又看到了托尼。他身子似乎挺直了些，人也見(jiàn)胖了，樣子挺自信。

“克羅先生，我賣(mài)房子!”他得意地說(shuō)。“我得了八千美金?！?我非常吃驚?！翱墒?，托尼，沒(méi)了房子你住哪兒呢?” “克羅先生，我買(mǎi)農(nóng)莊?！?/p>

我們坐下聊了起來(lái)。托尼告訴我說(shuō)，擁有一個(gè)農(nóng)莊是他的夢(mèng)想。他喜歡番茄，辣椒以及意大利菜肴中相當(dāng)重要的其它各種蔬菜。．他把在意大利的妻子和兒子女兒都接來(lái)了。他在小鎮(zhèn)周邊到處找，終于找到一處沒(méi)人要的一小塊地產(chǎn)，有一幢房，還有間小棚。他正在把家搬到農(nóng)莊去。

又過(guò)了一些時(shí)候，在一個(gè)星期日的下午托尼來(lái)了，他穿戴得整整齊齊。和他一起來(lái)的還有另一位意大利人。他告訴我，他說(shuō)服了兒時(shí)的，伙伴前來(lái)美國(guó)。托尼為他作經(jīng)濟(jì)擔(dān)保。他眼里露出頑皮的神情，對(duì)我說(shuō)，他倆來(lái)到他經(jīng)營(yíng)的小農(nóng)莊時(shí)，他的朋友驚奇地站住說(shuō)，“托尼，你是個(gè)百萬(wàn)富翁啦!”

后來(lái)，在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，公司里傳出了一個(gè)消息。托尼去世了。

我讓公司的人去他家看看，確保各項(xiàng)事宜都得到妥善安置。他們看到農(nóng)場(chǎng)上長(zhǎng)著綠油油的蔬菜，小屋布置得舒適溫馨，院子里有一輛拖拉機(jī)，還有一輛不錯(cuò)的汽車(chē)。孩子受過(guò)教育都工作了，托尼身前沒(méi)有分文欠債。

托尼去世后，我一直想著他的經(jīng)歷。他的形象在我心目中越來(lái)越高大。最后，我覺(jué)得他就和美國(guó)那些最大的實(shí)業(yè)家一樣高大、自豪。

他們都通過(guò)同樣的途徑，本著同樣的價(jià)值觀和原則獲得了成功：遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)、執(zhí)著、自制、樂(lè)觀、自尊，以及最重要的，正直。

托尼不是從最低——級(jí)階梯往上爬的，他是從地下室往上爬的。托尼的事業(yè)很小，那些最大的實(shí)業(yè)家的事業(yè)很大。但究其實(shí)兩者的資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表完全一樣。惟——的不同是你把小數(shù)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)在什么地方。

．

托尼?特里韋索諾來(lái)到美國(guó)尋求美國(guó)夢(mèng)。但他沒(méi)有找到什么美國(guó)夢(mèng)——他為自己創(chuàng)造了個(gè)美國(guó)夢(mèng)。他的全部擁有是天寶貴的二十四小時(shí)，而他—刻也沒(méi)有浪費(fèi)。

BY Wei Chunyan

Oct.20, 2015 Unit 4 American Dream

Homework Sheet for Students

Text B With His Own Two Hands

他用自己的雙手實(shí)現(xiàn)了夢(mèng)想

麥克斯·亞歷山大

阿爾弗雷多·金尼奧內(nèi)斯-伊諾霍薩彎著腰在田地里采摘西紅柿，熾熱的太陽(yáng)灼烤著他的肌膚。很少有美國(guó)人愿意為了一星期掙區(qū)區(qū)155美元去干這個(gè)活。在加州中部這個(gè)方圓10,000英畝的農(nóng)場(chǎng)上，跟金尼奧內(nèi)斯一起打工的伙計(jì)，大多與他一樣是來(lái)自墨西哥的非法移民。

一年前，在1987年的1月2日，金尼奧內(nèi)斯19歲生日那天，他在表兄弟的協(xié)助下躍過(guò)了加州邊境城市加利西哥市的隔離欄，進(jìn)入了美國(guó)。

阿爾弗雷多是家里五個(gè)孩子中的老大，五歲起便開(kāi)始干活，在父親經(jīng)營(yíng)的加油站里給汽車(chē)加油。長(zhǎng)大一點(diǎn)以后，他又在一個(gè)賣(mài)玉米面卷的攤子打工，幫家里掙些額外收入。但是，他仍舊繼續(xù)他的學(xué)業(yè)?！案赣H總是對(duì)我說(shuō)，‘你想像我這樣嗎？那就別去上學(xué)。’我可不想步他的后塵。”14歲的時(shí)候，金尼奧內(nèi)斯取得了進(jìn)入墨西卡利市一個(gè)速成班的資格，那個(gè)速成班要把學(xué)生培養(yǎng)成小學(xué)教師。

他幾乎以班里最優(yōu)異的成績(jī)畢業(yè)。然而，由于家里沒(méi)有有權(quán)有勢(shì)的熟人，他被分配在一個(gè)邊遠(yuǎn)的學(xué)校任教。“我不愿忍受那種不公的待遇，”他說(shuō)道。不久，他打算離開(kāi)墨西哥去尋找更好的機(jī)會(huì)。以前，他來(lái)過(guò)美國(guó)兩次，在夏季打短工。所以，這次到來(lái)之后，他就和表兄弟直奔圣華金河谷，找農(nóng)活干?！拔也晌骷t柿、花椰菜、球花甘藍(lán)，還收玉米，摘葡萄。” 在農(nóng)田里抬頭望去，金尼奧內(nèi)斯能看到的最好工作便是開(kāi)大型拖拉機(jī)。拖拉機(jī)手都有技術(shù)，還監(jiān)管其他勞工。別人告訴他，要想得到這種晉升機(jī)會(huì)，需要干完十年農(nóng)活。然而，沒(méi)過(guò)多久，他就操縱起結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的犁和挖溝機(jī)了。他還學(xué)會(huì)了如何檢修發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，拿到了臨時(shí)工作許可證。

幾個(gè)月后，金尼奧內(nèi)斯告訴表兄弟他打算離開(kāi)農(nóng)場(chǎng)。表兄弟回答說(shuō)：“你胡說(shuō)什么？在這里堅(jiān)持干下去，有一天你能當(dāng)上工頭！”

“有時(shí)人得冒點(diǎn)險(xiǎn)嘛，” 金尼奧內(nèi)斯說(shuō)道。

他來(lái)到斯托克頓，在一個(gè)鐵路車(chē)輛調(diào)度場(chǎng)找到一份活。這樣，他就可以在圣華金三角洲學(xué)院上夜校學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。他的第一份工作——鏟硫磺，又臭又臟，是他一輩子干過(guò)的最糟糕的工作。像從前那樣，他又一次努力學(xué)會(huì)了新的技能，這次是作為焊工修理罐車(chē)的閥門(mén)。不到一年，他當(dāng)上了工頭。

金尼奧內(nèi)斯英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)進(jìn)了，他就改上夜班，開(kāi)始全日學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)。為了維持生計(jì)，他還兼當(dāng)其他學(xué)生的輔導(dǎo)老師。

1991年，他獲得準(zhǔn)學(xué)士學(xué)位以后，被加州大學(xué)伯克利分校錄取。他搬到奧克蘭一個(gè)房租低廉的地區(qū)，靠獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金、貸款、少量的補(bǔ)助金以及一如既往地打工勉強(qiáng)度日。

在伯克利激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的環(huán)境中，金尼奧內(nèi)斯表現(xiàn)出色，高等課程始終門(mén)門(mén)優(yōu)秀。他的優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)論文論述人腦中毒品感受器的作用。作為兼職，他還教授微積分。到了1993年的春季，他的導(dǎo)師看了看他的成績(jī)報(bào)告單，對(duì)他說(shuō)他很有希望進(jìn)入哈佛大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院。金尼奧內(nèi)斯決定試一試。

哈佛錄取了他。于是，在1994年的秋季，金尼奧內(nèi)斯來(lái)到了東部。三年后，他成為美

BY Wei Chunyan

Oct.20, 2015 Unit 4 American Dream

Homework Sheet for Students

國(guó)公民?！澳鞘窃谖曳礁綦x欄后的第十個(gè)年頭，我坐在那兒不禁想到，我的境況改善得多快啊?！?在哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院畢業(yè)時(shí)，他在學(xué)位頒授典禮上致辭。之后，他又去加州大學(xué)舊金山分校接受神經(jīng)外科學(xué)方面的訓(xùn)練。這樣的前景既令人興奮，又令人心悸。一個(gè)非法入境的干農(nóng)活的墨西哥人能成為腦外科醫(yī)生？似乎不可能。

結(jié)果，住院實(shí)習(xí)期成了金尼奧內(nèi)斯美國(guó)之旅的人生低谷?！吧窠?jīng)外科學(xué)是為出身醫(yī)學(xué)世家的人士預(yù)留的,” 他鄭重其事地說(shuō)?！昂苌倏吹较裎疫@樣的人能進(jìn)入這個(gè)要求極高的領(lǐng)域，這是一個(gè)許多病人會(huì)死亡的領(lǐng)域?！?以前，他曾遭受過(guò)歧視——農(nóng)場(chǎng)主的兒子對(duì)他故意視而不見(jiàn)，過(guò)去一位女友的母親因?yàn)樗膰?guó)籍而對(duì)他不屑一顧?！八麄冞@樣做使我心中的怒火燒得更旺，” 他說(shuō)。為了一年掙30,000美元，每周得干130個(gè)小時(shí)，他承認(rèn)有時(shí)他想到了放棄?！皼](méi)能力養(yǎng)家糊口，我感受到了父親當(dāng)年的心境，”他說(shuō)。“但是，我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)?！?此刻，現(xiàn)年40歲的著名腦外科醫(yī)生金尼奧內(nèi)斯大夫正端坐在病人的床邊。這是一個(gè)星期五的上午，在位于巴爾的摩的約翰·霍普金斯灣景醫(yī)學(xué)中心，和他在一起的是這一天他的第二個(gè)腦外科手術(shù)病人。這位六十多歲的婦女長(zhǎng)了兩個(gè)腫瘤，其中一個(gè)長(zhǎng)在控制肌肉運(yùn)動(dòng)的腦皮層中高度敏感的部位。金尼奧內(nèi)斯握住她的手，看著她的雙眼?！笆中g(shù)結(jié)果的好壞，使我每天提心吊膽。壞的結(jié)果可能意味著生死存亡?！?他坦率地對(duì)她說(shuō)。她點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭。金大夫——大家都這么稱(chēng)呼他——認(rèn)為病人值得同情，也理應(yīng)坦誠(chéng)相待?！澳蔷褪秋L(fēng)險(xiǎn)所在，”結(jié)束談話(huà)時(shí)，他對(duì)她這樣說(shuō)?！拔覀円磺袦?zhǔn)備就緒。過(guò)一會(huì)兒再見(jiàn)?！?四個(gè)半小時(shí)的手術(shù)進(jìn)行得很順利——病人蘇醒時(shí)運(yùn)動(dòng)功能沒(méi)有喪失。金大夫?yàn)榇诵老踩艨瘛?/p>

盡管金尼奧內(nèi)斯大夫年紀(jì)尚輕，他的同事們對(duì)他卻印象深刻。“他不僅很有才干，盡職盡責(zé)，而且他能充分理解病人的需求?！?約翰·霍普金斯灣景醫(yī)學(xué)中心的神經(jīng)外科主任亨利·布萊姆如是說(shuō)，“此外，他還是一個(gè)渾身洋溢著歡樂(lè)的人，熱情奔放，充滿(mǎn)行善天下的使命感。” 現(xiàn)在已是晚上七點(diǎn)多，金大夫已連續(xù)工作了12個(gè)小時(shí)。其他醫(yī)生忙著趕回家度周末，而他卻直奔位于巴爾的摩市中心的研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室。實(shí)驗(yàn)室是他手術(shù)室的延伸：他在那里研究手術(shù)中摘除的癌組織，借以找到新的治療方法。他解釋說(shuō)：“我們希望使腦癌變成有點(diǎn)像糖尿病那樣的慢性病，而不是一種毀滅性的致命疾病?！?第二天下午，許多醫(yī)科學(xué)生來(lái)到金大夫家，享用一頓兼具墨西哥及美國(guó)南部特色的露天烤肉餐。在后陽(yáng)臺(tái)上，金大夫邊翻轉(zhuǎn)著烤架上的玉米薄餅邊說(shuō)道：“我想我的背景使我能更加人性化地與病人交往。他們感到害怕時(shí)，我感同身受。令我感到幸運(yùn)的是，病人們?cè)试S我觸及他們的大腦，觸及他們的生命。進(jìn)入他們的大腦，展現(xiàn)在我眼前的是這些不可思議的血管。此情此景總會(huì)把我的思緒帶回到我用自己的雙手采摘碩大而美麗的西紅柿的那些歲月。此刻，在手術(shù)室，看著這同樣的顏色——使大腦充滿(mǎn)營(yíng)養(yǎng)和奇跡的鮮紅顏色，我仿佛回到了田間，正在那兒勞作?！?/p>

BY Wei Chunyan

Oct.20, 2015

第五篇：新編大學(xué)英語(yǔ)Unit2課文翻譯及課后練習(xí)答案

Unit 2 Myths and Legends In-Class Reading Why the Tortoise’s Shell Is Not Smooth

為什么烏龜?shù)谋硽ぐ纪共黄綇倪h(yuǎn)處他妻子們的那些小木屋里傳來(lái)的低聲細(xì)語(yǔ)，時(shí)不時(shí)地被歌聲打斷，但是奧康瓦還是聽(tīng)到了，這是妻子們同各自的孩子在講民間故事。愛(ài)克蔚菲和她的女兒愛(ài)金瑪坐在一塊小地毯上?，F(xiàn)在，輪到愛(ài)克蔚菲講故事了。霎時(shí)，低聲細(xì)語(yǔ)靜了下來(lái)，所有的眼睛都轉(zhuǎn)向她們最喜歡的故事能手。2 “很久以前”，她開(kāi)始講道，“所有的鳥(niǎo)兒都被邀請(qǐng)到天上赴宴。它們非常高興，開(kāi)始為這盛大的日子做準(zhǔn)備。它們用顏料把自己的身體涂成深紅色并畫(huà)上漂亮的圖案?！盀觚斂吹搅怂羞@些準(zhǔn)備活動(dòng)，并很快了解了事情的來(lái)龍去脈。動(dòng)物界里發(fā)生的任何事都逃不過(guò)他的眼睛，（因?yàn)椋┧器餆o(wú)比，詭計(jì)多端。他一聽(tīng)說(shuō)這一天上的盛宴，不禁垂涎三尺。那些日子正在鬧饑荒，烏龜已經(jīng)有兩個(gè)月沒(méi)好好吃一頓飯了。他的身體就像一段枯柴棍在空蕩蕩的軀殼里咔咔作響。于是他穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打地開(kāi)始計(jì)劃如何能到天上去?！?4 “但是他沒(méi)有翅膀呀，”愛(ài)金瑪說(shuō)。5 “別性急，”她母親回答道，“故事（的關(guān)鍵）就在這里。烏龜沒(méi)有翅膀，但他去找鳥(niǎo)兒們，請(qǐng)求能跟他們一起去?！?6 “‘我們太了解你了，’鳥(niǎo)兒們聽(tīng)了他的請(qǐng)求后說(shuō)道?！阍幱?jì)多端并且忘恩負(fù)義。如果我們答應(yīng)你，你馬上就會(huì)施展詭計(jì)。我們老早就把你看透了?！?7 “‘你們不了解我，’烏龜說(shuō)?！乙呀?jīng)脫胎換骨了，不再是你們以前所知道的那個(gè)搗蛋鬼了。相反，我現(xiàn)在既體貼又善良。我已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到，給別人制造麻煩的人就是在給自己制造麻煩。放心吧，我保證不給你們?cè)鎏砣魏温闊??！?“烏龜巧舌如簧，沒(méi)過(guò)多久，所有的鳥(niǎo)兒都一致認(rèn)為，他確實(shí)已經(jīng)脫胎換骨了，于是每只鳥(niǎo)兒都給了他一根羽毛，用這些羽毛，烏龜做了兩只色彩絢麗的翅膀?！白詈?，這盛大的日子終于來(lái)到了，烏龜?shù)谝粋€(gè)到達(dá)了集合地點(diǎn)。等所有的鳥(niǎo)兒都來(lái)齊了，他們就一塊兒動(dòng)身。烏龜飛在鳥(niǎo)兒們中間，非常高興，而且由于他擅長(zhǎng)演說(shuō)，很快就被推選為大伙兒的發(fā)言人。10 “‘有件重要的事我們絕不能忘記，’他在飛行途中說(shuō)道。‘當(dāng)人們被邀請(qǐng)參加類(lèi)似于這樣的盛宴時(shí)，要特意給自己取個(gè)新名字。天上的主人們一定也希望我們能遵循這一古***俗。’ “鳥(niǎo)兒們誰(shuí)也沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這一習(xí)俗，但他們知道，盡管烏龜在其它方面不怎么樣，卻到過(guò)許多地方，知曉不同民族的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。于是他們每人都取了一個(gè)新名字。等他們?nèi)既『昧?，烏龜也取了一個(gè)。他的新名字叫‘你們大家’?！白詈笕壶B(niǎo)飛到了天上，那兒的主人們見(jiàn)到他們非常高興。烏龜穿著他那五彩的羽衣，起身對(duì)主人們的邀請(qǐng)深表謝意。他的講話(huà)如此得體，所有的鳥(niǎo)兒都很慶幸把他帶了來(lái)，對(duì)他所說(shuō)的一切都點(diǎn)頭贊同。主人們把他當(dāng)成了鳥(niǎo)兒們的國(guó)王，尤其是因?yàn)樗雌饋?lái)有那么點(diǎn)兒與眾不同。13 “精選出來(lái)的各種果仁呈上來(lái)吃完之后，天上的人們?cè)诳腿藗兠媲皵[上了烏龜從未見(jiàn)過(guò)或夢(mèng)到過(guò)的美味佳肴。湯剛從爐子上燒好就連著罐子熱氣騰騰地端上來(lái)了，里面全是肉和魚(yú)。烏龜開(kāi)始很響地嗅氣。有甜薯泥以及用棕櫚油和鮮魚(yú)一起煮成的甜薯湯，還有一壇壇棕櫚酒。等所有的菜肴在客人們面前擺好后，有一位天上的人走上前來(lái)，把每樣菜肴都嘗一口。然后他請(qǐng)鳥(niǎo)兒們進(jìn)餐。但這時(shí)烏龜一躍而起，問(wèn)道：‘你們是為誰(shuí)準(zhǔn)備的這個(gè)宴會(huì)？’

“‘為你們大家啊，’那個(gè)人回答道。15 “烏龜轉(zhuǎn)向鳥(niǎo)兒們說(shuō)：‘你們?cè)撚浀?，我的名字就是“你們大家”。這兒的習(xí)俗是先請(qǐng)發(fā)言人吃，然后才輪到其他人。我吃完以后，他們會(huì)請(qǐng)你們吃的?！?“他開(kāi)始大吃起來(lái)，鳥(niǎo)兒們則私下里生氣地抱怨著。天上的人還以為把所有的食物讓國(guó)王吃是鳥(niǎo)兒們的習(xí)俗。就這樣，烏龜吃掉了最好的食物，還喝了兩壇棕櫚酒，于是酒足飯飽了，他的身體脹得胖鼓鼓的，把整個(gè)龜殼都撐圓了?！傍B(niǎo)兒們圍攏來(lái)吃些殘羹剩飯，啄著他扔在地上的骨頭。有一些鳥(niǎo)兒氣得什么都沒(méi)吃，他們寧可空著肚子飛回去。但是離開(kāi)前，每只鳥(niǎo)兒都向?yàn)觚斠亓烁髯越杞o他的那根羽毛。烏龜站在那兒，身上只剩了一個(gè)硬殼，里面滿(mǎn)是佳肴美酒，卻沒(méi)了可飛回家的翅膀。他請(qǐng)求鳥(niǎo)兒們捎個(gè)口信給他的妻子，但被大家拒絕了。最后，最生烏龜氣的鸚鵡，突然改變了主意，同意替他帶個(gè)口信。18 “‘告訴我的妻子，’烏龜說(shuō)道，‘把家里所有軟的東西都拿出來(lái)，鋪在地上，這樣我就可以從天上跳下去，而不至于摔傷了?！?“鸚鵡滿(mǎn)口答應(yīng)一定把這個(gè)口信帶到，然后竊笑著飛走了。然而，當(dāng)他飛到烏龜家時(shí)，卻告訴烏龜?shù)钠拮影鸭依锼杏驳摹⒓獾募一锒寄贸鰜?lái)。于是烏龜?shù)钠拮泳捅M心盡責(zé)地把丈夫的鋤頭，刀子，長(zhǎng)矛，槍甚至他的大炮都搬了出來(lái)。烏龜從天上往下看，看到他的妻子正往外搬東西，但相距太遠(yuǎn)了看不清是些什么。當(dāng)一切似乎都已準(zhǔn)備妥當(dāng)時(shí)，他就縱身一跳。他掉啊，掉啊，掉，直到他開(kāi)始擔(dān)心自己會(huì)這樣一直不停地掉下去。然后，他重重地摔到了地上，那聲響就跟他的大炮轟鳴一樣?！?20 “他死了嗎？”愛(ài)金瑪問(wèn)道。21 “沒(méi)有，”愛(ài)克蔚菲回答說(shuō)?！八谋硽にこ闪撕脦装賶K碎片。不過(guò)，那附近有一個(gè)醫(yī)術(shù)高明的行醫(yī)者。烏龜?shù)钠拮泳团扇税阉?qǐng)來(lái)，這位行醫(yī)者把所有的碎片撿攏來(lái)，粘在一起。這就是為什么烏龜?shù)谋硽ぐ纪共黄降脑蛄??！?/p>

After-Class Reading

Beauty and the Beast

美女與野獸 從前有一位非常富有的商人，他有六個(gè)孩子，三個(gè)兒子和三個(gè)女兒。他滿(mǎn)足女兒想要的一切，但是，除了小女兒，兩個(gè)大女兒都非常自高自大，被寵壞了。小女兒名叫“美女”。她既美麗又溫柔，兩個(gè)姐姐為此嫉妒得不得了。2 在一個(gè)倒霉的日子里，商人得知自己損失了所有的錢(qián)，全家人被迫從城里的豪宅搬到鄉(xiāng)下一個(gè)小房子去住。三個(gè)兒子立即幫助父親張羅外面的瑣事?？蓱z的美女，向來(lái)都是仆人照料她的起居?，F(xiàn)在她不得不在日出前起床，生火、做飯、打掃屋子。但是她很快適應(yīng)了這種生活。她說(shuō)：“哭不會(huì)改善現(xiàn)狀。我必須努力讓自己快樂(lè)起來(lái)?！比欢膬蓚€(gè)姐姐則每天睡到正午，并且還為美女不像她倆一樣痛苦而生氣。一年后，這位父親收到一封信，告知他有一艘失綜的船已被找到，并已滿(mǎn)載貨物而歸。全家人都很高興，因?yàn)樗麄冇忠兊酶挥辛恕Ｔ谏倘穗x家前，兩個(gè)大女兒懇求父親給她們帶回各種各樣珍貴的首飾和漂亮衣服?！澳敲次业拿琅胍裁茨?”父親問(wèn)道。“哦，我什么都不需要，但是如果您能帶給我一朵玫瑰，我會(huì)非常感激的，”她說(shuō)。當(dāng)然，美女并不需要玫瑰，只是她想，為了不使自己看上去似乎在批評(píng)兩個(gè)姐姐的貪婪，她最好得要點(diǎn)什么。4 商人來(lái)到了港口，但是天哪，船已經(jīng)沉沒(méi)了，結(jié)果他依然貧窮如前?；丶視r(shí)他在森林里迷了路，并且天開(kāi)始下起雪來(lái)。“我會(huì)凍死的，或者被狼吃掉，再也看不到我親愛(ài)的孩子們了，”他傷心地想著。突然，他看到一所富麗堂皇的豪宅，里面燈火通明。他敲了敲門(mén)，但 2 沒(méi)人答應(yīng)。他走進(jìn)去，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)壁爐里爐火正旺，一張桌子上擺滿(mǎn)美味佳肴。他等了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，等著主人露面，但是沒(méi)有人來(lái)。他餓極了，于是他最后（忍不?。┏粤艘稽c(diǎn)食物。然后他找到一間臥室，并很快在那兒睡著了。第二天早晨他驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)一套嶄新的衣服擺在他面前，一頓新做的早餐等著他去享用。“這兒一定是仙女們住的城堡，” 他想，因此他大聲喊了聲“謝謝你們”，然后離開(kāi)了。他驚訝地看到雪已經(jīng)消失得無(wú)影無(wú)蹤，面前有一個(gè)可愛(ài)的花園，里面長(zhǎng)滿(mǎn)了玫瑰花叢?！拔抑徽欢涿倒澹o我的美女，”他說(shuō)，但當(dāng)他折下玫瑰時(shí)卻聽(tīng)到了一聲很可怕的聲音。他看到一頭丑陋的怪獸對(duì)他說(shuō)，“忘恩負(fù)義的人！我救了你的命，你卻偷我的玫瑰來(lái)報(bào)答我。你必須死!”但是商人乞求野獸看在他孩子們的份上不要?dú)⑺?。野獸在聽(tīng)說(shuō)了美女和她要求得到一朵玫瑰的故事之后似乎有了興趣。“那么你必須叫她到這兒來(lái)代替你。給你三個(gè)月的時(shí)間?；丶胰?，如果她不愿來(lái)，那你必須回來(lái)。但是我不會(huì)讓你空著手離開(kāi)的。到你房間去，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一箱金子，”野獸說(shuō)?！昂冒?，如果我必須得死，至少我不會(huì)讓我的孩子們身無(wú)分文，”這位父親想，于是他帶著一箱金子回到了家。5 “給，美女，”他說(shuō)，“給你這朵玫瑰。你不知道這朵玫瑰將怎樣使你不幸的父親丟掉性命?！庇谑撬言庥鲆矮F的事說(shuō)了一遍。美女立刻堅(jiān)持要去野獸家，以此來(lái)救她父親一命,而且不愿聽(tīng)任何勸阻。在離開(kāi)家的那一天，她的姐姐們用洋蔥抹眼睛，為她的離開(kāi)并且很可能丟掉性命而假裝悲傷。7 當(dāng)商人和美女到達(dá)那所宮殿時(shí)，燈火依舊通明?；鹜?zé)?，桌子上擺滿(mǎn)了精美佳肴?！芭?，野獸想先把我養(yǎng)肥了再殺死我，”美女想。盡管害怕，為了父親她仍然表現(xiàn)得振作而又勇敢。突然他們聽(tīng)到一個(gè)可怕的聲音，野獸出現(xiàn)了?！澳闶切母是樵傅竭@兒來(lái)的嗎?”野獸問(wèn)?！笆堑?，”美女哆嗦著說(shuō)。“好，那就和你的父親道別吧?！北从^的商人就這樣被迫離開(kāi)女兒回家了。美女肯定野獸會(huì)在那天晚上把她吃掉。（因此）當(dāng)她發(fā)現(xiàn)臥室門(mén)的上方有一塊刻著“美女房間”的金牌子時(shí)非常驚訝。房間里到處是華麗的家俱，書(shū)架上排列著所有她愛(ài)看的書(shū)。還有一架鋼琴供她彈奏。在有一本書(shū)里還寫(xiě)著：

歡迎美女，不要害怕，你是這兒的王后、這兒的主人。

說(shuō)出你的愿望，說(shuō)出你的意愿，你的心愿，馬上就會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)?！斑@一切都這么豪華，我想野獸不會(huì)很快吃掉我的，”她說(shuō)，于是她不太害怕了。10 第二天晚上野獸來(lái)到餐桌前說(shuō)，“美女，讓我看著你吃飯，好嗎? 如果我在場(chǎng)會(huì)打擾你，我就離開(kāi)。告訴我，你是否覺(jué)得我很丑?” 美女說(shuō)，“是的，”因?yàn)樗粫?huì)說(shuō)謊，但她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“但我認(rèn)為你心地非常善良?！彼麄兘徽勚琅_(kāi)始感覺(jué)鎮(zhèn)定多了。這時(shí)，野獸說(shuō)，“美女，你愿意嫁給我嗎?”盡管美女不想讓野獸生氣，但她還是說(shuō)，“不愿意”。野獸開(kāi)始哀號(hào)并且傷心地說(shuō)，“那么，再見(jiàn)，美女，”然后離開(kāi)了。三個(gè)月的時(shí)間里，每天吃晚飯時(shí)都發(fā)生同樣的事情。美女開(kāi)始期待這些見(jiàn)面，而且因野獸的丑陋所引起的恐懼感也消失了，但是每天晚上，在離開(kāi)之前，野獸都問(wèn)同樣的問(wèn)題：“美女，你愿意嫁給我嗎?” “哦，野獸，我要是能同意嫁給你就好了。我會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)把你當(dāng)作我很要好的朋友，但是我并不愛(ài)你?！?/p>

“但是你能答應(yīng)永遠(yuǎn)不離開(kāi)我嗎?”野獸問(wèn)。

“哦，野獸，我非常擔(dān)心我親愛(ài)的父親，我也非常想他?！?15

“啊，那你會(huì)離開(kāi)我，而我這個(gè)野獸會(huì)傷心死的?！?16

“哦，不，”美女說(shuō)道，“如果你讓我去看望我父親一次，我一定會(huì)回來(lái)和你永遠(yuǎn)生活在一起。”

“你明天就會(huì)在家里了，”野獸說(shuō)?！暗怯涀。?dāng)你想回到我這兒時(shí)，你必須在上床睡覺(jué)前把戒指放在桌子上?！?第二天早晨，當(dāng)美女醒來(lái)時(shí)，發(fā)覺(jué)自己已在父親家里，而且房間里滿(mǎn)是一箱箱的金子和漂亮高雅的綢緞禮服，都是野獸送給她的。除了兩個(gè)狠心的姐姐，所有人見(jiàn)了她都十分高興。兩個(gè)姐姐嫉妒難耐，卻裝作非常高興，請(qǐng)求妹妹能住多久就住多久。第十天晚上美女做了一個(gè)夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)中她看見(jiàn)野獸躺在花園里，快要死了。她從夢(mèng)中哭醒過(guò)來(lái)?！芭?，我多么忘恩負(fù)義??！他長(zhǎng)得丑陋是他的錯(cuò)嗎? 他一直對(duì)我那樣溫和，那樣慷慨。原先我為什么不同意嫁給他呢?” 于是她下床，把戒指放到桌上，然后又回到床上睡著了。第二天早晨醒來(lái)時(shí)她已在野獸的城堡里了。她穿上最漂亮的禮服，等待野獸到來(lái)。晚飯過(guò)后，野獸仍然沒(méi)有露面，這時(shí)她想起了那個(gè)夢(mèng)，急忙跑到花園里，發(fā)現(xiàn)野獸躺在地上，就要死了。她俯身伏在他身上，抱著他大哭?！芭叮矮F，請(qǐng)不要死!活下來(lái)做我的丈夫?！彼徽f(shuō)完這些話(huà)，只見(jiàn)眼前光芒閃耀，還有音樂(lè)聲，她看到的不是丑陋不堪的野獸，而是她所能見(jiàn)到的最英俊的王子。王子被一個(gè)邪惡的女巫用可怕的符咒把他鎮(zhèn)住，美女把它解除了，王子向她表示感謝。接著，出現(xiàn)了一位拿著魔杖的仙女，然后是美女的全家人。仙女微笑著說(shuō)，“美女，你做了一個(gè)聰明的選擇，（因?yàn)椋┠氵x取了美德而不是美貌。從今以后，你要和王子一起幸福地生活了。” 然后仙女轉(zhuǎn)向美女的兩個(gè)姐姐說(shuō)，“你們兩個(gè)滿(mǎn)心嫉妒的人，你們將變作兩個(gè)石像但卻仍具有思考能力。你們將站在美女城堡的門(mén)前，看著她每天幸福地生活，直到你們死去的那一天，這是對(duì)你們的懲罰?！?/p>

課內(nèi)閱讀練習(xí)答案

Part One Preparation

1.An Argument about the Sun Sample 1)Both the children are wrong.The sun gives out almost the same amount of heat at any time of the year.We feel sometimes it is hotter, and sometimes it is cooler only because the angle between the sunlight and the surface of the earth varies constantly.That the sun seems bigger at daybreak is an optical illusion.When it appears on the horizon, only a small part of the sky is bright enough to be seen against it.This makes the sun seem bigger.But when it’s high up in the sky, it seems smaller with the huge bright sky against it.That it is cooler in the morning than at midday is not because of the change of the distance between the sun and the earth.It is because of the change of the angle between the sunlight and the surface of the earth.We don’t feel very hot in the morning because less sunlight is received per unit of area when the angle is smaller.But as time passes, more and more sunlight per unit of area penetrates the atmosphere and reaches us, so we feel hotter at midday.2)Confucius was knowledgeable, but not a genius.We can’t expect him to know everything.Everyone has his or her limitations.Another reason is that at that time science was not as developed as it is today and people didn’t have advanced equipment to do research on the sun and the earth.So it was difficult to understand or explain many natural phenomena.3)

―I think Confucius was honest.He didn’t pretend to know the answer.―No one is perfect.One may be an expert in one field, but a novice in other fields.―The children were very curious, a good quality of theirs.But they only saw one side of the phenomenon and then jumped to conclusions.One should consider different aspects before drawing any conclusions.―Children seldom pretend.They do what they want and they say what occurs to them.The two children in the story laughed at Confucius because he could not answer their questions though he was supposed to be a wise man.Adults are less likely to do these kinds of things.2.Chinese Fables

Three at Dusk and Four at Dawn

In the state of Song there was a man who was very fond of monkeys and kept a large number of them.He could understand the monkeys and they could understand him.In order to satisfy the monkeys’ demands, he reduced the food consumption of his family.After a while his family did not have enough to eat, so he wanted to limit the food for his monkeys.But he was afraid the monkeys would not submit to him.So he played a trick on them.“If I give you three chestnuts in the morning and four in the evening, would that be enough?” he asked the monkeys.All the monkeys rose up in a fury.After a short time he said, “If I give you four chestnuts in the morning and three in the evening, would that be enough?”

All the monkeys lay on the floor, happy and satisfied with this proposal.Moral of the story: I think that we can learn two things from the story.First, we should look at the whole picture when we are dealing with a problem, instead of just one side of the problem.If we can’t have a whole view of the problem, we might be fooled by something superficial and can never find the truth.Second, we should be consistent in what we are doing.We should not change our attitude, manner or method from time to time when we are doing a particular job.His Spear Against His Shield In the state of Chu there was a man who had a spear and a shield for sale.He was loud in praises of his shield.“My shield is so strong that nothing can pierce it through.”

He also sang praises of his spear.“My spear is so strong that it can pierce through anything.”

“What would happen,” he was asked, “if your spear is used to pierce your shield?”

He was unable to give an answer.It is impossible for an impenetrable shield to coexist with a spear that finds nothing impenetrable.Moral of the story: This story tells us that we should be logical in what we are talking about.One can not exaggerate too much what he is capable of.Otherwise, he will be laughed at by others.Moreover, one should be honest with other people.A Matter of Dignity

There was a great famine in the state of Qi.Qian Ao, a rich man in Qi, prepared food by the roadside for the hungry to come and eat.Along came a starving man, his sleeves covering his head, his hempen(麻制的)sandals held together by string, walking as if he did not know where he was going.With food in his left hand and drink in his right, Qian Ao shouted at him.“Hey you!Come and eat!”

The man looked up and stared at Qian.“I’m reduced to this state just because I refuse to take anything from loud-mouthed(高談闊論的, 嘰里呱啦的)people giving away food,” he said.Qian immediately begged his pardon but the man still refused to eat and eventually starved to death.Moral of the story: Dignity is more important than anything else.One may lose his life but not his dignity.Today, so many people, in order to reach certain positions or win some titles, give up their conscience or dignity.On the other hand, everyone should respect other people, poor or rich.Only when we are full of respect for other people will we earn other people’s respect.Then the whole society will be in harmony.3.Matching Pictures

1.Aphrodite

2.Ares

3.Hephaestus 4.Artemis 5.Demeter 6.Dionysus

7.Poseidon 8.Athena 9.Apollo

10.Hermes 11.Hera 12.Zeus

Extra exercise: Bedtime Stories

Directions: Of all the bedtime stories your grandparents or parents told you when you were a little child, which one was the most interesting? Share your favorite story with the other members in your group.Sample

Long long ago there were two brothers.The elder brother was rich, but the younger brother was poor.They made a living by cutting wood in the forest.One day when the younger brother was crossing a bridge, his iron axe fell into the water.He was very sad and began to cry.At that time an old man appeared.After he knew what happened, he dove into the water and brought a silver axe to the younger brother, but the younger brother said, “No, this isn’t mine.Mine is made of iron.” Again the old man dove into the water, and brought a gold axe to him.But again he said this wasn’t his.The old man was very happy with this because the younger brother was honest and not greedy.So he gave the younger brother the gold axe.After the younger brother got home, he told all this to his elder brother.On hearing the story the elder brother went to the same bridge and dropped his iron axe into the water.The old man appeared too and dove into the water after knowing what happened.He brought a silver axe to the elder brother, but the elder brother said this wasn’t his, his was a gold one.The old man was very unhappy and brought him a gold axe unwillingly.The elder brother went back home with the gold axe, but as soon as he was home, he became a statue, as a result of the magic power of the gold axe.Part Two Reading-Centered Activities

In-Class Reading

Post-Reading

Reading Comprehension

1.1)Because they were invited to a feast in the sky.2)He saw the birds were busy preparing.3)He planned to go to the feast/sky with the birds.4)They didn’t agree because Tortoise was mischievous, cunning and ungrateful.5)With a sweet tongue, he convinced the birds that he was a changed man.6)He made two wings with all the feathers he got from each bird.7)All of You.8)Nuts, meat and fish soup, pounded yam, yam soup, palm wine, etc.9)For whom have you prepared this feast?

10)Because he knew the answer would be “For all of you”, which was his new name.So he could enjoy all the food first.11)They were very angry.12)They took back the feathers they had lent him.13)He asked them to take a message to his wife.14)Parrot, because he wanted to take advantage of the chance to get revenge.15)He asked Parrot to tell his wife to bring out all the soft things in his house to cover the ground with them so that he would be able to land safely.But Parrot told his wife to bring out all the hard and sharp, not the soft, things instead.16)His shell was broken into hundreds of pieces.2.Ekwefi is telling a story about Tortoise.Long long ago, all the birds got an invitation from the sky to attend a feast there.Tortoise learned about it and with his sweet tongue he persuaded the birds to take him with them and so each bird lent him a feather.Tortoise cunningly thought of an idea that enabled him to have all the food before anyone else by naming himself “All of You.” When they reached the sky, they received a warm welcome and soon the food was presented to them.Then he asked one of the people in the sky: “For whom have you prepared all this feast?” The man replied: “For all of you.” So he ate almost all the best food.The birds became very angry and took back their feathers before flying home.Without feathers, he had to jump onto the ground and his shell was broken into pieces.3.Acting out the Story Sample Bird A: How exciting!All of us are invited to the feast in the sky.Bird B: I just can’t wait.What do you think I should wear? Tortoise: Hello.Good morning.What are you excited about? Bird A: Didn’t you know that we are going to the sky? Bird B: And we are going to have a big dinner.What fun!

Tortoise: How nice it is.What lucky guys.May I go with you? I’m sure we’ll have a lot of fun.Bird A: Yes, we’ll have great fun, but not you.We know you too well.You are full of cunning and you are ungrateful.Bird B: If we allow you to come with us, you will soon begin your mischief.Bird A: We know you of old.Tortoise: You don’t know me now.I’m a changed man.I am not the mischievous man you once knew.In fact, I am thoughtful and well-meaning.I have learned that a man who makes trouble for others is also making trouble for himself.Rest assured, I promise you I will not cause you any trouble.Bird A:(Talking to Bird B)Maybe he is a changed man now.Let’s talk to our bird friends and see if we will take him with us.(After a brief discussion with all the other birds)Bird B: OK.Tortoise, now we all agreed to take you to the sky.Each of us will lend you a feather so that you can have two wings to fly.(During the flight to the party)Bird A: Tortoise is a great orator!

Bird B: Let’s make him the spokesperson for the party.Tortoise: Did you know that we need a new name when we are invited to a great feast like this? It is an age-old custom and our hosts in the sky will expect us to honor it.Bird A: We haven’t heard of this before.But as you are such a learned man, if you say this, we will choose a new name.I will call myself Good-Looking.Bird B: I am Smart-Ass.Tortoise: And my new name is All of You.(On their arrival at the sky)Sky people: Welcome to the sky, our dear friends.We are so pleased to see you again.Please make yourselves at home.Tortoise: My dear respected friends, thank you so much for inviting us to the sky.Nothing can make us happier than this.It is our greatest honor to be here and have a good time with you.Sky people: Thank you for your nice words.Now please help yourselves to the nuts.Bird A: Tortoise is really eloquent, isn’t he? I’m glad we decided to bring him with us.Bird B: Yes.And these are delicious nuts.Sky people: Now the dinner is ready.Please enjoy the soup, meat, fish and pounded yam.Here is palm wine, too.Tortoise: Just a moment.Let me ask you first.For whom have you prepared this feast? Sky people: For whom? Why? For all of you, of course.Tortoise(To the birds): You remember that my name is All of You.The custom here is to serve the spokesman first and the others later.They will serve you when I finish.Sky people(To themselves): Looks like it is their custom to leave all the food to their king first.Tortoise: Mm.Yummy.Mm.I’m full now.You can start to eat.Bird A: We should never bring him here.I am too angry to eat.I’m going home.Bird B: Wait.I am leaving, too.Take the feather from him with us.Tortoise: What are you doing? Leave me the feather.Oh, how am I going home without a single feather? You can’t do this to me!Birds: Bye.Tortoise: Could someone take a message for my wife? Tell her to bring out everything soft and cover the ground…

4.Taking Sides Samples 1)—I don’t admire Tortoise’s cleverness.Actually he was unwise to cheat the birds.After his mischievous behavior, how could he face them and stay together with them? He would have no friends at all.He was clever in a way, but he was very stupid.For example, when all the birds became so angry, how could he have trusted Parrot? He should have jumped into the sea instead of landing on the ground to avoid being hurt.— I admire Tortoise’s cleverness.He was a guy who knew where to look for a nice dinner during time of famine.He knew very well how to have the birds trust him.He was also quick-minded.His only mistake was that he should not be so greedy as not to leave any nice food for the birds.— I sympathize with the birds.They took Tortoise with them to the sky out of kindness, but after flying such a long distance, they had to fly back home on an empty stomach.They were formally invited, but didn’t enjoy the food prepared for them.On the other hand, Tortoise invited himself, went to the sky with the help of all the birds and selfishly ate almost all the delicious food.I think the birds were very unlucky.—I think the birds are stupid.They knew very well that Tortoise couldn’t be trusted as he was always mischievous.But they persuaded themselves that he was a changed man.At the party they should have let the sky people know Tortoise was not their king and they had the right to enjoy the nice food, as they were the guests the sky people had invited.2)The story teaches us that a)we should be honest, and shouldn’t cheat others at any time.If we cheat others, we will be punished in the end;b)we shouldn’t be carried away by sweet words, like the birds;c)a leopard can’t change its spots.Since Tortoise was cunning, he could never change his personality and behave himself.Vocabulary

1.1)A.invitation

B.invited

C.inviting

2)A.prepare

B.prepared

C.preparation

D.preparatory/preparation

3)A.discoveries

B.discoverers C.discovered

4)A.approval

B.approve C.approved D.approving E.disapprove

5)A.eloquent

B.eloquence C.eloquently

6)A.faithful

B.unfaithful/faithless C.faith D.faithfully

7)A.occasional B.occasionally C.occasion

8)A.delivery B.delivering C.delivered

9)A.troublesome/trouble B.troubled C.troubled D.troubling

10)A.assurance B.assured C.assure

2.1)ran/got into trouble 2)no trouble

3)asking for trouble

4)have…trouble

5)The trouble with

6)in serious/deep/big trouble

7)get/getting…into trouble

8)took the trouble 3.1)with a pattern of roses 2)prepared a wonderful/good meal for us 3)promised faithfully 4)deliver this letter

5)a selection of milk and plain chocolate 6)keep out of mischief/behave themselves 7)the sound of distant thunder

8)received approval from the government 9)in spite of the fact that he drank too much 10)agree whether the drug is safe or not

Part Three Further Development 1.Enriching Your Word Power

1)C

2)C

3)A

4)B

5)A

6)B

7)A

8)B

9)A

10)A 2.Myths and Moral

1)--Virtue will be rewarded.For example, Beauty is a kind-hearted and sweet girl.She loves her father and is willing to sacrifice herself for him.Finally she is rewarded with a happy marriage and a happy life.On the other hand, the evil sisters are punished by the fairy.They become two statues that have to observe Beauty’s happiness painfully.--A good heart is more important than appearance.Although the Beast is very ugly, he loves Beauty and has a kind heart.In the end he wins the heart of Beauty and the spell on him is broken by Beauty’s love.2)--Nothing can be gained without effort or hardship.If you want to succeed or make achievements, you have to face and overcome difficulties, or even great dangers.Tang Seng, Monkey and others had gone through eighty-one great dangers or hardships before they could obtain and bring home the authentic version of the Buddha’s teachings.--A person’s strength, skills and judgments are the guarantee of success.Without Monkey King, Tang Seng couldn’t have fetched the Buddha’s teachings.Unlike Tang Seng’s other followers, Monkey developed his martial arts and skills and became so strong that almost no one could defeat him.3.Finding Their Similarities and Differences 1)Similarities:

A.Both of them look like animals and are endowed with human intelligence.B.Both of them have a happy ending.The Beast marries a kind-hearted and beautiful girl and changes back into a handsome prince;Monkey succeeds in getting the Buddha’s teachings and becomes enlightened.His golden band is gone, and he no longer has to be under other people’s control.C.Both of them have a bond.The Beast is under a spell cast by a witch, while Monkey is wearing a golden band which tightens whenever he is mischievous.2)Differences: A.The Beast is actually a real human being.He becomes a beast only because of the witch’s spell, while Monkey is still a monkey though he is finally enlightened.B.They have different personalities.The Beast is gentle, generous, patient, loyal and thoughtful.He was persistent in his love for Beauty.The Monkey is capable, invulnerable, ambitious, brave, and intelligent.3)A.I like the Beast more, because he is loyal and loving.He is very kind and patient to Beauty.He loves Beauty so much that he will die for her.B.I like Monkey more, because he enjoys many magic skills and weapons.I wish I could have those.He is not only brave, but also loyal and obedient to Tang Seng.He goes through eighty-one dangers and helps Tang Seng get the Buddha’s teachings.4.Completing the Story 1)the true reason why there was no such animal in Guizhou 2)they were of no use at all in this place 3)All of a sudden when he saw the donkey, he thought it was a monster 4)He hid himself in the trees while looking at the donkey 5)What kind of animal is this and why does it look different from other animals that I’ve seen? 6)But one day the donkey stretched its thin neck and cried 7)the tiger discovered that the donkey didn’t have any other skills besides crying/had no other skills than crying 8)But he dared not rush to it or eat it just as he did to other animals 9)This did irritate the donkey/make the donkey angry, who raised its hind leg and kicked the tiger 10)

This time he rushed to it without hesitation and bit/broke its throat

5.To Be a Good Story-teller

The Princess and the Pea

Once there was a prince who wanted to marry a real princess.But he had difficulty telling what a real princess looked like.One night there was a terrible storm.Suddenly there was a knock at the door.A young girl was standing in the rain.She said she was a real princess but she looked ugly because of the rain dripping from her hair and clothes.“We’ll see whether she is a real one or not,” the old empress thought to herself.She put a pea on the bed and then put twenty mattresses and twenty padded quilts on it.The princess then slept in this bed.The next morning, people asked her whether she had a good sleep.She answered: “It was terrible.Who knows what was on the bed? I slept on a very hard thing and I am bruised all over my body.”

Now everybody was sure that she was a real princess, because she could feel the pea under twenty mattresses and twenty padded quilts.Nobody except a princess would have such tender skin.The prince married the girl and they lived happily ever after.The pea is now displayed in the museum.The Ugly Duckling Once upon a time down on an old farm lived a duck family, and Mother Duck had been sitting on a clutch of new eggs.One nice morning, the eggs hatched and out popped six ducklings.But one egg was bigger than the rest, and it didn't hatch.But before Mother Duck had time to think about it, the last egg finally hatched.A strange looking duckling with gray feathers that should have been yellow gazed at a worried mother.The ducklings grew quickly, but Mother Duck had a secret worry.“I can’t understand how this ugly duckling can be one of mine!” she said to herself, shaking her head as she looked at her last born.Well, the gray duckling certainly wasn’t pretty, and since he ate far more than his brothers, he was outgrowing them.As the days went by, the poor ugly duckling became more and more unhappy.His brothers didn't want to play with him, he was so clumsy, and all the farmyard folks simply laughed at him.He felt sad and lonely, while Mother Duck did her best to console him.12 Then one day, at sunrise, he ran away from the farmyard.He stopped at a pond and began to question all the other birds.“Do you know of any ducklings with gray feathers like mine?” But everyone shook their heads in scorn.Then one day, his travels took him near an old countrywoman’s cottage.Thinking he was a stray goose, she caught him.Then one night, finding the hutch door open, he escaped.Once again he was all alone.One day at sunrise, he saw a flight of beautiful birds wing overhead.White, with long slender necks, yellow beaks and large wings, they were migrating south.“If only I could look like them, just for a day!” said the duckling, admiringly.Winter came and the poor duckling went to seek food in the snow.He dropped exhausted to the ground, but a farmer found him and put him in his big jacket pocket.The ugly duckling survived the bitterly cold winter at the farmer’s house.By springtime the duckling saw himself mirrored in the water.“Goodness!How I’ve changed!I hardly recognize myself!” The flight of swans winged north again and glided on to the pond.When the duckling saw them, he realized he was one of their kind, and soon made friends.“We’re swans like you!” they said, warmly.“Where have you been hiding?”

“It's a long story,” replied the young swan, still astounded.Now, he swam majestically with his fellow swans.One day, he heard children on the river bank exclaim: “Look at that young swan!He's the finest of them all!”

And he almost burst with happiness.Hua Mulan

Long ago, in a village in northern China, there lived a girl named Mulan.One day, she sat at her loom weaving cloth.Click-clack!Click-clack!went the loom.Suddenly the sound of weaving changed to sorrowful sighs.Her mother asked her what troubled her.“Nothing, Mother,” she replied softly.Mulan’s mother asked her again and again, until Mulan finally told her that invaders were attacking.The emperor was calling for troops.The night before she saw the draft poster and twelve scrolls of names in the market.Her Father’s name was on every one of them.“But Father is old and frail,” Mulan sighed.“How can he fight? He has no grown son and I have no elder brother.I will go to the markets.I shall buy a saddle and a horse.I must fight in Father’s place.”

From the eastern market Mulan bought a horse.From the western market she bought a bridle, and from the southern market, a whip.At dawn, Mulan was dressed in her armor and bid a sad farewell to her father, mother, sisters and brothers.Mulan went to fight in the war for twelve years during which time none of her fellow fighters knew that she was a girl.She was such a great fighter that when the war ended the emperor wanted to name her a high rank official.But she declined the offer and went back home where she received a warm welcome.Her fellow fighters came to visit her and were surprised to learn that she was a girl.