第一篇：上海語(yǔ)文高一至高三重點(diǎn)課文整理
高一（上）
《沁園春·長(zhǎng)沙》 毛澤東
氣勢(shì)磅礴，畫(huà)面壯闊，意象壯美，意境高遠(yuǎn)。
通過(guò)對(duì)長(zhǎng)沙秋景的描繪和對(duì)青年時(shí)代革命斗爭(zhēng)生活的回憶，抒寫(xiě)出一個(gè)革命青年對(duì)國(guó)家命運(yùn)的感慨和以天下為己任、蔑視發(fā)動(dòng)統(tǒng)治者、改造舊中國(guó)的豪情壯志。
毛澤東，字潤(rùn)之（原作詠芝，后改潤(rùn)芝），筆名子任。湖南湘潭人。中國(guó)革命家、戰(zhàn)略家、理論家和詩(shī)人
《跨越百年的美麗》 梁衡
當(dāng)代散文家 “板凳甘坐十年冷，文章不寫(xiě)一字空”
梁衡代表作有《晉祠》《夏》《把欄桿拍遍》
居里夫人：堅(jiān)強(qiáng)執(zhí)著，信念堅(jiān)定，獻(xiàn)身科學(xué)，淡泊名利，熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)，超越自我，追求真理，治學(xué)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn) 藝術(shù)特色：正面描寫(xiě)、側(cè)面描寫(xiě)相結(jié)合刻畫(huà)人物 《生命本來(lái)沒(méi)有名字》周?chē)?guó)平
生命本應(yīng)一視同仁，生命貴在獨(dú)一無(wú)二。《邊城》 沈從文
一支優(yōu)美的田園牧歌，一段古老人性的絕響
沈從文原名沈岳煥，湖南鳳凰人，現(xiàn)代作家。
代表作：中篇小說(shuō)《邊城》，長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《長(zhǎng)河》，散文集《湘西》、《湘行散記》等
風(fēng)格特征：恬靜沖淡的風(fēng)格，小品散文的筆調(diào)，詩(shī)詞曲的意境；濃郁的鄉(xiāng)土氣息和返璞歸真的牧歌情調(diào)。
貢獻(xiàn)：創(chuàng)造了一種采用抒情筆調(diào)描寫(xiě)的具有特殊民情的鄉(xiāng)土文學(xué)，并發(fā)展了新文學(xué)中抒情小說(shuō)的文學(xué)樣式。他被譽(yù)為現(xiàn)代中國(guó)的“風(fēng)俗畫(huà)家”。
從湘西農(nóng)村走出來(lái)的沈從文，看到了都市文明掩蓋下的傳統(tǒng)美德的衰落，看到了現(xiàn)代文明物欲橫流、金錢(qián)至上，看到了質(zhì)樸真誠(chéng)的淡退、腐化淺薄的流行，于是寫(xiě)下這篇文章，表達(dá)內(nèi)心的痛心和推崇傳統(tǒng)美德的心意。
風(fēng)景美、風(fēng)俗美、人情美（湘西民風(fēng)古樸而淳厚。單純的善良、原始的可愛(ài)。這里的一切，沒(méi)有受到都市物質(zhì)文明的污染，單純寂寞，如夢(mèng)一般寧?kù)o美好。）《合歡樹(shù)》 史鐵生 合歡樹(shù)：
1.是作者個(gè)人命運(yùn)的寫(xiě)照。母親把對(duì)兒女的疼愛(ài)融入在對(duì)合歡樹(shù)的精心呵護(hù)和培育中。合歡樹(shù)從弱小到長(zhǎng)大長(zhǎng)強(qiáng)長(zhǎng)壯與史鐵生由殘疾到對(duì)生命有所感悟，堅(jiān)定地活下來(lái)有相似之處。2.作者自己，母親悉心照顧的合歡樹(shù)就是病中的自己。
3.是觸動(dòng)作者思念母親的實(shí)物，也是母愛(ài)的具體的體現(xiàn)物，它是母親曾活在人世的見(jiàn)證。它好像是母親的化身。
4.和它晃動(dòng)的樹(shù)影，象征著作者對(duì)母親的不盡思念。藝術(shù)手法：以小見(jiàn)大
《最后的常春藤葉》 歐·亨利 自我犧牲精神的美好心靈。
藝術(shù)特點(diǎn)：幽默、夸張、諷刺、比喻的語(yǔ)言，渲染悲劇的喜劇色彩，讓讀者在幽默的描寫(xiě)中領(lǐng)悟內(nèi)在莊嚴(yán)的思想感情，在生動(dòng)活潑中給人啟迪。世界三大短篇小說(shuō)之王：
歐·亨利（美）:《警察與贊美詩(shī)》、《麥琪的禮物》、《沒(méi)有完的故事》 莫泊桑（法）：19世紀(jì)法國(guó)批評(píng)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義代表 世界短篇小說(shuō)巨匠 代表作：《羊脂球》、《項(xiàng)鏈》、《我的叔叔于勒》 契柯夫（俄）：《變色龍》、《套中人》
世界三大短篇小說(shuō)之王之一
小說(shuō)在“先抑后揚(yáng)”的對(duì)比中，揭示了貝爾曼平凡、普通的外觀下所深藏的熱愛(ài)他人、富于同情心和
當(dāng)代作家
代表作：《我與地壇》、《務(wù)虛筆記》等 當(dāng)代作家 哲學(xué)家 主要散文集：《守望的距離》等
《邂逅霍金》葛劍雄 霍金：《時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)史》
全文主旨：通過(guò)敘述邂逅霍金的情況和感受，贊頌霍金以高度的殘疾之身攀登科學(xué)高峰的精神，贊美霍金生活的人文環(huán)境，充分揭示尊重人的價(jià)值、充分體現(xiàn)人文關(guān)懷的環(huán)境是科學(xué)家成長(zhǎng)的關(guān)鍵因素，希望世界各國(guó)都能給杰出人才寬松和諧的生存環(huán)境。《一碗陽(yáng)春面》 栗良平(*)
日本作家 主要從事童話創(chuàng)作和演講活動(dòng)
本文以母子三人吃陽(yáng)春面為線索，將各部分貫穿起來(lái)，形成了一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體。
母子三人之所以能戰(zhàn)勝厄運(yùn)，不僅在于他們的可貴品質(zhì)以及自強(qiáng)不息的精神，還在于他們生活在一個(gè)同樣充滿溫情的社會(huì)環(huán)境里，可以說(shuō)，母子三人的美滿結(jié)果是與老板夫婦、顧客等人的同情、理解、支持、尊重分不開(kāi)的。這碗里盛的不僅僅是熱騰騰的陽(yáng)春面，還有濃濃的人間溫情——母親的愛(ài)子情、兒子的敬母情、兄弟的團(tuán)結(jié)情、社會(huì)的關(guān)愛(ài)情。因此，本文可以說(shuō)是一曲美好人性的頌歌。這就是小說(shuō)的主旨?！对賱e康橋》 徐志摩
現(xiàn)代詩(shī)人 新月派代表人物
藝術(shù)特色：1.以物象表示意象，意象突出形象，形象再顯現(xiàn)意境。
2.主觀情緒和客觀景物融合。詩(shī)人那份對(duì)康橋看似淡淡的戀戀不舍、依依別情與康橋的寧?kù)o、夢(mèng)幻、柔和、飄逸相融合。
3.語(yǔ)言清新，富有音樂(lè)美。（建筑美、繪畫(huà)美）《雪落在中國(guó)的土地上》 艾青 者。
《雙桅船》 舒婷
朦朧派代表人物（還有北島、顧城）
主要內(nèi)容：全詩(shī)圍繞“雙桅船”和“岸”這兩個(gè)主要的意象，以哀怨而纏綿的詩(shī)句，訴說(shuō)離情別緒，營(yíng)造了一種凄楚、憂傷的藝術(shù)氛圍。同時(shí)詩(shī)歌又表達(dá)了詩(shī)人對(duì)理想的執(zhí)著追求。
藝術(shù)特色：1.以意象組合的方式表情達(dá)意?！半p桅船”喻“我”；“岸”喻“自己追求的對(duì)象”；“霧、風(fēng)暴”喻“人生中的艱難坎坷”；“燈”喻“人生的目標(biāo)”。
2.象征的手法。船與岸的關(guān)系象征著人生探索和追求的過(guò)程。《地球，我的母親》 郭沫若(*)《蒹葭》 《詩(shī)經(jīng)》
現(xiàn)代作家、歷史學(xué)家 代表作：《女神》、《屈原》 305篇,別名《詩(shī)三百》 現(xiàn)代詩(shī)人
艾青：現(xiàn)代詩(shī)人，主要詩(shī)集有《大堰河》、《向太陽(yáng)》、《曠野》、《北方》等?！白杂审w詩(shī)”詩(shī)歌藝術(shù)的集大成《詩(shī)經(jīng)》：第一部詩(shī)歌總集 現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)源頭
（浪漫主義文學(xué)源頭：《楚辭》）詩(shī)經(jīng)六義：按內(nèi)容：風(fēng)、雅、頌
按表現(xiàn)手法：賦、比、興 五經(jīng)：《詩(shī)》《書(shū)》《禮》《易》《春秋》 四書(shū)：《大學(xué)》《中庸》《孟子》《論語(yǔ)》 《種樹(shù)郭橐駝轉(zhuǎn)》柳宗元
唐代文學(xué)家
唐代古文運(yùn)動(dòng)倡導(dǎo)者（韓柳）
柳宗元：字子厚，世稱“柳河?xùn)|”、“柳柳州” 代表作：《永州八記》、《捕蛇者說(shuō)》、《黔之驢》
本文通過(guò)記敘郭橐駝所說(shuō)的種樹(shù)之道，突出順木之性的基本法則，并由此推出治民之道，指摘中唐吏治擾民、傷民的弊端，提倡為官者不應(yīng)好煩其令，要順應(yīng)百姓的生活習(xí)慣和生產(chǎn)規(guī)律，反映了作者同情人民的思想和改革政治的愿望。
主要運(yùn)用了對(duì)比和類比的手法。以郭橐駝種樹(shù)所體現(xiàn)的培養(yǎng)樹(shù)之理來(lái)反映做人之理?！恫∶佛^記》 龔自珍
我勸天公重抖擻，不拘一格降人才
龔自珍：字璱人，號(hào)定庵，近代思想家、文學(xué)家
主張：人才解放
代表作：《己亥雜詩(shī)》
本文通過(guò)譴責(zé)人們對(duì)梅花的摧殘，形象地揭露和抨擊了清朝封建統(tǒng)治階級(jí)束縛人民思想，壓制、摧殘人才的罪行，表達(dá)了要求改革政治、追求個(gè)性解放的強(qiáng)烈愿望，與他的《己亥雜詩(shī)》有異曲同工之妙。
寫(xiě)作手法：以梅喻人，托物言志。
寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)：大量運(yùn)用類比，將梅與人才﹑病梅與遭壓迫的人才等巧妙地進(jìn)行類比、論述，表達(dá)作者真實(shí)思想感情?！对伿贰?左思
字太沖 西晉詩(shī)人
《飲酒》陶淵明
陶淵明：字元亮，一名潛，字淵明。東晉詩(shī)人，后世稱靖節(jié)先生、五柳先生。代表作：《桃花源記》、《讀<山海經(jīng)>》、《歸去來(lái)兮辭》、《詠荊軻》 《促織》蒲松齡
《聊齋志異》志異小說(shuō) 文言短片小說(shuō)集
蒲松齡：字留仙，又字劍臣，號(hào)柳泉居士，世稱聊齋先生。清代文學(xué)家?！皩?xiě)人寫(xiě)鬼高人一等；刺貪刺虐入骨三分。”——郭沫若話聊齋
《聊齋》寫(xiě)神鬼的原因：掩飾真實(shí)面目；推動(dòng)情節(jié)發(fā)展；更加深刻地反映民間疾苦 寫(xiě)作手法：記敘為主，故事完整
隱晦曲折，借古諷今 《香菱學(xué)詩(shī)》 曹雪芹
選自《紅樓夢(mèng)》
曹雪芹：名沾，字夢(mèng)阮，號(hào)雪芹、芹圃、芹溪，清代小說(shuō)家，長(zhǎng)篇名著《紅樓夢(mèng)》。主要內(nèi)容：香菱下決心學(xué)詩(shī)，并自己作詩(shī)，得眾人幫助，終作出首好詩(shī)。寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)：人物的肖像描寫(xiě)，語(yǔ)言、心理、動(dòng)作、細(xì)節(jié)、側(cè)面描寫(xiě)十分有特色?！度河?huì)將干中計(jì)》 羅貫中 《林教頭風(fēng)雪山神廟》 施耐庵
高一（下）《老王》 楊絳
錢(qián)鐘書(shū)：號(hào)槐聚，字默存，代表作《圍城》
老王：窮苦卑微、凄涼艱難、老實(shí)厚道、心地善良、知恩必報(bào)的好人。
老王與“我”的事情，及到最后老王去世，表達(dá)了作者對(duì)于老王生前的同情與關(guān)心；逝去后，對(duì)老王的內(nèi)疚。全文體現(xiàn)了老王知恩圖報(bào)、善良、淳樸、忠厚老實(shí)的形象與作者平民情懷。寫(xiě)作特色：語(yǔ)言肖像描寫(xiě)到位，將人物形象生動(dòng)地展現(xiàn)給讀者?！俄?xiàng)鏈》 莫泊桑 《回憶魯迅先生》 蕭紅
代表作：《羊脂球》、《我的叔叔于勒》等 現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)家，著有《生死場(chǎng)》、《呼蘭河傳》等
楊絳：劇作家、翻譯家、散文家，代表作：散文《干校六記》、小說(shuō)《洗澡》
選自《三國(guó)演義》 明末元初小說(shuō)家 號(hào)湖海散人 選自《水滸傳》 元末明初小說(shuō)家
主要內(nèi)容：作者與魯迅先生一家的生活中的小事，一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)追憶魯迅，去懷念他那種智慧、幽默、爽朗、平易近人、關(guān)愛(ài)他人，將魯迅更拉近人們身邊。
寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)：描寫(xiě)具體而生動(dòng)，語(yǔ)言樸實(shí)無(wú)華，人物神態(tài)等描寫(xiě)生動(dòng)?！缎∠秃铡?肖復(fù)興
《在馬克思墓前的講話》 恩格斯 《為了忘卻的記念》 魯迅
文學(xué)家、思想家、革命家 主要內(nèi)容：對(duì)馬克思極高的贊揚(yáng)與肯定，對(duì)于馬克思的告別，“他的英名和事業(yè)將永垂不朽”。
主要內(nèi)容：烈士遇害兩周年的日子里，魯迅寫(xiě)了這篇紀(jì)念文章，一方面是為了紀(jì)念犧牲的革命者，一方面深刻揭露了當(dāng)時(shí)白色恐怖及魯迅受到的壓力，也講述了白莽的樂(lè)觀與堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)：質(zhì)樸，易懂，卻寫(xiě)得深刻，有著他一貫的風(fēng)格。
語(yǔ)言特色：語(yǔ)言精煉、樸素、準(zhǔn)確、含蓄，抒情色彩濃，極富表現(xiàn)力。
這篇紀(jì)念文字通篇用白描手法，夾敘夾議，真切自然，語(yǔ)言樸實(shí)無(wú)華，敘事平實(shí)無(wú)奇，既無(wú)華美的詞藻，也無(wú)新奇的想象，卻寫(xiě)得意蘊(yùn)深廣，耐人尋味。
題目解析：題目中“忘卻”與“記念”是兩個(gè)意義相反的詞看起來(lái)似乎矛盾，但實(shí)際上寄托著深刻的含義。所謂“忘卻”實(shí)際是“擺脫”、“擱置”的同義語(yǔ)，也就是將由戰(zhàn)友犧牲而帶來(lái)的無(wú)比悲痛暫時(shí)擱置一邊，把情緒從始終支配著自己的悲痛中擺脫出來(lái)，化悲痛為力量，以更有效的戰(zhàn)斗來(lái)紀(jì)念死者，而對(duì)于反動(dòng)派殺害烈士的這筆血債，對(duì)于戰(zhàn)友為革命而獻(xiàn)生的光輝業(yè)績(jī)，作者卻是永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記的。“為了忘卻”實(shí)際是為了戰(zhàn)斗，而惟有戰(zhàn)斗，才是對(duì)烈士的最有價(jià)值的紀(jì)念。題目反映了作者深切的感情、堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的斗志和必勝的信念。
《我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想》 馬丁·路德·金(*)立論之本：人人生而平等
語(yǔ)言：口語(yǔ)化，簡(jiǎn)單易懂 多用排比，頗具氣勢(shì) 《哦，香雪》 鐵凝 《變形記》 卡夫卡
不回避苦難，但能看到苦難背后作為底色的善。
卡夫卡：奧地利小說(shuō)家，現(xiàn)代派文學(xué)的奠基人之一，主要作品有《變形記》、《美國(guó)》、《審判》。
主要內(nèi)容：一個(gè)小職員變成了一只巨大的甲蟲(chóng)。以甲蟲(chóng)的形態(tài)、心理活動(dòng)等反映出小職員格力高爾那種不滿于壓抑而又無(wú)奈的心態(tài)。格里高爾自始至終關(guān)心家庭、懷戀親人，可是親人最終拋棄了他，對(duì)他的死無(wú)動(dòng)于衷，而且決定去郊游。
作者描寫(xiě)這種人情反差，揭示了當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)生活對(duì)人的異化，致使親情淡薄，人性扭曲?！蹲冃斡洝返闹黝}具有強(qiáng)烈的批判性。
寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)：虛幻和現(xiàn)實(shí)的結(jié)合，豐富的人物描寫(xiě)，使文章充滿趣味 《藥》 魯迅
文章解讀：明線：老栓買(mǎi)藥—小栓吃藥—茶客談藥—華大媽上墳
暗線：夏瑜就義—夏瑜血被吃—眾議夏瑜—夏四奶奶上墳-----------------------------《阿房宮賦》 杜牧
字牧之 號(hào)樊川 與李商隱并稱“小李杜”
借古諷今，議論時(shí)政：鋪敘描寫(xiě)是議論的鋪墊，是必備條件；議論是描寫(xiě)的歸宿，是必然之結(jié)果。本文因?qū)m而起，緣宮而發(fā)。越是寫(xiě)得壯觀繁華，后面的議論越是扎實(shí)可信。唯其描寫(xiě)筆墨之淋漓、酣暢，議論文字才顯恣肆汪洋。《黃州快哉亭記》 蘇轍 主要內(nèi)容：
建亭及命名，勝景與引典抒情表議 表達(dá)了作者“使其中坦然，不以物傷性，將合適而非快”的曠達(dá)心態(tài)。
寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)：多引古人、舊事，層層深入，抒發(fā)自己觀點(diǎn)。《項(xiàng)脊軒志》 歸有光
1.歸有光：明代散文家。字熙甫，又字開(kāi)甫，別號(hào)震川，又號(hào)項(xiàng)脊生，唐宋派代表人之一。2.“志”即“記”，是古代記敘事物、抒發(fā)感情的一種文體。
本文借項(xiàng)脊軒的興廢，寫(xiě)與之有關(guān)的家庭瑣事和人事變遷，表達(dá)了人亡物在、三世變遷的感慨以及對(duì)祖母、母親和妻子的深切懷念，真切感人。
寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)：作者運(yùn)用生活瑣事寫(xiě)出感人文章，語(yǔ)言平和舒緩，事件真實(shí)而感人，“不事雕琢而自有風(fēng)味”?！兜墙鹆犋P凰臺(tái)》 李白 《八聲甘州》 柳永
字太白，號(hào)青蓮居士，唐代浪漫主義詩(shī)人，“詩(shī)仙” 字耆卿，北宋詞人
字幼安，號(hào)稼軒，《稼軒長(zhǎng)短句》
蘇軾弟，字子由，自稱穎濱野老，唐宋八大家之一
“使其中坦然，不以物傷性，將何適而非快” ——不以物喜，不以己悲
《水龍吟·登建康賞心亭》 辛棄疾 《登快閣》 黃庭堅(jiān) 南京別稱：石頭城、金陵、建業(yè)、建鄴、建康、揚(yáng)州、秦淮、應(yīng)天、江寧、天京 等
宋代文學(xué)家，字魯直，號(hào)山谷道人
宋四家：蘇軾，米芾，蔡襄，黃庭堅(jiān) 蘇門(mén)四學(xué)士：秦觀，晁補(bǔ)之，張耒，黃庭堅(jiān) 《古詩(shī)為焦仲卿妻作》
又名《孔雀東南飛》我國(guó)古代最長(zhǎng)的敘事詩(shī)
我國(guó)第一部長(zhǎng)篇敘事詩(shī)，與《木蘭詩(shī)》合稱樂(lè)府雙壁。
主要內(nèi)容：劉蘭芝、焦仲卿之間的愛(ài)情故事。經(jīng)歷波折，以悲劇收尾。寫(xiě)出封建家長(zhǎng)制帶來(lái)的惡果與影響，也是對(duì)后人的告示。
寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)：感情強(qiáng)烈而直露，人物描寫(xiě)充分而生動(dòng)，人物個(gè)性鮮活，結(jié)構(gòu)完整、緊湊、細(xì)密。
《夢(mèng)游天姥吟留別》 李白 寫(xiě)作手法：大膽的想象與夸張 《終南山》 王維 《登樓》 杜甫 《書(shū)憤》 陸游 《塞下曲》 盧綸 《從軍行》 王昌齡 《過(guò)華清宮》 杜牧
高二（上）
《讀書(shū)示小妹十八生日書(shū)》 賈平凹
文學(xué)常識(shí)：原名賈平娃。當(dāng)代作家，著有小說(shuō)集《商州散記》
主旨：以從前的讀書(shū)經(jīng)歷勸勉小妹地多讀書(shū)，闡述讀書(shū)的作用和普遍意義。
寫(xiě)作手法：首尾呼應(yīng)，將描寫(xiě)、抒情融為一體，勾勒出形象生動(dòng)的生活細(xì)節(jié)，給予讀者感性的人是合理性的感悟。
《獲得教養(yǎng)的途徑》 赫爾曼·黑塞 主旨：閱讀經(jīng)典對(duì)于獲得教養(yǎng)的必要性 寫(xiě)作手法：作品多用象征手法，文筆優(yōu)美 《白莽作<孩兒塔>序》 魯迅
主旨：表現(xiàn)《孩兒塔》對(duì)于革命的偉大意義，鼓勵(lì)后來(lái)者堅(jiān)持繼續(xù)革命。寫(xiě)作手法：文章整散結(jié)合，語(yǔ)句富于變化，張弛有度。《想北平》 老舍 《茶館》等
主旨：表達(dá)了作者對(duì)北京的深情眷戀
寫(xiě)作手法：語(yǔ)言質(zhì)樸，表達(dá)方式通俗易懂，通過(guò)與國(guó)外大城市的對(duì)比突出北京的特點(diǎn) 《我所認(rèn)識(shí)的蔡孑民先生》 馮友蘭
文學(xué)常識(shí)：馮友蘭：哲學(xué)家，著有《中國(guó)哲學(xué)史》、《新原道》、《新原人》等
蔡孑民：思想主張“學(xué)術(shù)自由，兼容并包”
主旨：表達(dá)了對(duì)蔡孑民先生的欽佩和感激之情，贊美蔡先生的崇高精神境界 寫(xiě)作手法：以平凡小事寫(xiě)人的內(nèi)在精神品格 《諸子喻山水》
主旨:諸子百家對(duì)于山水的看法及哲思 文學(xué)常識(shí)：
一、儒家
代表人物：孔子、孟子、荀子。作品：《論語(yǔ)》、《孟子》、《荀子》
以六藝為法，崇尚「禮樂(lè)」和「仁義」，提倡「忠恕」和不偏不倚的「中庸」之道，主張「德治」和「仁政」，重視道德倫理教育和人的自身修養(yǎng)的一個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)派別。
孟子的主要思想“民貴君輕”，主張“性善論”；與荀子“性惡論”截然相反
二、道家
代表人物：老子、莊子
作品：《道德經(jīng)》、《莊子》
主張：道法自然，順其自然
政治理想：小國(guó)寡民、無(wú)為而治
文學(xué)常識(shí)：老舍，北京人，滿族，原名舒慶春，字舍予?，F(xiàn)代作家。代表作：《駱駝祥子》、《四世同堂》、詩(shī)佛 山水田園詩(shī)派 世稱王右丞 “味摩詰詩(shī)，詩(shī)中有畫(huà)，畫(huà)中有詩(shī)?！?詩(shī)圣 字子美 號(hào)少陵野老
南宋愛(ài)國(guó)詩(shī)人 字務(wù)觀 號(hào)放翁 本詩(shī)抒發(fā)壯志未酬的慨嘆 唐朝 邊塞詩(shī)人 字允言 字少伯 “七絕圣手”
表達(dá)了對(duì)世事難以把握的慨嘆，對(duì)官場(chǎng)、權(quán)貴的蔑視，以及遠(yuǎn)離黑暗現(xiàn)實(shí)的愿望。
三、墨家
代表人物：墨子
作品：《墨子》
學(xué)說(shuō)基礎(chǔ)：兼相愛(ài)，交相利
主張：兼愛(ài)、非攻、非命
四、法家
代表人物：韓非、李斯
作品：《韓非子》 主張：以法治國(guó)
1.孔子名丘，字仲尼，春秋時(shí)期魯國(guó)人，是我國(guó)古代偉大的教育家、思想家、政治家。《論語(yǔ)》是記錄孔子及其弟子言行的語(yǔ)錄體散文集，是儒家學(xué)派的經(jīng)典著作。
2.孟子名軻，字子輿，戰(zhàn)國(guó)人，儒家學(xué)派僅次于孔子的重要代表，有“亞圣”之稱。
3.老子，即老聃，一說(shuō)姓李，名耳，字伯陽(yáng)，春秋時(shí)期思想家，道家學(xué)派創(chuàng)始人，著作《老子》又名《道德經(jīng)》。
4.莊子，名周，戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期思想家，道家學(xué)派的代表人物?！肚f子》一書(shū)，唐代以后又稱《南華經(jīng)》，《莊子》中有許多著名的寓言故事，如《螳臂當(dāng)車(chē)》、《東施效顰》、《匠石運(yùn)斤》、《庖丁解牛》等等。
5.《孫子》又稱《孫子兵法》，作者孫武，字長(zhǎng)卿，戰(zhàn)國(guó)人，兵家的代表人物。
6.管仲名夷吾，字仲，春秋時(shí)期著名政治家，曾輔佐齊桓公成立霸業(yè)，使齊國(guó)成為“春秋五霸”之首，齊桓公尊稱他為“仲父”。
7.韓非，戰(zhàn)國(guó)末期韓國(guó)貴族，荀子的學(xué)生，法家的代表人物，著作有《韓非子》。《秋水》 莊子 《前赤壁賦》 蘇軾
說(shuō)明個(gè)人的見(jiàn)識(shí)有限，經(jīng)過(guò)比較，就會(huì)顯示出自己的不足，如果驕傲自滿，就難免貽笑大方。文學(xué)常識(shí)：蘇軾，字子瞻，號(hào)東坡居士。著名的文學(xué)家，唐宋八大家之一。學(xué)識(shí)淵博，多才多藝，在詩(shī)、詞、文、書(shū)、畫(huà)各方面都有很高造詣。書(shū)法與蔡襄、黃庭堅(jiān)、米芾合稱“宋四家”；他的詞氣勢(shì)磅礴、風(fēng)格豪放，一改詞的婉約，與辛棄疾并稱“蘇辛”。
蘇洵，字明允 號(hào)老泉 蘇轍，字子由 號(hào)潁濱遺老
賦，一種講究詞采，體物鋪陳的文章
主旨：本文先寫(xiě)月夜泛舟大江，飲酒賦詩(shī)，詩(shī)人沉浸在美好的景物當(dāng)中而忘懷了世俗的歡樂(lè)心情；再寫(xiě)憑吊歷史人物的興亡，感到人生短促，因而跌入現(xiàn)實(shí)的苦悶；最后闡發(fā)變與不變的哲理，闡述人類和萬(wàn)物同樣永久存在，表達(dá)了曠達(dá)超脫的人生態(tài)度。
寫(xiě)作手法：用散文的筆法縱橫自如地寫(xiě)景、抒情、發(fā)議論，但是中間主客對(duì)話又巧妙地運(yùn)用了傳統(tǒng)賦的表現(xiàn)手法。這種主客對(duì)答，實(shí)際上是作者的自我獨(dú)白，表達(dá)出蘇軾思想感情上波折、掙扎、解脫的過(guò)程，同時(shí)造成了文意跌宕起伏?！队伟U山記》 王安石
王安石：字介甫，號(hào)半山，世稱王荊公，謚號(hào)“文”。其詩(shī)文頗有揭露時(shí)弊、反映社會(huì)矛盾之作，體現(xiàn)了他的政治主張和抱負(fù)。散文雄健峭拔，被推為“唐宋八大家”之一。詩(shī)歌遒勁清新。詞雖不多但風(fēng)格高峻。他的作品今存《王臨川集》、《臨川集拾遺》等
記，一種以記敘為主輔以議論的文體
主題思想：作者在此文中所抒發(fā)的感想：無(wú)論治學(xué)處事，都首先要有百折不撓的意志，才能無(wú)譏無(wú)悔，同時(shí)還應(yīng)該有“深思而慎取”的態(tài)度。《雨霖鈴》 柳永
《踏莎行·郴州旅舍》 秦觀 《蘇幕遮》 周邦彥 《聲聲慢》 李清照
柳永：原名三變字耆卿，人稱柳七，柳屯田，北宋詞人
秦觀：字太虛，一字少游，號(hào)淮海居士，北宋詞人 周邦彥：字美成，號(hào)清真居士，婉約派，北宋詞人 李清照：號(hào)易安居士，北宋婉約派詞人
《竇娥冤》 關(guān)漢卿 文學(xué)常識(shí)：
關(guān)漢卿，號(hào)已齋叟，元代雜劇的代表作家。語(yǔ)言被稱為“本色派之首”，與鄭光祖、白樸、馬致遠(yuǎn)共稱“元曲四大家”，且居寺大家之首。主要作品：《竇娥冤》、《救風(fēng)塵》、《望江亭》、《單刀會(huì)》等。其中《竇娥冤》被稱為世界十大悲劇之一。
馬致遠(yuǎn)《漢宮秋》，白樸《梧桐雨》，鄭光祖《倩女離魂》 元曲有散曲及元雜劇組成，其中散曲分為小令及套數(shù)兩種。主旨：
塑造了：“竇娥”這個(gè)悲劇主人公形象，使其成為元代被壓迫、被剝削、被損害的婦女的代表，成為元代社會(huì)底層善良、堅(jiān)強(qiáng)而走向反抗的奴女的典型。寫(xiě)作手法：想想、夸張的藝術(shù)手法?！秹坳?yáng)曲·遠(yuǎn)浦帆歸》 馬致遠(yuǎn) 《山坡羊·潼關(guān)懷古》 張養(yǎng)浩 《長(zhǎng)亭送別》 王實(shí)甫
高二（下）
《故都的秋》 郁達(dá)夫
郁達(dá)夫：現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)家、散文家。主要作品：短篇小說(shuō)《沉淪》、《春風(fēng)沉醉的晚上》。向封建道德大膽挑戰(zhàn)，有一定的積極意義，但也帶頹廢情緒。散文以游記著稱，情景交融，文筆優(yōu)美，自成一家。
中心思想：抒發(fā)了贊美、眷戀孤獨(dú)自然風(fēng)物的真情，流露出深遠(yuǎn)的憂思和孤獨(dú)感。寫(xiě)作手法：以情寓景，以景顯情，情景交融，渾然一體。故都秋的特點(diǎn)：清、靜、悲涼。《晨昏諾日朗》 趙麗宏 《瓦爾登湖》 梭羅(*)有思想性，在美國(guó)19世紀(jì)散文中獨(dú)樹(shù)一幟。
書(shū)中記錄了梭羅獨(dú)自一人在瓦爾登湖畔自食其力，過(guò)一種原始簡(jiǎn)樸但又詩(shī)意盎然的生活的情景及所思所悟。其中對(duì)工業(yè)文明的反省常常令人拍案叫絕。它反觀自然，由大自然的心靈奇景體悟到生命的意義，借此提升現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的品質(zhì)，是現(xiàn)代文明社會(huì)另類的修行。
寫(xiě)景手法的多樣化，遠(yuǎn)景、近景，全景、微景，動(dòng)景、靜景，無(wú)不具備，許多貼切生動(dòng)的比喻也為景物描寫(xiě)增色不少。
本文描寫(xiě)了瓦爾登湖的美麗的湖光水色，抒發(fā)了作者觀景時(shí)的豐富感受，表達(dá)了皈依大自然的心愿?！妒刎?cái)奴》
巴爾扎克
巴爾扎克：十九世紀(jì)法國(guó)偉大的批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義作家，歐洲批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)的奠基人和杰出代表。他的小說(shuō)集總稱為《人間喜劇》。代表作：《歐也妮·葛朗臺(tái)》、《高老頭》。
四大吝嗇鬼：夏洛克（莎士比亞《威尼斯商人》）、潑留希金（果戈里《死靈魂》）、阿巴貢（莫里哀《慳吝人》）、老葛朗臺(tái)（巴爾扎克《歐也妮·葛朗臺(tái)》）
人物形象：葛朗臺(tái)是一個(gè)貪婪、吝嗇、狡詐、卑鄙的守財(cái)奴、金錢(qián)狂，是一個(gè)愛(ài)財(cái)如命、至死不變的有產(chǎn)者。這個(gè)形象深刻地揭示了資本主義社會(huì)中人與人之間赤裸裸的金錢(qián)關(guān)系，暴露了資本主義社會(huì)的罪惡。
《關(guān)漢卿》 田漢
田漢：現(xiàn)代戲劇家
號(hào)東籬 字希孟，號(hào)云莊 選自《西廂記》
梭羅：美國(guó)著名作家，畢業(yè)于哈佛大學(xué)。他被稱為自然隨筆的創(chuàng)始者，其文簡(jiǎn)練有力，樸實(shí)自然，富 7
《別了，哥哥》 殷夫 有《血字》組詩(shī)。
寫(xiě)作特色：它是決絕的反叛之歌，更是對(duì)于真理的激情的禮贊。但這首詩(shī)沒(méi)有當(dāng)時(shí)許多革命詩(shī)歌標(biāo)語(yǔ)花、口號(hào)化的通病，而是一首能夠從情感上打動(dòng)人的詩(shī)篇，能把“手足之情”與“階級(jí)仇恨”兩種對(duì)立情感交織在一起表現(xiàn)。
《別了，哥哥》是一首向自己的哥哥告別的詩(shī)，也是一首向自己出身的階級(jí)告別的詩(shī)，還是一首堅(jiān)定的走向自己理想的詩(shī)；其實(shí)，更是一首告別富貴和平庸走向真理和偉大的詩(shī)。這是詩(shī)歌昭示的多重內(nèi)涵。它不同于一般告別詩(shī)的別后相思相期，而是一種理性的背道而馳。它更不同于一般告別詩(shī)的止于個(gè)人的情感的流露，而是一個(gè)群體、一個(gè)階級(jí)的真情宣言?！赌脕?lái)主義》 魯迅
主張，指出正確對(duì)待文化遺產(chǎn)的必要性。
寫(xiě)作特色：以小見(jiàn)大。比喻論證，對(duì)比論證。魯迅雜文的特點(diǎn)：
1.形象說(shuō)理、比喻論證、就近去譬 2.篇幅短小、寫(xiě)法靈活 3.擅長(zhǎng)反語(yǔ)（犀利，暗藏諷刺）
4.有現(xiàn)實(shí)針對(duì)性、及時(shí)性（是“應(yīng)時(shí)的文字”）《胡同文化》 汪曾祺 《南州六月荔枝丹》 甲祖璋 《廉頗藺相如列傳》 司馬遷
汪曾祺：現(xiàn)當(dāng)代作家
代表作：《受戒》 科學(xué)小品
字子長(zhǎng)，西漢史學(xué)家、文學(xué)家、思想家
中心思想：批判國(guó)民黨反動(dòng)政府的賣(mài)國(guó)政策，批判對(duì)待文化遺產(chǎn)的錯(cuò)誤態(tài)度，闡明對(duì)文化遺產(chǎn)的正確
殷夫：現(xiàn)代詩(shī)人，“左聯(lián)五烈士”之一，現(xiàn)代“普羅詩(shī)歌”（無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)詩(shī)歌）成就最高的詩(shī)人。代表作《史記》是我國(guó)最早的紀(jì)傳體通史，“四史”之一，“列傳”是《史記》中的一種體例，用以記敘天子、諸侯以外的人的事跡，其他還有本紀(jì)、世家、書(shū)、表?！吨G太宗十思疏》 魏征
“疏”是臣子向帝王分條陳述意見(jiàn)的一種文體。《<新序>二則》 劉向 《新序》、《說(shuō)苑》、《楚辭》?！队?xùn)儉示康》 司馬光 《過(guò)秦論》 賈誼 《師說(shuō)》 韓愈 與柳宗元并稱“韓柳”。
這是韓愈的代表作之一，文章針對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)士大夫恥于從師的惡劣社會(huì)風(fēng)氣，闡述了師的作用和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，從師學(xué)習(xí)的重要性和從師應(yīng)持的態(tài)度，提倡能者為師、不恥下問(wèn)、教學(xué)相長(zhǎng)。這些精辟的見(jiàn)解還突破了孔子學(xué)說(shuō)的框框，因有進(jìn)步的一面，在當(dāng)時(shí)是具有移風(fēng)易俗影響的?！妒娚接洝?蘇軾
文章通過(guò)記敘作者對(duì)石鐘山得名由來(lái)的探究，說(shuō)明要認(rèn)識(shí)事物的真相必須“目見(jiàn)耳聞”，切忌主觀臆斷的道理。通過(guò)記游來(lái)說(shuō)明道理，敘議緊密結(jié)合，前后呼應(yīng)，事、理渾然一體，與一般游記不同，不重山川風(fēng)物的描繪，而重在因事說(shuō)理。
寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)：全文由思而行，由感而發(fā)，緣事寓理，夾敘、夾議，記敘、描寫(xiě)、議論、抒情環(huán)環(huán)相扣，渾然一體，率性而至，毫無(wú)雕琢痕跡，行文簡(jiǎn)潔而又隨筆揮灑，輕快自如，寫(xiě)得頗有情致。是為因事說(shuō)理的千古名篇。
字君實(shí)，北宋文學(xué)家、史學(xué)家，主編《資治通鑒》 西漢文學(xué)家、政論家，人稱賈長(zhǎng)沙，代表作《吊屈原賦》
劉向：字子政。西漢經(jīng)學(xué)家、目錄學(xué)家、文學(xué)家。所撰《別錄》，為我國(guó)目錄學(xué)之祖。
唐代文學(xué)家、政治家
韓愈：字退之，謚文，世稱韓文公，又稱韓昌黎、韓吏部，“唐宋八大家”之一，唐代古文運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖。8
《勸學(xué)》 荀子
荀子：名況，戰(zhàn)果末期思想家，儒家學(xué)派
主旨：本篇分別從學(xué)習(xí)的重要性、學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度以及學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容和方法等方面，全面而深刻地論說(shuō)了有關(guān)學(xué)習(xí)的問(wèn)題。強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)的作用，提倡虛心求教、學(xué)無(wú)止境、循序漸進(jìn)、堅(jiān)持不懈、專心致志。
寫(xiě)作特色：
1、本文篇幅雖長(zhǎng)，但層次井然。全文說(shuō)理深入，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，代表了先秦論說(shuō)文成熟階段的水平。
2、文章在語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用上，長(zhǎng)短句并用，對(duì)偶排比句兼行，勻稱而又錯(cuò)落有致。讀來(lái)朗朗上口，富于音樂(lè)節(jié)奏美。
3、在論說(shuō)過(guò)程中，使用了大量的比喻來(lái)說(shuō)明道理，使人易于接受。
高三（上）
《雨巷》 戴望舒 丁香姑娘的象征意義：
1、以花喻人是古人的傳統(tǒng)。丁香是傳統(tǒng)的意象。古詩(shī)中的丁香是愁怨的化身。戴望舒筆下的丁香則突出了它的芬芳、顏色，從而成為美好的代稱。
2、丁香姑娘她美麗、高潔、飄緲、哀怨，象征著詩(shī)人對(duì)理想，人生信念的追求，甚至可以象征著一切值得追求的美麗的事物，也可以說(shuō)象征了美好但空虛、易幻滅的事物。意象的多義性決定了主題的多義性，這是現(xiàn)代派詩(shī)歌的特點(diǎn)。
情感：凄婉、哀怨、迷茫而又滿懷期待的情懷
主旨：作于1927年，運(yùn)用了象征性的意象創(chuàng)造意境，抒發(fā)了作者找不到革命前途而彷徨迷茫，感傷痛苦的情緒。
.《荷塘月色》朱自清
作者：朱自清，原名自華，字佩弦，號(hào)秋實(shí)。1948年8月病逝于北京。他是詩(shī)人、散文家、學(xué)者，又是民主戰(zhàn)士、愛(ài)國(guó)知識(shí)分子。毛澤東稱他“表現(xiàn)我們民族的英雄氣概”。著作寫(xiě)照。
主旨：通過(guò)在月下荷塘靜謐幽美的景色中獨(dú)處的心理描述，折射出對(duì)**現(xiàn)實(shí)的不滿，對(duì)紛擾世俗生活的無(wú)奈，抒發(fā)對(duì)和平寧?kù)o生活的向往。
情感線索：走出家門(mén) →
荷塘
→回到現(xiàn)實(shí)
不寧?kù)o
→ 寧?kù)o(優(yōu)美、朦朧)→不寧?kù)o 淡淡的哀愁→淡淡的喜悅→淡淡的哀愁
.《荷花淀》 孫犁
“荷花淀派”創(chuàng)始人
主旨：小說(shuō)以抗日根據(jù)地人民的抗日生活為背景,描述了以水生嫂為代表的白洋淀青年婦女逐步由普通勞動(dòng)者成長(zhǎng)為機(jī)智勇敢的抗日游擊戰(zhàn)士的過(guò)程,表現(xiàn)抗日根據(jù)地人民熱愛(ài)生活,熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)的精神。
寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)：情節(jié)淡化、環(huán)境詩(shī)化、意境實(shí)化； 詩(shī)體小說(shuō)：將小說(shuō)的故事性、藝術(shù)形象、文學(xué)性融合。小說(shuō)三要素：人物、情節(jié)(開(kāi)端、發(fā)展、高潮、結(jié)局)、環(huán)境
關(guān)于荷花淀派：作者追求散文格調(diào)，追求詩(shī)歌的意境，淡雅疏朗的詩(shī)情與樸素清新的泥土氣息的結(jié)合?！?寬容>序言》 房龍 動(dòng)勢(shì)力壓制新思想的罪惡。
表現(xiàn)手法：象征
“序”分為書(shū)序、贈(zèng)序，本文為書(shū)序。《<激流>總序》 巴金
巴金，原名李堯棠，字芾甘。主要著作有《滅亡》、《激流》三部曲、《寒夜》、散文集《隨想錄》等?！都ち鳌啡壳骸都摇贰洞骸贰肚铩?；愛(ài)情三部曲：《霧》《雨》《電》
寫(xiě)作特色：象征手法（用特定的、易引起聯(lián)想的物象，來(lái)表現(xiàn)抽象的、不便表達(dá)的意義。）《激流》三部曲：表現(xiàn)了青年一代向往自由，擺脫束縛的追求。
以寓言故事作為序言
主旨：用具體的人、物象征抽象的思想、情感、精神，倡言思想的解放，主張對(duì)異見(jiàn)的寬容，譴責(zé)反
“雨巷詩(shī)人”
《人因?yàn)樗枷攵鴤ゴ蟆?帕斯卡爾 因此，我們的全部尊嚴(yán)就在于思想。
歐洲三大經(jīng)典散文集：帕斯卡爾《思想錄》、蒙田《蒙田隨筆集》、培根《培根論人生》 《世間最美的墳?zāi)埂?茨威格
托爾斯泰：俄國(guó)著名作家，代表作有《戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平》、《安娜?卡列尼娜》、《復(fù)活》等
主旨：以托爾斯泰墓的樸素與墓主人的偉大作對(duì)比，展現(xiàn)了托爾斯泰不求名聲，無(wú)意讓人憑吊，追求樸素自然的的幸福觀與人生觀，表達(dá)了對(duì)托爾斯泰的敬意。
大音希聲、大象無(wú)形，表面的“無(wú)”中蘊(yùn)涵著深刻的“有”?！独先伺c海》 海明威
1954年因《老人與?！帆@諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。
“硬漢精神”：處于困境、絕望、危險(xiǎn)、死亡面前時(shí)勇往直前，頑強(qiáng)拼搏、永不低頭的無(wú)畏的可貴精神。
桑提亞哥：勇敢、自信的化身
主旨：小說(shuō)通過(guò)大量的內(nèi)心獨(dú)白，展現(xiàn)了84天未釣到魚(yú)的老人圣地亞哥永不屈服，永不放棄的“硬漢”形象，是一個(gè)勝利的失敗者，一個(gè)失敗的英雄。《未有天才之前》魯迅
本文是魯迅先生 1924年在北京師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)校友會(huì)上所作的一篇著名的演講，收入他的文集《墳》。青年學(xué)生容易被社會(huì)浮躁之風(fēng)浸染，好高騖遠(yuǎn)、不切實(shí)際，魯迅先生在演講中號(hào)召年輕人要甘于當(dāng)“泥土”，在當(dāng)今時(shí)代亦有其現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。主旨：良好的環(huán)境造就人才。
在當(dāng)時(shí)產(chǎn)生不出天才的原因：
1、整理國(guó)學(xué)和崇拜創(chuàng)作
2、惡意批評(píng) 《采薇》 《詩(shī)經(jīng)》
歸家戍邊戰(zhàn)士途中的所思所感
《詩(shī)經(jīng)》：305篇，又稱《詩(shī)》、《詩(shī)三百》，我國(guó)第一部詩(shī)歌總集。詩(shī)經(jīng)六義：風(fēng)雅頌（內(nèi)容）、賦比興（表現(xiàn)手法）
主旨：以比興，重章疊唱等手法反映征戍之苦，思鄉(xiāng)之情，對(duì)時(shí)光流逝，生命消耗的哀傷，對(duì)家人的牽掛憂慮。同時(shí)又有為國(guó)征戰(zhàn)，赴死疆場(chǎng)的愛(ài)國(guó)主義。《歸去來(lái)兮辭》 陶淵明
形式：寓情于景，情景交融，雙聲疊韻
主旨：描繪閑適的田園生活，表達(dá)作者對(duì)田園生活、大自然的贊美；厭惡官場(chǎng)，對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)無(wú)聲的反抗；對(duì)歸隱生活的向往；樂(lè)安天命，閑適超脫的生活態(tài)度?！蛾惽楸怼?李密
字令伯，一名虔
《陳情表》為西晉李密寫(xiě)給晉武帝的奏章。文章敘述祖母撫育自己的大恩，以及自己應(yīng)該報(bào)養(yǎng)祖母的大義；除了感謝朝廷的知遇之恩以外，又傾訴自己不能從命的苦衷，真情流露，委婉暢達(dá)。有“讀李密《陳情表》不流淚者不孝”的說(shuō)法。
表：古代奏章的一種，多用于臣向君陳請(qǐng)謝賀。
語(yǔ)言特色：整散結(jié)合，錯(cuò)落有致，多用四字連用、排比句，語(yǔ)勢(shì)連貫，節(jié)奏緊湊，將作者對(duì)祖母的感情、忠孝兩難之情表達(dá)得淋漓盡致。《月夜》 杜甫 《夜雨寄北》 李商隱
少陵野老、杜少陵、杜工部、詩(shī)圣 字義山，號(hào)玉谿生 賞析：詩(shī)從對(duì)面寫(xiě)起，別具匠心，表達(dá)的情感曲折有致，更加委婉深厚，具有強(qiáng)烈的藝術(shù)感染力。語(yǔ)言特色：樸素直白，簡(jiǎn)潔易懂，打破了近體使用字重復(fù)的大忌，刻意重復(fù)“巴山夜雨”的意象
字元亮，一說(shuō)名潛、字淵明，世稱靖節(jié)先生
內(nèi)容：表達(dá)了作者對(duì)官場(chǎng)的厭惡和鄙視，以及對(duì)美好田園生活的向往和熱愛(ài)。
海明威：美國(guó)作家，著有長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《永別了，武器》、《喪鐘為誰(shuí)而鳴》，中篇小說(shuō)《老人與?！返龋孙@然是因?yàn)樗枷攵?。人只不過(guò)是一根蘆葦，是自然界最脆弱的東西；但他是一根能思想的蘆葦。10
《水調(diào)歌頭》 蘇軾
上闋：入世與出世的矛盾——熱愛(ài)生活、熱愛(ài)人生，放不下人間疾苦
下闋：月亮（人有悲歡離合，月有陰晴圓缺，此事古難全）——難以十全十美；理智與情感的矛盾 《秦晉殽之戰(zhàn)》 左丘明《左傳》
《左轉(zhuǎn)》：即《左氏春秋傳》簡(jiǎn)稱。編年體史書(shū)。相傳為春秋末年魯國(guó)史官左丘明所撰。《春秋三傳》即《左氏春秋傳》《春秋公羊傳》、《春秋谷梁傳》，合稱“春秋三傳”?！而欓T(mén)宴》 司馬遷《史記》 《蘇武傳》 班固《漢書(shū)》 第一部紀(jì)傳體斷代史。
表現(xiàn)手法：語(yǔ)言、動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)，細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)，對(duì)比反襯，環(huán)境烘托 《伶官傳序》 歐陽(yáng)修《新五代史》
紀(jì)傳體 斷代史 《史記》：第一部紀(jì)傳體通史。十表、八書(shū)、十二本紀(jì)、三十世家、七十列傳。
選自《漢書(shū)》。班固（32-92），字孟堅(jiān)，東漢扶風(fēng)安陵（今陜西咸陽(yáng)）人，著名史學(xué)家?！稘h書(shū)》是我國(guó)歐陽(yáng)修：字永叔，號(hào)醉翁、六一居士。北宋史學(xué)家、文學(xué)家。唐宋八大家之一。
通過(guò)對(duì)后唐莊宗得天下、失下天的典型事例，闡述了國(guó)家盛衰主要是由人事的道理。作者作此序是為了告戒當(dāng)時(shí)北宋王朝執(zhí)政者：要吸取歷史教訓(xùn)，居安思危，防微杜漸，不應(yīng)滿足表面的虛榮。論證方法：例證、引證、對(duì)比論證
第二篇：高一至高三英語(yǔ)課文經(jīng)典句子及重點(diǎn)詞組歸納
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首高一至高三英語(yǔ)課文經(jīng)典句子及重點(diǎn)詞組歸納
1—2(BII): 1.This is the first time that I have ever tasted this kind of food.(It is the first time that?)
2.Only in this way can you learn English well.(Only in this way can/will/?sb.do sth.倒裝)3.There is not much point in working on my PhD.(There is no point in doing?)4.In this book, Hawking explains both what it means to be a scientist and how science works.5.People who listen to Hawking’s lectures sometimes find it difficult to understand him.3—4(BII): 6.Reading is to the mind what food is to the body.(A is to B what C is to D)7.She thought I was talking about her daughter while I was talking about my daughter.(?while?)
8.These coins are of different sizes and shapes.(be of + n.)9.No matter how well translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.(No matter?)
10.When he woke up , he found himself lost in the forest.(find oneself?)
11.Seen from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel, and it looks just like a bird’s nest made of tree branches.12.The great moment for European literature to come to China is between 1910 and late 1930s when famous writers such as Lu Xun and Guo Moruo translated both poetry and novels into Chinese.5—6(BII): 13.It is only a matter of time before the police get/catch the thief.(It is a matter of ?)14.It was not until twelve o’clock that I went to bed last night.(It is not until ? that ?)
15.Can you tell me what your school is like?(What something is like ?)16.The news that our team has won the game is true.(同位語(yǔ)that-clause)17.I love singing, while my brother likes playing computer games.(?while?)18.Between Britain and Ireland, in the Irish Sea, lies the small Isle of Man.19.The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.(make/find/think/consider/feel it adj.for sb.to do sth.)
7—8(BII): 20.Should they have patience, they could do the work well.21.It’s high time that they got down to doing the homework.選資源互助社區(qū)
taoti.tl100.com 你的首22.If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.(主從時(shí)間不一致)23.If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.24.A.She treats the boy as if he were her own son.B.He talks as if he had been to the moon.C.He talks as if he would go to the moon.9—10(BII): 25.She is content with what the representatives from the world summarized at the Earth Summit.(be content with)26.The United Nations held a meeting that society should be in harmony with nature.(in harmony with)27.Upon/On arrival, the specialist advised the AIDS patient to calm down.(upon/on n./doing sth.;advise sb.to do sth.)28.The specialist advised the AIDS patient to calm down immediately he arrived.(immediately/directly = as soon as 后接從句)29.Hardly/No sooner had the specialist arrived when/than he advised the AIDS patient to calm down.(Hardly/No sooner had sb.done sth.when/than sb.did sth.)30.Had I known that air conditioners cause so much pollution, I would never have bought one.31.And poverty is less of a problem and people are better educated, there is a good chance that we will see less violence and fewer wars.(There is a chance that?;Chances are that?)
11—12(BII): 32.Her brilliant parents have had a great effect on her, so she has made many breakthroughs in the field of science.33.It is believed that practice makes perfect.34.Not all people can aim their guns at the targets.= All people can not aim their guns at the targets.35.It is this fiction that reminds me of my childhood.36.Whatever(No matter how)happens, we must keep calm.37.In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out to be a submarine.38.One of the mottos for the park----“Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power”----makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future.13----14(BII): 39.Where was it that the road accident happened yesterday? 40.It will take a lot of courage to tell the truth.41.There was a time when this village used to be very quiet.42.Go and ask tom for whatever you need/want.選資源互助社區(qū)
taoti.tl100.com 你的首43.Even though the pure water is what gives sea water its main properties, the salinity of sea affects both its weight and freezing point.44.What all these people have in common is that they ask to be treated with respect, share the right to work, good housing conditions and education, and be treated equally to other people, regardless of race, religion or sex.15----16(BII): 45.There is no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.46.Should it rain(Were it to rain)tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Great Wall.47.I don’t mind her making fun of me.48.While I don’t like biology, I find it interesting.49.Take this opportunity please, and I guarantee(that)you won’t regret it.50.I guarantee to pay off my debts/that I will pay off my debts.51.They guarantee this machine to work for four years.17—18(BII): 52.It takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.(=It takes somebody some time to do something.)53.Young people are often compared to the rising sun at 8 or 9 o’clock in the morning.54.The news of their secret wedding soon got around.= The news that they got married secretly soon got around.= The news soon got around that they got married secretly.55.Now that you like the car so much, why not drive it back? 56.People like Xiao Wen and many other disabled people in our country have taught us the importance of giving everybody a chance to receive education.57.We do cut and paste, but we don’t use scissors or glue.19—20(BII): 58.We may as well have a try and see if it can be done.59.In terms of money they are quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.60.We sometimes tend to think that the ocean bottom is made up of smooth plains.61.It’s useless/no use to pretend/pretending that you didn’t know the truth.62.It was four o’clock in the afternoon when he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan, where an official warmly received then.63.I’d like to know more about life as it was two hundred years ago.64.It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he may have had a hand in planning the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones.(might/could)
1—4(BIII): 65.The elephant is about 14 times the weight of an adult.(A is/was ? times the size/length/height/depth/width?of B)
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首66.What do you think has happened to him? 67.During holidays, some like staying at home while others like traveling.68.He made it a rule to get up at 6:30 every day.69.Only in this way can you solve the problem.Only then did I realize that I was wrong.70.Impressive as the record is, it fades away next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against diseases.71.They had no idea what they were up against.72.The X Games are like the Olympic Games for sports that are less familiar to us than sports like football and basketball.5—8(BIII): 73.He was more mad than excited.74.We did what/all we could to help her.75.The reason why we were late was that our car didn’t come.76.Every/Each time I came to the city I always called on Mr.Smith.77.The more I get to know him, the better I like him.78.What kind of words do you think you would need to talk about advertising advertisements? 79.Lying around them were chains, guns, tools, bedding, clothing and many other articles.9—12(BIII): 80.Not only do they speak the same language(but)they also share a number of social customs.81.I knew the news long before you told me.82.Those who are diagnosed with lung cancer, as is the case with Wang Mingxiang, need operating on immediately.83.He sat there as if he were reading a novel.84.It wasn’t until he came here that I knew the truth.85.To make matters/things worse, Wang also had a son in college who had taken a bank loan to pay for his studies.(even worse, worse still)86.They can’t afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they got sick, nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.13—16(BIII): 87.We have no choice but to wait here.88.The further we walked into the forest, the more excited we became.89.We went without breakfast.90.It will be long before your father comes back from the USA.91.The instant/moment I did it I knew I had made a mistake.(minute, second)92.After designing more experiments, they were able to clarify the procedure by which bees communicate information that they use to find and fetch food.選資源互助社區(qū)
taoti.tl100.com 你的首93.They use the same senses as we do and their feet and hands are similar to ours, except that Chimpanzees still have opposable toes and grasp things with their feet.高一英語(yǔ)課文必背經(jīng)典句子200句
1.I hate hiking and I'm not into classical music.2.I surf the Internet all the time and I like playing computer games.3.Rock music is OK, and so is skiing.4.Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.5.One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.6.He realizes that he hasn’t been a very good friend because he has always been thinking about himself.7.Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow, and that it is important to have someone to care about.8.When he makes friends with Wilson, he understand that friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.9.The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers.10.I found the bathroom, but I didn’t find what I was looking for.11.Don’t forget to buy me some ketchup on your way back.12.There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.13.In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue.14.In China students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hong Kong, where many people speak English as a first or a second language.15.In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.16.With so many people communicating in English every day ,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.17.For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.18.In the same way Americans still use the expression “I guess “(meaning “I think”),just as the British did 300 years ago.19.At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages ,ending up with different words.20.Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or less the
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首same in both British and American English.21.However,most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.22.Many people travel because they want to see other countries and visit places that are famous, interesting or beautiful.23.Many of today’s travelers are looking for an unusual experience and adventure travel is becoming more and more popular.24.Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking.25.Hiking is fun and exciting, but you shouldn’t forget safety.26.A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams.27.If you want a normal rafting trip, choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few fallen trees or rocks.28.The name “whitewater “comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.29.As with hiking ,you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes.30.Jane and Betty are going on separate holidays in a few days’ time.31.When are you off to Guangzhou? 32.My plane leaves at seven, so I think we’ll take a taxi.33.See you when I get back.34.The next moment the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden.35.Now ,the water, which was cold as ice and flowed faster than a river, was above her knees.36.Jeff and Flora looked into each other’s face with a look of fright.37.Flora,whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.38.Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.39.The garden that was once so beautiful was completely destroyed, swept away by the wild water.40.I found some photos of interesting places which were not too far away from Chengdu.41.He told me that I could go on a two-day trip to Leshan and Emei, which wasn’t too expensive.42.First,we went to Leshan, where we climbed all the way up the mountain to see the Buddha.6
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首43.Looking up at the large head and down at the large feet makes you feel so small.44.Wei Bin took photos of us standing in front of the Buddha.45.Steven Spielberg, whose mother was a music teacher, was born in 1946 in a small town in America.46.In 1959 Spielberg won a prize for a film which he made when he was thirteen years old.47.The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low.48.Here he worked on a short film, which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world.49.This was the moment when Spieberg’s career really took off.50.It is about a big white shark that attacks swimmers who are spending their holidays in a small village by the sea.51.Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.52.Spielberg has made two films about creatures that come to the earth from outer space.53.For example , ET(1982)is about a young boy called Elliott who makes friends with a small creature from outer space and helps him to find a way to go home.54.Jurassic Park, which Spielberg made in 1993,is about a park where a very rich man keeps different kinds of dinosaurs.55.In his war films, he has shown that love and peace will win over war in the end.56.Steven Spielberg is one of the top directors in the film industry and also has many fans in China.57.When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success and happiness to his wife and children.58.He met Cate Capshaw, who is an actress, when he was working on one of his films.59.After that it still took seven years before they finally got married.60.Mr Gao, the only teacher of the Shuiquan Primary School, has to stay away for a month to take care of his sick mother.61.The most important thing for young Minzhi is not to lose any more pupils from the school---NOT ONE LESS—before Mr.Gao returns!62.She tries to keep the students in the classroom by locking them up in the classroom and running after those who escape.63.Minzhi wants to go to town, but she can’t afford to buy a bus ticket.7
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首64.She wants them to let her appear live on the air, hoping that Huike will see her.65.Many people like this not just because the story itself is moving, but also because most of the people in the film use their real names and play themselves.66.I guess it wasn’t really your fault, was it?
67.People who go to a formal Western dinner party for the first time may be surprised by table manners in Western culture.68.Having good table manners means knowing ,for example, how to use knives and forks, when to drink a toast and how to behave at the table.69.The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bit bigger than the ones beside them.70.In China, you sometimes get a hot, damp cloth to clean your face and hands, which ,however, is not the custom in Western countries.71.When drinking to someone’s health, you raise your glasses, but the glasses should not touch.72.Although good manners always make you look good, you do not need to worry about all these rules while having dinner with your friends or family.73.It is true that many of the world’s greatest cities have been built on the banks of a river.74.We will do everything we can to save our city.75.Pieces of the palaces that had been hidden before the Nazis came could be used to build the city and its culture.76.With the help of old paintings and photographs, the people of St Petersburg were able to bring back the beauty of their culture and history.77.Old paintings, including a portrait of Peter the Great which was found in the snow outside St Petersburg, have been carefully recreated, and the old palaces have been made as wonderful as in the past.78.Today Peter the Great on his bronze horse can once again look out over the city he built.79.Strong, proud and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.80.Some of the games in which the young men completed were: running, jumping and wrestling.81.In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals, ranking third of the competing countries.8
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首82.Many of the Chinese medals were won in diving and gymnastics and also in events such as weightlifting and shooting.83.Following the history-making success in the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, China won another great competition in 2001 which was not for a medal.84.The people of Beijing.and of the whole country, will be preparing to light the Olympic torch to welcome athletes and sports fans from all over the world.85.Wang Mei puts her hand into her pocket,takes out her red cellphone and presses the talk key.86.Cellphones, or mobile phones ,make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere.87.New functions are being added to the phones.88.The latest cellphones have features such as games ,music and an electronic calendar that will remind you about appointments and important dates.89.The students obey the rules and agree not to use their phones in the classroom.90.The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.91.Having a cellphone also makes us feel safer, since we can call for help in case of an emergency.92.She says that her cellphone helps her do whatever she wants to do and still stay in touch with her parents and friends.93.” I think it’s the most useful invention ever “Wang Mei says as she is dialling the number to Xiao Li again to ask her what she will be wearing to school tomorrow.94.Wang Mei calls her best friend Xiao Li at least once a day to see how she is doing and what is going on.95.Once,the earth was a beautiful blue planet where people lived happily among trees and animals.96.The human beings have been able to keep a small, secret school open since the machines took over.97.Now, the leader has asked a group of students to do what they can to save the earth.98.Instead, the students have decided to come up with a peaceful solution.99.Steve Jones is an environmental expert who tries to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.100.We often talk about how important it is to take care of ourselves and our planet, 9
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首but we don’t always do as we say.101.Many of the earth’s plants and animals have already died out, and several other species are endangered.102.If we want to live a better life and have a bright future, we must learn to act in ways that do not harm other living things.103.If we know more about what causes endangerment ,we may be able to take measures before it is too late.104.A species can become endangered for different reasons.105.Animals and plants must have a habitat, or home, which is comfortable and clean, and where there is enough food and other resources.106.They are all used to their environment;that is ,they have learnt how to live successfully in their habitat.107.Experts tell us that we need to think about what we can do to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.108.Professor Stevenson explained to the students that the milu deer had been very common in China a long time ago, but it disappeared during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.109.What we hear on the radio or see on TV is only a small part of all the wonderful music that is waiting for us.110.People have been playing the blues for many years , but the music has kept many of its characteristics.111.Hip-top music often combines parts of other styles to create music that will help people hear new things in old music.112.Latin music –music that uses traditional styles from Latin America—has spread all over the world.113.The blues comes from African songs that people used to sing when they worked and during festivals.114.There is a wide variety of new music to be discovered in every corner of the world, so the next time you look for a tape or a CD, don’t just look for Chinese or American music—open your ears to the sounds of the world.115.They play music to satisfy their inner desire.116.They do not think how much money they can make from a song;instead, they sing for their emotions and live for music.117.The process of making rock music, however, is totally different.10
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首118.You must believe in what you do and who you want to succeed in the world –the magical world of Hogwarts and the real one.119.If only they could find a way to get to the room, or whatever it was, behind the wall.120.Our eating habits have changed, as has our way of life, and the fuel we need for our bodies is also different.121.If we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life, we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat.122.When we choose what to buy and eat, we had better think whether the food will give us the nutrients we need.123.Vitamins, which we can get from eating vegetables, fruit, fish and drinking milk, help our body fight disease.124.Many people today make choices about their eating habits based on what they believe.125.Organic vegetables are those that are grown without chemicals that can be harmful to human beings or the environment.126.Because we have so much to choose from, many companies and stores offer advice about what we should eat.127.The best way to make sure that we will feel and look fine is to develop healthy eating habits.128.Only in that way will we be ready fro the challenges and opportunities in life.129.I am a little nervous about, because I am not sure how I should behave at the dinner table.130.The week following Christmas Day, many African—American families get together to greet the new year and think about the past.131.Kwanzaa was born in 1966, when people created a new festival so that African Americans would be able to celebrate their history and culture.132.We must do as much as we can to make our community better and more beautiful.133.Since Kwanzaa is a time for learning as well as joy, people celebrate it by lighting a candle each day and discussing one of the seven principles of Kwanzaa.134.Each time we celebrate a festival it changes a little and in that way we keep our culture alive.135.Peter played a trick on Carol and she wouldn’t talk to him for two days.They made peace after Peter treated her to a nice lunch.11
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首136.It is a reminder that we need to care about the world we live in and that we should learn to respect life and nature.137.The best trick is one that makes everyone laugh, including the “fool”.138.Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a necklace of yours? 139.I can’t be the only woman who isn’t wearing jewellery.140.I saw a lovely diamond necklace with a big blue stone in the center.141.Pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball.But that was the last moment of happiness in our lives.142.On our way home that night I looked down and saw that the necklace was not around my neck any more.143.If we work together, we might come up with a very good story.144.The student is on her way to school and she meets a girl that looks exactly like her.145.IN the 18th century, Benjamin Franklin conducted a number experiments in which he showed what electricity is.146.Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.147.When the first thunderstorm came, I took my condenser to a shed in the fields where I could do my experiment.148.Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.149.This ribbon, which must not get wet, will protect you from the electricity.150.British law says that every new drug must be tested on at least two different kinks of animals, such as mice or dogs.151.Scientists say that if a medicine works with animals, there is a very high chance that it also works with people.152.There is no doubt that 100 years ago animal testing was cruel but today animals in experiments are very well taken care of.153.It has often been said that life is difficult as it is.For women it sometimes twice as difficult.154.On the third day I was struggling through stormy weather and during the next week the wind grew stronger and I found myself spending a whole day in my tent.155.Changes were just around the corner.12
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首156.I had traveled only two hours one day when the winds increased so much that I had to put my tent up before the winds became too strong.157.I was thankful for all the training I had had.158.I was so optimistic that I decided that the next day, I would increase my workday to 12 hours.159.Lying on the ice, I would soon die.I struggled to my knees knowing that somehow I had to put my tent up for shelter.160.It is an experience I shall never forget and shall value for the rest of my life.161.In her television shows she makes it possible to talk about great moments and difficulties in people’s lives.She has helped thousands of men and women come to terms with things that bother them and that they could not talk about with others.162.She is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.163.It was a time in which many sad things happened to her.164.In 1984, she moved to Chicago, where she became the host of a talk show called “AM Chicago”.165.Her life shows us that hard work and discipline are the road to self—improvement, and success lies somewhere along the road.166.When I grow up I hope to be just as successful as you are.167.New Zealand is an island that lies off the eastern coast of Australia.It is make up of two large islands: North Island and South Island.168.The ocean and seas surrounding the islands are deep blue and many of New Zealand’s cities lie on a bay and have a natural deep harbor.169.The North Island is famous fro an area of hot springs, some of which throw hot water high into the air.170.There are many plants and animals that only live in New Zealand.171.More than 120 years later, Capital James Cook took possession of the islands in 1796 and from that time British people started to settle in New Zealand.172.It is a good thing that New Zealand helps the Maori to keep their own language and culture.173.New Zealand has a population of about 3.8 million people, of which about fourteen percent are Maori.174.The majority of the people speak English.However, Maori, which the native language of the Maori people, is also an official language.175.Maori children are taught at an early age what to do when they come the marae.13
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首176.New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.Living in a country with plenty of space and a good climate, New Zealanders love all kinds of sport and outdoor activities.177.Farmers in China have long used techniques such as fertilization and irrigation to make their land produce more.178.To make as much use of the land as possible, two or more crops are planted each year where possible.179.It was from the early 1990s that scientists started to developed new techniques to increase agricultural production without harming the environment.180.Not only is food production important but also taking care of the environment.181.Using the latest technologies, Chinese scientists grow vegetables in greenhouse.182.Today many vegetables are not grown in gardens but in greenhouses where they are protected for the wind, rain and insects.The temperature is controlled with computers, no matter how the weather is outside.183.One of China’s early agricultural scientists was Jia sixie, who lived in the sixth century.184.If you go against nature and do things at the wrong time of year, you will have to do more work and the results will no be so good.185.When you plough the soil, plough deep the first and less deep the second time.186.The best harvest is reached when farmers changed the crops in their fields.187.He said that it is good to grow different plants next to each other in the same field.188.The wisdom of farmers about the weather and farming is collected in many popular proverbs and passed on from generation to generation.189.The actors make us laugh by making fun of somebody’s way of dressing or telling an amusing story.190.It is their clothes, make-up and the way they walk that make people laugh.191.What comedians have in common with the players in a comedy is their way of playing with words.192.Dating back to the Qin Dynasty, the traditional crosstalk show, or xiangsheng shows, have made people all over China roar with laughter for centuries.193.The story of how I got my new job, and come to be on such good terms with my boss is funny one.194.I cycled as fast as I could and saw that the driver in the yellow car was waiting 14
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首at the red light.195.I told him that he was a danger to other people on the road.196.Drive carefully so that everyone can enjoy a long life.197.There was a woman who was the boss of the office in which I wanted to work.198.I was pleased that the manager had decided to be angry with me for having been so rude.199.We can learn a lot about what a person is thinking by watching his or her body language.200.Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.201.While there are many different interpretation of our body language, some gestures seem to be universal.202.If we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.203.The father must have said something encouraging because the boy finally got up and made a good speech.204.Unlike traditional amusement parks, theme parks often want to teach visitors something.205.What they all have in common is that they combine fun with opportunity t learn something.206.Theme parks try to make sure that visitors leave knowing more about their theme.207.Having enjoyed the rides at the Headland, visitors can take the shuttle to the Lowland.208.Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.209.The parks are becoming more advanced and new technology allows us to experience almost anything without actually being in danger or risking injury.210.Having been told that her daughter got sick, she hurried to the school to take her home.高三英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)與句型匯編(1--8單元)Units 1－2 Ⅰ.重要短語(yǔ)
1.in the first place 首先；第一；原先 2.set down 記下；寫(xiě)下
3.burst into sth.突然而猛烈地發(fā)出或產(chǎn)生某事物
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首4.centre on/upon 將某人（某事物）當(dāng)作中心或重點(diǎn) 5.concentrate on 專心致志于 6.Tour de France 環(huán)法自行車(chē)賽
7.keep track of 追蹤；掌握??的線索；保持對(duì)??的聯(lián)系 8.stand out 突出；出色
9.be diagnosed with...被確診患有??（疾病）10.in a row 連續(xù)地，一連串地
11.lead sb.in doing sth.致使某人做某事 12.apply for 提出申請(qǐng)（或要求等）
13.make for 走向；向??前進(jìn)；有利于，有助于；傾向于 14.get a better understanding of...更充分地理解?? 15.head down to...向??進(jìn)發(fā)，動(dòng)身 16.hang ten（沖浪運(yùn)動(dòng)中）作十趾吊 17.in the name of 以??的名義；代表 18.push on（with sth.）毅然繼續(xù)（做某事）19.run out of 耗盡；用光
20.apart from...除??外（尚有）21.set sail（to/from/for...）起航 22.compete for 為??而競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 23.in search of 尋找 24.give birth to 生；產(chǎn)生
25.as long as（表示條件）只要??
26.at the height of 在??頂點(diǎn)；在（事業(yè)等）的高峰 27.for once and always 一勞永逸地 28.be made up of 由??構(gòu)成；組成 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Tian’anmen Square is the largest square in the world with an area of about 40 hectares.（with引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)）
2.Impressive as the record is，it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease.（as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要倒裝）
3.July 13，2001 saw a very bright night in Beijing that will never fade in history.（see在該句中的意思是“目睹；經(jīng)歷”）
4.A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.（一鳥(niǎo)在手勝過(guò)雙鳥(niǎo)在林。）5.It was not until 1874，when a young American explorer followed the Nile from Lake 16
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首Victoria through to Lake Albert，that this part of the river’s course was finally explored.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句型）
6.It was believed that the northern coast of this continent lay somewhere in the Pacific Ocean.（It is/was believed that...人們相信??）Units 3－4 Ⅰ.重要短語(yǔ)
1.as a consequence（of）作為（??的）結(jié)果 2.the Commonwealth of Australia 澳大利亞聯(lián)邦 3.go walkabout到灌木叢中閑逛 4.break out（指激烈事件）突然發(fā)生
5.feed...on給（人或動(dòng)物）食物；喂養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng) 6.round up使集合在一起
7.stand for代表，代替；象征，意味著
8.have a strong/great influence on...對(duì)??有重大影響 9.benefit from...從??受益 10.differ from...和??不同 11.be fond of喜歡 12.have fun with開(kāi)玩笑 13.set foot on踏上 14.give birth to生；產(chǎn)生 15.in area在面積上 16.keep out（使）在外 17.all the year round終年
18.have access to接近（或進(jìn)入）的方法（或權(quán)利、機(jī)會(huì)等）19.on a large scale大規(guī)模地；大范圍地 20.pass away去世；逝世 21.belong to屬于
22.base...on...把??基于?? 23.at first sight 乍一看（之下）24.be born into 出身于
25.have an appetite for 愛(ài)好?? 26.look out for 照料，照看??
27.put together 把??放在一起；把??加在一起
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首28.work out 做出；設(shè)計(jì)出；制訂出；算出 29.make contributions to 對(duì)??作出貢獻(xiàn) 30.adapt to 適應(yīng) Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Many Aborigines and islanders were moved and had their land taken away from them.（have sth.done 結(jié)構(gòu)）
2.Only in this way could the people in Australia build a society of diverse cultures.（倒裝句）
3.Some books are to be tasted；others swallowed；and some to be chewed and digested.4.Shanghai is not longer what it used to be.5.It was Joseph Banks who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic research.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的 主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)為表示人的名詞）Units 5-6 Ⅰ.重要短語(yǔ)
1.take into consideration 考慮到，顧及 2.in charge（of）處于控制或支配地位；負(fù)責(zé) 3.hand in hand 手拉手；密切關(guān)聯(lián)的 4.get across 傳播；為人理解 5.appeal to 有吸引力；呼吁；上訴
6.keep an eye out for sb./sth.留心或注意某人或某物 7.make sense 有意義；有道理；講得通 8.apply...to...運(yùn)用；應(yīng)用 9.lose heart 泄氣；灰心 10.take it easy 別緊張；放松點(diǎn)
11.keep up 維持；保持；使某事物處于高水平12.common sense 常識(shí)；情理 13.leave behind 忘帶；留下 14.lose one’s way 迷路 15.come to an end 結(jié)束；中止
16.live through sth.經(jīng)歷某事物而幸存 17.tie up 系；拴；捆 18.at stake 在危險(xiǎn)中 19.go for 為??去努力獲取
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首20.lose weight 減肥
21.be to blame 該受責(zé)備；應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)
22.be upset about...（對(duì)??感到）不安的；不快的；心煩意亂的 23.associate...with...使發(fā)生聯(lián)系；使聯(lián)合 24.protect...from...保護(hù)??免于?? 25.be promoted with（用??手段來(lái)）宣傳，推銷(xiāo)
26.create/form a positive image of 塑造/形成一個(gè)正面的形象 27.point out 指出 28.think twice 重新考慮 29.believe in 相信；信仰
30.set off for...出發(fā)，動(dòng)身到?? 31.be accustomed to習(xí)慣于?? 32.on all fours 匍匐，趴著 33.come to a decision 決定下來(lái)
34.come to an agreement 達(dá)成一致；達(dá)成協(xié)議 35.come to a conclusion 告終；下結(jié)論 36.take up 拿起；著手處理；開(kāi)始（從事于）Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits.（部分否定）
2.Good advertisements make it possible for companies to introduce new products and increase sales.（make 后接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)）
3.Some companies prefer a well-known word，while others choose names from old stories or legends.（注意該并列連詞的詞義及用法）
4.It is possible that the reader or viewer will remember the advertisement but not the name of the product.5.In the 1960s，a British car company which made very expensive cars was about to sell its latest car in Germany.6.A young man in our group suggested that I stay behind with the children，and wait for help.（suggest后接賓語(yǔ)從句，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“（should）+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)）7.No pains，no gains！不勞則無(wú)獲！Units 7-8 Ⅰ.重要短語(yǔ)
1.care for 喜愛(ài)；照顧
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2.leave alone 不管；隨??去 3.in want of 需要
4.close up（尤指暫時(shí)）關(guān)閉；使*近5.care about 介意??，在乎，關(guān)心 6.safety standards 安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 7.working conditions 工作條件 8.social conscience 社會(huì)道德 9.a poor excuse 一個(gè)差勁的借口 10.bring in 賺入??；獲利
11.be badly-off 生活窮困 12.fall asleep 入睡
13.have no eye for 不關(guān)心；不在意 14.far from 遠(yuǎn)離；一點(diǎn)也不 15.comment on 評(píng)論，批評(píng)，解釋
16.in face of 面對(duì)??，在??面前，不顧?? 17.in favor of 支持??，贊同??；為有利于?? 18.in praise of 稱贊?? 19.in hope of 抱著??的希望 20.in charge of 掌管，負(fù)責(zé)
21.in memory of 為了紀(jì)念；為追悼?? 22.in honor of 為了紀(jì)念 23.in search of 搜尋 24.in need of 需要 25.turn down 拒絕 26.as follows 如下
27.end up in 以??告終，以??為結(jié)局 28.one by one 一個(gè)接一個(gè)地；逐個(gè)地 29.date back to（時(shí)間）追溯到 30.get it wrong 誤解
31.on the contrary 相反的是；反而 32.toast to 干杯；祝酒
33.make sense of 弄懂??的意思 34.in other words 換句話說(shuō)；換言之
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首35.take risks 冒險(xiǎn)
36.experiment with 進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)；進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn) 37.piles of 一大堆；一大批；一大團(tuán) 38.fall behind 落后于 39.come across（偶然）遇見(jiàn) 40.make progress 取得進(jìn)步
41.adjust...to...調(diào)整??；調(diào)解?? 42.as a consequence 因此
43.regardless of 不顧，不管，不拘 44.take place 發(fā)生 45.thanks to 多虧了，由于 46.wake up 醒來(lái)；叫醒 47.stay up 挺住；堅(jiān)持不睡覺(jué) 48.broaden one’s horizons 開(kāi)闊眼界 49.in the beginning 開(kāi)始；起初 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.But make sure to be early in the office the day after?。╩ake sure 后常接從句或of doing sth.）
2.Much good may it do you！
3.If they would rather die，they had better do it.4.It’s not my business.5.My hands are too cold to write.6.Let’s observe another little scene，as you might have in your life to come.（as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ) 從句）
7.I beg your pardon a thousand times.8.Learning a language is obviously more than memorizing words，phrases and structures.（more than 不僅僅）
9.If you were to spend as many hours studying English，you would make great progress.（虛擬條件句）
10.The less anxious and more relaxed the learner，the better the language acquisition proceeds.（the more...，the more...越??，越??）
11.Not all of us want to be translators or interpreters.（部分否定）
12.It is time（that）the bus arrived here to pick up all the passengers.（虛擬語(yǔ) 21
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氣的使用）
13.It is high time for us to put an end to this silly argument.高三英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)與句型匯編(9-16單元)Units 9-10 Ⅰ.重要詞匯及短語(yǔ)
1.lay off 解雇；不理會(huì)；使下崗
2.make matters worse 使情況更困難或更危險(xiǎn) 3.get rid of 擺脫
4.make ends meet 使收支相抵；量入為出 5.be devoted to 獻(xiàn)身??的；專心于??的 6.play a role in 在??中起作用 7.medical treatment 醫(yī)療
8.reach a decision 決定下來(lái)；下結(jié)論 9.aim at 瞄準(zhǔn)；針對(duì)；目的在于
10.take measures to...采取措施來(lái)（做）?? 11.make a living 謀生 12.depend on 依靠；取決于
13.live on 以??為主食；靠??生活
14.prevent...from...阻止，阻擋；制止；妨礙 15.provide...for...為??提供?? 16.meet the needs of 滿足??的需要 17.be burdened with...使負(fù)重?fù)?dān)
18.put pressure on...給??施壓，增添壓力 19.state-owned companies 國(guó)有企業(yè) 20.lose weight 減肥 21.ready-made clothes 成衣 22.make fun of 取笑某人 23.attend to 處理；照顧；關(guān)照 24.take pride in 對(duì)??感到自豪 25.do up 打扮；梳妝 26.let down 不支持；使失望 27.at length 最后；終于；詳細(xì)地 28.at a time 一次
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首29.go far（人）大有前途；成功 30.come into being 形成 31.as to 關(guān)于
32.be accused of 被控訴，控告；被指責(zé)，譴責(zé) 33.set free 使獲得自由；釋放 34.refer to 參考；涉及；談到；指的是 35.turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向，變成；求助于 36.adapt to 使適應(yīng)，使適和 37.get accustomed to 變得習(xí)慣于 38.for a moment 片刻；暫時(shí) 39.live through 度過(guò)；經(jīng)受住 40.break out in tears 突然大哭起來(lái) 41.cut off 切掉；割掉；剪下；切斷；隔絕 42.tear at 撕，扯?? Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.What kind of programmes does the WHO run？
2.If I had had insurance，the sickness wouldn’t have caused such a big problem.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）
3.This allowance，however，is only enough to cover the most fundamental needs such as food and clothing.4.They cannot afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they get sick，nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.（部分倒裝）
5.It is sometimes said that a society can be judged by the way it cares for its weakest members.（據(jù)說(shuō)）
6.It was not until World War Ⅱ that the importance of Fleming’s discovery was fully recognized.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）
7.She stood by the window and looked out at a grey cat walking along a grey fence in a grey backyard.（表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞后接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的情況）
8....and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present.（相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句的不定式 結(jié)構(gòu)）
9.I had my hair cut off and sold it...（have作使役動(dòng)詞的用法）Units 11－12 Ⅰ.重要詞匯及短語(yǔ)
taoti.tl100.com 你的首選資源互助社區(qū)
1.stick with繼續(xù)支持；保持聯(lián)系 2.through thick and thin 不顧艱難 3.pull out of從??中退出 4.cater to滿足某種需要或要求
5.for the sake of由于；為了??的利益 6.in reality事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上 7.keep an eye on 照料；照管 8.take sth.into account考慮；體諒 9.as a whole 總的說(shuō)來(lái)；作為整體 10.once again再一次
11.live up to依照??行事；做到；不辜負(fù)（期望）12.accept...as...認(rèn)為??
13.on one’s own獨(dú)自，靠自己，獨(dú)立 14.the majority of大多數(shù)；大部分 15.a pie chart餅狀圖 16.a bar chart柱狀圖
17.match...to...使??（和??）調(diào)和，相配 18.be suspected of 被猜疑，被懷疑 19.take measures to...采取措施（做??）20.be familiar with 對(duì)??熟悉 21.be made up of構(gòu)成；組成 22.count...as...把??認(rèn)為?? 23.on the other hand 另一方面 24.attach to 伴隨??
25.be aware of 察覺(jué)到，感覺(jué)到，獲悉 26.be suitable for適合做??
27.guard...against...守護(hù)??（免于??），保護(hù) 28.make the best use of充分利用 29.on the surface 表面上的，外表上 30.as a matter of fact 實(shí)際上 31.be satisfied with 對(duì)??滿意 32.lose face 失面子
33.by means of以??，借著?? 34.put...to use使用，用，利用
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首35.in demand有需要的；吃香的 36.so as to為了，目的是 37.sit for參加（考試）
38.concentrate on 集中；專心；專注 39.to begin with首先；第一；起初
40.drop out（of）（從活動(dòng)、競(jìng)賽等中）退出；輟學(xué) 41.result in產(chǎn)生某種作用或結(jié)果 42.be skeptical of懷疑 43.take in把（某人）帶進(jìn)；領(lǐng)入 44.rely on依賴；依靠
45.as far as（遠(yuǎn)）至（某處）；到??程度 46.lifelong learning 終身學(xué)習(xí)47.work out解決；計(jì)算出；詳細(xì)擬訂 48.have a lot in common有很多共同之處 49.be suited for適合做??，對(duì)??適宜 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Not only will these qualities make you rise in the eyes of others,you will also feel better about yourself.（部分倒裝）
2.While working there you discover that the management does not take proper measures to ensure hygiene and safety of the food products....（狀語(yǔ)從句的省略）
3.What if you feel comfortable about doing a task by yourself？（如果??怎么樣）4.In sports teams each player has a clear role,and there are few occasions when members are confused or uncertain of their roles.（定語(yǔ)從句）
5.It is of great importance for the team and its coach to strike the right balance.（of+抽象名詞）
6.As years went by,she worked in many places.（as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句）
7.It is well-known that at the age of 17 to 18,many young people dream of going to university....（眾所周知）
8.No matter how hard you try,working towards a career for which you are not suitable is not going to get you there.（讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）
9.It is no use for everybody to try to pursue the same career.（亦可用It is no use doing sth.）
10.In China,as in other countries,the government realizes that the future welfare of their citizens is closely linked to education.（as表示“像”）
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首11....the number of students in some schools is so low that students of several different grades are taught in the same classroom.（主謂一致）
12.Look at the shape of the graph or chart,rather than the details,to spot this.（表示“不顧，而不是”）Units 13－14 Ⅰ.重要詞匯及短語(yǔ)
1.take place發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生；進(jìn)行，舉行 2.turn down拒絕，不接受 3.be set in以??為背景 4.pass on傳遞
5.go wrong不對(duì)頭，出毛病；失敗 6.except for除??之外；若無(wú) 7.be in love with愛(ài)上某人 8.learn about聽(tīng)到，獲悉
9.take one’s revenge on sb.for sth.因某事向某人報(bào)仇 10.break into pieces（使）成為碎片 11.keep...out of使??置身于外 12.at the time of在??的時(shí)候
13.turn out 結(jié)果（是），證明（是），原來(lái)（是）14.as for關(guān)于，至于 15.at times有時(shí)，不時(shí)
16.get straight to the point直奔主題 17.varieties of各種各樣的
18.to one’s surprise讓某人吃驚的是 19.as soon as一??就??
20.one after another一個(gè)接一個(gè)地，連續(xù)不斷地 21.come to light顯露出來(lái)，暴露 22.over and over again 23.tell...apart一再；多次；反復(fù) 24.get hold of抓??；拿?。晃兆?25.make a beeline for徑直朝??走去
26.as a matter of fact事實(shí)上；說(shuō)真的；實(shí)際上 27.keep in touch保持聯(lián)系 28.feast on大吃大喝；享受美食
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首29.make a distinction between...and...區(qū)分；區(qū)別 30.make sense有意義；有道理；講得通 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Finally,some Indians in unusual foreign clothes come to the house offering to entertain the guests,....（in表示“穿著，戴著”，后面可以接表示衣物或顏色的名詞）
2.Troubled by the loss of such a valuable jewel, Rachel’s mother hires the famous detective to investigate the theft.（過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)）
3.As the story develops we discover some secrets about the people at the house that night,and the reasons why they might have stolen the diamond.（as引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，表示時(shí)間，意思是“當(dāng)??時(shí)候”；why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞reason；might have +過(guò)去分詞，表示對(duì)過(guò)去的可能性的推測(cè)）
4.He goes on asking questions about the party and learns about Franklin’s quarrel with Dr.Candy.（go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做（同一件事情）
5.Rachel is stubborn in resisting his enquiries about the Moonstone to the degree that she makes it seem as if she does not want the mystery to be solved.6.One mistake could have resulted in a huge loss.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）
7.Fortunately he was successful in diving the diamond into nine large jewels.8.It turned out that Godfrey had also seen Franklin move the diamond that night....9....but when she changed her mind he had no choice but to go abroad to sell the diamond.（注意but的用法）
10.You should avoid being too straightforward.（avoid doing sth.）Units 15－16 Ⅰ.重要詞匯及短語(yǔ) 1.apply for申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求
2.straight away立刻地；毫不猶豫地
3.fit in（with）與??相適應(yīng)；與??相協(xié)調(diào) 4.hold back退縮；躊躇
5.take a while用一些（一段）時(shí)間 6.approve of贊同；贊許
7.have sth.in common with sb.和某人有共同之處 8.take part in參與；參加
9.make contributions to為??作出貢獻(xiàn)
10.Secretary General of the United Nations聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)
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taoti.tl100.com 你的首11.make a difference有關(guān)系；有影響；有意義 12.be eager to do sth.渴望做??
13.open up打開(kāi)，張開(kāi)；開(kāi)發(fā)；開(kāi)辟；揭露；展現(xiàn) 14.at times有時(shí)，不時(shí) 15.as a consequence結(jié)果；后果 16.be due to 應(yīng)歸于
17.become involved in使卷入，使陷入；拖累 18.make the adjustment to適應(yīng)于 19.take off脫下；（飛機(jī)）起飛 20.put on穿上，戴上
21.be popular with受（某人）歡迎 22.get in touch with和??取得聯(lián)系 23.dream of夢(mèng)想；向往 24.make use of利用
25.set up樹(shù)立；開(kāi)辦；設(shè)立；創(chuàng)立；建立 26.as well as也，又 27.come true實(shí)現(xiàn)，達(dá)到 28.be up to勝任，適于 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Mr Zhao is weak and cannot do much for himself without getting breathless and dizzy.（雙重否定）
2.I am having a great time doing it.3.Time to have fun and relax,and time for young people to take off their school uniform and put on their favorite casual clothes.（省略。It is time to have fun and relax.）
4.In the UK for example,a recent survey found that 6 out of 10 men and 46% of women regularly wear jeans....（分?jǐn)?shù)表示法）
5.Every time he plays football he is watched by thousands of adoring Becks fans all over the world.（連詞，意思是“每次”）
6.Now he is famous for his haircuts and lifestyle as well as for scoring goals.28
第三篇：高一至高三英語(yǔ)課文經(jīng)典句子及重點(diǎn)
高一至高三英語(yǔ)課文經(jīng)典句子及重點(diǎn)詞組歸納
1—2(BII): 1.This is the first time that I have ever tasted this kind of food.(It is the first time that?)
2.Only in this way can you learn English well.(Only in this way can/will/?sb.do sth.倒裝)3.There is not much point in working on my PhD.(There is no point in doing?)4.In this book, Hawking explains both what it means to be a scientist and how science works.5.People who listen to Hawking’s lectures sometimes find it difficult to understand him.3—4(BII): 6.Reading is to the mind what food is to the body.(A is to B what C is to D)7.She thought I was talking about her daughter while I was talking about my daughter.(?while?)
8.These coins are of different sizes and shapes.(be of + n.)9.No matter how well translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.(No matter?)
10.When he woke up , he found himself lost in the forest.(find oneself?)
11.Seen from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel, and it looks just like a bird’s nest made of tree branches.12.The great moment for European literature to come to China is between 1910 and late 1930s when famous writers such as Lu Xun and Guo Moruo translated both poetry and novels into Chinese.5—6(BII): 13.It is only a matter of time before the police get/catch the thief.(It is a matter of ?)14.It was not until twelve o’clock that I went to bed last night.(It is not until ? that ?)
15.Can you tell me what your school is like?(What something is like ?)16.The news that our team has won the game is true.(同位語(yǔ)that-clause)17.I love singing, while my brother likes playing computer games.(?while?)18.Between Britain and Ireland, in the Irish Sea, lies the small Isle of Man.19.The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.(make/find/think/consider/feel it adj.for sb.to do sth.)
7—8(BII): 20.Should they have patience, they could do the work well.21.It’s high time that they got down to doing the homework.22.If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.(主從時(shí)間不一致)23.If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.24.A.She treats the boy as if he were her own son.B.He talks as if he had been to the moon.C.He talks as if he would go to the moon.9—10(BII): 25.She is content with what the representatives from the world summarized at the Earth Summit.(be content with)26.The United Nations held a meeting that society should be in harmony with nature.(in harmony with)27.Upon/On arrival, the specialist advised the AIDS patient to calm down.(upon/on n./doing sth.;advise sb.to do sth.)28.The specialist advised the AIDS patient to calm down immediately he arrived.(immediately/directly = as soon as 后接從句)29.Hardly/No sooner had the specialist arrived when/than he advised the AIDS patient to calm down.(Hardly/No sooner had sb.done sth.when/than sb.did sth.)30.Had I known that air conditioners cause so much pollution, I would never have bought one.31.And poverty is less of a problem and people are better educated, there is a good chance that we will see less violence and fewer wars.(There is a chance that?;Chances are that?)
11—12(BII): 32.Her brilliant parents have had a great effect on her, so she has made many breakthroughs in the field of science.33.It is believed that practice makes perfect.34.Not all people can aim their guns at the targets.= All people can not aim their guns at the targets.35.It is this fiction that reminds me of my childhood.36.Whatever(No matter how)happens, we must keep calm.37.In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out to be a submarine.38.One of the mottos for the park----“Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power”----makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future.13----14(BII): 39.Where was it that the road accident happened yesterday? 40.It will take a lot of courage to tell the truth.41.There was a time when this village used to be very quiet.42.Go and ask tom for whatever you need/want.43.Even though the pure water is what gives sea water its main properties, the salinity of sea affects both its weight and freezing point.44.What all these people have in common is that they ask to be treated with respect, share the right to work, good housing conditions and education, and be treated equally to other people, regardless of race, religion or sex.15----16(BII): 45.There is no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.46.Should it rain(Were it to rain)tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Great Wall.47.I don’t mind her making fun of me.48.While I don’t like biology, I find it interesting.49.Take this opportunity please, and I guarantee(that)you won’t regret it.50.I guarantee to pay off my debts/that I will pay off my debts.51.They guarantee this machine to work for four years.17—18(BII): 52.It takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.(=It takes somebody some time to do something.)53.Young people are often compared to the rising sun at 8 or 9 o’clock in the morning.54.The news of their secret wedding soon got around.= The news that they got married secretly soon got around.= The news soon got around that they got married secretly.55.Now that you like the car so much, why not drive it back? 56.People like Xiao Wen and many other disabled people in our country have taught us the importance of giving everybody a chance to receive education.57.We do cut and paste, but we don’t use scissors or glue.19—20(BII): 58.We may as well have a try and see if it can be done.59.In terms of money they are quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.60.We sometimes tend to think that the ocean bottom is made up of smooth plains.61.It’s useless/no use to pretend/pretending that you didn’t know the truth.62.It was four o’clock in the afternoon when he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan, where an official warmly received then.63.I’d like to know more about life as it was two hundred years ago.64.It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he may have had a hand in planning the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones.(might/could)
1—4(BIII): 65.The elephant is about 14 times the weight of an adult.(A is/was ? times the size/length/height/depth/width?of B)
66.What do you think has happened to him? 67.During holidays, some like staying at home while others like traveling.68.He made it a rule to get up at 6:30 every day.69.Only in this way can you solve the problem.Only then did I realize that I was wrong.70.Impressive as the record is, it fades away next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against diseases.71.They had no idea what they were up against.72.The X Games are like the Olympic Games for sports that are less familiar to us than sports like football and basketball.5—8(BIII): 73.He was more mad than excited.74.We did what/all we could to help her.75.The reason why we were late was that our car didn’t come.76.Every/Each time I came to the city I always called on Mr.Smith.77.The more I get to know him, the better I like him.78.What kind of words do you think you would need to talk about advertising advertisements? 79.Lying around them were chains, guns, tools, bedding, clothing and many other articles.9—12(BIII): 80.Not only do they speak the same language(but)they also share a number of social customs.81.I knew the news long before you told me.82.Those who are diagnosed with lung cancer, as is the case with Wang Mingxiang, need operating on immediately.83.He sat there as if he were reading a novel.84.It wasn’t until he came here that I knew the truth.85.To make matters/things worse, Wang also had a son in college who had taken a bank loan to pay for his studies.(even worse, worse still)86.They can’t afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they got sick, nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.13—16(BIII): 87.We have no choice but to wait here.88.The further we walked into the forest, the more excited we became.89.We went without breakfast.90.It will be long before your father comes back from the USA.91.The instant/moment I did it I knew I had made a mistake.(minute, second)92.After designing more experiments, they were able to clarify the procedure by which bees communicate information that they use to find and fetch food.93.They use the same senses as we do and their feet and hands are similar to ours, except that Chimpanzees still have opposable toes and grasp things with their feet.高一英語(yǔ)課文必背經(jīng)典句子200句
1.I hate hiking and I'm not into classical music.2.I surf the Internet all the time and I like playing computer games.3.Rock music is OK, and so is skiing.4.Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.5.One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.6.He realizes that he hasn’t been a very good friend because he has always been thinking about himself.7.Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow, and that it is important to have someone to care about.8.When he makes friends with Wilson, he understand that friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.9.The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers.10.I found the bathroom, but I didn’t find what I was looking for.11.Don’t forget to buy me some ketchup on your way back.12.There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.13.In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue.14.In China students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hong Kong, where many people speak English as a first or a second language.15.In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.16.With so many people communicating in English every day ,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.17.For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.18.In the same way Americans still use the expression “I guess “(meaning “I
think”),just as the British did 300 years ago.19.At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages ,ending up with different words.20.Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or less the same in both British and American English.21.However,most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.22.Many people travel because they want to see other countries and visit places that are famous, interesting or beautiful.23.Many of today’s travelers are looking for an unusual experience and adventure travel is becoming more and more popular.24.Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking.25.Hiking is fun and exciting, but you shouldn’t forget safety.26.A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams.27.If you want a normal rafting trip, choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few fallen trees or rocks.28.The name “whitewater “comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.29.As with hiking ,you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes.30.Jane and Betty are going on separate holidays in a few days’ time.31.When are you off to Guangzhou? 32.My plane leaves at seven, so I think we’ll take a taxi.33.See you when I get back.34.The next moment the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden.35.Now ,the water, which was cold as ice and flowed faster than a river, was above her knees.36.Jeff and Flora looked into each other’s face with a look of fright.37.Flora,whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.38.Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.39.The garden that was once so beautiful was completely destroyed, swept away by the wild water.40.I found some photos of interesting places which were not too far away from Chengdu.6
41.He told me that I could go on a two-day trip to Leshan and Emei, which wasn’t too expensive.42.First,we went to Leshan, where we climbed all the way up the mountain to see the Buddha.43.Looking up at the large head and down at the large feet makes you feel so small.44.Wei Bin took photos of us standing in front of the Buddha.45.Steven Spielberg, whose mother was a music teacher, was born in 1946 in a small town in America.46.In 1959 Spielberg won a prize for a film which he made when he was thirteen years old.47.The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low.48.Here he worked on a short film, which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world.49.This was the moment when Spieberg’s career really took off.50.It is about a big white shark that attacks swimmers who are spending their holidays in a small village by the sea.51.Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.52.Spielberg has made two films about creatures that come to the earth from outer space.53.For example , ET(1982)is about a young boy called Elliott who makes friends with a small creature from outer space and helps him to find a way to go home.54.Jurassic Park, which Spielberg made in 1993,is about a park where a very rich man keeps different kinds of dinosaurs.55.In his war films, he has shown that love and peace will win over war in the end.56.Steven Spielberg is one of the top directors in the film industry and also has many fans in China.57.When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success and happiness to his wife and children.58.He met Cate Capshaw, who is an actress, when he was working on one of his films.59.After that it still took seven years before they finally got married.60.Mr Gao, the only teacher of the Shuiquan Primary School, has to stay away for a month to take care of his sick mother.61.The most important thing for young Minzhi is not to lose any more pupils from 7
the school---NOT ONE LESS—before Mr.Gao returns!62.She tries to keep the students in the classroom by locking them up in the classroom and running after those who escape.63.Minzhi wants to go to town, but she can’t afford to buy a bus ticket.64.She wants them to let her appear live on the air, hoping that Huike will see her.65.Many people like this not just because the story itself is moving, but also because most of the people in the film use their real names and play themselves.66.I guess it wasn’t really your fault, was it?
67.People who go to a formal Western dinner party for the first time may be surprised by table manners in Western culture.68.Having good table manners means knowing ,for example, how to use knives and forks, when to drink a toast and how to behave at the table.69.The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bit bigger than the ones beside them.70.In China, you sometimes get a hot, damp cloth to clean your face and hands, which ,however, is not the custom in Western countries.71.When drinking to someone’s health, you raise your glasses, but the glasses should not touch.72.Although good manners always make you look good, you do not need to worry about all these rules while having dinner with your friends or family.73.It is true that many of the world’s greatest cities have been built on the banks of a river.74.We will do everything we can to save our city.75.Pieces of the palaces that had been hidden before the Nazis came could be used to build the city and its culture.76.With the help of old paintings and photographs, the people of St Petersburg were able to bring back the beauty of their culture and history.77.Old paintings, including a portrait of Peter the Great which was found in the snow outside St Petersburg, have been carefully recreated, and the old palaces have been made as wonderful as in the past.78.Today Peter the Great on his bronze horse can once again look out over the city he built.79.Strong, proud and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.8
80.Some of the games in which the young men completed were: running, jumping and wrestling.81.In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals, ranking third of the competing countries.82.Many of the Chinese medals were won in diving and gymnastics and also in events such as weightlifting and shooting.83.Following the history-making success in the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, China won another great competition in 2001 which was not for a medal.84.The people of Beijing.and of the whole country, will be preparing to light the Olympic torch to welcome athletes and sports fans from all over the world.85.Wang Mei puts her hand into her pocket,takes out her red cellphone and presses the talk key.86.Cellphones, or mobile phones ,make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere.87.New functions are being added to the phones.88.The latest cellphones have features such as games ,music and an electronic calendar that will remind you about appointments and important dates.89.The students obey the rules and agree not to use their phones in the classroom.90.The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.91.Having a cellphone also makes us feel safer, since we can call for help in case of an emergency.92.She says that her cellphone helps her do whatever she wants to do and still stay in touch with her parents and friends.93.” I think it’s the most useful invention ever “Wang Mei says as she is dialling the number to Xiao Li again to ask her what she will be wearing to school tomorrow.94.Wang Mei calls her best friend Xiao Li at least once a day to see how she is doing and what is going on.95.Once,the earth was a beautiful blue planet where people lived happily among trees and animals.96.The human beings have been able to keep a small, secret school open since the machines took over.97.Now, the leader has asked a group of students to do what they can to save the earth.9
98.Instead, the students have decided to come up with a peaceful solution.99.Steve Jones is an environmental expert who tries to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.100.We often talk about how important it is to take care of ourselves and our planet, but we don’t always do as we say.101.Many of the earth’s plants and animals have already died out, and several other species are endangered.102.If we want to live a better life and have a bright future, we must learn to act in ways that do not harm other living things.103.If we know more about what causes endangerment ,we may be able to take measures before it is too late.104.A species can become endangered for different reasons.105.Animals and plants must have a habitat, or home, which is comfortable and clean, and where there is enough food and other resources.106.They are all used to their environment;that is ,they have learnt how to live successfully in their habitat.107.Experts tell us that we need to think about what we can do to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.108.Professor Stevenson explained to the students that the milu deer had been very common in China a long time ago, but it disappeared during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.109.What we hear on the radio or see on TV is only a small part of all the wonderful music that is waiting for us.110.People have been playing the blues for many years , but the music has kept many of its characteristics.111.Hip-top music often combines parts of other styles to create music that will help people hear new things in old music.112.Latin music –music that uses traditional styles from Latin America—has spread all over the world.113.The blues comes from African songs that people used to sing when they worked and during festivals.114.There is a wide variety of new music to be discovered in every corner of the world, so the next time you look for a tape or a CD, don’t just look for Chinese or American music—open your ears to the sounds of the world.10
115.They play music to satisfy their inner desire.116.They do not think how much money they can make from a song;instead, they sing for their emotions and live for music.117.The process of making rock music, however, is totally different.118.You must believe in what you do and who you want to succeed in the world –the magical world of Hogwarts and the real one.119.If only they could find a way to get to the room, or whatever it was, behind the wall.120.Our eating habits have changed, as has our way of life, and the fuel we need for our bodies is also different.121.If we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life, we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat.122.When we choose what to buy and eat, we had better think whether the food will give us the nutrients we need.123.Vitamins, which we can get from eating vegetables, fruit, fish and drinking milk, help our body fight disease.124.Many people today make choices about their eating habits based on what they believe.125.Organic vegetables are those that are grown without chemicals that can be harmful to human beings or the environment.126.Because we have so much to choose from, many companies and stores offer advice about what we should eat.127.The best way to make sure that we will feel and look fine is to develop healthy eating habits.128.Only in that way will we be ready fro the challenges and opportunities in life.129.I am a little nervous about, because I am not sure how I should behave at the dinner table.130.The week following Christmas Day, many African—American families get together to greet the new year and think about the past.131.Kwanzaa was born in 1966, when people created a new festival so that African Americans would be able to celebrate their history and culture.132.We must do as much as we can to make our community better and more beautiful.133.Since Kwanzaa is a time for learning as well as joy, people celebrate it by lighting a candle each day and discussing one of the seven principles of Kwanzaa.11
134.Each time we celebrate a festival it changes a little and in that way we keep our culture alive.135.Peter played a trick on Carol and she wouldn’t talk to him for two days.They made peace after Peter treated her to a nice lunch.136.It is a reminder that we need to care about the world we live in and that we should learn to respect life and nature.137.The best trick is one that makes everyone laugh, including the “fool”.138.Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a necklace of yours? 139.I can’t be the only woman who isn’t wearing jewellery.140.I saw a lovely diamond necklace with a big blue stone in the center.141.Pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball.But that was the last moment of happiness in our lives.142.On our way home that night I looked down and saw that the necklace was not around my neck any more.143.If we work together, we might come up with a very good story.144.The student is on her way to school and she meets a girl that looks exactly like her.145.IN the 18th century, Benjamin Franklin conducted a number experiments in which he showed what electricity is.146.Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.147.When the first thunderstorm came, I took my condenser to a shed in the fields where I could do my experiment.148.Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.149.This ribbon, which must not get wet, will protect you from the electricity.150.British law says that every new drug must be tested on at least two different kinks of animals, such as mice or dogs.151.Scientists say that if a medicine works with animals, there is a very high chance that it also works with people.152.There is no doubt that 100 years ago animal testing was cruel but today animals in experiments are very well taken care of.153.It has often been said that life is difficult as it is.For women it sometimes 12
twice as difficult.154.On the third day I was struggling through stormy weather and during the next week the wind grew stronger and I found myself spending a whole day in my tent.155.Changes were just around the corner.156.I had traveled only two hours one day when the winds increased so much that I had to put my tent up before the winds became too strong.157.I was thankful for all the training I had had.158.I was so optimistic that I decided that the next day, I would increase my workday to 12 hours.159.Lying on the ice, I would soon die.I struggled to my knees knowing that somehow I had to put my tent up for shelter.160.It is an experience I shall never forget and shall value for the rest of my life.161.In her television shows she makes it possible to talk about great moments and difficulties in people’s lives.She has helped thousands of men and women come to terms with things that bother them and that they could not talk about with others.162.She is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.163.It was a time in which many sad things happened to her.164.In 1984, she moved to Chicago, where she became the host of a talk show called “AM Chicago”.165.Her life shows us that hard work and discipline are the road to self—improvement, and success lies somewhere along the road.166.When I grow up I hope to be just as successful as you are.167.New Zealand is an island that lies off the eastern coast of Australia.It is make up of two large islands: North Island and South Island.168.The ocean and seas surrounding the islands are deep blue and many of New Zealand’s cities lie on a bay and have a natural deep harbor.169.The North Island is famous fro an area of hot springs, some of which throw hot water high into the air.170.There are many plants and animals that only live in New Zealand.171.More than 120 years later, Capital James Cook took possession of the islands in 1796 and from that time British people started to settle in New Zealand.172.It is a good thing that New Zealand helps the Maori to keep their own language and culture.173.New Zealand has a population of about 3.8 million people, of which about fourteen 13
percent are Maori.174.The majority of the people speak English.However, Maori, which the native language of the Maori people, is also an official language.175.Maori children are taught at an early age what to do when they come the marae.176.New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.Living in a country with plenty of space and a good climate, New Zealanders love all kinds of sport and outdoor activities.177.Farmers in China have long used techniques such as fertilization and irrigation to make their land produce more.178.To make as much use of the land as possible, two or more crops are planted each year where possible.179.It was from the early 1990s that scientists started to developed new techniques to increase agricultural production without harming the environment.180.Not only is food production important but also taking care of the environment.181.Using the latest technologies, Chinese scientists grow vegetables in greenhouse.182.Today many vegetables are not grown in gardens but in greenhouses where they are protected for the wind, rain and insects.The temperature is controlled with computers, no matter how the weather is outside.183.One of China’s early agricultural scientists was Jia sixie, who lived in the sixth century.184.If you go against nature and do things at the wrong time of year, you will have to do more work and the results will no be so good.185.When you plough the soil, plough deep the first and less deep the second time.186.The best harvest is reached when farmers changed the crops in their fields.187.He said that it is good to grow different plants next to each other in the same field.188.The wisdom of farmers about the weather and farming is collected in many popular proverbs and passed on from generation to generation.189.The actors make us laugh by making fun of somebody’s way of dressing or telling an amusing story.190.It is their clothes, make-up and the way they walk that make people laugh.191.What comedians have in common with the players in a comedy is their way of playing with words.192.Dating back to the Qin Dynasty, the traditional crosstalk show, or xiangsheng 14
shows, have made people all over China roar with laughter for centuries.193.The story of how I got my new job, and come to be on such good terms with my boss is funny one.194.I cycled as fast as I could and saw that the driver in the yellow car was waiting at the red light.195.I told him that he was a danger to other people on the road.196.Drive carefully so that everyone can enjoy a long life.197.There was a woman who was the boss of the office in which I wanted to work.198.I was pleased that the manager had decided to be angry with me for having been so rude.199.We can learn a lot about what a person is thinking by watching his or her body language.200.Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.201.While there are many different interpretation of our body language, some gestures seem to be universal.202.If we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.203.The father must have said something encouraging because the boy finally got up and made a good speech.204.Unlike traditional amusement parks, theme parks often want to teach visitors something.205.What they all have in common is that they combine fun with opportunity t learn something.206.Theme parks try to make sure that visitors leave knowing more about their theme.207.Having enjoyed the rides at the Headland, visitors can take the shuttle to the Lowland.208.Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.209.The parks are becoming more advanced and new technology allows us to experience almost anything without actually being in danger or risking injury.210.Having been told that her daughter got sick, she hurried to the school to take her home.高三英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)與句型匯編(1--8單元)Units 1－2 15
Ⅰ.重要短語(yǔ)
1.in the first place 首先；第一；原先 2.set down 記下；寫(xiě)下
3.burst into sth.突然而猛烈地發(fā)出或產(chǎn)生某事物 4.centre on/upon 將某人（某事物）當(dāng)作中心或重點(diǎn) 5.concentrate on 專心致志于 6.Tour de France 環(huán)法自行車(chē)賽
7.keep track of 追蹤；掌握??的線索；保持對(duì)??的聯(lián)系 8.stand out 突出；出色
9.be diagnosed with...被確診患有??（疾?。?0.in a row 連續(xù)地，一連串地
11.lead sb.in doing sth.致使某人做某事 12.apply for 提出申請(qǐng)（或要求等）
13.make for 走向；向??前進(jìn)；有利于，有助于；傾向于 14.get a better understanding of...更充分地理解?? 15.head down to...向??進(jìn)發(fā)，動(dòng)身 16.hang ten（沖浪運(yùn)動(dòng)中）作十趾吊 17.in the name of 以??的名義；代表 18.push on（with sth.）毅然繼續(xù)（做某事）19.run out of 耗盡；用光
20.apart from...除??外（尚有）21.set sail（to/from/for...）起航 22.compete for 為??而競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 23.in search of 尋找 24.give birth to 生；產(chǎn)生
25.as long as（表示條件）只要??
26.at the height of 在??頂點(diǎn)；在（事業(yè)等）的高峰 27.for once and always 一勞永逸地 28.be made up of 由??構(gòu)成；組成 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Tian’anmen Square is the largest square in the world with an area of about 40 hectares.（with引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)）
2.Impressive as the record is，it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease.（as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要倒裝）
3.July 13，2001 saw a very bright night in Beijing that will never fade in history.（see在該句中的意思是“目睹；經(jīng)歷”）
4.A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.（一鳥(niǎo)在手勝過(guò)雙鳥(niǎo)在林。）5.It was not until 1874，when a young American explorer followed the Nile from Lake Victoria through to Lake Albert，that this part of the river’s course was finally explored.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句型）
6.It was believed that the northern coast of this continent lay somewhere in the Pacific Ocean.（It is/was believed that...人們相信??）Units 3－4 Ⅰ.重要短語(yǔ)
1.as a consequence（of）作為（??的）結(jié)果 2.the Commonwealth of Australia 澳大利亞聯(lián)邦 3.go walkabout到灌木叢中閑逛 4.break out（指激烈事件）突然發(fā)生
5.feed...on給（人或動(dòng)物）食物；喂養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng) 6.round up使集合在一起
7.stand for代表，代替；象征，意味著
8.have a strong/great influence on...對(duì)??有重大影響 9.benefit from...從??受益 10.differ from...和??不同 11.be fond of喜歡 12.have fun with開(kāi)玩笑 13.set foot on踏上 14.give birth to生；產(chǎn)生 15.in area在面積上 16.keep out（使）在外 17.all the year round終年
18.have access to接近（或進(jìn)入）的方法（或權(quán)利、機(jī)會(huì)等）19.on a large scale大規(guī)模地；大范圍地 20.pass away去世；逝世 21.belong to屬于
22.base...on...把??基于?? 23.at first sight 乍一看（之下）
24.be born into 出身于
25.have an appetite for 愛(ài)好?? 26.look out for 照料，照看??
27.put together 把??放在一起；把??加在一起 28.work out 做出；設(shè)計(jì)出；制訂出；算出 29.make contributions to 對(duì)??作出貢獻(xiàn) 30.adapt to 適應(yīng) Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Many Aborigines and islanders were moved and had their land taken away from them.（have sth.done 結(jié)構(gòu)）
2.Only in this way could the people in Australia build a society of diverse cultures.（倒裝句）
3.Some books are to be tasted；others swallowed；and some to be chewed and digested.4.Shanghai is not longer what it used to be.5.It was Joseph Banks who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic research.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的 主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)為表示人的名詞）Units 5-6 Ⅰ.重要短語(yǔ)
1.take into consideration 考慮到，顧及 2.in charge（of）處于控制或支配地位；負(fù)責(zé) 3.hand in hand 手拉手；密切關(guān)聯(lián)的 4.get across 傳播；為人理解 5.appeal to 有吸引力；呼吁；上訴
6.keep an eye out for sb./sth.留心或注意某人或某物 7.make sense 有意義；有道理；講得通 8.apply...to...運(yùn)用；應(yīng)用 9.lose heart 泄氣；灰心 10.take it easy 別緊張；放松點(diǎn)
11.keep up 維持；保持；使某事物處于高水平12.common sense 常識(shí)；情理 13.leave behind 忘帶；留下 14.lose one’s way 迷路 15.come to an end 結(jié)束；中止
16.live through sth.經(jīng)歷某事物而幸存 17.tie up 系；拴；捆 18.at stake 在危險(xiǎn)中 19.go for 為??去努力獲取 20.lose weight 減肥
21.be to blame 該受責(zé)備；應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)
22.be upset about...（對(duì)??感到）不安的；不快的；心煩意亂的 23.associate...with...使發(fā)生聯(lián)系；使聯(lián)合 24.protect...from...保護(hù)??免于?? 25.be promoted with（用??手段來(lái)）宣傳，推銷(xiāo)
26.create/form a positive image of 塑造/形成一個(gè)正面的形象 27.point out 指出 28.think twice 重新考慮 29.believe in 相信；信仰
30.set off for...出發(fā)，動(dòng)身到?? 31.be accustomed to習(xí)慣于?? 32.on all fours 匍匐，趴著 33.come to a decision 決定下來(lái)
34.come to an agreement 達(dá)成一致；達(dá)成協(xié)議 35.come to a conclusion 告終；下結(jié)論 36.take up 拿起；著手處理；開(kāi)始（從事于）Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits.（部分否定）
2.Good advertisements make it possible for companies to introduce new products and increase sales.（make 后接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)）
3.Some companies prefer a well-known word，while others choose names from old stories or legends.（注意該并列連詞的詞義及用法）
4.It is possible that the reader or viewer will remember the advertisement but not the name of the product.5.In the 1960s，a British car company which made very expensive cars was about to sell its latest car in Germany.6.A young man in our group suggested that I stay behind with the children，and wait for help.（suggest后接賓語(yǔ)從句，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“（should）+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)）
7.No pains，no gains！不勞則無(wú)獲！Units 7-8 Ⅰ.重要短語(yǔ)
1.care for 喜愛(ài)；照顧 2.leave alone 不管；隨??去 3.in want of 需要
4.close up（尤指暫時(shí)）關(guān)閉；使*近5.care about 介意??，在乎，關(guān)心 6.safety standards 安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 7.working conditions 工作條件 8.social conscience 社會(huì)道德 9.a poor excuse 一個(gè)差勁的借口 10.bring in 賺入??；獲利
11.be badly-off 生活窮困 12.fall asleep 入睡
13.have no eye for 不關(guān)心；不在意 14.far from 遠(yuǎn)離；一點(diǎn)也不 15.comment on 評(píng)論，批評(píng)，解釋
16.in face of 面對(duì)??，在??面前，不顧?? 17.in favor of 支持??，贊同??；為有利于?? 18.in praise of 稱贊?? 19.in hope of 抱著??的希望 20.in charge of 掌管，負(fù)責(zé)
21.in memory of 為了紀(jì)念；為追悼?? 22.in honor of 為了紀(jì)念 23.in search of 搜尋 24.in need of 需要 25.turn down 拒絕 26.as follows 如下
27.end up in 以??告終，以??為結(jié)局 28.one by one 一個(gè)接一個(gè)地；逐個(gè)地 29.date back to（時(shí)間）追溯到 30.get it wrong 誤解
31.on the contrary 相反的是；反而 32.toast to 干杯；祝酒
33.make sense of 弄懂??的意思 34.in other words 換句話說(shuō)；換言之 35.take risks 冒險(xiǎn)
36.experiment with 進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)；進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn) 37.piles of 一大堆；一大批；一大團(tuán) 38.fall behind 落后于 39.come across（偶然）遇見(jiàn) 40.make progress 取得進(jìn)步
41.adjust...to...調(diào)整??；調(diào)解?? 42.as a consequence 因此
43.regardless of 不顧，不管，不拘 44.take place 發(fā)生 45.thanks to 多虧了，由于 46.wake up 醒來(lái)；叫醒 47.stay up 挺??；堅(jiān)持不睡覺(jué) 48.broaden one’s horizons 開(kāi)闊眼界 49.in the beginning 開(kāi)始；起初 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.But make sure to be early in the office the day after！（make sure 后常接從句或of doing sth.）
2.Much good may it do you！
3.If they would rather die，they had better do it.4.It’s not my business.5.My hands are too cold to write.6.Let’s observe another little scene，as you might have in your life to come.（as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ) 從句）
7.I beg your pardon a thousand times.8.Learning a language is obviously more than memorizing words，phrases and structures.（more than 不僅僅）
9.If you were to spend as many hours studying English，you would make great progress.（虛擬條件句）
10.The less anxious and more relaxed the learner，the better the language acquisition 21
proceeds.（the more...，the more...越??，越??）
11.Not all of us want to be translators or interpreters.（部分否定）
12.It is time（that）the bus arrived here to pick up all the passengers.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用）
13.It is high time for us to put an end to this silly argument.高三英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)與句型匯編(9-16單元)Units 9-10 Ⅰ.重要詞匯及短語(yǔ)
1.lay off 解雇；不理會(huì)；使下崗
2.make matters worse 使情況更困難或更危險(xiǎn) 3.get rid of 擺脫
4.make ends meet 使收支相抵；量入為出 5.be devoted to 獻(xiàn)身??的；專心于??的 6.play a role in 在??中起作用 7.medical treatment 醫(yī)療
8.reach a decision 決定下來(lái)；下結(jié)論 9.aim at 瞄準(zhǔn)；針對(duì)；目的在于
10.take measures to...采取措施來(lái)（做）?? 11.make a living 謀生 12.depend on 依靠；取決于
13.live on 以??為主食；靠??生活
14.prevent...from...阻止，阻擋；制止；妨礙 15.provide...for...為??提供?? 16.meet the needs of 滿足??的需要 17.be burdened with...使負(fù)重?fù)?dān)
18.put pressure on...給??施壓，增添壓力 19.state-owned companies 國(guó)有企業(yè) 20.lose weight 減肥 21.ready-made clothes 成衣 22.make fun of 取笑某人 23.attend to 處理；照顧；關(guān)照 24.take pride in 對(duì)??感到自豪 25.do up 打扮；梳妝
26.let down 不支持；使失望 27.at length 最后；終于；詳細(xì)地 28.at a time 一次
29.go far（人）大有前途；成功 30.come into being 形成 31.as to 關(guān)于
32.be accused of 被控訴，控告；被指責(zé)，譴責(zé) 33.set free 使獲得自由；釋放 34.refer to 參考；涉及；談到；指的是 35.turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向，變成；求助于 36.adapt to 使適應(yīng)，使適和 37.get accustomed to 變得習(xí)慣于 38.for a moment 片刻；暫時(shí) 39.live through 度過(guò)；經(jīng)受住 40.break out in tears 突然大哭起來(lái) 41.cut off 切掉；割掉；剪下；切斷；隔絕 42.tear at 撕，扯?? Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.What kind of programmes does the WHO run？
2.If I had had insurance，the sickness wouldn’t have caused such a big problem.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）
3.This allowance，however，is only enough to cover the most fundamental needs such as food and clothing.4.They cannot afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they get sick，nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.（部分倒裝）
5.It is sometimes said that a society can be judged by the way it cares for its weakest members.（據(jù)說(shuō)）
6.It was not until World War Ⅱ that the importance of Fleming’s discovery was fully recognized.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）
7.She stood by the window and looked out at a grey cat walking along a grey fence in a grey backyard.（表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞后接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的情況）
8....and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present.（相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句的不定式 結(jié)構(gòu)）
9.I had my hair cut off and sold it...（have作使役動(dòng)詞的用法）Units 11－12 Ⅰ.重要詞匯及短語(yǔ)
1.stick with繼續(xù)支持；保持聯(lián)系 2.through thick and thin 不顧艱難 3.pull out of從??中退出 4.cater to滿足某種需要或要求
5.for the sake of由于；為了??的利益 6.in reality事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上 7.keep an eye on 照料；照管 8.take sth.into account考慮；體諒 9.as a whole 總的說(shuō)來(lái)；作為整體 10.once again再一次
11.live up to依照??行事；做到；不辜負(fù)（期望）12.accept...as...認(rèn)為??
13.on one’s own獨(dú)自，靠自己，獨(dú)立 14.the majority of大多數(shù)；大部分 15.a pie chart餅狀圖 16.a bar chart柱狀圖
17.match...to...使??（和??）調(diào)和，相配 18.be suspected of 被猜疑，被懷疑 19.take measures to...采取措施（做??）20.be familiar with 對(duì)??熟悉 21.be made up of構(gòu)成；組成 22.count...as...把??認(rèn)為?? 23.on the other hand 另一方面 24.attach to 伴隨??
25.be aware of 察覺(jué)到，感覺(jué)到，獲悉 26.be suitable for適合做??
27.guard...against...守護(hù)??（免于??），保護(hù) 28.make the best use of充分利用 29.on the surface 表面上的，外表上 30.as a matter of fact 實(shí)際上 31.be satisfied with 對(duì)??滿意
32.lose face 失面子
33.by means of以??，借著?? 34.put...to use使用，用，利用 35.in demand有需要的；吃香的 36.so as to為了，目的是 37.sit for參加（考試）
38.concentrate on 集中；專心；專注 39.to begin with首先；第一；起初
40.drop out（of）（從活動(dòng)、競(jìng)賽等中）退出；輟學(xué) 41.result in產(chǎn)生某種作用或結(jié)果 42.be skeptical of懷疑 43.take in把（某人）帶進(jìn)；領(lǐng)入 44.rely on依賴；依靠
45.as far as（遠(yuǎn)）至（某處）；到??程度 46.lifelong learning 終身學(xué)習(xí)47.work out解決；計(jì)算出；詳細(xì)擬訂 48.have a lot in common有很多共同之處 49.be suited for適合做??，對(duì)??適宜 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Not only will these qualities make you rise in the eyes of others,you will also feel better about yourself.（部分倒裝）
2.While working there you discover that the management does not take proper measures to ensure hygiene and safety of the food products....（狀語(yǔ)從句的省略）
3.What if you feel comfortable about doing a task by yourself？（如果??怎么樣）4.In sports teams each player has a clear role,and there are few occasions when members are confused or uncertain of their roles.（定語(yǔ)從句）
5.It is of great importance for the team and its coach to strike the right balance.（of+抽象名詞）
6.As years went by,she worked in many places.（as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句）
7.It is well-known that at the age of 17 to 18,many young people dream of going to university....（眾所周知）
8.No matter how hard you try,working towards a career for which you are not suitable is not going to get you there.（讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）
9.It is no use for everybody to try to pursue the same career.（亦可用It is no use 25
doing sth.）
10.In China,as in other countries,the government realizes that the future welfare of their citizens is closely linked to education.（as表示“像”）
11....the number of students in some schools is so low that students of several different grades are taught in the same classroom.（主謂一致）
12.Look at the shape of the graph or chart,rather than the details,to spot this.（表示“不顧，而不是”）Units 13－14 Ⅰ.重要詞匯及短語(yǔ)
1.take place發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生；進(jìn)行，舉行 2.turn down拒絕，不接受 3.be set in以??為背景 4.pass on傳遞
5.go wrong不對(duì)頭，出毛病；失敗 6.except for除??之外；若無(wú) 7.be in love with愛(ài)上某人 8.learn about聽(tīng)到，獲悉
9.take one’s revenge on sb.for sth.因某事向某人報(bào)仇 10.break into pieces（使）成為碎片 11.keep...out of使??置身于外 12.at the time of在??的時(shí)候
13.turn out 結(jié)果（是），證明（是），原來(lái)（是）14.as for關(guān)于，至于 15.at times有時(shí)，不時(shí)
16.get straight to the point直奔主題 17.varieties of各種各樣的
18.to one’s surprise讓某人吃驚的是 19.as soon as一??就??
20.one after another一個(gè)接一個(gè)地，連續(xù)不斷地 21.come to light顯露出來(lái)，暴露 22.over and over again 23.tell...apart一再；多次；反復(fù) 24.get hold of抓??；拿?。晃兆?25.make a beeline for徑直朝??走去
26.as a matter of fact事實(shí)上；說(shuō)真的；實(shí)際上 27.keep in touch保持聯(lián)系 28.feast on大吃大喝；享受美食
29.make a distinction between...and...區(qū)分；區(qū)別 30.make sense有意義；有道理；講得通 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Finally,some Indians in unusual foreign clothes come to the house offering to entertain the guests,....（in表示“穿著，戴著”，后面可以接表示衣物或顏色的名詞）
2.Troubled by the loss of such a valuable jewel, Rachel’s mother hires the famous detective to investigate the theft.（過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)）
3.As the story develops we discover some secrets about the people at the house that night,and the reasons why they might have stolen the diamond.（as引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，表示時(shí)間，意思是“當(dāng)??時(shí)候”；why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞reason；might have +過(guò)去分詞，表示對(duì)過(guò)去的可能性的推測(cè)）
4.He goes on asking questions about the party and learns about Franklin’s quarrel with Dr.Candy.（go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做（同一件事情）
5.Rachel is stubborn in resisting his enquiries about the Moonstone to the degree that she makes it seem as if she does not want the mystery to be solved.6.One mistake could have resulted in a huge loss.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）
7.Fortunately he was successful in diving the diamond into nine large jewels.8.It turned out that Godfrey had also seen Franklin move the diamond that night....9....but when she changed her mind he had no choice but to go abroad to sell the diamond.（注意but的用法）
10.You should avoid being too straightforward.（avoid doing sth.）Units 15－16 Ⅰ.重要詞匯及短語(yǔ) 1.apply for申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求
2.straight away立刻地；毫不猶豫地
3.fit in（with）與??相適應(yīng)；與??相協(xié)調(diào) 4.hold back退縮；躊躇
5.take a while用一些（一段）時(shí)間 6.approve of贊同；贊許
7.have sth.in common with sb.和某人有共同之處
8.take part in參與；參加
9.make contributions to為??作出貢獻(xiàn)
10.Secretary General of the United Nations聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng) 11.make a difference有關(guān)系；有影響；有意義 12.be eager to do sth.渴望做??
13.open up打開(kāi)，張開(kāi)；開(kāi)發(fā)；開(kāi)辟；揭露；展現(xiàn) 14.at times有時(shí)，不時(shí) 15.as a consequence結(jié)果；后果 16.be due to 應(yīng)歸于
17.become involved in使卷入，使陷入；拖累 18.make the adjustment to適應(yīng)于 19.take off脫下；（飛機(jī)）起飛 20.put on穿上，戴上
21.be popular with受（某人）歡迎 22.get in touch with和??取得聯(lián)系 23.dream of夢(mèng)想；向往 24.make use of利用
25.set up樹(shù)立；開(kāi)辦；設(shè)立；創(chuàng)立；建立 26.as well as也，又 27.come true實(shí)現(xiàn)，達(dá)到 28.be up to勝任，適于 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Mr Zhao is weak and cannot do much for himself without getting breathless and dizzy.（雙重否定）
2.I am having a great time doing it.3.Time to have fun and relax,and time for young people to take off their school uniform and put on their favorite casual clothes.（省略。It is time to have fun and relax.）
4.In the UK for example,a recent survey found that 6 out of 10 men and 46% of women regularly wear jeans....（分?jǐn)?shù)表示法）
5.Every time he plays football he is watched by thousands of adoring Becks fans all over the world.（連詞，意思是“每次”）
6.Now he is famous for his haircuts and lifestyle as well as for scoring goals.28
第四篇：高一至高三英語(yǔ)課文經(jīng)典句子及重
高一至高三英語(yǔ)課文經(jīng)典句子及重點(diǎn)詞組歸納
唯美英語(yǔ)高一至高三英語(yǔ)課文經(jīng)典句子及重點(diǎn)詞組歸納
1—2(BII): 1.This is the first time that I have ever tasted this kind of food.(It is the first time that…)2.Only in this way can you learn English well.(Only in this way can/will/…sb.do sth.倒裝)3.There is not much point in working on my PhD.(There is no point in doing…)4.In this book, Hawking explains both what it means to be a scientist and how science works.5.People who listen to Hawking’s lectures sometimes find it difficult to understand him.3—4(BII):6.Reading is to the mind what food is to the body.(A is to B what C is to D)7.She thought I was talking about her daughter while I was talking about my daughter.(…while…)8.These coins are of different sizes and shapes.(be of + n.)9.No matter how well translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.(No matter…)10.When he woke up , he found himself lost in the forest.(find oneself…)11.Seen from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel, and it looks just like a bird’s nest made of tree branches.12.The great moment for European literature to come to China is between 1910 and late 1930s when famous writers such as Lu Xun and Guo Moruo translated both poetry and novels into Chinese.5—6(BII):13.It is only a matter of time before the police get/catch the thief.(It is a matter of …)14.It was not until twelve o’clock that I went to bed last night.(It is not until … that …)15.Can you tell me what your school is like?(What something is like …)16.The news that our team has won the game is true.(同位語(yǔ)that-clause)17.I love singing, while my brother likes playing computer games.(…while…)18.Between Britain and Ireland, in the Irish Sea, lies the small Isle of Man.19.The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.(make/find/think/consider/feel it adj.for sb.to do sth.)7—8(BII):20.Should they have patience, they could do the work well.21.It’s high time that they got down to doing the homework.22.If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.(主從時(shí)間不一致)23.If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.24.A.She treats the boy as if he were her own son.B.He talks as if he had been to the moon.C.He talks as if he would go to the moon.9—10(BII):25.She is content with what the representatives from the world summarized at the Earth Summit.(be content with)26.The United Nations held a meeting that society should be in harmony with nature.(in harmony with)27.Upon/On arrival, the specialist advised the AIDS patient to calm down.(upon/on n./doing sth.;advise sb.to do sth.)28.The specialist advised the AIDS patient to calm down immediately he arrived.(immediately/directly = as soon as 后接從句)29.Hardly/No sooner had the specialist arrived when/than he advised the AIDS patient to calm down.(Hardly/No sooner had sb.done sth.when/than sb.did sth.)30.Had I known that air conditioners cause so much pollution, I would never have bought one.31.And poverty is less of a problem and people are better educated, there is a good chance that we will see less violence and fewer wars.(There is a chance that…;Chances are that…)11—12(BII):32.Her brilliant parents have had a great effect on her, so she has made many breakthroughs in the field of science.33.It is believed that practice makes perfect.34.Not all people can aim their guns at the targets.= All people can not aim their guns at the targets.35.It is this fiction that reminds me of my childhood.36.Whatever(No matter how)happens, we must keep calm.37.In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out to be a submarine.38.One of the mottos for the park----“Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power”----makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future.13----14(BII):39.Where was it that the road accident happened yesterday?40.It will take a lot of courage to tell the truth.41.There was a time when this village used to be very quiet.42.Go and ask tom for whatever you need/want.43.Even though the pure water is what gives sea water its main properties, the salinity of sea affects both its weight and freezing point.44.What all these people have in common is that they ask to be treated with respect, share the right to work, good housing conditions and education, and be treated equally to other people, regardless of race, religion or sex.15----16(BII):45.There is no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.46.Should it rain(Were it to rain)tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Great Wall.47.I don’t mind her making fun of me.48.While I don’t like biology, I find it interesting.49.Take this opportunity please, and I guarantee(that)you won’t regret it.50.I guarantee to pay off my debts/that I will pay off my debts.51.They guarantee this machine to work for four years.17—18(BII):52.It takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.(=It takes somebody some time to do something.)53.Young people are often compared to the rising sun at 8 or 9 o’clock in the morning.54.The news of their secret wedding soon got around.= The news that they got married secretly soon got around.= The news soon got around that they got married secretly.55.Now that you like the car so much, why not drive it back?56.People like Xiao Wen and many other disabled people in our country have taught us the importance of giving everybody a chance to receive education.57.We do cut and paste, but we don’t use scissors or glue.19—20(BII):58.We may as well have a try and see if it can be done.59.In terms of money they are quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.60.We sometimes tend to think that the ocean bottom is made up of smooth plains.61.It’s useless/no use to pretend/pretending that you didn’t know the truth.62.It was four o’clock in the afternoon when he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan, where an official warmly received then.63.I’d like to know more about life as it was two hundred years ago.64.It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he may have had a hand in planning the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones.(might/could)1—4(BIII):65.The elephant is about 14 times the weight of an adult.(A is/was … times the size/length/height/depth/width…of B)66.What do you think has happened to him?67.During holidays, some like staying at home while others like traveling.68.He made it a rule to get up at 6:30 every day.69.Only in this way can you solve the problem.Only then did I realize that I was wrong.70.Impressive as the record is, it fades away next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against diseases.71.They had no idea what they were up against.72.The X Games are like the Olympic Games for sports that are less familiar to us than sports like football and basketball.5—8(BIII):73.He was more mad than excited.74.We did what/all we could to help her.75.The reason why we were late was that our car didn’t come.76.Every/Each time I came to the city I always called on Mr.Smith.77.The more I get to know him, the better I like him.78.What kind of words do you think you would need to talk about advertising advertisements?79.Lying around them were chains, guns, tools, bedding, clothing and many other articles.9—12(BIII):80.Not only do they speak the same language(but)they also share a number of social customs.81.I knew the news long before you told me.82.Those who are diagnosed with lung cancer, as is the case with Wang Mingxiang, need operating on immediately.83.He sat there as if he were reading a novel.84.It wasn’t until he came here that I knew the truth.85.To make matters/things worse, Wang also had a son in college who had taken a bank loan to pay for his studies.(even worse, worse still)86.They can’t afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they got sick, nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.13—16(BIII):87.We have no choice but to wait here.88.The further we walked into the forest, the more excited we became.89.We went without breakfast.90.It will be long before your father comes back from the USA.91.The instant/moment I did it I knew I had made a mistake.(minute, second)92.After designing more experiments, they were able to clarify the procedure by which bees communicate information that they use to find and fetch food.93.They use the same senses as we do and their feet and hands are similar to ours, except that Chimpanzees still have opposable toes and grasp things with their feet.高一英語(yǔ)課文必背經(jīng)典句子100句1.I hate hiking and I'm not into classical music.2.I surf the Internet all the time and I like playing computer games.3.Rock music is OK, and so is skiing.4.Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.5.One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.6.He realizes that he hasn’t been a very good friend because he has always been thinking about himself.7.Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow, and that it is important to have someone to care about.8.When he makes friends with Wilson, he understand that friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.9.The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers.10.I found the bathroom, but I didn’t find what I was looking for.11.Don’t forget to buy me some ketchup on your way back.12.There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.13.In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue.14.In China students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hong Kong, where many people speak English as a first or a second language.15.In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.16.With so many people communicating in English every day ,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.17.For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.18.In the same way Americans still use the expression “I guess “(meaning “I think”),just as the British did 300 years ago.19.At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages ,ending up with different words.20.Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or less the same in both British and American English.21.However,most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.22.Many people travel because they want to see other countries and visit places that are famous, interesting or beautiful.23.Many of today’s travelers are looking for an unusual experience and adventure travel is becoming more and more popular.24.Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking.25.Hiking is fun and exciting, but you shouldn’t forget safety.26.A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams.27.If you want a normal rafting trip, choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few fallen trees or rocks.28.The name “whitewater “comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.29.As with hiking ,you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes.30.Jane and Betty are going on separate holidays in a few days’ time.31.When are you off to Guangzhou?32.My plane leaves at seven, so I think we’ll take a taxi.33.See you when I get back.34.The next moment the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden.35.Now ,the water, which was cold as ice and flowed faster than a river, was above her knees.36.Jeff and Flora looked into each other’s face with a look of fright.37.Flora,whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.38.Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.39.The garden that was once so beautiful was completely destroyed, swept away by the wild water.40.I found some photos of interesting places which were not too far away from Chengdu.41.He told me that I could go on a two-day trip to Leshan and Emei, which wasn’t too expensive.42.First,we went to Leshan, where we climbed all the way up the mountain to see the Buddha.43.Looking up at the large head and down at the large feet makes you feel so small.44.Wei Bin took photos of us standing in front of the Buddha.45.Steven Spielberg, whose mother was a music teacher, was born in 1946 in a small town in America.46.In 1959 Spielberg won a prize for a film which he made when he was thirteen years old.47.The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low.48.Here he worked on a short film, which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world.49.This was the moment when Spieberg’s career really took off.50.It is about a big white shark that attacks swimmers who are spending their holidays in a small village by the sea.51.Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.52.Spielberg has made two films about creatures that come to the earth from outer space.53.For example , ET(1982)is about a young boy called Elliott who makes friends with a small creature from outer space and helps him to find a way to go home.54.Jurassic Park, which Spielberg made in 1993,is about a park where a very rich man keeps different kinds of dinosaurs.55.In his war films, he has shown that love and peace will win over war in the end.56.Steven Spielberg is one of the top directors in the film industry and also has many fans in China.57.When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success and happiness to his wife and children.58.He met Cate Capshaw, who is an actress, when he was working on one of his films.59.After that it still took seven years before they finally got married.60.Mr Gao, the only teacher of the Shuiquan Primary School, has to stay away for a month to take care of his sick mother.61.The most important thing for young Minzhi is not to lose any more pupils from the school---NOT ONE LESS—before Mr.Gao returns!62.She tries to keep the students in the classroom by locking them up in the classroom and running after those who escape.63.Minzhi wants to go to town, but she can’t afford to buy a bus ticket.64.She wants them to let her appear live on the air, hoping that Huike will see her.65.Many people like this not just because the story itself is moving, but also because most of the people in the film use their real names and play themselves.66.I guess it wasn’t really your fault, was it?67.People who go to a formal Western dinner party for the first time may be surprised by table manners in Western culture.68.Having good table manners means knowing ,for example, how to use knives and forks, when to drink a toast and how to behave at the table.69.The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bit bigger than the ones beside them.70.In China, you sometimes get a hot, damp cloth to clean your face and hands, which ,however, is not the custom in Western countries.71.When drinking to someone’s health, you raise your glasses, but the glasses should not touch.72.Although good manners always make you look good, you do not need to worry about all these rules while having dinner with your friends or family.73.It is true that many of the world’s greatest cities have been built on the banks of a river.74.We will do everything we can to save our city.75.Pieces of the palaces that had been hidden before the Nazis came could be used to build the city and its culture.76.With the help of old paintings and photographs, the people of St Petersburg were able to bring back the beauty of their culture and history.77.Old paintings, including a portrait of Peter the Great which was found in the snow outside St Petersburg, have been carefully recreated, and the old palaces have been made as wonderful as in the past.78.Today Peter the Great on his bronze horse can once again look out over the city he built.79.Strong, proud and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.80.Some of the games in which the young men completed were: running, jumping and wrestling.81.In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals, ranking third of the competing countries.82.Many of the Chinese medals were won in diving and gymnastics and also in events such as weightlifting and shooting.83.Following the history-making success in the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, China won another great competition in 2001 which was not for a medal.84.The people of Beijing.and of the whole country, will be preparing to light the Olympic torch to welcome athletes and sports fans from all over the world.85.Wang Mei puts her hand into her pocket,takes out her red cellphone and presses the talk key.86.Cellphones, or mobile phones ,make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere.87.New functions are being added to the phones.88.The latest cellphones have features such as games ,music and an electronic calendar that will remind you about appointments and important dates.89.The students obey the rules and agree not to use their phones in the classroom.90.The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.91.Having a cellphone also makes us feel safer, since we can call for help in case of an emergency.92.She says that her cellphone helps her do whatever she wants to do and still stay in touch with her parents and friends.93.I think it’s the most useful invention ever “Wang Mei says as she is dialling the number to Xiao Li again to ask her what she will be wearing to school tomorrow.94.Wang Mei calls her best friend Xiao Li at least once a day to see how she is doing and what is going on.95.Once,the earth was a beautiful blue planet where people lived happily among trees and animals.96.The human beings have been able to keep a small, secret school open since the machines took over.97.Now, the leader has asked a group of students to do what they can to save the earth.98.Instead, the students have decided to come up with a peaceful solution.99.Steve Jones is an environmental expert who tries to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.100.We often talk about how important it is to take care of ourselves and our planet, but we don’t always do as we say.
第五篇：高一至高三學(xué)生心理特點(diǎn)總結(jié)
高一至高三學(xué)生特點(diǎn)及家庭教育對(duì)策
高一年級(jí)學(xué)生的心理特點(diǎn)及其家庭教育指導(dǎo)
中學(xué)階段是學(xué)生逐步走向獨(dú)立人生道路的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，是一個(gè)由半幼稚，半成熟的時(shí)期逐步走向獨(dú)立性和自覺(jué)性的成人化的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，這期間極易產(chǎn)生多種心理問(wèn)題。尤其是對(duì)高一學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，由于環(huán)境的改變，學(xué)習(xí)要求的提高和青春期的發(fā)育，使許多學(xué)生感到不適應(yīng)，會(huì)出現(xiàn)許多心理特點(diǎn)和心理問(wèn)題。具體表現(xiàn)在：
一、環(huán)境的改變所引起的心理特點(diǎn)：
1、新環(huán)境、新集體引起的焦慮孤獨(dú)感。來(lái)到新的校園，看到的不再是自己熟悉的環(huán)境，人生地不熟。在感到新鮮好奇的同時(shí)會(huì)感到緊張不安。同時(shí)，由于缺乏與人交往的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，面對(duì)新老師，新同學(xué)時(shí)他們會(huì)感到：渴望與人交往的開(kāi)放性與自身內(nèi)心封閉性的矛盾。所以，他們會(huì)焦慮、不安，于是他們會(huì)懷念母校，思念親人，想念昔日的同學(xué)，更使他們的心情憂郁，精神不振。
2、角色的變化引起的失落和自卑感。不少學(xué)生在家里是父母的希望之所在，寵愛(ài)有加；在以前的學(xué)校是老師眼里的尖子，學(xué)生心目中的偶像。進(jìn)入高中，尤其是重點(diǎn)高中后，情況發(fā)生了變化，面臨的是如林“高手”的激勵(lì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，中心也發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)移，“尖子”可能不尖了，原來(lái)是班級(jí)或校級(jí)學(xué)生干部的，可能變成了“庶民”。面對(duì)角色的轉(zhuǎn)變，不同的學(xué)生有著不同的心態(tài)，素質(zhì)較好的學(xué)生會(huì)以自己不懈的努力來(lái)找到屬于自己的適當(dāng)位置，或許會(huì)從“庶民”再次成為“尖子”：但相當(dāng)一部分高一學(xué)生因失去自信而產(chǎn)生失落和自卑感，從此而一蹶不振。
3、新目標(biāo)，新要求與自身能力的差異，導(dǎo)致的心理問(wèn)題
高中課余生活豐富多彩，由團(tuán)委、學(xué)生會(huì)、班級(jí)自行組織的課內(nèi)外活動(dòng)及社區(qū)活動(dòng)，每個(gè)學(xué)生都有機(jī)會(huì)參加，以展示自己的風(fēng)采、鍛煉自己的能力、培養(yǎng)各方面的興趣。一些學(xué)生性格外向、好表現(xiàn)自我而勇于嘗試，并在不斷的實(shí)踐中，獨(dú)立性、主動(dòng)性和積極性得到進(jìn)一步的鍛煉和提高，變得更自信。另一些學(xué)生看到別人的出色表現(xiàn)而深感羨慕，并會(huì)意識(shí)到：真正有才華的人，不光要有出色的成績(jī)，更要去勇氣去挑戰(zhàn)自我，以提高各方面的能力。但也有學(xué)生，尤其是來(lái)自農(nóng)村的，只遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地在一這旁自嘆不如，而甘愿作忠實(shí)的觀眾，他們因缺乏自信和追求而失去了許多發(fā)展自我的機(jī)會(huì)。
二、學(xué)習(xí)要求的提高，學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容、形式、方法的改變所引起的心理變化
首先，與初中課程相比，高中課程以理性為主，相對(duì)初中課程以感性為主來(lái)說(shuō)難度加深。其次，學(xué)習(xí)的形式也由“扶式”變?yōu)椤盃恳健?，學(xué)生的角色由被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)主動(dòng)。更強(qiáng)調(diào)的是課前的預(yù)習(xí)，課內(nèi)的思考，課后的復(fù)習(xí)鞏固。而剛升入高中的新生沒(méi)有意思到這些變化。仍沿用初中的學(xué)習(xí)方法，因而學(xué)習(xí)上顯得被動(dòng)。出現(xiàn)很多科目上課聽(tīng)不懂的現(xiàn)象，于是就表現(xiàn)出擔(dān)憂、焦慮、甚至恐慌。
三、青春期引起的心理變化
首先，中學(xué)生正處在青春發(fā)育期，他們更加關(guān)注自己的外貌形象。由于對(duì)“自我形象”期望值過(guò)高。一些身體的外貌特征如個(gè)子的高矮，體態(tài)的胖瘦，生理的缺陷甚至是皮膚的黑白，臉上的“青春痘”等都會(huì)引起他們的煩惱，常會(huì)為自認(rèn)為的一些缺陷感到恐懼、羞怯、自卑。
其次，對(duì)處于青春期的中學(xué)生，渴望與異性交往，但男女間的相互吸引與好感多數(shù)還屬于異性間朦朧感情的自然表露，他們對(duì)于兩性關(guān)系仍處于一種似懂非懂的狀態(tài)，還分不清好感與初戀的區(qū)別，因此常造成情感上的因惑與苦惱。
再次，青春發(fā)育期的生理劇變，引起中學(xué)生情感上的激蕩。一個(gè)微笑可以使情緒飛揚(yáng)，徹夜興奮，然而他們內(nèi)心里激動(dòng)、高興或苦惱、消沉而表面上似乎很平靜；他們有話有秘密想與別人傾吐，可無(wú)論碰到父母或老師卻又緘默不言，這種情況得不到理解時(shí)，便會(huì)出現(xiàn)壓抑心理，出現(xiàn)焦慮與抑郁。
針對(duì)新生所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的以上各種心理特點(diǎn)，作為高一的班主任和各任科教師，應(yīng)有相應(yīng)的教育策略。
（一）環(huán)境的改變引起的心理問(wèn)題教育策略
1、盡快熟悉環(huán)境。新生入校后，應(yīng)及時(shí)組織新生們參觀校園、校舍，介紹校史，使他們對(duì)學(xué)校各方面的情況有更多的了解，增加感性認(rèn)識(shí)，消除陌生感。
2、盡快構(gòu)建新的群體。有計(jì)劃有目的的組織各種集體活動(dòng)，如開(kāi)展以迎新為主要內(nèi)容的主題班會(huì)、文藝晚會(huì)、各種球類比賽等，既創(chuàng)造親切熱烈的迎新氣氛，提供更多交往的機(jī)會(huì)，有利于新生間交流思想，溝通情感，使他們盡快的融入新的集體，依靠集體的力量，在集體中成長(zhǎng)，在團(tuán)結(jié)互助中提高。
3、加強(qiáng)生活指導(dǎo)。在生活方面，要考慮周到，悉心照顧，及時(shí)的解決他們生活中碰到的各種實(shí)際問(wèn)題。同時(shí)又要按照學(xué)校有關(guān)規(guī)定向他們提出要求，并進(jìn)行具體的指導(dǎo)，專門(mén)的訓(xùn)練，幫助其養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣，提高生活自理能力?，F(xiàn)在的軍訓(xùn)就是對(duì)學(xué)生各方面鍛煉的一種有效活動(dòng)。
4、加強(qiáng)對(duì)學(xué)生的觀察和了解。盡管以上這些特點(diǎn)是每個(gè)高一新生所表現(xiàn)出的共同特點(diǎn)，但是，由于學(xué)生的個(gè)性存在差異，總有一些同學(xué)表現(xiàn)的特別明顯。這就要求教師要細(xì)心觀察，及時(shí)了解情況，通過(guò)個(gè)別談話，結(jié)對(duì)子等形式，幫助這些同學(xué)盡快擺脫困擾，早日適應(yīng)，以便投入到正常的學(xué)生生活中去。
（二）學(xué)習(xí)方面的心理輔導(dǎo)及教學(xué)策略
1、教師在上新課前，應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)略介紹有關(guān)科目的結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，課時(shí)安排等情況，使其對(duì)該科目的特點(diǎn)、教學(xué)要求有一定的了解。讓學(xué)生真正意識(shí)到高中課程的要求與初中不同，學(xué)習(xí)的方法應(yīng)該進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)。
2、加強(qiáng)學(xué)法指導(dǎo)?！白钣袃r(jià)值的知識(shí)是關(guān)于方法的知識(shí)”，良好的方法是獲取知識(shí)的有效途徑和手段。通過(guò)教師的方法介紹，同學(xué)間的經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流，幫助其尋求切合自身實(shí)際的學(xué)習(xí)方法和途徑，提高自學(xué)能力，提高學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)效，養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，盡早完成角色的轉(zhuǎn)換。
3、改進(jìn)教法，提高教學(xué)水平。利用各種先進(jìn)的教學(xué)儀器設(shè)備，運(yùn)用各種教學(xué)方法手段，創(chuàng)設(shè)輕松愉快、形象逼真的教學(xué)情境，激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的興趣。同時(shí)建立良好的師生關(guān)系，加強(qiáng)師生間情感的交流，找到“教”與“學(xué)”的最佳結(jié)合點(diǎn)。
4、開(kāi)展各種形式的主題班會(huì)、討論會(huì)或進(jìn)行個(gè)別的交流談心，及時(shí)了解學(xué)生的思想動(dòng)態(tài)。幫助他們正視差距，找到原因，正確的認(rèn)識(shí)和評(píng)價(jià)自己，重新定位，并以積極的態(tài)度面對(duì)挫折，戰(zhàn)勝挫折，提高心理承受能力和自我調(diào)節(jié)能力。
（三）青春期的心理問(wèn)題和教育
我們要正確看待處在青春期的中學(xué)生心理發(fā)展的特點(diǎn)，樹(shù)立完善的心理指導(dǎo)觀。在新生入學(xué)時(shí)，有針對(duì)性的開(kāi)展青春期心理健康教育，通過(guò)開(kāi)展多種系列講座、主題班會(huì)等形式，采取多種途徑向?qū)W生宣傳青春期心理特點(diǎn)，心理衛(wèi)生知識(shí)，使學(xué)生正確看待自身心理發(fā)展的特點(diǎn)，掌握自我心理調(diào)節(jié)的方法。同時(shí)，幫助學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)自我疏導(dǎo)，自我調(diào)控，使他們具備解決生活中各種問(wèn)題的能力，提高其心理素質(zhì)，促進(jìn)心理的健康發(fā)展；幫助他們懂得在與異性交往中如何自制自尊和尊重對(duì)方，懂得在社會(huì)道德規(guī)范的基礎(chǔ)上建立男女同學(xué)間正常的交往與友誼，使他們順利的度過(guò)美好的高中生活。
適應(yīng)環(huán)境、老師、同學(xué)及學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)的變化，轉(zhuǎn)變角色，正確定位，是高一新生開(kāi)始高中生活的第一步，它將會(huì)關(guān)系到高中三年學(xué)生身心健康成長(zhǎng)和今后事業(yè)的發(fā)展。因此，對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行心理健康教育是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，這需要我們教育工作者用愛(ài)心和耐心持之以恒地去探索。我相信，經(jīng)過(guò)我們的努力，我們的下一代將會(huì)是身心健康，有理想，有作為的新一代，我們的校園將會(huì)更加和諧。
高二年級(jí)學(xué)生的心理特點(diǎn)及其家庭教育指導(dǎo)
一、學(xué)習(xí)上不穩(wěn)定，心理問(wèn)題增多。
高一新生剛?cè)雽W(xué)充滿了新鮮感，因興奮心情會(huì)使其具有積極的學(xué)習(xí)和生活態(tài)度。而高三的學(xué)生由于面臨高考，內(nèi)動(dòng)力增強(qiáng)，家長(zhǎng)和老師對(duì)他們給予更高度的關(guān)注。高二階段似乎熱情已經(jīng)淡去，既沒(méi)有高一時(shí)的雄心壯志，也沒(méi)有面臨高考的緊迫感，是一個(gè)容易出現(xiàn)動(dòng)蕩和茫然的時(shí)期。有的學(xué)生會(huì)幡然醒悟，奮起直追。有的學(xué)生則出現(xiàn)倦怠、厭學(xué)、焦慮。因此高二學(xué)生會(huì)出人意料的出現(xiàn)成績(jī)迅速躍升或大幅下滑。
二、差距拉大。
經(jīng)過(guò)高一一年的學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生在知識(shí)掌握程度上已較明顯的分出層次，優(yōu)秀生因成功而獲得自信，學(xué)習(xí)興趣濃厚；學(xué)習(xí)困難的學(xué)生屢遭挫折，產(chǎn)生灰心、自卑甚至害怕的心理；中等水平的學(xué)生，一部分堅(jiān)持不懈，一部分目標(biāo)模糊。因此容易拉大差距。
三、偏科明顯。
原本就有弱科，歷經(jīng)高一一年，深知弱科對(duì)總成績(jī)的影響，雖下了很多功夫但收效甚微，進(jìn)入高二再次遇到較難的章節(jié)，其學(xué)習(xí)上的漏洞愈加彰現(xiàn)，開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)畏難情緒，易導(dǎo)致弱科更弱。
四、干擾學(xué)習(xí)的現(xiàn)象增多。
違紀(jì)現(xiàn)象增多。已經(jīng)熟悉了學(xué)校的管理措施，不再像高一那樣畏懼紀(jì)律處罰，容易出現(xiàn)自由散漫，既影響了學(xué)習(xí)，也給管理增大了難度。
早戀現(xiàn)象增多。高二是高中階段戀愛(ài)發(fā)生率最高時(shí)期，其中有生理發(fā)展和社會(huì)影響的因素，還有其心理原因。他們承受的壓力增大，由于家庭、老師對(duì)他們的關(guān)注不夠，他們企盼獲得被珍惜、關(guān)愛(ài)的感覺(jué)，向往浪漫的愛(ài)情，因而會(huì)模仿成人談戀愛(ài)。但關(guān)系處理起來(lái)容易產(chǎn)生糾葛，導(dǎo)致精力投入很大影響學(xué)習(xí)，甚至成績(jī)會(huì)大幅下滑。
每年新大學(xué)生們回首自己的高中生活時(shí)，常用這樣的語(yǔ)言描述：“上高一時(shí)，覺(jué)得新鮮，忙著適應(yīng)；高二沒(méi)好好學(xué)，忙著玩了；高三知道學(xué)，想學(xué)，又來(lái)不及了?！睆膶W(xué)生的描述中，可以看出，高二是高中生活的關(guān)鍵，高二年級(jí)可以說(shuō)是高中三年中最難把握的一年，她沒(méi)有一年級(jí)的新鮮感也沒(méi)有三年級(jí)的緊迫感，剛升入高中一年級(jí)時(shí)彼此不很熟悉，要交新朋友，要適應(yīng)高中生活，要找到在新集體中的位置，這一切都做的小心翼翼；高三時(shí)由于高考的迫近，外界環(huán)境的壓力和自身對(duì)高考的思考又讓他冷靜下來(lái)，想好好學(xué)習(xí)，考上大學(xué)；高一下半年和高二年級(jí)，學(xué)生在班級(jí)的位置大概確定，距離高考又遙遠(yuǎn)，同學(xué)之間也特別熟了，各種各樣的想法做法都產(chǎn)生了，是最容易玩的瘋走的遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)候。
1．學(xué)生的心理特征
高二年學(xué)生的心理正逐步走向相對(duì)穩(wěn)定與成熟，從思維品質(zhì)上看，正處于由“經(jīng)驗(yàn)型”向“理論型”過(guò)渡，抽象思維能力得到進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展，已有獨(dú)立思考的意識(shí)，個(gè)人智力特征也逐漸顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)；個(gè)人思想道德正在逐步形成，對(duì)異性的關(guān)系逐步趨向理智懂事，個(gè)人思想和行為呈現(xiàn)能夠理智控制的特點(diǎn)。與學(xué)習(xí)的關(guān)系：
抽象思維能力發(fā)展較好的學(xué)生在理科學(xué)習(xí)上顯示一定優(yōu)勢(shì)，平時(shí)思考問(wèn)題喜歡感性和形象思維的學(xué)生逐漸對(duì)理科有畏懼的情緒。
高二的學(xué)生的情緒、情感、性格特征已基本形成，與成績(jī)的關(guān)系極大。對(duì)于這一點(diǎn)，他們是有足夠的理智認(rèn)識(shí)的。因此，我們讓他們清楚看待自己，明白情緒、情感、個(gè)性與學(xué)習(xí)、與自己的未來(lái)有著密切的關(guān)系；讓他們清楚周?chē)耐瑢W(xué)，看看成功的同學(xué)，從同學(xué)的成功中得到啟發(fā)，自覺(jué)地加強(qiáng)自我管理，積極地互相管理。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自我管理的能力是必要的。主要問(wèn)題有：孤獨(dú)感和焦慮感較強(qiáng)。高二學(xué)生是高中階段的“斷層”時(shí)期。因?yàn)楦咭恍律鷦傔M(jìn)入高中，對(duì)學(xué)校、老師、同學(xué)以及學(xué)習(xí)都有新鮮的感覺(jué)，同時(shí)，其興奮心情也使其具有積極的學(xué)習(xí)和生活態(tài)度。而他們所面臨的是如何適應(yīng)新的生活和新的學(xué)習(xí)，在這個(gè)時(shí)期，無(wú)論是學(xué)校還是老師都對(duì)他們給予高度的關(guān)注。高三的學(xué)生因?yàn)榫鸵獏⒓拥母呖?，家長(zhǎng)和老師對(duì)他們給予更高度的關(guān)注。相反，老師和家長(zhǎng)對(duì)高二的學(xué)生的關(guān)注就相對(duì)較少，使學(xué)生在這個(gè)階段的孤獨(dú)感和失落感較強(qiáng)。
高二階段由于很多學(xué)生目標(biāo)不明確，既沒(méi)有高一時(shí)的雄心壯志，也沒(méi)有面臨高考的緊迫感，是一個(gè)容易出現(xiàn)動(dòng)蕩和茫然的時(shí)期。一旦遇到挫折，特別是考試中受到打擊，就會(huì)自我懷疑，產(chǎn)生焦慮。有調(diào)查顯示：一半以上的學(xué)生感到整個(gè)高中階段有成績(jī)明顯退步的階段，其中大部分學(xué)生感到這個(gè)階段在高二。我們家長(zhǎng)不能只關(guān)注孩子的學(xué)習(xí)和衣食住行，更要關(guān)注孩子精神上的成長(zhǎng)，關(guān)心孩子的心理動(dòng)態(tài)。
2、戀愛(ài)現(xiàn)象增多。
高二是高中階段戀愛(ài)發(fā)生率最高時(shí)期，其中有生理發(fā)展和社會(huì)影響的因素，還有其心理原因。高二學(xué)生所要承受來(lái)自社會(huì)方方面面的壓力越來(lái)越多，他們非常需要理解和關(guān)心。然而，由于家庭、學(xué)校對(duì)他們的關(guān)注不夠，導(dǎo)致他們只能從外界獲得關(guān)愛(ài)的感覺(jué)。有些學(xué)生談戀愛(ài)就是要尋找一種被愛(ài)、被重視、被珍惜的感覺(jué)。其次，受電視、電影、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等影響，很多學(xué)生把愛(ài)情過(guò)于美化、理想化，向往浪漫的愛(ài)情，因而會(huì)模仿成人談戀愛(ài)。
對(duì)于學(xué)生的早戀，總是讓很多家長(zhǎng)頭痛。但是，如果我們一味地強(qiáng)調(diào)早戀為孩子所帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響，而不考慮其不可抹殺的固有的特性，對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)顯然是不公平的，也是不科學(xué)的。
對(duì)此，我們可以注重跟孩子說(shuō)明早戀的原因和它將給早戀者帶來(lái)什么樣的后果。對(duì)已經(jīng)早戀的學(xué)生給予理解和加以正確的引導(dǎo)，盡量將他們“戀情”所帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響控制在最低程度。
3．學(xué)生的思想特征
隨著生理及心理的逐步成熟，隨著學(xué)生社會(huì)交往的逐步增多，學(xué)生思想品德逐步走向相對(duì)成熟與穩(wěn)定，社會(huì)意識(shí)迅速發(fā)展并逐步趨向相對(duì)成熟。學(xué)生也正逐步確立自己的理想，其趨向也呈相對(duì)穩(wěn)定。但還是呈幼稚的特點(diǎn)，思想品德與行為表現(xiàn)容易出現(xiàn)兩極分化或走極端。
與學(xué)習(xí)的關(guān)系
個(gè)人道德及思想意識(shí)的形成，其實(shí)就是學(xué)生形成了個(gè)人對(duì)社會(huì)、對(duì)他人的看法，就是學(xué)生形成了如何與他人相處的思想。此時(shí)，有的學(xué)生對(duì)他人形成不良的看法，于是有內(nèi)向、不善交往傾向；有的學(xué)生過(guò)于外向，控制不住自己，干擾影響了他人，也影響了自己的學(xué)習(xí)，給班級(jí)管理造成一定難度。
（1）、在學(xué)習(xí)上兩極分化日益明顯。
經(jīng)過(guò)高一一年的學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生在知識(shí)掌握程度上已較明顯的分出層次，即所謂優(yōu)生和差生。對(duì)優(yōu)生來(lái)說(shuō)，由于之前學(xué)得好，他們積極、自信的心理不斷得到強(qiáng)化，學(xué)習(xí)興趣上升為樂(lè)趣，學(xué)習(xí)已成為自覺(jué)的行為，并不斷從中得到成功的心理體驗(yàn)。另一部分學(xué)生在一年學(xué)習(xí)中（尤其是在考試中）屢遭挫折，對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的灰心、自卑甚至害怕等心理也在漸漸固化，出現(xiàn)興趣轉(zhuǎn)移，偏科等傾向。如學(xué)習(xí)上，有的學(xué)生開(kāi)始失去信心。充滿沮喪、灰心情緒，完全放棄了取得好成績(jī)的愿望，破灌破摔，沉溺于不良情緒之中。思想上出問(wèn)題的也不在少數(shù)。如個(gè)人價(jià)值追求方面的問(wèn)題，有的學(xué)生開(kāi)始不思進(jìn)取，貪圖享樂(lè)?？刂撇蛔∽约憾拊谕獯蚓W(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲等，包括犯罪都有可能發(fā)生。
對(duì)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題的學(xué)生，我們既要嚴(yán)加管理，同時(shí)又要有足夠的寬容，指點(diǎn)他們積極地矯正自己，不再犯錯(cuò)。我們要清楚，人沒(méi)有一生順順當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)?對(duì)中等水平的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)習(xí)目的模糊，學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)不強(qiáng)，處于一種淡漠的被動(dòng)狀態(tài)。
對(duì)于成績(jī)好的孩子，我們要給予肯定，使他們更加積極上進(jìn)。對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)中等水平和較差的孩子，家長(zhǎng)首先要有正確的態(tài)度，避免過(guò)高的期望；要給孩子更多的支持和鼓勵(lì)，幫助他們分析成績(jī)不理想的原因，肯定他們所擁有的發(fā)展?jié)撃?，解除不必要的顧慮。
(2)、偏科現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重。
高二學(xué)生面臨著分科的壓力，可是分科之后，選藝術(shù)的對(duì)文化課不重視，選理科的學(xué)生，對(duì)文科的學(xué)習(xí)不夠重視，在文科的課堂上不專心聽(tīng)講，不認(rèn)真完成作業(yè)；選文科的學(xué)生同樣存在輕視理科的學(xué)習(xí)的傾向。一科拉后腿，會(huì)使自己在會(huì)考中吃大虧。
家長(zhǎng)要關(guān)注孩子是否存在偏科現(xiàn)象，引導(dǎo)孩子認(rèn)真地對(duì)待每一科的學(xué)習(xí)，才不致于會(huì)考時(shí)后悔莫及。
(3)、建議家長(zhǎng)對(duì)孩子特別關(guān)注些什么，怎么做？
第一：關(guān)注孩子的學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)，正確對(duì)待成績(jī)變化，始終做孩子的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)后盾。關(guān)注孩子的學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)，學(xué)習(xí)情緒，沒(méi)有反常的狀況，每天都愉快地學(xué)習(xí)就可以。家長(zhǎng)要細(xì)心觀察，一旦出現(xiàn)反常，家長(zhǎng)一定要重視，和孩子談?wù)劵蛘哒依蠋熃涣鳌?/p>
現(xiàn)代教育觀提倡賞識(shí)教育，對(duì)孩子多鼓勵(lì)，及時(shí)予以肯定和恰當(dāng)?shù)膸椭?，?dāng)孩子有進(jìn)步的時(shí)候，家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)肯定他的進(jìn)步，就是肯定他的自信心，又提出進(jìn)一步的要求。
第二：關(guān)注孩子的心理健康,正確地加以疏導(dǎo)和引導(dǎo).引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)恰當(dāng)?shù)刈晕叶ㄎ?/p>
只有讓學(xué)生清楚自己是什么，自己想追求的是什么，并且能做什么，才能更好地把握好自己發(fā)展和前進(jìn)的方向，不至于迷失自己。
一、讓學(xué)生知道，他們?cè)趯W(xué)校的角色是學(xué)生，在學(xué)習(xí)上肯定會(huì)遇到很多困難和問(wèn)題，這并不代表他們笨或無(wú)能。
作為一名學(xué)生，因?yàn)椴欢?、無(wú)知才到學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)和技能。從無(wú)知到有知需要一個(gè)過(guò)程，因此在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中遇到困難是很正常的事。有些學(xué)生因?yàn)閷W(xué)習(xí)上遇到困難，或因?yàn)榭荚嚦煽?jī)不好，而感到自卑，認(rèn)為自己笨、比別人差，遇到不懂的問(wèn)題不敢向老師或同學(xué)請(qǐng)教，不敢積極大膽去表現(xiàn)和鍛煉自己。家長(zhǎng)要注意引導(dǎo)學(xué)生正確地定位自己的角色，以積極、樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度，正確地看待學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的困難和挫折。學(xué)生正是在克服這些困難的過(guò)程中，慢慢地從無(wú)知變成有知，從知得少變成知得多的。
二、讓學(xué)生知道，他們學(xué)習(xí)的目的不是打敗別人，而是提高自己。
在中學(xué)，由于同學(xué)之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)比較激烈，不少學(xué)生有意或無(wú)意地將周?chē)耐瑢W(xué)當(dāng)成自己的對(duì)手，非常在乎同學(xué)之間的比較。看到別的同學(xué)成績(jī)比自己高，看到同學(xué)某一方面表現(xiàn)得比自己好，心里就會(huì)感到失落和難過(guò)；有些同學(xué)在得知自己成績(jī)時(shí)傷心，并不是因自己考不好而傷心，而是因自己的成績(jī)排在別人后面而傷心。過(guò)于在乎同學(xué)之間的比較，過(guò)于強(qiáng)調(diào)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，會(huì)使學(xué)生背上沉重的心理包袱，容易受到周?chē)瑢W(xué)的影響，而難以專心學(xué)習(xí)。
我們會(huì)不會(huì)常常拿自己的孩子和其他孩子做比較呢？你的比較會(huì)不會(huì)給孩子帶來(lái)過(guò)大的壓力呢？
其他人優(yōu)秀，并不妨礙我們的孩子也優(yōu)秀。孩子不一定要通過(guò)超過(guò)別人、打敗別人，才能夠顯示自己的實(shí)力和價(jià)值。我們要引導(dǎo)孩子如何正確看待同學(xué)之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，精力放在怎么改進(jìn)自己、提高自己上面，而不是放在怎么打敗別人上面。假如孩子過(guò)于強(qiáng)調(diào)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，會(huì)不愿意與別人合作，那不但會(huì)使他們的目光變得狹隘，而且會(huì)使他們?cè)谥R(shí)、資源共享上也會(huì)變得狹隘，這都不利于他們的發(fā)展。
三、讓學(xué)生知道，我不是最棒的，但我是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。
我們每個(gè)人都希望自己是最棒的。但是，我們有沒(méi)有可能是最棒的呢？能夠考上高中，說(shuō)明我們的學(xué)生都是非常優(yōu)秀的。但是，在學(xué)生中，強(qiáng)手如林，能夠名列前茅的學(xué)生只有少數(shù)，不可能每位學(xué)生都是第一，大多數(shù)同學(xué)都排在中間位置，是不是他們的成績(jī)不拔尖了，就說(shuō)明他們不優(yōu)秀了呢？即使在武中是最棒的，走出武中還有沒(méi)有可能是最棒的呢？一個(gè)人不可能每一方面在任何時(shí)候都是最棒的，總會(huì)有人比我們好。假如我們總是期望孩子是最棒的，要求孩子必須是最棒的，那孩子就會(huì)經(jīng)常碰壁，經(jīng)常遭受打擊，我們也會(huì)經(jīng)常否定他們。
怎樣讓孩子在強(qiáng)手如林的人群中，找到自己的位置、找到自信呢？
我們要讓孩子知道，即使他們是人群很普通的一個(gè)，但他們也是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的、不可替代。他們有缺點(diǎn)，但是他們也有優(yōu)點(diǎn)，只要能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的不足，努力加以克服和提高，并且明確自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和長(zhǎng)處，知道自己所擁有的能力與潛力所在，把它放在最有價(jià)值的地方發(fā)展。這樣，才能保持永遠(yuǎn)的自信。
高三年級(jí)學(xué)生的心理特點(diǎn)及其家庭教育指導(dǎo)
高三學(xué)生特點(diǎn)及家庭教育對(duì)策
一個(gè)學(xué)生成才，就是一個(gè)家庭的幸福。高三學(xué)年對(duì)每個(gè)高三學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)是他們走向人生成功、人生輝煌的關(guān)鍵學(xué)年。
為使學(xué)校教育同家庭教育達(dá)成和諧與共識(shí),我從高三學(xué)生具有的特點(diǎn)及家庭教育注意的問(wèn)題出發(fā)談?wù)勎覀€(gè)人的看法 供大家參考。
一、生理特點(diǎn)及教育對(duì)策
從三個(gè)方面理解高三學(xué)生的生理特點(diǎn)
1、身高、體重、胸圍、腦容量、骨骼、肌肉、各種內(nèi)部器官的發(fā)展水平已接近成人。
2、外部體形已成人化。
3、各種生理功能已接近成人，并迅速成熟。根據(jù)這些生理特點(diǎn)，家長(zhǎng)要做好三件事：
一是做好飲食服務(wù)，注意飲食的多樣性和營(yíng)養(yǎng)的豐富性； 二是做好生理成熟方面的引導(dǎo)，如早戀問(wèn)題；
三是引導(dǎo)學(xué)生良好的生活規(guī)律，如入睡與起床時(shí)間等都形成規(guī)律。
二、心理特點(diǎn)及教育對(duì)策
在心理上，主要有三個(gè)方面的特點(diǎn)：
1、自我意識(shí)進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)，自我控制能力和自我調(diào)解能力接近成年人。
從這一特點(diǎn)看，要盡量尊重孩子，不要把家長(zhǎng)意識(shí)強(qiáng)加于孩子，非得按家長(zhǎng)的意識(shí)要求學(xué)生得怎樣或怎樣，這樣可能產(chǎn)生抵觸情緒，而適得其反，家長(zhǎng)對(duì)自己的孩子的表現(xiàn)認(rèn)為不妥的地方要通過(guò)耐心的引導(dǎo)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。
2、高三學(xué)生的各種品格和理智感明顯增強(qiáng)。
這一特點(diǎn)使高三學(xué)生做人做事的盲目性減少，計(jì)劃性增強(qiáng)，特別是表現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)上，因此要求各位家長(zhǎng)在家
里的言行要注意對(duì)孩子的影響。
3、理性思維和創(chuàng)造思維水平提高迅速，由于思維的獨(dú)立性和抽象性的增強(qiáng)，已逐步形成比較穩(wěn)定的道德
心理環(huán)境和閉鎖的情感世界。
這一特點(diǎn)要求我們作家長(zhǎng)注意，孩子不愿同我們說(shuō)的事就不要追根問(wèn)底，不愿讓我看的東西，千萬(wàn)不能強(qiáng)看，發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子有不妥的地方要利用合適的機(jī)會(huì)在合適的氛圍下進(jìn)行引導(dǎo)。
三、思想特點(diǎn)及教育對(duì)策
高三學(xué)生的思想特點(diǎn)主要表現(xiàn)在以下五個(gè)方面：
1、面臨高中畢業(yè)，思想活躍。既留戀中學(xué)生活，又幻想有一個(gè)美好的未來(lái)；
既有畢業(yè)的自豪感、緊迫感，但紀(jì)律觀念和勞動(dòng)觀念有可能削弱。根據(jù)這一特點(diǎn)，希望家長(zhǎng)同志配合學(xué)校開(kāi)展積極的健康的思想教育及引導(dǎo)工作。
支持學(xué)校，特別是班級(jí)所強(qiáng)化的紀(jì)律管理和組織的正常的事物性勞動(dòng)。
2、對(duì)升學(xué)和專業(yè)的選擇進(jìn)入預(yù)備期，考慮各種利益得失和越來(lái)越重要的模擬考試以及越來(lái)越強(qiáng)烈的升學(xué)愿望，學(xué)生的思想壓力和心理上的波動(dòng)都會(huì)比較突出，緊張、焦慮會(huì)成為困擾學(xué)生情緒的中心問(wèn)題。這一特點(diǎn)要求我們當(dāng)家長(zhǎng)的要為學(xué)生創(chuàng)造寬松、和諧、愉悅的家庭環(huán)境，做好疏導(dǎo)工作，盡量減小學(xué)生的思想
壓力和心理上的波動(dòng)，讓學(xué)生輕松的學(xué)習(xí)，快樂(lè)的學(xué)習(xí)。每個(gè)家長(zhǎng)都望子成龍心切，表現(xiàn)在對(duì)自己孩子的每一
次模擬考試成績(jī)，特別是在年級(jí)的排名升降極為關(guān)心，這屬于做家長(zhǎng)的正常心態(tài)，但要特別注意，學(xué)生的每一
次考試都會(huì)出現(xiàn)名次上的交叉—升降問(wèn)題，對(duì)于名次上升的學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)及時(shí)鼓勵(lì)是對(duì)的，對(duì)下一次模擬考試的成
績(jī)目標(biāo)不要提出更高的要求，要和孩子共同商量而定，要符合實(shí)際，不能強(qiáng)加于學(xué)生；對(duì)于成績(jī)有下降的學(xué)生
家長(zhǎng)，不要對(duì)孩子發(fā)脾氣，大喊甚至大罵，這樣只能增加對(duì)孩子的思想壓力，使學(xué)生心情不快，甚至失去信心，破罐子破摔，適得其反。我們做成年人的都有感受，心情愉快時(shí)，工作效率高，學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)更是如此。出現(xiàn)成
績(jī)下降時(shí)，我們做家長(zhǎng)的要給予關(guān)心，引導(dǎo)分析一下原因，說(shuō)關(guān)心的話和鼓勵(lì)的話，這次沒(méi)考好不要緊，還有
下次呢。俗話說(shuō)，一句良言三冬暖啊，學(xué)生感受到了家長(zhǎng)的關(guān)心與愛(ài)護(hù)，會(huì)更加努力，在努力中，在快樂(lè)中不
斷的提高成績(jī)。
3、在選擇個(gè)人前途方面，理想成分開(kāi)始減弱，職業(yè)理想開(kāi)始逐漸確定，現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的態(tài)度開(kāi)始明朗。多數(shù)學(xué)生在
各個(gè)方面有積極的態(tài)度，特別是在學(xué)習(xí)上有較強(qiáng)的積極性和緊迫感。但也有極少數(shù)學(xué)生由于認(rèn)識(shí)上的片面性及環(huán)
境的影響，在一些方面會(huì)表現(xiàn)出悲觀、消極的態(tài)度與行為，特別是學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)較差的學(xué)生，往往會(huì)缺乏信心。
根據(jù)這些特點(diǎn)，家長(zhǎng)要注意的問(wèn)題，一是利用合適的機(jī)會(huì)與孩子共同探討院校與專業(yè)的選擇問(wèn)題，但決不能作
為一見(jiàn)面就談的話題，這樣會(huì)使學(xué)生感到厭煩；二是對(duì)學(xué)生表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的積極性要多加鼓勵(lì)，保持好，在引導(dǎo)學(xué)
生學(xué)習(xí)方面，要堅(jiān)持“少貪黑，輕負(fù)擔(dān)、高效率”的原則，使學(xué)生永遠(yuǎn)保持旺盛的精力，學(xué)習(xí)達(dá)到高質(zhì)量、高
效率；三是對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)差的同學(xué)堅(jiān)持多鼓勵(lì)、不埋怨的原則，幫助樹(shù)立信心，抓好基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的復(fù)習(xí)，提高成績(jī)，爭(zhēng)取高考的好成績(jī)。
4、高三學(xué)生的社會(huì)意識(shí)已接近成熟，關(guān)心同學(xué)，對(duì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)象敏感，對(duì)人生、對(duì)政治、對(duì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題有獨(dú)立見(jiàn)
解，社會(huì)參與意識(shí)增強(qiáng)。
根據(jù)這一特點(diǎn)，我們做家長(zhǎng)的對(duì)一些社會(huì)問(wèn)題在孩子面前少說(shuō)或不說(shuō)，對(duì)一些熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題要作積極的引導(dǎo)，使孩子
以正確的態(tài)度對(duì)待人生，以積極的態(tài)度審視社會(huì)。
5、人生觀、世界觀已初步形成并趨于穩(wěn)定，有比較穩(wěn)定的價(jià)值觀和評(píng)價(jià)能力，但具有很大程度上的片面性。根據(jù)這一特點(diǎn)，我們做家長(zhǎng)的要用成功人生的事例引導(dǎo)孩子樹(shù)立正確的人生觀、世界觀和價(jià)值觀，引導(dǎo)孩子用
正確的人生哲學(xué)作指導(dǎo)走好人生路。
各位家長(zhǎng)，只有了解每一個(gè)學(xué)生，才能教育好每一個(gè)學(xué)生，希望家長(zhǎng)同志能夠多與學(xué)生溝通，多與班主任溝通，多了解孩子，把學(xué)生的高三階段的復(fù)習(xí)工作做好，讓每一個(gè)學(xué)生保持一個(gè)積極向上的態(tài)度，保持一個(gè)良好的心
態(tài)，保持良好的體質(zhì)，旺盛的精力，愉快的學(xué)習(xí)每一天，成績(jī)提高每一天，以良好的心態(tài)，優(yōu)異的成績(jī)迎接高
考，參加高考。
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