第一篇：《格林童話選》閱讀思考題參考答案和梗概

Level 1 Grimm’s Fairy Tales < Answer Key >

Little Red Riding Hood

Preview Questions

1.Her name was Little Red Riding Hood because she had a red hood.2.Little Red Riding Hood goes into the forest to see her grandmother.3.Little Red Riding Hood will meet a wolf.Review Questions

1.Mr.Wolf waited for her in the forest.2.Mr.Wolf ate Little Red Riding Hood and her grandmother.3.The woodcutter cut open the wolf.Little Red Riding Hood and her grandmother jumped out of the wolf’s belly.The woodcutter put stones inside the wolf.The wolf was so full of stones that he died.Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs

Chapter 1

Preview Questions

1.She was called Snow White because her skin was very white.2.A king and a queen are in Snow White’s family.After the queen dies, Snow White gets a stepmother.3.Snow White and her stepmother do not get along well.The new queen hates Snow White.Review Questions

1.Snow White’s stepmother hated her because she was beautiful.2.Seven dwarfs lived in the house in the forest.3.Her stepmother asked the mirror.The mirror told her Snow White was alive.Snow White’s stepmother dressed as a poor woman.She pretended to sell pots and pans.She walked around and found the house.Chapter 2

Preview Questions

1.The dwarfs will find Snow White on the floor.2.The queen will be angry because Snow White is still alive.3.The queen will try to kill Snow White.Review Questions

1.The queen put poison into the apples.2.The dwarfs made a glass coffin for Snow White.3.The prince had the glass coffin moved.The apple came out of Snow White’s throat.She woke up.Snow White married the prince.They lived happily ever after.Bearskin

Chapter 1

Preview Questions

1.It is called Bearskin because it is about a man who wears a bearskin from the Devil.2.This story is about a bearskin./ This story is about a bear and a soldier./ This story is about the Devil and a soldier.3.The Devil will want the soldier’s soul.Review Questions

1.The Devil gave the soldier a green coat with gold in the pocket.The gold never ran out.2.He must not bathe, shave, or cut his hair for seven years.3.The soldier will go to the man’s home because he wants to marry one of his daughters.Chapter 2

Preview Questions

1.The merchant’s three daughters will be waiting at home.2.The merchant’s daughters will not like the soldier because he is dirty, ugly, and smelly.3.The soldier will leave.The soldier will work hard.The soldier will be lonely.Review Questions

1.The soldier gave the merchant’s youngest daughter one half of a ring.2.The soldier made the Devil keep his promise.The soldier made the Devil clean him up and give him a shave.The Devil had to make the soldier rich.3.The merchant’s daughter knew who the soldier was when he showed her the other half of the ring.Rapunzel

Preview Questions

1.Rapunzel is a girl with very long hair./ Rapunzel is a pretty girl with long hair who is kept in a tower.2.Yes, a person can easily live in a tower./ No, a person cannot easily live in a tower.3.A woman can only grow her hair to a certain length./ A woman can grow her hair as long as she wants.Review Questions

1.Rapunzel is another word for rampion, a kind of vegetable.2.The witch put Rapunzel in a high tower.3.Rapunzel used her hair as a ladder for other people to climb up.< Summaries >

Little Red Riding Hood

Little Red Riding Hood took her grandmother some food.A wolf saw her walking in the woods towards her grandmother’s house.The wolf got to the house before Little Red Riding Hood.He pretended to be the grandmother and ate Little Red Riding Hood.A woodcutter saved her life.Snow White

Chapter 1 The Dwarfs’ House

Snow White was more beautiful than her stepmother, the new queen.The queen ordered a guard to kill Snow White but he let her go.She went to live with seven dwarfs.The Queen found her and tried to kill her.Chapter 2 The Queen’s Trick

The Queen gave Snow White some poisoned apples.She ate one and it made her so ill that the dwarfs thought she was dead.They put her in a glass coffin.A prince saw her in the coffin and fell in love with her.His servants lifted the coffin and the poisoned apple fell out from Snow White’s throat.She woke up.The prince married her.Bearskin

Chapter 1 The Devil and the Soldier

The Devil told a soldier that if he wore a bearskin for seven years he would become rich.He agreed and no one would talk to the soldier because he smelled bad.Then he met a merchant who took him to his home to meet his daughters.The youngest daughter agreed to marry him in the future.Chapter 2 The Merchant’s Daughters

Seven years later, when he was clean, the soldier visited the merchant.The merchant and his

daughters did not know who this clean man was.He told the youngest daughter he was the man that she was waiting for.They got married.Rapunzel

Rapunzel’s mother wanted to eat some of a witch’s rampion.She agreed to give her first child to the witch.The witch locked Rapunzel up in a tower.A prince passed the tower saw her and fell in love with her.He climbed up Rapunzel’s hair into the tower to meet her.The witch found out and sent Rapunzel into the desert.The prince returned and found the witch in the tower.Many years later he found Rapunzel and their twin sons.He married her.

第二篇：《格林童話選》閱讀思考題參考答案和梗概

Level 1 Grimm’s Fairy Tales < Answer Key >

Little Red Riding Hood Preview Questions 1.Her name was Little Red Riding Hood because she had a red hood.2.Little Red Riding Hood goes into the forest to see her grandmother.3.Little Red Riding Hood will meet a wolf.Review Questions 1.Mr.Wolf waited for her in the forest.2.Mr.Wolf ate Little Red Riding Hood and her grandmother.3.The woodcutter cut open the wolf.Little Red Riding Hood and her grandmother jumped out of the wolf’s belly.The woodcutter put stones inside the wolf.The wolf was so full of stones that he died.Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Chapter 1 Preview Questions 1.She was called Snow White because her skin was very white.2.A king and a queen are in Snow White’s family.After the queen dies, Snow White gets a stepmother.3.Snow White and her stepmother do not get along well.The new queen hates Snow White.Review Questions 1.Snow White’s stepmother hated her because she was beautiful.2.Seven dwarfs lived in the house in the forest.3.Her stepmother asked the mirror.The mirror told her Snow White was alive.Snow White’s stepmother dressed as a poor woman.She pretended to sell pots and pans.She walked around and found the house.Chapter 2 Preview Questions 1.The dwarfs will find Snow White on the floor.2.The queen will be angry because Snow White is still alive.3.The queen will try to kill Snow White.Review Questions 1.The queen put poison into the apples.2.The dwarfs made a glass coffin for Snow White.3.The prince had the glass coffin moved.The apple came out of Snow White’s throat.She woke up.Snow White married the prince.They lived happily ever after.Bearskin Chapter 1 Preview Questions 1.It is called Bearskin because it is about a man who wears a bearskin from the Devil.2.This story is about a bearskin./ This story is about a bear and a soldier./ This story is about the Devil and a soldier.3.The Devil will want the soldier’s soul.Review Questions 1.The Devil gave the soldier a green coat with gold in the pocket.The gold never ran out.2.He must not bathe, shave, or cut his hair for seven years.3.The soldier will go to the man’s home because he wants to marry one of his daughters.Chapter 2 Preview Questions 1.The merchant’s three daughters will be waiting at home.2.The merchant’s daughters will not like the soldier because he is dirty, ugly, and smelly.3.The soldier will leave.The soldier will work hard.The soldier will be lonely.Review Questions 1.The soldier gave the merchant’s youngest daughter one half of a ring.2.The soldier made the Devil keep his promise.The soldier made the Devil clean him up and give him a shave.The Devil had to make the soldier rich.3.The merchant’s daughter knew who the soldier was when he showed her the other half of the ring.Rapunzel Preview Questions 1.Rapunzel is a girl with very long hair./ Rapunzel is a pretty girl with long hair who is kept in a tower.2.Yes, a person can easily live in a tower./ No, a person cannot easily live in a tower.3.A woman can only grow her hair to a certain length./ A woman can grow her hair as long as she wants.Review Questions 1.Rapunzel is another word for rampion, a kind of vegetable.2.The witch put Rapunzel in a high tower.3.Rapunzel used her hair as a ladder for other people to climb up.< Summaries >

Little Red Riding Hood Little Red Riding Hood took her grandmother some food.A wolf saw her walking in the woods towards her grandmother’s house.The wolf got to the house before Little Red Riding Hood.He pretended to be the grandmother and ate Little Red Riding Hood.A woodcutter saved her life.Snow White Chapter 1 The Dwarfs’ House

Snow White was more beautiful than her stepmother, the new queen.The queen ordered a guard to kill Snow White but he let her go.She went to live with seven dwarfs.The Queen found her and tried to kill her.Chapter 2 The Queen’s Trick

The Queen gave Snow White some poisoned apples.She ate one and it made her so ill that the dwarfs thought she was dead.They put her in a glass coffin.A prince saw her in the coffin and fell in love with her.His servants lifted the coffin and the poisoned apple fell out from Snow White’s throat.She woke up.The prince married her.Bearskin Chapter 1 The Devil and the Soldier The Devil told a soldier that if he wore a bearskin for seven years he would become rich.He agreed and no one would talk to the soldier because he smelled bad.Then he met a merchant who took him to his home to meet his daughters.The youngest daughter agreed to marry him in the future.Chapter 2 The Merchant’s Daughters

Seven years later, when he was clean, the soldier visited the merchant.The merchant and his daughters did not know who this clean man was.He told the youngest daughter he was the man that she was waiting for.They got married.Rapunzel Rapunzel’s mother wanted to eat some of a witch’s rampion.She agreed to give her first child to the witch.The witch locked Rapunzel up in a tower.A prince passed the tower saw her and fell in love with her.He climbed up Rapunzel’s hair into the tower to meet her.The witch found out and sent Rapunzel into the desert.The prince returned and found the witch in the tower.Many years later he found Rapunzel and their twin sons.He married her.

第三篇：《彼得·潘》閱讀思考題參考答案和梗概

Level 2Peter Pan< Answer Key >

Chapter 1

Preview Questions

1.I think Peter Pan is a boy from a strange place who can do special things.2.If children never grew up they could always run around and play because they would never grow old.3.Yes, I would like to stay a child forever.No, I would not like to stay a child forever.Review Questions

1.The names of the Darling children were Wendy, Michael and John.2.Nana caught Peter’s shadow in her mouth.3.Mother dreamed that Peter Pan came from a place called Neverland.Chapter 2

Preview Questions

1.Nana is the Darling children’s dog and also their nurse.2.Mother and Father Darling went to a party at a restaurant called Number 27.3.Peter’s shadow is in the Darling house.Review Questions

1.The first fairies came from the first baby who laughed for the first time.The laugh broke into a thousand pieces and those pieces turned into fairies.2.You need fairy dust to be able to fly.3.Peter took the children out of the Darling house and toward Neverland.Chapter 3

Preview Questions

1.The children are going to Neverland.2.Wendy became separated from the others when there was a sort of explosion.She flew straight up in air and ended up with Tinker Bell, who took her away into the darkness.3.Tinker Bell is with Wendy.Review Questions

1.The lost boys were out looking for Peter, the pirates were out looking for the lost boys, the Indians were out looking for the pirates, and the animals were out looking for the Indians.2.A crocodile was chasing Captain Hook because it ate his hand, and now it wants to eat the rest of him.3.The lost boys built a little red house with a green floor for Wendy.Chapter 4

Preview Questions

1.I think the lost boys get into their house under the ground by using a secret door.2.The boys want Wendy to stay with them because there are no girls on the island and they want her to be their mother.3.Captain Hook wants to catch the lost boys, and especially Peter Pan.Review Questions

1.On summer days, the children went to the lagoon at Mermaid Pool.2.The pirates brought Tiger Lily to Marooners’ Rock.They brought her to the rock to die after they caught her trying to board the pirate ship with a knife in her mouth.3.Wendy left Marooners’ Rock on Michael’s kite, which Peter tied to her and she floated up and away in the water.Chapter 5

Preview Questions

1.Peter is on Marooners’ Rock.2.Peter saved Tiger Lily from the pirates.3.The lost boys live under the ground in a house that is just one large room.Review Questions

1.Peter got off the rock with the help of the Never bird.Peter got in the bird’s nest and floated to land.2.Peter went to find the crocodile to get the time because the clock was inside of it.3.Before bed, the children liked to tell stories.Chapter 6

Preview Questions

1.Wendy is about to tell a story to all of the boys.2.The children are in bed in their home.3.I think no one is guarding the house because Peter is also inside listening to Wendy’s story.Review Questions

1.Peter didn’t believe in a mother’s love because he said his mother had forgotten all about him when he tried to go home one day.2.The children couldn’t leave Neverland because suddenly the pirates began to attack the Indians.3.The pirates tricked the children into thinking the Indians had won by beating the tom-tom, which usually meant that the Indians had won the battle.Chapter 7

Preview Questions

1.The children are going back home to their parents, Mr.and Mrs.Darling.2.The pirates are waiting for the children above the ground.3.Peter doesn’t want to leave with the children because he wants to stay in Neverland where he can be a little boy and have fun.Review Questions

1.Hook tried to kill Peter by poisoning him with a powerful drug.2.Tinker Bell saved Peter by drinking the poison.3.Hook was suddenly scared because he heard the crocodile coming after him.Chapter 8

Preview Questions

1.Yes, I think the children will escape.No, I don’t think the children will escape.2.I think the clock is still in the crocodile, but Peter is pretending to be the crocodile by making ticking noises so that he will scare Hook away.3.I think Peter will fight Hook to save the other children.Review Questions

1.The crocodile had stopped ticking because the clock inside of it had stopped.2.Captain Hook died by jumping into the sea where the crocodile was waiting to swallow him in one bite.3.Peter wanted to close the window to the children’s room so that Wendy would think her mother didn’t love her anymore and she would go back to Neverland.Chapter 9

Preview Questions

1.Wendy and Peter first met when Wendy was a young girl living with her parents and her brothers.2.Mrs.Darling didn’t believe that the children were home because she thought she was dreaming.3.Yes, I think Peter is sad that he doesn’t have a family.No, I don’t think Peter is sad that he doesn’t have a family.Review Questions

1.Wendy couldn’t fly anymore because she was grown up and she couldn’t remember how to.2.Jane was Wendy’s daughter, and Margaret was Jane’s daughter.3.I would prefer to go to Neverland and never grow up.I would prefer to grow up and not go to Neverland.Level 2 Peter Pan< Summaries >

Chapter 1

Mr.and Mrs.Darling live with their three children;Wendy, Peter and Michael, and the children’s nurse, Nana.One day, Wendy tells her mother she has been dreaming about a boy named Peter.Then, Peter Pan flies into

the children’s bedroom one night.Nana barks and catches Peter’s shadow.Mrs.Darling folds up the shadow and puts it away in a drawer.Chapter 2

One night, when Mr.and Mrs.Darling are at a dinner party, Peter Pan returns.His fairy, Tinker Bell, comes with him and together they search for Peter’s shadow.Wendy wakes up to hear Peter crying that his shadow won’t stick, and so she sews it on for him.Peter teaches Wendy and her brothers to fly, and they all fly out of the window and away to Neverland, Peter’s home.When they get close to Neverland, a pirate ship fires at them and they are all separated.Chapter 3

It is night-time on Neverland and everyone is out hunting.The pirates are looking for the lost boys, the Indians follow the pirates and the animals, including a large crocodile, follow the pirates.The lost boys see a large white bird in the sky, but it is actually Wendy.Tinker bell, who is jealous of Wendy, tells the lost boys to shoot down the ‘Wendy-bird’.When the boys realize they have shot Wendy they are very sorry, and build her a special house before asking her to be their mother.Chapter 4

Wendy, John and Michael soon settle in to life in Neverland, and begin to forget their parents.One day, Peter and Wendy see the pirates leave the Indian princess, Tiger Lily, to drown on a rock in the sea.Peter pretends to be the voice of the pirate captain, Captain Hook, and the pirates believe him and let her go.When the real Captain Hook finds out about the trick, a great battle takes place.Hook runs away when the crocodile arrives, leaving Wendy and Peter on the rock together.Chapter 5

Peter is rescued from the rock by a great bird.Back at the tree house, Wendy and Peter are the parents and the lost boys, John and Michael are the children.All the children love to play family, especially Wendy.Peter suddenly becomes worried, and asks Wendy if it is really a game.He does not understand the feelings Tiger Lily, Tinker bell and Wendy have for him.The children all gather to hear Wendy tell their favorite bedtime story.Chapter 6

Wendy tells the boys the story of three children, who went away for a long time, but who returned to find their mother waiting for them.Peter does not like the story, because his own mother did not wait for him to return after being away for a long time in Neverland.The children decide that they will return to their parents, but Peter decides to stay in Neverland because he does not want to grow up.Just then, the pirates attack the

Indians, who are guarding Peter’s tree house.The pirates win, but they trick the lost boys into believing they are safe by beating on the Indian’s drums.Chapter 7

When the children rush out of the tree house, the pirates catch them and they are all taken to the pirate ship.Hook stays behind and finds Peter in the tree house, sleeping.He puts poison in his cup, but when Peter goes to drink it Tinker Bell jumps in the way and drinks it first, poisoning herself.Peter fixes her with fairy

medicine, and the two fly to the pirate ship to rescue the children.Hook is about to make them all ‘walk the plank’, but he hears the sound of the crocodile and goes to hide.Chapter 8

When Peter Pan arrives, the children and the pirates begin to fight.Peter Pan and Captain Hook fight each other for a long time, but Captain Hook jumps overboard and is swallowed by the hungry crocodile.The

children take over the ship and sail away from Neverland.The children’s mother still sits by the window every night, hoping they will come home.Wendy, Michael, John arrive home with the lost boys, and Mr.and Mrs.Darling are very happy to see them.Peter decides he will stay a boy forever, and watches them all from outside the window.Chapter 9

Wendy’s mother agrees to let Wendy return to Neverland once a year with Peter, to help him with his spring cleaning.Peter comes the next year, and one more time after that, but soon forgets about Wendy.He comes again many years later to find that Wendy is grown up, with her own daughter Jane.Peter teaches Jane to fly and takes her to Neverland, but eventually Jane grows up too, and has her own daughter, Margaret.Peter Pan will stay young forever, and for this reason his adventures will continue.

第四篇：思考題答案

13.1鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)按施工方法的不同有哪些形式

各有何優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)

答：鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)按施工方法的不同有如下形式：）現(xiàn)澆框架其做法為每層柱與其上層的梁板同時(shí)支模、綁扎鋼筋，然后一次澆混凝土，是目前最常用的形式優(yōu)點(diǎn)：整體性，抗震性好缺點(diǎn)：施工周期長(zhǎng)，費(fèi)料、費(fèi)力

2）裝配式框架其做法為梁、柱、樓板均為預(yù)制，通過(guò)預(yù)埋件焊接形成整體的框架結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)點(diǎn)：工業(yè)化，速度化，成本低缺點(diǎn)：整體性，抗震性差

3）裝配整體式其做法為梁、柱、板均為預(yù)制，在構(gòu)件吊裝就位后，焊接或綁扎節(jié)點(diǎn)區(qū)鋼筋，澆節(jié)點(diǎn)區(qū)混凝土，從而將梁、柱、樓板連成整體框架。其性能介于現(xiàn)澆和全裝配框架之間。

13.2試分析框架結(jié)構(gòu)在水平荷載作用下，框架柱反彎點(diǎn)高度的影響因素有哪些

答：框架柱反彎點(diǎn)高度的影響因素有結(jié)構(gòu)總層數(shù)、該層所在位置、梁柱線剛度比、上

下兩層梁的線剛度比以及上下層層高的變化

13.3 D值法中D值的物理意義是什么? 答：反彎點(diǎn)位置修正后的側(cè)向剛度值。

15.6為什么砌體的抗壓強(qiáng)度遠(yuǎn)小于單塊塊體的抗壓強(qiáng)度？P321-P322

答：1）塊體在砌體中處于壓、彎、剪的復(fù)雜受力狀態(tài)，由于塊體表面不平整，加上砂漿鋪的厚度不勻，密實(shí)性也不均勻，致使單個(gè)塊體在砌體中不是均勻受壓，且還無(wú)序地受到彎曲和剪切作用，由于塊體的抗彎、抗剪強(qiáng)度遠(yuǎn)低于抗壓強(qiáng)度，因而較早地使單個(gè)塊體出現(xiàn)裂縫，導(dǎo)致塊體的抗壓能力不能充分發(fā)揮，這是塊體抗壓強(qiáng)度遠(yuǎn)低于塊體抗壓強(qiáng)度的主要原因

2）砂漿使得塊體在橫向受拉，從而降低了塊體的抗壓強(qiáng)度；

3）豎向灰縫中存在應(yīng)力集中，因?yàn)樨Q向灰縫不可能飽滿，使得塊體受力不利。

15.7簡(jiǎn)述影響砌體抗壓強(qiáng)度的主要因素。砌體抗壓強(qiáng)度計(jì)算公式考慮了哪些主要參數(shù)？P322

答：凡是影響塊體在砌體中充分發(fā)揮作用的各種主要因素，也就是影響砌體抗壓強(qiáng)度的主要因素1)塊體的種類、強(qiáng)度等級(jí)和形狀。（砌體的抗壓強(qiáng)度主要取決于塊體的抗壓強(qiáng)度）

2)砂漿性能。砂漿強(qiáng)度等級(jí)高，砌體的抗壓強(qiáng)度也高；砂漿的變形率小，流動(dòng)性、保水性好都是對(duì)提高砌體的抗壓強(qiáng)度有利

3)灰縫厚度（10~12mm）

4)砌筑質(zhì)量，主要保證灰縫的均勻性、密實(shí)性和飽滿程度等砌體抗壓強(qiáng)度平均值

考慮的是塊體的抗壓強(qiáng)度平均值，砂漿抗壓強(qiáng)度平均值；砌體種類的參數(shù)；同時(shí)各種情況下的各類砌體，其砌體強(qiáng)度的設(shè)計(jì)值應(yīng)該乘以調(diào)整系數(shù)（復(fù)印書上P63）

15.12為什么要驗(yàn)算墻、柱高厚比？高厚比驗(yàn)算考慮哪些因素？不滿足時(shí)怎樣處理？P355-356

答：）因?yàn)槠鲶w結(jié)構(gòu)中的墻、柱是受壓構(gòu)件，除要滿足截面承載能力外，還必須保證其穩(wěn)定性，墻和柱高厚比驗(yàn)算是保證砌體結(jié)構(gòu)在施工階段和使用階段穩(wěn)定性和房屋空間剛度的重要措施。（高厚比是指計(jì)算高度H0與截面邊長(zhǎng)h的比值）

2）高厚比驗(yàn)算考慮的因素有如砂漿的強(qiáng)度等級(jí)、橫墻的間距、砌體的類型及截面的形式、支撐條件和承重情況等。

3）處理方法：1.增大砂漿強(qiáng)度等級(jí)；2.增大截面的尺寸；3.減小墻或柱的高度；4.可以在墻體上加設(shè)構(gòu)造柱或壁柱

15.18 什么是砌體局部抗壓強(qiáng)度提高系數(shù)γ？為什么砌體局部受壓時(shí)抗壓強(qiáng)度有明顯提高？復(fù)印書P84

答：γ砌體局部抗壓強(qiáng)度提高系數(shù)：由于局部受壓砌體有套箍作用存在，所以砌體抵抗壓力的能力有所提高，在計(jì)算砌體局部抗壓承載力時(shí)，就用局部抗壓提高系數(shù)γ來(lái)修正。砌體局部抗壓強(qiáng)度提高系數(shù)γ考慮由于“套箍作用”和部分?jǐn)U散作用所引起的強(qiáng)度提高系數(shù)；砌體局部受壓時(shí)抗壓強(qiáng)度的提高一般認(rèn)為這是由“套箍強(qiáng)化”作用引起的記過(guò)，即由于四面未直接承受荷載的砌體，對(duì)中間局部荷載下的砌體的橫向變形起著箍束作用，使產(chǎn)生三向應(yīng)力狀態(tài)，因而大大提高了其抗壓強(qiáng)度，除了套箍作用外，還可能部分由擴(kuò)散作用所引起的強(qiáng)度提高。

15.28 何謂墻梁？簡(jiǎn)述墻梁的受力特點(diǎn)和破壞形態(tài)。P382

答：1）墻梁是由鋼筋混凝土托梁和梁上計(jì)算高度范圍內(nèi)的砌體墻組成的組合構(gòu)件。根據(jù)墻梁是否承受由屋蓋、樓蓋傳來(lái)的荷載，墻梁可分為承重墻梁和非承重墻梁。按支承情況的不同可分為簡(jiǎn)支墻梁、框支墻梁和連續(xù)墻梁。

2)墻梁的受力特點(diǎn)：當(dāng)托梁及其上部砌體達(dá)到一定的強(qiáng)度以后，墻和梁共同工作形成一個(gè)梁高較高組合深梁，其上部荷載主要通過(guò)墻體的拱作用向兩端支座傳遞，托梁受拉，兩者組成一個(gè)帶拉桿的拱結(jié)構(gòu)。

3）墻梁的破壞形態(tài)：

1.彎曲破壞；2剪切破壞：a）斜拉破壞；b）斜壓破壞；（這兩種破壞屬于脆性破壞）c）劈裂破壞；3.局壓破壞。

第五篇：格林童話 有答案

三年級(jí)語(yǔ)文《格林童話》

一、填空題

1．在《貓和老鼠做朋友》的故事中，貓欺騙老鼠偷吃了（肥油）。

2．《森林里的三個(gè)小仙人》中繼母讓男人的女兒到森林里去采（草莓）。

3．在《漁夫和他的妻子》的故事中，漁夫的妻子第一次向比目魚要什么（茅舍）。4．在《勇敢的小裁縫》中國(guó)王為了趕走小裁縫，向小裁縫提出了（）個(gè)要求。5．王子是靠（水晶鞋）找到灰姑娘的。

A、拋金球

B、跳繩

C、游泳

9.青蛙變回王子后，第二天是誰(shuí)來(lái)接王子和公主回家的？

（C）

A、王子的父親

B、王子的姐姐

C、王子的仆人亨利

10.《金鵝》中只有當(dāng)小傻瓜帶著什么來(lái)見(jiàn)國(guó)王時(shí)，國(guó)王才答應(yīng)他與公主結(jié)婚。（C）

A、能吃下很多面包的人

B、能喝下很多葡萄酒的人

C、水陸兩用的船

11.是（B）放走了野人鐵漢斯。

A 士兵

B、小王子

C、皇后

12.熊皮人答應(yīng)魔鬼（B）年，不洗手臉，不準(zhǔn)刮胡子，不準(zhǔn)梳頭發(fā)，不準(zhǔn)刮胡子，不準(zhǔn)念祈禱6．在《小紅帽》中小紅帽的帽子是（外婆）送給她的。7．在《不來(lái)梅城的樂(lè)師》中“老胡子”指的是（貓）。

8.在《青蛙王子》的故事中，小公主的（金球）掉進(jìn)了深水潭，是青蛙為她找到的，后來(lái)公主嫁給了青蛙王子。

9.小王子裝扮成了（騎士）接住了公主的金蘋果。

10.在《玫瑰小姐》的故事中，出現(xiàn)了（13）個(gè)預(yù)（yù）言家。11.漢斯用金子換的東西是（一匹馬）。

12.在《小紅帽》的故事中，是（獵人）救了小紅帽和她的外婆。

13.熊皮人最后娶了旅館中老人的（小女兒）。14.《金鳥》中，小王子最先得到的是（金鳥）。

15.《白雪公主》中新皇后最后一次想用（毒蘋果）害死白雪公主。16.風(fēng)雪婆婆給丑女的酬勞是（柏油）。

17.、《青蛙王子》中的小公主在水潭邊上乘涼感到無(wú)聊時(shí)經(jīng)常做的事情是（拋金球）。18.《勇敢的小裁縫》中那個(gè)小裁縫曾經(jīng)一下打死了七個(gè)（蒼蠅）。

19.《少女和獅子》中那個(gè)商人出門時(shí)他的小女兒希望父親為她帶回（玫瑰花）。20.白雪公主的作者是（格林）。

二、選擇題

1.《森林里的三個(gè)小仙人》國(guó)王把老女人連她的女兒一起裝進(jìn)人們（B）一直滾到了河里。

A袋子

B桶

C缸

2.在《漁夫和他的妻子》的故事中，漁夫的妻子是一個(gè)（B）。

A善良的人 B貪心的人 C力氣很大的人

3．在《勇敢的小裁縫》中國(guó)王為了趕走小裁縫，向小裁縫提出了幾個(gè)要求（A）

A三個(gè)

B兩個(gè)

C四個(gè)

4.為什么叫灰姑娘為“灰姑娘”，因?yàn)椋ˋ）。

A她身上沾滿了灰，又臟又難看

B她皮膚是灰色的 C她姓灰，所以人們叫她灰姑娘

5.在《小紅帽》中媽媽讓小紅帽帶的什么食物給生病的外婆（C）

A雞蛋和奶酪

B三明治和牛奶

C蛋糕和葡萄酒

6.在《勇敢的小裁縫》中“一下打死七個(gè)”真正指的是什么（C）

A打死七個(gè)怪獸

B打死七個(gè)巨人

C打死七個(gè)蒼蠅

7.故事《金鵝》中的小傻瓜是從（A）得到金鵝的。

A.最老的樹中

B.石頭中

C.鵝窩里

8.《青蛙王子》中的小公主在水潭邊上乘涼感到無(wú)聊時(shí)經(jīng)常做的事情是（A）

文。

A、六年

B、七年

C、八年

13.《石竹》中，小王子把惡毒的廚師變成了（C）。

A、大灰狼

B、小白兔

C、卷毛狗

14.《窮人和富人》中，（C）收留了上帝。

A、國(guó)王

B、富人

C、窮人

15.聰明的農(nóng)家女和她父親在荒地里挖出了（B）

A、黃金

B純金的臼

C、純金的臼和杵

16.下列童話故事選自《格林童話》的是（C）

A、《海的女兒》

B、《丑小鴨》

C、《玫瑰小姐》 17.《愛(ài)人羅蘭》中老巫婆的兩個(gè)女兒是（C）

A親女兒美麗善良B繼女惡毒丑陋C繼女美麗善良 18.在森林里，野人鐵漢斯要小王子看守（C）。

A、家門

B、金子

C、水井

19.新皇后最后一次想用（B）害死白雪公主。

A毒酒

B毒蘋果

C毒梳子

20.（B）沒(méi)有在《白雪公主》這個(gè)故事中出現(xiàn)。

A七個(gè)小矮人

B魔鏡 C水晶鞋

21.《三片羽毛》中是誰(shuí)幫助小王子“缺心眼”贏得了三次比賽，最后繼承了王位？（A牧羊人B大蟾蜍C老鼠

22.下列童話故事選自《格林童話》的是(C)

A《海的女兒》B《丑小鴨》C《灰姑娘》D《小木偶奇遇記》 23.青蛙變回王子后，第二天是誰(shuí)來(lái)接王子和公主回家的？（C）

A王子的父親B王子的姐姐C王子的仆人亨利

24.白雪公主第一次來(lái)到七個(gè)小矮人家時(shí)，她睡的是第幾個(gè)小矮人的床？(B)

A第1個(gè)B第7個(gè)C第5個(gè)

25.最終讓白雪公主中毒死去的是（B）

A一把梳子B一個(gè)蘋果C一碗湯

26.是什么令《萵苣姑娘》中王子瞎掉的眼睛又能看見(jiàn)東西了？（C）

A泉水B漿果C萵苣姑娘的淚水

27.《狼和七只小山羊》中藏在什么地方的小山羊沒(méi)有被狼吃掉？（C）

A桌子下面B柜子里C鐘盒里

B）28.《十二兄弟》中森林中的老婆婆告訴公主如果要讓自己的哥哥們從烏鴉變回人公主就必須做幾年啞巴？（A）

A七年B五年C六年

29.《小弟弟和小姐姐》中那個(gè)小弟弟喝了被施了妖術(shù)的溪水后變成了什么？（C）

A一只狼B一只老虎C一只小鹿

30.《金鵝》中只有當(dāng)小傻瓜帶著什么來(lái)見(jiàn)國(guó)王時(shí)，國(guó)王才答應(yīng)他與公主結(jié)婚。（C）

A能吃下很多面包的人B能喝下很多葡萄酒的人C水陸兩用的船

31.《農(nóng)夫與魔鬼》中農(nóng)夫與魔鬼約定泥土上面的東西歸農(nóng)夫，泥土下面的東西歸魔鬼，那么聰明的農(nóng)夫會(huì)種什么呢？（B）

A蘿卜B小麥C土豆

32.《少女和獅子》中那個(gè)商人出門時(shí)他的小女兒希望父親為她帶回（C）

A寶石B珍珠C玫瑰花

33.《少女和獅子》中王子中了魔法，只要有一絲燈火照到他，他將會(huì)變成什么？（A）

A一只獅子B一只鴿子C一條龍

34.《蜂王》中是誰(shuí)幫小王子從湖水中撈出了公主臥室的鑰匙？（C）

A螞蟻B蜂王C野鴨

35.《老蘇旦》中是誰(shuí)想出了好辦法讓老蘇旦這條老狗沒(méi)有被主人打死？（B）

A貓B狼C野豬

36.白雪公主里的王后給白雪公主的蘋果哪面是有毒的 ?(A)

A紅的 B綠的C波斯 37.白雪公主在森林里遇到了誰(shuí)(B)

A小動(dòng)物 B七個(gè)小矮人 C波斯 38.白雪公主里的王后為什么要?dú)⑺腊籽┕?A)A白雪公主比她美麗 B白雪公主不是她的孩子

C波斯 39.狼來(lái)了”的故事最早出自哪里?(B)A格林童話B伊索寓言

C波斯 40.《格林童話》共有(B)篇。

A一百多篇 B、兩百多篇 C、三百多篇

41.《少女和獅子》中王子中了魔法，只要有一絲燈火照到他，他將會(huì)變成什么?(A)A、一只獅子 B、一只鴿子 C、一條龍

42.《三片羽毛》中是誰(shuí)幫助小王子“缺心眼”贏得了三次比賽，最后繼承了王位?(B)A、牧羊人 B、大蟾蜍 C、老鼠

43.《蜂王》中是誰(shuí)幫小王子從湖水中撈出了公主臥室的鑰匙?(C)A、螞蟻 B、蜂王 C、野鴨

44.在《森林里的三個(gè)小矮人》中，后母給繼女一件（B）

A、襯衫

B、紙衣服

c、皮襖

45.漢斯帶著一籃（C）送給公主。A、橘子衫

B、蛤蟆腿

c、蘋果

46.樵夫撒在路上的小米被（A）啄得一干二凈。A、橘子衫

B、蛤蟆腿

c、蘋果 47.《白雪和紅玫瑰》這部童話的作者是誰(shuí)?(A)

A格林B安徒生

C波斯 48.睡美人沉睡了(C)年后被王子救出? A 一年 B 十年 C 一百年

49.在《魔鬼的三根金發(fā)》的故事中，魔鬼的妻子把年輕人變成了(B)，躲進(jìn)自己的衣袖里。

A 一根針 B 螞蟻 C 小刀

50.在《虱子和跳蚤》的故事中，(B)被燙死了。

A 跳蚤 B 虱子 C 小姑娘

三、判斷題

1、在《漁夫和他的妻子》的故事中最后漁夫的妻子想做上帝（√）

2．驢子只請(qǐng)獵狗和貓去不來(lái)城當(dāng)音樂(lè)家。（X）

3、《小紅帽》中獵人用剪刀剪開狼的肚皮，他又把幾塊大石頭填在狼的肚子里（√）

4、《石竹》中的王子把惡毒的廚師變成了卷毛狗，后來(lái)又把它變回了原形。（√”）

5、《三兄弟》中父親臨終之際把房產(chǎn)給了大兒子。（X）

6、《窮人和富人》中的窮人第一個(gè)希望是永久幸福。（√）

7、《青蛙王子》中的小公主將青蛙關(guān)在門外，國(guó)王知道事情的真相后，他讓公主去給青蛙開門并教育公主要做一個(gè)言而有信的人。（√）

8、《青蛙王子》中的小公主是惟一一個(gè)能救被施了魔法的王子的人。（√）

9、《金鵝》中只有那個(gè)小傻瓜愿意與小老頭分享食物，他的兩個(gè)哥哥都不愿意將自己的食物分給小老頭兒。（√）

10、窮人收留了上帝，并讓他睡在了地板上。（Χ）

四、片段賞析

1、漁夫艱難地到了家，教堂和宮殿都不見(jiàn)了，眼前依舊是那間破爛不堪的小草房，里面坐著他的妻子，穿著破爛的衣衫。就這樣，漁夫和他的妻子一直住在這間破房子里。（1）這段話選自（《格林童話》）里的（《漁夫和他的妻子》）。（2）教堂和宮殿為什么會(huì)不見(jiàn)了？你從中得到了什么教訓(xùn)？ 答案：比目魚忍受不了漁夫和他的妻子的貪得無(wú)厭，很生氣，讓教堂和宮殿不見(jiàn)了。做人要敦厚老實(shí)，切不可貪得無(wú)厭，這樣會(huì)得不償失的。

2、公主咬了一小口，便倒地而死。這次小矮人救不活白雪公主了，小矮人把白雪公主放在一口透明的棺材里抬到了山上。躺在棺材里的白雪公主面色白里透紅，頭發(fā)又黑又亮。（1）本段選自（《格林童話》）的（《白雪公主》）。（2）白雪公主吃了（有毒的蘋果），而倒地死去。（3）白雪公主真的死去了嗎？

答案：沒(méi)有，毒蘋果因?yàn)轭嶔陌籽┕鞯暮韲道锏袅顺鰜?lái)，最后白雪公主醒了。（4）這篇童話，你最喜歡誰(shuí)？說(shuō)出你的理由。答案：言之成理即可。

五、簡(jiǎn)答題

1、《六個(gè)仆人》中，有一個(gè)仆人他的雙眼被布蒙著，為什么呢？ 答案：什么東西被眼睛一照，就會(huì)被炸得稀爛。

2、《上帝的動(dòng)物和魔鬼的動(dòng)物》中，上帝怎樣對(duì)付這些做壞事的山羊？ 答案：放出了他的狼群，把在那兒做壞事的山羊統(tǒng)統(tǒng)吃光了。

3、《小壽衣》中，死去的小男孩為什么勸他媽媽不要哭？

答案：小男孩無(wú)法入睡，因?yàn)閶寢尩难蹨I都落在我的小壽衣上，它干不了。