第一篇:英國文學(xué)選讀上名詞解釋(中英文版)
Byronic hero
A proud, mysterious, rebellious, gloomy figure of noble origin, with fiery passions and unbending will, expresses Byron’s own ideal of freedom.He rises against tyranny and injustice, but he’s merely a lone fighter striving for personal freedom.Sonnet
A sonnet is a 14-line lyric poem with a single theme.Sonnets vary but are usually written in iambic pentameter, following one of two traditional patterns: the Petrarchan or Italian sonnet and the Shakespearean or English sonnet.A sonnet generally expresses a single theme or idea.Ode
A complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject.Odes are often written for a special occasion,to honor a person o a season or to commemorate an event.Lake Poets
The Lake Poets all lived in the Lake District of England at the turn of the nineteenth century.As a group, they followed no single “school” of thought or literary practice then known, althoughtheir works were uniformly disparaged by the Edinburgh Review.They are considered part of the Romantic Movement
Metaphysical poetsis a term coined by the poet and criticto describe a loose group ofof the 17th century, whose work was characterized by the inventive use of , and by speculation about topics such as love or religion.John Donne is the most important representative.拜倫式英雄是指拜倫詩中的貴族出身的驕傲,神秘,反叛的角色。
因?yàn)橛兄鵁o窮的激情和力量,拜倫式英雄總是擔(dān)負(fù)起消滅一個(gè)腐敗社會(huì)里所有錯(cuò)誤的重?fù)?dān),而且總是以不可征服的意志和無窮無盡的精力,單槍匹馬地挑戰(zhàn)任何暴政,不管是社會(huì)傳統(tǒng)規(guī)則,是政府或者是宗教。拜倫式英雄通常被社會(huì)孤立,像是一個(gè)放逐者,而且情緒化,對(duì)某一件事很有激情。
拜倫的主要貢獻(xiàn)之一就是創(chuàng)造了拜倫詩英雄。Heathcliff in Wuthering House,Rochester in Jane Eyre,玄學(xué)派詩歌一般用來稱呼那些在John Donne影響下寫作的作家的作品。
玄學(xué)派詩人一種背叛精神去試著打破傳統(tǒng)的伊麗莎白愛情詩的束縛。
玄學(xué)詩歌多使用巧智(wit and conceit),結(jié)構(gòu)精巧(ingenious structure),韻律多變(irregular meter),語言口語化(colloquial language),意象奇特(elaborate imagery),并把不同的事物并置(a drawing together of dissimilar idea)。它們的意象多來源于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活。
頌歌是一種復(fù)雜且通常篇幅較長的抒情詩。形式高貴,以崇高(lofty)或嚴(yán)肅的事物為主題。頌歌通常為某個(gè)特殊的場合而作,為了贊美某個(gè)人或物(to honor a person,a thing or a season),或某個(gè)季節(jié)或紀(jì)念某個(gè)事件(commemorate an event)。
Sonnet是一種歐洲傳統(tǒng)的非常有影響力的詩歌形式。從形式上來說它有14行詩構(gòu)成,通常是五步抑揚(yáng)格,有著嚴(yán)格的特定的押韻方式。莎士比亞的十四行詩非常出名。
早期浪漫主義詩人Wordsworth,Coleridge和Southey,也被稱為湖畔派詩人。他們都住在英國西北部的湖區(qū),并且在文學(xué)和社會(huì)見解上有著一致性。湖畔派詩人主要回憶快樂的舊英格蘭時(shí)代,把自然看做是精神上的避難所,因?yàn)樗麄儜峙录磳⒌絹淼墓I(yè)化和城市化。
第二篇:希拉里敗選演講稿(中英文)
希拉里:為理想奮斗絕對(duì)值得
Thank you so very much for being here.I love you all, too.Last night I congratulated Donald Trump and offered to work with him on behalf of our country.I hope that he will be a successful president for all Americans.This is not the outcome we wanted or we worked so hard for, and I'm sorry we did not win this election for the values we share and the vision we hold for our country.But I feel pride and gratitude for this wonderful campaign that we built together.This vast, diverse, creative, unruly, energized campaign.You represent the best of America, and being your candidate has been one of the greatest honors of my life.I know how disappointed you feel, because I feel it too.And so do tens of millions of Americans who invested their hopes and dreams in this effort.This is painful, and it will be for a long time.But I want you to remember this.Our campaign was never about one person, or even one election.It was about the country we love and building an America that is hopeful, inclusive, and big-hearted.We have seen that our nation is more deeply divided than we thought.But I still believe in America, and I always will.And if you do, then we must accept this result and then look to the future.Donald Trump is going to be our president.We owe him an open mind and the chance to lead.Our constitutional democracy enshrines the peaceful transfer of power.We don't just respect that.We cherish it.It also enshrines the rule of law;the principle we are all equal in rights and dignity;freedom of worship and expression.We respect and cherish these values, too, and we must defend them.Let me add: Our constitutional democracy demands our participation, not just every four years, but all the time.So let's do all we can to keep advancing the causes and values we all hold dear.Making our economy work for everyone, not just those at the top, protecting our country and protecting our planet.And breaking down all the barriers that hold any American back from achieving their dreams.We spent a year and a half bringing together millions of people from every corner of our country to say with one voice that we believe that the American dream is big enough for everyone.For people of all races, and religions, for men and women, for immigrants, for LGBT people, and people with disabilities.For everyone.I am so grateful to stand with all of you.I want to thank Tim Kaine and Anne Holton for being our partners on this journey.It has been a joy get to go know them better and gives me great hope and comfort to know that Tim will remain on the front lines of our democracy representing Virginia in the Senate.To Barack and Michelle Obama, our country owes you an enormous debt of gratitude.We thank you for your graceful, determined leadership that has meant so much to so many Americans and people across the world.And to Bill and Chelsea, Mark, Charlotte, Aidan, our brothers and our entire family, my love for you means more than I can ever express.You crisscrossed this country, even 4-month-old Aidan, who traveled with his mom.I will always be grateful to the talented, dedicated men and women at our headquarters in Brooklyn and across our country.You poured your hearts into this campaign.To some of you who are veterans, it was a campaign after you had done other campaigns.Some of you, it was your first campaign.I want each of you to know that you were the best campaign anybody could have ever expected or wanted.And to the millions of volunteers, community leaders, activists and union organizers who knocked on doors, talked to their neighbors, posted on Facebook — even in secret private Facebook sites.I want everybody coming out from behind that and make sure your voices are heard going forward.To anyone that sent contributions, even as small as $5, that kept us going, thank you.To all of us, and to the young people in particular, I hope you will hear this — I have, as Tim said, I have spent my entire life fighting for what I believe in.I've had successes and setbacks and sometimes painful ones.Many of you are at the beginning of your professional, public, and political careers — you will have successes and setbacks too.This loss hurts, but please never stop believing that fighting for what's right is worth it.It is, it is worth it.And so we need — we need you to keep up these fights now and for the rest of your lives.And to all the women, and especially the young women, who put their faith in this campaign and in me: I want you to know that nothing has made me prouder than to be your champion.Now, I know we have still not shattered that highest and hardest glass ceiling, but someday someone will — and hopefully sooner than we might think right now.And to all of the little girls who are watching this, never doubt that you are valuable and powerful and deserving of every chance and opportunity in the world to pursue and achieve your own dreams.Finally, finally, I am so grateful for our country and for all it has given to me.I count my blessings every single day that I am an American, and I still believe, as deeply as I ever have, that if we stand together and work together with respect for our differences, strengthen our convictions, and love for this nation, our best days are still ahead of us.Because, you know, I believe we are stronger together and we will go forward together.And you should never, ever regret fighting for that.You know, scripture tells us, let us not grow weary of doing good, for in good season we shall reap.My friends, let us have faith in each other, let us not grow weary and lose heart, for there are more seasons to come and there is more work to do.I am incredibly honored and grateful to have had this chance to represent all of you in this consequential election.May God bless you and may God bless the United States of America.謝謝大家來到這里。我也愛你們。昨天晚上,我向唐納德·特朗普表示了祝賀,并表示愿意同他一起為我們的國家而奮斗。我希望他能成為一名所有美國人心目中的成功總統(tǒng)。這份結(jié)果并非我們當(dāng)初所愿或者拼搏至今的目標(biāo)。我也很遺憾,我們沒有憑借共有的價(jià)值觀以及對(duì)這個(gè)國家未來的愿景而贏得這場選舉。對(duì)于我們親手締造的這場偉大競選,我感到驕傲和感激。這場多元的、富有創(chuàng)造力的、活力四射的競選活動(dòng)。你們代表了美國最好的那個(gè)部分,能夠做你們的候選人,是我一生中最大的榮耀之一。我知道你們有多沮喪,因?yàn)槲乙惨粯?。?shù)千萬將他們的希望和夢想投入這一努力的美國人也一樣。這很痛苦,而且這種痛苦會(huì)持續(xù)很久。但是我希望你們能記?。何覀兊母傔x并非只關(guān)乎一個(gè)人,甚至也不只關(guān)乎一次選舉。競選是為了我們熱愛的國家,為了締造一個(gè)充滿希望的、包容的和寬懷的美利堅(jiān)。我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)知道,這個(gè)國家遠(yuǎn)比我們想象的要更加分裂。但我仍然對(duì)美國充滿信心,并將一直如此。如果你也同我一樣,那我們就必須接受結(jié)果,面向未來。唐納德·特朗普將要成為我們的總統(tǒng),我們應(yīng)當(dāng)用開放的心胸去接納他,給予他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)美國的機(jī)會(huì)。和平的權(quán)力交接正是我們的憲政民主一直標(biāo)榜的。我們不僅要尊重結(jié)果,我們要珍惜這個(gè)結(jié)果。它同樣標(biāo)榜了法治;標(biāo)榜了權(quán)利和尊嚴(yán)平等的原則;信仰和表達(dá)的自由。我們尊重、珍惜這些價(jià)值,我們必須捍衛(wèi)它們。補(bǔ)充一句:在我們的憲政民主體制下,我們的參與不應(yīng)只是四年一次的大選,而必須貫徹始終。所以,讓我們繼續(xù)盡己所能,推進(jìn)我們所珍視的事業(yè)與價(jià)值:驅(qū)動(dòng)我們的經(jīng)濟(jì),為所有人服務(wù),而不止是那些處在高位的人。保護(hù)我們的國家,保護(hù)我們的星球。我們要打碎所有阻礙實(shí)現(xiàn)美國夢的藩籬。整整一年半的時(shí)間,我們將這個(gè)國家四面八方、數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的人們團(tuán)結(jié)在一起,發(fā)出同一個(gè)聲音,因?yàn)槲覀兿嘈?,美國夢足夠宏大,能夠?yàn)樗腥斯蚕?。無論的種族、宗教、性別,無論你是移民、LGBT人士還是殘疾人士,你都可以擁有這份美國夢。能夠和你們所有人站在一起,我內(nèi)心無比感激。我想感謝我的搭檔蒂姆·凱恩和安妮·霍爾頓這一路的陪伴。我享受和他們不斷熟悉的過程,而蒂姆將擔(dān)任弗吉尼亞州國會(huì)參議員、奮斗在民主一線的消息也給了我很多希望與慰藉。對(duì)于奧巴馬夫婦,整個(gè)國家欠你們一聲由衷的感謝。感謝你們的優(yōu)雅風(fēng)度、意志堅(jiān)定的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力,這對(duì)美國人民和世界各國人民都意義非凡。比爾、切爾西、馬克、夏洛特、艾丹,我的兄弟們、家族的親人們,我對(duì)你們的愛已經(jīng)難以用言語表達(dá)。你們同我一起到過無數(shù)的地方競選,甚至才4個(gè)月大的艾丹都要跟著媽媽奔波。我也對(duì)布魯克林總部和全美其他競選中心里那些智慧、忠誠的工作人員與志愿者們非常感激。你們?cè)诟傔x中傾入心血。有的人有著豐富競選經(jīng)驗(yàn),在多次參與競選后加入了團(tuán)隊(duì),有的人是第一次參與競選活動(dòng)。我想讓你們知道,你們是任何一個(gè)參選人能夠期待的最棒的競選人員。成千上萬的志愿者、社區(qū)領(lǐng)袖、活動(dòng)認(rèn)識(shí)、工會(huì)組織者們,你們努力敲門發(fā)動(dòng)選民、與鄰居們交談、通過FB頁面發(fā)消息——有時(shí)甚至是在一些私密頁面中發(fā)聲。我希望你們能夠從幕后走到臺(tái)前來,發(fā)出你們的聲音,確保你們的聲音能夠繼續(xù)傳播下去。對(duì)于所有支持我們前行的捐款者,即便是5美元的金額,謝謝你們。所有人,尤其是年輕人,我希望你們能聽到這一點(diǎn):我的確,就像蒂姆說的那樣,傾盡一生,為我的信仰而奮斗。我有過成功也有挫折,有的時(shí)候,是很痛苦的挫折。你們當(dāng)中的很多人,都處于職業(yè)的開端,無論是公共領(lǐng)域還是政治領(lǐng)域,你們也會(huì)遇到成功和挫折。這次的失敗讓人受傷,但是請(qǐng)**止相信:為正確的信念而奮斗,是值得的。的確,是值得的。所以我們需要,我們需要你們繼續(xù)這些奮斗,奮斗于當(dāng)下,奮斗終生。同時(shí),對(duì)所有將信念加諸這場競選以及我身上的女性,特別是年輕女性們,我希望你們知道,沒有什么比成為你們的捍衛(wèi)者更讓我感到驕傲的了。我們還沒有打破這層最高的和最堅(jiān)硬的天花板玻璃,但是,有一天,有一個(gè)人會(huì)的。希望這一天要比我們現(xiàn)在覺得的,來得更早。我想對(duì)所有在觀看我演講的小女孩們說,永遠(yuǎn)不要懷疑自己的價(jià)值和能力,你應(yīng)該去抓住世界上每一次機(jī)會(huì),去追求與實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想。最后,最后,我非常感謝我們的國家,以及它給予我的一切。
我每一天都感恩自己是一個(gè)美國人,而且我仍然和從前一樣深信著,如果我們站在一起、共同奮斗,并尊重我們之間的分歧,不斷強(qiáng)化我們對(duì)這個(gè)國家的信念和愛,最美好的日子仍會(huì)在未來等著我們。因?yàn)?,我相信我們?cè)谝黄饘⒆兊酶鼜?qiáng)大,而且我們必將一同前進(jìn)。你永遠(yuǎn)、永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)該對(duì)為此奮斗過而感到后悔。圣經(jīng)告訴我們:“不厭倦因?yàn)楹玫脑蜃龊檬?,這樣我們就會(huì)有收獲?!?/p>
我的朋友們,讓我們對(duì)彼此有信心,不要疲憊和灰心,因?yàn)檫€會(huì)有更多好的原因出現(xiàn),更多的工作要做。我非常榮幸和感激,能有機(jī)會(huì)在這次影響深遠(yuǎn)的選舉中代表你們所有人。希望上帝保佑你們,希望上帝保佑美利堅(jiān)合眾國。
艾瑪聯(lián)合國演講
Today we are launching a campaign HeForShe.I am reaching out to you because we need your help.We must try to mobilize as many men and boys as possible to be advocates for change.We don’t just want to talk about it.We want to try and make sure it’s tangible.I was appointed as Goodwill Ambassador for UN Women 6 months ago.The more I spoke about feminism, the more I realized that fighting for women’s rights has too often become synonymous with man-hating.If there is one thing I know for certain is that this has to stop.For the record, feminism by definition is the belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities.It is the theory of political, economic and social equality of the sexes.When I was 8, I was called bossy because I wanted to direct a play we would put on for our parents.When at 14, I started to be sexualized by certain elements of the media.At 15, my girlfriends started dropping out of sports teams because they didn’t want to appear masculine.At 18, my male friends were unable to express their feelings.I decided that I was a feminist.This seemed uncomplicated to me.But my recent research has shown me that feminism has become an unpopular word.Women are choosing not to identify as feminists.Apparently, [women’s expression is] seen as too strong, too aggressive, isolating, and anti-men, unattractive even.Why has the word become such an uncomfortable one? I think it is right I am paid the same as my male counterparts.I think it is right that I should be able to make decisions about my own body.I think it is right that women be involved on my behalf in the policies and decisions that will affect my life.I think it is right that socially, I am afforded the same respect as men But sadly, I can say that there is no one country in the world where all women can expect to see these rights.No country in the world can yet say that they achieved gender equality.These rights are considered to be human rights but I am one of the lucky ones.My life is a sheer privilege because my parents didn’t love me less because I was born a daughter.My school did not limit me because I was a girl.My mentors didn*t assume that I would go less far because I might give birth to a child one day.These influences are the gender equality ambassadors that made me who I am today.They may not know it but they are the inadvertent feminists needed in the world today.We need more of those.If you still hate the word, it is not the word that is important.It is the idea and the ambition behind it because not all women have received the same rights I have.In fact, statistically, very few have.In 1997, Hillary Clinton made a famous speech in Beijing about women’s rights.Sadly, many of the things that she wanted to change are still true today.What struck me the most was that less than 30% of the audience were male.How can we effect change in the world when only half of it is invited or being welcomed to participate in the conversation?
Men, I would like to give this opportunity to extend your formal invitation.Gender equality is your issue, too.Because to date, I’ve seen my father’s role as a parent being valued less by society.I’ve seen young men suffering from mental illness, unable to ask for help for fear it would make them less of a man.In fact, in the UK, suicide is the biggest killer of men between 20 to 49, eclipsing road accidents, cancer and heart disease.I’ve seen men fragile and insecure by what constitutes male success.Men don’t have the benefits of equality, either We don’t often talk about men being imprisoned by gender stereotypes but I can see that they are.When they are free, things will change for women as a natural consequence.If men don’t have to be aggressive in order to be accepted, women won’t feel compelled to be submissive.If men don’t have to control, women won’t have to be controlled.Both men and women should feel free to be sensitive.Both men and women should feel free to be strong.It is time that we all see gender as a spectrum instead of two sets of opposing ideals.We should stop defining each other by what we are not and start defining ourselves by who we are.We can all be freer and this is what HeForShe is about.It’s about freedom.I want men to take up this mantle so that their daughters, sisters and mothers can be free from prejudice but also so that their sons have permission to be vulnerable and human too, reclaim parts of themselves they abandoned and in doing so, be a more true and complete version of themselves.You might think: who is this Harry Potter girl? What is she doing at the UN? I’ve been asking myself the same thing.All I know is that I care about this problem and I want to make it better.And having seen what I’ve seen and given the chance, I feel it is my responsibility to say something.Statesman Edmund Burke said all that is need for the forces of evil to triumph is for good men and women to do nothing.In my nervousness for this speech and in my moments of doubt, I told myself firmly: if not me, who? If not now, when? If you cast doubts when opportunity is presented to you, I hope those words will be helpful.Because the reality is if we do nothing, it will take 75 years or maybe 100 before women can expect to be paid the same as men for the same work.15.5 million girls will be married in the next 16 years as children.And at current rates, it won*t be until 2086 before all rural African girls can have a secondary education If you believe in equality, you might be one of the inadvertent feminists I spoke of earlier and for this I appraud you.We must strive for a united world but the good news is we have a platform.It is called HeForShe.I invite you to step forward, to be seen and I ask yourself: if not me, who? If not now, when? Thank you.今天,我們要開展一次叫做HeForShe運(yùn)動(dòng)的活動(dòng)。在得到你們的幫助和支持之前,我想先說說我的想法。我們想要結(jié)束性別歧視,為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo),我們需要每個(gè)人的努力。這是在聯(lián)合國首次進(jìn)行的類似的活動(dòng)。我們想要努力鼓勵(lì)男性們?nèi)ジ淖冃詣e歧視,不是停留在說說而已。我們想讓它產(chǎn)生實(shí)際效果。6個(gè)月前,我被任命為任聯(lián)合國婦女署親善大使。我對(duì)女權(quán)主義說的越多,越發(fā)現(xiàn)為婦女權(quán)利的斗爭往往成為仇恨男人的代名詞。這是必須應(yīng)該停止的。女權(quán)主義,顧名思義,就是男性和女性應(yīng)該享有同樣的權(quán)利和機(jī)會(huì)。它是有關(guān)于政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)等方面性別平等的理論。我從很久之前就開始質(zhì)疑基于性別歧視的假設(shè)。我8歲的時(shí)候,因?yàn)橄胍约簩?dǎo)演一次為父母表演的節(jié)目,結(jié)果被說是霸道,但是男生卻不會(huì)被這么說,我對(duì)此感到很困惑。14歲的時(shí)候,我開始被媒體的特定元素性別化;15歲時(shí),我的女性朋友們放棄了她們喜愛的球隊(duì),只因?yàn)樗齻儾幌肟雌饋砑∪獍l(fā)達(dá);18歲的時(shí)候,我決定成為一個(gè)女性主義者時(shí),我的男性朋友們拒絕表達(dá)他們的感受。這對(duì)我而言,非常簡單。但通過我最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),女性主義卻是一個(gè)非常不被接受的詞語。很多女性也不愿意被定義為女權(quán)主義者。顯然,我躋身于強(qiáng)烈表達(dá)自身想法的女性之間了,被認(rèn)為‘太囂張了’,被認(rèn)為是孤立的,仇視男性,甚至沒有吸引力。為什么這個(gè)詞已變得那么令人不爽?我來自英國,我認(rèn)為和男同事得到平等對(duì)待是正確的;我認(rèn)為能夠?yàn)樽约旱纳眢w做決定是正確的;我認(rèn)為(被掌聲打斷)……我認(rèn)為女性能夠代表我的利益、參與制定能影響到我的決策和決定是正確的。但遺憾的是,我可以說,世界上沒有一個(gè)國家的所有女性都可以指望得到這些權(quán)利。世界上也沒有一個(gè)國家能說,他們已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了性別平等。這些權(quán)利,我認(rèn)為是人權(quán)。
但我是一個(gè)幸運(yùn)的人,我的生命純粹是一種特權(quán),因?yàn)槲业母改笡]有因?yàn)槲沂桥憾粣畚?,我的學(xué)校沒有因?yàn)槲沂且粋€(gè)女孩兒而限制我,我的導(dǎo)師沒有因?yàn)槲矣幸惶炜赡軙?huì)生孩子而認(rèn)為我沒有多大發(fā)展。他們是性別平等的大使,讓我成為了今天的我。他們也許不知道,但他們無意間成為了改變著現(xiàn)今世界的女權(quán)主義者。我們需要更多的人參與其中,如果你還恨這個(gè)詞,你要意識(shí)到這個(gè)詞本身并不重要。它背后的思想更為重要。因?yàn)椴皇撬械呐远寄芟硎艿胶臀彝瑯拥臋?quán)利。事實(shí)上,據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),很少女性享有這樣的權(quán)利。
1997年,希拉里·克林頓在北京做了一場關(guān)于婦女權(quán)利的著名演講。不幸的是,她想改變的許多事情在今天仍然存在著。站在我面前的聽眾中,男性還不到30%。如果只有那么少的男性愿意參與到我們的交流中,我們還談何去改變世界?男性朋友們,我想借此機(jī)會(huì)向你們發(fā)出正式邀請(qǐng)。
性別平等也是你們應(yīng)該關(guān)心的議題。因?yàn)榈侥壳盀橹?,盡管對(duì)孩子來說,父親的存在非常重要,但社會(huì)上對(duì)父親角色的重要性認(rèn)識(shí)程度仍遠(yuǎn)低于母親的角色。我看到年輕的男性承受著重大的精神壓力,但不能向他人尋求幫助,因?yàn)楹ε卤徽f成是不像個(gè)男人。事實(shí)上,在英國,自殺是20歲-49歲男性最大的死因,超過了道路交通事故、癌癥和冠狀動(dòng)脈心臟病。我見過有些男性因?yàn)榕で某晒τ^而脆弱,產(chǎn)生不安全感。男性們也沒有享受到平等的權(quán)利。我不想說男性們被性別刻板印象所禁錮,但是我可以看到事實(shí)上確實(shí)如此。當(dāng)他們自由的時(shí)候,自然而然,女性也會(huì)得到改變。如果男性不必非要有野心,女性自然也不必非得被迫順從。如果男性不必去控制,女性也不必被控制。這時(shí)我們就能看到兩性和諧相處而不是互相對(duì)立了。我們應(yīng)該停止為彼此定義。我們是誰?我們可以更自由,這就是HeForShe運(yùn)動(dòng)的意義所在。這是關(guān)于自由的運(yùn)動(dòng)。我希望男性們可以參與其中,這樣他們的女兒、母親、姐妹可以擺脫偏見,他們的兒子可以被允許脆弱、平凡,成為更真實(shí)、更完整的自己。
你可能會(huì)想:這個(gè)演《哈利·波特》的女孩兒是誰?她在聯(lián)合國是做什么的?這是一個(gè)很好的問題,我也一直在問自己同樣的問題。我所知道的就是我關(guān)心這個(gè)問題,我想把它解答得更好。就我所發(fā)現(xiàn)的,如果我有機(jī)會(huì),我認(rèn)為我有責(zé)任要說些什么。政治家埃德蒙·伯克曾說,好人袖手旁觀,邪惡就勝利。
在為這個(gè)演講緊張而自我懷疑時(shí),我告訴自己必須要堅(jiān)持:如果我不說,那么誰來說?如果此時(shí)不說?那么何時(shí)說?如果你也有類似的疑慮,我希望這些話能夠幫助到你。因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)確實(shí)如此,如果我們什么都不做,可能再過75年,甚至接近100年,女性們都還不能和男性們同工同酬。按照目前的數(shù)字計(jì)算,在未來16年內(nèi),將有1550萬女性會(huì)結(jié)婚。而直到2086年前,所有的非洲農(nóng)村女孩都不能享受中等教育。
如果你堅(jiān)信性別平等,那么你已經(jīng)在不經(jīng)意間成為了女權(quán)主義者,我為你喝彩!我們正在為團(tuán)結(jié)一致而努力,好消息就是,我們現(xiàn)在有了一個(gè)團(tuán)結(jié)一致的活動(dòng),那就是HeForShe運(yùn)動(dòng)。我邀請(qǐng)你們向前看,問問自己:如果我不做,那么誰來做?如果此時(shí)不做?那么等到何時(shí)?非常,非常感謝?!?/p>
第三篇:曼昆宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)名詞解釋 (中英文)
宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)
第十五章
MEASUREING A NATION’S INCOME一國收入的衡量
Microeconomics the study of how households and firms make decisions and how they interact in markets.微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué):研究家庭和企業(yè)如何做出決策,以及他們?nèi)绾卧谑袌錾舷嗷ソ灰住?/p>
Macroeconomics the study of economy-wide phenomena,including inflation,unemployment,and economic growth 宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué):研究整體經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象,包括通貨膨脹、失業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。
GDP is the market value of final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time.國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GDP:給定時(shí)期的一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體內(nèi)生產(chǎn)的所有最終產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的市場價(jià)值
Consumption is spending by households on goods and services, with the exception of purchased of new housing.消費(fèi):除了購買新住房,家庭用于物品與勞務(wù)的支出。
Investment is spending on capital equipment inventories, and structures, including household purchases of new housing.投資:用于資本設(shè)備、存貨和建筑物的支出,包括家庭用于購買新住房的支出。
Government purchases are spending on goods and services by local, state, and federal government.政府支出:地方、州和聯(lián)邦政府用于物品和與勞務(wù)的支出。
Net export is spending on domestically produced goods by foreigners(exports)minus spending on foreign goods by domestic residents(imports)凈出口:外國人對(duì)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)的物品的支出(出口)減國內(nèi)居民對(duì)外國物品的支出(進(jìn)口)。
Nominal GDP is the production of goods and services valued at current prices.名義GDP:按現(xiàn)期價(jià)格評(píng)價(jià)的物品與勞務(wù)的生產(chǎn)。
Real GDP is the production of goods and services valued at constant prices.實(shí)際GDP:按不變價(jià)格評(píng)價(jià)的物品和服務(wù)的生產(chǎn)。
GDP deflator is a measure of the price level calculated as the ratio of nominal GDP to real GDP times 100.GDP平減指數(shù):用名義GDP與實(shí)際GDP的比率計(jì)算的物價(jià)水平衡量指標(biāo)。第十六章 MEASURING THE COST OF LIVING生活費(fèi)用的衡量
CPI is measure of the overall cost of the goods and services bought by a typical consumer.消費(fèi)物價(jià)指數(shù)CPI:一個(gè)典型消費(fèi)者所購買的一籃子產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)的價(jià)格相對(duì)于某個(gè)基年同樣一籃子產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)的價(jià)格。
Inflation rate is the percentage change in the price index from the preceding period.通貨膨脹率:前一個(gè)時(shí)期以來物價(jià)指數(shù)變動(dòng)的百分比。
Producer price index(PPI)is a measure of the cost of a basket of goods and services bought by firms.生產(chǎn)物價(jià)指數(shù):企業(yè)購買的一籃子物品與勞務(wù)的費(fèi)用的衡量指標(biāo)。
Indexation:the automatic correction of a dollar amount for the effects of inflation by law or contract.根據(jù)法律或合約對(duì)通貨膨脹的影響進(jìn)行貨幣數(shù)量的自動(dòng)調(diào)整。
Nominal interest rate is the interest rate as usually reported without a correction of the effects of inflation.名義利率:通常公布的,未根據(jù)通貨膨脹的影響校正的利率。
Real interest rate is the interest rate corrected for the effects of inflation.真實(shí)利率:根據(jù)通貨膨脹校正過的利率。
第十七章 PRODUCTION AND GROWTH生產(chǎn)與增長
Productivity is the amount of goods and services produced from each hour of a worker’s time.生產(chǎn)率:每單位勞動(dòng)投入所生產(chǎn)的物品和勞務(wù)的數(shù)量。
Physical capital is the stock of equipment and structures that are used to produce goods and services.物資資本:用于生產(chǎn)物品與勞務(wù)的設(shè)備和建筑物存量。
Human capital is the knowledge and skills that workers acquire through education, training, and experience.人力資本:工人通過教育、培訓(xùn)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)而獲得的知識(shí)與技能。
Natural resources are the inputs into the production of goods and services that are provided by nature.自然資源:由自然界提供的用于生產(chǎn)物品與勞務(wù)的投入,如土地、河流與礦藏。Technological knowledge is society’s understanding of the bes ways to produce goods and services.技術(shù)知識(shí):社會(huì)對(duì)生產(chǎn)物品與勞務(wù)的最好方法的了解。
Diminishing returns are the property whereby the benefit from an extra unit of an input declines as the quantity of the input increases.收益遞減:隨著投入量的增加,每一單位額外投入得到的收益減少的特性。
Catch-up effect is the property whereby continues that start off poor tend to grow more rapidly than countries that start off rich.追趕效應(yīng):開始時(shí)貧窮的國家傾向于比開始時(shí)富裕的國家增長更快。
第十八章 SAVING,INVESTMENT,AND THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM儲(chǔ)蓄、投資和金融體系
Financial system is the group of institutions in the economy that help to match one person’s saving with another person’s investment.金融體系:經(jīng)濟(jì)中促使一個(gè)人的儲(chǔ)蓄與另一個(gè)人的投資相匹配的一組機(jī)構(gòu)。
Financial markets are financial institutions through which savers can directly provide funds to borrowers.金融市場:儲(chǔ)蓄者可以通過它直接向借款者提供資金的金融機(jī)構(gòu)。
Bond is a certificate of indebtedness 債券:一種債務(wù)證明書。
Stock is a claim to partial ownership in a firm 股票:企業(yè)部分所有權(quán)的索取權(quán)。
Financial intermediaries are financial institutions through which savers can indirectly provide funds to borrowers.金融中介機(jī)構(gòu):儲(chǔ)蓄者可以通過它間接地向借款者提供資金的金融機(jī)構(gòu)。
Mutual fund is an institution that sells shares to the public and uses the proceeds to buy a portion of stocks and bonds.共同基金:向公眾出售股份,并用收入來購買股票于債券資產(chǎn)組合的機(jī)構(gòu)。
National saving(saving)is the total income in the economy that remains after paying for consumption and government purchase.國民儲(chǔ)蓄(儲(chǔ)蓄):在用于消費(fèi)和政府購買后剩下的一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)中的收入。Private saving is the income that households have left after paying for taxes and consumption.私人儲(chǔ)蓄:家庭在支付了稅收和消費(fèi)之后剩下來的收入。
Public saving is the tax revenue that the government has left after paying for its spending.公共儲(chǔ)蓄:政府在支付其支出后剩下的稅收收入。
Budget surplus is an excess of tax revenue over government spending.預(yù)算盈余:稅收收入大于政府支出的余額。
Budget deficit is a shortfall of tax revenue from government spending 預(yù)算赤字:政府支出引起的稅收收入短缺。
Market for loanable funds are the market in which those who want to save supply funds those who want to borrow to invest demand funds.可貸資金市場:想儲(chǔ)蓄的人借以提供資金、想借錢投資的人借以借貸資金的市場。
Crowding out is a decrease in investment that results from government borrowing.擠出:政府借款所引起的投資減少。
第十九章 THE BASIC TOOLS OF FINANCE基本金融工具
Finance: the field that studies how people make decisions regarding the allocation of resources over time and the handling of risk.金融學(xué):研究人們?nèi)绾卧谀骋粫r(shí)期內(nèi)做出關(guān)于配置資源和應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的學(xué)科。
Present value: the amount of money today that would be needed to produce,using prevailing interest rates, a given future amount of money.現(xiàn)值:用現(xiàn)行利率生產(chǎn)一定量未來貨幣所需要的現(xiàn)在貨幣量。
Future value: the amount of money in the future that an amount of money today will yield, given prevailing interest rates.未來值:在現(xiàn)行利率既定時(shí),現(xiàn)在的貨幣量將帶來的未來貨幣量。
Compounding: the accumulation of a sum of money in,say,a bank account,where the interest earned remains in the account to earn additional interest in the future.復(fù)利:貨幣量的累積,比如說銀行賬戶上貨幣量的累積,即賺得的利息仍留在賬戶上以賺取未來更多的利息。
Risk averse: exhibiting a dislike of uncertainty.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)厭惡:不喜歡不確定性。Diversification:the reduction of risk achieved by replacing a single risk with a large number of smaller unrelated risks.多元化:通過用大量不相關(guān)的小風(fēng)險(xiǎn)代替一種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
Idiosyncratic risk: risk that affects only a single economic actor.企業(yè)特有風(fēng)險(xiǎn):只影響一個(gè)公司的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
Aggregate risk: risk that affects all economic actors at once.市場風(fēng)險(xiǎn):影響股市上所有公司的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
Fundamental analysis: the study of a company’s accounting statements and future prospects to determine its value.基本面分析:為決定一家公司的價(jià)值而對(duì)其會(huì)計(jì)報(bào)表和未來前景進(jìn)行的研究。
Efficient markets hypothesis: the theory that asset prices reflect all publicly available information about the value of an asset.有效市場假說:認(rèn)為資產(chǎn)價(jià)格反映了關(guān)于一種資產(chǎn)價(jià)值的所有公開的、可獲得的信息的理論。
Informationally efficient: reflecting all available information in a rational way.信息有效:以理性方式反映所有可獲得的信息的有關(guān)資產(chǎn)價(jià)格的描述。
Random walk: the path of a variable whose changes are impossible to predict.隨機(jī)行走:一種變量變動(dòng)的路徑是不可預(yù)期的。
第二十章 UNEMPLOYMENT AND ITS NATURAL RATE 失業(yè)和自然失業(yè)率
Labor force is the total number of workers, including both the employed and the unemployed.勞動(dòng)力:既包括就業(yè)者又包括失業(yè)者的工人總數(shù)。
Unemployment rate is the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed.失業(yè)率:勞動(dòng)力中失業(yè)者所占的百分比。
Labor-force participation rate is the percentage of the adult population that is in the labor force.勞動(dòng)力參工率:勞動(dòng)力占成年人口的百分比。
Natural rate of unemployment is the normal rate of unemployment around which the unemployment rate fluctuates.自然失業(yè)率:失業(yè)率圍繞它而波動(dòng)的正常失業(yè)率。
Cyclical unemployment is the deviation of unemployment from its natural rate.周期性失業(yè):失業(yè)率對(duì)自然失業(yè)率的背離。Discouraged workers are individuals who would like to work but have given up looking for a job 喪失信心的工人:想工作但已放棄尋找工作的人。
Frictional unemployment is the unemployment that results because it takes time for workers to search for the jobs that best suit their tastes and skills.摩擦性失業(yè):由于工人尋找最適合自己嗜好和技能的工作需要時(shí)間而引起的失業(yè)。
Structural unemployment is the unemployment that results because the number of jobs available in some labor markets is insufficient to provide a job for everyone who wants one.結(jié)構(gòu)性失業(yè):由于某些勞動(dòng)市場上可提供的工作崗位數(shù)量不足以為每個(gè)想工作的人提供工作而引起的失業(yè)。
Job search is the process by which workers find the appropriate jobs given their tastes and skills 尋找工作:在工人的嗜好與技能既定時(shí)工人尋找適當(dāng)工作的過程。
Unemployment insurance is a government program that partially protects workers’ incomes when they became unemployed.失業(yè)保險(xiǎn):當(dāng)工人失業(yè)時(shí)為他們提供部分收入保障的政府計(jì)劃。
Union is a worker association that bargains with employers over wages and working conditions 工會(huì):與雇主就工資、津貼和工作條件進(jìn)行談判的工人協(xié)會(huì)。
Collective bargaining is the process by which unions and firms agree on the terms of employment.集體談判:工會(huì)和企業(yè)就就業(yè)條件達(dá)成一致的過程.Strike is the organized withdrawal of labor from a firm by a union 罷工:工會(huì)組織工人從企業(yè)撤出勞動(dòng)。
Efficiency wages are above-equilibrium wages paid by firms in order to increase worker productivity 效率工資:企業(yè)為提高工人生產(chǎn)率而支付的高于均衡水平的工資。
第二十一章
THE MONETARY SYSTEM 貨幣制度
Money is the set of assets in an economy that people regularly use to buy goods and services from other people.貨幣:經(jīng)濟(jì)中人們經(jīng)常用于向其他人購買物品與勞務(wù)的一組資產(chǎn)。
Medium of exchange is an item that buyers give to sellers when they want to purchase goods and services.交換媒介:買者在購買物品與勞務(wù)時(shí)給予賣者的東西。
Unit of account is the yardstick people use to post prices and record debts.計(jì)價(jià)單位:人們用來表示價(jià)格和記錄債務(wù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
Store of value is an item that people can use to transfer purchasing power from the present to the future.價(jià)值儲(chǔ)藏手段:人們可以用來把現(xiàn)在的購買力轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槲磥淼馁徺I力的東西。
Liquidity is the ease with which an asset can be converted into the economy’s medium of exchange.流動(dòng)性:一種資產(chǎn)兌換為經(jīng)濟(jì)中交換媒介的容易程度。
Commodity money is money that takes the form of a commodity with intrinsic value.商品貨幣:以有內(nèi)在價(jià)值的商品為形式的貨幣。
Fiat money is money without intrinsic value fiat is used as money because of government decree.法定貨幣:沒有內(nèi)在價(jià)值、由政府法令確定作為通貨使用的貨幣。
Currency is the paper bills and coins in the hands of public.通貨:公眾手中持有的紙幣鈔票和鑄幣。
Demand deposits are balances in bank accounts that depositions can access on demand by writing a check.活期存款:儲(chǔ)戶可以通過開支票而隨時(shí)支取的銀行賬戶余額。
Federal reserve(Fed):the central bank of the United States.聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備:美國的中央銀行。
Central bank: an institution designed to oversee the banking system and regulate the quantity of money in the economic.中央銀行:為了監(jiān)管銀行體系和調(diào)節(jié)經(jīng)濟(jì)中的貨幣量而設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)構(gòu)。
Money supply is the quantity of money available in the economy.貨幣供給:經(jīng)濟(jì)中可以得到的貨幣量。
Monetary policy is the setting of the money supply by policymakers in the central bank 貨幣政策:中央銀行的決策者對(duì)貨幣供給的安排。
Reserves are deposits that banks have received but have not loaned out.準(zhǔn)備金:銀行得到但沒有貸出去的存款。
Fractional-reserve banking is a banking in which banks hold only a fraction of deposits as reserves 部分準(zhǔn)備金銀行:只把部分存款作為準(zhǔn)備金的銀行制度。
Reserve ratio is the fraction of deposits that banks hold as reserves.準(zhǔn)備率:銀行作為準(zhǔn)備金持有的存款比例。
Money multiplier is the amount of money the banking system generates with each dollar of reserve 貨幣乘數(shù):銀行體系用1美元準(zhǔn)備金所產(chǎn)生的貨幣量。
Open-market operation is the purchase and sale of U.S.government bonds by the Fed.公開市場活動(dòng):美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)買賣美國政府債券。
Reserve requirements are regulations on the minimum amount of reserves that banks must hold against deposits 法定準(zhǔn)備金:關(guān)于銀行必須根據(jù)其存款持有的最低準(zhǔn)備金量的規(guī)定。
Discount rate is the interest rate on the loans that the Fed to banks.貼現(xiàn)率:美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)向銀行發(fā)放貸款的利率。
第二十二章 MONEY GROWTH AND INFLATION 貨幣增長與通貨膨脹
Quantity theory of money:a theory asserting that the quantity of money available determines the price level and that the growth rate in the quantity of money available determines the inflation rate 貨幣數(shù)量論:一種認(rèn)為可得到的貨幣量覺決定物價(jià)水平,可得到的貨幣量的增長率決定通貨膨脹率的理論。
Nominal variables are variables measured in monetary units.名義變量:按貨幣單位衡量的變量。
Real variables are variables measured in physical units.真實(shí)變量:按實(shí)物單位衡量的變量。
Classical dichotomy is the theoretical separation of nominal and variables.古典二分法:名義變量和真實(shí)變量的理論區(qū)分。
Monetary neutrality is the proposition that changes in the money supply do not affect real variables.貨幣中性:認(rèn)為貨幣供給變動(dòng)并不影響真實(shí)變量的觀點(diǎn)。
Velocity of money is the rate at which money changes hands.貨幣流通速度:貨幣易手的速度。Quantity equation is the equation M*V=P*Y which relates the quantity of money, the velocity of money, and the dollar value of the economy’s output of goods and services.數(shù)量方程式:方程式M*V=P*Y,這個(gè)公式把貨幣量、貨幣流通速度和經(jīng)濟(jì)中物品與勞務(wù)產(chǎn)出的美元價(jià)值聯(lián)系在一起。
Inflation tax is the revenue the government raises by creating money.通貨膨脹稅:政府通過創(chuàng)造貨幣而籌集的收入。
Fisher effect is the one-for-one adjustment of the nominal interest rate to the inflation rate.費(fèi)雪效應(yīng):名義利率對(duì)通貨膨脹率所進(jìn)行的一對(duì)一的調(diào)整。
Shoeleather costs are the resources wasted when inflation encourages people to reduce their money holdings.皮鞋成本:當(dāng)通貨膨脹鼓勵(lì)人們減少貨幣持有量時(shí)所浪費(fèi)的資源。
Menu costs are the costs of changing prices.菜單成本:改變價(jià)格的成本。
第二十三章AGGREGATE DEMAND AND AGGREGATE SUPPLY總需求與總供給
Recession is period of declining real incomes and rising unemployment.衰退:真實(shí)收入下降和失業(yè)增加的時(shí)期。
Depression is a severe recession.蕭條:嚴(yán)重的衰退。
Model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply is the model that most economists use to explain short-run fluctuations in economic activity around its long-run trend.總需求與總供給模型:大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家用來解釋經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)圍繞其長期趨勢的短期波動(dòng)的模型
Aggregate-demand curve is a curve that shows the quantity of goods and services that households, firms, and the government want to buy at each price level.總需求曲線:表示在每一種物價(jià)水平時(shí),家庭、企業(yè)、政府和外國客戶想要購買的物品與勞務(wù)量的曲線。
Aggregate-supply curve is a curve that shows the quantity of goods and services that firms choose to produce and sell at each price level.總供給曲線:表示在每一種物價(jià)水平時(shí),企業(yè)選擇生產(chǎn)并銷售的物品與勞務(wù)量的一條曲線。
Stagflation is period of falling output and rising prices.滯漲:產(chǎn)量減少而物價(jià)上升的時(shí)期。第二十四章 THE INFLUERNCE OF MONETARY AND FISCAL POLICY ON AGGREGATE DEMAND 貨幣政策和財(cái)政政策對(duì)總需求的影響
Theory of liquidity preference is Keynes’s theory that the interest rate adjusts to bring money supply and money demand into balance.流動(dòng)性偏好理論:凱恩斯的理論,認(rèn)為利率的調(diào)整使貨幣供給與貨幣需求平衡。
Multiplier effect is the additional shifts in aggregate demand that result when expansionary fiscal policy increases income and thereby increases consumers spending.乘數(shù)效應(yīng):當(dāng)擴(kuò)張性財(cái)政政策增加了收入,從而增加了消費(fèi)支出時(shí)引起的總需求的額外變動(dòng)。
Crowding-out effect is the offset in aggregate demand that results when expansionary fiscal policy raises the interest rate and thereby reduces investment spending.擠出效應(yīng):當(dāng)擴(kuò)張性財(cái)政政策引起利率上升,從而減少了投資支出時(shí)所引起的總需求減少。
Automatic stabilizers are changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession without policymakers having to take any deliberate acton.自動(dòng)穩(wěn)定器:當(dāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)入衰退時(shí),決策者不必采取任何有意的行動(dòng)就可以刺激總需求的財(cái)政政策變動(dòng)。
第四篇:奧巴馬2012勝選演講中英文全文
奧巴馬2012勝選演講中英文全文
Thank you so much.Tonight, more than 200 years after a former colony won the right to determine its own destiny, the task of perfecting our union moves forward.It moves forward because of you.It moves forward because you reaffirmed the spirit that has triumphed over war and depression, the spirit that has lifted this country from the depths of despair to the great heights of hope, the belief that while each of us will pursue our own individual dreams, we are an American family and we rise or fall together as one nation and as one people.Tonight, in this election, you, the American people, reminded us that while our road has been hard, while our journey has been long, we have picked ourselves up, we have fought our way back, and we know in our hearts that for the United States of America the best is yet to come.I want to thank every American who participated in this election, whether you voted for the very first time or waited in line for a very long time.By the way, we have to fix that.Whether you pounded the pavement or picked up the phone, whether you held an Obama sign or a Romney sign, you made your voice heard and you made a difference.I just spoke with Gov.Romney and I congratulated him and Paul Ryan on a hard-fought campaign.We may have battled fiercely, but it’s only because we love this country deeply and we care so strongly about its future.From George to Lenore to their son Mitt, the Romney family has chosen to give back to America through public service and that is the legacy that we honor and applaud tonight.In the weeks ahead, I also look forward to sitting down with Gov.Romney to talk about where we can work together to move this country forward.I want to thank my friend and partner of the last four years, America’s happy warrior, the best vice president anybody could ever hope for, Joe Biden.And I wouldn’t be the man I am today without the woman who agreed to marry me 20 years ago.Let me say this publicly: Michelle, I have never loved you more.I have never been prouder to watch the rest of America fall in love with you, too, as our nation’s first lady.Sasha and Malia, before our very eyes you’re growing up to become two strong, smart beautiful young women, just like your mom.And I’m so proud of you guys.But I will say that for now one dog’s probably enough.To the best campaign team and volunteers in the history of politics.The best.The best ever.Some of you were new this time around, and some of you have been at my side since the very beginning.But all of you are family.No matter what you do or where you go from here, you will carry the memory of the history we made together and you will have the lifelong appreciation of a grateful president.Thank you for believing all the way, through every hill, through every valley.You lifted me up the whole way and I will always be grateful for everything that you’ve done and all the incredible work that you put in.I know that political campaigns can sometimes seem small, even silly.And that provides plenty of fodder for the cynics that tell us that politics is nothing more than a contest of egos or the domain of special interests.But if you ever get the chance to talk to folks who turned out at our rallies and crowded along a rope line in a high school gym, or saw folks working late in a campaign office in some tiny county far away from home, you’ll discover something else.You’ll hear the determination in the voice of a young field organizer who’s working his way through college and wants to make sure every child has that same opportunity.You’ll hear the pride in the voice of a volunteer who’s going door to door because her brother was finally hired when the local auto plant added another shift.You’ll hear the deep patriotism in the voice of a military spouse who’s working the phones late at night to make sure that no one who fights for this country ever has to fight for a job or a roof over their head when they come home.That’s why we do this.That’s what politics can be.That’s why elections matter.It’s not small, it’s big.It’s important.Democracy in a nation of 300 million can be noisy and messy and complicated.We have our own opinions.Each of us has deeply held beliefs.And when we go through tough times, when we make big decisions as a country, it necessarily stirs passions, stirs up controversy.That won’t change after tonight, and it shouldn’t.These arguments we have are a mark of our liberty.We can never forget that as we speak people in distant nations are risking their lives right now just for a chance to argue about the issues that matter, the chance to cast their ballots like we did today.But despite all our differences, most of us share certain hopes for America’s future.We want our kids to grow up in a country where they have access to the best schools and the best teachers.A country that lives up to its legacy as the global leader in technology and discovery and innovation, with all the good jobs and new businesses that follow.We want our children to live in an America that isn’t burdened by debt, that isn’t weakened by inequality, that isn’t threatened by the destructive power of a warming planet.We want to pass on a country that’s safe and respected and admired around the world, a nation that is defended by the strongest military on earth and the best troops this – this world has ever known.But also a country that moves with confidence beyond this time of war, to shape a peace that is built on the promise of freedom and dignity for every human being.We believe in a generous America, in a compassionate America, in a tolerant America, open to the dreams of an immigrant’s daughter who studies in our schools and pledges to our flag.To the young boy on the south side of Chicago who sees a life beyond the nearest street corner.To the furniture worker’s child in North Carolina who wants to become a doctor or a scientist, an engineer or an entrepreneur, a diplomat or even a president – that’s the future we hope for.That’s the vision we share.That’s where we need to go – forward.That’s where we need to go.Now, we will disagree, sometimes fiercely, about how to get there.As it has for more than two centuries, progress will come in fits and starts.It’s not always a straight line.It’s not always a smooth path.By itself, the recognition that we have common hopes and dreams won’t end all the gridlock or solve all our problems or substitute for the painstaking work of building consensus and making the difficult compromises needed to move this country forward.But that common bond is where we must begin.Our economy is recovering.A decade of war is ending.A long campaign is now over.And whether I earned your vote or not, I have listened to you, I have learned from you, and you’ve made me a better president.And with your stories and your struggles, I return to the White House more determined and more inspired than ever about the work there is to do and the future that lies ahead.Tonight you voted for action, not politics as usual.You elected us to focus on your jobs, not ours.And in the coming weeks and months, I am looking forward to reaching out and working with leaders of both parties to meet the challenges we can only solve together.Reducingour deficit.Reforming our tax code.Fixing our immigration system.Freeing ourselves from foreign oil.We’ve got more work to do.But that doesn’t mean your work is done.The role of citizen in our democracy does not end with your vote.America’s never been about what can be done for us.It’s about what can be done by us together through the hard and frustrating, but necessary work of self-government.That’s the principle we were founded on.This country has more wealth than any nation, but that’s not what makes us rich.We have the most powerful military in history, but that’s not what makes us strong.Our university, our culture are all the envy of the world, but that’s not what keeps the world coming to our shores.What makes America exceptional are the bonds that hold together the most diverse nation on earth.The belief that our destiny is shared;that this country only works when we accept certain obligations to one another and to future generations.The freedom which so many Americans have fought for and died for come with responsibilities as well as rights.And among those are love and charity and duty and patriotism.That’s what makes America great.I am hopeful tonight because I’ve seen the spirit at work in America.I’ve seen it in the family business whose owners would rather cut their own pay than lay off their neighbors, and in the workers who would rather cut back their hours than see a friend lose a job.I’ve seen it in the soldiers who reenlist after losing a limb and in those SEALs who charged up the stairs into darkness and danger because they knew there was a buddy behind them watching their back.I’ve seen it on the shores of New Jersey and New York, where leaders from every party and level of government have swept aside their differences to help a community rebuild from the wreckage of a terrible storm.And I saw just the other day, in Mentor, Ohio, where a father told the story of his 8-year-old daughter, whose long battle with leukemia nearly cost their family everything had it not been for health care reform passing just a few months before the insurance company was about to stop paying for her care.I had an opportunity to not just talk to the father, but meet this incredible daughter of his.And when he spoke to the crowd listening to that father’s story, every parent in that room had tears in their eyes, because we knew that little girl could be our own.And I know that every American wants her future to be just as bright.That’s who we are.That’s the country I’m so proud to lead as your president.And tonight, despite all the hardship we’ve been through, despite all the frustrations of Washington, I’ve never been more hopeful about our future.I have never been more hopeful about America.And I ask you to sustain that hope.I’m not talking about blind optimism, the kind of hope that just ignores the enormity of the tasks ahead or the roadblocks that stand in our path.I’m not talking about the wishful idealism that allows us to just sit on the sidelines or shirk from a fight.I have always believed that hope is that stubborn thing inside us that insists, despite all the evidence to the contrary, that something better awaits us so long as we have the courage to keep reaching, to keep working, to keep fighting.America, I believe we can build on the progress we’ve made and continue to fight for new jobs and new opportunity and new security for the middle class.I believe we can keep the promise of our founders, the idea that if you’re willing to work hard, it doesn’t matter who you are or where you come from or what you look like or where you love.It doesn’t matter whether you’re black or white or Hispanic or Asian or Native American or young or old or rich or poor, able, disabled, gay or straight, you can make it here in America if you’re willing to try.I believe we can seize this future together because we are not as divided as our politics suggests.We’re not as cynical as the pundits believe.We are greater than the sum of our individual ambitions, and we remain more than a collection of red states and blue states.We are and forever will be the United States of America.And together with your help and God’s grace we will continue our journey forward and remind the world just why it is that we live in the greatest nation on Earth.Thank you, America.God bless you.God bless these United States.
第五篇:奧巴馬勝選演講稿(中英文對(duì)照)
Thank you so much.Tonight, more than 200 years after a former colony won the right to determine its own destiny, the task of perfecting our union moves forward.今夜,在當(dāng)年的殖民地贏得了決定自己命運(yùn)的權(quán)利200多年以后,讓美利堅(jiān)合眾國更加完美的任務(wù)又向前推進(jìn)了一步。
It moves forward because of you.It moves forward because you reaffirmed the spirit that has triumphed over war and depression, the spirit that has lifted this country from the depths of despair to the great heights of hope, the belief that while each of us will pursue our own individual dreams, we are an American family and we rise or fall together as one nation and as one people.這一進(jìn)程是因?yàn)槟銈兌蚯巴七M(jìn)的,因?yàn)槟銈冊(cè)俅未_認(rèn)了那種使美國勝利克服了戰(zhàn)爭和蕭條的精神,那種使美國擺脫絕望的深淵并走向希望的最高點(diǎn)的精神,以及那種雖然我們每個(gè)人都在追求自己的個(gè)人夢想、但我們同屬一個(gè)美國大家庭、并作為一個(gè)國家和民族共同進(jìn)退的信仰。
Tonight, in this election, you, the American people, reminded us that while our road has been hard, while our journey has been long, we have picked ourselves up, we have fought our way back, and we know in our hearts that for the United States of America the best is yet to come.今夜,在此次選舉中,你們這些美國人民提醒我們,雖然我們的道路一直艱難,雖然我們的旅程一直漫長,但我們已經(jīng)讓自己振作起來,我們已經(jīng)發(fā)起反擊,我們?cè)谧约簝?nèi)心深處知道,對(duì)美利堅(jiān)合眾國來說,最美好一切屬于未來。
I want to thank every American who participated in this election, whether you voted for the very first time or waited in line for a very long time.By the way, we have to fix that.Whether you pounded the pavement or picked up the phone, whether you
difference.我想感謝所有參加此次選舉的美國人,無論你是首次參加選舉還是為投票曾長時(shí)間排隊(duì)等候。順便說一句,我們需要解決這些問題。無論你是到投票站投票還是發(fā)傳真投票,無論你選的是奧巴馬還是羅姆尼,你都讓別人聽到了自己的聲音,你都讓美國因你而不同。
I just spoke with Gov.Romney and I congratulated him and Paul Ryan on a hard-fought campaign.We may have battled fiercely, but it’s only because we love this country deeply and we care so strongly about its future.From George to Lenore to their son Mitt, the Romney family has chosen to give back to America through public service and that is the legacy that we honor and applaud tonight.In the weeks ahead, I also look forward to sitting down with Gov.Romney to talk about where we can work together to move this country forward.我要對(duì)羅姆尼州長說幾句話,我對(duì)他和保羅?萊恩在這次競爭激烈的選舉中的表現(xiàn)表示祝賀。我們可能爭奪得很激烈,但這僅僅是因?yàn)槲覀兩類壑@個(gè)國家以及我們?nèi)绱藦?qiáng)烈地關(guān)心著它的未來。從喬治到勒諾到他們的兒子米特,羅姆尼家族選擇了通過公共服務(wù)來回報(bào)美國,那是一種我們今夜表示敬重和贊許的遺產(chǎn)。我期待著今后幾周能與羅姆尼州長坐下來討論一下我們可以從何處著手一起努力將美國推向前進(jìn)。
I want to thank my friend and partner of the last four years, America’s happy warrior, the best vice president anybody could ever hope for, Joe Biden.我想對(duì)我在過去四年中的朋友和伙伴表示感謝。他就是美國的快樂戰(zhàn)士、無出其右的最佳副總統(tǒng)喬?拜登。
And I wouldn’t be the man I am today without the woman who agreed to marry me 20 years ago.Let me say this publicly: Michelle, I have never loved you more.I have never been prouder to watch the rest of America fall in love with you, too, as our nation’s first lady.Sasha and Malia, before our very eyes you’re growing up to become two strong, smart beautiful young women, just like your mom.And I’m so proud of you guys.But I will say that for now one dog’s probably enough.20年前同意嫁給我的女性,我不會(huì)成為今天的我。請(qǐng)讓我公開說出下面這段話:米切爾,我對(duì)你的愛無以復(fù)加,我無比驕傲地看到其他美國人也愛上了你這位我們國家的第一夫人。薩沙和瑪利亞,在我們所有人的見證下你們正成長為兩個(gè)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)、聰明和美麗的年輕女性,就像你們的媽媽一樣。我十分以你們?yōu)闃s。不過我要說的是,眼下家里養(yǎng)一條狗或許已經(jīng)夠了。
To the best campaign team and volunteers in the history of politics.The best.The best ever.Some of you were new this time around, and some of you have been at my side since the very beginning.But all of you are family.No matter what you do or where you go from here, you will carry the memory of the history we made together and you will have the lifelong appreciation of a grateful president.Thank you for believing all the way, through every hill, through every valley.You lifted me up the whole way and I will always be grateful for everything that you’ve done and all the incredible work that you put in.在這個(gè)有史以來的最佳競選團(tuán)隊(duì)和有史以來的最佳志愿者隊(duì)伍中,你們有些人是這次新加入進(jìn)來的,有些人則是一開始就在我身邊。但你們所有人都屬于一個(gè)大家庭。無論你的工作是什么,無論你從哪里來,你們都將獲得我們共同創(chuàng)造的歷史記憶,你們都將被一位充滿感激之情的總統(tǒng)終生感激。感謝你們始終充滿信心,無論是在高峰還是在低谷。你們鼓舞著我走完整個(gè)選舉過程,我對(duì)你們所做的每件事、你們所做的每項(xiàng)不可思議的工作將一直充滿感激。I know that political campaigns can sometimes seem small, even silly.And that provides plenty of fodder for the cynics that tell us that politics is nothing more than a contest of egos or the domain of special interests.But if you ever get the chance to talk to folks who turned out at our rallies and crowded along a rope line in a high school gym, or saw folks working late in a campaign office in some tiny county far away from home, you’ll discover something else.我知道政治角力有時(shí)會(huì)顯得小家子氣甚至愚蠢。它為憤世嫉俗者提供了足夠的口實(shí),他們告訴我們政治不過是自負(fù)者之間的競爭,是特殊利益集團(tuán)的地盤。但如果你曾經(jīng)有機(jī)會(huì)與參加我們集會(huì)的那些人以及高中體育館內(nèi)擠在隔離繩外的那些人攀談,或者看到那些在遠(yuǎn)離家鄉(xiāng)的偏遠(yuǎn)小縣的競選辦公室內(nèi)加班工作的人,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些別的東西。
’ll hear the determination in the voice of a young field organizer who’s working his way through college and wants to make sure every child has that same opportunity.You’ll hear the pride in the voice of a volunteer who’s going door to door because her brother was finally hired when the local auto plant added another shift.You’ll hear the deep patriotism in the voice of a military spouse who’s working the phones late at night to make sure that no one who fights for this country ever has to fight for a job or a roof over their head when they come home.你將從一位年輕的活動(dòng)現(xiàn)場組織者的聲音里聽到他的決心,他邊在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)邊從事助選工作,他希望確保每個(gè)孩子都能擁有同樣的機(jī)會(huì)。你將從一位志愿者的聲音里聽到她的驕傲,她挨門動(dòng)員選民是因?yàn)樗绺缃K因當(dāng)?shù)匾患移囍圃鞆S增加了一個(gè)班次而有了工作。你將從一對(duì)軍人夫婦的聲音里聽到深深的愛國情懷。他們深夜時(shí)還在接聽選舉電話,以確保那些曾經(jīng)為這個(gè)國家作戰(zhàn)的人不會(huì)返回家園時(shí)還要為得到一份工作或棲身之所而苦苦爭斗。That’s why we do this.That’s what politics can be.That’s why elections matter.It’s not small, it’s big.It’s important.Democracy in a nation of 300 million can be noisy and messy and complicated.We have our own opinions.Each of us has deeply held beliefs.And when we go through tough times, when we make big decisions as a country, it necessarily stirs passions, stirs up controversy.正因?yàn)槿绱耍覀円M(jìn)行選舉。這是政治所能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)的。正因?yàn)槿绱?,選舉很重要。這不是小事,而是大事,是至關(guān)重要的事。在一個(gè)有三億人口的國家實(shí)行民主制度可能嘈雜不堪、一團(tuán)混亂、情況復(fù)雜。我們有自己的觀點(diǎn)。我們每個(gè)人都有自己深信的信仰。當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷艱難時(shí)期,當(dāng)我們作為一個(gè)國家做出重大決定時(shí),這必然會(huì)激發(fā)熱情,也必然會(huì)引發(fā)爭議。That won’t change after tonight, and it shouldn’t.These arguments we have are a mark of our liberty.We can never forget that as we speak people in distant nations are risking their lives right now just for a chance to argue about the issues that matter, the chance to cast their ballots like we did today.這都不會(huì)改變,也不應(yīng)該改變。我們進(jìn)行的這些爭論恰恰體現(xiàn)了我們的自由。我們永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)忘記,就在我們講話之際,遙遠(yuǎn)國度的人們現(xiàn)在正冒著生命危險(xiǎn),僅僅是為了獲得一個(gè)能夠?qū)χ匾獑栴}進(jìn)行爭論、像我們今天這樣投票的機(jī)會(huì)。
But despite all our differences, most of us share certain hopes for America’s future.We want our kids to grow up in a country where they have access to the best schools and the best teachers.A country that lives up to its legacy as the global leader in technology and discovery and innovation, with all the good jobs and new businesses that follow.不過,盡管我們存在這樣那樣的分歧,我們大多數(shù)人都對(duì)美國的未來有著某些共同的希望。我們希望我們的孩子成長的國家能夠讓他們上最好的學(xué)校、接受最好老師的教導(dǎo)。一個(gè)無愧于全球技術(shù)、探索和創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)袖光輝歷史的國家,倘能如此,各種好工作和新企業(yè)將隨之而來。We want our children to live in an America that isn’t burdened by debt, that isn’t weakened by inequality, that isn’t threatened by the destructive power of a warming planet.We want to pass on a country that’s safe and respected and admired around the world, a nation that is defended by the strongest military on earth and the best troops this – this world has ever known.But also a country that moves with confidence beyond this time of war, to shape a peace that is built on the promise of freedom and dignity for every human being.我們希望我們的孩子能夠生活在一個(gè)沒有債務(wù)之累、沒有不公之苦、沒有全球變暖帶來的破壞之虞的美國。我們希望留給后代一個(gè)安全、受到全球尊重和贊賞的國家,一個(gè)由全球有史以來最強(qiáng)大的軍事力量和最好的部隊(duì)保衛(wèi)的國家,一個(gè)滿懷信心走過戰(zhàn)爭、在人人享有自由和尊嚴(yán)的承諾之上構(gòu)建和平的國家。
We believe in a generous America, in a compassionate America, in a tolerant America, open to the dreams of an immigrant’s daughter who studies in our schools and pledges to our flag.To the young boy on the south side of Chicago who sees a life beyond the nearest street corner.To the furniture worker’s child in North Carolina who wants to become a doctor or a scientist, an engineer or an entrepreneur, a diplomat
or even a president – that’s the future we hope for.That’s the vision we share.That’s where we need to go – forward.That’s where we need to go.我們堅(jiān)信一個(gè)慷慨的美國、一個(gè)富有同情心的美國、一個(gè)寬容的美國。美國向一位移民的女兒的夢想打開了大門,讓她有機(jī)會(huì)在我們的學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)、對(duì)著我們的國旗宣誓;美國向芝加哥南部地區(qū)的一個(gè)小男孩打開了大門,讓有機(jī)會(huì)他看到一個(gè)最近街角以外的遠(yuǎn)大人生;美國向北卡羅來納州的一位家具工人的孩子打開了大門,讓他有機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)自己當(dāng)醫(yī)生或科學(xué)家、工程師或企業(yè)家、外交官甚至是總統(tǒng)的夢想,這是我們希望的未來。這是我們共同的愿景。這是我們奔赴的方向,向前的方向。這是我們需要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。