第一篇：成長的煩惱英文文

成長的煩惱英文文

篇一：成長的煩惱英文作文400字

Growing Pains In Memory of the Past Days Looking into the mirror, the man there is no longer that little boy singing and laughing all day long with his treasured toys.Instead, there stand a man who is legally an adult, though he is still immature and sentimental.People say youth is the most precious and the most brilliant in our long period of life, and I agree with it.We are strong in body, quick in mind, we are always full of passion, energetic and high spirited.Youth is the sun in the morning and the rainbow in the sky.We have grown up, suddenly.Looking back of the old days, it seems being a college student can be so cool and so pleasing, no more homework waste your time, no more criticism spoil your mood, no more ignore let you down.We can find our own way and go on it without interference, we can do whatever we want and achieve whatever we have dreamt.But gone with it, are our indelible years, sweet and sour, worth remembering and unforgettable.Still remember the days when dad, mom and I sit around the table, talking about all kinds of things, about happiness and sorrows, about dream and wishes.Every time I am happy and excited, there are mom and dad with whom I can share the joy.Every time I am upset and distressed, there are mom and dad who smile at me and fuel me the power to go forward.Every time I achieve my little success, it’s them who encourage me and tell me “carry on”.Every time I put my foot wrong, it’s them who pull me back and guide me the right way.Still remember the days being crazy with best friend, chasing around on the playground, skipping class to a long waited movie, playing an innocent prank on someone…… the simple, pure and treasured friendship started to grow in that infancy heart.Still remember giving the gift to that girl I love.Though don’t know what love is and means.It’s like magic which attract you and let you forget all the sorrows and sadness.Seeing her smile became the best time life can’t be replaced.Days are gone.No more stupid, no more spoil, no more kidding, it’s our turn to strive and fight for our dream.Little bit perplexed, little bit nervous and little bit excited, not sure what life is in store of me, but not afraid, not regret, not sad.I will keep going and never give up.篇二：成長的煩惱作文開頭

作文開頭

1、踏過如歌的花季，走過如詩的雨季，忽然發(fā)現(xiàn)：以前的歡笑和悲傷，都已悄然放在舊時的枕邊，孩提時眼中瑰麗的紅霞，被晚歸的大雁帶走，眼中少了些頑皮天真的光彩。不知什么時候起曾經(jīng)的琴棋書畫、風(fēng)花雪月已變成了柴米油鹽、前程仕途，對于以前口中吟誦著的“夕陽無限好，只是近黃昏”，現(xiàn)在看來不過是強說愁而賦的新詞墨了。然而，成長的代價卻帶給了我許多真實的煩惱……

2、隨著歲月的流逝，年齡的增長，我的煩惱似乎日亦增多，壓得我喘不過氣來，最大的煩惱就是爸爸那喋喋不休的嘮叨。

3、我喜歡看晴朗的天空，湛藍(lán)而純凈。不知何時，我成長的天空卻有了一片陰霾，變的灰蒙蒙的，我想那叫煩惱吧。

4、深夜，萬籟俱寂，偶爾聞聽一些蟲鳥殘聲，孤寂的心更增幾分凄涼。飄渺的空中，星星若隱若現(xiàn)，皎潔的明月時兒被絲絲云兒遮住，此時夜闌人靜，而我卻睡意全無。

5、成長是一枝美麗的花朵，而煩惱就是小小的蚜蟲，無情地吞噬著我們的快樂生活。

6、告別了幼稚，告別了天真，邁進(jìn)了初中的大門。原來我們早已失去了游戲、玩耍的權(quán)利，失去了院子里的快樂與笑聲，只留下了一束束昏沉的燈光，陪伴著本子上的龍飛鳳舞的鋼筆字，以及淺淺的“沙沙”聲......篇三：英語作文范文及翻譯系列3 英語作文范文及翻譯系列3

一中英語作文經(jīng)典范文一：

In work hard learning, the library is a good place, I study it brings me a lot of knowledge.For every class often in and out of the library I;Selected for the volunteers by the teacher, in the heart very happy, because finally had a chance to service for people!When a small volunteers on the first day, class library all things for me;Is a question mark, for others, photocopies accidentally!A wrong button, the paper places appeared a piece of data only a quarter of the paper, I have to pay.Sacrifice lunch break I went to the library work, the more cautious to fill a book, seeing so many tattered book, thinking “can have such a good study environment, don't cherish” an angry heart.One day, after finishing the book, see a man in the book, a stepped forward to wanted to scold him a lesson, but the thought of Confucius said: “the way of administration, together with punishment, people free and shameless.Virtue, together with the ritual, shame and.” I'm not angry, had to use moral to persuade him, and when no one's in, also won't destroy the book.Busy, the teacher also told us to read, to gain understanding.When moving the heavy book, in fact, think about it, this will not only help the teacher save trouble, also enhance their own strength, every second, why not? As the young volunteers, I though a little tired, but for the teacher to share many things;I am also very happy, because “help others for pleasure this!” 翻譯：

在功課繁重的學(xué)習(xí)中，圖書館是我進(jìn)修的好場所，它帶給我許多知識。因每天下課常出入圖書館的我;被老師選為小志愿者，心中無比的高興，因為終于有機會替大眾服務(wù)了!當(dāng)上小志愿者的第一節(jié)下課，圖書館一切的事物對我來說;都是一個問號，替別人影印資料時，一不小心!按錯一個鈕，出紙的地方出現(xiàn)了一張只有資料四分之一的紙，使我得自己掏腰包了。

犧牲午休時間 去圖書館工作的我，更加謹(jǐn)慎的補書，眼見這么多破爛的書，心想“能有這么好的讀書環(huán)境，竟然不好好珍惜”心中一股氣憤涌上心頭。一天，在整理書時，見到了 一位在破壞書的人，走上前去原想臭罵他一頓，但一想到孔子說：“道之以政，齊之以刑，民免而無恥。道之以德，齊之以禮，有恥且格?！蔽乙膊簧鷼饬耍缓糜?道德來規(guī)勸他，才能在沒人的時候，也不會再破壞書。

忙碌之余，老師也叫我們看書，以增廣見聞。在搬那沉重的書時，其實，想想看，這不但幫老師省麻煩，也增強自己的體力，一舉二得，有何不可呢? 身為小志愿者的我，雖然累了一點兒，但替老師分擔(dān)了許多事物;我也很快樂，因為“助人為快樂之本”呀!一中英語作文經(jīng)典范文二：

Everyone in the path of growth, must through all kinds of test.Some people own learning is not ideal, some bad for your skin and worry, and some to get parents understand and feel wronged...I think it should be growing pains.“You how so careless, English written in capital letters lowercase letters;math is not decimal forgot to add, is the brain around it;the language too, shouldn't always wrong...wrong since time, scores have been falling, straight down to 20 name!” Is the time, this kind of words are often in my mind.I also want to increase the performance to once upon a time, but always can't contentment.Is not the improvement to the subject, is a division of grades and beaten down.Who wouldn't want to test a good result, but each person's ability is different, also the effort by different, so the harvest “fruit” is also different.So I can only say: “do your best!” As a student, I told myself not too bad;I told myself can't let parents down;I told myself can't let the teacher lose faith in yourself...So, my worries are growing.But think carefully, if falling grades so easily becomes good, so don't lose its sense? So think about it, there is less worry a lot.But don't strive for it, it won't come.So, still want to care my shadow, always follow me, this should be most students face troubles.Trouble is important in life, we should be brave to face, with positive attitude, trouble will be gone.翻譯：

每個人在成長的道路上，必須經(jīng)各種考驗。有的人為自己的學(xué)習(xí)不理想而煩惱，有的為自己的皮膚不好而發(fā)愁，有的為得不到父母的理解而感到委屈??我想，這應(yīng)該就是成長的煩惱吧。

“你怎么這么粗心，英語的大寫字母寫成小寫字母;數(shù)學(xué)不是小數(shù)點忘了加，就是腦筋轉(zhuǎn)不過彎;語文也是，不該錯的總是錯??自從一回，成績就一直下降，直降到第二十名!”就是那個時候，這類話就常常在我心頭縈繞。

我也想把成績提高到從前，不過總是不能夠稱心如意。不是那一科的成績提高了，就是這一科的成績又?jǐn)×讼聛怼Ｕl不想考個好成績啊，可是每個人的能力不同，所盡的努力也不同，所以收獲的“果實”也不同。因此我也只能說一聲：“盡力而為了!”

作為一名學(xué)生，我告訴自己成績不能太差;我告訴自己不能讓父母失望;我告訴自己不能讓老師對自己失去信心??因此，我的煩惱也就日益增多。

可是仔細(xì)反過來想想，如果下降了的成績這樣輕易就變好，那么不就失去了它本身的意義了嗎?這樣想想，煩惱也就減少了許多。可是不努力爭取它，它也不會自己過來的。所以，煩惱還是想我的影子一樣，一直跟著我，這應(yīng)該也是大部分同學(xué)面臨的煩惱吧。

煩惱是人生中重要的考驗，我們應(yīng)該要勇敢去面對，用積極樂觀的態(tài)度，煩惱就會隨風(fēng)而去了。一中英語作文經(jīng)典范文三：

Everyone has their own hobbies, I was no exception.My hobby numerous as the stars in the sky, but I most like to read books.Since I was young, I love reading, where I can see, in bed, go to the toilet see, going to travel in the car, even to eat.Mom and dad always hope me the real little bookworm go out to play for a while, but I don't know a person in the neighbourhood, so the book has become my best friend.Remember once I went to a bookstore reading a book, with my mother agreed to go back until five o 'clock, but the sight of the wide variety of books, I swim in the sea of stories to boil.I picked up a book “l(fā)aughing cat diary”, read, and was attracted by Yang hongying style of writing.Time like off the string arrow, blink of an eye by six o 'clock, I remembered that time, is on his way back, met a mother, I look with my mom out in a rash.A few days ago, I was in the toilet for more than half an hour, I was so angry mother nose crooked, is this why? Because I see in the toilet, “meaning Lin” youth version by that mom took her killer response-animal roars at fellow players.However, a yard to yard, reading is a good thing.Now, one in the class, my composition since school reading quantity reach millions of words.The classmates, let us read more books!翻譯：

大家都有自己的愛好吧，我也不例外。我的愛好像天上的星星一樣數(shù)不清，可我最喜歡讀書。

我從小就愛看書，在哪兒都看，在被窩里看、上廁所看、去旅游時在車上看、就連吃飯也不放過。爸爸媽媽總希望我這個不折不扣的小書蟲出去玩一會兒，可是我在小區(qū)里一個人也不認(rèn)識，所以書成了我最好的朋友。記得有一次我去書店看書，跟媽媽說好五點回去的，但一看到琳瑯滿目的圖書，我禁不住在故事的海洋里熬游。我拿起一本《笑貓日記》，讀著讀著，被楊紅櫻的文筆吸引住了。時間像離了弦的箭，眨眼到了六點，我才想起時間，正在回去的路上，遇到了媽媽，我貪看竟把媽媽急得團(tuán)團(tuán)轉(zhuǎn)。

前幾天，我在廁所里呆了半個多小時，氣得老媽鼻子都歪了，這是為什么呢?因為我在廁所里看《意林》少年版看入迷了，以致于老媽使出了她的必殺技---獅吼功。

不過，一碼歸一碼，讀書可是件好事?，F(xiàn)在，我的作文在班里數(shù)一數(shù)二，自上學(xué)以來閱讀量達(dá)到數(shù)百萬字。同學(xué)們，讓我們一起多讀書吧!

高考英語作文范文背誦，以供學(xué)習(xí)參考。

一、如何提建議—— 給交友有困難的同學(xué)提建議

I am sorry you are having trouble in making friends.【引出建議】Here are some tips to help you.【列舉建議】First, why not go and talk to people standing on their own.I agree this is difficult but that person may be lonely too.If you do this, I am sure you will soon have a new friend.Second, you can begin the conversation by asking about their likes and dislikes,【理由】which will make you find people with the same interests.Finally, you should try to join in a discussion, 【理由】letting people know how friendly you are.I hope you will find these ideas useful.二、列舉個例 —— 良好飲食習(xí)慣

As we all know, we are what we eat.Therefore, it’s important for us to form healthy eating habits.However, some students have formed a variety of bad eating habits, such as not having breakfast, loving eating snacks, being particular about food, eating and drinking too much and so on, which will surely do harm to their health.To keep healthy, we should have healthy diets.Not only should we have various foods, like fish, meat, vegetables, fruits as well as rice, noodles, but also we should have the foods regularly and properly.Personally, I think it is important to keep a healthy diet, which contributes to building up a strong body.Only in this way can we have enough energy to study better.三、舉例說明 —— 和諧師生關(guān)系對你的影響

【要證明的觀點】Actually, having a good relationship with teachers makes it easier for us to get along smoothly with our study at school.【引出例子】Take me for example.【例子】My teacher is my good friend.When I fail in the exam, it is my teacher that first helps m to analyze the problem.She is patient enough to make me get over all the difficulties in my study.When I am unhappy she always listens to me carefully and then gives me some reasonable suggestions, so that I can focus on my study soon.Also, I have learned to be helpful and considerate.【重申主題】But for(要不是)the good relationship with my teachers, I could not have made such progress.套語背誦

1.There is no denying that confidence plays an important role in our life.A convincing example that jumps into my mind is about speaking English.2.Such example can be seen easily in our daily life.A good case in point is ? 這樣的例子在生活中很容易見到，一個很好的例子就是??

四、討論或辯論 —— 禁止乞丐在地下人行道行氣留宿

【引出主題】Recently, Guangzhou has passed a law to ban beggars from begging and sleeping in the subways and our class had a discussion about it last Monday.【反對及其理由】56% of the students don’t agree with the idea because they think some beggars really have difficulty in making a living and have to play music in the subway to survive.【贊成及其理由】However, 44% of the students favour the idea because they think beggars bring a lot of trouble for the city.What’s more, some beggars are just taking advantage of people’s compassion to make easy money.【個人看法】Personally, I think it is a good idea to forbid beggars in public places and we should take some measures to help them.五、利弊對比 —— 網(wǎng)購的利弊

【點明主題】Nowadays many people prefer to shop on line.【羅列益處】

Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.First, it’s convenient for us to shop on line.Secondly, it helps save much time, with which we can do more other important things.【羅列弊端】But just as the saying goes, every coin has two sides.Its negative aspects are also apparent.One of the disadvantages is that we are not sure whether the goods we buy are in good quality.【你的觀點】Through the above analysis, I believe that positive aspects of shopping on line for outweigh negative ones.Therefore, I would like to shop on line.六、采訪類 —— 中學(xué)生英語單詞拼寫的問題

Last Wednesday, I had an interview with Mr Wang, an English teacher, concerning the issue of English word spelling among middle school students.According to Mr Wang, slightly more than half of the senior middle school students’ English handwriting is very poor and about 45% of them can not spell words correctly although they are able to speak.He also pointed out that the causes for spelling problems are that there are no specific word spelling checks in exams, and there is not enough training.Worse still, the students are lazy to memorize word spelling.He suggested thatwe should raise the awareness and place great emphasis on that, and above all, we should master skills while we are training ourselves.七、調(diào)查類—— 21世紀(jì)最令人擔(dān)憂的問題

Last week, we made/did a survey among 500 Senior Two students about the most worrying problems in the 21st century.The survey shows that 32% of the students think that they worry about the natural disasters(自然災(zāi)害)most,for earthquakes and floods have taken many people’s lives.Besides, 29% of the students hold the opinion thatenvironmental pollution(環(huán)境污染)is the most worrying problem while 17% of the students consider the housing problem(住房問題)to be the most worrying one.The percentage of the students who worry most aboutemployment(就業(yè)問題)is the same as that of the students who worry most about food safety(食品安全).As for myself, food safety is the most worrying problem because it is linked closely to our health.八、心得體會 —— 誠實/ 勿以善小而不為

1.After reading the story, I am so touched by Alan, whose behavior is worth praising.There is no doubt that honesty still plays a very important role in people’s life and only those who are honest will be trusted and respected by people.(誠實)3.After reading the story, I was lost in thought.I came to realize that people should never ignore the deed of small kindness.Your small good deeds sometimes will get big returns or make a great difference!(勿以善小而不為)

九、記敘事件經(jīng)過或過程 —— 日記或游記

【總述】Today we visited Qinghua University.【過程】 Early in the morning we arrived at the gate of Qinghua University, where we were warmly welcomed by an old professor, who then showed us around the campus.In the library, we saw some university students reading attentively in the reading rooms.After that, we came to the lab building.At the end of the visit, the old professor gave us a lecture on science in the afternoon, which interested us very much.Time passed so quickly that before we knew it,it was time that we had to say goodbye to the professor.【結(jié)果】Since then, I have worked harder at my lessons than usual and made up my mind to be a student of Qinghua University.十、人物簡介 ——用英語簡介李敏同學(xué)

【姓名職務(wù)與特點】 Li Min, monitor of Class 1 Grade 2(同位語), is healthy and lively.【成績與愛好】 Shedoes well in all her subjects, and she is fond of sports, singing and dancing.【事跡】 When she came to school, shehad much difficulty with English, but through hard work she made great progress.In 2006 she took part in the National Physics Olympic Competition and won the first prize.Li Min is very strict with herself in her work and daily life, and is always ready to help others.高考英語作文范文背誦：

假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國筆友Bob將于九月到你所在城市的建新華文學(xué)校學(xué)中文，來信請你在學(xué)校附近為他找一套住房。請根據(jù)圖畫提供的信息，寫信介紹住房的情況，并告知住房面積為25平方米，月租500元。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)：100左右：

2.參考詞匯：房租—Tent(n.).I’m very happy to receive your letter, and I’m glad to hear that you will go to China to learn Chinese here.I have already found a fiat for you.It is on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.Bus No.11 can take you there, and it is one stop before the Chinese School.The flat is on the third floor with 3 rooms, one of which is bedroom, the other two are bathroom and kitchen.There are a bed, a sofa, a desk and some chairs in this 25 square-metres small fiat, and the rent is 500 yuan per month.Maybe this fiat is not as good as your wish, but I’ll try my best to meet your needs.If it is not suitable enough, write to me and I will look for another better place.Hope you will come here soon!All the best!Yours, Li Hua 滿分理由

本文格式正確，意思表述完整，行文流暢自然。作者在寫作過程中注意長短句并用，還使用了以'which，’引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，從而使文章層次分明，富于變化，不愧為考場佳作。

Dear Bob, Welcome to China!You wrote to me to find a place for you.I have found an apartment on Fangcao Street near Jianxin Chinese School.It is on the third floor and there’re three rooms in it: a bedroom, a kitchen, and a bathroom.There is a bed, a sofa, a desk and a chair in the bedroom.The house is 25 square metres and the rent is 500 yuan per month.Also from this house you can get to your school easily.Just take the No.11 bus at the bus-stop in front of the building.It is only one stop.At last, will you please tell me the time you arrive? Then I’U be able to meet you at the airport, see you.Best wishes!Yours, Li Hua 滿分理由

本文格式正確，內(nèi)容完整，表述清楚，銜接緊密流暢，時態(tài)語態(tài)使用準(zhǔn)確，特別是結(jié)尾末段適度的發(fā)揮，既充實了內(nèi)容，又符合邏輯，成為本文與眾不同的亮點。

Dear Bob, How are you these days? I’m so glad to know that you’ll come to our city to learn Chinese.You asked me to find a place for you.Now I’ve found one which I think is pretty good.The place is on Fang Cao Street which is near the No.11 bus stop.It’s just one stop away from Jianxin Chinese School.There are three rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a bedroom.Though it is not very big, only 25 square metres, I think it is suitable.By the way, the rent is 500 yuan per month.I hope you’ll like it.If not, I’ll try to find another place for you.Yours, Li Hua 滿分理由

本文內(nèi)在邏輯性很強，由遠(yuǎn)及近。由外及內(nèi)，層次分明，錯落有致。同時讓步狀語從句運用得恰到好處，很出彩，再則結(jié)構(gòu)完整，從開頭的問候語到結(jié)尾都很完備。

Dear Bob, I’m so glad that you are coming to learn Chinese here.I’ve already found you a house near our school.I’d like to tell you something about it.You may get on No.ll bus at Fang Cao Street and the next stop is just Jian Xin Chinese School.The house is near the school.It is about 25 square metres.In the bedroom, there is a bed, a sofa standing against the wall and a table near the window.You may find a light on the table and a chair next to it.There are two other rooms connecting the bedroom.The left one is a bathroom and the right one is a kitchen.So you may cook by yourself.The rent for the house is 500 yuan per month.Hope you’ll enjoy staying here!Yours, Li Hua 滿分理由

本文內(nèi)容具體，詳略得當(dāng)，表述方式很有創(chuàng)造力和新意，長短句并用，語言結(jié)構(gòu)富于變化，錯落有致，順暢圓潤，尤其是情態(tài)動詞和分詞的運用很獨到，為文章增色不少。

Dear Bob, I’m glad to hear from you.Welcome to our city in september.I’ve found a suitable house for you.The house is on Fang Cao Street, not far from the Jianxin Chinese School.If you take the No.11 bus, it is just one stop.It is a flat on the third floor of a building.It has three rooms, a living-room, a bathroom and a kitchen.You can cook yourself.The mirror, the basin and the bathtub are very convenient for you.In the living-room, there is a bed, a sofa and a desk with chair.The desk is next to the window.It will be good for study.The total size is 25 square metres and the rent is 500 yuan a month.Yours, Li Hua

第二篇：論文 英文文翻譯

湖北汽車工業(yè)學(xué)院科技學(xué)院

畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）開題報告

題 目：

院 系：專 業(yè)：班 級：學(xué)生姓名：學(xué) 號：指導(dǎo)教師：

東風(fēng)汽車公司成本控制與效益分析

經(jīng)濟(jì)管理學(xué)院 財務(wù)管理

KT753-4

張喆 2

魏安敏

湖北汽車工業(yè)學(xué)院科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（開題報告）

東風(fēng)汽車公司成本控制與效益分析

湖北汽車工業(yè)學(xué)院經(jīng)濟(jì)管理學(xué)院 kt753-4-2 張喆

一、選題背景

近年來，各種企業(yè)類型在我國經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的春風(fēng)中生機勃勃、迅猛發(fā)展，其總量已占到全國企業(yè)總數(shù)的99%左右，在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和社會穩(wěn)定方面具有獨特作用，并在推進(jìn)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、緩解就業(yè)壓力和優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)等方面發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。然而輝煌的表象背后卻潛藏著其自身基石的薄弱。企業(yè)的目標(biāo)是盈利，而盈利的前提是生存，長期虧損、收不抵支、不能及時償還到期債務(wù)常導(dǎo)致企業(yè)破產(chǎn)，企業(yè)的生存威脅直接來源于資不抵債。企業(yè)的興衰存亡，直接原因不在于帳面利潤，而在于現(xiàn)金流量。帳面收益不能反映企業(yè)的實力，加強成本控制，對于效益的分析是企業(yè)立足的根本，是企業(yè)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。

二、本課題研究的意義

在現(xiàn)代企業(yè)的發(fā)展過程中，一個企業(yè)的興衰成敗，關(guān)鍵在于對于基礎(chǔ)成本的控制，在于對于發(fā)展目標(biāo)的規(guī)劃，這就需要考慮到企業(yè)對于長遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo)，也就是效益的分析決策，通過對于盈利目標(biāo)的分析來提高自身企業(yè)盈利的能力，與降低企業(yè)的風(fēng)險。研究成本的控制于分析，對現(xiàn)金流量的反映可以增強企業(yè)效益的實效性，利用成本控制更有利于加強財務(wù)控制，更能體現(xiàn)企業(yè)持續(xù)經(jīng)營的能力。

三、國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀

成本作為企業(yè)價值創(chuàng)造的源泉,也是企業(yè)產(chǎn)生利潤的驅(qū)動力,資源以成本的形式完成價值創(chuàng)造,進(jìn)而通過收入的實現(xiàn)完成價值的轉(zhuǎn)移。成本管理作為企業(yè)管理的一個分支,是為了最大化和高效率利用組織資源而進(jìn)行的管理行為。在日益激烈的競爭中成本管理所發(fā)揮的作用越來越大。

為此,國內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界對企業(yè)成本管理的研究一直熱度不減。但從研究方法上來看,國外學(xué)者注重實證研究和案例研究,我國學(xué)者注重理論探討,從研究的內(nèi)容上也存在著較大的差異。

在國外,企業(yè)成本管理的研究主要集中在如何提高成本管理信息有用性和如何利用先進(jìn)的計算機技術(shù)拓展成本管理功能、提高成本管理效率方面,特別是作業(yè)成本的應(yīng)用和結(jié)合ERP的實施對成本管理的創(chuàng)新方面,取得了相當(dāng)?shù)某晒ΑＴ谖覈?對成本管理方面的研究也取得了一定成果。許多學(xué)者結(jié)合西方管理會計出現(xiàn)的新思維、新方法對中國的企業(yè)成本管理現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析、對比,探討了由于環(huán)境的變革而應(yīng)采取的對策。余緒嬰、歐陽清等學(xué)者從總結(jié)我國成本管理發(fā)展歷程的角度,探索新環(huán)境下企業(yè)成本管理的適應(yīng)模式;王平心、鄧為民等人從引進(jìn)作業(yè)成本的角度探索企 1 湖北汽車工業(yè)學(xué)院科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（開題報告）

業(yè)成本管理的新模式;陳勝群、胡元木等人從分析評價日本的成本企劃入手,探索國外先進(jìn)管理技術(shù)、方法、觀念在我國的借鑒與應(yīng)用。1980年9月成立的成本研究會,先后10多次組織全國性的成本理論和實踐研討會,并多次出版《成本管理文集》。國內(nèi)外對企業(yè)成本管理的研究,目前集中在以下幾個方面: 一是關(guān)于成本管理的學(xué)科歸屬問題;二是關(guān)于成本管理的概念架構(gòu)問題;三是關(guān)于成本管理的目標(biāo)問題;四是關(guān)于成本管理的模式問題;五是關(guān)于成本管理信息有用性的問題。

四、擬研究與解決的主要問題

本文主要研究及解決的問題是：增強企業(yè)競爭力，加強企業(yè)的財務(wù)控制，提高企業(yè)盈利決策能力，提高企業(yè)效益。

1.列示過去、現(xiàn)在和將來的支出;反映組織的成本結(jié)構(gòu)和性態(tài)以支持成本管理系統(tǒng)的改進(jìn);2.支持切實可行的戰(zhàn)略計劃并明確管理目標(biāo) 3.引導(dǎo)個人和團(tuán)隊行為,努力實現(xiàn)組織目標(biāo)4 4.為完成組織近期目標(biāo)和戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃監(jiān)控資源耗費 5.預(yù)警財務(wù)狀況惡化 6.資源消耗的適用性

7.明確個人和團(tuán)隊對完成經(jīng)營目標(biāo)應(yīng)負(fù)的責(zé)任

8.有助于分析客戶、生產(chǎn)過程、產(chǎn)品和地區(qū)對贏利性的不同影響 9.為不同的決策者、管理者提供全景式的組織成本結(jié)構(gòu)信息

……..。

五、擬采用的研究方法

結(jié)合所學(xué)的財務(wù)管理知識，根據(jù)企業(yè)的實際資料（包括定性資料和量化資料），并結(jié)合外部環(huán)境，深入調(diào)查，認(rèn)真研究，主要應(yīng)用對比分析法,連鎖替代法,相關(guān)分析法等成本會計常用方法..并用圖標(biāo)來表示,便于直觀.六、進(jìn)度安排

2010 年 12 月 30 日

與指導(dǎo)教師見面 湖北汽車工業(yè)學(xué)院科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（開題報告）

2011 年月 30 日

交開題報告 2011 年月 25 日

交論文提綱

2011 年月 25 日

交論文初稿、交英文翻譯 2011 年月 25 日

論文定稿 2011 年月 30日

論文查新

2011 年月日

提交優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)設(shè)計小論文 2011 年月日

論文答辯

七、參考文獻(xiàn)

《財務(wù)成本管理》 財政部注冊會計師考試委員會辦公室 經(jīng)濟(jì)科學(xué)出版社 《財務(wù)管理》 東北財大出版社 《成本會計》 東北財大出版社 《財務(wù)報表分析》 池國華 清華大學(xué)出版社 《財務(wù)管理案例分析》朱傳華 清華大學(xué)出版社 現(xiàn)代企業(yè)財務(wù)管理[J].趙靜林.中國合作經(jīng)濟(jì), 2006,(03)企業(yè)財務(wù)管理變革趨勢分析.藺新菊.工業(yè)審計與會計 ,2010 05 探討中小企業(yè)財務(wù)管理現(xiàn)狀及其對策.譚麗明.中小企業(yè)管理與科技.2009(4)淺析現(xiàn)代企業(yè)財務(wù)管理[J].趙靜林.中國合作經(jīng)濟(jì), 2006,(03)加強我國企業(yè)現(xiàn)金流管理對策淺析。許世英。中國鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)會計，2008（1）淺析企業(yè)應(yīng)收賬款管理中存在的問題與預(yù)防。邢明池?，F(xiàn)代營銷。2010(10)淺析我國中小企業(yè)現(xiàn)金流的科學(xué)管理。劉雙越。中國總會計師。2009（6）淺析現(xiàn)金流量管理。柏艷?，F(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)信息。2010（4）

淺析加強企業(yè)現(xiàn)金流量管理。王紅梅。致富時代（下半月）2009（12）

第三篇：成長——煩惱!

成長——煩惱！

成長，就是煩惱??！

小的時候，不知道什么是煩惱，似乎也就沒有什么煩惱。小學(xué)幾年的生活平靜得像一碗水，有父母為我“撐傘”，有老師為我“擋風(fēng)”我在全方位的呵護(hù)下，絲毫沒有受損。

有一天，在語文課上，學(xué)會了“煩惱”一詞。凝神想想，走入初中的我并沒有煩惱?？荚嚦煽儾皇堑谝幻?，數(shù)學(xué)成績不理想......最令我煩惱的就是成績的事了，可是老師沒有怪我，父母也沒有怪我，朋友們更是一直鼓勵我。我沮喪，我自責(zé)。我辜負(fù)了那么多人，傷了他們的心，我對不起老師和家長的辛勤培育??！

這天早上，5點半的時候，媽媽那炸雷似的大嗓門喊道：“幾點了？還不起來？上不上學(xué)了？??？快！”這是我每天早上最不愿意聽到的話了，可是也沒辦法啊！于是，我急急忙忙穿好衣服，打算吃早飯。在學(xué)校聽了老師一天的教導(dǎo)以后，回到家。剛一進(jìn)家門，就能聞到飯菜的香氣，這時媽媽就會說了：“趕快吃飯吧！吃晚飯好學(xué)習(xí)啊?！蔽伊滔聲?，來到餐桌旁。

吃過一頓豐盛的晚餐以后，我剛剛坐到沙發(fā)上，打開電視，媽媽的大嗓門就又喊道：“都6點了，咋還不學(xué)習(xí)去？哪還有時間看電視啊？”我不情愿地拎起書包，走進(jìn)臥室，坐在學(xué)習(xí)桌旁，這時候，拿著笤掃的媽媽，就又來到我跟前，開始了“思想教育”，滔滔不絕地講著不好好學(xué)習(xí)會有什么后果，還舉了好多例子，“三單元某某家的孩子好好學(xué)習(xí)，人家考上了南開大學(xué)，還有咱家親戚，別看人家長得不

咋樣，但是人家就是一個聰明認(rèn)學(xué)啊，人家現(xiàn)在考上了北京人民大學(xué)，還是2008年奧運會的志愿者呢，你不好好學(xué)習(xí)，媽在別人面前都抬不起頭啊，以后可......”天哪！我都要崩潰啦！媽媽說的這些我都懂啊，可是她還是要一遍一遍不停的說，哎呀，這就是最大的煩惱了！現(xiàn)在，我初二了，馬上就要升入三年級，站在了人生又一個岔道口上。我將面臨再次的抉擇。如今，則是為了分?jǐn)?shù)而煩惱。面對著那不如人意的分?jǐn)?shù)，心里不經(jīng)意地連著起了問號：“回家怎么交代？老師會不會批評？同學(xué)會不會譏笑？......”說實話，心里真沒底兒！我不由得恨起了，人為什么要長大呢？為何一定要跌跌撞撞才能長大？

成長的煩惱多得就如天際的星斗一樣，數(shù)不完，言不盡。孟子告訴我們：“生于憂患，死于安樂?！贝蟾湃松褪亲⒍ㄒ跓乐羞M(jìn)取的吧！

于是，我終于有了答案：不要為失意而煩惱，也不要為煩惱而煩惱。人生就是宇宙的主宰！讓我們踩著時代的節(jié)拍，去迎接那接踵而至的煩惱吧！

小記者 高梓馨

第四篇：祭祭文文

祭祭文文

祭祀祭文，博大精深。自有人類，伊始流行。上祭天地，下祭鬼神；既祭先祖，父母親人； 又祭事物，古往今情；無所不包，無所不容。誄哀吊祭，辭韻并呈；延今悼詞，盡訴哀情；唐詩三百，宋詞亦同；元曲如此，鋪列市陳；唯獨祭文，無百之稱；先者不備，實乃屈情；拙劣之翁，亦曰齋中，搜索古籍，游獵網(wǎng)中；古今祭文，編篡現(xiàn)存；號稱千篇，又加十旬；古今祭文，十百篇中，追思懿德，勛績皇皇。維我始祖，赫赫揚揚，根深葉茂，源遠(yuǎn)流長。功高萬代，澤被后昆。綿綿瓜瓞，咸秉懿行。薪火相傳，萬世流芳。秉承祖志，續(xù)寫華章。一國兩制，統(tǒng)一良方。召開亞運，民氣高昂。雪域高原，天路開通。嫦娥奔月，萬眾歡騰。五環(huán)圓夢，四海揮觴；神舟攬月，天人共襄；蛟龍潛海，中外矚望；千載騰飛，百業(yè)興旺；昭告吾祖，慨當(dāng)以慷。寄托哀思，盡訴衷腸。陰陽兩隔，尋覓無津；黃沙白草，青冢藏身； 悲風(fēng)號月，寥落英魂；杜鵑啼血，百鳥驚聞； 嗚呼哀哉，疼失慈親。祭物篇中，以史為鑒。盡掃狼煙，重振乾坤。乙酉既捷，家國維新。昭昭前事，惕惕后人。維家崇孝，護(hù)國揚忠；韻押朗朗，辭令當(dāng)當(dāng)；雅俗共嘗，任爾選尋；不曰哀齋，不呼尚饗；祭文不死，興大發(fā)揚；永存盛世，萬壽無疆！

拙劣翁乙未季春于亦曰齋中

第五篇：成長的煩惱

成長的煩惱

成長的煩惱就像灶臺上的蟑螂，令人生厭；成長的煩惱就像飯里的蒼蠅，令人作嘔；成長的煩惱還像夏夜里的蚊子令人憎惡；成長的煩惱還像冬夜里的老鼠，振人耳膜。

然而在每個人成長的過程中，還有誰能沒有煩惱呢？

我現(xiàn)在最煩惱的就是它——考試。每到一次考試，我班同學(xué)就異口同聲地說出了那個字——“啊！”我們懷著無比沉重的心情去考試。卷子上的題非常難還很沒意思。一考試我們連下課玩一會兒的機會也沒不能實現(xiàn)了?？荚囃戤?，上課的鈴聲就響起來了。每當(dāng)考試成績下來了，如果考得不好，就可能被老師、家長一頓臭罵，如果考得非常不好，就會挨家長的臭罵，并且還會受到混合雙打。

我還有最煩的一個事，那就是補課。一到周六周日，我心中自由的小鳥就被囚禁了起來了。因為我從七點——九點，學(xué)英語；九點半——十一點半學(xué)語文；十二點——二點學(xué)奧數(shù)；二點半——四點半學(xué)演講，我是學(xué)完這個學(xué)那個。一天下來我是非常的累，所以我對補習(xí)是非常的討厭。我何時才能脫離這苦海呢？

可是我知道，成長中的煩惱是會永遠(yuǎn)地跟著你的，如果你用平和的心態(tài)去面對它，或許那煩惱就會消失！到那時你就品嘗到了成長的樂趣了！

黑龍江綏化安達(dá)市和平小學(xué)六年八班六年級:許鑫宇