第一篇：英語詩歌范文

給你介紹一首關(guān)于青春的詩吧,希望能對(duì)你有幫助,可以在發(fā)言的最后引用,或者摘取部分詩句,是我非常喜歡的一首.YOUTH Youth is not a time of life;it is a state of mind;it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees;it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions;it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.Youth means a tempera-mental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease.This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20.Nobody grows old merely by a number of years.We grow old by deserting our ideals.Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spring back to dust.Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being’s heart the lure of wonder, the unfailing childlike appetite of what’s next and the joy of the game of living.In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station: so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men and from the Infinite, so long are you young.When the aerials are down, and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown old, even at 20, but as long as your aerials are up, to catch waves of optimism, there is hope you may die young at 80.the diversity of my university life

Look!There is a rainbow!On the first day of my university life, when I walked into the campus, there was a rainbow bridging over the fountain, I hadn’t seen rainbow for a long time.I was so excited, and leaped high with joy.My ponytail danced with my happiness.It was a propitious sign indicated that my life in university would be colorful, and actually it is!

After my entry into university, I found my life so busy.What I should do is not only gaining the scholarship but also being a good monitor and leader of shanghai university percussion band.I got the 1st and 2nd price of scholarship in my 2 years of study.I organized charity donations for schoolmates with financial difficulty or disease.Every

week, I give drum lesson to new members of our percussion band.And there are always a lot of non-business performances, such as entertaining guests, celebrating party, cultural exchange with foreign students delegations and their bands.Of course, part-time job is indispensable in my vacations.I ask for no payment but aim at getting accustomed to the society.Sometimes, my friends advise me not to tire myself out with such a tight schedule.I wake up before the rooster crow, and continue working till very late when others are enjoying their sweet dreams.Every time I come back from the rehearsal of percussion band, I have to finish my homework with the help of my own charged light because of the

blackout in out dormitory.Maybe such kind of life is something like an ascetic, but we should work hard and try hard in our youth, aren’t we?

When I represented shanghai university to take part in the POND’s new century lady competition held in May, when I show off on the stage, when I emerged as “the girl of vitality”, I made use of every bit of time to compensate the classes I had missed, I made use of every chance to learn from other girls with vitality, versatility and intelligence, I made use of this opportunity to present our university students’ state of mind.There is a little bitterness in my busy life, but at the same time, there is sweetness.It is colorful.I make fun out of it.I love it.When I snatch a little leisure I lie on the green grass, reading books, I cripple myself in the window-seat in our library---the 2nd largest in shanghai---I absorb knowledge like a hungry sponge, I wonder along the bank of river, listening to oriels in willows and get a splendid sunset view of the campus.The sky is drunk with the sunset;I am drunk with the sweetness of my like.Besides study, music is the most important part of my life.I began to learn piano at 6 and drum at 11.In school, I teach students to play jazz drums, kettledrums, xylophone and so on.We give performances in many universities to popularize percussion and to bring music to them.I’ve learned drums for so many years and it can’t be separated from my life now.It is my beating heart, my pulse, veins and arteries.When I play it, I wanna move my body, I can sit on my chair anymore I can’t help swinging I communicate with the audience I call upon them to join me with the beat of drums the rhythm of music and the fragmence of youth.Hi, come on!

In one summer vacation, I volunteered to teach my neighborhood community and taxi drivers to learn 100 English sentences for APEC.I made great efforts to walk out of my air-conditioned room and walk into the hot and suffocating weather.Some of these people didn’t have the opportunity to get good education, and even didn’t know ABC!I tried hard to find and easy way to teach them.For example, how to remember “the Oriental TV

tower”? I put “tower” as “套鞋” in shanghai dialect.It is not the right way to teach and learn English like this, but actually it is the only way.In the end of my vacation, they could use some daily language.I was so glad and thought my efforts rewarding.Being a volunteer, I mould myself serve the people and welcome the coming APEC.Being a university student living in ivory tower, I feel the hardness of taxi driver.It was at that time that I cherished most my opportunity to study in shanghai university which enjoys the first rate facilities in china.I will work hard and contribute myself to our country in the future.And another summer vacation, I worked as a junior clerk in an import and export

company.I didn’t know how to draw up invoice;how to make customs declaration forms;how to fill the packing list or I even didn’t know what is CIF!I strongly feel my lack of

working and social experience;these are knowledge that can’t be learned from textbooks.How to teach oneself, how to make a circle of acquaintances and get along with people of various characters---I think these are the preparation of entry into society and are more important than my scores in examinations.Working in the company, I threw away my t-shirts jeans track shoes and changed into suits dresses and high-hell shoes.It was far from comfortable and occasionally I stumbled over my steps.Oh!How difficult it is to be a

white-collar office lady!One should pretend to be a noble lady, working all day before the table, wearing the dangerous high-heel shoes!Isn’t it a challenge?

My life in university is like allegro.It is painstaking but worthwhile;bitter but sweet;tiring but exciting.The rainbow appeared in my first day of university life promised me a colorful life.Over the rainbow, there is the sky high above.The way ahead is long, I see no ending, yet high or low, I will search my will unbending!

第二篇：英語詩歌

獻(xiàn)給年輕人哲理小詩：If 《如果》（雙語）

哲理 雙語詩歌 【字體：小 大】

蕓蕓眾生，誰不想成功，誰不想令世人矚目，詩人在詩中展示了成功背后，包含多少辛酸，經(jīng)歷多少磨難，忍受多少痛楚。有道是“天將降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，勞其筋骨”。如果我們能正視成功前的種種困難，勇于接受挑戰(zhàn)；失敗了，何畏懼，重頭再來。那樣，我們便成為了一個(gè)頂天立地之人。If — Rudyard Kipling 如果 —— 拉迪亞德·吉卜林

IF you can keep your head when all about you Are losing theirs and blaming it on you;如果周圍的人毫無理性地向你發(fā)難，你仍能鎮(zhèn)定自若保持冷靜； IF you can trust yourself when all men doubt you, But make allowance for their doubting too;如果眾人對(duì)你心存猜忌，你仍能自信如常并認(rèn)為他們的猜忌情有可原；

If you can wait and not be tired by waiting, 如果你肯耐心等待不急不躁，Or, being lied about, don't deal in lies, 或遭人誹謗卻不以牙還牙，Or, being hated, don't give way to hating, 或遭人憎恨卻不以惡報(bào)惡；

And yet don't look too good, nor talk too wise;既不裝腔作勢，亦不氣盛趾高；

If you can dreamand not make thoughts your aim;如果你有神思，而又不走火入魔；

If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster And treat those two impostors just the same;如果你坦然面對(duì)勝利和災(zāi)難，對(duì)虛渺的勝負(fù)榮辱胸懷曠蕩； If you can bear to hear the truth you've spoken Twisted by knaves to make a trap for fools, 如果你能忍受有這樣的無賴，歪曲你的口吐真言蒙騙笨漢，Or watch the things you gave your life to broken, And stoop and build 'em up with worn-out tools;或看著心血鑄就的事業(yè)崩潰，仍能忍辱負(fù)重腳踏實(shí)地重新攀登； If you can make one heap of all your winnings And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss, 如果你敢把取得的一切勝利，為了更崇高的目標(biāo)孤注一擲，And lose, and start again at your beginnings And never breathe a word about your loss;面臨失去，決心從頭再來而絕口不提自己的損失；

If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew To serve your turn long after they are gone, 如果人們?cè)缫央x你而去，你仍能堅(jiān)守陣地奮力前驅(qū)，And so hold on when there is nothing in you Except the Will which says to them:“Hold on”;身上已一無所有，唯存意志在高喊“頂住”； If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue, 如果你跟平民交談而不變謙虛之態(tài), Or walk with kings如果你能惜時(shí)如金利用每一分鐘不可追回的光陰； Yours is the Earth and everything that's in it, 那么，你的修為就會(huì)如天地般博大，并擁有了屬于自己的世界，Andyou'll be a Man my son!更重要的是：孩子，你成為了真正頂天立地之人！

把平凡做到極致便不再平凡

Your presence is a present to the world 你的存在是獻(xiàn)給世界的一份禮物 You’re unique and one of a kind 你是唯一的，無可替代

Your life can be what you want it to be 你能夠主宰你的自己的生活

Take the days just one at a time 日子要一天天好好的過

Count your blessings, not your trouble 常想想你的幸福，忘掉你的煩惱

You’ll make it through whatever comes along 不管遇到什么困難，你最終都能克服 Within you are so many answers Understand , have courage be strong 學(xué)會(huì)理解，勇敢 堅(jiān)強(qiáng) Don’t put limits on yourself 不要自我設(shè)限

So many dreams are waiting to be realized 有許多夢(mèng)想等待你去實(shí)現(xiàn)

Decisions are too important to leave to chance 要果斷抉擇，不要聽天由命

Reach for your peak your goal your prize 要攀登自己的高峰，實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo) 爭取榮譽(yù) Nothing wastes more energy than worring 沒有比杞人憂天更消耗精力的了

The longer one carries a problem, the heavier it 包袱背得越久，越沉重

Don’t take things too seriously 不要對(duì)一切太過在意

Remember that a lot… goes forever 而還有更多的愛… 將會(huì)永存

Live a life of serenity, not a life of regrets 過平靜的生活，而不是懊悔的生活

gets Remember that a little love goes along way 記住，友誼是一種明智的投資

Life’s treasures are people … together 朋友的相聚是生命的財(cái)富 Realize that it’s never to late 要認(rèn)識(shí)到一切都不會(huì)太晚

Do ordinary things in an extraordinary way 把平凡的事做的不平凡。

Have health and hope and happiness 擁有健康、希望、幸福。

Take time to wish upon a star 花點(diǎn)時(shí)間向星空許個(gè)愿吧。如果你還在這個(gè)世界上存在著,那么這個(gè)世界無論怎么樣,對(duì)我都是有意義的;但是如果你不在了,無論這個(gè)世界多美好,他在我眼里也只是一片荒漠,而我就象一個(gè)孤魂野鬼。And don’t ever forever … for even a day… 而且永遠(yuǎn)不要忘記......一天都不要

泰戈?duì)?世界上最遙遠(yuǎn)的距離(中英對(duì)照)泰戈?duì)? 詩歌經(jīng)典

愛情詩歌

諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng) 【字體：小 大】

By The furthest distance in the world

世界上最遙遠(yuǎn)的距離

Is not between life and death

不是生與死

But when I stand in front of you

而是 我就站在你面前

Yet you don't know that I love you

你卻不知道我愛你

The furthest distance in the world

世界上最遙遠(yuǎn)的距離

Is not when I stand in front of you

不是 我就站在你面前

Yet you can't see my love

你卻不知道我愛你

But when undoubtedly knowing the love from both

而是 明明知道彼此相愛

Yet cannot be together

卻不能在一起

The furthest distance in the world

世界上最遙遠(yuǎn)的距離

Is not being apart while being in love

不是 明明知道彼此相愛 卻不能在一起

But when painly cannot resist the yearning

而是 明明無法抵擋這股思念

Yet pretending you have never been in my heart

卻還得故意裝作絲毫沒有把你放在心里

The furthest distance in the world

世界上最遙遠(yuǎn)的距離

Is not but using one's indifferent heart

不是 明明無法抵擋這股思念 卻還得故意裝作絲毫沒有把你放在心里

To dig an uncrossable river

而是 用自己冷漠的心對(duì)愛你的人

For the one who loves you

掘了一條無法跨越的溝渠

第三篇：英語詩歌

世界上最遠(yuǎn)的距離

泰戈?duì)?/p>

世界上最遠(yuǎn)的距離

The most distant way in the world 不是生與死的距離

is not the way from birth to the end 而是我站在你面前

It is when I sit near you 你不知道我愛你

that you don't understand I love you.世界上最遠(yuǎn)的距離

The most distant way in the world 不是我站在你面前

is not that you're not sure I love you.你不知道我愛你

而是愛到癡迷

It is when my love is bewildering the soul 卻不能說出我愛你

but I can't speak it out

世界上最遠(yuǎn)的距離

The most distant way in the world 不是我不能說我愛你 is not that I can't say I love you.而是想你痛徹心脾

It is after looking into my heart 卻只能深埋心底

I can't change my love.世界上最遠(yuǎn)的距離

The most distant way in the world 不是我不能說我想你 is not that I'm loving you.而是彼此相愛

It is in our love 卻不能夠在一起

we are keeping between the distance.世界上最遠(yuǎn)的距離

The most distant way in the world 不是彼此相愛

is not the distance across us.卻不能夠在一起

而是明知道真愛無敵 It is when we're breaking through the way 卻裝作毫不在意

we deny the existence of love.世界上最遠(yuǎn)的距離

So the most distant way in the world 不是樹與樹的距離

is not in two distant trees.而是同根生長的樹枝 It is the same rooted branches 卻無法在風(fēng)中相依

can't enjoy the co-existence.世界上最遠(yuǎn)的距離

So the most distant way in the world 不是樹枝無法相依

is not in the being separated branches.而是相互了望的星星 It is in the blinking stars 卻沒有交匯的軌跡

they can't burn the light.世界上最遠(yuǎn)的距離

So the most distant way in the world 不是星星之間的軌跡 is not the burning stars.而是縱然軌跡交匯

It is after the light 卻在瞬間無處尋覓

they can't be seen from afar.世界上最遠(yuǎn)的距離

So the most distant way in the world 不是瞬間便無處尋覓 is not the light that is fading away.而是尚未相遇

It is the coincidence of us 便注定無法相聚

is not supposed for the love.世界上最遠(yuǎn)的距離

So the most distant way in the world 是魚與飛鳥的距離

is the love between the fish and bird.一個(gè)在天

One is flying at the sky, 一個(gè)卻深潛海底

the other is looking upon into the sea.Who is using the arm of Qiu Jin, for us to put up a brilliant sky? Who is using the hard-working hands, happy for us to build a home? Are you, father, a great name but Ordinary!Father of a mountain, broad-minded, the father of rivers to accommodate an umbrella for us so that we stay away from disaster Father of a vessel, carrying us, brave the wind and waves, love towards the Harbor!In the eyes of his daughter, the father is more like you are leaning against a tree in spring can love you like fantasy Ganlu drop, moisten with my heart;Through the summer to enjoy your love, like bursts of breeze, the wind blowing softly beside him;Taught me to become ripe autumn, your love is to me is that the rich fruits of success Taught me to become a strong winter, you love the sun are continuously given me confidence and strength!

Spring, summer, autumn and winter, the sun traces of rotation time, quietly climbed up the wind and rain on your face honed, so that you can not forget the vicissitudes of war, you can not forget the scene earnest instructions, you sent her daughter to ride back to school is not to be forgotten, his daughter Late when your eyes can not forget the sad, sick daughter face up when you forget the worries of the scenes, the father and daughter is not to be forgotten......If the situation can be life-cycle the next life, I also make your daughter!

At this moment I just want to hear you say: Father, I love you!This is the voice of a daughter, the father of the world to wish his mother in good health!

是誰，用虬勁的臂膀，為我們撐起一片燦爛的天空？

是誰，用勤勞的雙手，為我們構(gòu)建一個(gè)幸福的家園？

是您，父親，一個(gè)平凡而又偉大的名字！

父親一座山，胸懷寬廣，容納百川；父親一把傘，為我們遮風(fēng)擋雨，使我們遠(yuǎn)離災(zāi)難

父親一艘船，載著我們，乘風(fēng)破浪，駛向愛的港灣！

在女兒的眼里，父親您更像是一棵樹春天能倚著幻想您的愛像滴滴甘露，滋潤著我的心房；

夏天能靠著乘涼您的愛像陣陣涼風(fēng)，輕輕地拂過身旁；

秋天教我變得成熟，您的愛是累累碩果讓我看到成功的希望

冬天教我變得堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，您的愛是縷縷陽光賦予我自信和力量！

春夏秋冬，日月輪轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)光的痕跡，悄悄爬上您的臉龐風(fēng)雨的磨礪，使您飽經(jīng)滄桑忘不了，您諄諄教導(dǎo)的情景忘不了，您騎車載送女兒上學(xué)的背影忘不了，女兒遲歸時(shí)您目光中的憂愁忘不了，女兒生病時(shí)您臉龐上的擔(dān)心忘不了的一幕幕，忘不了的父女情……如果生命可以輪回，來生我還做您的女兒！

此時(shí)此刻我只想在您耳邊說一句：爸爸，我愛您！這是一個(gè)女兒的心聲，祝愿天下的父親母親身體健康！

Saying Good-bye to Cambridge Again

--by Xu Zhimo

再別康橋 徐志摩

Very quietly I take my leave

As quietly as I came here;

Quietly I wave good-bye

To the rosy clouds in the western sky.The golden willows by the riverside

Are young brides in the setting sun;

Their reflections on the shimmering waves

Always linger in the depth of my heart.The floating heart growing in the sludge

Sways leisurely under the water;

In the gentle waves of Cambridge

I would be a water plant!

That pool under the shade of elm trees

Holds not water but the rainbow from the sky;

Shattered to pieces among the duckweeds

Is the sediment of a rainbow-like dream?

To seek a dream? Just to pole a boat upstream

To where the green grass is more verdant;

Or to have the boat fully loaded with starlight

And sing aloud in the splendor of starlight.But I cannot sing aloud

Quietness is my farewell music;

Even summer insects heap silence for me

Silent is Cambridge tonight!

Very quietly I take my leave

As quietly as I came here;

Gently I flick my sleeves

Not even a wisp of cloud will I bring away

Help:

Rosy: adj.薔薇色的, 玫瑰紅色的

Shimmering: adj.微微發(fā)亮的

Sludge: n.軟泥, 淤泥, 礦泥, 煤泥

Leisurely: adv.從容不迫

Duckweeds: n.[植] 浮萍

輕輕的我走了，正如我輕輕的來；

我輕輕的招手，作別西天的云彩。

那河畔的金柳，是夕陽中的新娘；

波光里的艷影，在我的心頭蕩漾。

軟泥上的青荇，油油的在水底招搖；

在康河的柔波里，我甘心做一條水草！

那榆蔭下的一潭，不是清泉，是天上虹

揉碎在浮藻間，沉淀著彩虹似的夢(mèng)。

尋夢(mèng)？撐一支長篙，向青草更青處漫溯，滿載一船星輝，在星輝斑斕里放歌。

但我不能放歌，悄悄是別離的笙簫；

夏蟲也為我沉默，沉默是今晚的康橋。

悄悄的我走了，正如我悄悄的來； 我揮一揮衣袖，不帶走一片云彩。

第四篇：六一兒童節(jié)英語詩歌

kids(who bring you a complete life)

When you have a kid

who you care so much

that anything he wants

comes before your own desires

When you have a kid

who is so much in need for your affection and understanding that

no matter what is bothering him

you're willing to do anything to make him smile

When you have a kid

who is so dependent on you that

no matter what obstacles you face

you have to be forever confident in front of him

giving him the sense of security

When you have a kid

whatever your goals are for your life

you're so willing to put him ahead before all your goals

sometimes even give up your dreams for his needs

but you'd consider yourself lucky indeed

being in love with someone in this wide world so deep

you try to make everything easy for him to grow up into a loving,strong adultThank god for giving me this chance

let me experience what love,giving,and voluntary sacrifice are all about

After all of the things I've done for him

who changed my whole world dramaticly

I come to understand what a complete life is like.magical kids.

第五篇：英語詩歌基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)

英詩基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)

讀英文詩歌相當(dāng)不容易。其中的主要原因是詩歌有其獨(dú)特的語言特點(diǎn)和表達(dá)方式，與散文有明顯區(qū)別。為更好地欣賞英文詩歌，很有必要了解一些相關(guān)的基本知識(shí)。這方面的知識(shí)極其細(xì)致，以下只介紹一些最基本的。

一.節(jié)奏

詩歌是具有音樂性的語言。音樂作品的最大特點(diǎn)之一是音符的流動(dòng)是有節(jié)奏的。所謂節(jié)奏就是強(qiáng)拍和弱拍按一定的形式配合起來，有規(guī)律地反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。懂點(diǎn)音樂的人都知道，音樂中基本的節(jié)奏有兩種，即強(qiáng)——弱（2/4拍）和強(qiáng)——弱——弱（3/4拍）。舉兩個(gè)簡單的例子：

《東方紅》的節(jié)奏就是強(qiáng)——弱：56│2 —│1 16│2 —│5 5│6i 65│1 16│2 —│

《新年好》（HAPPY NEW YEAR）這首兒歌的節(jié)奏是強(qiáng)——弱——弱：

1 5 │33 3 1│13 5 5 │43 2 │23 4 4 │32 3 1│13 2 5│ 72 1 —│

中國古詩有節(jié)奏。其節(jié)奏主要是通過漢字特有的聲 調(diào)表現(xiàn)出來的。傳統(tǒng)漢語中的聲調(diào)有四：平、上、去、入。平聲稱“平聲”，上、去、入三聲統(tǒng)稱仄聲。平聲與仄聲結(jié)合起來反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，就是中國詩歌的節(jié)奏。如一首五言絕句，其最常見的節(jié)奏是：

仄仄平平仄，平平仄仄平。

平平平仄仄，仄仄仄平平。

王之渙《等鸛雀樓》：

白日依山盡，黃河入海流。欲窮千里目，更上一層樓。

此詩即是這樣的節(jié)奏。其中“欲”字是仄聲，與格式不合。但根據(jù)格律要求，詩行中的第一字可平可 仄。

英文詩歌也有節(jié)奏。英文沒有平聲、仄聲之分，但有重讀輕讀音節(jié)之分，其節(jié)奏是通過重讀音節(jié)與輕讀音節(jié)表現(xiàn)出來的。一個(gè)重讀音節(jié)與一個(gè)或兩個(gè)輕讀音節(jié)按一定的模式搭配起來，有規(guī)律地反復(fù)出現(xiàn)就是英文詩歌的節(jié)奏。

我們知道凡是有兩個(gè)以上音節(jié)的英文單詞，都有重讀音節(jié)與輕讀音節(jié)之分，在一句話中，根據(jù)語法、語調(diào)、語意的要求，有些詞也要重讀，有些要輕讀。如he went to town to buy a book.I’m glad to hear the news.英文中有重讀和輕讀之分，重讀的音節(jié)和輕讀的音節(jié)，按一定模式配合起來，反復(fù)再現(xiàn)，組成詩句，聽起來起伏跌宕，抑揚(yáng)頓挫，就形成了詩歌的節(jié)奏。多音節(jié)單詞有重音和次重音，次重音根據(jù)節(jié)奏既可視為重讀，也可視為輕讀。讀下面這兩句詩：

Alone │she cuts │and binds│ the grain，And sings │a me│lancho│ly strain.這兩行詩的重讀與輕讀的固定搭配模式是：輕—重。在每行中再現(xiàn)四次，這樣就形成了這兩行詩的節(jié)奏。某種固定的輕重搭配叫“音步”（foot），相當(dāng)與樂譜中的“小節(jié)”。一輕一重，就是這兩行詩的音步。一行詩中輕重搭配出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)叫音步數(shù)，這兩行詩的音步數(shù)都是四，所以就稱其為四音步詩。

二.常見的音步類型

分析英文詩歌的格律就是將它的句子劃分成音步，并分清是何種音步及音步的數(shù)量。這個(gè)過程稱為scansion。一個(gè)音步的音節(jié)數(shù)量可能為兩個(gè)或三個(gè)音節(jié)，但不能少于兩個(gè)或多于三個(gè)音節(jié)，而且其中只有一個(gè)必須重讀。根據(jù)音步的數(shù)量，每一行一個(gè)音步的稱為“單音步”(monometer)；每一詩行有兩個(gè)音步的，稱“雙音步”(dimeter)；三個(gè)音步的，稱“三音步”(trimeter)；此外還有四音步(tetrameter）、五音步、(pentameter)、六音步(hexameter)、七音步(heptameter)、八音步(octometer)。1.一首詩（a poem）往往包含有若干詩節(jié)（stanza或strophe），每節(jié)又分為若干行（line 或verse），每個(gè)詩行由若干音步（foot）組成，音步則是由一定數(shù)目的重讀音節(jié)和非重讀音節(jié)按照一定規(guī)律排列而成。

音步的排列方式構(gòu)成英詩的格律（meter 或 measure）。

詩的各行音步數(shù)目不定，詩行按音步數(shù)量分為以下幾種：(淺說： P 2)一音步（monometer）二音步（dimeter）三音步（trimeter）四音步（tetrameter）五音步（pentameter）六音步（hexameter）七音步（heptameter）八音步（octameter）

超過八音步的詩行在英語詩歌中較為少見。

2.依照每一音步中重讀音節(jié)（揚(yáng)）和非重讀音節(jié)（抑）的排列方式，可以把音步分成不同種類，即格律。(See淺說P.4)a)抑揚(yáng)格（Iambus;the Iambic Foot）：一個(gè)音步由

一個(gè)非重讀音節(jié)加上一個(gè)重讀音節(jié)構(gòu)成。

b)b)揚(yáng)抑格（Trochee;the Trochaic Foot）：一個(gè)音步由一個(gè)重讀音節(jié)加上一個(gè)非重讀音節(jié)構(gòu)成。c)揚(yáng)抑抑格（Dactyl）：一個(gè)音步由一個(gè)重讀音節(jié)加上兩個(gè)非重讀音節(jié)構(gòu)成。

d)抑抑揚(yáng)格（Anapest;the Anapestic Foot）：一個(gè)音步由兩個(gè)非重讀音節(jié)加上一個(gè)重讀音節(jié)構(gòu)成。

不常見的幾種格律

e)抑揚(yáng)抑格（Amphibrach;the Amphibrachy Foot）：一個(gè)音步由三個(gè)音節(jié)組成，其中第一、三個(gè)音節(jié)為非重讀音節(jié)，第二個(gè)音節(jié)為重讀音節(jié)。

f)揚(yáng)揚(yáng)格（Spondee）：一個(gè)音步由兩個(gè)重讀音節(jié)構(gòu)成。g)抑抑格（Pyrrhic）：一個(gè)音步由兩個(gè)非重讀音節(jié)構(gòu)成。

3.音步也有完整和不完整之分。詩行中每個(gè)音步的格律都相同，則為完整音步（actalectic foot）；如果詩行最末一個(gè)音步缺少一個(gè)音節(jié)，則為不完整音步（cactalectic）。

4.音步的數(shù)目與格律結(jié)合起來，又可進(jìn)一步細(xì)分為許 多小類，如抑揚(yáng)格一音步（iambic monometer），揚(yáng)抑格一音步（trochaic monometer），抑抑揚(yáng)格三音步（anapestic trimeter），揚(yáng)抑格四音步（trochaic tetrameter），抑揚(yáng)格五音步（iambic pentameter），揚(yáng)抑格六音步（trochaic hexameter）等。

從音步數(shù)目上看，三音步、四音步和五音步最為常見，尤其是抑揚(yáng)格五抑，如十四行詩體（sonnet）、英雄雙行體（heroic couplet）、素體詩或無韻詩（blank verse）等均以抑揚(yáng)格五音步的詩行寫成。

音步是輕讀與重讀構(gòu)成的。根據(jù)重讀與輕讀搭配的方式的不同，可以劃分出不同的音步類型。音步類型不同，節(jié)奏自然也不同。四種最常見的英語詩歌音步類型 / 格律:

先說關(guān)于音節(jié)的劃分

英語中音節(jié)的劃分非常簡單：輔音（類似于漢語中的聲母）不能單獨(dú)構(gòu)成音節(jié)，元音（類似于漢語中的韻母）卻可以。在一個(gè)詞中,有幾個(gè)元音音素 有幾個(gè)元音音素(不是元音字母),就有幾個(gè)音節(jié)。

一般說來，元音可以構(gòu)成音節(jié)，輔音不響亮，不能構(gòu)成音節(jié)。但英語輔音字母中有 4 個(gè)輔音[m]，[n]，[ng]，[l]是響音，它們和輔音音素結(jié)合，也可構(gòu)成音節(jié)。它們構(gòu)成的音節(jié)往往出現(xiàn)在詞尾，一般是非重讀音節(jié)。

英語的詞有一個(gè)音節(jié)的，兩個(gè)音節(jié)的，多個(gè)音節(jié)的，一個(gè)音節(jié)叫單音節(jié)，兩個(gè)音節(jié)叫雙音節(jié)，三個(gè)音節(jié)以上叫多音節(jié)。

劃分音節(jié)需要注意幾點(diǎn)：

（1）2個(gè)輔音連在一起的時(shí)候視為一個(gè)輔音對(duì)待，如果第二輔音后還有元音則把第二個(gè)輔音計(jì)入到下一個(gè)音節(jié)中；（2）2個(gè)元音連在一起的時(shí)候視為一個(gè)元音（多元音），當(dāng)然視之為2個(gè)元音也是沒錯(cuò)的，只不過習(xí)慣于當(dāng)成一個(gè)來處理。所以，一般來講，兩個(gè)輔音之間不管有多少元音，都看成一個(gè)音節(jié)，如flower。

（一）抑揚(yáng)格

如果一個(gè)音步中有兩個(gè)音節(jié)，前者為輕，后者為重，則這種音步叫抑揚(yáng)格音步，其專業(yè)術(shù)語是（iamb, iambic.）。輕讀是“抑”，重讀是“揚(yáng)”，一輕一重，故稱抑揚(yáng)格。

英語中有大量的單詞，其發(fā)音都是一輕一重，如adore, excite, above, around, appear, besides, attack, supply, believe, return等，所以用英語寫詩，用抑揚(yáng)格就很便利。也就是說，抑揚(yáng)格很符合英語的發(fā)音規(guī)律。因此，在英文詩歌中用得最多的便是抑揚(yáng)格，百分之九十的英文詩都是用抑揚(yáng)格寫成的。前面的那兩句詩就是抑揚(yáng)格詩。

（二）揚(yáng)抑格

如果一個(gè)音步中有兩個(gè)音節(jié)，前者為重，后者為輕，則這種音步叫揚(yáng)抑格音步，其專業(yè)術(shù)語是（trochee, trochaic.）。重讀是“揚(yáng)”，輕讀是“抑”，一重一輕，故稱揚(yáng)抑格。與抑揚(yáng)格恰好相反。

英語中也有一批其讀音為一重一輕的單詞，如Happy, many, holy, yonder, headlong, flaming, upper, grandeur, failing等。寫揚(yáng)抑格的詩，此類詞正好合適。但這類詞在英語中其數(shù)量不及前面的那些多，與英文的語言規(guī)律 不十分吻合，所以揚(yáng)抑格詩不多。舉兩句詩例：

Present │mirth has │present │laughter

_____ Shakespeare

Shake your │chains to │earth like │dew

______Shelley

（三）抑抑揚(yáng)格

抑抑揚(yáng)格含三個(gè)音節(jié)，即輕——輕——重，專門

術(shù)語是：Anapaest, anapaestic

例詞：

cavalier, intercede, disbelieve, reappear, disapprove，indistinct, on the hill.例句：

(拜倫的以下四行詩是抑抑揚(yáng)格：)

The Assyr│ian came down │like the wolf │on the fold，And his coh│orts were glea│ming in purp│le and gold;

And the sheen│ of their spears │was like stars │on the

sea，When the blue │waves rolls night│ly on deep │Galilee.——Destruction of Sennacherib

這是拜倫寫的描述古代亞述人圍攻耶路撒冷，被瘟疫所襲的詩的一節(jié)。第四行第二音步中的waves 一詞可 輕可重。詩題中的Sennacherib 是亞述國王。fold 指羊群，purple and gold 描寫亞述軍隊(duì)的服飾，Galilee，巴勒斯坦北部的加利利湖。cohorts軍團(tuán)，sheen，光芒。

（四）揚(yáng)抑抑格

重——輕——輕是揚(yáng)抑抑格，專門術(shù)語是：dactyl, dactylic.例詞：

happily, merciful, eloquent, messenger, merrily，properly, accident, quantity.例句：

Dragging the │corn by her │golden hair._____ Davies: the villain.英文詩歌中的音步類型有十幾種之多，常見者即此四種，第一種則最常見。此外詩句中也常有抑抑格（pyrrhic[/peirik]和揚(yáng)揚(yáng)格(spondee[/sp :ndi])出現(xiàn)。

需要說明的是，這些音步類型只是理論上的分析，實(shí)際上，一首詩僅用一種音步類型寫，這種情況極少見，大多是以某一種為主，同時(shí)穿插其他類型。如果一首詩只含有一種音步，就會(huì)顯得非常單調(diào)機(jī)械。一首詩只要是以某種類型為主的，盡管有其他類型穿插其中，也稱此詩為某某格。如，以抑揚(yáng)格為主要節(jié)奏寫成的，就稱此詩為抑揚(yáng)格詩?，F(xiàn)代興起的一些自由詩（FREE VERSE），不受這些格律的限制。

三.詩行

（一）一詩行不一定是一個(gè)完整的句字。

英文詩每行的第一個(gè)字母都大寫，但是一詩行不一定是一個(gè)完整的句子，不一定能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思。有時(shí)候，一行詩正好是一句，有時(shí)兩行甚至許多行才構(gòu)成一個(gè)意思完整的句子。前者叫end-stopped line（結(jié)句行），后者叫run-on line.（跨行句）。這是英文詩與中國詩的最大區(qū)別之一。中國詩歌都是一行表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思?？聪旅嬉还?jié)詩：

I shot an arrow into the air，It fell to earth, I knew not where;

For, so swiftly it flew, the sight

Could not follow it in its flight.前兩行是end-stopped line，后兩行是run-on line。讀跨行句詩，行末停頓較短。

跨行句在英文詩歌中極其普遍，有時(shí)十來行才成一完整句子。剛學(xué)英文詩的人，對(duì)此往往不習(xí)慣。對(duì)此我們需加注意。

（二）詩行的長短以音步數(shù)目計(jì)算：

英文詩行的長度范圍一般是一音步—五音步。六、七、八音步的詩行也有，但不多。最多的是四音步、五音步的詩。

(各種長短詩行的專門術(shù)語：一音步詩：monometer 二音步詩：dimeter三音步詩：trimeter四音步詩：tetrameter 五音步詩：pentameter 六音步詩：hexameter 七音步詩：heptameter八音步詩：octameter.）

在分析一首詩的格律時(shí)，既要考慮此詩的基本音步類型，也要考慮此詩中詩行的音步數(shù)目?？聪旅娴囊皇锥淘姡?/p>

An EMPTY HOUSE

______Alexander Pope

You beat│your pate, │and fan│cy wit │will come:

Knock as│you please, │there’s no│body│at home.（你拍拍腦袋，以為靈感馬上就來。可任你怎么敲打，也無人把門打開。pate，腦袋。fancy，動(dòng)詞：以為，想象。）

此詩的基本音步類型是抑揚(yáng)格，每行五音步。因此稱此詩的格律是“抑揚(yáng)格五音步”（iambic pentameter）。一首詩的音步類型和詩行所含的音步數(shù)目構(gòu)成此詩的格律（meter）。

四.壓韻（rhyme）

英文詩一般都押韻。

（一）全韻與半韻（full rhyme and half rhyme）。

全韻是嚴(yán)格的押韻，其要求是：

（1）韻要押在重讀音節(jié)上，其元音應(yīng)相同；

（2）元音前的輔音應(yīng)不同；

（3）如果元音之后有輔音，應(yīng)相同。

（4）重讀音節(jié)之后如有輕讀音節(jié)，也應(yīng)相同。

下面幾對(duì)詞都符合全韻的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：

why---sigh;hate---late;fight---delight;powers---flowers;today---away;ending---bending.***如果僅是元音字母相同，讀音不同，不符合全韻：如:

blood----hood;there---here;gone---alone;daughter----laughter.這種情形被稱為“眼韻”（eye rhyme），雖然詩人有時(shí)用之，但不是真正的押韻。僅是輔音相同或僅是元音相同的屬半韻：

元音不同，其前后的輔音相同，這叫諧輔韻（consonance）如：black, block;creak, croak;reader, rider;despise, dispose.元音相同，其后的輔音相同者叫諧元韻（assonance），如lake, fate;time, mind.（二）尾韻與行內(nèi)韻(end rhyme and internal rhyme)

押在詩行最后一個(gè)重讀音節(jié)上，叫尾韻。這是英文詩歌最常見的押韻部位。詩行中間停頓處 的重讀音節(jié)與該行最后一個(gè)重讀音節(jié)押韻者，叫行內(nèi)韻。如：

Spring, the sweet spring, is the year’s pleasant king;

Then blooms each thing, then maids dance in a ring，(三）男韻與女韻((masculine rhyme and feminine rhyme)

所押的韻音局限于詩行中重讀的末尾音節(jié)上，稱 男韻，也叫單韻，聽起來強(qiáng)勁有力。如：late，fate;hill, fill;enjoy, destroy.押韻押在兩個(gè)音節(jié)上，后一音節(jié)非重讀音節(jié)，稱女韻，也叫雙韻，聽起來或輕快，或幽婉。

如：lighting, fighting;motion, ocean;wining, beginning.看下面一節(jié)詩：

I am coming, little maiden，With the pleasant sunshine laden;

With the honey for the bee，With the blossom for the tree.前兩行押女韻，后兩行押男韻。

也有不少英文詩是不押韻的，不押韻的詩稱無韻詩或白體詩（blank verse）。多用在戲劇和敘事詩中。莎士比亞的戲劇和彌爾頓的Paradise Lost 都是用blank verse寫成的。押韻的詩叫rhymed verse。無韻詩不同與自由詩。無韻詩雖不押韻，但是有固定節(jié)奏，以揚(yáng)抑格五音步最常見。自由詩節(jié)奏不固定，如同白話。