第一篇：kennedy 肯尼迪家族介紹

August 27, 2009

EDITORIAL

Senator Edward Kennedy

Three decades ago, Senator Edward Moore Kennedy ruined his last hope to be elected to the White House when a television interviewer asked him why he wanted to be president.He could not articulate an answer, offering instead a rambling, empty response that persuaded his party that he may not really have wanted or been suited for the job that his brother John had held and to which his brother Robert had aspired.Yet as so often happened in an extraordinary life that careened from success to misfortune and scandal and back to success again, this bumbling moment worked to Mr.Kennedy’s advantage and, as it turned out, to the even greater advantage of the nation as a whole.Having failed in his insurgent challenge to President Jimmy Carter, Mr.Kennedy was finally free to focus with passion and political craft on his more natural calling as one of the master legislators and great reformers in the modern Senate.The record Mr.Kennedy leaves after 46 years can only be envied by his peers as they join the nation in mourning his passing after a 15-month fight against brain cancer — a record firmly anchored in Mr.Kennedy’s insistence that politics be grasped and administered through the prism of human needs.Together with a hard-won mastery of parliamentary intricacies, and a willingness to reach across party lines to win crucial votes, Mr.Kennedy’s unwavering taproot liberalism left a robust legacy: signature laws and reforms on civil rights, the judiciary, refugees, social welfare, foreign policy(he was one of 23 senators to vote against authorizing the Iraq invasion), voting rights, job training, public education and the minimum wage.Last year, in his bittersweet adieu before the Democratic convention, the senator stirred his party to act on what he called “the cause of my life” — quality health care as a fundamental right of American citizenship.The fate of Senator Kennedy’s cause remains in the hands of a conflicted Congress and President Obama, the Democratic candidate whom Mr.Kennedy dared to champion when other party leaders hesitated.And while his leadership will be missed in the intricate legislative warfare ahead, it would be a fitting tribute if his death could resolve for the better an issue too long in doubt.Mr.Kennedy’s life was burdened with personal tragedy, including the assassinations of two brothers, and personal embarrassment, mostly

self-inflicted.He was pronounced finished 40 years ago after Mary Jo Kopechne drowned in a car the senator drove off a bridge on Chappaquiddick Island off Martha’s Vineyard.But Massachusetts voters stuck with him, and in the last 15 years Mr.Kennedy seemed to get a much firmer grip on his personal life, not least in an effort to set a better example as the patriarch of the Kennedy clan.“I recognize my own shortcomings,” he conceded in 1991, knowing that they will not be erased from the pages of history.But neither will his spirit, his devotion to helping Americans in need and his belief that politics, not always a savory calling, can make a real difference.His mantra, forged in tragedy, and expressed most eloquently to the Democratic National Convention when he abandoned his presidential quest in 1980, was simple and ennobling: “The work goes on, the cause endures, the hope still lives, and the dream shall never die.” In his final speeches, he explicitly handed on this mantra to President Obama.This article has been revised to reflect the following correction: Correction: January 3, 2010

An article last Sunday about the death of Edward M.Kennedy in August misstated the length of his tenure in the Senate.He served 47 years, not 46 years.(The error appeared in Mr.Kennedy’s obituary and another article, about memories of the Senator, on Aug.27, and also in an editorial that day.The error was repeated in an article on Aug.28 about how the Senate had changed during the time he served.)The article also referred incorrectly to the assassination of his brother President John F.Kennedy.The president was assassinated in 1963, the year after Edward Kennedy was elected to the Senate — not the same year.This article has been revised to reflect the following correction: Correction: January 10, 2010

An article on Dec.27 about the death of Edward M.Kennedy in August referred incorrectly to the assassination of his brother President John F.Kennedy, and a correction in this space last Sunday erroneously corrected the length of his tenure in the Senate.The president was assassinated in 1963, the year after Edward Kennedy was elected to the Senate — not the same year.And as the article correctly reported, Senator Kennedy served 46 years — not 47 as the correction said.(The correction also erred in stating that the length of tenure was incorrect in Mr.Kennedy’s obituary, in two other articles on Aug.27 and Aug.28 and in an editorial on Aug.28.All four correctly reported the tenure as 46 years.)

第二篇：經(jīng)典英文演講 肯尼迪Towards a Strategy of Peace kennedy（最終版）

Modern History Sourcebook:

President John F.Kennedy:

Towards a Strategy of Peace, June 10, 1963

------------------

Address by President Kennedy at The American University, Washington, D.C., June 10, 1963

[]

I have...chosen this time and this place to discuss a topic on which ignorance too often abounds and the truth is too rarely perceived-yet it is the most important topic on earth: world peace.What kind of peace do I mean? What kind of peace do we seek? Not a Pax Americana enforced on the world by American weapons of war.Not the peace of the grave or the security of the slave.I am talking about genuine peace, the kind of peace that makes life on earth worth living, the kind that enables men and nations to grow and to hope and to build a better life for their children-not merely peace for Americans but peace for all men and women, not merely peace in our time but peace for all time..First: Let us examine our attitude toward peace itself.Too many of us think it is impossible.Too many think it unreal.But that is a dangerous, defeatist belief.It leads to the conclusion that war is inevitable, that mankind is doomed, that we are gripped by forces we cannot control.We need not accept that view.Our problems are manmade;therefore they can be solved by man.And man can be as big as be wants.No problem of human destiny is beyond human beings.Man's reason and spirit have often solved the seemingly unsolvable, and we believe they can do it again.I am not referring to the absolute, infinite concept of universal peace and good will of which some fantasies and fanatics dream.I do not deny the values of hopes and dreams, but we merely invite discouragement and incredulity by making that our only and immediate goal.Let us focus instead on a more practical, more attainable peace, based not on a sudden revolution in human nature but on a gradual evolution in human institutionsincluding this nation's closest alliesmore than enough-of war and hate and oppression.We shall be prepared if others wish it.We shall be alert to try to stop it.But we shall also do our part to build a world of peace where the weak are safe and the strong are just.We are not helpless before that task or hopeless of its success.Confident and unafraid, we labor on-not toward a strategv of annihilation but toward a strategy of peace.

第三篇：蝸牛家族介紹新聞稿

蝸牛家族介紹

蝸牛家族系煙臺指尖電子商務(wù)旗下的社群電商平臺，成立于2014年，從煙臺起步，致力于成為連接全國優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品及服務(wù)的共享平臺。

在移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的風(fēng)口，通過自主研發(fā)，運用新型社群電商模式，于2015年3月21號正式上線，5個多月時間平臺粉絲從0增長到50多萬，在全國各地形成了蝸牛家族6萬多蝸牛家族社群會員。

伴隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)逐漸成熟的腳步，蝸牛家族進(jìn)入2.0階段，致力于打造精品農(nóng)特共享平臺，全面開放共享運營，技術(shù)，團(tuán)隊，粉絲，成為農(nóng)特品牌利用移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)騰飛的航空母艦平臺。

隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)本地化電子商務(wù)的發(fā)展，信息和實物之間、線上和線下之間的聯(lián)系變得愈加緊密，O2O被看好會成為電子商務(wù)網(wǎng)站的下一個掘金點。在此風(fēng)口，蝸牛家族成功轉(zhuǎn)型成為社交O2O服務(wù)平臺！

政府青睞：

▲2015年5月13日，芝罘區(qū)曹區(qū)長及相關(guān)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和煙臺產(chǎn)業(yè)園周主任蒞臨指尖電商蝸視察，給予政策上的大力支持。

▲2015年6月5日上午，山東省中小企業(yè)局王局長、省商務(wù)廳電子商務(wù)處王處長等領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在產(chǎn)業(yè)園領(lǐng)導(dǎo)陪同下視察指尖電商，對蝸牛家族品牌發(fā)展進(jìn)行了高度贊賞，稱贊蝸牛家族帶動了更多人創(chuàng)業(yè)，同時對指尖夢想會給予認(rèn)同和贊揚。

▲2015年6月17日上午蝸牛家族再次接受煙臺電視臺專訪。

▲2015年6月19日，指尖電商董事長馬占鋒在清華進(jìn)行了傳統(tǒng)電商企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型微電商課程培訓(xùn)。馬占鋒指出：他們曾引領(lǐng)電商趨勢，如今他們會很難，一定有大批人追不上趨勢，絕不是聽聽課能解決，最好是換圈子，換血和參與合作。

▲2015年7月24日，蝸牛家族馬總接受人社局采訪。

▲2015年8月6日，蝸牛家族馬總受邀參加阿里巴巴煙臺網(wǎng)商節(jié)并做分享。

▲2015年8月11日，菏澤商會會長萬總參觀蝸牛家族，為蝸牛家族引入家庭生態(tài)農(nóng)莊理念，對實現(xiàn)“用最先進(jìn)的科技傳遞最古老的農(nóng)耕文明”的目標(biāo)更鮮明。

▲2015年8月20日，省文產(chǎn)辦、市委宣傳部、區(qū)委宣傳部等相關(guān)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)參觀蝸牛家族，并做了相應(yīng)的指導(dǎo)。

▲2015年9月12日，煙臺第二屆移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)大會暨首屆微商大會由煙臺芝罘區(qū)商務(wù)局、煙臺國家級電子商務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè)園、煙臺電子商務(wù)協(xié)會主辦，由煙臺指尖電子商務(wù)有限公司·蝸牛家族承辦，大會隆重開啟并完美謝幕。

▲2015年9月30日，煙臺市政協(xié)委員、煙臺商務(wù)局、煙臺貿(mào)輸會及相關(guān)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)參觀煙臺指尖電子商務(wù)有限公司旗下蝸牛家族，做出重要指示：一幫年輕人，有干勁做互聯(lián)網(wǎng)還是你們有經(jīng)驗，蝸牛家族會作為創(chuàng)業(yè)試點，在煙臺各大學(xué)，勞動局講解和啟動，座談會上各位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)聽取了公司的發(fā)展方針，并表示大力支持蝸牛家族。

▲2015年11月2日，李勇老師來訪與蝸牛家族董事會長馬占峰先生共同探討了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的大趨勢,稱贊道“蝸牛家族領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人具備獨到的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)思維，可以適時跟進(jìn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的步伐！這也是蝸牛家族走在全國微商前沿的決定性因素”。

▲2016年4月16日，蝸牛家族召開2.0系統(tǒng)上線說明會，與會人員均是傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)各界的大咖，說明會上蝸牛家族董事長馬占峰就互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的變革、發(fā)展做了細(xì)致的解說,并講解了蝸牛家族的新系統(tǒng)的模式和亮點！會后，與會者表示，傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型互聯(lián)網(wǎng)模式是迫在眉睫，并與董事長進(jìn)行了熱切的討論！

▲2016年4月21日，芝罘區(qū)牟書記及濰坊領(lǐng)導(dǎo)來蝸牛家族參觀，蝸牛家族供應(yīng)鏈總裁張總?cè)膛阃?，詳?xì)講解了蝸牛家族的發(fā)展史，我們的企業(yè)文化，得到了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們的極大認(rèn)可，并稱贊道：這個時代需要這群敢想、敢為的年輕人！

▲2016年4月26日，成功舉辦了蝸牛家族首批入駐商家簽約和培訓(xùn)會議，蝸牛家族進(jìn)入一個新篇章！

▲2016年4月26號，蝸牛家族和微服思訪跨境電商達(dá)成合作關(guān)系，正式落地夢巴扎蝸牛家族體驗店，蝸牛家族跨境電商再次實現(xiàn)一個質(zhì)的飛躍！而如今……

蝸牛家族牽手上市公司：雙塔食品，踏上新的征程！加入我們，讓我們一起實現(xiàn)夢想！

指尖電商文化

使命 ：用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)科技為1億中國人提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù) 愿景 ：成為服務(wù)1億中國人的社群電商平臺

找到100萬消費合伙人

幫助10萬商家移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)化

價值觀：激情，相信，尊重，責(zé)任，擁抱變化，誠信，快樂。

第四篇：紀(jì)念美國總統(tǒng)肯尼迪遇刺——肯尼迪家族的傳奇故事

肯尼迪家族的傳奇故事

肯尼迪家族是從愛爾蘭來美國的移民后裔。1848年一個名叫帕特里克·肯尼迪的窮苦愛爾蘭人乘船漂洋過海來到美國的波士頓。他的兒子帕特里克·約瑟夫很會做生意，酒館生意日漸興隆。之后便開始涉足政治，競選州議會議員成功后他又娶了富有的酒店老板的女兒瑪麗為妻，生下了兒子約瑟夫·肯尼迪。帕特里克·約瑟夫很有遠(yuǎn)見，為了讓孩子接受最好的教育，他把兒子送進(jìn)了哈佛大學(xué)。

一從哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)，約瑟夫·肯尼迪選擇了銀行業(yè)作為生財?shù)姆较?。在父親的支持下他成為一家銀行的董事長，并自稱為是全美國最年輕的銀行董事長。在積聚了幾億美元的資產(chǎn)后，約瑟夫開始留心政治活動。1937年羅斯福任命他出任駐英國大使。這對一個愛爾蘭天主教徒的后裔來說以前是連想都不敢想的事。但是，約瑟夫雖然精于賺錢，在政治上還很笨拙，當(dāng)了不到三年外交官就被召回國。

望子成龍

肯尼迪家族有一個長久懷有的夢想：總統(tǒng)之夢，這個家族中一定要有人成為美國的總統(tǒng)。約瑟夫有一次在教堂里祈禱時就暗暗發(fā)誓：我已登上了財富的最高峰，我要讓兒子登上權(quán)力的最高峰。他們夫婦有９個孩子，在政治上有潛力的自然是４個男孩。這４個男孩是大兒子小約瑟夫·肯尼迪、二兒子約翰·肯尼迪、三兒子羅伯特·肯尼迪、四兒子愛德華·肯尼迪。

在父親的心目中，四個兒子中最有資格成為總統(tǒng)的是大兒子小約瑟夫。但無情的戰(zhàn)爭打碎了他的如意算盤。在對德戰(zhàn)爭中小約瑟夫參軍成為飛行員，1944年奉命去炸毀納粹德國的Ｖ－１飛彈發(fā)射架。在執(zhí)行任務(wù)時，他駕駛的飛機(jī)因故障在英國上空爆炸，他和副駕駛被炸得粉身碎骨。這是以后多災(zāi)多難的肯尼迪家族所遇到的第一個災(zāi)難。

在長子遇難后，家中的希望更多地寄托在二兒子約翰·肯尼迪身上。按照約翰·肯尼迪后來的說法，“我的哥哥約瑟夫是一家中從政的當(dāng)然人選。如果他活著，我會繼續(xù)當(dāng)作家。如果我死了，我弟弟會當(dāng)參議員。如果他出事，我的另一個弟弟會為我們?nèi)ジ傔x?！弊映懈笜I(yè)，弟承兄業(yè)，就像一幅前仆后繼的從政序列圖。

約翰·肯尼迪政治上最大的成功是在1960年當(dāng)選美國總統(tǒng)。他的父親約瑟夫是實現(xiàn)總統(tǒng)夢的總策劃、總導(dǎo)演，他拿出大量的金錢調(diào)動新聞界、出版界，狂轟濫炸般地宣傳他的兒子。他兒子終于成為美國歷史上最年輕的總統(tǒng)。在約翰·肯尼迪組閣時，老父親讓他把弟弟羅伯特安排到內(nèi)閣中去，羅伯特如愿以償?shù)氐玫搅怂痉ú块L一職。這是肯尼迪家族政治上的巔峰時刻。遇刺之謎

在當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)沒多久，杰奎琳為新總統(tǒng)生了個兒子，他就是小約翰·菲茨杰拉德·肯尼迪?？夏岬峡偨y(tǒng)在飛機(jī)上得到這個喜訊，一時沉浸在中年得子和入主白宮的雙重喜悅之中。時間過得真快，不到三年肯尼迪又要為競選連任奔忙。1963年11月22日，他們夫婦到達(dá)拉斯城為連任拉選票。中午12點30分，從街旁一座大樓射出的子彈擊中了肯尼迪的頭部，打碎了他的腦殼，肯尼迪被刺身亡。

災(zāi)難接踵而至

肯尼迪總統(tǒng)遇刺后，擔(dān)任司法部長的羅伯特·肯尼迪成了肯尼迪家族的當(dāng)家人。1968年羅伯特決定參加總統(tǒng)競選，肯尼迪家族似乎有可能再產(chǎn)生一位總統(tǒng)。不幸的是再一次公眾集會上，有個年輕人對他頭部開槍，羅伯特死在醫(yī)院中。兇手是個叫瑟漢的巴勒斯坦難民，他討厭羅伯特強(qiáng)烈的親猶傾向。

三個哥哥死于非命，愛德華·肯尼迪頎果僅存。但在1969年7月發(fā)生的一件意外事件斷送了他的前程。一天晚上他開車帶著漂亮的金發(fā)姑娘科佩克內(nèi)小姐回旅館，在過一座小橋時汽車沖入河中。愛德華逃生，姑娘卻死在車中，而且愛德華報案還很不及時。這一事件損害了肯尼迪家族的名譽(yù)，也使得愛德華不得不放棄競選總統(tǒng)。

本來這個家族最后的希望都寄托在小約翰·菲茨杰拉德·肯尼迪身上。他儀表堂堂，很有人緣，有在政治上振興肯尼迪家族的實力?？墒切〖s翰·菲茨杰拉德·肯尼迪死在了空難事故中，這差不多是斷絕了肯尼迪家族最后的指望?；蛟S多災(zāi)多難的肯尼迪家族只能把重新崛起的希望寄托在下一代的身上。

第五篇：肯尼迪就職演說

Inaugural Address(January 20,1961)By John F.Kennedy We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change.For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.The world is very different now.For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life.And yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe, the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state but from the hand of God.We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution.Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.This much we pledge—and more.To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.To those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny.We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view.But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom, and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.T o those peoples in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever period is required, not because the Communists may be doing it, not because we seek their votes, but because it is right.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge: to convert our good words into good deeds, in a new alliance for progress, to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of support to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak, and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.講評“肯尼迪總統(tǒng)就職演說詞” ■北京外國語大學(xué) 李品偉 選評

美國總統(tǒng)就職演說詞獨具一格，而肯尼迪的講演更是其中一篇為人們注目的代表作，字字句句經(jīng)過刻意雕琢，有許多值得品味推敲之處。

它講的是美國人為之驕傲的美國歷史傳統(tǒng)，講的是美國的外交政策。

半個世紀(jì)以前的國際形勢與今天大不相同：勢不兩立的兩大陣營、激烈的軍備競賽、持續(xù)的冷戰(zhàn)局面。這些在文章中可見端倪。

可是，在肯尼迪的全篇演說中，沒有直截了當(dāng)?shù)貙H形勢進(jìn)行分析，更沒有一處提到一個國家的名字或具體事例，一切都隱晦、委婉、模糊不清，用的只是to friend and foe alike, to those nations who...等，沒有經(jīng)歷或不熟悉那一段時期歷史的人也許會摸不著頭腦。不奇怪，這些在一定程度上代表了西方政治家的風(fēng)格。

21世紀(jì)的今天，全球化(globali-zation)成了全世界所關(guān)注的問題，也成了人們天天在重復(fù)的一個詞語，從形勢上與此篇講演的背景很有可比較之處，但這里我們主要是就此篇講演中如何沿襲古希臘、羅馬的修辭、文風(fēng)，如何精心選用圣經(jīng)語言句式，講演稿如何注意音韻效果等問題分別舉例討論而已。因篇幅有限，只選用了前11段，未選全文。inaugural address 指就職演說詞。一般來說，演說詞在英語里是speech,用address這個詞是比較少的。如果要說兩者有什么差別的話，無非是風(fēng)格上及使用場合上的區(qū)別。前者是一個普通的詞，而address從風(fēng)格上來說更為莊重，指正式的致辭，除了總統(tǒng)演說詞之外，也用于學(xué)校畢業(yè)典禮上校長的演說詞等。

第一段第一個動詞observe一般作“觀察”解，但這里“觀察”一看就說不通，說不通就可以試著通過上下文來推斷或查一下詞典。如果你的詞典里observe有三個釋義，那么你就要注意第二或第三個釋義了，你的推斷如果是“慶?！保蔷蛯α?，此時它的英語等同語應(yīng)該是celebrate,其賓語可以是這篇文章中的victory,(a celebration of)freedom。其他常見的搭配還有什么呢？有節(jié)日（festivals），有生日（birthdays），有周年紀(jì)念（anniversaries）等。這幾個賓語中的birthday因為太普通了，可能用得少些。用得多的應(yīng)該是anniversaries，因為它較之其他兩個更為莊重。

從選詞風(fēng)格的角度來說，我們會注意到文章一開始有某些不太常用的詞，如：forebears, prescribes等，可以說forbears這個詞在中、小型詞典中往往是查不到的，你必須查較大的詞典。它的意思是祖先、祖宗，也就是我們一般熟悉的ancestor。兩者用法上有所不同，那就是ancestor的單數(shù)很常見，而forebear則總是以復(fù)數(shù)形式forebears出現(xiàn)，從風(fēng)格上，更具古風(fēng)。Collins Co Build的Essential English Dictionary關(guān)于這個字的旁注是：N count（可數(shù)名詞）/ usu.plural（一般復(fù)數(shù)）/ Formal（正式）；而ancestor的旁注則沒有后面兩點，由此可見兩者的細(xì)微差別。

prescribe這個動詞你不一定見得多，如見到，也多半是它的名詞形式prescription（處方）。prescription是常用詞，而動詞prescribe則較常用于正式場合。關(guān)于這個動詞同一詞典有這樣的第2條釋義：If someone prescribes an action or duty, they state formally that it must be carried out.它所指的動作與開醫(yī)藥處方是兩回事，意思不是別的而是“命令”，必須執(zhí)行。

第二段以一個短句開始，與第一段的長句正好相反。唱歌讀詩有節(jié)奏，句子與句子、段與段的關(guān)聯(lián)也有節(jié)奏，如果一篇文章自始至終是緩慢而沉重的長句，讀起來就沉重、缺乏起伏。所以第二段的一個短句不單起著承上啟下的作用，而且還有速度上適當(dāng)調(diào)節(jié)的作用，賦予了段落一種節(jié)奏感。

另外在用詞方面，你會注意到這里又一次出現(xiàn)了forebears，而且還有一個在層次和風(fēng)格上可與之稱兄道弟的mortal hands與它做伴，在一般情況下我們見到的也許會是...holds in his hands the power to...，這里卻多了mortal這一個大家不一定熟悉的詞。mortal屬非常用詞，詞義可以是：不能不死的，不共戴天的，性命攸關(guān)的。在這里應(yīng)作“凡人的”，“人類的”解?；剡^頭來想一下：非要這個詞嗎？沒有它不行嗎？當(dāng)然是人的手，又會是誰的手呢？解答這個問題可以從兩方面來說，一是這是自古以來常用的搭配，無須刨根問底，二是在這里有了mortal這個詞，節(jié)奏鮮明，讀起來感覺更好些，...holds in his mortal hands首先有頭韻[h]，接著有2uldz, m0:tl, h*ndz，其中包含的元音（包括一般作為短元音的*）都有一定長度，它們所含濁輔音及旁流音構(gòu)成的輔音連綴結(jié)尾賦予句子濃厚的韻味效果。

講演除了論點清楚，有說服力外，還要考慮如何在公眾場合中取得預(yù)期的最佳效果及如何調(diào)動人們的情緒，此外還需要掌握很多的技巧。它是一種學(xué)問，這種學(xué)問西方政治家們都要鉆研，他們往往把它作為一個課程來學(xué)習(xí)。如果你看過西方政治家的傳記一定已經(jīng)注意到了這個問題。這實際上是一個始于希臘羅馬時期的西方傳統(tǒng)。對于“瘋狂英語”的倡導(dǎo)人李揚人們多有評論，但有一點是應(yīng)該肯定的，那就是革“啞巴英語”的命，初學(xué)者應(yīng)如此，達(dá)到一定程度后，仍然應(yīng)該如此。講到這里，我們再來默默讀一下本篇第4段，這里包含的幾組頭韻與尾韻，使句子富有一種鮮明的節(jié)奏感、音樂感，如：pay any price, bear any burden, wishes us well or ill, oppose any foe（第４段）這類現(xiàn)象你可以在文章中找到很多，多朗讀一遍就會多發(fā)現(xiàn)一個，在此不一一舉例。當(dāng)然除了頭韻、尾韻還有許多其他隱而不現(xiàn)的手段。以下我們抽出幾個以let開頭的句子作簡略的討論。所選的句子是：

Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch...to which we are committed today at home and around the world.（第3段）Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill,...the success of liberty.(第4段)在這樣一個嚴(yán)肅的講演中，也許有人會對出現(xiàn)let somebody do something這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)感到不可思議，因為他們以為let somebody do something只是一個口語中的表達(dá)法，如Let me do it.Let's sing the song together.但他們不一定能意識到所提到的let結(jié)構(gòu)有時表達(dá)的意思、語氣正好與口語中的截然相反，它們含有的是一種號召、命令的口吻。上面所選的兩個句子譯成漢語當(dāng)然可以是：讓每個國家都知道，??； 從現(xiàn)在起，從這個地方開始，讓這個信息傳遞到我們的朋友，也傳遞到我們的敵人那里??。再考慮一下，這樣的口氣是否太婉轉(zhuǎn)了一些而與文章的格調(diào)不相稱呢？

為解答這一問題，我們不妨一起看一下當(dāng)代美國慣用法詞典A Dictionary of Contemporary American Usage(Evans)的有關(guān)講解：let is also used to form a peculiar imperative（祈使句）that includes the speaker along with the person addressed, as in Let us be true to each other.這個句子有一種號召的口吻，us也指我們以外的某人或某些人。請再看《圣經(jīng)》中“創(chuàng)世紀(jì)”第1章3，4，15段： 3.And God said, let there be light;and there was light.（上帝說要有光，就有了光。）4.And God saw the light, that it was good;and God divided the light from the darkness.（上帝看光是好的，就把明暗分開了。）

15.And let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth and it was so.（上帝說，天上要有光體，并要發(fā)光在天空、普照在大地上，事就這樣成了。）

最后，你一定也已經(jīng)注意到此文中有不少運用了排比與對偶手段的句子。

如第6段中的United, there is little we cannot...Divided, there is little we can do,...第8段中的...not because the Communists may be doing it, not because we seek their votes，but because it is right.及第3段中的 Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.這里that賓語從句內(nèi)所含的修飾語中有連續(xù)出現(xiàn)的過去分詞短語：born in..., tempered by..., disciplined by..., 也有連續(xù)出現(xiàn)的以形容詞開始的短語proud of..., unwilling to...，也有to which this nation..., and to which we are committed today at home and around the world這樣的定語從句。

第4段中...that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe...也是類似情況的排比。

當(dāng)然這些排比有時鏗鏘有力，但不當(dāng)則會顯得累贅、不自然，所以一定要注意恰當(dāng)運用這種修辭手段。

→如果您認(rèn)為本詞條還有待完善，請 編輯詞條 詞條內(nèi)容僅供參考，如果您需要解決具體問題