第一篇：骨干計(jì)劃英語(yǔ)課后翻譯題Unit 8

Unit 8

1.繁重的工作使得年輕的醫(yī)生英年早逝。(deprive of)Heavy work deprive of the younger doctor`s life.2.村邊的小河有很多魚(yú)蝦。(teem with)

The river near the village teem with fish and shrimp.3.睡眠不足對(duì)孩子的健康構(gòu)成了威脅。(pose a threat)The lack of sleeping pose a threat to children`s health.4.新婚姻法將于明年生效。(take effect)

The new marriage law will take effect next year.5.使館拒絕了他的出國(guó)申請(qǐng)。(set aside)

The embassy set aside his application for going abroad.

第二篇：英語(yǔ)課后翻譯題

Unit 1 1.當(dāng)今的大學(xué)生，盡管他們努力地想使自己成才，但對(duì)未來(lái)還是很模糊的。（establish oneself）

Today's university students are struggling to establish themselves, but they still have ambiguous feelings about their future.2.一個(gè)人如果不能找到自我以外的中心，就不能實(shí)現(xiàn)他的自我價(jià)值。所以，理想的本科教育必須使學(xué)生超越自我。(transcend)A man cannot realize his values without finding a center beyond him.So the idealistic of the undergraduate experience must help the student transcend himself.3.我們強(qiáng)烈地希望在大學(xué)所學(xué)到的知識(shí)在今后的工作與學(xué)習(xí)中能起到重要的作用。（reveal oneself）We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal themselves in our performance in the workplace and further education.4.四年的本科學(xué)習(xí)是走向成功生活的唯一道路，這種說(shuō)法是無(wú)法接受的。（go unchallenged）It cannot go unchallenged to say that the 4-year undergraduate experience is the only path to success in life.5.在對(duì)一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的問(wèn)題做結(jié)論時(shí)，如果只相信所謂的專(zhuān)家而不相信自己，不根據(jù)調(diào)查的結(jié)果，不根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)的數(shù)據(jù)，那是在冒險(xiǎn)。（run the risk of;blind faith in）

We run the risk of making critical decisions, not on the basis of what we know, the findings of investigations, and the data of experiments, but on the basis of blind faith in professed experts.6.我們的事業(yè)需要一批受過(guò)良好教育又能關(guān)心他人的年輕人，他們能團(tuán)結(jié)一致，相互學(xué)習(xí)，積極參加四化建設(shè)。（band together;participate in）

Our task needs a large group of well-informed, caring young people who can band together, learn from each other, and actively participate in the four modernizations.7.如果這所新學(xué)校要有生命力的話(huà)，它培養(yǎng)的學(xué)生不僅要有扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)和熟悉的專(zhuān)業(yè)技能，還要有奉獻(xiàn)精神。（be to endure;commit oneself）

If it is to endure, the new school should help the students not only acquire a solid basic education and become competent in a specific field, but also be ready to commit themselves to others.8.如果大學(xué)生對(duì)考試過(guò)于投入，就有可能把能力與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)放到次要的地位，這樣說(shuō)一點(diǎn)也不過(guò)分。（push to the fringes）

It is not too much to say that if undergraduates excessively devote themselves to examinations, they will push competence and commitment to the fringes.9.我甚至沒(méi)有跟他說(shuō)話(huà)，當(dāng)然更不用說(shuō)與他討論有關(guān)你們學(xué)校的改建問(wèn)題。（much less）I didn't even speak to him, much less discuss the reconstruction of your school with him.10.有人認(rèn)為考試是很重要的，但也有人認(rèn)為考試有不少弊端。所以考試留下了一個(gè)未能解決的問(wèn)題——考試對(duì)教育有什么影響？（open question）

Some people think examinations are second to none, but some think examinations have a lot of disadvantages.Examinations leave us an open essential question---what influence do examinations exert on education?

Unit 2 1.他不但是位出色的銀行家和公認(rèn)的貿(mào)易專(zhuān)家，而且還是位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的企業(yè)主管。(not to mention)He is an experienced banker and an acknowledged trade expert, not to mention an excellent managing director.2.意大利一個(gè)和平組織的志愿者不顧危險(xiǎn)，已開(kāi)赴伊拉克首都巴格達(dá)，組成“人體盾牌”，以阻止美國(guó)轟炸該地。（regardless of）

Regardless of danger, volunteers from an Italian organization for peace have gone to Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, to form a “body shield” for the purpose of preventing the U.S.from bombing the place.3.在這個(gè)家庭里，沒(méi)有人比朱蒂更能致力于經(jīng)營(yíng)房地產(chǎn)生意。（be dedicated to）Nobody in the family is more dedicated to operating the real estate business than Judy.4.由于經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣，房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人正處于或降低房?jī)r(jià)或減少銷(xiāo)售量的兩難境地。(dilemma)Because of the economic depression, real estate agents are in the dilemma of whether to lower prices or let sales fall off.5.史密斯先生往往靠慎重投資而獲取巨額利潤(rùn)。(more ofen than not)More often than not, Mr.Smith earns great profits by careful investment of his capital.6.約翰在學(xué)校里各門(mén)功課的成績(jī)都不怎么樣，但在體育方面倒是身手非凡。(excel at)John did not make much of a mark in his studies at school, but he excelled at sports.7.有條不紊的職責(zé)交接是家庭企業(yè)長(zhǎng)期繁榮的一個(gè)條件。(transition;longrange)Orderly transition of responsibilities is a condition for the long-range prosperity of a family business.8.在制定投資計(jì)劃之前，你最好對(duì)投資前景有個(gè)清楚地了解。(have a clear picture of)You had better have a clear picture of prospects before formulating a plan for investment.9.盡管雕塑費(fèi)時(shí)，但是仍有一些人以雕塑為職業(yè)。(timeconsuming)Although sculpture is a time-consuming art, there are still some people following it as a profession.10.這家電腦軟件公司正處于從獨(dú)資經(jīng)營(yíng)到合資經(jīng)營(yíng)的轉(zhuǎn)化過(guò)程中。(in the midst of)The software company is in the midst of being transformed from an individual proprietorship to a joint venture.Unit 3

1.汽車(chē)誕生后發(fā)展很快，不就就替代了馬。(displace)The automobile was improved very rapidly after it was invented and soon displaced horses.2.由于汽車(chē)污染環(huán)境并嚴(yán)重傷害人體，甚至殺人，我們可能不得不削減私人擁有汽車(chē)的數(shù)量而更多地依賴(lài)公共交通系統(tǒng)。(mass transit systems)We may have to cut down on the number of privately owned cars and depend more on mass transit systems because cars pollute and maim or even kill people.3.汽車(chē)輪子給我們帶來(lái)了更好、更為便利的交通時(shí)，它也應(yīng)對(duì)諸如空氣污染、交通事故、交通擁擠之類(lèi)的許多問(wèn)題負(fù)責(zé)。(be guilty of)While wheels(automobiles)have brought with them better or more convenient transportation, they are guilty of many sins, such as air pollution, traffic accidents and traffic congestion.4.美國(guó)人對(duì)汽車(chē)的熱愛(ài)以及他們較大的工作流動(dòng)性是出了名的。(be noted for)Americans are noted for their love for cars and great job mobility.5.要是燃料質(zhì)量和效率的提高和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步能大大減少汽車(chē)的排放量，那該多好啊。(if only)If only advances in fuel quality and efficiency and in technology would radically reduce the emissions from automobiles.6.在美國(guó)，高速發(fā)達(dá)的公路網(wǎng)使在各地之間來(lái)來(lái)往往成為可能。(from coast to coast)A highly developed highway network has made possible the easy movement from coast to coast in the United States.7.一想到這條林蔭大道的建設(shè)速度，參觀(guān)者都感到很吃驚：這條路不久前還在開(kāi)挖及鋪設(shè)排水管。(the very thought of;tear up)The very thought of the speed at which the beautiful avenue was constructed electrified every visitor;the road had only recently been torn up to lay drain-pipes not long ago.8.環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者嚴(yán)厲譴責(zé)了汽車(chē)，認(rèn)為汽車(chē)是產(chǎn)生空氣污染的主要因素。(denounce)Environmentalists have denounced automobiles, believing they are a major factor in the production of dirty air.9.由于有便利的公共交通，在大都市的市郊，許多新建的住宅群拔地而起。(rise up,complex)Many new residential complexes have risen up in the suburbs of metropolitan cities because of the availability of convenient public transportation.10.盡管非常喜歡汽車(chē)，許多人還是相信廣泛的使用公共交通系統(tǒng)能緩解交通擁擠。（lend credence to）

Despite their love for cars, many people lend credence to the extensive use of the public transport system, which can cut down on traffic congestion.Unit 4 1.一些職業(yè)觀(guān)察家認(rèn)為，現(xiàn)在的年輕人不再對(duì)政治和事業(yè)感興趣，他們?cè)絹?lái)越關(guān)注與他們自身關(guān)系更為密切的問(wèn)題。(preoccupied with)Some professional observers believe that young people today are no longer interested in politics and causes, but rather, have become increasingly preoccupied with issues closer to themselves.2.一個(gè)婦女所獲得的教育程度越高，就越有可能走出小家庭這個(gè)環(huán)境，到社會(huì)上去實(shí)現(xiàn)自我。（be likely to,realize oneself）

The higher a woman’s educational attainment, the more likely she is to go out of the private setting of the nuclear family and to realize herself in the community.3.就我而言，一些已婚夫婦做出選擇不要小孩的真正原因是他們非常自戀，以至于他們沒(méi)有多余的愛(ài)給別人。(start a family,lie behind,have no margin of,spare)As far as I am concerned, what really lies behind the decision of some married couples not to start a family is that they are so narcissistic and have no margin of love to spare others.4.這家公司甚至在未征求發(fā)明人同意的情況下，就將其一項(xiàng)注冊(cè)過(guò)的新發(fā)明投放市場(chǎng)。這一行為違反了專(zhuān)利法。(go against)The company put on the market a registered invention even without asking the inventor’s permission, which goes against the patent law.5.在一些國(guó)家的敦促下，聯(lián)合國(guó)對(duì)該國(guó)施加壓力，迫使其放棄研制和使用核武器。（pressure sb to do）Urged by some other countries, the United Nations has pressured the country to give up developing and using nuclear weapons.6.按照每個(gè)會(huì)員必須是無(wú)子女的這一規(guī)定，懷特先生及其太太只好退出Non-Parent協(xié)會(huì)，因?yàn)樗麄兒芸炀鸵?dāng)父母了。(alternative,parenthood)According to the rule that every member should remain childless, Mr.And Ms.white have no alternative but to withdraw from the Non-Parent Association, for they will attain parenthood soon.7.他期望通過(guò)上演一部肥皂劇來(lái)揭示現(xiàn)實(shí)生活所固有的復(fù)雜性。(implicit)He expects to reveal, by presenting a soap opera, the complexity implicit in real life.8.幾乎在每個(gè)國(guó)家，嗜用麻醉品，酗酒和摧殘兒童都有變?yōu)樽盍钊松钏嫉纳鐣?huì)問(wèn)題的趨勢(shì)。(loom as)In virtually every country, drug abuse, alcohol abuse and child abuse loom as most challenging social problems.9.在接受來(lái)訪(fǎng)時(shí)，這些老年人合理地解釋了為什么會(huì)對(duì)當(dāng)今青年人產(chǎn)生矛盾心理的原因。(be ambivalent about,rationalize)When interviewed, these elderly people rationalized why they were ambivalent about today’s young people.10.不少大學(xué)生更關(guān)心怎樣在畢業(yè)后謀得一份報(bào)酬優(yōu)厚工作，怎樣在這個(gè)充滿(mǎn)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的社會(huì)里迅速得到提升。(be concerned with)Many college students are far more concerned with how to get a highly-paid job on graduation and how to receive a quick promotion in the competitive society.Unit 5

1.總的來(lái)說(shuō)，人變得越來(lái)越有同情心；不少家庭收養(yǎng)了來(lái)自市孤兒院的孤兒。(take in,orphanage)Generally, people have become more compassionate and quite a few families have taken in an orphan from the municipal orphanage.2.一個(gè)有工作的婦女既要照顧她的孩子和和老人，又要設(shè)法保有這份工作，是一件非常困難的事情。(hold down)It is a demanding task for a workingwoman to look after her parents and her children while holding down a job.3.起先，我們對(duì)他們初次在異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)生活感到擔(dān)憂(yōu)，但是結(jié)果他們?cè)谀莻€(gè)國(guó)家生活得相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)。(work out)At first we were worried about their first stay in a foreign country, but things there worked out much better for them.4.今天，中年人的孩子比他們父母的孩子要少得多；40年后人口老化問(wèn)題可能成為他們孩子的沉重負(fù)擔(dān)。(weigh on)Today's middle-aged people have fewer children than their parents did, and the aging population problem may weigh on them in about 40 years.5.希望目前的教育改革能為學(xué)生更好地迎接社會(huì)的挑戰(zhàn)做好準(zhǔn)備。(set up)It is hoped that the current reform in education will better set students up to meet the challenges from society.6.政府想把一部分健康護(hù)理的負(fù)擔(dān)轉(zhuǎn)嫁給個(gè)人；但是家庭成員并不總是有空的，因?yàn)樗麄儾荒茈x開(kāi)工作來(lái)照顧生病的老人。(break away from)The government intends to transfer some of the health-care burden to the individual family;but family members are not always available for the task because they cannot break away from their jobs to look after the sick elderly.7.對(duì)養(yǎng)老院床位的需求越來(lái)越大，我們不得不想盡一切辦法騰出床位。(free up)There is an increasing demand for beds in the nursing home, and we have to try every possible means to free them up.8.隨著該國(guó)老年人的日益增多，為醫(yī)療保健和養(yǎng)老金提供資金可能使政府感到恐懼。(scare the devil out of)With the increase of elderly population in this country, financing health care and pensions could scare the devil out of the government.9.這對(duì)年輕夫婦不得不做出犧牲，以避免使他們年邁的慈父?jìng)摹＃╨et down）The young couple has to make some sacrifice to avoid letting their old beloved father down.10.他們?cè)谡疹櫮赀~多病的老父時(shí)所經(jīng)歷的一切使他們更具有同情心并向養(yǎng)老院捐了款。(go through)What they had gone through in looking after their sick old father made them more compassionate, and they made a donation to the nursing home

第三篇：英語(yǔ)課后題翻譯

第一單元

1.這種植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成長(zhǎng)。(other than)

The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.2.研究結(jié)果表明，無(wú)論我們白天做了什么事情，晚上都會(huì)做大約兩個(gè)小時(shí)的夢(mèng)。(may have done)

Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day.3.有些人往往責(zé)怪別人沒(méi)有盡最大努力，以此來(lái)為自己的失敗辯護(hù)。(justify sth.by)Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.4.我們忠于我們的承諾：凡是答應(yīng)做的，我們都會(huì)做到。(remain true to)We remain true to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do, we would do it.5.連貝多芬的父親都不相信自己兒子日后有一天可能成為世界上最偉大的音樂(lè)家。愛(ài)迪生也同樣如此，他的老師覺(jué)得他似乎過(guò)于遲鈍。(discount;be true of)

Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world.The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.6.當(dāng)局控告他們威脅國(guó)家安全。(accuse sb.of sth.)

They were accused by the authorities of threatening the state security.第二單元

1.要是這部喜劇中的人物更幽默些的話(huà)，就會(huì)吸引更多的觀(guān)眾。(if...had + past participle, would + have + past participle)

If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience.2.她從未對(duì)自己的能力失去信心，因此她有可能成為一名成功的演員。(it is a possibility to)She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.3.我從未受過(guò)正式培訓(xùn)，我只是邊干邊學(xué)。(go along)

I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along.4.隨著產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入國(guó)際市場(chǎng)，他們的品牌知名度越來(lái)越高了。(find one's way into)

As their products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining in popularity.5.她可以編造一個(gè)故事，說(shuō)自己被竊賊打昏，所有的錢(qián)都沒(méi)了，但她懷疑自己是否能讓這故事聽(tīng)起來(lái)可信。(make up)

She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.6.誰(shuí)都不清楚他是否故意推遲了這次訪(fǎng)問(wèn)，可是這引起了對(duì)他更多的批評(píng)。(on purpose)No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him.第三單元

1.據(jù)報(bào)道有七八位官員收受賄賂，市長(zhǎng)決定親自出馬調(diào)查這件事。(be reported to;look into)Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has decided to look into the affair in person.2.這些工人后悔當(dāng)時(shí)接受管理部門(mén)的意見(jiàn)重新回去工作?，F(xiàn)在他們?cè)俅蚊媾R失業(yè)的危險(xiǎn)了。(regret doing sth.;yield to;be faced with)

These workers regret yielding to the management's advice and going back to work.Now they are again faced with the threat of losing their jobs.3.你只需填寫(xiě)一張表格就可取得會(huì)員資格，它可以使你在買(mǎi)東西時(shí)享受打折的優(yōu)惠。(fill out)

You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitles you to a discount on goods.4.不知為什么他們的汽車(chē)在半路壞掉了，結(jié)果他們比原計(jì)劃晚到了三個(gè)小時(shí)。(break down)Their car broke down halfway for no reason.As a result they arrived three hours later than they had planned.5.那位官員卷入了一場(chǎng)丑聞，數(shù)周后被迫辭職。(get involved in)

The official got involved in a scandal and was forced to resign weeks later.6.這個(gè)靠救濟(jì)過(guò)日子的人開(kāi)始慢慢地建立起自己的市場(chǎng)，生意日漸興隆。(build up;one step at a time)

The man living on welfare began to build up his own market, one step at a time and his business is thriving.第四單元

1.我父母不是對(duì)我的教育投資，而是把錢(qián)花在了買(mǎi)新住房上。(rather than)

Rather than invest in my education, my parents spent their money on a new house.2.如今，人們用于休閑娛樂(lè)的開(kāi)支是過(guò)去的兩倍。(twice as...as)

Today, people are spending twice as much on entertainment and relaxation as they did in the past.3.一家公司要成功，它必須跟上市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展。(keep pace with)

In order to be successful, a business must keep pace with developments in the marketplace.4.與申請(qǐng)這個(gè)職位的其他女孩相比，她流利的英語(yǔ)是個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)。(give an advantage over)Her fluency in English gave her an advantage over other girls for the job.5.對(duì)于學(xué)生而言，沒(méi)有任何地方比圖書(shū)館更好了，在那里所有的圖書(shū)都任由他們使用。(at one's disposal)

For students, nowhere is better than the library, where all the books are at their disposal.6.我們要充分利用好這個(gè)平臺(tái)，加強(qiáng)交流，拓展合作領(lǐng)域，共謀發(fā)展大計(jì)。(make use of)We should make full use of the platform to strengthen communication, expand cooperation in more areas and seek further development through joint efforts.第五單元

1.這位小個(gè)子男子并不如他看上去那么單純。(not so...as)

This little man is not so innocent as he appears.2.對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題我已束手無(wú)策了，所以你不妨去求助于王教授吧。(might as well)

There's nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.3.雙方高度評(píng)價(jià)了在不同領(lǐng)域合作取得的成果，并希望合作進(jìn)一步加深。(speak highly of)Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that the cooperation can be furthered.4.一方面，親民形象能使新政策更易于被民眾接受，另一方面，它也能“廣直言之路，啟進(jìn)善之門(mén)”。(on the one hand, on the other hand)

On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily accepted.On the other hand, it will “encourage people to speak their minds and come up with constructive suggestions”.5.他孤獨(dú)的感覺(jué)時(shí)起時(shí)落，他有時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)自己、對(duì)寵物、對(duì)電視機(jī)嘮叨不休。(rise and fall, at length)

His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his pets and the television.6.畢竟，金錢(qián)不是萬(wàn)能的，最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。(after all)

After all, money is not everything.The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.第六單元

1.假設(shè)你發(fā)現(xiàn)了你自己的同事受賄，你會(huì)不會(huì)無(wú)動(dòng)于衷呢？(Use “suppose” as a conjunction.)

Suppose you found out that your colleague takes bribes, would you just ignore it?

2.他如此固執(zhí)，我們已對(duì)他失望了。跟他爭(zhēng)論一點(diǎn)意義都沒(méi)有。(give up on;it is + adjective + to do/that-clause)

We've given up on him because he is so stubborn.It is pointless to argue with him.3.他突然想到了一個(gè)加速實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)程的好辦法，但組里的成員卻對(duì)此意見(jiàn)不一。(hit upon;speed up)

He hit upon a good method to speed up the progress of the experiment, but opinions differed among members of the group on it.4.今天我能夠使自己的職業(yè)與興趣相符，之前我是做不到的。(square...with)Today I'm able to square my profession with my interest, which I wasn't able to do before.5.要成為一名駕駛員，視覺(jué)上分辨紅色與綠色的能力是必不可少的。(distinguish between)The ability to visually distinguish between red and green is essential to becoming a driver.6.這個(gè)組由七個(gè)人組成，他們經(jīng)常見(jiàn)面，分享彼此的信息。(consist of)

The team consisted of seven people who met on a regular basis to share their information with each other.第七單元

1.這些科學(xué)家在創(chuàng)建基因圖譜的過(guò)程中體會(huì)到：合作不僅僅是一種有吸引力的選擇，它還是一種責(zé)任。(more than)

In the process of creating the genetic map, these scientists realized that cooperation was more than an attractive option;it was a responsibility.2.他們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)直就是一個(gè)奇跡。由于他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們對(duì)人類(lèi)基因的歷史有了新的了解。(nothing less than;shed light on)

Their research findings were nothing less than a miracle.As a result of their findings, new light has been shed on the history of human genes.3.事實(shí)上，只有勤奮加方法得當(dāng)才能使你在學(xué)習(xí)上比他人有優(yōu)勢(shì)。(in combination with;give an advantage over)

In fact, only hard work in combination with proper methods will give you an advantage over others.4.法官說(shuō)這種懲罰將起到殺一儆百的作用。(serve as)

The judge said the punishment would serve as a warning to others.5.感染的危險(xiǎn)只限于那些與病人有親密接觸的人。(be confined to)

The risk of infection is confined to those who have close contact with the patients.6.從這一分析中我們可以更好地知道發(fā)生了什么以及要做些什么。(in a better position to do)From such an analysis we are in a better position to understand what has happened and what to do about it.第八單元

1.只要他守規(guī)矩，我倒不在乎他晚上在外呆得這么晚。(mind + V-ing)

I don't mind his staying out so late as long as he behaves himself.2.與其他計(jì)劃相比，我更喜歡他的計(jì)劃，因?yàn)槲矣X(jué)得沒(méi)有任何一個(gè)計(jì)劃比他的計(jì)劃更實(shí)際。(no + singular nouns or plural nouns;in that)

I prefer his plan to others in that I think no plan is more practical than his.3.他們與那家公司中斷了生意來(lái)往，因?yàn)槟羌夜旧弦粋€(gè)財(cái)政損失慘重，已經(jīng)破產(chǎn)了。(break off)

They broke off business relations with that company as it suffered huge losses in the last fiscal year and went bankrupt.4.既然你不喜歡他，當(dāng)初為什么還要邀請(qǐng)他參加你的生日晚會(huì)呢？(now that;in the first place)

Now that you don't like him, why did you invite him to your birthday party in the first place?

5.雖然知道獲勝的可能性不大，但比賽失敗后，我們多少還是有點(diǎn)沮喪。(more or less)Though we knew our chances to win were slim, we were more or less depressed when we lost in the game.6.也許這是為進(jìn)步而付出的代價(jià)，誰(shuí)知道呢?(pay the price)

Perhaps this was the price that has to be paid for progress—who knows?

第九單元

1.盡管他們做出了巨大的努力，但目前為止，博物館每天的參觀(guān)者仍然還是很少。(for all;so far)

For all their great efforts, the museum's daily attendance has so far still been very low.2.作為對(duì)政府檢查員批評(píng)的回應(yīng)，公司改變了一些做法，而不是放棄自己的規(guī)定。(in response to;rather than)

In response to criticism by government inspectors, the company changed some of its practices rather than gave up its rules.3.警方提醒乘客，不要將錢(qián)和貴重物品放在提包里，以防被盜。(warn against)

The police warned the passengers against putting money and precious things in bags lest they should be stolen.4.調(diào)查應(yīng)集中于父母和孩子們?nèi)绾慰创龑W(xué)校滿(mǎn)足他們需求的那些辦法。(focus on)

Surveys ought to focus on how parents and children perceive the ways in which the school satisfies their needs.5.一瞬間，特斯（Tess）由一個(gè)天真的女孩變成了一個(gè)成熟、受過(guò)良好教育的女子。(in a flash)

In a flash, Tess changed from an innocent girl to a mature and well-educated woman.6.我能證實(shí)200列新火車(chē)正在制造中，第一批將在今年五月投入運(yùn)營(yíng)。(come into service)I can confirm that 200 new trains are being manufactured and that the first of those trains will come into service in May this year.第十單元

1.無(wú)論你的智商有多高，你的看法都受到個(gè)人經(jīng)歷的局限，因此要學(xué)會(huì)吸納他人有用的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。(no matter...)

No matter how high your IQ is, your view is limited by the experience you have had and so you should learn to incorporate the useful perspectives of others.2.這個(gè)游戲非常有趣，他們誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有注意到時(shí)間的流逝。(Use inverted order of “so...that...”;take note of)

So interesting was the game that none of them took note of the passage of time.3.我一直在整理這些舊文件，看看哪些有用，哪些需要扔掉。(sort through)

I've been sorting through these old documents to see which are useful and which can be thrown away.4.隨著年齡越來(lái)越大，你應(yīng)該考慮未來(lái)的計(jì)劃。(reflect on)

As you get older you should reflect on future plans.5.他在演出中的亮相簡(jiǎn)直是個(gè)轟動(dòng)。(nothing less than)

His appearance in the show was nothing less than a sensation.6.他們每個(gè)月都從工資中留出一筆錢(qián)，用于孩子將來(lái)的教育。(set aside)

Every month they set aside a particular amount of money from their salary for the sake of their kid's education in the future.

第四篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ) 翻譯課后題

United 1 A 1.任何年滿(mǎn)18歲的人都有資格投票 1.Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote.2.每學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)前，這些獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的申請(qǐng)表格就會(huì)由學(xué)校發(fā)給每一個(gè)學(xué)生。

2.A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to each student before the start of each semester.3.遵照醫(yī)生的建議，我決定戒煙。

3.On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking.4.公園位于縣城的正中央。

4.The park is located right in the center of town.5.這所大學(xué)提供了我們所需的所有材料和設(shè)備。

5.The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire.B 1.魯迅是中國(guó)最偉大的作家，同時(shí)也是世界杰出文人之一。

1.Lu Xun is one of the greatest writer in China and one of the world’s outstanding men of letters.2.大部分研究生選擇了文學(xué)作為其研究領(lǐng)域，其余的選擇了語(yǔ)言學(xué)。

2.Most graduate students chose literature as their field of study, and the rest made linguistics their choice.3.人們購(gòu)買(mǎi)什么樣的戶(hù)型居住是根據(jù)各自的特殊需要和有關(guān)專(zhuān)家的建議。

3.People buy what kind of houses to live in on the basis of their special needs and on the advice of relevant experts.4.這些虛擬教學(xué)設(shè)施能使亞非學(xué)生在一個(gè)真實(shí)的情景中學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)至少 3 個(gè)月。

4.These virtual teaching facilities enable overseas students from Asia and Africa to learn a foreign language in a real-life situation for a minimum of three months.5.學(xué)生在做出決定前應(yīng)該認(rèn)真核查他們是否有資格加入這一俱樂(lè)部，因?yàn)樗麄兠總€(gè)人只有一次選擇機(jī)會(huì)。

5.Students should check carefully that they are eligible to join this club before making their decision, as each of them is restricted to only one choice.United 2 A 1.警察們正忙著填寫(xiě)關(guān)于這場(chǎng)事故的各種表格。1.The policemen are busy filling out forms about the accident.2.我想在還車(chē)之前把油箱(fuel tank)加滿(mǎn)。

2.I want to fill up the fuel tank before returning the car.3.如果你要投訴，最好遵循正確的程序。

3.If you want to make a complaint, you’d better follow the correct procedure.4.要不是約翰幫忙，我們絕不會(huì)這么快就完成實(shí)驗(yàn)。

4.We couldn’t have finished the experiment so soon without John’s help.5.暴風(fēng)雨之后，岸邊的人們焦急地搜索湖面以期發(fā)現(xiàn)小船的蹤跡。

5.After the storm, the people on the shore anxiously scanned the lake for any sign of the boat.B 1.那時(shí)他剛剛被提升為公司副總裁不久，所以他并沒(méi)有期待六個(gè)月內(nèi)還會(huì)有升職。1.He had just been promoted to vice president of the company and wasn’t expecting another promotion in six months 2.大學(xué)畢業(yè)不久他就找到了一份滿(mǎn)意的工作。.Shortly after he graduated from school, he jumped to a satisfactory job.3.絕大多數(shù)大學(xué)都有自己的主頁(yè)，可以讓申請(qǐng)者搜索他們需要的資料。

3.Most colleges and universities have their homepages, enabling applicants to scan for the information available about the university they want to apply to.4.她輕輕地點(diǎn)擊了一下鼠標(biāo)，就把作業(yè)上交給了導(dǎo)師，并很快得到了回音。

4.With a click of her mouse, she submitted her assignment to the tutor and soon got the reply.5.通過(guò)進(jìn)入她將就讀的大學(xué)的網(wǎng)站，她看到這所大學(xué)的許多彩色照片，還包括一幅詳細(xì)的校園地圖。

5.By accessing the website of the university she was going to study in, she saw color photos of the university, including a detailed map of the university campus.United 3 A 1.我們需要通過(guò)減少道路上的車(chē)輛以降低燃料消耗。

1.We need to cut down on our fuel consumption by having fewer cars on the road.2.電費(fèi)上漲增加了我們的負(fù)擔(dān)。

2.The rise in power costs has added to our burden.3.你應(yīng)該自己判斷行事，別總是跟在你哥哥的后面。3.You should judge by yourself, and not always follow your brother’s lead.4.那種發(fā)型今年很流行，但是我想明年就會(huì)過(guò)時(shí)。

4.That hairstyle is in fashion this year, but I am afraid it will be out of fashion next year.5.在追求真理的過(guò)程中，我們注定要遭受失敗的痛苦。5.We are fated to suffer from many failures in our quest for truth.B 1.我從來(lái)沒(méi)有停止考慮過(guò)我是否適合成為父母要我去做的人，雖然我一直聽(tīng)從父母的意愿 1.I’ve never stopped to question whether I’m fit to be what my parents want me to be though I’ve always been listening to my parents.2.一個(gè)人所做的所有事情都受到他的習(xí)慣、個(gè)性或生活方式的影響，是他的習(xí)慣、個(gè)性或生活方式告訴他需要這樣做。

2.All the things one has done are influenced by what his habits, his personality, or his way of life tell him he needs to do so.3.大學(xué)是一個(gè)你可以與教授、學(xué)者一起工作的地方，因而你可以學(xué)習(xí)成為你想探索的任何領(lǐng)域的專(zhuān)門(mén)人才。

3.College is a place where you can work with professors and scholars, so you can learn to be an expert in whatever field you want to be exploring.4.雖然我常翻閱雜志查看流行時(shí)尚，但仍然受到傳統(tǒng)服裝樣式的影響。

4.Although I look to magazines for fashion, I am still affected by the traditional dressing styles.5.因?yàn)槿说谋拘宰屛覀冊(cè)敢獯虬缙?，所以我們往往跟著時(shí)尚模特的樣子做。

5.Because human nature makes us want to look nice, we follow the lead fashion models give us.United 4 A 1.她在公共汽車(chē)站一直等到末班車(chē)進(jìn)站。

1.She waited at the bus stop until the last bus came in.2.如果我們能幫得上忙，盡管和我們聯(lián)系。

2.If there is any way we can be of assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us.3.他需要多少船務(wù)人員才能使他的游艇(yacht)航行？ 3.How many crew does he need to sail his yacht? 4.雖然她的新書(shū)沒(méi)有上一本好，但是我還是喜歡它。

4.I enjoyed her new book though it’s not quite as good as her last one.5.我從未遇到過(guò)如此善良的人。

5.Never before have I met such a kind person.B 1.在這個(gè)國(guó)家，以前從來(lái)沒(méi)有這么多的人參加慢跑運(yùn)動(dòng)。

1.Never before had so many people taken part in jogging in this country.2.火箭升空的一剎那，所有的人都顯得很激動(dòng)。突然，火箭爆炸，燃成了一個(gè)火球。2.All the people appeared to be excited the moment the rocket reared up into the sky when it suddenly exploded into a ball of flames.3.4點(diǎn)30分，飛機(jī)被劫持開(kāi)往鄰國(guó)。

3.It was 4:30 P.M.when the airplane was hijacked and directed to a neighbor country.4.包括9個(gè)在海外工作的，全班30個(gè)同學(xué)都回來(lái)參加了聚會(huì)。

4.All 30 classmates came back for the reunion party, including nine alumni who are now working overseas.5.警察仔細(xì)搜尋了兇殺現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，只找到一個(gè)仍在黑暗中冒著輕煙的煙頭。

5.All that remained as the police combed through the scene of the murder was a cigarette end still smoking and flashing in the darkness.United 5 A 1.我們得把感情放在一邊，從專(zhuān)業(yè)的(professional)角度來(lái)對(duì)待這件事.We have to put aside our emotions and take it from a professional standpoint.2.這部戲非常精彩，我很快就沉浸于激動(dòng)人心的劇情之中。The play was so wonderful that I soon lost myself in the excitement of it.3.她沒(méi)有什么愛(ài)好 —— 除非你把看電視也算是一種愛(ài)好。She hasn’t got any hobbies — unless you call watching TV a hobby.4.他說(shuō)他是直接從市長(zhǎng)本人那里得到這個(gè)信息的。

Answer:He said that he had got the information first-hand from the Mayor himself.5.既然你不能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我們最好問(wèn)問(wèn)別人。

Since you can’t answer the question, perhaps we’d better ask someone else 5B 1.我們要怎樣才能找到一個(gè)合適的辦法來(lái)引導(dǎo)殘疾人士走向成功呢？

1.How can we find a proper way to steer disabled people toward success? 2.不錯(cuò)，她是做過(guò)很可怕的事，但她已因此而受到了懲罰，而且現(xiàn)在她也愿意為此作出補(bǔ)償。2.It’s true that she did something terrible before, but she was already punished for that—and she’s willing to make it up for that.3.上大學(xué)時(shí)我曾幾度醉心于看偵探小說(shuō)，但大學(xué)幾年的大部分時(shí)間我還是讀了各種有關(guān)大自然的書(shū)籍。

3.In college there were periods when I was highly focused on reading detective stories, but for most of my college years I read a wide range of books on nature.4.體操房并不是可以運(yùn)動(dòng)健身的惟一去處。

4.The gym isn’t the only place where you can exercise so as to keep energetic.5.保持學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力才會(huì)成功，除非你為你的職業(yè)生涯選擇了一條死胡同。

5.Staying motivated in your study can lead to success—unless your choice ends up a dead end for your career.United 6A 1.那件工作很難做，不過(guò)我想試試看。

Answer:It’s a difficult job, but I’d like to have a shot.2.這是一本關(guān)于商務(wù)實(shí)踐而非理論的書(shū)。

Answer:This is a book about business practice as opposed to theory.3.社會(huì)活動(dòng)從未耽誤她的學(xué)習(xí)。

Answer:Social activities never get in the way of her studies.4.直到1911年人們才發(fā)現(xiàn)第一種維生素

Answer:It was not until 1911 that the first of the vitamins was identified.5.很明顯，自然災(zāi)害是造成這個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的原因。

Answer:Natural disasters have obviously contributed to the country’s economic crisis.6B 1.從那一刻起，在《哈利?波特》系列影片中擔(dān)任主角的11歲少年丹尼爾意識(shí)到自己的生活從此永遠(yuǎn)地改變了。From that moment on, 11-year-old Daniel who played the leading role in the “Harry Potter” movies recognized that his life would never be the same.2.這個(gè)年輕人相信：不管前進(jìn)途中有多少困難，他都會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)他的夢(mèng)想。He was a young man who believed that he will fulfill his dream no matter how many difficulties lie in the way.3.他的妻子在車(chē)禍中喪生之后，他才意識(shí)到妻子在他的生活中曾經(jīng)有多么重要。3 It wasn’t until his wife was killed in the accident that he realized how important she had been in his life.4.手中拿著一本童話(huà)故事書(shū)時(shí)，我總是覺(jué)得我被領(lǐng)進(jìn)了一個(gè)美麗而純潔的世界。4 With fairy tale book in hand, I always felt I was ushered into a world of beauty and purity.5.正像運(yùn)動(dòng)員要達(dá)到完美的地步需要日復(fù)一日反復(fù)訓(xùn)練一套大的日常訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃中的少數(shù)動(dòng)作一樣，一個(gè)好學(xué)生平日就應(yīng)該不斷努力充實(shí)自己。Just as an athlete achieves perfection by repeated training of a few actions of the larger routine day after day, a good student should make continuous efforts to improve himself on a regular basis United 7 1.他并不后悔說(shuō)過(guò)的話(huà)，只是覺(jué)得他完全可以不用這種方式表達(dá)。

1.He did not regret what he had said but felt that he could have expressed it differently.2.我們最好等到12月14日。那時(shí)大衛(wèi)已考完試，就能和我們一起去度假了。

2.Answer: We’d better wait till 14 December.David will have had his exam by then, so he’ll be able to go on holiday with us.3.他正在做一個(gè)新項(xiàng)目，年底前必須完成。

3.He’s working on a new project which has to be finished by the end of the year.4.他們讓我們使用他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)室，作為回報(bào)，我們則讓他們分享研究成果.4.They are letting us use their lab, and in return, we are sharing with them the results of our research.5.諸如打電話(huà)，聽(tīng)電話(huà)一類(lèi)的事情占用了這位秘書(shū)的大部分時(shí)間。

5.Such things as making and answering telephone calls take up most of the secretary’s time.B 1.盡管他有病在身，他卻是我們公司尤其是銷(xiāo)售部的頂梁柱。Despite his illness, he is a pillar of strength for our company and especially for the sales department.2.她從不懼怕困難，因?yàn)樗啦还馨l(fā)生什么事，父母的關(guān)愛(ài)總會(huì)和她在一起。.She never feared difficulties, because she knew that no matter what, her parents’ concern and love would be there.3.湯姆決定輟學(xué)。像任何有責(zé)任心的老師那樣，威爾遜先生極力勸阻他改變主意

3.Tom decided to drop out of school, and Mr.Wilson tried to sway him from his decision, as any responsible teacher would.4.結(jié)果，中國(guó)女子排球隊(duì)接著獲得了一枚又一枚金牌，成為整個(gè)國(guó)家的一個(gè)令人激動(dòng)的事件。4.As it turned out, the Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team went on to win one gold medal after another, an exciting event for the whole country.5.只要堅(jiān)持下去，你的目標(biāo)就一定能實(shí)現(xiàn)。5.Hang in there and your goal will certainly be achieved.United 8 1.為了追求更為健康的飲食，人們現(xiàn)在比過(guò)去吃魚(yú)多。

1.In pursuit of a healthier diet, people are eating more fish than they used to.2.我們需要在壞天氣到來(lái)之前叫人把屋頂修一修。

2.We need to have the roof repaired before the bad weather sets in.3.這種疾病正在蔓延，所有兒童都有被傳染的危險(xiǎn)。3.The disease is spreading, and all young children are at risk.4.信息通過(guò)電話(huà)線(xiàn)從一臺(tái)電腦傳到另一臺(tái)電腦。

4.The information is transmitted from one computer to another through a telephone line.5.杰克是個(gè)相當(dāng)好的賽跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員。他在大多數(shù)情況下都能獲勝。5.Jack is a fairly good runner.He wins more often than not.1.聽(tīng)說(shuō)這家高新技術(shù)公司實(shí)施了多種優(yōu)惠政策以防止人才流失。

1.It sounds like this high-tech company has put in place many favorable measures to protect against brain drains.2.如果造紙廠(chǎng)為了追求高額利潤(rùn)而置環(huán)境問(wèn)題于不顧，就著實(shí)堪憂(yōu)了

2.The worry comes when paper-mills ignore the environmental pollution in pursuit of profits.3.參加托?？荚嚽叭ド峡记拜o導(dǎo)班非常重要，但要想真正學(xué)好英語(yǔ)這卻不是一勞永逸之策。3.It’s vitally important that one attend a test-preparation class before taking a TOEFL test but this cannot be a one-off event if he really wants to have a good command of English.4.醫(yī)生的潛意識(shí)里應(yīng)該隨時(shí)留意潛在的危險(xiǎn)，而且一旦出現(xiàn)緊急情況必須立刻采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧?。regulations 4.The potential threat should always be in the back of a doctor’s mind and appropriate measures should be taken in no time once emergency arises.5.歸根到底，科學(xué)和教育是一個(gè)國(guó)家興旺發(fā)達(dá)的關(guān)鍵，而且應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持不懈。

5.In the end, science and education are the keys to a prosperous country and this is a continual process.UNIT1 1.他內(nèi)心深處知道，他們永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)再見(jiàn)了。(in one’s heart)He knew in his heart that they would never meet again.2.他們同意出版他的第一本書(shū)后，他終于感到自己快要成功了。(on the road to)He finally felt that he was on the road to success after they agreed to publish his first book.3.他停下來(lái)喝了一口(a sip of)水，然后繼續(xù)講話(huà)。(resume)He stopped to take a sip of water and then resumed speaking.4.這個(gè)大項(xiàng)目使我們忙得今年都無(wú)法安排一次度假了。(engage;so much that)The big project engages us so much that we can’t manage to take a holiday this year.5.氧氣(oxygen)是氣體中最重要的一種，正如水是液體中最重要的一種一樣。(just as)Just as water is the most important of liquids, oxygen is the most important of gases.UNIT2 2C 1.沒(méi)有身份證(ID card)我不能放任何人進(jìn)來(lái)，但對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)是例外(exception)。(in one’s case)I’m not supposed to let anyone in without an ID card, but I’ll make an exception in your case.2.他已經(jīng)從失敗中汲取教訓(xùn)，不會(huì)犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。(learn a lesson from)He has learned his lesson from the failure and won’t repeat the mistake.3.我對(duì)你的能力很有信心，相信你一定能成功。(have faith in)I have great faith in your ability — I’m sure you’ll succeed.4.即使下著雨，我們還是繼續(xù)比賽。(even though)Even though it was raining, we still went on with our match.5.我醒過(guò)來(lái)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在醫(yī)院的床上。(find oneself doing)I woke up to find myself lying on a hospital bed.UNIT 3 1.我發(fā)現(xiàn)量入為出地過(guò)日子越來(lái)越難了。(increasingly)I find it increasingly difficult to live within my income.2.現(xiàn)代政治家們都試圖以電視講話(huà)來(lái)影響普通百姓。(reach out)Modern politicians try to reach out to ordinary people in their TV speeches.3.應(yīng)該幫助學(xué)生對(duì)人生采取積極的態(tài)度。(adopt)Pupils should be helped to adopt a positive attitude to life.4.希望全班同學(xué)參加這些討論。(participate in)Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions.5.如果你犯了罪就必須受到懲罰。(crime)If you commit a crime you must expect to be punished.UNIT 4 1.公共汽車(chē)放慢速度并停下，讓那位乘客上車(chē)。(slow down)The bus slowed down and stopped to allow the passenger to get on board.2.許多車(chē)子都駛過(guò)去了，可是沒(méi)有一輛愿意讓我們搭便車(chē)。(roll by)Many vehicles rolled by, but no one offered us a ride.3.請(qǐng)勿踐踏草地。(get off)Please get off the grass.4.他按妻子的吩咐，一下班就去了市場(chǎng)。(make one’s way)He made his way to the marketplace right after work, as his wife had asked him to do.5.值得慶幸的是，史蒂夫(Steve)從自行車(chē)上摔下來(lái)時(shí)沒(méi)有摔斷骨頭。(luckily)Luckily, Steve didn’t break any bones when he fell off his bike.UNIT 5 1.由于公共汽車(chē)司機(jī)突然剎車(chē)(brake)，旅客們都不由自主地向前摔倒。(pitch forward)Answer:All the passengers pitched forward because the bus driver braked sharply.2.這個(gè)協(xié)議Answer:This a將沖破對(duì)自由貿(mào)易設(shè)置的障礙。(break through;obstacle)greement will break through the obstacles to free trade.3.我剛放下叫出租車(chē)的電話(huà)，車(chē)就來(lái)了。(soon after)Answer:The taxi arrived soon after I rang for it.4.在過(guò)去不管我什么時(shí)候到家，我父母總會(huì)等我。(no matter)Answer:My parents always waited up for me no matter what time I got home.5.由于沒(méi)有一方愿意讓步，兩個(gè)公司之間的對(duì)話(huà)完全破裂了。(break down)Answer:Talks between the two countries completely broke down, because neither of them wanted to give in.UNIT 6 1.我們的婚姻很幸福，但我們也曾經(jīng)歷過(guò)許多坎坷。(ups and downs)Our marriage is happy but we’ve had many ups and downs.2.許多外語(yǔ)教師常常在課堂上自己講得太多。(be inclined to)Many teachers of foreign languages are inclined to talk too much themselves in class.3.那位著名演員每天早晨鍛煉一小時(shí)以保持健康。(work out)The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning.4.與他促膝長(zhǎng)談之后，她的懷疑消失了。(melt away)Answer: After a long heart-to-heart talk with him, her suspicion melted away.5.目前我們沒(méi)有職位空缺(vacancy)，但我們肯定會(huì)記住您的申請(qǐng)。(keep in mind)5.We have no vacancies now, but we’ll certainly keep your application in mind.UNIT 7 C 1.They sold their house and went off to live in Canada with their daughter.2.---What will you be doing this time next week?

---I’ll be working as usual.3.He was intelligent and hard-working and before long he took over the editing of the magazine.4.Don’t you hate it when someone hangs up on you before you finish speaking?

5.To their horror, the roof of their house caught fire.UNIT 8 C 1.如果你刪掉50個(gè)字，我們就可以把整個(gè)故事排在一頁(yè)紙上。(delete)If you delete 50 words, we can put the whole story on one page.2.由那位著名拳擊手親筆簽名(signature)的拳擊手套正在展出。(bear)On display were boxing gloves which bore the famous boxer’s signature.3.我們想不通他怎么會(huì)干出那樣的傻事。(figure out, dumb)Answer:We can’t figure out why he did such a dumb thing.4.約翰遜一家對(duì)我很好，使我感到就像他們家的一員。(feel like)The Johnsons were very kind to me.They made me feel like one of the family.5.他們說(shuō)，想就合同的細(xì)節(jié)和你談?wù)劇?in connection with)They say they want to talk to you in connection with the details of the contract

第五篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)實(shí)用翻譯課后部分題（定稿）

1英漢句式結(jié)構(gòu)差異主要表現(xiàn)在哪些方面“漢語(yǔ)被認(rèn)為是一種“意合”的語(yǔ)言。不受?chē)?yán)格的語(yǔ)法約束，也沒(méi)有固定的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，其表達(dá)方式一般按時(shí)間順序或邏輯順序，先發(fā)生的事先說(shuō)，后發(fā)生的是后講，先因后果，先假設(shè)，后結(jié)果，先條件后結(jié)論。英語(yǔ)是一種形合語(yǔ)言，英語(yǔ)句子嚴(yán)格遵守語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，句中主謂賓定狀補(bǔ)井然有序，句子成分可以通過(guò)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行層層分析。

英語(yǔ)句子的特點(diǎn)漢語(yǔ)句子的特點(diǎn)主-謂-賓結(jié)構(gòu)排列緊密結(jié)構(gòu)排列松散 定語(yǔ)有的前置，有的后置，句子較長(zhǎng)。前置，句子較短。語(yǔ)段結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，流散鋪排，詞或詞組避免重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，多用代稱(chēng)。常重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，多用實(shí)稱(chēng)2什么是語(yǔ)境,簡(jiǎn)述語(yǔ)境與翻譯的關(guān)系；語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)的環(huán)境，包括時(shí)間空間語(yǔ)言交際參與者及語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)的目的等，在文章或言談中話(huà)題的上下文。（2）非語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，第三、翻譯與語(yǔ)境的關(guān)系，關(guān)系：語(yǔ)境是一切語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)存在的前提，離開(kāi)語(yǔ)境就沒(méi)有語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)；就沒(méi)有一定的上下文，文字翻譯也就無(wú)從談起。英語(yǔ)詞義的褒貶不像漢語(yǔ)截然分明，同一個(gè)詞語(yǔ)有時(shí)候可能產(chǎn)生兩種截然不同的意義，需要根據(jù)不同的語(yǔ)境做出正確的判斷。

詞干來(lái)辨析詞義，macrospacetransship=macro巨型的+space太空+trans轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)+ship船即 巨型空間轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)飛船b 根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境或詞語(yǔ)搭配確定詞義c 依據(jù)不同學(xué)科或?qū)I(yè)類(lèi)型確定詞義

4英漢詞字主要有哪幾種對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系：完全對(duì)應(yīng)，（專(zhuān)有名詞、技術(shù)詞匯）computer計(jì)算機(jī)，部分對(duì)應(yīng)storytelling說(shuō)書(shū)，無(wú)對(duì)應(yīng)詞teenager13至19歲的青少年 5直譯：指的是在語(yǔ)言條件許可下，在譯文中不僅傳達(dá)原文的內(nèi)容，還盡可能完整地保留原文的修辭風(fēng)格及組句形式。意譯：是指原文的有些內(nèi)容與形式不宜用漢語(yǔ)直接表達(dá)，而是經(jīng)過(guò)解析后以另外的形式表達(dá)出來(lái)，也就是說(shuō)更著重于意思的翻譯，而不拘泥于表面文字。

6翻譯中為什么要進(jìn)行詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換：。英漢兩種語(yǔ)言在語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)和表達(dá)形式方面有著顯著的差異，往往不能照搬原文的詞類(lèi)或句子結(jié)構(gòu)，需要根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)需要，進(jìn)行詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換

7在實(shí)際翻譯中能做到與原文完全一致，不增不減？原作對(duì)于原文讀者來(lái)說(shuō)很少有語(yǔ)言文化上的障礙，而譯文讀者確沒(méi)有這樣的便利，因此譯者往往需要把原文中隱含的一些東西增補(bǔ)清楚，以便讀者理解。

8翻譯中為什么要進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)節(jié)：由于英漢不同的造句結(jié)構(gòu)和表達(dá)習(xí)慣，翻譯中有時(shí)需要打破原文句式結(jié)構(gòu)，對(duì)譯文進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)節(jié)以符合漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。9常見(jiàn)的英譯漢結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整重要有哪幾種a順序法b逆序法Tt is easy to see what weight can be overcome and what thrust is necessary to maintain finght.要知道應(yīng)該抵消多大的重力并需要多大推力才能保持飛行，這很容易c時(shí)序法 d拆分法 they,not wnexperctedly,did not respond。他們沒(méi)有答復(fù)這完全是意料之中的事E重組法10英譯漢正反交替的手段：肯定譯否定Just make yourself at home.否定譯肯定I couldn’t agree more with you.雙否定譯肯定He is not unequal to the duty.他并非不稱(chēng)職。正反移位 I don’t think he will come.譯為部分否定Not all minerals come from mines.對(duì)號(hào)入座has never been clear從來(lái)就模糊不清、否定轉(zhuǎn)移was not designed for不是為了…..而設(shè)計(jì)