第一篇：新世紀大學英語3期末考試句子翻譯by vivian

1.According to the classical views, virtuous friends are bound together, as they recognize each other’s moral excellence.這些傳統(tǒng)的友誼觀告訴我們,兩個品德高尚的朋友是永不分離的,因為彼此認同對方的高尚品德

2.That is why they fall in and out of friendship quickly, changing their attitude often, even within the same day.他們的情趣隨著自己日漸成長也會變化無常，甚至一日數(shù)變,難怪他們的友誼總是迅速地開始,又匆匆地結束, 3.Perfect friendship is based on goodness, only the friendship of those who are good, and similar in their goodness, is perfect.完美的友誼立足于美德.只有那些品德高尚而且擁有相似美德的人之間的友誼才是完美的,4.They take pleasure in each other’s company only in so far as they have hopes of advantage from it.只有當他們認為彼此有希望相互利用的時候,才會樂于呆在一起.5.Through networks of such virtuous friends, we can develop a shared idea of the good and pursue it together.Friendship of this kind is permanent, because in it are united all the attributes that friends ought to possess..置身于品德高尚的朋友之中,我們會對美德達成共識,共同為之不遺余力.這樣的友誼是永恒的,因為朋友應該具備的一切品質都凝結在這種友誼關系中.6.In one sense, what people most want is respect, they seek economic status because it brings respect.But we can increase or decrease the weight we give to status.在某種意義上，人們最渴望的是尊重。他們追求經(jīng)濟地位因為它可以贏來尊重。但是，我們可以重視也可以輕視經(jīng)濟地位

7.What is the smallest amount of money a family of four needs to get along in this

community? 一個四口之家至少需要多少錢才能在這個國家生活下去？

8.The danger is that we sacrifice relationships too much in pursuit of higher income.9.The balance between leisure and work has been shifted “inefficiently” towards work.當休閑與工作的天平偏向工作時，工作是“沒有效率”的.10.It is a zero-sum game: private life sacrificed in order to increase status is a waste

from the point of view of society as a whole.這是一種得失平衡的游戲：從整個社會看，為了提高地位而犧牲個人的生活，是一種浪費。

11.A peculiarly honest answer came out of my mouth before I could think.我不假思

索

12.They cannot sit passively in the back row twiddling their mental thumbs as the clock

ticks away.他們不能坐在后排座位上，無所事事地打發(fā)時光。13.I am in favor of less learning taking place on a campus and more that happens in the

minds of the participants.我也認為教育應該比較少地在校園里開展，而更多地應該在參與者的腦子里進行。

14.The virtual university: Oddly enough, it’s just what a classical philosopher like Plato would have practiced — had there been an Internet way back then.說也奇怪，虛擬大學興許正是柏拉圖這樣的古典哲學家喜歡授課的地方——假如他那個時期有因特網(wǎng)的話。你問我本人的意見？我也認為教育應該

比較少地在校園里開展，而更多地應該在參與者的腦子里進行。

15.Maybe teaching a liberal arts curriculum via a virtual environment makes more sense

to me because it brings me back to what I learned to be a true liberal arts education.或許，在虛擬環(huán)境下教大學文科課程對我來說特別有意義，因為它可以追溯到我當年所了解到的真正的大學文科教育。

16.Being able to dream is the first step on every road to success, he was driven not only

to be the best but always to do his best---always.但是，夢想是通向成功的第一步，他有強大的動力，不僅要成為最優(yōu)秀的，還要永遠全力

hape, both young women clung to it courageously and worked to make it come true.這

兩個年輕的女子，一旦擁有夢想，就鍥而不舍勇敢的追求，為實現(xiàn)夢想不遺余力 18.In the Olympics — in everything — luck strikes those prepared to capitalize on it.在奧運會上----在任何情況下---好運只會光顧那些做好準備迎接好運的人

19.Month after month, year after year, Olympians I know go through a grind of pointing

toward their big moment.我所了解的運動選手，為了那個輝煌的時刻，日復一日，年復一年的埋頭苦干

20.I’ve seen dozens of young men and women like Kristi who reached deep into

themselves at a critical moment and found something that brought out their best.They mounted the winners’ stand not simply because of athletic talent but because of firm inner fiber.我目睹了許多像克里斯蒂這樣的年輕男女運動員：他們在關鍵的時候能夠挖掘自身，找到發(fā)揮潛能的力量，他們登上領獎臺，不但是因為運動才能，還因為他們內在的不屈不撓的意志

第二篇：期末考試新世紀高職高專英語完形填空及翻譯（精選）

高職高專英語1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、1、2、3、4、5、every month6、7、8、9、翻譯：Unit 1.1，我極想知道他去過哪些地方。（be dying to）I amdying to know where he has been to.2,存貨雞蛋都賣完了。（sell out）The eggs in stock are sold out。

3.在走紅之前，他大約在20部影片中露過面。（land the big break）He had appeared in about 20 films beforelanding thebig break.4.上大學是我人生重要的轉折點。（turning point）Going to college is becoming a turning point in my life。5，那艘被遺棄的的船在海上漫無目的地漂流。（abandon）The ship abandonedfloated aimlessly on the sea、6.Jane和David一起去了購物廣場。（along with）Jane went along with David to the shopping mall.7.除了Tom之外，大家都通過了數(shù)學考試。（exception）All of us passed the math exam with theexception ofTom。8，把你所想的確切說出來.(definitely)

Speak out definitely what you are thinkingabout.Unit 2

1,企圖損人利己的人不會有好下場。（at the expense of）

Thosewho try to profit at the expense of others will come to no good end。

2，她總是一心想著自己的幸福。（be preoccupied with）She is always preoccupied with her personal well——being 3,請不要把你的意志強加給我。（impose。。On）Please don't try to impose your wishes on us。

4,這位母親有5個幼小的小孩需要照管.(on one's hands)The mother has five young children on her hands,5,這所學校注重學生獨立解決問題的能力。（put emphasis on）

This school puts emphasis on students' ability to solve problems independently。Unit 3

1，他們在地里干了一整天的活，累得疲憊不堪。（wear out）They were worn out after a long day working in the field。2你認為這位新經(jīng)理怎么樣？（make of）What do you make of the new manager ？

3政府的首要任務是著手解決經(jīng)濟問題。（come to grips with）The governments’first task is to come to grips with the economy。4，他們的婚姻終于破裂了。（fall apart）Their marriage finally fall apart。

5，我記得我見過他，可就是想不起他的樣子了。（visualize）I

6，這家公司打算挖開兩座山的山坡采煤。（envision）Unit 4

1，該系列講座可自然分為三部分。（fall into）The lecture series falls naturally into three parts。2，這幅畫無疑是真品。（undoubtedly）The painting is undoubtedly genuine。3，該公路與鐵路平行。（in parallel with）The roads runs in parallel with the railway。4，這種建筑風格起源于古希臘。（originate）

This style of architecture originated with the ancient greek。5，在裝修房間時，我們保留了原有的壁爐。（retain）We retained the original fireplace when we decorate。6，這些建筑物和周圍的自然景物相融合。（integrate）The building are well integrated with the landscape。Unit 5

1，汽車銷售是份艱辛的工作，但那是我的生機，（bread and butter）Selling cars is hard work but it is my bread and butter。2，這幾天地毯供不應求。（fall short of）

The supply of carpets fall short of demand these days。3，導游叫我們過去看看那幅畫。（beckon sb to）The tour guide beckon us over to look at the painting。4.Mary 錯誤的認為她會獲得那份工作。（assume）Mary mistakenlyassumed that she would get that job。5.Mike 從父母那里繼承了一大筆錢。（considerable）

Mike inherited a considerable amount of money from his parents。6，在這關鍵時刻，他卻保持沉默。（crucial）He kept silence at this crucial moment。

7，這份文件授權我的律師處理我的一切法律事宜。（entitle）This paper entitles my lawyer to handle all my legal。8，該囚犯刑滿釋放出獄。（release）

The prisoner was released from jail when his sentence was up。

第三篇：新世紀大學英語二全文翻譯

新世紀大學英語綜合教程2UNIT1、2、4翻譯

我原諒你

并非只有婚姻關系才需要寬恕。我們與子女、朋友、同事、鄰居。甚至陌生人相處時同樣需要寬恕。事實上，沒有寬恕的氧氣。任何人際關系都無從維系。寬恕并不是脾氣好的人們才擁有的特質，它是所有關系的必要條件，也是自己身心健康不可缺少的。、有些人可能認為自己受傷太深、次數(shù)太多，無法寬恕、可耐人尋味的是，恰恰是被傷得最深的人，才真正需要寬恕別人。原因很簡單：仇恨就像癌癥。會毀掉宿主。如果不盡快鏟除。它就會生根發(fā)芽，是那些執(zhí)意仇恨無法釋懷的人受傷甚至死亡。

因為事實是。除非我們能寬恕他人，否則就永遠無法恢復。傷口會繼續(xù)潰爛，永不愈合。中國有句古諺，“復仇者必自絕”

對有些人來說。寬恕他人似乎是不可能的，因為他們根本不知從何做起，首先你要接受一個非常重要的事實：他人并不是件容易的事。事實上，對于我們大多數(shù)人來說。這也許是最難做到的。

被傷害的是我們，卻還要寬恕他人，這似乎毫無公平可言。然而這正是寬恕的關鍵所在。看見東西的三天

大家都讀過一些令人激動的故事，這些故事里的主人公僅僅活在有限并且特定的時間內，有時長達一年，有時短到24小時。但我們總是有興趣發(fā)現(xiàn)。那命中注定要死的是那些有選擇自由的人，而不是那些活動范圍被嚴格限定了的判了刑的犯人。

這樣的故事讓我們思考，在相似的情況下，我們該怎么辦，作為終有一死的人。在那最終的幾個小時內安排什么事件，什么經(jīng)歷，什么交往？在回顧往事時，我們該找到什么快樂？什么悔恨？

有時我想到。過好每一天是個非常好的習慣。似乎我們明天就會死去。這種態(tài)度鮮明地強調了生命的價值。我們應該以優(yōu)雅、精力充沛、善知樂趣的方式過好每一天。而當歲月推移，在經(jīng)常瞻觀未來之時日，未來之年月中，這些又常常失去。當然也有人愿按伊壁鳩魯?shù)男艞l“吃、喝和歡樂”去生活，但絕大多數(shù)人還是被即將面臨死亡的必然性所折磨。

但是我們大多數(shù)人把生活認為是理所當然的。我們知道，某一天我們一定會死，但通常我們把那天想象在遙遠的將來。當我們心寬體健時，死亡幾乎是不可想象的，我們很少想到它、時日在無窮的展望中延展著。于是我們干著瑣碎的事情，幾乎意識不到我們對生活的倦怠態(tài)度。

恐怕，同倦的懶散也成為利用我們所有的感覺和本能的特點，只有聾子才珍惜聽力，唯有瞎子才體會到能看見事物的種種幸福、這種結論特別適合于那些在成年階段失去視力和聽力的人們。而那些從沒有遭受視覺或聽覺損傷之苦的人卻很少充分利用這些天賜的官能。他們模模糊糊的眼觀八方，耳聽各音，毫無重點，不會鑒賞，還是那相同的老話，對我們的健康意識不到，直至生病時。

我常常想。如果每個人在他成年的早期有一段致瞎致聾，那會是一種幸事，黑暗會使他更珍惜視力，寂靜會教導他享受聲音。

我不時的詢問過我的能看見東西的朋友們，以了解他們看到什么。最近，我的一個很好的朋友來看我。她剛從一片森林里散步許久回來，我問她看到了什么，她答道：“沒什么特別的”。如果我不是習慣了聽到這種回答。我都可能不相信，因為很久以來我已確信這種情況：能看到的人卻看不到什么。我獨自一人，在林子里散步一小時之久而沒有看到任何值得注意的東西。那怎么可能呢？我自己、一個不能看見東西的人，僅僅通過觸覺，都發(fā)現(xiàn)許許多多令我有興趣的東西。我感觸到一片樹葉完美的對稱性。我用手喜愛的撫摸過一株白樺那光潮的樹皮，或一棵松樹的粗糙樹皮。春天，我摸著樹干的枝條滿懷希望地搜索著嫩芽，那是嚴冬的沉睡后，大自然蘇醒的

第一個跡象。我撫摸過花朵那令人愉快的天鵝絨般的質地，感覺到他那奇妙的卷繞，一些大自然奇跡向我展現(xiàn)了。有時，如果我很幸運，我把手輕輕地放在一棵小樹上，還能感受到一只高聲歌唱的小鳥的愉快呢顫抖、我十分快樂的讓小溪澗的涼水穿過我張開的手指流淌過去、對我來說，一片茂密的地毯式的松針葉或松軟而富彈性的草地比最豪華的波斯地毯更受歡迎、對我來說四季的壯觀而華麗的展示是一部令人激動的、無窮盡的戲劇。這部戲劇的表演，通過我的手指尖端涌淌出來。

有時，由于渴望能看見這一切東西。我的內心在哭泣。如果說僅憑我的觸覺我就能感受到這么多的愉快。那么憑視覺該有多少美麗的東西顯露出來。然而，那些能看見的人明顯的看得很少，充滿世間的色彩和動作的景象被當成理所當然、或許。這是人性共有的特點。對我們具有的不怎么欣賞。而對我們不具有的卻渴望得到，然而，這是一個極大地遺憾，在光明的世界里，視力的天賦僅僅作為一種方便之用，而沒有作為增添生活美滿的手段。啊，如果我要有哪怕3天的視力。多少事我該看??！

選擇樂觀

作者：里奇·德沃斯

①假如你預料某事結局不妙，結果可能真會如此。悲觀的想法很少落空。不過這個法則反過來也成立。假如你覺得會有好事發(fā)生，通常就會交上好運！樂觀與成功之間似乎有一種天然的因果關系。

②樂觀和悲觀都具有強大的力量，我們每個人必須選擇其一，來塑造自己的前途和理想。每個人的生命中都有足夠的幸運與不幸——豐富的哀傷和喜悅、充足的歡欣與痛苦——令我們找到或樂觀或悲觀的理由。我們可以選擇哭或是笑、祝?；蚴窃{咒。這完全取決于我們自己：用什么樣的眼光去看待生活？是積極向上，還是垂頭喪氣？

③我信守積極向上的態(tài)度。對積極的東西我濃墨重彩，對消極的東西則一筆帶過。我是樂天派，既是天生如此，也因后天選擇所致。誠然，我知道生命中會有傷痛。我已經(jīng)七十多歲了，經(jīng)歷過不止一次的危機。但是，當一切塵埃落定，我發(fā)現(xiàn)生命中的美好遠比丑惡多。

④樂觀的態(tài)度不是奢侈品，它是我們生活的必需品。你看待生活的方式將決定你的感受、你的表現(xiàn)，以及你與他人相處得怎樣。反過來，悲觀的想法、態(tài)度和期待也會自成因 果：它們是能自我實現(xiàn)的預言。

悲觀會制造出無人愿往的黑暗之地。

⑤多年前，我驅車去一個加油站加油。那天天氣很好，我的心情也不錯。當我走進加油站付油錢時，服務員問我： “你感覺怎樣？”這問題有點古怪，不過，我感覺很好，于是便照實回答了他。“你臉色不好，”他回答。這話讓我大吃一驚。我告訴他我的感覺從未像現(xiàn)在這么好，但已不像開始那么底氣十足了，而他則毫無顧忌地繼續(xù)大講我的氣色如何 差，還說我膚色發(fā)黃。

⑥在離開加油站的時候，我覺得有點心神不寧。駛出一個街區(qū)之后，我把車停在路旁，對著鏡子看著自己的臉。我感覺如何？我的臉色那么差嗎？一切都正常嗎？等我回到家里，我已經(jīng)開始覺得有點想吐。我的肝臟出了毛病嗎？是不是染上了什么怪?。?/p>

⑦再次光顧那個加油站時，我還是感覺很好，我弄明白了個中蹊蹺。這個地方不久前把墻漆上了一種搶眼但又難看的黃色，墻面反射的光線使里面的每一個人看起來都像得了肝炎。不知道有多少人有過與我類似的反應。和一個根本不認識的人的一次短短對話竟然改變了我整整一天的心情。他說我面帶病容，沒過多久，我就真的覺得不舒服。那一句消極的話就大大影響了我的感覺和行為。

⑧唯一比否定態(tài)度更有力量的是積極的肯定，充滿樂觀與希望的話語。最讓我心存感激的一件事情，就是我生長的這個國度有著偉大的樂觀主義傳統(tǒng)。如果一種文化從整體上采取積極向上的態(tài)度，不可思議的事情也能變成現(xiàn)實。人們若把世界看作光明與希望之地，他們將被賦予努力進取和成就功業(yè)的力量。

⑨樂觀不意味著幼稚。在保持樂觀的同時，你仍然能意識到問題的存在，意識到有些問題非常棘手。樂觀帶來的改變在于面對問題的態(tài)度。比方說，這些年我總是聽到有人抱怨用于太空計劃的錢是被白白浪費了。他們會說：“與其花4億5千5百萬美元把一個人送上月球，為什么不把這些錢用來解決地球上的貧窮問題呢？”但當你追問他們打算如何用這些錢來消除貧困時，大多數(shù)人又會無言以對。我對他們說： “告訴我一個解決辦法，我會為你們籌到錢?！币苑e極的方式思考如何解決問題，而不是對花在別的項目上的金錢妄加挑剔。實際上，美國的太空計劃帶來了許多有價值的發(fā)現(xiàn)，全人類都從中受益。

⑩樂觀精神使我們的注意力從消極的否定態(tài)度轉向積極 的、建設性的思考。樂觀主義者更關心如何解決問題，而不是毫無意義地怨天尤人。事實上，如果沒有樂觀精神，像貧窮這樣嚴重而且現(xiàn)正存在的問題是無望解決的。解決這樣的問題需要一個夢想家——一個擁有九死不悔的樂觀、矢志不移的堅韌和無限信心的人。何去何從，由你決定。

2-2

Three Days to See

All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live.Sometimes it was as long as a year;sometimes as short as twenty-four hours.But always we were interested in discovering just how the doomed man chose to spend his last days or his last hours.I speak, of course, of free men who have a choice, not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited.Such stories set us thinking, wondering what we should do under similar circumstances.What events, what experiences, what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings? What happiness should we find in reviewing the past, what regrets?

Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow.Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life.We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come.There are those, of course, who would adopt the Epicurean motto of “Eat, drink, and be merry,” but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death

Most of us, however, take life for granted.We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future.When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable.We seldom think of it.The days stretch out in an endless vista.So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life.The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use of all our faculties and senses.Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight.Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life.But those who have never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom make

the fullest use of these blessed faculties.Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration and with little appreciation.It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill.I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life.Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight;silence would tech him the joys of sound.Now and them I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see.Recently I was visited by a very good friends who had just returned from a long walk in the woods, and I asked her what she had observed..“Nothing in particular, ” she replied.I might have been incredulous had I not been accustomed to such reposes, for long ago I became convinced

that the seeing see little.How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me

through mere touch.I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf.I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough, shaggy bark of a pine.In the spring I touch the

branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter's sleep.I feel the delightful, velvety texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions;and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me.Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel the happy

quiver of a bird in full song.I am delighted to have the cool waters of a brook rush thought my open finger.To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is more welcome than the most luxurious Persian rug.To me the page ant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips.At times my heart cries out with longing to see all these things.If I can get so much pleasure from mere touch, how much more beauty must be revealed by sight.Yet, those who have eyes apparently see little.the panorama of color and action which fills the world is taken for granted.It is human, perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, but it is a great pity that in the world of light the gift of sight is used only as a mere conveniences rather than as a means of adding fullness to life.Oh, the things that I should see if I had the power of sight for three days.看見東西的三天

海倫?凱勒

------------------

我們大家都讀過一些令人激動的故事，這些故事里的主人公僅僅活在有限并且特定的時間內，有時長達一年，有時短到２４小時。但我們總是有興趣發(fā)現(xiàn)，那命中注定要死的是那些有選擇自由的人，而不是那些活動范圍被嚴格限定了的判了刑的犯人。

這樣的故事讓我們思考，在相似的情況下，我們該怎么辦，作為終有一死的人，在那最

終的幾個小時內安排什么事件，什么經(jīng)歷，什么交往？在回顧往事時，我們該找到什么快樂？什么悔恨？

有時我想到，過好每一天是個非常好的習慣，似乎我們明天就會死去。這種態(tài)度鮮明地強調了生命的價值。我們應該以優(yōu)雅、精力充沛、善知樂趣的方式過好每一天。而當歲月推移，在經(jīng)常瞻觀未來之時日、未來之年月中，這些又常常失去。當然，也有人愿按伊壁鳩魯?shù)男艞l“吃、喝和歡樂”去生活。（譯注：伊壁鳩魯是古希臘哲學家，他認為生活的主題目的是享樂，而最高的享受唯通過合理的生活，如自我控制才能得到。因為生活享受的目的被過分強調，而達此目的之手段被忽視，所以伊壁鳩魯?shù)男磐浆F(xiàn)今變?yōu)樽非笙順返娜?。他們的信條是：“讓我們吃喝，因為明天我們就死亡”），但絕大多數(shù)人還是被即將面臨死亡的必然性所折磨。

但是，我們大多數(shù)人把生活認為是理所當然的。我們知道，某一天我們一定會死，但通常我們把那天想象在遙遠的將來。當我們心寬體健時，死亡幾乎是不可想象的，我們很少想到它。時日在無窮的展望中延展著，于是我們干著瑣碎的事情，幾乎意識不到我們對生活的倦怠態(tài)度。

恐怕，同倦的懶散也成為利用我們所有的本能和感覺的特點。只有聾子才珍惜聽力，唯有瞎子才體會到能看見事物的種種幸福，這種結論特別適合于那些在成年階段失去視力和聽力的人們，而那些從沒有遭受視覺或聽覺損傷之苦的人卻很少充分利用這些天賜的官能。他們模模糊糊地眼觀八方，耳聽各音，毫無重點，不會鑒賞，還是那相同的老話，對我們所有的官能不知珍惜，直至失去它，對我們的健康意識不到，直至生病時。

我常常想，如果每個人在他成年的早期有一段時間致瞎致聾，那會是一種幸事，黑暗會使他更珍惜視力，寂靜會教導他享受聲音。

我不時地詢問過我的能看見東西的朋友們，以了解他們看到什么。最近，我的一個很好的朋友來看我，她剛從一片森林里散步許久回來，我問她看到了什么，她答道：“沒什么特別的?！比绻也皇橇晳T了聽到這種回答，我都可能不相信，因為很久以來我已確信這個情況：能看得見的人卻看不到什么。

我獨自一人，在林子里散步一小時之久而沒有看到任何值得注意的東西，那怎么可能呢？我自己，一個不能看見東西的人，僅僅通過觸覺，都發(fā)現(xiàn)許許多多令我有興趣的東西。我感觸到一片樹葉的完美的對稱性。我用手喜愛地撫摸過一株白樺那光潮的樹皮，或一棵松

樹的粗糙樹皮。春天，我摸著樹干的枝條滿懷希望地搜索著嫩芽，那是嚴冬的沉睡后，大自然蘇醒的第一個跡象。我撫摸過花朵那令人愉快的天鵝絨般的質地，感覺到它那奇妙的卷繞，一些大自然奇跡向我展現(xiàn)了。有時，如果我很幸運，我把手輕輕地放在一棵小樹上，還能感受到一只高聲歌唱的小鳥的愉快顫抖，我十分快樂地讓小溪澗的涼水穿過我張開的手指流淌過去。對我來說，一片茂密的地毯式的松針葉或松軟而富彈性的草地比最豪華的波斯地毯更受歡迎。對我來說四季的壯觀而華麗的展示是一部令人激動的、無窮盡的戲劇。這部戲劇的表演，通過我的手指尖端涌淌出來。

有時，由于渴望能看到這一切東西，我的內心在哭泣。如果說僅憑我的觸覺我就能感受到這么多的愉快，那么憑視覺該有多少美麗的東西顯露出來。然而，那些能看見的人明顯地看得很少，充滿世間的色彩和動作的景象被當成理所當然，或許，這是人性共有的特點；對我們具有的不怎么欣賞，而對我們不具有的卻渴望得到。然而，這是一個極大的遺憾，在光明的世界里，視力的天賦僅僅作為一種方便之用，而沒有作為增添生活美滿的手段。

啊，如果我要有哪怕３天的視力，多少事我該看??！

2-5 Why Character Counts Stephen R.Covey

close1 Some time ago I was asked to consult for a bank that was having a problem with employee morale.“I don't know what's wrong,” complained their young president sadly.Bright and attractively capable, he'd risen through the ranks only to see his institution faltering.Productivity and profits were down.He blamed his employees.“No matter what incentives I provide,” he said, “they won't shake off this gloom and doom.”

品德為什么重要

斯蒂芬·R·科維

前一段時間，我應邀去一家銀行做咨詢，因為那里員工士氣不振?！拔也恢绬栴}出在哪里，”年輕的總裁傷心地抱怨道。他聰明而且特別能干，一步一步爬到現(xiàn)在的位置，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)銀行步履維艱，效率和收益都很

低。他覺得問題出在員工身上。他說：“不論我采用什么樣的激勵措施，他們總是死氣沉沉，提不起精神?！眂lose

2RT He was right.The atmosphere seemed poisoned with suspicion

and lack of trust.For two months I ran workshops, but nothing helped.I was stumped.他說得不假，空氣中似乎充滿了懷疑和不信任的毒氣。我花了兩個月的時間舉辦各種研討會，但全都無濟于事。我無計可施了。close 3RT Finally, in more casual conversations, the truth emerged.The boss, who was married, was having an affair with an employee.And everyone knew it.最后，在閑談中真相浮現(xiàn)了。老板已經(jīng)結婚，卻與一名員工有染，這件事公司上下盡人皆知。close 4RT It was obvious now that the company's poor performance was caused by his conduct.But the greatest damage this man was doing was to himself.He was thinking only of his own pleasure and satisfaction disregarding long-term consequences.Moreover, he had violated a sacred trust with his wife.如此看來，公司業(yè)績欠佳，顯然是他的行為所造成的。但這個人所造成的最大損害，是對他自己。他只顧自己一時的享樂和滿足，不管長遠的后果，而且，他也褻瀆了與妻子之間神圣的信任。close 5RT In a word, his failing was one of character.簡而言之，他錯在品行不端。close 6RT What Really Matters

Character is made up of those principles and values that give your life direction, meaning and depth.These constitute your inner sense of what's right and wrong based not on laws or rules of conduct but on who you are.品德是由原則和價值觀組成，能夠為你的生活指引方向，賦予你的生活以意義和深度。這些構成了你內心判斷正誤的標準，不是基于法律或行為準則，而是基于你個人。close 7RT They include such traits as integrity, honesty, courage, fairness

and generosity which arise from the hard choices we have to make in life.So, wrong is simply in doing wrong, not in getting caught.它們包括了正直、誠實、勇氣、公平、慷慨等特點，來自于我們在生活中必須做出的艱難抉擇。所以做錯了就是做錯了，而不在于有沒有被人發(fā)現(xiàn)。close 8RT Yet some people wonder if our inner values matter anymore.After all, hasn't our noted bank executive succeeded in every visible way, despite his moral failing?

然而，有些人會懷疑，我們的內在價值還重要嗎？畢竟，我們這位有名的銀行主管盡管品行不端，還不是照樣在各方面很成功？close 9RT This question demonstrates a dilemma of our modern life.Many have come to believe that the only things we need for success are talent, energy and personality.But history has taught us that who we are is more important than who we appear to be.這個問題反映了現(xiàn)代生活的一個困境。很多人已經(jīng)開始相信：要成功，只要有天分、精力和個性就夠了。然而，回顧歷史，我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)，內在品質比外在特征更加重要。close 10RT During the nation's first century and a half, almost everything in the literature of success and self-help focused on what could be called the character ethic.Such eminent figures as Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson made clear their belief that we can only experience true success and happiness by making character the guideline of our lives.在我國歷史最初的150多年中，幾乎所有關于成功與自勵的文獻都聚焦在可稱為品德標準方面。本杰明·富蘭克林和托馬斯·杰斐遜等杰出人物很清楚地表明了他們的看法：只有讓品德成為我們的指南，才能體驗真正的成功與幸福。close 11RT After we moved into the industrial age and after World War I, the basic view of success shifted to what we could call the personality ethic.Success became more a function of charm, skills and techniques that lubricate the process of human interaction.Rather than struggle with difficult issues of right and wrong, we turned to making things run smoothly.close12RT Some of that philosophy expressed itself with harmless but superficial mottoes, such as “smiling wins more friends than frowning”.Other ideas were even deceptive, faking interest in others' hobbies so they will like you, for instance.這種哲學可以從一些無害然而淺薄的說法中看出端倪，比如，“微笑能比皺眉贏得更多朋友?！逼渌南敕ㄉ踔翈в衅垓_性質，例如假裝對別人的愛好感興趣好讓他們喜歡你。close 13RT With a value system based solely on skill and personality, we find heroes in athletes, musicians and in powerful business executives.But despite the admiration we feel for these achievers, we shouldn't necessarily look upon them as role models.While skill is certainly needed for success, it can never guarantee happiness and fulfillment.These come from developing character.在這種完全基于技能與個性的價值體系指導下，我們視運動員、音樂家或有權有勢的商界主管為偶像。不過，盡管我們欽羨這些成功人士，我們倒也未必要奉他們?yōu)榭?。技巧固然是成功所必需的，但技能從來無法保證一個人的幸福和滿足感。這二者有賴于品德的塑造。close

14RT Start at Home

You can begin to build character at any age.The key is learning how to look within to work inside out.品德的塑造是可以從任何年齡段開始的，關鍵是要學會如何內省，然后由內而外，推己及人。close 15RT With the inside-out approach, private victories precede public victories.These private victories are simply promises you make to yourself and others and then keep.由內而外，個人生活中的成就便能引發(fā)公共生活的成就，而個人生活的成就無非是堅守你對自己和他人的承諾而已。close 16RT Day by day, as you make and keep increasingly challenging

promises, you will be making deposits in your “character account”.What begins as great effort will eventually become a habit.And as you get into the habit of building character in the smaller areas of your life, your ability to develop character strength in more important spheres will grow.日復一日，你許下并恪守越來越有挑戰(zhàn)性的諾言，你也同時在往你的“道德賬戶”上存“錢”。一開始需要很努力去做的事情，最終將成為習慣。逐步養(yǎng)成了在生活中一些較次要的方面塑造品德的習慣之后，你在更重要的領域培養(yǎng)品德力量的能力也會隨之增強。close 17RT Private victories therefore lead to your larger public victories.For instance, to gain more freedom to think and act in your job, you must first be a more responsible employee.To create a happy marriage, first be the kind of person who generates love, generosity, dependability and trust.個人生活的成功因此能造就更大的公眾生活的成功。比如說，要在工作中獲得更高的職位，你首先得是一個責任心更強的員工。要締造幸福的婚姻，自己首先就要做一個有愛心、慷慨、可靠而又誠實的人。close 18RT There's no more essential ingredient for character growth than trust.Whether it is trust we earn from colleagues or a spouse, it is built slowly over time in an infinite variety of circumstances.在品德成熟的過程中，沒有哪一種因素會比信任更加關鍵的了。不管是同事的信任還是配偶的信任，都是在無窮變化的環(huán)境中日積月累而沉淀下來的。close 19RT Another way to build character is to admit your mistakes.Character is revealed in how we handle things that go wrong.另一個塑造品德的方法就是承認自己的錯誤。處理錯誤的方式也能體現(xiàn)我們的品德。close 20RT The best opportunities to build character, however, are within our families, where we are constantly tested and most vulnerable to lapses.True character begins at home.然而，塑造品德的最佳機會是在家庭內部，在家里我們時時經(jīng)受考驗，也最容易犯錯。真正的品德始于家庭。close 21RT Often we sense that we can get away with things around those who know us best, who will love us regardless of our conduct.This can end up destroying our character and our relationships.How often have we heard of someone who is an excellent employee but treats his or her spouse like a piece of furniture? 我們常常會覺得，跟最了解我們、不管我們做了什么都會依然愛我們的人在一起，總是能免受懲罰。結果呢，我們的品德受損，關系也遭到了破壞。我們會不會經(jīng)常聽說這樣的人，比如一個很出色的員工，卻把自己的配偶當作一件家具那樣對待？close 22RT All our relationships follow the patterns of life;they have ups and downs.This is why our families provide a critical measure of our character and the opportunity, again and again, to nurture it.我們所有的關系都遵循著生活的規(guī)律；都是有起有落的。這就是為什么我們的家庭能為我們的品德提供一個重要的量度，而且不斷提供機會滋養(yǎng)它。close 23RT What became of the bank president who was involved sexually with an employee? When I confided to him what I knew of his affair and the effect it was having on his staff, he ran his fingers through his hair.“I don't know where to begin,” he said.那個與員工有染的銀行總裁后來怎么樣了呢？我向他透露，我已經(jīng)知道他的外遇，以及這件事對員工的影響，他用手指撓著頭發(fā)?！拔也恢缽暮握f起，”他說。close 24RT “Is it over?” “結束了嗎？”close

25RT He looked me directly in the eye.“Yes.Absolutely.” 他直視著我的眼睛。“結束了。絕對結束了?！眂lose

26RT “Then begin by talking with your wife,” I answered.“那就先跟你妻子談談，”我說。close 27RT He told his wife, who forgave him.Then he called a meeting of his staff and addressed their morale problem.“I have found the cause of the problem,” he said.“It is me.I am asking you to give me another chance.” 他跟妻子說了，妻子原諒了他。接著，他召開了員工會議，討論士氣問題。他說：“我已經(jīng)找到問題的根源了，問題就出在我自己身上。我現(xiàn)在請求大家再給我一個機會。”close

28RT It took time, but eventually the employees' morale, a sense of openness, optimism and trust improved.In the end, however, the

executive was doing himself the greatest favor.He was finding his own path to character.慢慢地，員工的士氣、開誠布公的氣氛、樂觀的情緒還有相互的信任最終都有了改觀。不過，說到底，這位主管自己是最大的受益者。他找到了修煉自己品德的道路。close

2-6 The Creative Personality Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi close1RT I have devoted 30 years of research to how creative people live and work.If I had to express in one word what makes their personalities different from others, it's complexity.They contain contradictory extremes;instead of being an “individual”, each of them is a “multitude”.創(chuàng)意性格

米哈伊?奇克森特米海伊

我花了30年的時間研究富有創(chuàng)意的人是如何生活和工作的。如果要用一個詞來概括他們的性格與常人的差別所在，那就是“復雜”。他們身上有著極其矛盾的特征，他們不是 “個體”，每個有創(chuàng)意的人都是“復合體”。close 2RT Here are some traits that are often found in creative people.These traits are integrated with each other in a dialectical

manner.下面就是富有創(chuàng)意的人身上常會具備的一些特征。這些特征有機組合、辯證統(tǒng)一。

close 3RT 1.Creative people have a great deal of physical energy, but they are also often quiet and at rest.They can work long hours with great concentration while

remaining fresh and enthusiastic all the time.This does not mean that creative people are always active.In fact, they rest often and sleep a lot.The important thing is that they know how to control their energy, which is not ruled by the calendar, the clock or an external schedule.When necessary, they can focus it like a laser beam;when not, creative types immediately recharge their batteries.This is not a biorhythm inherited with their genes;it was learned by trial and error as a strategy for achieving their goals.1.富有創(chuàng)意的人精力充沛，但也經(jīng)常安靜地休息。他們可以注意力高度集中地工作很長時間，而始終神采奕奕、興致勃勃。這并不是說富有創(chuàng)意的人超級亢奮。事實上，他們經(jīng)常休息，睡得也很多。重要的是，他們知道如何掌控自己的精力，而人 的精力并不是由日歷、時鐘或外在的日程安排來控制的。有必要時，他們就能像激光一樣專注；沒必要時，富有創(chuàng)意的人就會立刻開始充電。這不是得自遺傳基因的生物節(jié)奏；而是為達到目標而通過反復嘗試掌握的一種策略。close 4RT 2.Creative people tend to be smart yet naive at the same time.Another way of expressing this dialectic is the contrasting poles of wisdom and childishness.As Howard Gardner reveals in his study of the major creative geniuses of the 20th century, a certain immaturity, both emotional and mental, can go hand in hand with deepest

insights.2.富有創(chuàng)意的人往往精明而又天真。換句話說，這個矛盾體就是智慧和幼稚這兩個極端?；羧A德?加德納對二十世紀的重

要創(chuàng)意天才進行了研究，結果表明，最深邃的洞察力可能與某種程度的不成熟（包括情感和思維方面的）共生共存。close 5RT Earlier studies on superior mental abilities show that children with very high IQs do well in life, but after a certain point, IQ does not seem to be correlated any longer with superior performance in real life.Later studies suggest that it might be difficult to do creative work with a lower IQ, but an IQ beyond 120 does not necessarily imply

higher creativity.以前對于卓越的思維能力的研究也表明，高智商兒童生活很成功，但過了一定的數(shù)值，智商似乎不再與卓越的現(xiàn)實生活表現(xiàn)成正比。后來的研究也說明，智商太低的人要做富有創(chuàng)意的工作可能比較困難，但

擁有120以上的智商未必就更有創(chuàng)造力。

close 6RT Furthermore, creative people seem able to use well two opposite ways of thinking: the convergent and the divergent.Convergent thinking is measured by IQ tests, and it involves solving well-defined, rational problems that have one correct answer.Divergent thinking leads to no agreed-upon solution.It involves the ability to generate a great quantity of ideas;flexibility, or the ability to switch from one perspective to another;and originality in picking unusual associations of ideas.Yet divergent thinking is not much use without the ability to tell a good idea from a bad one, and for

this, we must rely on convergent

thinking.此外，富有創(chuàng)意的人似乎能很好地使用兩種互為對立的思維方式：趨同和求異。趨同思維由智商測試來衡量，涉及的是解決定義清楚、有唯一正確答案的理性問題。求異思維能產(chǎn)生另類的解決之道，它涉及的是產(chǎn)生大量想法的能力；靈活性，或者說是從一個角度轉換到另一個角度的能力；以及能獨辟蹊徑地產(chǎn)生非凡聯(lián)想的能力。但求異思維本身是沒有多大用處的，除非有能力判斷一個想法是好是壞，要做到這一點，我們必須依賴于趨同思維。

close 7RT 3.Creative people alternate between imagination and a deeply-rooted sense of reality.Great art and great science involve a leap of imagination into a world that is different from the present.In fact, the whole point

of art and science is to go beyond what we now consider real and create a new reality.3.富有創(chuàng)意的人既有豐富的想象力，也有根深蒂固的現(xiàn)實感。偉大的藝術和偉大的科學都是借助想象，躍進與現(xiàn)實迥異的世界中去。事實上，藝術與科學的核心所在，便是超越我們目前所認識的現(xiàn)實而創(chuàng)造出一個新的現(xiàn)實。close 8RT 4.Creative people tend to be both extroverted and introverted.We're usually one or the other, either preferring to be in the thick of crowds or sitting on the sidelines and observing the passing show.In fact, in current psychological research, extroversion and introversion are considered to be the most stable personality traits that distinguish people from each other.Creative

individuals seem to exhibit both traits at the same time.4.富有創(chuàng)意的人往往既外向又內向。我們一般都二者居其一，要么偏愛呆在人群之中，要么獨坐一旁，冷眼看戲。事實上，在目前的心理研究中，外向和內向被視為能區(qū)分彼此的最穩(wěn)定的性格特點，但富有創(chuàng)意的個體似乎同時顯示這兩種特點。

close 9RT 5.Creative people are humble and proud at the same time.These individuals stand “on the shoulders of giants”.Their respect for the area in which they work makes them aware of the long line of previous contributions to it.And they're usually so focused on future projects and current challenges that past accomplishments, no

matter how outstanding, are no longer very interesting to them.5.他們既謙虛又傲氣。這些個體站在“巨人的肩膀上”。他們尊重自己工作的領域，因而能意識到前人的大量貢獻。他們通常如此專注于未來的工程和當前的挑戰(zhàn)，過往的成就，不論多么出色，都無法再引起他們太多的興趣。close 10RT 6.Creative people are both rebellious and conservative.Being only traditional leaves an area unchanged;constantly taking chances without regard to tradition rarely leads to novelty.But the willingness to take risks is absolutely necessary.The economist George Stigler is very emphatic in this regard, “I'd say one of the most common failures of able people is a lack of nerve.They just play safe games.In

innovation, you have to play a less safe game, if it's going to be interesting.It's not predictable

that it'll go well.” 6.富有創(chuàng)意的人既叛逆又保守。一味傳統(tǒng)，會令一個領域殊無變化，而時時冒險、罔顧傳統(tǒng)亦鮮有創(chuàng)新，但冒險精神是絕對必要的。經(jīng)濟學家喬治?施蒂格勒特別強調這個方面：“我會說，有能力的人之所以失敗，大多都是由于缺少冒險精神，凡事四平八穩(wěn)。要創(chuàng)新，你就不能太求穩(wěn)，結果才可能有意思。結果是否會順利是無

法預測的?！眂lose 11RT 7.Most creative people are very passionate about their work, yet they can be extremely objective about it as well.Without the passion, we soon lose interest in a difficult task.Yet without being objective about it, our work

is not very good and lacks

credibility.7.絕大多數(shù)富有創(chuàng)意的人對工作激情如火，同時也極為冷靜客觀。沒有激情，我們很快就會對困難任務失去興趣。但如果不夠客觀，我們的工作就難以出色，缺乏

可信度。close 12RT 8.Creative people's openness and sensitivity often exposes them to suffering and pain, yet also to a great deal of enjoyment.Inventors have a low threshold of pain.Things bother them.A badly designed machine causes pain to an inventive engineer, just as the creative writer is hurt when reading bad

prose.8.富有創(chuàng)意的人胸無城府而敏感，這往往令他們痛苦，但同時也令他們體會到很多樂趣。發(fā)明家們對痛苦的容忍度很低，身邊的事物會讓他們看不順眼。設計拙劣的機器會令富有創(chuàng)意的工程師痛苦，而富有創(chuàng)意的作者看到蹩腳的文字同樣也會

感覺受傷。close 13RT Being alone at the forefront of a discipline also leaves you exposed and vulnerable.Eminence invites criticism and often vicious attacks.When an artist has invested years in making a sculpture, or a scientist in developing a theory, it is devastating if nobody cares.居于學科前沿，也會令你暴露于眾人視線中，易受攻擊。卓越會招致批評，甚至往往是惡毒攻擊。藝術家傾注多年心血終于完成一件雕塑作品，科學家皓首窮年提出一種理論，到頭來若是無人問津，這種打擊無疑是災難性的。close 14RT Perhaps the most difficult thing for creative individuals to

bear is the sense of loss and emptiness they experience when, for some reason, they cannot work.This is especially painful when a person feels his or her creativity drying out.對于富有創(chuàng)意的個體而言，最難以忍受的事情莫過于由于某種原因而無法工作的那種失落感和空虛感。如果一個人自覺創(chuàng)意枯竭，或許就更加痛苦不堪了。close 15RT Yet when a person is working in the area of his or her expertise, worries and cares fall away, replaced by a sense of happiness.Perhaps the most important quality, the one that is most consistently present in all creative individuals, is the ability to enjoy the process of creation for its own sake.Without this trait, poets would give up striving for

perfection and would write commercial jingles;economists would work for banks where they would earn at least twice as much as they do at universities;and physicists would stop doing basic research and join industrial laboratories where the conditions are better and the expectations

more predictable.而當一個人在自己擅長的領域里工作時，他的一切擔心和憂慮都會消失，取而代之的是一種愉悅感。也許最重要的品質，在一切富有創(chuàng)意的人身上最常見的一種品質，就是能夠享受創(chuàng)造過程本身。沒有這種品質，詩人將不再追求完美而寫些商業(yè)性的喧囂之作；經(jīng)濟學家將會去銀行任職，收入至少會是大學里的兩倍；物理學家也會停止基礎研究而加入工業(yè)實驗室，那里條件優(yōu)越而且結果也容易預測。

close

7-What Does Teamwork Really

Mean?

Sharon Saw

close1RT In many job interviews, a common question is whether the interviewee is a “team player”.More often than not(unless the interviewee is particularly stupid, or maybe particularly honest but doesn't want the job), he or she will say “yes”.But what does being a team player really mean?

團隊精神的真正含義

沙倫·索

面試中常會問到的一個問題就是，接受面試者是否具有團隊精神。通常情況下，回答是肯定的，除非接受面試者特別愚蠢，或者特別誠實而且不想要這份工作。但團隊精神的真正含義是什么呢？close 2RT On the most basic level, a team player is someone who can work within a group of people.This group is a number of people greater than one.Even if there are only two people in the group, they can be called

a “team”.Therefore it is an essential requirement of any employment that any potential employee is a team player.在最基本的層面上，有團隊精神的人就是能夠與群體合作的人。只要有兩個或兩個以上的個體在一起就可以稱為 “團隊”。因此，未來的員工是否具備團隊精神，對任何工作而言都是一個至關重要的必備條件。close 3RT On a deeper level, a team player is someone who can play a role in the team, to achieve and support the goals set and agreed upon by the team.The simplest analogy to the corporate team would be a sports team.There are two main aims of the football team.One is to score goals and the other is to prevent the opposition team from scoring.In football, there are eleven players per side, and almost the same number of players in reserve.There are also other vital members of the team in the background, such as the coach, the doctor, etc.從較深層次而言，具備團隊精神的人能夠在團隊中扮演特定的角色，能支持和達成團隊協(xié)定的目標。打個最簡單的比方，一個企業(yè)團隊就好比一個運動隊。足球隊有兩個主要目標，一是進球，一是阻止對手進球。足球運動中，每一方有十一名隊員，還有差不多相同數(shù)量的替補隊員。場外還有其他不可或缺的成員，如教練和隊醫(yī)等。close 4RT Every member of the team has a very specific role — as a captain, goalkeeper, striker, midfielder or defender.Every member of the team is vital to the success of the team.If there is one player missing, the team is handicapped.If one player does not perform to the best of his or her ability, the team is handicapped.球隊的每一個成員都扮演著特定的角色，如隊長、守門員、前鋒和中場防守球員。每一個隊員對整個球隊的成功都有至關重要的意義。任何一名隊員缺陣，全隊表現(xiàn)都會受到影響。任何一名隊員不全力以赴，全隊也會受到拖累。close 5RT The captain is there to give direction to the team, in strategy, motivation and inspiration.But he or she also has to play as part of the team.Egos do not play any part in teamwork.If one's ego gets in the way, such as if one player wants to score a goal and be a hero, he or she may take rash actions instead of maybe letting another person score or helping to create the opportunity to score.隊長的作用是給全隊提供方向，包括戰(zhàn)略、動力和靈感方面的，但他/她同時也應該是整隊的一分子。自我主義在團隊合作中沒有立足之地。如果一個人的自我意識干擾了他她的思維，比如某個隊員想要進球、出風頭，他她可能會魯莽行動，而不是助攻或讓隊友射門。close 6RT Similarly in the corporate world, each company has its clearly defined goals.Usually these are not as easily specified as in a football match.And it is the job of every employee to ensure that these goals are met.Every member of the corporate team should have specific roles and responsibilities in view of achieving these goals.企業(yè)界的情況也類似，每一個公司都應該有清晰界定的目標，不過這些目標通常不會像足球比賽中那么清楚具體。每個員工都有責任去確保實現(xiàn)這些目標，公司團隊的每個成員應該相應地有具體的目標和責任范圍。close 7RT There can only be one captain of the company, and he or she should be responsible for giving leadership and guidance to the team members.The leader should also continuously communicate the overall business strategy, as well as providing motivation and inspiration to the team.The leader has to have the loyalty of the team.If the team is not loyal or has no respect for the leader, the members of the team will not listen to the captain and the objectives of the company would not be achieved.公司里只能有一個“隊長”，其責任就是領導和指揮團隊成員，不斷地與團隊就整體策略進行溝通，并為成員提供動力與靈感。領導應該能令整個團隊忠實于他。如果團隊不忠心或不尊重領導，團隊成員就不會聽從“隊長”指揮，公司的目標也就無從實現(xiàn)。close 8RT In every action of the team, the objectives of the company, and / or, business strategy, MUST be first and foremost.The success of the team relies completely on every member of the team carrying out their roles and responsibilities in line with the direction of the leader.There has to be a “oneness” of the corporate culture.There is no room in the company for anyone who does not share the same corporate goals or objectives.在團隊的每個行動中，務必將公司的目標或商業(yè)策略放在首要位置。團隊能否成功，完全取決于團隊每個成員是否能完成自己的角色任務和責任，能否與領導的指揮保持一致。企業(yè)文化中必須有“一致性”，公司中絕不允許某個人的目標或目的與公司的共同目標不一致。close 9RT Being a team player does not mean that you do not have any ideas of your own.It does not mean you should always agree with the rest of the team.It does not mean that you should merely follow the herd.There are times when your vision may differ from the vision of the company, the leader or the rest of the team.It may be a valid vision and if you believe in it strongly enough, you should share it with the rest of the team.Your idea may complement the corporate objectives and goals.Or it may not.If the leader is a competent one, he or she will assess it on its merits and not let ego get in the way.However, should the team not agree with your vision, don't take it personally.具有團隊精神并不意味著你不可以有自己的想法，也不意味著你應該總是附和其他隊員或者只是隨大流。有時，你的想法也許與公司、領導或是團隊的其他成員的看法不一致。也許是一個值得一試的想法，如果你很有信心，就應該與團隊其他成員分享。你的想法也許可以補充公司的目的與目標，也許不可以。如果領導稱職的話，他/她就會客觀評價這個想法，而不會令自我意識在那里作祟。不過，要是團隊不贊同你的想法，也不要覺得是人身攻擊。close

10RT They may find the idea inappropriate, not YOU personally.Don't take it as a sign of personal rejection.A good leader should be able to communicate this to a team member, but if he or she doesn't, and it turns out as appearing to be a rebuff, don't lose heart.If the team found YOU inappropriate, you would be the first to know.If your leader or team members see that you can handle rejection of your ideas in a mature manner, it is only to your own credit.他們也許覺得這個想法不合適，而不是覺得你這個人不行，所以你不要覺得這是針對個人的。一個優(yōu)秀的領導應該能夠將這種情況與隊員溝通，但就算他/她沒有這么做，讓你感覺受到了冷落，也不要灰心。如果團隊覺得你不行，那你自己肯定會最先察覺。要是領導或團隊成員看到你能成熟地應對自己的想法被拒絕，那只能對你有好處。close 11RT Don't be afraid to offer new ideas even seemingly crazy ones.Everyone in the team should feel free to offer ideas and not worry about them being dismissed.Usually when ideas are not taken up, people may take it as a personal rejection.Don't.Just accept it, and move on.There is work to be done.不要害怕提出新的想法，哪怕是表面看來有些瘋狂的也不要緊。團隊的每一個成員都應該無拘無束地提出想法而不擔心是否會被拒絕。通常情況下如果想法沒有被采納，人們會認為是針對個人的。不要這么想。接受事實，然后繼續(xù)前進。工作總是要做的。close 12RT The pleasure of working in an environment where every member of the team is a team player is unparalleled.If you are not enjoying your working environment, chances are high that your team is also not working well.Ask yourself this: 在每個成員都有團隊協(xié)作精神的環(huán)境里工作，那種愉悅是無與倫比的。如果你不喜歡現(xiàn)在的工作環(huán)境，多半是因為你的團隊運作不好，問問你自己：close 13RT Are you a team player?

你有團隊合作精神嗎？close 14RT Are your own objectives in line with those of the team?

你與團隊的目標一致嗎？close 15RT Are your team objectives in line with those of the company? If not, why not? 你的團隊與公司的目標一致嗎？如果不一致，原因在哪里？close

2-8 Did You Have a Tough Childhood? Jill Ammon-Wexler close1RT Many claim unhappy and terrible childhood experiences “damage” people in their adult years.But is this necessarily true? Actually, just the opposite seems to be true.Intense difficulties, hardships and major obstacles are actually often major contributors to success.It's true that difficult childhoods do leave some people wounded and disadvantaged.But for others, a tough childhood actually drives them to remarkable achievement and success!你經(jīng)歷了不幸的童年嗎？

吉爾?安蒙-韋克斯勒

很多人聲稱，童年時代的嚴重創(chuàng)傷，會對成年生活造成災難性影響。果真如此嗎？其實，事實剛好相反！重大的困難、艱辛和障礙，往往能造就成功。的確，不幸的童年會使一些人傷痕累累，處于不利的位置。但對另外一些人而言，不幸的童年反而會促使他們取得異乎尋常的成就！close 2RT In a classic book entitled Cradles of Eminence, researchers reviewed the childhood family life of 700 of the world's most successful people.Their goal was to identify the early experiences that contributed to the remarkable achievements of these successful people.All of their “research subjects” are widely known for their personal accomplishments.Their names are easily recognizable: Franklin D.Roosevelt, Helen Keller, Winston Churchill, Albert Einstein, Sigmund Freud, etc.在經(jīng)典作品《偉人的搖籃》一書中，研究者們考查了全球最為突出的700名成功人士的童年生活。他們的目標是要找出哪些早期經(jīng)歷有助于這些成功人士取得非凡成就。他們所有的“研究對象”都是因個人成就而蜚聲全球的。這些名字都廣為人知：富蘭克林?D?羅斯福，海倫?凱勒，溫斯頓?丘吉爾，阿爾伯特?愛因斯坦，西格蒙德?弗洛伊德，等等。close 3RT What they discovered is truly fascinating!Three-quarters of these successful people(525 of the 700)came from deeply troubled childhoods.They had endured extreme poverty, broken homes, and even parental abuse.Over one-fourth(199 of the 700)had to deal with very serious physical handicaps such as deafness, blindness or crippled limbs.And over 80% of those who became successful writers and playwrights had watched their own parents struggle with intense psychological dramas.研究結果真的非常有意思！700名成功人士中，有四分之三（525名）有過極其不幸的童年。他們經(jīng)歷過極端的貧困，破碎的家庭，甚至父母的虐待。超過四分之一的人（700人當中有199名）有嚴重的生理殘障如失聰、失明或肢體殘障。成功的作家及劇作家中，有80％曾目睹了自己的父母經(jīng)歷失和的一些戲劇性場面。close 4RT Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, a former US “First Lady” provides an excellent example.Anna lost her parents at the age of 10, and had a very unpleasant childhood.As a young girl she was painfully aware of being very homely.And her childhood writings reveal she never had a sense of “belonging” anywhere, or to anyone.But as she matured, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt

refused to remain “disadvantaged”.She hauled herself up by her own bootstraps and began to strive for a higher, more powerful consciousness.安娜?埃莉諾?羅斯福，前美國“第一夫人”，就是一個極好的例子。安娜10歲時失去了雙親，童年痛苦不堪。少女時，她就痛苦地意識到自己長相平庸。她童年的習作表明，她從來沒有“歸屬感”，覺得自己不屬于任何地方或任何人。但隨著她慢慢成熟，安娜?埃莉諾?羅斯福拒絕一直“處于劣勢”。她依靠自己的努力，著手提高自身的覺悟。close 5RT After marrying Franklin D.Roosevelt, she ended up courageously nursing her husband through crippling polio.Then when he was elected to the US Presidency in the depth of the Great Depression, Mrs.Roosevelt quickly transformed the position of First Lady.As First Lady, she became an outspoken supporter for the disadvantaged people of all races, religions and countries.At the same time, she helped her husband manage the White House and raised six children.嫁給富蘭克林?羅斯福后，她需要照料小兒麻痹性后遺癥的丈夫，她一直堅強地面對。后來，他臨危受命，在經(jīng)濟大蕭條最嚴重時當選美國總統(tǒng)，羅斯福夫人迅速完成了“第一夫人”的角色轉換。作為第一夫人，她公開發(fā)言支持所有被踐踏的種族、宗教和國家，同時還打理著白宮，并撫育六個子女。close 6RT After her husband's death, she spent the remainder of her life as a highly respected American spokesperson to the United Nations.At her death, this shy, disadvantaged, homely and withdrawn young woman had become one of the most loved and respected women of her entire generation.丈夫去世后，她就一直作為美國在聯(lián)合國的發(fā)言人，極其受人尊重，直到生命結束。她辭世時，這位年輕時一度靦腆羞澀、身處困境、長相平平、性格內向的女性，已成為她那一代人中最受愛戴的女性之一。close 7RT Why did this happen? Eleanor Roosevelt made a personal choice to lift herself beyond her perceived “l(fā)imitations”.She displayed a tough, unyielding courage, tempered by remarkable self-control and self-discipline.事情為什么會變成這樣呢？埃莉諾?羅斯福做出了自己的選擇，要用自己的力量超越想象中的“局限”。她非凡的自控和自律造就了堅強不屈的勇氣。close 8RT Obstacles and hardships do NOT have to lead to failure.Scientific evidence has proven that “well-being” is NOT always an advantage for either plants or animals.Where there is no challenge, obstacle or hardship, growth and development is often limited.Biologists refer to this as the “adversity principle”.障礙和困難未必一定會導致失敗！科學證據(jù)表明，“安逸”并不一定總是優(yōu)勢，動植物都是如此。沒有挑戰(zhàn)、障礙或困難，成長和發(fā)展常常會受到限制。生物學家稱之為“逆境原則”。close 9RT Consider Lou Gehrig: Lou was such a clumsy kid that the boys in his neighborhood wouldn't let him play on their baseball team.But he tapped into his resources of inner courage and determination.Lou Gehrig is today listed in the baseball “Hall of Fame” as one of the greatest ball players of all time.試看盧?格里克：盧小時候笨手笨腳，附近的男孩都不讓他參加自己的棒球隊，但他轉而找到內在的勇氣和決心。如今，盧?格里克名列棒球“名人堂”，被視為有史以來最偉大的球類運動員之一。close 10RT Then there was Woodrow Wilson, who couldn't read until he was ten years old.Wilson went on in his life to become the twenty-eighth President of the United States.Thomas Edison was deaf.Booker T.Washington was born in slavery, and a “club foot” crippled Lord Byron.The famous writer Robert Louis Stevenson had tuberculosis.Alexander Pope had a hunchback.Yet each of these individuals became famous historic figures in spite of their handicaps.還有伍德羅?威爾遜，十歲才開始識字。威爾遜后來成了美國第二十八任總統(tǒng)。托馬斯?愛迪生是聾子。布克?T?華盛頓生而為奴，拜倫爵士天生足部畸形。著名作家羅伯特?路易斯?史蒂文森身患結核病。亞歷山大?蒲柏是駝背。但盡管殘疾在身，這些人每一個都青史留名。close 11RT Helen Keller, who could not hear or see, transformed an entire nation when she graduated with honors from college.She is still a source of inspiration for millions.Then there's Ludwig van Beethoven.Beethoven began to lose his hearing in his 20s, and was completely deaf by 50.Yet he created some of the world's most beautiful music.Beethoven was once overheard shouting at the top of his voice, “I will take life by the throat!” 海倫?凱勒，既聾又盲，以優(yōu)異成績從大學畢業(yè)時，舉國轟動。數(shù)以百萬計人至今仍視她為靈感的源泉。還有路德維希?凡?貝多芬。貝多芬二十多歲時聽力就開始下降，50歲時完全失聰，但他創(chuàng)造了世界上最美妙的音樂。有人曾聽見貝多芬高喊，“我要扼住命運的咽喉！”close 12RT Your attitude toward any perceived personal “handicap” determines its impact on your life.This IS your life!Why not make it all it can be? To become all we can be, we MUST stop making excuses.Use any personal adversity or perceived limitations to do what Beethoven did: Grab life by the throat!And this is a good day to take action to claim more of your true potential.Get past your “old stuff”, my friend, and fire yourself up!If not now, when? 不管你有任何“殘障”，它對你生活的影響將取決于你的態(tài)度。這就是你的生活！為什么不盡自己所能呢？要發(fā)掘我們的全部潛力，我們就不能再編造借口。面對任何逆境或想象中的局限，以貝多芬為榜樣：攫住命運的咽喉！今天就是一個好日子，開始行動，實現(xiàn)更多真正的潛能。忘記“舊事”，我的朋友，讓自己振奮起來！此時不動，更待何時？close

第四篇：新世紀大學英語課文翻譯--1-

新世紀大學英語課文翻譯

第一冊

Unit 1 A Language Teacher’s Personal Opinion

Will Pidcroft 一名語言教師的個人看法

Every day I see advertisements in the newspaper and on the buses claiming that it is easy to learn English.According to these advertisements, with very little effort on the student’s part, he will be able to speak the language fluently in three months or even ten days.There is often a reference to Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to encourage him even more.When I see advertisements like this, I don’t know whether to laugh or cry.If it were as easy to learn English as they say, I would have to look for another job, because very few qualified teachers would be needed.But a large number of people must believe these ridiculous claims, or else the advertisements would not appear.我每天都會在報紙上、公共汽車上看到各種廣告，聲稱輕輕松松就能學好英語。這些廣告號稱，學生不必費什么力氣，要說一口流利的英語只需短短3個月，甚至10天就行。廣告還常常提到威廉·莎士比亞和查爾斯·狄更斯等英語文學大師的名號來增強吸引力。每當看到諸如此類的廣告時，我真是哭笑不得：如果學英語真像這些廣告所說的那么輕松，我恐怕得另謀出路了，因為不需要那么多合格的英語教師了。但是肯定有許多人相信這些可笑的噱頭，不然的話這些廣告也不可能出現(xiàn)。

It is natural for students to be attracted to methods that will teach them as quickly and efficiently and cheaply as possible.But it is difficult for anyone to explain in simple language why one method is better than another, and it is no use pretending that anyone has discovered a perfect way of teaching English in every possible situation.Some experts even argue that there are many good methods of teaching a language as there are good teachers, because every teacher is an individual with his own personality.No doubt this is true to a certain extent, but it is not very helpful to students.學生們喜歡實惠的速成學習方法也在情理之中，但要用淺顯易懂的語言去解釋為什么某一方法比另一方法更有效并不是一件簡單的事，而且也無需裝模作樣地聲稱有什么人已經(jīng)找到了一個萬能的適合所有學習環(huán)境的教學方法。一些專家甚至認為，有多少個好老師就有多少種好的教學方法，因為每一個老師都有其自身的特點。這種說法無疑是有幾分道理的，但對學生來說不是很有幫助。

For a long time people believed that the only way to learn a language was to spend a great deal of time in a country where it was spoken.Of course it is clear that students who go to England to learn English have a great advantage over others, but a larger number of students cannot afford to do so.Some students go to the opposite extreme and think they can teach themselves at home with dictionaries.But it is wrong to assume that each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language and vice versa, and it is impossible for any translation method to provide students with the natural forms of a language in speech, let alone produce good pronunciation and intonation.有很長一段時間，人們認為要學好一門語言，只有去使用那種語言的國家待上一段時間。當然去英國、美國、或者澳大利亞等國家學英語的學生肯定比那些不能去的學生具有很大優(yōu)勢，但是很多學生支付不起那筆費用。有些學生走向另一極端：他們認為可以借助詞典在家自學。如果你認為英語中的每一個詞在另一語言中都有完全對等的詞（或反之亦然），那就錯了。通過翻譯法來給學生講解口語的自然形式是不可能的，更不要說做到語音、語調地道了。

A great deal of teaching is still based on behaviourist psychology.Behaviourists are fond of making students repeat phrases and making them do exercises where they continually have to change one word in a sentence.If we were parrots or chimpanzees, these methods might be successful.A large number of theorists seem to think it is a pity we aren’t, because it would make it easier to use their methods.現(xiàn)在大量的教學活動還是建立在行為主義心理學的基礎之上。行為主義者熱衷于讓學生復述短語，不斷做一些只需更換句中某個詞的練習。假如我們是鸚鵡或黑猩猩，那這些方法或許能奏效，可惜我們不是，這似乎讓很多理論家引以為憾，否則他們提出的那些方法用起來就會容易得多了。

In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak English or any other language unless he is interested in it.Human beings, unlike parrots and chimpanzees, do not like making noises unless they understand what the noises mean and can relate them to their own lives.It is worth remembering that language is a means of communication.What people want to say and write in another language is probably very similar to what they want to say and write in their own.What they listen to and read cannot be a formula.It must be real.我個人認為，假如沒有興趣，任何人都不可能學好英語或其他任何語言。與鸚鵡或黑猩猩不同，人類不會無緣無故地發(fā)出噪音，除非他們明白這些聲音是什么意思，并且能將其與自己的生活聯(lián)系起來。值得牢記的是：語言是一種交際手段，人們在母語中怎么說怎么寫，用另一種語言表達時也大同小異。因此，人們所聽所讀的不應該是程式化的東西，聽的讀的材料必須真實自然。

There is another relevant point worth mentioning here.We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate.If what we are learning is strange to us, it will be helpful if there are other students around us who can work with us and practise the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations, talking to each other about real life in real language.還有一個相關的問題值得一提：在交際時我們需要有交談或傾聽的對象。在學習較生疏的內容時，如果有其他學生和我們在實戰(zhàn)中一起學習和練習那些陌生的語言形式，用真實的語言去談論真實的生活，那一定會受益匪淺。

Unit 2 The Doctor's Son Harold EppleywithRochelle Melander My parents moved toVermontwhen I was still aninfant.Asoft-spokenman, my fathersettled quietly intohis medical practice in a small town calledEnosburg.Soon thelocalpeople accepted him as one of their own.Word passes quickly in smallVermonttowns.They know good people when they meet them.Around town the neighbors greeted my father as “Doc Eppley.” And I soon learned that as long as I lived in Enosburg I would always be known as “Doctor Eppley's son”.On the first day of school, my classmates crowded around me because I was the doctor's son.“If you're anything like your father, you'll be a smart boy,” my first-grade teacher said.I couldn't stop Beaming.Somewherein themidstofmy teenage years, however, something changed.I was sixteen years old and the neighbors still called me “Doctor Eppley's son.” They said that I was growing up to be an honorableandindustriousyoung man, living an honest life just like my father.I groaned whenever I heard their compliments.I wondered how I would everfit in withmy teenage friends.I hated being followed by my father's good name.And so when strangers asked me if I was Doctor Eppley's son, I replied emphatically, “My name is Harold.And I can manage quite wellon my own.” As an act of rebellion, I began to call my father by his first name,Sam.“Why are you acting sostubbornlately?” my father asked me one day in the midst of anargument.“Well, Sam,” I replied, “I suppose that bothers you.”

“You know it hurts me when you call me Sam,” my father shouted.“Well, it hurts me when everybody expects me to be just like you.I don't want to be perfect.I want to be myself.”

I survivedmy last years of high school until finally I turned eighteen.The next fall Ienrolledin college.I chose toattenda school far from Enosburg, a place where nobody called me “Doctor Eppley's son.” One night at college I sat with a group of students in thedormitoryas we shared stories about our lives.We began to talk about the things we hated most about ourchildhoods.“That's easy,” I said.“I couldn't stand growing up in a town where everybody alwayscompared me with my father.”

The girl sitting next to mefrowned.“I don't understand,” she said.“I'd be proud to have a father who's so well respected.” Her eyes filled with tears as she continued,“I'd give anything tobe called my father's child.But I don't know where he is.He left my mother when I was only four.”

There was anawkwardsilence, and then I changed the subject.I wasn't ready to hear her words.I returned home for winter break that year, feeling proud of myself.In four months at college, I had made a number of new friends.I had become popularin my own right, without my father's help.For two weeks I enjoyed being back in Enosburg.The maintopicof interest at home was my father's new car.“Let me take it out for a drive,” I said.My father agreed, but not without his usual warning,“Be careful.”

I glaredat him.“Sam, I'm sick ofbeing treated like a child.I'm in college now.Don't you think I know how to drive?”

I could see the hurt in my father's face, and I remembered how much he hated it whenever I called him “Sam.” “All right then,” he replied.Ihoppedinto the car and headed down the road,savoringthe beauty of the Vermont countryside.My mind waswandering.At a busyintersection, I hit the car right in front of mine before I knew it.The woman in the car jumped out screaming: “Youidiot!Why didn't you look where you were going?”

I surveyedthe damage.Both cars hadsustainedseriousdents.I sat there like aguiltychild as the woman continuedcomplaining.“It's your fault,” she shouted.I couldn'tprotest.My knees began to shake.Ichokedbackmy tears.“Do you haveinsurance? Can you pay for this? Who are you?” she kept asking.“Who are you?”

I panickedand, without thinking, shouted, “I'm Doctor Eppley's son.”

I sat t here stunned.I couldn't believe what I had just said.Almost immediately, the woman's frown became a smile ofrecognition.“I'm sorry,” she replied, “I didn't realize who you were.” An hour later, I drove my father'sbatterednew car back home.With my head down and my knees still shaking, Itrudgedinto the house.I explained what had happened.“Are you hurt?” he asked.“No,” I replied.“Good,” he answered.Then he turned and headed toward the door.“Harold,” he said as he was leaving, “Hold your head up.”

That night wasNew Year'sEve, and my family attended a small party with friends to celebrate the beginning of another year.When midnight arrived, people cheered and greeted each other.Across the room I saw my father.I stepped toward him.My father and Irarelyhug.But recalling the day's events, I wrappedmy arms around his shoulders.And I spoke his real name for the first time in years.I said, “Thank you, Dad.Happy New Year.”

醫(yī)生的兒子

我還是個嬰兒的時候，我的父母親搬到了佛蒙特州。我那溫文爾雅的父親在一個名叫伊諾斯堡的小鎮(zhèn)上毫不張揚地開業(yè)行醫(yī)了。很快，當?shù)厝司桶阉敵闪俗约喝?。在佛蒙特州的小?zhèn)上，消息傳播得很快。人們分得清誰是好人。鄰居們都稱我的父親為埃普利醫(yī)生。我很快意識到，只要我住在伊諾斯堡鎮(zhèn)，我就永遠只是“埃普利醫(yī)生的兒子”。

入學的第一天，同學們就簇擁著我，因為我是醫(yī)生的兒子?！耙悄愣嗌儆悬c像你父親的話，你就會是個聰明的孩子?！蔽业囊荒昙壚蠋熯@么說。我忍不住眉開眼笑。

?可是在我十幾歲的時候，事情起了變化。?我都十六歲了，鄰居們還是稱呼我“埃普利醫(yī)生的兒子”。他們說我長大了一定會是一個可敬又勤勞的年輕人，會像我父親那樣過著體面的生活。每當我聽到這些贊美，我都很不以為然地哼哼幾聲。

我不知道自己怎樣才能融入我那些少年朋友的圈子。我討厭父親的好名聲像影子一樣跟著我。所以當陌生人問起我是不是埃普利醫(yī)生的兒子時，我會帶著強調的口氣說：“我叫哈羅德。我自己能管好自己的事?！背鲇诜磁?，我開始對父親直呼其名，不叫他“爸爸”，而叫他“薩姆”。

“你最近為什么這么犟？”有次爭吵時，我父親這樣問我。

“哼，薩姆。我想你難過了吧！”

“你知道的，你叫我薩姆讓我很傷心?！蔽腋赣H大聲地說。

“哦，那人人都指望我像你一樣，也很讓我傷心呢。我不要完美，我只想做我自己。”

我好不容易挨完高中，總算滿了十八歲。第二年秋天我上了大學。我選中了一所遠離伊諾斯堡的學校，一個沒人管我叫“埃普利醫(yī)生的兒子”的地方。

在大學里，有天晚上我和一幫學生在宿舍聊起我們的生活。我們開始談起我們童年最討厭的事情?！跋攵疾挥孟?，”我說，“我受不了在一個每個人都拿我跟我父親比的地方生活。”

坐在我身邊的女孩皺起眉頭說：“這我就不理解了。要是有這么個令人尊敬的父親我一定會很驕傲的?！彼难劾镟咧鴾I繼續(xù)說，“要是有人把我叫做我父親的孩子，那我會不惜一切地珍重這榮譽！但我不知道他在哪里。他拋棄了我的母親,那時我才四歲?！?/p>

大家陷入了尷尬的沉默，然后我轉開了話題。她的話我當時還聽不進去。

那年寒假我回了家，心中充滿了自豪感。在大學的四個月中，我交了好些朋友。我沒有靠父親，而是靠自己的本事贏得了眾人的歡心。

回到伊諾斯堡的兩個星期里，我一直都很高興。父親的新車成了家里人感興趣的話題。

“讓我開出去轉轉?！蔽艺f。

父親同意了，但跟往常一樣提醒我，“小心點?！?/p>

我瞪了他一眼，“薩姆，我討厭你老把我當成個孩子。我都上大學了。你以為我不會開車?。俊?/p>

從父親的臉上看得出我傷了他的心，也想起每次直呼“薩姆”時他是多么不高興。

“那去吧。”他說。

我跳進車里，?沿路開去，?享受著佛蒙特鄉(xiāng)間的美麗風景。我有點心神不定。在一個繁忙的十字路口，不知怎么地就跟我前面的車撞了個正著。

車里的婦人跳出來尖叫，“你這個白癡！你開車難道不看路嗎？”

我看了一眼，兩輛車都被撞蹩了。

我像個犯了錯的孩子一樣，坐在那兒聽著那婦人不停地抱怨?！叭帜?！”她尖叫道。我無法反駁，雙腿發(fā)抖，淚水在眼眶里轉。她不停地問，“你是誰？”

我害怕起來，?想也沒想就叫道，?“我是埃普利醫(yī)生的兒子?！?/p>

我坐在那里驚呆了。我簡直不相信我自己會這么說。幾乎同時，?婦人皺起的眉頭變成了似曾相識的笑容。“對不起。?”她答道，“我剛才不知道你是誰?！?/p>

一小時后，我開著被撞破了的車回了家。我低著頭，邁著發(fā)顫的雙腿，?拖著步子走進家門。?我解釋了所發(fā)生的一切。

“受傷了嗎？”他問。

“沒有?！蔽一卮稹?/p>

“那就好?！彼鸬?，然后轉身向門口走去?！肮_德，抬起頭來?！彼呑哌呎f。

那晚是除夕之夜，我們全家與朋友參加了一個小型晚會慶祝新年。午夜來臨，每個人都歡呼并互相祝福。我看到父親在房間的另一頭，我向他走去。父親與我很少擁抱，但我想起了白天的事，我用雙臂摟著他的肩膀，很多年來第一次用他“真實的”名字來稱呼他。我說，“謝謝你，爸爸。新年快樂！”

第五篇：大學英語期末考試翻譯題

大學英語期末考試翻譯題

（一）中國人注重人與自然的和諧相處。在中國傳統(tǒng)思想中，“天人合一”是一個著名的話題。中國傳統(tǒng)思想更注重個人修養(yǎng)的提升，更注重“修身養(yǎng)性”；更為重視智慧的體悟而對邏輯推理不是特別在意。可以說，中國有一套完整的影響了中國幾千年的思想體系，而這套體系最重要的組成部分就是孔子（Confucius）、孟子（Mencius）開創(chuàng)的儒家思想（Confucianism）和老子（Laozi）、莊子（Zhuangzi）開創(chuàng)的道家思想（Taoism）以及中國特色的佛學思想（Buddhism）。其中，對中國影響最大、最深遠的是儒家思想。

The Chinese people pay more attention to the harmonious relation between human beings and nature.“Nature and man are one”is a familiar statement in traditional Chinese ideology.Much emphasis is laid upon the moral cultivation and temper refinement as well as the spiritual enlightenment on the part of the individual rather than upon the logic reasonning.For thousands of years,China,so to speak,has been under the influence of a holistic system of thoughts,which is largely composed of Confucianism initiated by Confucius and Mencius,Taoism initiated by Laozi and Zhuangzi,as well as Buddhish with Chinese characteristics,among which Confucianism played a fundamental role in shaping China.（二）關漢卿是元代成就最高、影響最大的劇作家，他一生寫了60多部雜?。▃aju），現(xiàn)存的還有18部，大多表現(xiàn)了下層婦女的苦難和斗爭。他的代表作《竇娥冤》（Injustice to Dou E）是元雜劇中最著名的悲劇。劇中描寫了善良的女子竇娥，遭到壞人陷害，被官府關進監(jiān)獄，最終含冤被殺的故事。關漢卿的創(chuàng)作對后世戲曲的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。他不僅是中國偉大的戲劇家，也是世界文化名人。

Guan Hanqing was the greatest and most productivive playwright/dramatist of the time.He created over 60 zaju plays,of which 18 are still extant,mostly about the misery and stuggles of women at the bottom of the society,His representative work “Injustice to Dou E ”is the best known of the zaju tragedies.It tells of a kind-hearted young woman falsely accused and thrown into prison by the local authorities and finally murdered.Guan’s plays had great influence on the development of drama of later generations.He is not only the greatest playwright/dramatist in China,but also one of the cultural celebrities of the world.（三）印刷術發(fā)明以前，讀書人要得到一本新書，只有一個字一個字地抄寫。隋末唐初時，發(fā)明了雕版印刷術（block printing），提高了印書的速度。但是每印一本書都要雕大量的版，還是十分費事。到了900多年前的北宋時期，畢昇經(jīng)過反復試驗，發(fā)明了活字印刷術（movable type printing）。他把字刻在一小塊一小塊的膠泥（clay）上，放在火里燒硬，做成一個個活字（movable characters）?；钭钟∷⑿g的發(fā)明大大加快了世界各國文化發(fā)展、交流的速度。

Before printing was invented,a scholar had to copy word for word if he wanted to own it.In the Sui and Tang dynasties,the technology of block printing was invented, and therefore the speed of printing was increased.But when a book was to be printed,many wooden blocks had to be engraved so it was rather troublesome.Till the Northern Song Dynasty more than 900 years ago,Bi Sheng invented movable type printing after repeated experiments.The invention of the printing technique greatly sped up the international development of culture and exchanges.（四）京劇(Peking Opera or Beijing Opera)是中國流行最廣、影響最大的一個劇種，有近200年的歷史。京劇在形成過程中，吸收了許多地方戲的精華，又受到北方方言和風俗習慣的影響。京劇雖然誕生在北京，但不僅僅是北京的地方戲，中國各地都有演出京劇的劇團（troupe）。京劇作為中華民族戲曲的精華，在國內外都有很大的影響。許多外國人專門到中國來學唱京劇。許多京劇表演藝術家也曾到世界各地訪問演出，受到了各國人民的喜愛。

Peking Opera is the most popular and influential opera in China with history of almost 200 years.In the course of its formation,it absorbed the best from many other local operas and was affected by Beijing local dialect and customs.Though Peking Opera originated from Beijing,it is not a localized opera exclusive to Beijing only.Peking Opera troupes can be found in most regions of China.Peking Opera, as the national opera,enjoys a high reputation both inside and outside China.Many foreigners have come to China to learn Peking Opera,while many Beijing Opera troupes and famous opera actors and actress have frequently been invited to perform a Peking broad and have been highly appreciated by foreign audiences.（五）漢字是世界上最古老的文字之一，也是世界上使用人數(shù)最多的文字。漢字的數(shù)量很多，總數(shù)約60000個，其中常用字約6000個。漢字歷史悠久，千百年來，中國人都是用繁體字（Traditional Chinese characters/Traditional Chinese）來書寫，但是，筆畫繁多的繁體字，難認、難記，也難于書寫。1949年以后，為了普及教育的需要，中國政府統(tǒng)一對漢字進行了較大規(guī)模的簡化工作，先后有2000多個繁體字被簡化字（Simplified Chinese characters/Simplified Chinese）取代。現(xiàn)在，簡化字是聯(lián)合國的工作文字之一。

The Chinese characters constitute one of mankind’s oldest systems of writing，and have the most users in the world.There are numerous Chinese characters,totaling about 60,000,with about 6,000 basic ones.Chinese characters hanve a long history.For thousands of years,Chinese people had been writing in Traditional Chinese.However,the Traditional Chinese characters are difficult to identify,memorize and write due to their complicated strokes.From 1949,for the sake of the popularization of education,the Chinese government simplified the Chinese Chracters on large scale.There are more than 2,000 Traditional Chinese Characters that were simplified to today’s appearance.Nowadays Simplified Chinese is one of the working languages used by the UN.(六)春節(jié)在中國是一年中最重要的節(jié)日，既是舊的一年的結束，更是新的一年的

開始。春節(jié)是在農(nóng)歷（the Chinese lunar calendar）每年的一月一日，通常在公歷（the Gregorian calendar）的一月下旬到二月上旬這個階段。春節(jié)這種習俗，在中國已經(jīng)傳承了幾千年了。如今，每年春節(jié)之前，全中國的各大火車站、長途汽車站、飛機場都會異常忙碌。人們想方設法，及時回到各自的家中，與家人團聚。

In China,the Spring Festival is the most important festival in a year.It marks the end of the previous year and the beginning of the new year.It is the first day of the first lunar month each year,usually between the last ten days of January and the ten days of February.The Spring Festival as a custom has been celebrated in China for thousands of years.Nowadays,each year before the Spring Festival ,all railway station , long-distance bus station and airports in China are extremely busy.People try their best to come back to their homes in time for family reunion.（七）中國地域廣闊，人口眾多，即使都使用漢語言，各地區(qū)說的話也不一樣，這就是方言。方言俗稱地方話，是漢語在不同地域的分支，只通行于一定的地域。漢語方言十分復雜，相互之間存在語音、詞匯、語法三個方面的差異。為了方便各地區(qū)人民之間的交流，中國政府十分重視推廣普通話的工作，鼓勵大家都學普通話（putonghua or Standard Chinese or Mandarin Chinese）。

China has a vast territory and a large population.Even though people all use the Chinese language,they speak it differently in different areas.In other words,they speak different dialects.Generally called local language,dialects are branches of the Chinese language only used in certain areas.They are complicated and differ from each other in three aspects:pronunciation,vocabulary and grammar.The most outstanding differences can be found in pronunciation.For the benefit if promoting cultural exchange among people in different areas,the Chinese government attaches great importance to popularizing putonghua and encourages people to learn it.(八)早在戰(zhàn)國時期（the Warring States Period），中國人就使用磁石（magnet）

制成了指示方向的儀器——司南。到了宋代，人們把磁石和方位盤（an azimuth plate）結合起來制成了“羅盤”。羅盤進而演變成我們今天所熟悉的指南針。指南針的發(fā)明，給航海事業(yè)帶來了劃時代的影響，世界航運史也由此翻開了新的一頁。明朝初期鄭和七下西洋（seven maritime voyages），15世紀哥倫布（Christopher Columbus）發(fā)現(xiàn)新大陸和麥哲倫（Ferdinand Magellan）環(huán)繞地球航行等壯舉,都是指南針用于航海事業(yè)的成果。

As early as the Warring States Period,the Chinese invented sinan, a direction-indicating instrument using a magnet.In the Song Dynasty,people created luopan by combining a magnet needle with an azimuth plate,which envolved into what we today know as the compass.The invention of the compass had an epoch-making influence on navigation,thereby opening up a new era in the history of international navigation.The extraordinary achievements——Zheng He’s seven maritime voyages in the early Ming Dynasty,Christopher Columbus’discovery of the New World and Ferdinand Magellan’s sail round the world in the 15th century——were made possible because of the application of the compass for navigation.（九）中秋節(jié)在農(nóng)歷八月十五，正好在秋分（the autumn equinox）前后。農(nóng)歷每月的十五日是月亮最圓的時候。中秋之夜，人們與家人一邊品嘗瓜果和月餅，一邊賞月。月餅最早用于祭祀（sacrifice）的目的，逐漸變成了中秋節(jié)的特有食品。中國人對月亮有一種獨特的情感，他們認為中秋月圓是合家團圓的象征。分散在各地的家人會在這一夜回家團聚，趕不回家的人也要打電話回家問候父母和親人。

The Mid-Autumn Day,the August 15th of the lunar calendar,falls during the autumn equinox.The fifteenth of each lunar month in the calendar is the day of the full moon.On the night of the Festival,people enjoy fruits and moon cakes with their family members as they appreciate the moon’s beauty.The moon cake,which was

originally used for sacrifice,has gradually become a special food of the Festival.The Chinese people have a special emotion for the moon.They believe that the full moon of the Mid-Autumn Festival is a symbol of family reunion.It is for sure a time for family members to be reunited at home.Those who can not make it home would make phone calls and send their best regards to their parents and relatives.（十）在中國中部河南省安陽市，有一片面積約24平方公里的都城廢墟，俗稱殷墟（the Yin Ruins），這是個注定要被要被永遠載入世界文明史冊中的名字。自從1928年首次發(fā)掘以來，這里出土了包括甲骨（tortoise shells）、青銅器（bronze wares）在內的大量文物（cultural relics）。甲骨上的文字即甲骨文（the oracle bone script）的發(fā)現(xiàn)則是世界考古史上的大事之一。甲骨文記載了3000多年前中國社會政治、經(jīng)濟、文化等各方面的資料，是現(xiàn)存最早最珍貴的歷史文物。甲骨文一直是研究中國古代歷史特別是商代歷史的最重要的直接史料。

In Anyang,in central China’s Henan Province,there is a capital city ruins of 24 square kilometers called the Yin Ruins,whose name is destined to make a difference in the history.Since its first excavation in 1928,the Yin Ruins has provided the world with numerous cultural relics including tortoise shells and bronze wares.The discovery of the characters on the shells ,also known as the oracle bone script,is a great event in the history of archaeology.The characters of the oracle bone script recorded the information of 3,000 years ago about Chinese social politics , economics ,culture and so on.They have been the most important direct historical materials for us to study on Chinese ancient history.