第一篇：四級考試翻譯題專練

四級考試翻譯題專練（中國古文化）

一、《論語》

《論語》(The Analects of Confucius)是儒家的經(jīng)典著作之一，它是對孔子及其弟子(disciple)的言行和對話的記錄。眾所周知，孔子是一位偉大的思想家和哲學家，他的思想被發(fā)展成了儒家哲學體系?！墩撜Z》是儒家思想的代表作，數(shù)個世紀以來，《論語》一直極大地影響著中國人的哲學觀和道德觀，它也影響著其他亞洲國家人民的哲學觀和道德觀。

參考翻譯:

The Analects of Confucius

The Analects of Confucius is one of the Confuciusclassics and is a record of the words and acts ofConfucius and his disciples, as well as theconversations they held.It's well-known thatConfucius is a great ideologist and philosopher, and his thoughts have been developed into asystem of philosophy known as Confucianism.The Analects of Confucius is a representativework of Confucianism.For centuries, it has been heavily influencing the philosophy and moraloutlook of Chinese people and that of the people of other Asian countries as well.二、《孫子兵法》

《孫子兵法》(The Art of War)是中國古代最重要的軍事著作之一，是我國優(yōu)秀文化傳統(tǒng)的重要組成部分。孫子(SunTzu)，即該書作者，在書中揭示的一系列具有普遍意義的軍事規(guī)律，不僅受到軍事家們的推崇，還在經(jīng)濟領域、領導藝術、人生追求甚至家庭關系等方面，具有廣泛的指導作用?！秾O子兵法》中的許多名言警句，富有哲理、意義深遠，在國內外廣為流傳。

參考翻譯:

The Art of War

As one of the most important ancient Chineseclassical military works, The Art of War serves as animportant part of outstanding traditional culturein China.Sun Tzu, the author of the book, revealed aseries of universal military laws which is not only valued by militarists but also playsextensive guiding roles in economy, leadership, the pursuit of life and even family relationship.There are a lot of famous quotes from The Art of War that are rich in wisdom and haveprofound meanings, and are thus widely circulated both at home and abroad.三、孟子

孟子(Mencius)是戰(zhàn)國時期(the Warring States Period)偉大的思想家、教育家?？鬃尤ナ?00年后，孟子傳授并發(fā)展了孔子的學說，他的哲學思想與孔子是一脈相承的。孟子認為人性本善，是社會的影響引發(fā)了道德的墮落，因此十分重視道德教育。孟子的母親在他的生命中扮演了重要的角色，她曾三度遷居，只為了幫助她的孩子找到一個合適的成長環(huán)境。

參考翻譯:

Mencius

Mencius is a great ideologist and educator in theWarring States Period.A hundred years afterConfucius died, Mencius taught and expandedConfucian doctrine.His philosophical thinking hasits origin in Confucius'thoughts.Mencius believes that human nature is essentially good, and itis society's influence that causes the degradation of morality.For that reason, he attachesgreat importance to moral education.Mencius'mother plays an important role in his life.Shemoved home three times only to find an environ

四、秦始皇

贏政(前259年?前210年)，莊襄王之子，秦朝的開國皇帝。他13歲繼承秦王王位，21歲親理國事。在公元前221年，秦始皇統(tǒng)一了全國，建立了中國歷史上第一個中央集權的(centralized)封建國家。秦始皇在位期間統(tǒng)一了文字、貨幣和度量衡等;他所開創(chuàng)的皇權制度，在中國歷史上一直延續(xù)了兩千多年。然而，秦始皇為了控制人民和加強專制統(tǒng)治(autocratic rule), 采取了許多殘忍的手段，其中最著名的就是“焚書坑儒”。

參考翻譯:

Qin Shi Huang

Ying Zheng(259 B.C.-210 B.C.), the son of KingZhuangxiang, is the first emperor of the QinDynasty.He ascended the throne at 13, and tookover with state affairs himself at 21.In 221 B.C., QinShi Huang unified the country and established the first centralized feudal state in Chinesehistory.Qin Shi Huang unified the Chinese characters in writing, currency, and measures forlength, capacity and weight.The imperial power system set up by him lasted for more than2,000 years in Chinese history.However, in order to control people and strengthen theautocratic rule, Qin Shi Huang took many brutal means.The most famous one is “Fen ShuKeng Ru”，that is to burn books and bury Confucian scholars alive.五、指南針

中國是舉世公認的發(fā)明指南針(compass)的國家。最初的指南針叫做司南(Sinan, a south-pointing ladle)，出現(xiàn)在戰(zhàn)國時期。一般在指南針上標有東南西北四個方位，并且還有刻度。北對應零度，刻度隨順時針方向而增加。作為中國古代的四大發(fā)明之一，指南針對人們的生活，尤其是航海業(yè)的發(fā)展，起到了重要的作用。指南針對西方世界也產(chǎn)生了顯著的影響，這些國家由此開始了大規(guī)模的海外冒險活動。

參考翻譯:

The Compass

China is universally acknowledged as the countrywhere the compass was invented.The compass,originally called Sinan, a south-pointing ladle,appeared during the Warring States Period.Generally, the directions of north, east, west and south are shown on the compass, and so arethe angle markings in degrees.North corresponds to zero degree, and the degrees increaseclockwise.As one of the four great inventions of ancient China, the compass played animportant role in people’s life, especially in maritime undertakings.It also had a significantinfluence on the western world, as thereafter those countries began large-scale overseasadventures.六、茶文化

中國是一個文化歷史悠久的(time-honored)國度，也是一個禮儀(ceremony and decorum)之邦。每當客人來訪，都需要泡茶給客人喝。在給客人奉茶之前，你應該問問他們都喜歡喝什么類型的茶，并采用最合適的茶具奉上。奉茶期間，主人需要仔細留意客人的茶杯里的茶量。通常，若是用茶杯泡的茶，在茶喝完一半之后就應該加開水，這樣，茶杯就一直都是滿的，茶的芳香(bouquet)也得以保留。

參考翻譯:

Chinese Tea Culture

China is a country with a time-honored civilizationand also a land of ceremony and decorum.Whenever guests visit, it is necessary to make andserve tea to them.Before serving tea, you may askthem for their preferences as to what kind of tea they fancy, and serve them the tea in themost appropriate teacups.In the course of serving tea, the host should take careful note ofhow much water remains in the guests'cups.Usually, if the tea is made in a teacup, boilingwater should be added into the cup when half of the tea in it has been consumed;and thus thecup is kept filled and the tea retains the same bouquet.七、七夕

每年農(nóng)歷七月初七是中國的情人節(jié)(Valentine's Day)。關于這個節(jié)日有一個美麗的傳說：王母娘娘(the Queen ofHeaven)最年幼的女兒“織女”愛上了人間的男子“牛郎”，王母反對仙女與凡人相愛，就用銀河(Milky Way)將他們隔開。但牛郎和織女的愛情感動了人間的喜鵲(magpie)，每年七月初七這一天，喜鵲會搭起一座鵲橋讓這對情侶相見。而如今在這一天，年輕的女子常在月下向織女祈禱，期望得到美滿的姻緣。

參考翻譯:

Chinese Valentine's Day

The seventh day of the seventh month in the lunarcalendar is Chinese Valentine's Day.There is abeautiful legend about this festival: Zhi Nu, theyoungest daughter of the Queen of Heaven, fell inlove with Niu Lang, a cowherd on earth.Zhi Nu's mother was opposed to the love between afairy and a human, so she separated the two lovers with the Milky Way.However, their lovestory moved the magpies on earth.Those magpies gather together annually on the seventhday of the seventh lunar month to form a “magpie bridge”，so that the couple can meet eachother once in a year.Today, on this day, young girls often pray to Zhi Nu in the moonlight,wishing for a happy marriage.八、書法

書法(calligraphy)在中國的傳統(tǒng)藝術領域占有非常重要的位置。書法已經(jīng)歷時2000多年了。它有五種主要的書寫方式，每種都有不同的書寫技法。練習書法需要文房四寶(FourTreasures of the Study)。書法被認為是一種需要內心平靜的藝術形式。今天，盡管出現(xiàn)了各種各樣的現(xiàn)代書寫方式，但人們仍然經(jīng)常將書法作為一種業(yè)余愛好進行練習。如今，書法在西方也越來越受歡迎。

參考翻譯:

In China,calligraphy occupies a very importantposition in the field of traditional art.Calligraphyhas a history lasting for more than 2,000years.There are five main ways of writing and eachneeds different techniques.To practice calligraphyrequires the Four Treasures of the Study.Calligraphy is considered to be an art form requiringinnerpeace.Today,although various modern ways of writing have come up,calligraphy is stillpracticed often as a hobby.Nowadays,it has also become more and more popular amongwesterners.九、中國結 中國結(Chinese knotting)是中國典型的本土藝術。它的特點是每一個結都是由—根繩索編成的，并由其特定的外形和意義來命名。中國結的傳統(tǒng)源遠流長。在古代，由于沒有現(xiàn)在的配件，如紐扣或拉鏈，人們不得不把服裝帶打結，來綁住他們的衣服。多年來，中國結從原來擁有實際用途演變成一種優(yōu)雅的、豐富多彩的工藝品。今天，人們喜歡中國結，是因為其形式特別、色彩多變并且意義深厚。

參考翻譯:

Chinese knotting is a typical local art of China.Itscharacteristic is that every knot is made with asingle rope and named by its specific form andmeaning.The tradition of Chinese knotting enjoys alonghistory.Without present-day accessories such asbuttons or zips, ancient people had to knot the clothing belt so as to tie their dresses.Overtheyears, Chinese knot has now evolved to a kind of elegant and colorful artware from owningpracticaluse.Today, people are fond of Chinese knot for its characteristic form, colorfulnessand profound meaning.十、中醫(yī)

中醫(yī)(Traditional Chinese Medicine)有五千多年的歷史，是中國古代勞動人民幾千年來對抗疾病的經(jīng)驗總結。中醫(yī)將人體看成是氣、形、神的統(tǒng)一體，以“望、聞(auscultationand olfaction)、問、切”為其獨特的診斷過程。中醫(yī)使用中藥、針灸(acupuncture)以及許多其他治療手段，使人體達到陰陽調和。陰陽和五行是中醫(yī)的理論基礎。五行是自然界中的五種基本物質，即金、木、水、火、土。

參考翻譯:

Traditional Chinese Medicine

Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has a longhistory of more than 5,000 years.It is a summaryof the experience of the working people over manycenturies of struggle against diseases.TCM considershuman body as a unity of QI, XING and SHEN.The diagnostic process of TCM distinguishesitself by “observation，auscultation and olfaction, inquiry and pulse diagnosis”.TCM usestraditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture and many other treatment means to make humanbody be harmony between YIN and YANG.The concepts of YIN-YANG and WU XING laid atheoretical foundation for TCM.WU XING refers to five basic substances in the nature, thatis, metal, wood, water, fire, and earth.十一、儒家思想

儒家思想(Confucianism)是中國影響最大的思想流派，也是中國古代的主流意識。自漢代以來，儒家思想就是封建統(tǒng)治階級(feudal ruling class)的指導思想之一。儒家思想的核心其實是一種人道主義(humanism)。它提倡自我修養(yǎng)，認為人是可教化的、可完善的。儒家思想的一個宏大的目標就是實現(xiàn)“大同社會”，在這樣的一個社會中，每個人都能扮演好自己的角色，并與他人維持良好的關系。

參考翻譯:

Confucianism

Confucianism is the largest Chinese school ofthoughts, and the mainstream consciousness ofthe ancient China.Confucianism had been one of theruling doctrines of the feudal ruling class since theHan Dynasty.The core of Confucianism is actually a kind of humanism.It advocates self-cultivation, and believes that human beings are teachable and improvable.A grand goal ofConfucianism is to achieve a harmonious society in which each individual plays his or her partwell, and maintains a good relationship with others.十二、年畫

中國人在慶祝傳統(tǒng)新年時，有貼年畫(New Year pictures)的習俗。這在宋朝的史料中有所記載。廣大農(nóng)村尤其流行這個習俗。在新年來臨之際每個家庭都忙于往門、窗戶和墻上貼彩色的年畫或剪紙(paper-cut)。傳統(tǒng)的年畫是用簡單清晰的線條和明亮的色彩描繪出繁榮的景象。年畫表達的主題范圍很廣，但所有年畫傳遞的信息一直都是好運、節(jié)日氣息或人們希望的其他好事情。

參考翻譯:

Chinese people have the custom of sticking up NewYear pictures to celebrate the traditional New Year.This can be traced in the historical records of theSong Dynasty.The custom is particularly popular inthe vast countryside.Upon the coming of the NewYear, every household will be busy pasting colorful New Year pictures or paper-cuts on theirdoors, windows and walls.Traditional New Year pictures are characterized by scenes ofprosperity depicted in simple, clear lines and brilliant colors.The themes expressed in NewYear pictures cover a wide range, but the messages all pictures convey are always good luck,festival atmosphere or other nice things in the wish of the people.

第二篇：大學英語期末考試翻譯題專練

Translation Directions: Translate the Chinese given in the brackets into English.Please use words and expressions learned in the texts.1.He _________(確保)the same mistakes didn’t happen again.2.At that time, I ______(發(fā)現(xiàn))surrounded by a few boys.3.I _______(本來打算)give this book to you, but I forgot to bring it with me.4.Divorce is not a matter we can ______(等閑視之).5.It will be rather difficult to ______(符合)the standards set by the captain.6.We have ______（得出結論）that he has told the truth.7.I felt angry at _____（這樣對我）.8.She stared at me _______.(好像不認識我似的)9.His appearance changed so much that you ______(很可能認不出)him.10.This castle ______ the 14th century.(可追溯到)11.You can see how a literal translation of woman’s words could easily mislead a man who is used to using speech as a ______.(傳達事實的手段)12.______(既然)you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents.13.American national basketball team is not as unconquerable _____(你想象的那樣).14.What you said ______(容易讓人誤解)on such a tense occasion.15.The situation on the border of the neighboring nations is quite serious and the two countries are _______(戰(zhàn)爭邊緣).16._______（當我們把一個人稱作是成功者時）, we do not mean one who defeats the other person by dominating and making him lose.17.Anybody ______（禁止拍照）of those precious antiques in the exhibition hall.18.He ___(欺騙了很多人，使他們相信)he is a rich man..19.Anthropologists believe that most food likes and dislikes are_______.（不同的人不同的生活方式的結果）

20.This would seem to show that a lot of _______(你對藥物如何反應)is in your mind rather than in your body.

第三篇：初中英語數(shù)詞專練帶初中翻譯題

初中英語中考專項練習之數(shù)詞

姓名 成績

1.He always wanted to have ___of books and he has recently bought four ____.A.hundred,hundredB.hundreds,hundred

C.hundreds,hundredsD..hundred,hundred

2.here are ____workers in the factory.A.two thousandsB.two thousand

C.two thousands ofD.two-thousand

3.The People’s Republic of China was founded ____,1949.A.in October 1B.on October 1stC.in October 1stD.October 1

4.Lucy:When were you born?Bill：I was born ___,1970.A.on October twelvethB.on October twelfth

C.on October twelvesD.in twelfth October

5.Tom was ___to get to school and I was ____.A.first,ninthB.a first,a ninth

C.the first,the ninthD.the second,the nineth

6.Autumn is ____season in a year.A.the fourthB.a thirdC.the thirdD.the threeth

7.__of the books are English ones.A.One-fifthB.One-fifthsC.One-fiveD.first-fifth

8.Beijing is ____largest city in China.A.secondB.the secondC.twoD.the two

9.—David，how old is your father this year?

__ _________.And we just had a special party for his_______birthday last week.A.Fortieth;fortyB.forty;fortyC.Forty;fortiethD.Fortieth;fortieth

10.The teacher said ______boys must take part in the dance show.A.two thirdB.two thirdsC.two threeD.twos threes

11._______people died in Wenchuan earthquake.It's terrible.A.ThousandB.Thousand ofC.Thousands ofD.Two thousands

12.About ____of the students in our class were born in the _____.A.two third,in the 1990sB.two thirds, in the 1990

C.two thirds,in the 1990sD.two thirds, in the 1990

13.___How do you read‘march 8th“？

——it reads”march _______"

A.eightB.eighthC.the eighthD.the eight

14.The olympic games are held _____.A.every four yearsB.every four year

C.every fourth yearsD.every four--years

15.-----Jakie Chan has donated _____dollars to charity.-----he is really a good example to us.A.thousandB.thousand ofC.thousands ofD.thousands

16.Football is so exciting that _____people in the world play it.A.millionB.millions ofC.two millions ofD.three millions of

17.---Do you have enough students to clean the room?

----No, i think we need _______students.A.anotherB.more twoC.two moreD.more one

18.My uncle bought me an iphone for my ________birthday.A.twelveB.twelfthC.the twelveD.the twelfth

19Now,everybody please turn to page ____and look at the _____picture.A.fifth,fifthB.five,fifthC.fifth,fiveD.five ,five 將下列句子翻譯成英語

1、謝謝你把字典借給我。

2.他太害羞不敢在公共場合做演講。

3.我們的作業(yè)必須準時交。

4.你知道火車站是什么時候修建的嗎？

參考答案：1-5 BBBBC6-10 CABCB11-15 CCCAC 16-19 BCBB1、thank you for lending me the dictionary.2、He is too shy to make a speech in public.3、Our homework must be handed in on time4、Do you know when the railway station was built?

第四篇：四級翻譯預測題

四級翻譯預測題：

20年前，很多人對創(chuàng)業(yè)者(entrepreneur)的態(tài)度是不理解和不信任。但是現(xiàn)在，這個形勢已經(jīng)發(fā)生了根本的變化。不僅人們對創(chuàng)業(yè)者的態(tài)度發(fā)生了變化，同時在政策上有很多扶持，也有很多的獎項來表彰創(chuàng)業(yè)者。現(xiàn)在如果一個有志青年去創(chuàng)業(yè)，他會受到很多贊許的目光，我們會為他鼓勁、加油。一些扶持政策也會幫助他成功創(chuàng)業(yè)，在社會輿論環(huán)境上，方方面面都給現(xiàn)在的創(chuàng)業(yè)者提供了一個非常好的一個平臺。

參考譯文： years ago, many people did not understand or trust entrepreneurs.But now the situation has radically changed.Not only has people's attitude towards entrepreneurs changed, but also there are a lot of support in terms of policy and many awards to commend their achievements.Now if an aspiring young person wants to start a business, he or she will receive a lot of praise.People will cheer for him or her.He or she will get policy support as well.In terms of public opinion environment, besides many other favorable aspects, a very good platform has been created for entrepreneurs today.詞句點撥：

政策上有很多扶持：a lot of support in terms of policy 表彰創(chuàng)業(yè)者：commend their achievements 有志青年：aspiring young person 社會輿論環(huán)境：public opinion environment 四級翻譯預測題：

請將下面這段中文翻譯成英文：

中國土地廣闊，人口眾多。盡管全國都講漢語，但是不同地區(qū)的人說漢語的方式不同，這被稱為方言。方言一般被稱為地方話，是漢語在不同地區(qū)的分支，只在特定地區(qū)使用。漢語方言非常復雜。它們有以下三方面不同：發(fā)音、詞匯和語法。發(fā)音的區(qū)別最為顯著。2000多年前，中國人發(fā)現(xiàn)社交時應該使用同一的語言。和方言相比，普通話能被所有人理解。普通話有利于不同種族、地區(qū)人民之間的信息傳遞和文化交流。

參考譯文：

China has a vast land and a large population.Even though the Chinese language is spoken all over the country, people in different areas speak it in different ways, which are called dialects.Generally called local languages, dialects are branches of the Chinese language in different regions, and are only used in certain areas.Dialects of the Chinese language are very complicated.They differ from each other in three aspects: pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar.And the difference in pronunciation is the most outstanding.Over 2000 years ago, Chinese people realized that a common language should be used in social activities.Compared with dialects, mandarin can be understood by all people in China.The use of mandarin can contribute to information transmission and cultural exchange between ethnic groups and people in different places.詞句點撥：

1、中國土地廣闊，人口眾多

China has a vast land and a large population

2、A在不同地區(qū)的分支

branches of A in different regions

3、信息傳遞

information transmission

4、文化交流

cultural exchange

5、社交活動

social activities

中國五年前根本沒有高速鐵路。但是現(xiàn)在高鐵列車(high-speed trains)的票經(jīng)常很快就售罄，盡管發(fā)車間隔比較短。人們能夠很方便地以兩倍于美國火車最髙速的速度在全國周游。高速鐵路系統(tǒng)的運菅非常成功，它運載的乘客是全國民航(civil aviation)系統(tǒng)運載的乘客的兩倍。中國有世界上最先進的、低排放的快速運輸系統(tǒng)之一，而做到這一點僅僅用了五年。

參考譯文：

China didn't have a high-speed rail five years ago.But now the tickets of high-speed trains are usually sold out very quickly, even though the departure interval is quite short.And people can conveniently travel around the nation at a speed that doubles the speed of the fastest American train.The operation of high-speed rail system is very successful;it carries twice as many passengers as the nation's civil aviation system.China has one of the most advanced rapid transit systems with low emissions in the world, and it only takes five years to achieve this.詞句點撥

1.但是現(xiàn)在高鐵列車的票經(jīng)常很快就售罄，盡管發(fā)車間隔比較短“售罄”:可譯為sell out，意為“賣完了，賣光了”;“發(fā)車間隔”譯為departure interval。

2.人們能夠很方便地以兩倍于美國火車最高速的速度在全國周游:“以...的速度”可譯為at a speed...，speed意為“速度”“;兩倍于”即“是...的兩倍”，可譯為double,也可譯為twice。

3.高速鐵路系統(tǒng)的運營非常成功，它運栽的乘客是全國民航系統(tǒng)運載的乘客的兩倍:“運栽”可用carry來表示。“倍數(shù)+as+many/much/large等形容詞+(比較的內容)+as”為英語中表達倍數(shù)時常用的結構，中間的形容詞根據(jù)比較的內容來定，如比較大小則用as large as,表示“是...的兩倍大”則為twice as large as。

如今，越來越多的大學生抱怨很難找到好工作。造成這一現(xiàn)象的原因如下：首先，大學生把在校的大多數(shù)時間都用在了專業(yè)學科學習上，只有當他們開始找工作的時候，才意識到自己缺乏必要的職業(yè)培訓。其次，大學生之間的競爭也越來越激烈，這導致任何一名大學生找到工作的機會都變小了。因此，強烈建議大學生在課余時間做一些兼職工作，以積累相關的工作經(jīng)驗。

Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job.The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training.Second, competition among graduates has become more and more fierce.And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job.Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience.自從1978年經(jīng)濟改革以來，中國已經(jīng)完成了從中央計劃經(jīng)濟(centrally planned economy)向市場經(jīng)濟(market based economy)的轉變。超過6億人已經(jīng)脫離了貧困，但是仍然有超過1.7億人生活在國際貧困線以下天少于1.25美元。2012年，中國的人均GDP 為12405.67美元，這是30年前的37倍。到2018年，中國的人均 GDP將從世界第90位上升到第75位。然而，這仍然是低于預計的世界平均水平。

Since initiating market reforms in 1978，China has shifted from a centrally planned to a market based economy.More than 600 million citizens have been lifted out of poverty, but over 170 million people still live below the $1.25-a-day international poverty line.In 2012, China’s GDP(PPP)per capita was $12,405.67.This is 37 times higher than what it was just 30 years ago.By 2018，China’s GDP per capita will climb from the 90th to 75th highest in the world.This however will still be below the forecasted world average.“剩女(leftover women)”這個詞被用來指那些在二十八九歲，甚至更大年齡仍未結婚的女性。有些人認為“剩女”是需要認真對待的社會力量,而另一些人則主張這個詞應被視為褒義詞，意思是“成功女性”。據(jù)2010年的中國婚姻調查(Chinese National Marriage Survey)報道，90%的男人認為女人應該在27歲之前結婚。在中國，大部分“剩女”都是受過良好教育的中產(chǎn)階級。跟以前幾代人相比，如今的女性更加自由，更能夠獨立生活。

參考譯文：

“Leftover women”is a term that refers to women who remain unmarried in their late twenties and beyond.Some people regard leftover women as a social force to be reckoned with”,while others have argued that the term should be taken as a positive term to mean“successful women”.In a 2010 Chinese National Marriage Survey,it was reported that 9 out of 10 men believe that women should be married before they are 27 years old.In China leftover women are mostly well-educated middle class.Women today are more free and able to live independently in comparison to previous generations.絲綢之路(the Silk Road)是歷史上連接中國和地中海的一條重要貿(mào)易路線。因為這條路上的絲綢貿(mào)易占絕大部分，所以在1877年它被德國的一位地理學家命名為“絲綢之路”。這條古道從長安開始，經(jīng)過河西走廊(the Hexi Corridor),到達敦煌后分成三條：南部路線，中部路線和北部路線。這三條路遍布新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region)，然后擴展到巴基斯坦(Pakistan)，印度，甚至羅馬。

The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean.Because silk comprised a large proportion of trade along this road, in 1877, it was named the Silk Road by an eminent German geographer.This ancient road begins at Chang’an, then by way of the Hexi Corridor，and it reaches Dunhuang, where it divides into three, the Southern Route，Central Route and North?ern Route.The three routes spread all over the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and then they extend as far as Pakistan, India and even Rome.中國將進一步發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、擴大開放，這對海外企業(yè)(enterprises)意味著更多的商機。改革開放以來，中國企業(yè)與海外企業(yè)一直積極開展經(jīng)濟技術合作，并取得了巨大成就。海外企業(yè)不僅幫助中國企業(yè)的成長，而且也在合作中取得了收益。中國政府將繼續(xù)提供有力的政策和條件，推動中國企業(yè)與國外企業(yè)進一步開展合作。

China will develop its economy further and open itself wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises.Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have been cooperating with overseas enterprises in terms of economy and technology, and have scored great/ tremendous achievement.Overseas enterprises have not only helped Chinese enterprises with their growth, but also benefited from the cooperation.Chinese government will continue to offer favorable policies and conditions to promote the further cooperation between Chinese and overseas enterprises.在中國，廣場舞非常受中老年婦女們的歡迎，在城市廣場或開闊的地方你經(jīng)常可以見到她們賣力做動作的身影。但因其噪音大又擾民，很多人對此頗有怨言。你認為廣場舞擾民嗎?

Editor s note: Square dancers in Beijing may be fined if their acts disturbpublic order, according to the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau.Thesquare dancing or guangchangwu is a popular pastime among older Chinese women,who can often be spotted displaying their moves in open areas in the city.Thepractice has generated widespread public complaints about loud music anddisruption.Do you think square dancing is causing annoyance?

北京市公安局日前已出臺管理條例，如果跳廣場舞擾亂公告秩序，相關人員將被罰款。在中國，廣場舞非常受中老年婦女們的歡迎，在城市廣場或開闊的地方你經(jīng)?？梢砸姷剿齻冑u力做動作的身影。但因其噪音大又擾民，很多人對此頗有怨言。你認為廣場舞擾民嗎?

Quarrytone(China)

Quarrytone(中國)

There s a growing chorus of complaints in society about the loud music lateat night.If it s near a mall or public square, there is no problem, but whenit s near apartment blocks and disturbs residents, it would be better if thegovernment regulates it, just like in many western countries。

社會越來越多人抱怨晚上吵鬧的音樂。我認為如果是在購物中心或者公共廣場附近，那沒有問題。但是如果是在住宅區(qū)附近，打擾到居民時，政府就應該出面管理一下，很多西方國家就是這樣做的。

Bebilzebub(UK)

Bebilzebub(英國)

It s a load of(mostly)older women getting together to do some exerciseand, judging by the smiles on their faces, having a good time while they reatit.I love cycling around a city and seeing people dancing.It s fantastic.Longmay it continue。

現(xiàn)在很多中老年(大部分是)婦女們聚在一起做鍛煉，從她們臉上的笑容就能看出她們很享受。我喜歡騎自行車在城市里瞎轉，看大家一起跳舞。感覺非常棒。希望廣場舞可以繼續(xù)跳下去。

Chris(Australia)

Chris(澳大利亞)

I live in China, and find this a rather charming pastime.But there is aneed for a restriction on the number of loudspeakers in a given area。

我住在中國，我認為廣場舞是個非常有魅力的娛樂活動。但是一塊區(qū)域的喇叭數(shù)量應有所限制。

Glen(UK)

Glen(英國)

Oh please.The dancing grannies are hardly out there all night long rockingout.Yes, it s a little loud for about an hour somewhere between 7-9 pm.Iabsolutely love cruising around Shanghai on a nice evening and seeing all theladies getting their groove on, such as it is.It s a lovely aspect of lifehere。

拜托，這些跳舞大媽又沒有一晚上都在嗨皮。的確，7點9點那會兒確實會有點吵。但我特別喜歡在舒服的傍晚繞著上海市瞎轉悠，看見這些女士們開心地跳舞，雖然她們有時跳得并不好。這是這個城市生活中很有愛的一面。

Smartnova(US)

Smartnova(美國)

I absolutely HATE it because I experienced it.They dance more than 10hours a day everyday, often til midnight, on the ground of your apartmentbuilding with loud, noisy music.Is this kind of you life you want to live ondaily basis? It becomes so infectious now in the cities throughout China.It stime to have government step in to regulate it。

我真的很討厭。廣場舞，因為我經(jīng)歷過。她們在樓下一天能跳十個小時以上，經(jīng)常會跳到深夜，音樂聲很大，很吵。要是你，你愿意每天在這種環(huán)境中生活嗎?現(xiàn)在廣場舞在中國太泛濫了。政府是時候介入來管一管了。

有人說，單詞是做好閱讀的關鍵;然而這并不意味著只要弄懂單詞就行了;閱讀理解，還有一個關鍵就是：讀懂句子，掌握各個句子之前的邏輯關系，這樣才能順利的理解文章的意思。下面就讓我們一起看看閱讀中常考的邏輯關系吧!

首先是我們最熟悉的因果關系。

因：because、because of、for、as、since、in that、on account of、with

果：so、so that、therefore、thereby、as a result、hence、thus、consequently、accordingly

因果關系除了傳統(tǒng)意義上的顯性因果表達詞外，隱性的因果同樣是不可忽略的一個重要部分。

隱性因果：

A 導致(因-果)：cause、reason、lead to、give rise to、result in、render、make、let、ask、push、stimulate、fuel、produce

如：The increased presures of expanding population have led to the removal of woody plants so that many cities and tow are surrounded by large areas completely lacking in trees.在這段話中，有l(wèi)ead to表示了導致的意思，即結果，而so that更進一步表示了后面的結果，所以可以充分判定這段話有因果關系的邏輯。

B 由?而來(果-因)：result from、derive from、originate from、initiate from、stem from、be attributable to

如：“The extreme serioue of desertification results from the vast areas of land and tremendous numbers of people affected，as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the proce.”

在這段話中，根據(jù)result from可以推斷出有因果關系，那如果是解釋句子題時，選項中有因果關系就可以優(yōu)先考慮。

C 反映，體現(xiàn)(果-因)：reflect、present、demonstrate、suggest、imply

D 考慮到：given、considering、in view of、thanks to、according to

He succeeded thanks to(in view of)his effort.E 依賴于：rely on、depend on、resort to

He resorted to books when he had problems.F 條件關系：when、once、as soon as、As long as

As soon as he got the money, he would leave the country at once.G 分詞短語，不定式做狀語：Failing in the final exam, she cried.在漫長的30分鐘四級聽力中，最怕的就是撿了芝麻，丟了西瓜。最重要的信息經(jīng)常會因為一時疏忽而丟掉分數(shù)。所以，在四級聽力中，一定要抓住以下這七類關鍵詞!

一、轉折性詞匯

學會聽轉折詞匯，如yet, however, though, whereas, unfortunately, unexpectedly, instead, rather than, other than, to be frank, frankly speaking, to tell you the truth,etc.二、邏輯類詞匯

表原因：because, because of, for, as, due to, owing to, in that, now that, according to;

表結果：therefore, so, as a result, consequently, eventually;

表遞進：apart from, in addition, furthermore, what's more, moreover,etc.三、最高級詞匯

形容詞和副詞的最高級最需要關注，如most importantly, the most popular...the biggest of...四、事實羅列詞匯

在諸如actually, in fact, as a matter of fact,etc.這些詞匯后可能是關鍵的考點

五、序數(shù)詞

如the first, firstly and finally

六、情態(tài)動詞

如sb.has got to, can , could, may, might, need,should, ought to,etc

七、重要形容詞

表示重要的詞本身就很重要呢，如important, crucial, chief,major,significant, the only, unique, essential, necessary, vital, etc.四級作文常用的70個基本術語，考前趕緊背下來吧!

1.接觸各種思想/經(jīng)歷：be exposed to new ideas/experiences/problems

2.人們認為：it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that

3.許多問題：a host/ number of problem

4.引起人們注意：claim call/attract general/public/world attention to sth.5.意識到：there is a growing awareness(知道)/realization of/that，awaken sb.To the fact/danger

6.適應新的形勢/變化：adapt/adjust/accommodate(使適應)oneself to new environment/ change

7.越來越：be increasingly +adj.，be on the rise，a growing number of

8.接觸社會：come into frequent/close contact with the world/society

9.獲得成功：achieve/accomplish success

10.提出觀點/建議：advance/put forward/come up with the arguments/ideas/suggestions

11.作出努力：make tremendous(極大的)/persistent(持久穩(wěn)固的)/sustained(持續(xù)不變的)effort to do sth.，take great pains to do(with work/study)

12.影響學習：interfere with studies/work

13.產(chǎn)生影響：have/exert a profound(深刻的)influence on life/personality，have a dramatic/ undesirable(令人不快的)effect on

14.較好地駕馭生活：be a better pilot of one’s life

15.剝奪機會/權力：deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity

16.取代：substitute(替代)for/take the place of the old way

17.采取措施：take effective steps/measures to

18.控制我們的環(huán)境：take/gain increasing control over our own environment

19.躲避危險/挑戰(zhàn)：shy(躲避)/run away from the dangers/challenge

20.滿足要求：meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of

21.補償損失：compensate for / make up for the loss/damage

22.解釋某現(xiàn)象：account for / explain the phenomenon

23.對??很好的了解：have a better understanding/appreciation of，have a new perspective(觀點)on，provide/gain an insight into

24.把某因素考慮進去：takesth.into account(consideration)，give much thought to

25.品位人生/自由青春：savor the life/freedom/youth

26.培養(yǎng)對??的信心：develop/foster one’s interest/confidence in

27.經(jīng)歷變化/困難/艱險：undergo/experience great changes/hardships/experience

28.表現(xiàn)出自信心等： project one’s confidence/feeling/image

29.生活充滿不公正的地方：life is full of minor irritation/injustice

30.追求學習/職業(yè)：pursue one’s academic(理論的)interest/professional career

31.學習知識/技術：pursue/acquire knowledge/technology/skill

32.被看作學習的??榜樣：be held up as a good example

33.交流經(jīng)驗/知識：share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge

34.發(fā)揮/起到重要作用：play an(important/active/great)role/part

35.逃學/缺課：skip school/a class/a meeting/a lecture

36.知識/經(jīng)驗豐富：rich in knowledge/experience

37.確立/追求目標：set/pursue a goal/higher standard

38.到達目標：achieve/accomplish/stain the goal/aim/object

39.克服困難：overcome obstacles/difficulty

40.面臨危險/困難：be confronted/faced with/in the face of danger/difficulty

41.阻礙了成功：stand in the way of success，be an obstacle(障礙)/barrier to success/ growth

42.阻礙了發(fā)展：hamper/impede/stunt the development of 43.持傳統(tǒng)的看法：hold conventional wisdom 44.發(fā)表看法：voice/express one’s opinion 45.持相反/合理的觀點：take the opposite/fresh view 46.揭穿某種一貫的說法：shatter the myth of 47.求得幫助：enlist one’s support/help 48.建立在大量的學習/實踐上：build on tremendous amount of study/practice 49.把成功/錯誤歸咎于：attribute/own the success/failure to 50.對??重要：be indispensable/important/vital to 51.施加壓力：put/exert a academic pressure on 52.重視：assign/attach much importance/significance to 53.強調：place/put much emphasis/stress/value on 54.把注意力集中在：focus/concentrate one’s attention/efforts/thoughts upon 55.提供機會/信息：provide/offer/furnish an opportunity/information for sb.56.抓住機會：grab/seize/take the opportunity 57.得到機會：enjoy/gain access to a opportunity/likelihood that 58.有可能：there is(little/much)possibility/likelihood that，chances/the odds(可能的機會)are that

59.展開競爭：compete against/with sb.for the prize/position/control/the mastery of

60.開展運動：conduct(carryon/undertake/initiate/launch/wage)a vigorous/nation-wide/ publicity/advertising)

61.對我很有/沒有什么意義：make much/little sense to me

62.帶來無窮的幸福/滿足：be a source of happiness satisfaction/contentment(滿意)/pride/ complaint

63.獻身于：devote/dedicate/commit oneself to a cause /career

64.大不(沒什么)兩樣：make much(little/no)difference

65.真正重要的是：what really matters/accounts is??

66.改變生活旅程：change/alter the course of life

67.縮小差別：bridge/narrow/fell the gap/gulf(between city and country)

68.進行調查/執(zhí)行任務：conduct/carry out an study/task/experiment

69.辭去工作/學習：leave/quit one’s job/work/school

70.參加考試/競賽等：enter(for)the examination/contest, race

第五篇：英語四級翻譯題

1.It作形式主語時的常用句型

㈠形式一：It is+形容詞+that/wh-從句

例：It is important_____________________(保持生態(tài)平衡)。

答案：that we should keep the balance of nature

(本題考查It 作形式主語時的用法，英語中的主語從句有時為了避免頭重腳輕，常用it 作形式主語，而真正的主語用that引導放在后面)

㈡形式二：It+不及物動詞+that?

例：He has been here only three days and_______________________(由此可見他對那事一無所知)。

答案：it follows that he knows nothing about that

(本題考查 It+不及物動詞+that?結構，注意前后句子時態(tài)的一致)

㈢形式三：It+be+名詞+that?

例：It is our wish that__________________(他愛怎么樣就怎么樣)

答案：he does what he pleases

(本題考查 It作形式主語的同時，涉及了考試大虛擬語氣的考查，在it is our wish/hope that 等結構中，從句子的謂語動詞要用should+動詞原形這樣的虛擬語氣)

㈣形式四：It+be+done+that?

例：It is said that____________________(宇宙形成于一次大爆炸以后)

答案：the universe formed after the Big Explode

(本題考查 It作形式主語的用法，常用于It+be+done+that?，結構的動詞有report, announce, expert等，常譯為“據(jù)說”，“據(jù)報道”)

1.He told us not to wait for him because___________________(他是否來還不敢肯定)。

2.He has no intention of making progress so__________________(你老是幫助他是沒有用的)

3.（后來證實）________________she is a friend of my sister.4.Nevertheless,_________________(不可否認的是)，it can bring some side-effects

答案：

1.it was uncertain whether he would come

2.it is no use that you always help him

3.It turned out that

4.it cannot be denied that 模擬演練：

1.She never laughed,_____________________(也從不發(fā)脾氣)。

2.All the key words in the article are printed in bold type so as to__________________(吸引讀者的注意力)。

3.The room is in a terrible mess,it____________________(肯定沒打掃過)。

4.（這個計劃成功的關鍵）____________________is good planning.5.When I __________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)他騙我)I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.答案：

1.nor did she ever lose temper/become angry

(本題有兩個考察點，第一，表示“兩個都不”的否定詞應該用nor，要把它置于句首句子要有倒裝，第二，“發(fā)脾氣”的表達法：lose temper/become angry)

2.draw /attract reader’s attention

(考察draw /attract reader’s attention “引起某人注意”，so as to 后接do sth.)

3.can’t have been cleaned

(“情態(tài)動詞+have done”表示推測，can’t表示不可能，如考試大推測的事為過去式，則情態(tài)動詞后用完成式)

4.The key to the success of this project

(key在這里解答、關鍵，其后一般接介詞to)

5.found/caught him cheating me

(本題考察find/catch+賓語+賓補結構，表示發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事，cheat是及物動詞，直接接賓語）2否定句

㈠部分否定句

部分否定句雖然是否定句的形式，但其否定意義只局限于整體的一部分。其形式為：概括詞all, both, every, everybody, everything, everywhere, always, altogether, entirely和wholly等。

例：There is a famous proverb saying that_______________________(閃光的東西并非都是金子）

答案：all that glitters is not gold

(本題主要考察部分否定句。該諺語中，that glitters是一個定語從句，修飾前面的all)㈡完全否定句

完全否定句是針對部分否定句而言，這種否定是徹底的。其形式為：no,none等否定詞+肯定式謂語，常見的可以用于這一句型的否定意義的詞有：no, none, nobody, nowhere, anyhow, neither, never等，在這一句型中，不定代詞不能做主語。還有一種形式為all等概括詞+肯定式謂語+含否定意義的詞。

例：Cheap as it is,but__________________(我今天無論如何都買不到)

答案：anyhow I will not buy it today

(本題主要考察完全否定句，anyhow意思是“無論如何都不”)

1.Don’t you be told that __________________(這兩本書并非都是有益的)

2.Although most people like music,____________________________(但并非人人都想去聽音樂會)

3.____________________________(他的一切計劃都泡湯了),so don’t count on his fulfilling the task on time.4.He is so excited_______________________________(他此時此刻的心情是無法用語言來形容的)

答案：

1.both of the books are not helpful 2.everyone don’t want to go to the concert

3.All his plan came to nothing 4.that none of the words can describe his feelings ㈢雙重否定句

①其形式一為：主語+cannot+help/refrain/keep+from+動名詞。Help from, refrain from, keep from等詞具有“抑制，忍住”等否定含義，與cannot等連用，具有雙重否定的意義。

例：Having won the gold medal,___________________(他禁不住喜形于色)。

答案：he could not refrain from showing his pleasure.(本題考察雙重否定句，refrain from的意思是“克制，避免”)

②其形式二為：主語+cannot+but/choose but/help but+動詞原形。

例：_______________________(我們別無選擇只好另投旅館住宿)，since all the hotels here are with signs “Be Booked Up”.答案：We could not help but look for another one to stay in.(本題考察雙重否定句，“cannot help but”句型，注意這里but后要用動詞原形。)

③其形式三為：（There be）no+主語+but+謂語。在此句型中，but是關系代詞，即代替前面的名詞，又引導后面的從句，并且具有否定意義。

例：He is so devoted to his experiment that______________________(沒有人感覺不到他對事業(yè)的熱愛)。

答案：not a man/no man but felt his love to his career

(本題考察雙重否定句型，“no+主語+but+謂語”，no相當于not a 或 not any)

1.___________________(我們忍不住笑起來)when he finished the story.2.______________________(人們不能不被他的事跡所感動)after knowing the bachelor has adopted five orphans.3.Don’t always stick to routines ,and you must know___________________(沒有無例外的規(guī)則)。

答案：

1.We could not help laughing

2.One cannot but be moved by his deeds

3.there is no rule but has its exceptions 3.判斷句

㈠強調判斷句

① 形式一：主語+be+no/none+other than/but+表語（強調內容）

The man who stolen my watch was ______________________(不是別人，正是約翰)。no other than John ② 形式二：主語+be+nothing+(else)but/else than/less than+表語

例：The rich have their annoyances because ________________(有些人除了錢之外一無所有)。

答案：someone have nothing but money

（本題考察強調判斷句型“主語+be+nothing+(else)but”,the rich 意思是“富人”，屬于“the+形容詞”表示一類人或物，表示一類人作主語時，謂語用復數(shù)，表示抽象事物時，謂語用單數(shù)。

③ 形式三：It is/was+強調部分+that/who+從句

例：________________________(做那個實踐的正是我父親)in the lab yesterday.答案：It was my father who did the experiment.(本題考察強調判斷句型,強調的賓語是the experiment,引導詞用who)

1.The tall figure that I saw__________________(不是別人，正是我們的校長)。

2.To everyone’s surprise,_____________(他只是一味的笑)。

3._____________________(這正是我父親做的那個試驗)in the lab yesterday.答案：1.was none other than our president

2.he did nothing else than laugh

3.It was the experiment that my father did

（二）正反判斷句

① 形式一 ：主語+be +not+表語A +but+表語B

例：There are different opinions about the true meaning of life, but most people believe that_________________________________(生命并不一定要漫長，但是要五彩繽紛)。

答案：life is not always long but it must be amazing

(本題考察正反判斷句，注意but后如果是一個完整的句子，主語一定要和前面的保持一致)

② 形式二：（It is）not ?that(who)?,but? that(who)?

例：It is not that I dislike the work,_________________________(而是我沒有時間)

答案：but that I have no time

(本題考察正反判斷句，注意“not that ?but that”中的兩個that 均不能省略)

1.I am badly ill,______________________________(不是肉體上，而是精神上)。2.It is not heroes who create the people, but the people ______________________(創(chuàng)造英雄并推動歷史向前)。

3.It is a big joke that _________________________(無論何時我聽到它都忍不住笑起來)。

答案：

1.not bodily, but mentally 2,who create heroes and move history onward 3.I can’t help laughing whenever I hear it ㈢比較判斷句

① 形式一：主語+be +less/more+表語A+ than+表語B

例：He does everything with great care but I think ________________________(與其說他謹慎，不如說他是怯懦)。

答案：he is more poltroon than cautious.(本題考察比較判斷句型“more ? than ”的用法，它的意思是“與其說?不如說?”，more和than后接對稱成分)

② 形式二：主語+be +not so much+表語A +as+表語B

例：Judging from his words, we can know that___________________________(他不是生病，而是情緒低落)。

答案：he isn’t so much ill as depressed.(本題考察比較判斷句型 not so much ? as, 意思是“不是?而是?”)

③ 形式三：主語+be+ rather表語A+ than+ 表語B

例：He who can recite 500 poems_____________________________(與其說他聰明，不如說他勤奮。)

答案：is rather diligent than clever

(本題考察比較判斷句型“rather ? than”的用法，它的意思是“與其說?不如說?”，和rather than后接對稱成分)

1.One blind man says that____________________________(與其說大象像別的東西，不如說它像一根長矛。）

2.Scientists believe that_____________________________(與其說海洋分隔了世界，倒不如說海洋連接了各國。）

1.the elephant is more like a spear than anything else 2.Oceans don’t so much divide the world as unite it 4.倍數(shù)表示句型

①形式一：主語+be+倍數(shù)+that of+被比較對象/as+形容詞+as+被比較對象

例：By that time we shall________________(生產(chǎn)的糧食將比2006年增加了3倍)。

答案：produce four times as much grain as we did 2006

(本題考察倍數(shù)表達法，倍數(shù)表達法要分清是原來的幾倍，此題“增加了3倍”即是原來的四倍，另外，as?as中間要用形容詞原型。)