第一篇:初中英語語法大全-句子種類
初中英語語法大全-句子的種類
按照英語句子的使用目的和用途,句子可分為四類:
陳述句(Declarative Sentence)、疑問句(Interrogative Sentence)、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)和感嘆句(Exclamatory Sentence)。
陳述句包括肯定陳述句和否定陳述句。
疑問句有一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句。
圖解語法
1.陳述句
說明一個事實或陳述一個人的看法,陳述句包括肯定陳述句和否定陳述句
特別提示:
肯定陳述句改成否定句或一般疑問句時,如句中有already,some,something,somebody等詞,須分別改成yet,any,anything,anybody等。
另外,也要注意,too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等。
2.疑問句
3.常用的特殊疑問句
4.特殊的反意疑問句
① 主句是祈使句時,“will you?”意為“請求”,“won’t you?”表示提醒對方注意。
例句:
Look at the blackboard, will you / won’t you?
Don’t be late again, will you?
② 感嘆句后的反意疑問,用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的否定形式
例句:
What fine weather, isn’t it?
How beautifully she sings, doesn’t she?
③ 陳述部分是“I am …”時,用“aren’t I?”而不用“am not I?”
例句:
I'm working now, aren’t I?
④ 陳述部分主語是everything,nothing,anything或something 時,疑問句主語用it
例句:
Something is wrong with my radio, isn’t it?
Nothing is difficult, is it?
⑤ 陳述部分的主語是somebody,nobody,everybody,anybody,no one,none,neither 時,疑問句的主語用they
例句:
Everyone is here,aren’t they?
No one knows about it,do they?
⑥ 陳述部分的主語是:
1)this或that時,問句的主語用it
2)these或those時,問句主語用they
3)there be句時,反意疑問句中用there
例句:
This is a plane, isn’t it?
These are grapes, aren’t they?
There was a hospital here, wasn’t there?
⑦ 陳述部分的主語是one時,問句的主語可用one,也可用you(美語用he)
例句:
One should be ready to help others, shouldn’t one?
⑧ 陳述句中有few,seldom,never hardly,not,rarely,no,nobody,too…to等時,疑問句部分用肯定結(jié)構(gòu);如由前后綴構(gòu)成否定詞,疑問句部分仍用否定結(jié)構(gòu)
例句:
He is never late for school, is he?
You got nothing from him, did you?
It is useless, isn’t it?
⑨ 陳述部分主語是從句、不定式(短語)、動詞-ing形式時,疑問句的主語用it
例句:
What you need is more important,isn’t it?
⑩ 陳述部分由think,believe,suppose,imagine等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句:
1)主語是第一人稱時,問句與從句的主謂語一致
2)主語是其他人稱,問句與主句的主謂語一致
例句:
I think he will come, won’t he?
I don’t think he can pass the exam, can he?
He believed you had seen her before, didn’t he?
? have是實義動詞時,疑問句用助動詞do,does,did;have 是助動詞,則不然
例如:
They had a meeting just now, didn’t they?
She’s been to many places of interest, hasn’t she?
? 陳述部分有have /has /had to 時,疑問句要用助動詞的否定形式
例句:
You have to water the vegetables now, don’t you?
? 陳述部分有had better時,疑問句中用hadn’t
劉局:
We had better go to school at once, hadn’t we?
? 陳述部分有must:
1)作“一定;必須”解釋時,疑問句用mustn’t或needn’t;
2)表示推測,作“一定是;必定”解釋時,疑問句需根據(jù)其后的動詞原形選用相應(yīng)的形式;
3)對過去動作推測時,問句的助動詞用did或have;
4)對過去的狀態(tài)推測時,問句的be用was
例句:
He must work hard at physics, mustn’t he?
You must go to Guangzhou, needn’t you?
You mustn’t smoke here, must you?
Tom must be at home, isn’t he?
She must have finished her work, hasn’t/didn’t she?
He must have been a policeman, wasn’t he?
? 陳述部分有ought to,used to,疑問句要用 shouldn’t,usedn’t / didn’t
例句:
Jill used to be a teacher, usedn’t / didn’t she?
? 陳述句部分是復(fù)合句時,疑問句的主語和助動詞要與主句一致
例句:
He was reading when the teacher came in, wasn’t he?
特別提示:反意疑問句是“否定陳述句+肯定問句”時,如回答內(nèi)容是肯定的,用“Yes+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)”,反之,用“No+否定結(jié)構(gòu)”。譯成漢語時,要將“Yes”譯成“不是”,“No”譯成“是的”。
例如:
— You won’t be away for long, will you? 你不會離開太久,是嗎?
— Yes, I will.不,我會離開很久。(事實是會離開很久)
— No, I won’t.是的,我不會離開很久。(事實是不會離開很久)
Let’s go home, shall we? 回家吧,好嗎?(包括說話人)
Let me have a try, will you? 讓我試一試,行嗎?(不包括說話人)
注意判別:'s是has和is與主語的縮略形式,'d是would和had與主語的縮略形式。
例如:
He’s going to play basketball, isn’t he?
She’s been to Beijing many times, hasn’t she?
You’d better tell him about it at once, hadn’t you?
They’d like something delicious to eat, wouldn’t they?
5.祈使句
表示請求、命令、勸告、建議、號召等的句子,常省略主語you,句首用動詞原形。
① 肯定祈使句:動詞原形+其他成分,如:Listen to me carefully.② 否定祈使句:Don’t(never)+動詞原形+其他成分,如:
Don’t be late for class next time.Don’t do that again.Never leave today’s work for tomorrow.③ Let引導(dǎo)的祈使句 Let +第一、三人稱+(not)動詞原形,表示建議做某事,如:
Let me try again.Let Jack wait a minute.④ 祈使句的強調(diào)語氣 Do+動詞原形+其他成分,如:
Do come back at once!
Do be careful.⑤ 祈使句的特殊形式:
1)No+名詞/動名詞+其他
2)None+of介詞短語
3)祈使句+and+簡單句,表示“如果……就……”
4)祈使句+or+簡單句,表示“……否則……”
5)在祈使句后面,加一個問句,使語氣更加委婉
例句:
No smoking!請勿吸煙!
None of your nonsense!
Go down the street, and you’ll see a cinema.沿著這條街走,你就會看到一家電影院。
Be quick, or we’ll be late.快點,否則我們要遲到了。
Don’t tell anyone, will you? 不要告訴任何人,好嗎?
6.感嘆句
表達喜、怒、哀、樂等強烈感情的句子叫作感嘆句。感嘆句的主謂語可以省略,句末用感嘆號“!”,常用what或how來引導(dǎo)。what 修飾名詞,how 修飾形容詞、副詞。
第二篇:高中英語語法句子的種類講解
高中英語語法句子的種類講解
高中英語句子種類 按使用目的,句子可分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句,句子按其結(jié)構(gòu)可以分為簡單句
并列句和復(fù)合句,本為將為你講解這些知識,希望大家支持本站,你有什么好的文章請發(fā)布到本站
(一)按使用目的,句子可分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。
1)陳述句(Declarative Sentences):說明一個事實或陳述一種看法。例如:
Light travels faster than sound.光比聲傳播速度快。(說明事實)
The film is rather boring.這部電影很乏味。(說明看法)
2)疑問句(Interrogative Sentences):提出問題。有以下四種:
a.一般疑問句(General Questions):
Can you finish the work in time? 你能按時完成工作嗎?
b.特殊疑問句(Wh-Questions):
Where do you live? 你住那兒?
c.選擇疑問句(Alternative Questions):
Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶還是要咖啡?
d.反意疑問句(Tag-Questions):
He doesn't know her, does he? 他不認識她,對不對?
3)祈使句(Imperative Sentences):提出請求,建議或發(fā)出命令。例如:
Don't be nervous!別緊張!
4)感嘆句(Exclamatory Sentences):表示說話人驚奇、喜悅、憤怒等情緒。例如:What good news it is!多好的消息??!
(二)句子按其結(jié)構(gòu)可以分為以下三類:
1)簡單句(Simple Sentences):只包含一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)句子叫簡單句。例如:
She is fond of collecting stamps.她喜歡集郵。
2)并列句(Compound Sentences):包含兩個或兩個以上主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子叫并列句,句與句之間通常用并列連詞或分號來連接。例如:
The food was good, but he had little appetite.食物很精美,但他卻沒什么胃口。
3)復(fù)合句(Complex Sentences):包含一個主句和一個或幾個從句的句子叫復(fù)合句,從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)。例如:
The film had begun when we got to the cinema.我們到達電影院的時候,電影已經(jīng)開演了。
(三)基本句型(Basic Sentence Patterns):英語中千變?nèi)f化的句子歸根結(jié)底都是由以下五種基本句型組合、擴展、變化而來的:
1)主 + 動(SV)例如:I work.我工作。
2)主 + 動 + 表(SVP)例如:John is busy.約翰忙。
3)主 + 動 + 賓(SVO)例如:She studies English.她學(xué)英語。
4)主 + 動 + 賓 + 補(SVOC)例如:Time would prove me right.時間會證明我是對的。
5)主 + 動 + 間賓 + 直賓(SVOiOd)例如:My mother made me a new dress.我母親給我做了一件新衣裳。
第三篇:初中英語語法
初中英語語法-定語從句-專項練習(xí)用適當?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空:1.I still remember the night _______I first came to the house.2.I'll never forget the day________we met each other last week.3.Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _______is the best season there.4.I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family.5.I'll never forget the last day______ we spent together.6.This is the school ______I used to study.7.Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week?8.Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition?9.Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_____is famous for the West Lake?10.Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake?11.Tom will go to Shanghai,______live his two brothers.12.I live in Beijing,____is the capital of China.13.There was a time ______there were slaves in the USA.14.It is the third time ______you have made the same mistake.15.It was in the street _____I met John yesterday.16.It was about 600 years ago____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.17.The moment _____I saw you, I recognized(認出)you.18.This is the very novel about____we've talked so much.19.This is the way____he did it.20.Who is the student _____was late for school today?
初中各年級課件教案習(xí)題匯總
語文數(shù)學(xué)英語物理化學(xué)
第四篇:初中英語語法
初中英語語法大全
初中英語語法大全
最牛英語口語培訓(xùn)模式:躺在家里練口語,全程外教一對一,三個月暢談無阻!太平洋英語,免費體驗全部外教一對一課程:http://004km.cn(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listen to、look at(感官動詞)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2(比較級 and 比較級)表示越來越怎么樣 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)4 agree with sb 贊成某人 all kinds of 各種各樣 a kind of 一樣 6 all over the world = the whole world 整個 世界 7 along with同……一道,伴隨…… eg : I will go along with you我將和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 學(xué)生同老師們一起種樹 8 As soon as 一怎么樣就怎么樣 9 as you can see 你是知道的 ask for ……求助 向…要…(直接接想要的東西)eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 ask sb to do sth 詢問某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……歲時 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的開始 at the end of +地點/+時間 最后;盡頭;末尾 eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的這個時候 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +從句 感覺/對什么有信心,自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表:1 現(xiàn)在進行時 2 將來時 be able to(+ v 原)= can(+ v 原)能夠…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能夠干什么 eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do(of sth 恐懼,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允許做什么
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允許看電視 I should be allowed to watch TV 我應(yīng)該被允許看電視 23 be angry with sb 生某人的氣 eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at)sb for doing sth 為什么而生某人的氣 be as…原級…as 和什么一樣 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一樣高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 遠離 28 be away from 從……離開 be bad for 對什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太陽下看書對你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 當心;小心 33 be different from…… 和什么不一樣 34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 對某人友好
be from = come from 來自 eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 37 be full of 裝滿……的 be filled with 充滿 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/從句 39 be going to + v(原)將來時 40 be good at(+doing)= do well in 在某方面善長, 善于……
be good for 對什么有好處 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 42 be happy to do 很高興做某事 43 be helpful to sb 對某人有好處
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大聲朗讀對你有好處 Exercising is helpful to your bady 鍛煉對你的身體有好處
初中英語語法大全
be in good health 身體健康
be in trouble 處于困難中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble 46 be interested in 對某方面感興趣
be late for = come late to 遲到 eg: Be late for class 上課遲到 48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother 49 be mad at 生某人的氣
be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不見原材料)51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后還看得見原材料)52 be not sure 表不確定 53 be on a visit to 參觀 54 be popular with sb 受某人歡迎
be quiet 安靜 56 be short for 表**的縮寫 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰
be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you 59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you 61 be strict in doing sth 嚴于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles 62 be strict with sb 對某人要求嚴格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 這些學(xué)生對自己不嚴格
be strict with sb in sth 某方面對某人嚴格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么
be sure 表確定 66 be sure of doing sth 對做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well 67 be sure of sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head(my teacher 我相信我的大腦(老師)68 be sure that sth 對做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通過考試
be sure to do sth一定會做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我們一定會通過這次考試 We are sure to learn English well 我們一定能學(xué)好英語
be terrified of + 名/動doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事 72 be the same as … 和什么一樣 73 be used to doing sth習(xí)慣做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸習(xí)慣早He is used to sleeping in class 他習(xí)慣上課睡覺 74 be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel)afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 叢句
because+句子 because of +短語
eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache 77 begin to do = start to do 開始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什么開始什么 eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home 78 between…and… 兩者之間
borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb(lend sb sth 借給……什么東西 eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me(he lent me a pen 80 both = the same(as)= not different(from)表相同 81 bother 打擾 bother sb to do sth eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station 我十分道歉打擾你,但是你能告訴我怎么去車站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 這個問題困擾了我?guī)讉€周了 He's bothering me to lend him money 82 by the end of 到……為止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang 84 care 關(guān)心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你為什么不關(guān)心國家的未來 85 catch up with sb 趕上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人閑談 take sb to + 地點 帶某人去某地 87 come in 進88 come over to 過來
初中英語語法大全
come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一個好辦法嗎? 90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
consider + doing 考慮做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 為什么不考慮去瀘州? 92 dance to 隨著……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜歡隨著音樂跳舞
decide to do sth 決定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的調(diào)查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好 96 do wrong 做錯 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /從句 /名詞 不要介意…… 99 each +名(單)每一個…eg : Each student has many books 每一個學(xué)生都有一些書 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜歡 102 escape from 從……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人從監(jiān)獄里逃跑出來 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下來 fall off 從哪摔下來 105 fall in love with sb /sth 愛上什么
far from 離某地遠 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣 108 find sb/sth +adj 發(fā)現(xiàn)什么怎么樣 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing(名詞)110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 適合某人 111 forget to do 沒有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 從某某到某某 eg: From me for her 113 get /have sth down 做完,被(別人)做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了發(fā)(頭發(fā)被剪了)Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了(被牙醫(yī)拔掉了)
get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 與某人相處得好
get along with sb = get on with sb 與某人相處 117 get ready for = be ready for為什么而準備eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 給某人麻119 get sb to do sth 120 get…from… 從某處得到某物 121 give a talk 做報告 eg: He is give a tall 122 give sth to sb give sb sth 給某人某物 123 go fish 釣魚 go swimming 游泳
go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 繼續(xù)做這件事 125 go out away from go out of 126 go to school 上學(xué)(用于專業(yè)的)go to the school 去學(xué)校(不一定是上學(xué))127 good way to 好方法 128 hate to do 討厭沒做過的事 hate doing 討厭做過的事
have a party for sb 舉辦誰的晚會 130 have a talk 聽報告 談一談
have been doing 現(xiàn)在完成進行時 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since 132 have been to …(地方)……去過某過地方 have gone to …(地方)去了某地還沒回來 133 have fun +doing 玩得高興 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做
eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作業(yè)要做 I have nothing to do 我沒什么事情做 135 have to do sth 必須做某事
have trouble(problem)(in)doing sth 做什么事情有麻煩 137 have…time +doing
have…(時間)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我請一個月得假 139 hear sb +do/doing 聽見某人做某事/正在做某事 140 help a lot 很大用處
help sb with sth one's sth 幫助某人某事(某方面)help sb(to)do sth 幫助某人做某事 142 hope to do sth 希望做某事
How about(+doing)= What about(+doing)144 how do you like = what do you think of 你對什么的看法 145 if : 是否=wether eg: I don't know if(wether)I should go to the party 我不知道我是否應(yīng)該去參加晚會
He don't know if(wether)we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我們明天早上是否能準時到達 146 if :如果,假如(全部接一般時態(tài))+條件語態(tài)從句
初中英語語法大全
eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去瀘州
If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他們要改變計劃,他們會讓我知道的 I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足夠的錢,我就要去英國 147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人認為 148 in some ways 在某些方面 149 in the end = finally(adv)最后
in the north of… 什么在什么的北方(north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 東)151 in the sun 在太陽下 152 increase 增加
eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他們把石油價增加了3% the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now 153 instead of +(名)代替
eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要蘋果,而不要梨子 I like English instead of math 我喜歡英語而不喜歡數(shù)學(xué)
154 introduce sb to sb 介紹某人給某人 introduce oneself 自我介紹 155 invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事
156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少時間
eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook 157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 對某人來說做某事怎么樣 158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么樣
159 It's +adj for sb 對于某人來說怎么樣 It's +adj of sb 對某人來說太怎么樣
160 It's +adj(for sb)to do(對某人來說)做某事怎么樣 It's +adj of sb to do sth 對某人來說做某事太怎么樣
eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English 161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 對…… 來說是個好主意 162 It's important to sb 對某人來說很重要 eg: It's important to me 163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了該去做某事的時間 eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 該去上課了 164 join = take part in 參加 165 just now 剛才
166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介詞短語 讓什么保持什么樣? 167 keep out 不讓 …… 進入
168 keep sb adj 讓……保持…… eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康 169 key to +名詞 表示:某物的鑰匙或某題的答案 170 key to… anser to … key 可以是答題或鑰匙
171 laugh at… 取笑…… eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke 172 learn by oneslfe 自學(xué)
173 learn from sb 向某人學(xué)習(xí)eg: We should learn from Lei Feng 174 learn to do sth 學(xué)做某事 175 let sb do sth 讓某人做某事
176 Let sb down 讓某人失望 eg : We shouldn't let our farents down 我們不應(yīng)該讓我們的父母失望 177 live from :離某地遠
178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地 eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan 179 look after = take care of 照顧 照看
初中英語語法大全
180 lose one's way 誰 迷 路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路 181 make a decision to do sth 決定做某事
182 make friends with sb 和誰成為朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you 183 make it early 把時間定的早一點
184 make on exhibition of oneself 讓某人出洋相
185 make sb /n +n 使什么成為什么 eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife 186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人(某物)怎么樣 eg : You must made your bed clean 187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么樣
188 make sb do sth 讓某人做某事 eg : I made him write 我以前讓他寫 189 make up be made up of(被動語態(tài))由……組成 190 make…difference to…
191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么 192 most +名 most of +代
193 much too +形容詞 194 must be 一定 195 need +名詞
196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事 197 need to do(實義動詞)need do(情態(tài)動詞)198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing 199 no +名詞
200 not anymore = no more 再也不…… eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭201 not…(形、副)at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all
202 not…at all 一點都不
203 not…either 表否定,也不 eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也沒有姐姐 204 not…until 直到……才……
eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar 205 offer / provide sb with sth 給某人提供
206 offer sb sth(offer sth to sb 提供什么東西給某人 eg : I offer you water(I offer water to you 我給你提供水
207 on one's way to… 在誰去那的路上
208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 209 on the phone = over the phone 用電話交談 210 on time 準時 in time 及時
211 one day =some day =someday 一天,有一天 212 one of +可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 213 one to another 一個到另一個
214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin 215 part-time job 兼職工作 fall-time job 全職工作 216 pay for… 付……錢 pay the bill 開錢,付錢 217 please +do 218 please help yourself 219 pleased with sb 220 pool into = pore into 221 practice +doing 練習(xí)做某事
222 prefer sth to sth 相對……更喜歡…… eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化學(xué)中,我更喜歡物理
初中英語語法大全
prefer doing to sth 更喜歡去做…不愿意去做… eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜歡騎自行車,不開小車
prefer to do sth rather than do sth 寧愿做…也不愿
eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜歡買新的車,也不去修舊車 prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意… eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜歡她不來 223 pretend to do sth 裝著去做什么 pretend that 從句
eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 這兩個騙子裝著努力工作 He pretended that he did not know the answer 他裝著不知道答案 224 rather…than 寧可……也不……
eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯當醫(yī)生,也不當老師 He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜歡狗,不喜歡貓 225 regard…as 把……當作……
eg: Please give my best regards to your family 請帶我向你的家人我最好的問候 I regard you as my friend 我把你當作我的朋友 He shows little regard for others 他不愛關(guān)心別人
226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 eg : he remids me about cooking(he remids me to cook 他提醒我做飯 227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么
eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 這照片使我想起了我的學(xué)校 the words that(which)the teacher talke to remind me of my mother 228 return sth to sb 還什么東西給某人 229 say to oneself 對自己說 230 say to sb 對某人說
231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少錢在某事上 232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少時間陪誰 233 sb spend sometime(in)doing sth 花了多少時間做某事 234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are 235 see sb do 看見某人做過某事 see sb doing 看見某人正在做某事
236 seem to do/be +adj 顯得怎么樣 eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy 237 send +sb sth 送給某人某物 238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去?
239 shock 使……震驚 eg : Oh , It's only you!You give me a shock 啊,是你呀!嚇我一跳 240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么東西給某人看 eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me 242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 eg : I show the book to her.243 some…others… 一些……另一些……
244 start…with… 從……開始 begin…with… 從……開始 245 stay away from 遠離……
eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 當我們參觀zoo 時,我們要遠離動物 If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想減肥,你最好遠離甜食 246 stop doing 停下正在做的事
247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 248 stop sb(from)doing 阻止某人做某事 249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事
初中英語語法大全
250 such +名 這樣,這種 251 suit sb 適合某人
252 surprise sb 使某人驚奇 to one's surprise 令某人驚奇 253 take classes 上課
254 take sb to 把某人帶去 eg : I take you to the hospital 255 take walks = take a walk = go for a walk 散步
256 ①talk to 對誰說 eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和誰說 eg : I talk with him ③ talk of 談到 eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 談?wù)撽P(guān)于…… 257 talk with sb 和某人說話 258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事 259 tell sb do sth 告訴某人做某事
260 tell sb sth tell sb that 叢句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story 261 tell sb sth 告訴某人某事
262 tell sb to do sth 告訴某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告訴某人不要做什么 263 tell…from… 264 thank you for +doing 265 the same +名詞(doing)+as……
266 the same…(名)…as as…(adj adv)…as 相同
267 the way to do sth = the way of doing st做某方面 的方法the way to +地方 去哪的路 e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English 268 the way to…(地點)到哪的269 too…to… 太怎樣而不能……adj +enough to 足夠…能… so…that +叢句 eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to school He is old enough to go to school = He is so old that he can go to school 270 transalte ……into…… 把什么翻譯成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese 271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth盡某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么,但沒成功 try doing sth 想干什么,已經(jīng)做過了 eg :He tried to climb 他想爬上去,但沒成功 He tried climbing 他想爬上去,已經(jīng)做過了 274 try…試衣服 have a try 試一下 275 turn down 開小 ←→ turn up 開大 276 turn off 關(guān)上 ←→ turn on 打開 open 拆開 277 upside down 倒著 278 visit to… 參觀某個地方 279 wait for sb 等某人 注:版權(quán)歸徐闖所有,未經(jīng)本人同意擅自轉(zhuǎn)載!
第五篇:初中英語語法
過去將來時:
句子結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句 主語+ would+ 動詞原型+其他
否定句 主語+ would not + 動詞原型+ 其他
疑問句 Would+主語+動詞原型+其他
(would可改為was/were going to ,主語第一人稱時would可用should)過去將來時主要用在賓語從句中.過去完成時:
句子結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句 主語+had + 動詞的過去分詞+其他
否定句 主語+had not +動詞的過去分詞+其他
疑問句 Had+主語+動詞的過去分詞+其他
關(guān)鍵詞:by+過去某一時間點 如:by last year, by the end of+過去某一時間點 如: by the end of last year, before+過去某一時間點,by the time +從句,或賓語從 句中最后,請記住:
It's not the end of the world, try to look on the bright side of thing, I'm sure it will be all right.這不是世界末日,試著往事情好的方面看,我確認一切都會好起來.英語動詞有兩種語態(tài):主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。
現(xiàn)在完成時:
句子結(jié)構(gòu):肯定句 主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞+其他(第三人稱單數(shù)用has)否定句 主語+have/has not+動詞的過去分詞+其他
疑問句 Have/Has + 主語 + 動詞的過去分詞+其他
關(guān)鍵詞:already, yet, just, ever, never ,so far, for +一段時間,since+過去的
時間或過去時從句.或this year alone“今年以來”,these five years alone“這五年
以來”,in the last ten years “在過去的十年中”等.初中階段的被動語態(tài)有五種時態(tài),我們可以從以下方面進行小結(jié):
一、被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)及結(jié)構(gòu)(以動詞do為例)結(jié)構(gòu):主語 + be + 過去分詞
時態(tài):1.一般現(xiàn)在時: am(is, are)done.2.帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài):must(can, may, should, need, would)be done 3.一般過去時: was(were)done * 4.一般將來時: will(shall)be done * 5.現(xiàn)在進行時: am(is, are)being done 6.現(xiàn)在完成時: have(has)been done
二、從初中階段所學(xué)五種基本句型談變被動語態(tài)時應(yīng)注意的問題。1.主語 + 連系動詞 + 表語(S+V+P)此結(jié)構(gòu)不可用被動語態(tài)。(正)The flowers smell sweet.(誤)The flowers are smelt sweet.2.主語 + 不及物動詞(S+V)此結(jié)構(gòu)不可變被動語態(tài)。
(正)An accident happened last night.(誤)An accident was happened last night.3.主語 + 及物動詞 + 賓語(S + V+ O)(1)將主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語 Children often sing this song
This song is often sung by children.(2)將含有介詞或副詞的動詞短語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時,不可將介詞或副詞去掉。We should listen to the teachers carefully.The teachers should be listened to carefully.4.主語 + 及物動詞 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語(S + V+ IO+ DO)(1).將表人的間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,直接賓語不變。He showed us a picture.We were shown a picture.(2).將指物的直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,要在間接賓語前加介詞to或for.常用加to的動詞give, show, pass, read等
常用加for的動詞 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等 A picture was shown to us.A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.5. 主語+及物動詞 + 賓語 + 賓語補足語(S+ V+ O + C)如動詞為 make, see, hear, watch 等,后接賓語補足語為不帶“to”不定式時,變被動語態(tài)時要加上“to”。I saw him fall off the tree.He was seen to fall off the tree.6.“be + 過去分詞” 并非都是被動語態(tài),系動詞 be, feel, seem,look,等詞后面的過去分詞已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞,作表語用,表示某種狀態(tài)。
I'm interested in mathematics.我對數(shù)學(xué)感興趣。
*7.某些動詞用主動語態(tài)來表示被動含義。The woman's clothes sell well.女裝賣的快。This book sells best.這本書很暢銷.一般現(xiàn)在時:
句子結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句 主語+be(am, is, are)+ 其他
否定句 主語+be not +其他
疑問句 Be+主語+其他
或: 肯定句 主語+動詞原型+其他(第三人稱單數(shù)作主語動詞要加“s”)
否定句 主語+don't+動詞原型+其他(第三人稱單數(shù)作主語don't改為doesn't)疑問句 DO+主語+動詞原型+其他(第三人稱單數(shù)作主語do改為doess)關(guān)鍵詞: sometimes, often, usually, always, every day, on Sunday
afternoon, at 10 o'clockin the morning, five days a week, three times a month等.注:在時間壯語從句,條件壯語從句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時,這時一般從 句用一般現(xiàn)在時,主句用將來時
現(xiàn)在進行時: 句子結(jié)構(gòu):肯定句 主語+be +動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他
否定句 主語+be not+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他
疑問句 Be +主語+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他
關(guān)鍵詞:now, right now, at the moment, It's+幾點鐘等的句子.或look, listen, keep quiet等提示語.一般將來時:
句子結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句 主語+will+動詞原型+其他
否定句 主語+will not +動詞原型+其他
疑問句 Will +主語+動詞原型+其他
(will 可改為be going to ,當主語是第一人稱時will可用shall)
關(guān)鍵詞:tomorrow, tomorrow morning, at seven o'clock tomorrow evening, next year,at ten o'clock next Sunday, this year, at the end of this term, from now on, in the year 2008, soon, in a few days' time, in the future 等.一般過去時:
句子結(jié)構(gòu):肯定句 主語+be(was,were)+其他
否定句 主語+be not+其他
疑問句 Be+主語+其他
或: 肯定句 主語+動詞的過去式+其他
否定句 主語+did not+動詞原型+其他
疑問句 Did+主語+動詞原型+其他
關(guān)鍵詞:yesterday,yesterday morning等 ,last week, last year, at the end of last term,一段時間+ago如:ten years ago, five hours ago, on January 1st,2004, in the 1980s等.Just now,in the old days, long ago, a moment ago等.過去進行時:
句子結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句 主語+was/were+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他
否定句 主語+was/were not +動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他
疑問句 Was/Were + 主語+ 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他
關(guān)鍵詞:具體時間+過去的時間壯語 如:at ten o'clock yesterday morning, at this time last Sunday等.1、所有格:He is Fred's best friend.(-'s)
2、動詞現(xiàn)在時的第三人稱單數(shù):Alfredo works.(-s)
3、動詞過去式:Fred worked.(-ed),但亦有不規(guī)則變化。
4、現(xiàn)在分詞/進行時態(tài):Fred is working.(-ing)([注]如果動詞的末音節(jié)為輔音結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié),則須雙寫末輔音,如running)
5、過去分詞:The car was stolen.(-en);Fred has talked to the police.(-ed),但亦有不規(guī)則變化。
6、動名詞:Working is good for the soul.(-ing)
7、名詞的復(fù)數(shù):Fred has two blue eyes.(-s)([注]如果動詞的尾字是s,sh,x,ch,則需加-es,如dishes)
8、形容詞的比較級:Fred is smarter than Rick.(-er)形容詞末尾加-er,多音節(jié)在前面”加more,如“more difficult”。
9、形容詞的最高級:Fred has the fastest car.(-est)形容詞末尾加-est,多音節(jié)詞在前面加most,如“the most difficult”。
英語的基本語序為SVO,且基本上不能任意變換語序,除了在少數(shù)詩詞以外;另一方面,有時英語會使用OSV的語序。(注:S:Subject[主語];V:Verbal phrase[謂語];O:Object[賓語])
英語中所有的詞可分成十大類,每一類詞在句子中都有其特定的位置和作用。這十大詞類是:
一、名 詞:表示人或事物的名稱的詞。
二、形容詞:表示人或事物的特征的詞。
三、副 詞:修飾動詞、形容詞和副詞的詞。
四、代 詞:是代替名詞、形容詞和數(shù)詞的詞。
五、數(shù) 詞:表示數(shù)量和順序的詞。
六、動 詞:表示動作和狀態(tài)的詞。
七、冠 詞:與名詞連用,其說明人或事物的作用。
八、介 詞:通常置于名詞和代詞之前,表示名詞和代詞與其他詞的關(guān)系。
九、連 詞:連接詞與詞、短語與短語、句子與句子的詞。
十、感嘆詞:表示說話人感情或語氣的詞。
英語的時態(tài)
英語共有十六個時態(tài)、四個體。(注:四個體為——一般、進行、完成、完成進行。)
英語中的四個體相當于法語、西班牙語以及所有印歐語系羅曼語族中的式,如:直陳式,命令式等。
(1)一般現(xiàn)在時
基本形式(以do為例):
第三人稱單數(shù):does(主語為非第三人稱單數(shù));
肯定句:主語+動詞原形+其他;
否定句:主語+don?t+動詞原形+其他;
一般疑問句:Do+主語+動詞原形+其他。
肯定回答:Yes,+ 主語+do.
否定回答:No,+主語+don't.特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句語序
(2)一般過去時
be動詞+行為動詞的過去式
was/were+not;在行為動詞前加didn?t,同時還原行為動詞
was或were放于句首;用助動詞do的過去式did提問,同時還原行為動詞
(3)一般將來時
am/are/is+going to+do
will/shall+do
am/is/are/about to + do
am/is/are to + do
一般將來時的表達方法
be going to +動詞原形
be +不定式,be to+動詞原形,be about to +動詞原形
be able to +不定式
be about to+動詞原形
(4)過去將來時
be(was,were)going to+動詞原形
be(was,were)about to+動詞原形
be(was,were)to+動詞原形
肯定句:主語+be(was,were)going to+動詞原形~.否定句:主語+be(was,were)not going to+動詞原形~.疑問句:Be(Was,Were)+主語+going to+動詞原形~?
肯定句:主語+would(should)+動詞原形~.否定句:主語+would(should)not+動詞原形~.疑問句:Would(Should)+主語+動詞原形~?
(5)現(xiàn)在進行時
主語+be+動詞ing〔現(xiàn)在分詞〕形式
第一人稱+am+doing+sth
第二人稱+are+doing +sth
第三人稱+is+doing+sth(6)過去進行時
肯定句:主語+was/were+doing+其它
否定句:主語+was/were+not+doing+其它
一般疑問句及答語:Was/Were+主語+doing+其它 答語:Yes,I was./No,I wasn't.特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+doing+其它
(7)將來進行時
動詞be的將來時+現(xiàn)在分詞
(8)過去將來進行時
should(would)+be+現(xiàn)在分詞
(9)現(xiàn)在完成時
基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+have/has+過去分詞(done)
①肯定句:主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他
②否定句:主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他
③一般疑問句:Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他
④特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句(have/has+主語+過去分詞+其他
(10)過去完成時
基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+had+過去分詞(done)
①肯定句:主語+had+過去分詞+其他
②否定句:主語+had+not+過去分詞+其他
③一般疑問句:Had+主語+過去分詞+其他
肯定回答:Yes,主語+had
否定回答:No,主語+hadn't
④特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句(had+主語+過去分詞+其他)
語法判定:
(1)by + 過去的時間點。如:
I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.(2)by the end of + 過去的時間點。如:
We had learnt over two thousand English words by the end of last term.(3)before + 過去的時間點。如:
They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.(11)將來完成時
(shall)will+have+動詞過去分詞
before+將來時間或by+將來時間
before或by the time引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時的從句
(12)過去將來完成時
should / would have done sth.(13)現(xiàn)在完成進行時
have/has been +-ing 分詞
(14)過去完成進行時
had been +-ing 分詞
(15)將來完成進行時
主語+ shall/will have been doing(16)過去將來完成進行時
should+have been+現(xiàn)在分詞用于第一人稱 would have been+現(xiàn)在分詞用于其他人稱