第一篇：考博英語作文-開頭正文結(jié)尾

英語作文的文章的開頭、正文、結(jié)尾

英語作文的文章的開頭

一篇文章通常可分為三個部分，即開頭、正文和結(jié)尾。這三個部分安排是否得體，直接影響到文章的質(zhì)量。文章的開頭一般來說應(yīng)盡量做到開門見山，用簡單明白的敘述引出文章的話題，使讀者了解文章要談?wù)撌裁?，一下于引起讀者的興趣。

作文常見的開頭形式大致有以下幾種：

1．開門見山，揭示主題

文章一開頭，就交待清楚文章的主題是什么。

如“How I Spent My Vacation”(我怎樣度假)的開頭是： I Spent my last vacation happily．

下面是題為“Honesty”(談?wù)\實)一文中的開頭：

Honesty is one of the best virtues．An honest man is always trusted and respected．On the contrary, one who tells lies is regarded as a “l(fā)iar”，and is looked upon by honest people．

2．交代人物、事情、時間或環(huán)境開頭

在文章的開頭，先把人物、事件和環(huán)境交待清楚。如“A Trip to Jinshan”(去金山旅游)的開頭：

The day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to Jinshan.The bus ride there took three hours.The long trip made us very tired, but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us.3.回憶性的開頭

用回憶的方法來開頭。例如“A Trip to the Taishan Mountain”(泰山游)的開頭是：

I remember my first trip to the Taishan Mountain as if it were yesterday.4．概括性的開頭

即對要在文章中敘述的人或事先作一個概括性的介紹。如“The Happiness of Reading Books”(讀書的快樂)的開頭：

People often say that gold and silver are the most valuable things in the world.But I say that to read books is more valuable than anything else, because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power.5．介紹環(huán)境式的開頭

即開頭利用自然景物或自然環(huán)境引出要介紹的事物。如“An Accident”(一場事故)的開頭是:

It was a rainy and windy morning.The sky was gloomy, the temperature was low, and the street was nearly empty.I was on my way back to school.Suddenly, a speeding car came round the corner.6．交待寫作目的的開頭。

在文章的一開頭就交待寫作目的，如通過文章要表揚誰，批評誰，或說明一個什么問題等。如 “Pollution Control”(控制污染)的開頭：

In this article I shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control.英語作文的文章的正文

文章的正文是由若干段落組成的，段落通常由幾個或者更多的句子組成，有時候一個句子也能成段。文章的正文應(yīng)以文章的開頭為線索，具體地敘述、說明或論證文章的主題。文章不論長短，每個段落都必須為主題服務(wù)。像說明文和議論文這一類的文章，一個主題還常分成幾個小主題，每個小主題要用一個段落處理，另起一段時，應(yīng)是一層新的意思。每一段的開頭，要放一個表示段落小主題的主題句，這樣可使文章條理化，易于閱讀，便于讀者抓住主題。段內(nèi)的所有句子應(yīng)圍繞主題句的意義加以闡述或論證，為中心思想服務(wù)。句子之間應(yīng)銜結(jié)自然，有條不紊，而且還要合乎邏輯，段落中不能出現(xiàn)任何與主題無關(guān)的句子；英語寫作比較重視主題句的作用，缺少它段落意義就會含糊不清。主題句也可放在段落的中間和末尾等部位，但對初學(xué)者來說，以放在段首為好。見下列這篇題為“How to Be a Good Student”(怎樣做個好學(xué)生)的文章：

We students are the builders and masters of the country.It is important for us to know how to be a good student.A good student, I think, should be diligent in his studies.The more he studies, the more he will increase his knowledge.Without enough knowledge, we cannot make great contributions to the modernization of our country.To take care of one's own body is another important thing for good student to do.Anyone, who hasn't got a strong body, can do nothing for his country, even if he has much knowledge.There was a man, who, when he was student, studied hard but neglected his health.No sooner did he come to serve the country than he died of poor health.From this we may see that to have a strong body is really very important for a student.Lastly, to cultivate one's own virtue is most important.Virtue is the essence of a noble and good character.It will greatly help one to be useful and his country heart and soul.When learned people go astray, they do more harm than good to society.We should draw lessons from this.這篇文章的第一段引出了文章的主題，第二、第三和第四段則是文章的正文，每—段的第一句即是段落的主題句，它們既支持了文章中心的觀點和思想，同時又概括了全段的意思。在同一段落中，其余的句子都圍繞主題句所表示的中心展開，同時句子間的銜結(jié)也很自然；各層的意思都很連貫。

分段是文章組織上重要的一步，但如果寫的題目范圍很小，那就無須再將題目分成小的主題，并分入各個段落去闡述了。像一篇簡短的評論；某一事情的簡短記載，某一個想法的說明，對一個人物或一件事情的簡要敘述或說明等，就可以只用一個段落來表現(xiàn)主題。

在記敘文中，段的結(jié)構(gòu)有時可以很簡單，不需要有主題句，敘事一氣呵成，中途沒有停頓。段與段之所以分開，只是為了起修辭作用，以便把某一細節(jié)置于顯著的地位。

某些測試用的表達題，在題目中就已經(jīng)說明只需要根據(jù)。所給的提示寫一個段落，而不是一篇文章。對于這一類的寫作試題，就可以予以簡潔的處理，并不是非要擴充成一篇有頭有尾的完整文章。

下面這篇題為“Weekend Homework”(談周末作業(yè))的短文，就是用一個段落來論述問題和表達觀點的。

Usally Saturday night is the time for students to get back to their desks and do their weekend homework.Six school days are enough for the students who have many other interests.I think weekend homework should not be given.With homework arranged for Saturday night and the whole of Sunday, when can he find time to help around the house, play a game of football or see a good film, or just relax? In fact weekend homework is usually put off until Sunday night.As a result our homework is done very poorly and we achive no results.If there were no homework on weekends, students would go to school on Monday well rested, willing to work.Teachers, don't you agree?

英語作文的文章的結(jié)尾

文章結(jié)尾的作用是概括全文內(nèi)容，進一步強調(diào)或肯定文章的中心思想，使文章意義表達得更加深刻。

文章結(jié)尾的形式也是多種多樣的，常見的有以下幾種：

1．首尾呼應(yīng)，畫龍點睛

在文章的結(jié)尾，把含義較深的話放在末尾，以點明主題，深化主題，起到畫龍點睛的效果。如“I Cannot Forget Her”(我忘不了她)的結(jié)尾： After her death, I felt as if something were missing in my life.I was sad over her passing away, but I knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people.2．重復(fù)主題句

結(jié)尾回到文章開頭闡明的中心思想或主題句上，達到強調(diào)的效果。如“I Love My Home Town”(我愛家鄉(xiāng))的結(jié)尾： I love my home town, and I love its people.They too have changed.They are going all out to do more for the good of our motherland.3.自然結(jié)尾

隨著文章的結(jié)束，文章自然而然地結(jié)尾。如“Fishing”(釣魚)的結(jié)尾： I caught as many as twenty fish in two hours, but my brother caught many more.Tired from fishing, we lay down on the river bank, bathing in the sun.We returned home very late.4．含蓄性的結(jié)尾

用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接點明作者的看法，而是讓讀者自己去領(lǐng)會和思考。如“A Day of Harvesting”(收割的日子)的結(jié)尾： Evening came before we realized it.We put down our sickles and looked at each other.Our clothes were wet with sweat, but on every face there was a smile.5．用反問結(jié)尾

雖然形式是問句，但意義卻是肯定的，并具有特別的強調(diào)作用，引起讀者深思。如 “Should We Learn to Do Housework?”(我們要不要學(xué)做家務(wù)?)的結(jié)尾。

Everyone should learn to do housework.Don't you agree, boys and girls? 6．指明方向，激勵讀者

結(jié)尾表示對將來的展望，或期待讀者投入行動。如“Let's Go in for Sports”(讓我們參加體育運動)的結(jié)尾： As we have said above, sports can be of great value.They not only make people live happily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work bettter.A sound mind is in a sound body.Let's go in for sports.文章的結(jié)尾沒有一定的模式，可以根據(jù)表達主題的需要靈活創(chuàng)造。一般的習(xí)慣是，一些記敘文和描寫文經(jīng)常采用自然結(jié)尾的方法；但說理性和邏輯性較強的說明文和議論文則往往都有結(jié)束語，以便使文章首尾呼應(yīng)，結(jié)構(gòu)完整。

英語作文模板

（1）不同觀點列舉型（選擇型）

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目_____.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that _ 觀點一________.In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that ___觀點一_____.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that ___觀點二_______.In their point of view, on the one hand，___原因一____.On the other hand, __原因二___.Therefore, there is no doubt that ___觀點二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點一或二______.It is not only because ________, but also because _________.The more _______, the more（2）利弊型的議論文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)___作文題目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __題目議題_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, ___優(yōu)點一______.And secondly ___優(yōu)點二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”, __討論議題______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To begin with, ___缺點一______.In addition, ____缺點二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __討論議題____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____討論議題___.（3）答題性議論文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)__作文題目_______.It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem.First of all, __途徑一______.In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途徑二_____.Above all, to solve the problem of _作文題目, we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, _方法（4）諺語警句性議論文

It is well know to us that the proverb: “ ___諺語_______” has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study.It means ____諺語的含義_______.The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows.(also theoretically)

A case in point is ___例子一______.Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____諺語_____.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____諺語_____.The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.（5）圖表作文的框架

As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文題目的議題_____ has been on rise/ decrease(goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____.From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______.On the one hand, ________.On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________.In addition, ________ is responsible for _______.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.（6）實用性寫作（申請信)

Your address

Month, Date, year Receiver's address Dear..., I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in....And I would like to write a letter to tell you that.../ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising..../ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed.On the one hand,....On the other hand,....I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview.I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.Best regards for your health and success.Sincerely yours，X X X

開頭萬能公式：

1． 開頭萬能公式一：名人名言

有人問了，“我沒有記住名言，怎么辦？尤其是英語名言？”，很好辦：編！原理：我們看到的東西很多都是創(chuàng)造出來的，包括我們欣賞的文章也是，所以盡管編，但是一定要聽起來很有道理呦！而且沒準(zhǔn)將來我們就是名人呢！對吧？ 經(jīng)典句型：A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”（適用于已記住的名言）It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（適用于自編名言）更多經(jīng)典句型：As everyone knows, No one can deny that… 2． 開頭萬能公式二：數(shù)字統(tǒng)計

原理：要想更有說服力，就應(yīng)該用實際的數(shù)字來說明。

原則上在議論文當(dāng)中十不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)虛假數(shù)字的，可是在考試的時候哪管那三七二十一，但編無妨，只要我有東西寫就萬事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型： According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起來這個數(shù)字文鄒鄒的，其實都是編造出來的，下面隨便幾個題目我們都可以這樣編造：

Honesty根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示，大學(xué)生向老師請假的理由當(dāng)中78%都是假的。

Travel by Bike根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示，85%的人在近距離旅行的時候首選的交通工具是自行車。

Youth根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示，在某個大學(xué)，學(xué)生的課余時間的70%都是在休閑娛樂。

Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。

更多句型：A recent statistics shows that …

結(jié)尾萬能公式：

1． 結(jié)尾萬能公式一：如此結(jié)論

說完了，畢竟要歸納一番，相信各位都有這樣的經(jīng)歷，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)長篇大論，到最后終于冒出個“總而言之”之類的話，我們馬上停止開小差，等待領(lǐng)導(dǎo)說結(jié)束語。也就是說，開頭很好，也必然要有一個精彩的結(jié)尾，讓讀者眼前一亮，這樣，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：

Obviously（此為過渡短語）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果讀者很難“顯而見之”，但說無妨，就當(dāng)讀者的眼光太淺罷了！

更多過渡短語：to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 更多句型：Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… 2． 結(jié)尾萬能公式二：如此建議

如果說“如此結(jié)論”是結(jié)尾最沒用的廢話，那么“如此建議”應(yīng)該是最有價值的廢話了，因為這里雖然也是廢話，但是卻用了一個很經(jīng)典的虛擬語氣的句型。拽！Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.這里的虛擬語氣用得很經(jīng)典，因為考官本來經(jīng)常考這個句型，而如果我們自己寫出來，你說考官會怎么想呢？

更多句型：Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.寫作的“七項基本原則”：

一、長 短 句原則

工作還得一張一馳呢，老讓讀者讀長句，累死人！寫一個短小精辟的句子，相反，卻可以起到畫龍點睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主題：

As a creature, I eat;as a man, I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.如此可見，長短句結(jié)合，抑揚頓挫，豈不爽哉？牢記！

強烈建議：在文章第一段（開頭）用一長一短，且先長后短；在文章主體部分，要先用一個短句解釋主要意思，然后在闡述幾個要點的時候采用先短后長的句群形式，定會讓主體部分妙筆生輝！文章結(jié)尾一般用一長一短就可以了。

二、主 題 句原則

國有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否則會給人造成“群龍無首”之感！相信各位讀過一些破爛文學(xué)，故意把主體隱藏在文章之內(nèi)，結(jié)果造成我們稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉勸各位一定要寫一個主題句，放在文章的開頭（保險型）或者結(jié)尾，讓讀者一目了然，必會平安無事！特別提示：隱藏主體句可是要冒險的！

To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主題句）.Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、一 二 三原則

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)講話總是第一部分、第一點、第二點、第三點、第二部分、第一點… 如此羅嗦?？僧吘惯€是條理清楚?？脊賯兛次恼乱脖厝灰ㄟ^這些關(guān)鍵性的“標(biāo)簽”來判定你的文章是否結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，條理自然。破解方法很簡單，只要把下面任何一組的詞匯加入到你的幾個要點前就清楚了。1）first, second, third, last（不推薦，原因：俗）2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推薦，原因：俗）3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推薦，原因：俗）

4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推薦，原因：俗）5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（強烈推薦）6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（強烈推薦）7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（強烈推薦）8）most important of all, moreover, finally 9）on the one hand, on the other hand（適用于兩點的情況）10）for one thing, for another thing（適用于兩點的情況）建議：不僅僅在寫作中注意，平時說話的時候也應(yīng)該條理清楚！

四、短語優(yōu)先原則

寫作時，尤其是在考試時，如果使用短語，有兩個好處：其

一、用短語會使文章增加亮點，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡單，看不到一個自己不認識的短語，必然會看你低一等。相反，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)亮點—精彩的短語，那么你的文章定會得高分了。其

二、關(guān)鍵時刻思維短路，只有湊字數(shù)，怎么辦？用短語是一個辦法！比如：I cannot bear it.可以用短語表達：I cannot put up with it.I want it.可以用短語表達：I am looking forward to it.這樣字數(shù)明顯增加，表達也更準(zhǔn)確。

五、多實少虛原則

原因很簡單，寫文章還是應(yīng)該寫一些實際的東西，不要空話連篇。這就要求一定要多用實詞，少用虛詞。我這里所說的虛詞就是指那些比較大的詞。比如我們說一個很好的時候，不應(yīng)該之說nice這樣空洞的詞，應(yīng)該使用一些諸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之類的形象詞。再比如：走出房間，general的詞是：walk out of the room但是小偷走出房間應(yīng)該說：slip out of the room 小姐走出房間應(yīng)該說：sail out of the room 小孩走出房間應(yīng)該說：dance out of the room 老人走出房間應(yīng)該說：stagger out of the room 所以多用實詞，少用虛詞，文章將會大放異彩！

六、多變句式原則 1）加法（串聯(lián)）

都希望寫下很長的句子，像個老外似的，可就是怕寫錯，怎么辦，最保險的寫長句的方法就是這些，可以在任何句子之間加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后關(guān)系或者并列關(guān)系。比如說：I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.如果是二者并列的，我們可以用一個超級句式：Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.其它的短語可以用：besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover 2）轉(zhuǎn)折（拐彎抹角）

批評某人缺點的時候，我們總習(xí)慣先拐彎抹角說說他的優(yōu)點，然后轉(zhuǎn)入正題，再說缺點，這種方式雖然陰險了點，可畢竟還比較容易讓人接受。所以呢，我們說話的時候，只要在要點之前先來點廢話，注意二者之間用個專這次就夠了。The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.The coat was thin, but it was warm.更多的短語：despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding 3）因果（so, so, so）

昨天在街上我看到了一個女孩，然后我主動搭訕，然后我們?nèi)タХ葟d，然后我們認識了，然后我們成為了朋友…可見，講故事的時候我們總要追求先后順序，先什么，后什么，所以然后這個詞就變得很常見了。其實這個詞表示的是先后或因果關(guān)系！

The snow began to fall, so we went home.更多短語：then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that 4）失衡句（頭重腳輕，或者頭輕腳重）

有些人腦袋大，身體小，或者有些人腦袋小，身體大，雖然我們不希望長成這個樣子，可如果真的是這樣了，也就必然會吸引別人的注意力。文章中如果出現(xiàn)這樣的句子，就更會讓考官看到你的句子與眾不同。其實就是主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句的變形。舉例：This is what I can do.Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.同樣主語、賓語、表語可以改成如下的復(fù)雜成分：When to go, Why he goes away… 5）附加（多此一舉）

如果有了老婆，總會遇到這樣的情況，當(dāng)你再講某個人的時候，她會插一句說，我昨天見過他；或者說，就是某某某，如果把老婆的話插入到我們的話里面，那就是定語從句和同位語從句或者是插入語。The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.其實很簡單，同位語--要解釋的東西刪除后不影響整個句子的構(gòu)成；定語從句—借用之前的關(guān)鍵詞并且用其重新組成一個句子插入其中，但是whom or that 關(guān)鍵詞必須要緊跟在先行詞之前。6）排比（排山倒海句）

文學(xué)作品中最吸引人的地方莫過于此，如果非要讓你的文章更加精彩的話，那么我希望你引用一個個的排比句，一個個得對偶句，一個個的不定式，一個個地詞，一個個的短語，如此表達將會使文章有排山倒海之勢！

Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.（氣勢恢宏）要想寫出如此氣勢恢宏的句子非用排比不可

七、挑戰(zhàn)極限原則

既然十挑戰(zhàn)極限，必然是比較難的，但是并非不可攀！

原理：在學(xué)生的文章中，很少發(fā)現(xiàn)諸如獨立主格的句子，其實也很簡單，只要花上5分鐘的時間看看就可以領(lǐng)會，它就是分詞的一種特殊形式，分詞要求主語一致，而獨立主格則不然。比如：

The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.如果您可一些出這樣的句子，不得高分才怪！

文章主體段落三大殺手锏：

一、舉實例

思維短路，舉實例！提出一個觀點，舉實例！提出一個方案，舉實例！而且者也是我們揭示一個觀點最好的方式，任何情況下，只要我們無法繼續(xù)文章，不管三七二十一，盡管舉例子！

In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance.For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.更多句型：

To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example

二、做比較

方法：寫完一個要點，比較與之相似的；又寫完一個要點，再比較與之相反的； 世界上沒有同樣的指紋，沒有相同的樹葉，文章亦同，只有通過比較，你才會發(fā)現(xiàn)二者的相同點（through comparison）和不同點（through contrast）。下面是一些短語：

相似的比較：in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner 相反的比較：on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …，三、換言之

沒話說了，可以換一句話再說，讓你的文章在多一些字，或者文鄒鄒地說，是讓讀者更充分的理解你的觀點。

實際就是重復(fù)重復(fù)再重復(fù)！下面的句子實際上就三個字 I love you！I am enthusiastic about you.That is to say, I love you.I am wild about you.In other words, I have fallen in love with you.或者上面我們舉過的例子：I cannot bear it.可以用短語表達I cannot put up with it.因此可以這樣說：I cannot bear it.That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.更多短語：in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply

第二篇：2012高考英語作文開頭、正文、結(jié)尾萬能

一、英語書信的常見寫作模板：

1、開頭部分：

How nice to hear from you again.Let me tell you something about the activity.I’m glad to have received your letter of Apr.9th.I’m pleased to hear that you’re coming to China for a visit.I’m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.2、結(jié)尾部分：

With best wishes.I’m looking forward to your reply.I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.二、口頭通知常見寫作模板：

1、呼語及開場白部分：

Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make.2、正文部分：

All the teachers and students are required to attend it.Please take your notebooks and make notes.Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups.Please come on time and don’t be late.3、結(jié)束語部分：

Please come and join in it.Everybody is welcome to attend it.I hope you’ll have a nice time here.That’s all.Thank you.三、議論文模板

1.正反觀點式議論文模板

導(dǎo)入：

1)第1段：

Recently we’ ve had a discussion about whether we should...(導(dǎo)入話題)Our opinions are divided on this topic.(觀點有分歧)

2)正文：

第2段：

Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方觀點)

Here are the reasons.First...Second...Finally...(列出2~3個贊成的理由)

3)第3段：

However, the others are strongly against it.(反方觀點)

Their reasons are as follows.In the first place...What’s more...In addition...(列出2~3個反對的理由)

4)結(jié)論：

第4段：

Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(個人觀點)

2.“A或者B”類議論文模板：

1)導(dǎo)入：

第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways.Others, however, argue that B is much better.Personally, I would prefer A because I think

A has more advantages.2)正文：

第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A.The main reason is that...Another reason is that...(贊同A的原因)

3)第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent...(列出1~2個B的優(yōu)勢)

4)結(jié)論：

第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B.From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that...(得出結(jié)論)オ

3.觀點論述類議論文模板：

1)導(dǎo)入：

第1段：提出一種現(xiàn)象或某個決定作為議論的話題

As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision.(亮明自己的觀點是贊成還是反對)

The reasons for this may be listed as follows.(過渡句，承上啟下)

2)正文：

第2段：First of all...Secondly...Besides...(列出2~3個贊成或反對的理由)

3)結(jié)論：

第3段：In conclusion, I believe that...(照應(yīng)第1段，構(gòu)成“總—分—總”結(jié)構(gòu))

4.“How to”類議論文模板：

1)導(dǎo)入：

第1段：提出一種現(xiàn)象或某種困難作為議論的話題

2)正文：

第2段：Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective.First of all...Another way to solve the problem is...Finally...(列出2~3個解決此類問題的辦法)

四、圖表作文寫作模板：

The chart gives us an overall picture of the 圖表主題.The first thing we notice is that 圖表最大特點.This means that as(進一步說明).We can see from the statistics given that

圖表細節(jié)一.After 動詞-ing 細節(jié)一中的第一個變化，the動詞-ed+幅度+時間(緊跟著的變化).The figures also tell us that

圖表細節(jié)二.In the column, we can see that accounts for(進一步描述).Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that(結(jié)論).The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that(給出原因)./ It is high time that we(發(fā)出倡議).五、圖畫類寫作模板

1.開頭

Look at this picture./The picture shows that.../From this picture, we can see.../As is shown in the picture.../As is seen in the picture...2.銜接句

As we all know,.../As is known to all,.../It is well known that.../In my opinion,.../As far as I am concerned,.../This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.3.結(jié)尾句

In conclusion.../In brief.../On the whole.../In short.../In a word.../Generally speaking.../As has been stated..

第三篇：英語作文的文章的開頭、正文和結(jié)尾

英語作文的文章的開頭、正文和結(jié)尾

英語作文的文章的開頭

一篇文章通常可分為三個部分，即開頭、正文和結(jié)尾。這三個部分安排是否得體，直接影響到文章的質(zhì)量。

文章的開頭一般來說應(yīng)盡量做到開門見山，用簡單明白的敘述引出文章的話題，使讀者了解文章要談?wù)撌裁?，一下于引起讀者的興趣。

作文常見的開頭形式大致有以下幾種： 1．開門見山，揭示主題

文章一開頭，就交待清楚文章的主題是什么。如“How I Spent My Vacation”(我怎樣度假)的開頭是：

I Spent my last vacation happily．

下面是題為“Honesty”(談?wù)\實)一文中的開頭：

Honesty is one of the best virtues．An honest man is always trusted and respected．On the contrary, one who tells lies is regarded as a “l(fā)iar”，and is looked upon by honest people．

2．交代人物、事情、時間或環(huán)境開頭

在文章的開頭，先把人物、事件和環(huán)境交待清楚。例如“A Trip to Jinshan”(去金山旅游)的開頭：

The day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to Jinshan.The bus ride there took three hours.The long trip made us very tired, but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us.3.回憶性的開頭

用回憶的方法來開頭。例如“A Trip to the Taishan Mountain”(泰山游)的開頭是：

I remember my first trip to the Taishan Mountain as if it were yesterday.4．概括性的開頭

即對要在文章中敘述的人或事先作一個概括性的介紹。如“The Happiness of Reading Books”(讀書的快樂)的開頭：

People often say that gold and silver are the most valuable things in the world.But I say that to read books is more valuable than anything else, because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power.5．介紹環(huán)境式的開頭

即開頭利用自然景物或自然環(huán)境引出要介紹的事物。如“An Accident”(一場事故)的開頭是: It was a rainy and windy morning.The sky was gloomy, the temperature was low, and the street was nearly empty.I was on my way back to school.Suddenly, a speeding car came round the corner.6．交待寫作目的的開頭。

在文章的一開頭就交待寫作目的，如通過文章要表揚誰，批評誰，或說明一個什么問題等。如 “Pollution Control”(控制污染)的開頭：

In this article I shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control.英語作文的文章的正文

文章的正文是由若干段落組成的，段落通常由幾個或者更多的句子組成，有時候一個句子也能成段。

文章的正文應(yīng)以文章的開頭為線索，具體地敘述、說明或論證文章的主題。文章不論長短，每個段落都必須為主題服務(wù)。像說明文和議論文這一類的文章，一個主題還常分成幾個小主題，每個小主題要用一個段落處理，另起一段時，應(yīng)是一層新的意思。每一段的開頭，要放一個表示段落小主題的主題句，這樣可使文章條理化，易于閱讀，便于讀者抓住主題。段內(nèi)的所有句子應(yīng)圍繞主題句的意義加以闡述或論證，為中心思想服務(wù)。句子之間應(yīng)銜結(jié)自然，有條不紊，而且還要合乎邏輯，段落中不能出現(xiàn)任何與主題無關(guān)的句子；英語寫作比較重視主題句的作用，缺少它段落意義就會含糊不清。主題句也可放在段落的中間和末尾等部位，但對初學(xué)者來說，以放在段首為好。見下列這篇題為“How to Be a Good Student”(怎樣做個好學(xué)生)的文章：

We students are the builders and masters of the country.It is important for us to know how to be a good student.A good student, I think, should be diligent in his studies.The more he studies, the more he will increase his knowledge.Without enough knowledge, we cannot make great contributions to the modernization of our country.To take care of one's own body is another important thing for good student to do.Anyone, who hasn't got a strong body, can do nothing for his country, even if he has much knowledge.There was a man, who, when he was student, studied hard but neglected his health.No sooner did he come to serve the country than he died of poor health.From this we may see that to have a strong body is really very important for a student.Lastly, to cultivate one's own virtue is most important.Virtue is the essence of a noble and good character.It will greatly help one to be useful and his country heart and soul.When learned people go astray, they do more harm than good to society.We should draw lessons from this.這篇文章的第一段引出了文章的主題，第二、第三和第四段則是文章的正文，每—段的第一句即是段落的主題句，它們既支持了文章中心的觀點和思想，同時又概括了全段的意思。在同一段落中，其余的句子都圍繞主題句所表示的中心展開，同時句子間的銜結(jié)也很自然；各層的意思都很連貫。

分段是文章組織上重要的一步，但如果寫的題目范圍很小，那就無須再將題目分成小的主題，并分入各個段落去闡述了。像一篇簡短的評論；某一事情的簡短記載，某一個想法的說明，對一個人物或一件事情的簡要敘述或說明等，就可以只用一個段落來表現(xiàn)主題。

在記敘文中，段的結(jié)構(gòu)有時可以很簡單，不需要有主題句，敘事一氣呵成，中途沒有停頓。段與段之所以分開，只是為了起修辭作用，以便把某一細節(jié)置于顯著的地位。某些測試用的表達題，在題目中就已經(jīng)說明只需要根據(jù)。所給的提示寫一個段落，而不是一篇文章。對于這一類的寫作試題，就可以予以簡潔的處理，并不是非要擴充成一篇有頭有尾的完整文章。

下面這篇題為“Weekend Homework”(談周末作業(yè))的短文，就是用一個段落來論述問題和表達觀點的。

Usally Saturday night is the time for students to get back to their desks and do their weekend homework.Six school days are enough for the students who have many other interests.I think weekend homework should not be given.With homework arranged for Saturday night and the whole of Sunday, when can he find time to help around the house, play a game of football or see a good film, or just relax? In fact weekend homework is usually put off until Sunday night.As a result our homework is done very poorly and we achive no results.If there were no homework on weekends, students would go to school on Monday well rested, willing to work.Teachers, don't you agree?

英語作文的文章的結(jié)尾

文章的正文是由若干段落組成的，段落通常由幾個或者更多的句子組成，有時候一個句子也能成段。

文章的正文應(yīng)以文章的開頭為線索，具體地敘述、說明或論證文章的主題。文章不論長短，每個段落都必須為主題服務(wù)。像說明文和議論文這一類的文章，一個主題還常分成幾個小主題，每個小主題要用一個段落處理，另起一段時，應(yīng)是一層新的意思。每一段的開頭，要放一個表示段落小主題的主題句，這樣可使文章條理化，易于閱讀，便于讀者抓住主題。段內(nèi)的所有句子應(yīng)圍繞主題句的意義加以闡述或論證，為中心思想服務(wù)。句子之間應(yīng)銜結(jié)自然，有條不紊，而且還要合乎邏輯，段落中不能出現(xiàn)任何與主題無關(guān)的句子；英語寫作比較重視主題句的作用，缺少它段落意義就會含糊不清。主題句也可放在段落的中間和末尾等部位，但對初學(xué)者來說，以放在段首為好。見下列這篇題為“How to Be a Good Student”(怎樣做個好學(xué)生)的文章：

We students are the builders and masters of the country.It is important for us to know how to be a good student.A good student, I think, should be diligent in his studies.The more he studies, the more he will increase his knowledge.Without enough knowledge, we cannot make great contributions to the modernization of our country.To take care of one's own body is another important thing for good student to do.Anyone, who hasn't got a strong body, can do nothing for his country, even if he has much knowledge.There was a man, who, when he was student, studied hard but neglected his health.No sooner did he come to serve the country than he died of poor health.From this we may see that to have a strong body is really very important for a student.Lastly, to cultivate one's own virtue is most important.Virtue is the essence of a noble and good character.It will greatly help one to be useful and his country heart and soul.When learned people go astray, they do more harm than good to society.We should draw lessons from this.這篇文章的第一段引出了文章的主題，第二、第三和第四段則是文章的正文，每—段的第一句即是段落的主題句，它們既支持了文章中心的觀點和思想，同時又概括了全段的意思。在同一段落中，其余的句子都圍繞主題句所表示的中心展開，同時句子間的銜結(jié)也很自然；各層的意思都很連貫。

分段是文章組織上重要的一步，但如果寫的題目范圍很小，那就無須再將題目分成小的主題，并分入各個段落去闡述了。像一篇簡短的評論；某一事情的簡短記載，某一個想法的說明，對一個人物或一件事情的簡要敘述或說明等，就可以只用一個段落來表現(xiàn)主題。

在記敘文中，段的結(jié)構(gòu)有時可以很簡單，不需要有主題句，敘事一氣呵成，中途沒有停頓。段與段之所以分開，只是為了起修辭作用，以便把某一細節(jié)置于顯著的地位。

某些測試用的表達題，在題目中就已經(jīng)說明只需要根據(jù)。所給的提示寫一個段落，而不是一篇文章。對于這一類的寫作試題，就可以予以簡潔的處理，并不是非要擴充成一篇有頭有尾的完整文章。

下面這篇題為“Weekend Homework”(談周末作業(yè))的短文，就是用一個段落來論述問題和表達觀點的。

Usally Saturday night is the time for students to get back to their desks and do their weekend homework.Six school days are enough for the students who have many other interests.I think weekend homework should not be given.With homework arranged for Saturday night and the whole of Sunday, when can he find time to help around the house, play a game of football or see a good film, or just relax? In fact weekend homework is usually put off until Sunday night.As a result our homework is done very poorly and we achive no results.If there were no homework on weekends, students would go to school on Monday well rested, willing to work.Teachers, don't you agree?

第四篇：英語作文的文章開頭 正文 結(jié)尾

英語作文的文章開頭

作文常見的開頭形式大致有以下幾種：

1.開門見山，揭示主題

文章一開頭，就交待清楚文章的主題是什么。如“how i spent my vacation”(我怎樣度假)的開頭是：

i spent my last vacation happily.下面是題為“honesty”(談?wù)\實)一文中的開頭：

honesty is one of the best virtues.an honest man is always trusted and respected.on the contrary, one who tells lies is regarded as a “l(fā)iar”，and is looked upon by honest people.2.交代人物、事情、時間或環(huán)境開頭

在文章的開頭，先把人物、事件和環(huán)境交待清楚。例如“a trip to jinshan”(去金山旅游)的開頭：

the day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to jinshan.the bus ride there took three hours.the long trip made us very tired, but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us.3.回憶性的開頭

用回憶的方法來開頭。例如“a trip to the taishan mountain”(泰山游)的開頭是：i remember my first trip to the taishan mountain as if it were yesterday.4.概括性的開頭

即對要在文章中敘述的人或事先作一個概括性的介紹。如“the happiness of reading books”(讀書的快樂)的開頭：

people often say that gold and silver are the most valuable things in the world.but i say that to read books is more valuable than anything else, because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power.5.介紹環(huán)境式的開頭

即開頭利用自然景物或自然環(huán)境引出要介紹的事物。如“an accident”(一場事故)的開頭是:

it was a rainy and windy morning.the sky was gloomy, the temperature was low, and the street was nearly empty.i was on my way back to school.suddenly, a speeding car came round the corner.6.交待寫作目的的開頭。

在文章的一開頭就交待寫作目的，如通過文章要表揚誰，批評誰，或說明一個什么問題等。如 “pollution control”(控制污染)的開頭：

in this article i shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control.英語作文的文章正文

文章的正文是由若干段落組成的，段落通常由幾個或者更多的句子組成，有時候一個句子也能成段。

文章的正文應(yīng)以文章的開頭為線索，具體地敘述、說明或論證文章的主題。文章不論長短，每個段落都必須為主題服務(wù)。像說明文和議論文這一類的文章，一個主題還常分成幾個小主題，每個小主題要用一個段落處理，另起一段時，應(yīng)是一層新的意思。每一段的開頭，要放一個表示段落小主題的主題句，這樣可使文章條理化，易于閱讀，便于讀者抓住主題。段內(nèi)的所有句子應(yīng)圍繞主題句的意義加以闡述或論證，為中心思想服務(wù)。句子之間應(yīng)銜結(jié)自然，有條不紊，而且還要合乎邏輯，段落中不能出現(xiàn)任何與主題無關(guān)的句子;英語寫作比較重視主題句的作用，缺少它段落意義就會含糊不清。主題句也可放在段落的中間和末尾等部位，但對初學(xué)者來說，以放在段首為好。見下列這篇題為“how to be a good student”(怎樣做個好學(xué)生)的文章：

we students are the builders and masters of the country.it is important for us to know how to be a good student.a good student, i think, should be diligent in his studies.the more he studies, the more he will increase his knowledge.without enough knowledge, we cannot make great contributions to the modernization of our country.to take care of one's own body is another important thing for good student to do.anyone, who hasn't got a strong body, can do nothing for his country, even if he has much knowledge.there was a man, who, when he was student, studied hard but

neglected his health.no sooner did he come to serve the country than he died of poor health.from this we may see that to have a strong body is really very important for a student.lastly, to cultivate one's own virtue is most important.virtue is the essenceof a noble and good character.it will greatly help one to be useful and his country heart and soul.when learned people go astray, they do more harm than good to society.we should draw lessons from this.這篇文章的第一段引出了文章的主題，第二、第三和第四段則是文章的正文，每—段的第一句即是段落的主題句，它們既支持了文章中心的觀點和思想，同時又概括了全段的意思。在同一段落中，其余的句子都圍繞主題句所表示的中心展開，同時句子間的銜結(jié)也很自然;各層的意思都很連貫。

分段是文章組織上重要的一步，但如果寫的題目范圍很小，那就無須再將題目分成小的主題，并分入各個段落去闡述了。像一篇簡短的評論;某一事情的簡短記載，某一個想法的說明，對一個人物或一件事情的簡要敘述或說明等，就可以只用一個段落來表現(xiàn)主題。在記敘文中，段的結(jié)構(gòu)有時可以很簡單，不需要有主題句，敘事一氣呵成，中途沒有停頓。段與段之所以分開，只是為了起修辭作用，以便把某一細節(jié)置于顯著的地位。

某些測試用的表達題，在題目中就已經(jīng)說明只需要根據(jù)。所給的提示寫一個段落，而不是一篇文章。對于這一類的寫作試題，就可以予以簡潔的處理，并不是非要擴充成一篇有頭有尾的完整文章。

下面這篇題為“weekend homework”(談周末作業(yè))的短文，就是用一個段落來論述問題和表達觀點的。

usally saturday night is the time for students to get back to their desks and do their weekend homework.six school days are enough for the students who have many other interests.i think weekend homework should not be given.with homework arranged for saturday night and the whole of sunday, when can he find time to help around the house, play a game of football or see a good film, or just relax? in fact weekend homework is usually put off until sunday night.as a result our homework is done very poorly and we achive no results.if there were no homework on weekends, students would go to school on monday well rested, willing to work.teachers, don't you agree?

英語作文的文章結(jié)尾

在文章的結(jié)尾，把含義較深的話放在末尾，以點明主題，深化主題，起到畫龍點睛的效果。如“i cannot forget her”(我忘不了她)的結(jié)尾：

after her death, i felt as if something were missing in my life.i was sad over her passing away, but i knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people.2.重復(fù)主題句

結(jié)尾回到文章開頭闡明的中心思想或主題句上，達到強調(diào)的效果。如“i love my home town”(我愛家鄉(xiāng))的結(jié)尾：

i love my home town, and i love its people.they too have changed.they are going all out to do more for the good of our motherland.3.自然結(jié)尾

隨著文章的結(jié)束，文章自然而然地結(jié)尾。如“fishing”(釣魚)的結(jié)尾：

i caught as many as twenty fish in two hours, but my brother caught many more.tired from fishing, we lay down on the river bank, bathing in the sun.we returned home very late.4.含蓄性的結(jié)尾

用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接點明作者的看法，而是讓讀者自己去領(lǐng)會和思考。如“a day of harvesting”(收割的日子)的結(jié)尾：

evening came before we realized it.we put down our sickles and looked at each other.our clothes were wet with sweat, but on every face there was a smile.5.用反問結(jié)尾

雖然形式是問句，但意義卻是肯定的，并具有特別的強調(diào)作用，引起讀者深思。如 “should we learn to do housework?”(我們要不要學(xué)做家務(wù)?)的結(jié)尾。

everyone should learn to do housework.don't you agree, boys and girls?

6.指明方向，激勵讀者

結(jié)尾表示對將來的展望，或期待讀者投入行動。如“l(fā)et's go in for sports”(讓我們參加體育運動)的結(jié)尾：

as we have said above, sports can be of great value.they not only make people live happily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work bettter.a sound mind is in a sound body.let's go in for sports.文章的結(jié)尾沒有一定的模式，可以根據(jù)表達主題的需要靈活創(chuàng)造。一般的習(xí)慣是，一些記敘文和描寫文經(jīng)常采用自然結(jié)尾的方法;但說理性和邏輯性較強的說明文和議論文則往往都有結(jié)束語，以便使文章首尾呼應(yīng)，結(jié)構(gòu)完整。

第五篇：演講稿格式：開頭、正文及結(jié)尾注意事項

演講稿的結(jié)構(gòu)通常包括開場白、正文、結(jié)尾三部分。

開場白是演講稿中很重要的部分。好的開場白能夠緊緊地抓住聽眾的注意力，為整場演講的成功打下基矗常用的開場白有點明主題、交代背景、提出問題等。不論哪種開場白，目的都是使聽眾立即了解演講主題、引入正文、引起思考等。

演講稿的正文也是整篇演講的主體。主體必須有重點、有層次、有中心語句。演講主體的層次安排可按時間或空間順序排列，也可以平行并列、正反對比、逐層深入。由于演講材料是通過口頭表達的，為了便于聽眾理解，各段落應(yīng)上下連貫，段與段之間有適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡和照應(yīng)。

結(jié)尾是演講內(nèi)容的收束。它起著深化主題的作用。結(jié)尾的方法有歸納法、引文法、反問法等。歸納法是概括一篇演講的中心思想，總結(jié)強調(diào)主要觀點;引文法則是引用名言警句，升華主題、留下思考;反問法是以問句引發(fā)聽眾思考和對演講者觀點的認同。此外，演講稿的結(jié)尾也可以用感謝、展望、鼓舞等語句作結(jié)，使演講能自然收束，給人留下深刻印象。

大多數(shù)演講稿如同一篇議論文，有主要觀點，有對主要觀點的論證。一篇演講稿最好只有一個主題，這是由演講稿的特定情景性和時間性所決定的。在一個有限的時間段內(nèi)，完全借助于語言、手勢等向聽眾講明一個問題或道理，同時又要說服聽眾，就要求在寫作演講稿時一定要突出主題、觀點鮮明。