第一篇：高考英語(yǔ)不定式的用法及真題練習(xí)

不定式

不定式的用法：不定式的否定形式是在所有的不定式to 前加not

(1)作主語(yǔ)

不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，往往放在謂語(yǔ)之后，用it作形式主語(yǔ)。

To see is to believe．

眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。

It is right to give up smoking.戒煙是對(duì)的。

It is kind of you to come to see me.(2)作賓語(yǔ)

不定式短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果還帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，往往把不定式賓語(yǔ)放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后，而用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。

e.g.He wanted to go．

他想走。

I find it interesting to work with him.我發(fā)現(xiàn)和他一起工作有趣。

有作形式賓語(yǔ), 主要有兩類動(dòng)詞:

● 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是make;find;believe;think;feel等時(shí), 常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)

● 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是表好惡的詞, 如: like;dislike;hate;appreciate常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)They made it possible to finish the task in two days.I find it difficult to study English well.I hate it when a person speak with his mouth full.We will appreciate it if you help us.(3)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

He asked me to do the work with him．

他叫我跟他一起做這個(gè)工作。

注意：

1）在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have，1et, make等詞后的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)中, 不定式不帶to。

+ 不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程;

+ 現(xiàn)在分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作與賓語(yǔ)之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系, 及動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行;

+ 過(guò)去分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作與賓語(yǔ)之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系, 及動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成.如:

I must see my child cross the street.I saw the thief stealing her money.You will see many problems settled in this way.2）但是這些句中如果變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，就必須帶to。

The boss made Miss White type the letter again.注意: 當(dāng)這些動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí) 必須補(bǔ)充出來(lái).如

Miss White was made to type the letter again.如果對(duì)這些動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn), 則照抄

Who(Whom)did the boss make type the letter again?

Who(Whom)would you rather have go with ?

(4)作定語(yǔ)

I have some books for you to read.我有幾本書供給你讀。

注①：作定語(yǔ)的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。

e.g.He is looking for a room to live in ．

他在找一個(gè)房間住。

There is nothing to worry about．

無(wú)什么可擔(dān)心的。

Please give me a knife to cut with．

請(qǐng)給我把刀子來(lái)切東西。

②: 不定式是否用被動(dòng), 不定式作定語(yǔ)與所修飾詞之間形成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系, 若句中有不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ), 不定式用主動(dòng);反之用被動(dòng).Do you have anything to send ?你有東西要去寄嗎?(寄的動(dòng)作是you發(fā)出的)

Do you have anything to be sent ? 你有東西要寄嗎?(寄的動(dòng)作不是you發(fā)出的, 是別人

幫寄的)

I have something to say.(5)作狀語(yǔ)，表示目的、原因、結(jié)果或條件。

e.g.I came here to see you．(目的)

We were very excited to hear the news．(原因)

He hurried to the school to find nobody there.(結(jié)果)

To look at him，you would like。(條件)

目的狀語(yǔ)還可以用in order to或so as to來(lái)表示。

e.g.In order to pass the exam，he worked very hard．

為了考試及格，他學(xué)習(xí)很刻苦。

We ran all the way so as not to be late．

為了別遲到我們一路上跑來(lái)的。

注意: 不定式經(jīng)常和only;never連用, 強(qiáng)調(diào)出乎意料的結(jié)果或失望的情緒.After that day they were separated, never to see each other again.I hurried to get there , only to find him out.(6)不定式在句中用主動(dòng)式還是被動(dòng)式，多數(shù)情況下是容易判別的，但有時(shí)的確比較復(fù)雜，請(qǐng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

A)不定式修飾的名詞或代詞和不定式邏輯上構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式往往用主動(dòng)形式。

Have you got a key to unlock the door?

B)不定式和它前面被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，又和該句主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式常用主動(dòng)形式。

I have got a letter to write．

He needs a room to live in．

C)不定式作表語(yǔ)形容詞的狀語(yǔ)，和句中的主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式多用主動(dòng)形式，這是因?yàn)槿藗兺J(rèn)為形容詞后省去了for one或for people．

e.g.He is hard to talk to．

The book is difficult to understand．

(7)不定式省to的情況

● 在使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后省to

Don’t let me wait for long.● 不定式動(dòng)詞在介詞but，except，besides后面時(shí)，如果這些介詞之前有行為動(dòng)詞do的各

種形式，那么，這些介詞后的不定式不帶to，否則要帶to。

e.g.She could do nothing but cry．

她只會(huì)哭了。

What do you like to do besides swimming?

除游泳外你還喜歡什么?

I have no choice but to go．

我不得不走。

● 當(dāng)不定式在系動(dòng)詞be后作表語(yǔ)時(shí), 如果主語(yǔ)部分帶實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do時(shí), 就可以省去toThe only thing I can do is wait for help.What boys like to do most is become businessmen.All we have to do is clean or peel them.What I can do tomorrow is stay at home and sleep all day.(8)不定式的時(shí)態(tài)

(1)不定式的一般形式所表示的動(dòng)作，通常與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))同時(shí)(或幾乎同時(shí))發(fā)生，或是在它之后發(fā)生。

e.g.I saw him go out．我看見(jiàn)他出去了。

(2)如果謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作(情況)發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，這時(shí)不定式就要用進(jìn)行式。

e.g.I am very glad to be working with you．

很高興和你一起工作。

He is said to be studying abroad, but I don’t know which country he is studying.(study 與is said同時(shí)發(fā)生)

(3)如果不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，要用完成式。

e.g.I’m sorry to have kept you waiting．

對(duì)不起讓你久等了。

He is said to have studied abroad, but I don’t know the country he studied in.(study 發(fā)生在is said之前)

Do some exercises

1.Tom should love______________ to the cinema tonight.A.to be takenB.to takeC.being takenD.taking

2.---We usually travel by train ?

---Why not _____________ by boat for a change ?

A.to try travelingB.trying to travel

C.to try and travelD.try traveling

3． I warned my son _____________ after drinking.A.never to driveB.to never drive

C.never drivingD.never drive

4.Wang Tao was made ________________ the dishes for a week as a punishment.A.to washB.washingC.washD.to be washing

5.The boy wanted to swim in the lake, but his mother told him ___________.A.not toB.not to doC.not to do itD.do not to

8.When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person_____________.A.to sendB.for sending

C.to send it toD.for sending it to

9.The headmaster wanted the new classroom building ____________ as soon as possible.A.to put upB.to be put up

C.to have been put upD.being put up

10.She made a candle _____________ us light.A.giveB.gaveC.to giveD.given

11.He felt a stone _______________ his back.A.hittingB.hitC.hittedD.to hit

12.In Australia, he made a lot of friends ______________ a very practical knowledge of the

English language.A.getB.to getC.gettingD.got

13.---What did you mean by saying that ?

---I mean no harm.I only __________________.A.meant helpingB.want to helpC.meant to helpD.want helping

14.She searched the top of the hill and stopped _____________ on a big rock by the side of the

path.A.to have restedB.restingC.to restD.rest

15.The Olympic Games, _____________ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.A.first playingB.to be first played

C.first playedD.to be first playing

16.The problem _______________ at the meeting tomorrow is very important to all of us.A.discussedB.to discuss

C.being discussedD.to be discussed

17.“Do you have any clothes _______________ today ?” Father asked Mother.A.washingB.to washC.washedD.to be washed

18.He raised his hand _____________ the taxi _______________.A.to have;to stopB.to have;stop

C.having;stoppingD.having;stop

19.He hurried to the station only ______________ the train had left.A.to be toldB.to tellC.tellingD.told

20.I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good______________

A.to be breathedB.to breathe

C.breathingD.being breathed

21.________________the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A.CompletingB.Having completed

C.To have completedD.To complete

22.The message is very important, so it is supposed _____________ as soon as possible.A.to be sentB.to send

C.being sentD.sending

23.---The last one ______________ pays the meal.---Agreed!

A.arrivedB.arrivesC.to arriveD.arriving

24.---Excuse me sir, where is Room 301?

---Just a minute.I’ll have Bob ______________ you to your room.A.showB.showsC.to showD.showing

25.It remains ______________ whether Jim’ll be fit enough to play in the finals.A.seenB.to be seenC.seeingD.to see

26.Robert is said ____________ abroad, but I don’t know in which country he.A.have been studyingB.to have been studying

C.have studiedD.to have studied

27.I can’t stand _____________ with Jane in the same office.She just refuses

__________talking while she works.A.working;stoppingB.to work;stopping

C.working;to stopD.to work;to stop

第二篇：2014湖北高考英語(yǔ)真題take in用法總結(jié)（精選）

2014湖北高考英語(yǔ)真題take in用法總結(jié)

[高考真題]It was several minutes ________________________ what he was saying.(take)過(guò)了好幾分鐘，我才理解他說(shuō)的是什么。（2014湖北卷80）

解析：before I could take in/ took in

1.◆把……拿進(jìn)來(lái)或帶進(jìn)來(lái)

Please take the washing in, if it rains.2.◆包含，包括

The tour takes in some famous old temples.The tour takes in six European capitals.這次旅行包括六個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家的首都。

3.◆吸收、攝?。I(yíng)養(yǎng)、水分等）；吸入，吞入

To take in nutrition, we should eat different kinds of food.Fish take in oxygen through their gills.魚用鰓呼吸氧氣。

4.◆收容、收留，留宿（讓某人住下）→take sb.in；接受，容納

Japan refused to take in the refugees(難民).He was homeless, so we took him in.他無(wú)家可歸，我們便收留了他。

When did this hotel schedule to take in guests? 這家旅館什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始接待客人？

Do you take in travelers for only the night? 你們只接待夜間住宿的客人嗎？

This harbor is able to take in large cargo-vessels of 10,000 ton’s capacity.這個(gè)港口也能容納萬(wàn)噸級(jí)貨輪作業(yè)了。

5.◆招收（=be admitted to）、吸收{(diào)常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)}

My sister 去年我姐姐考上北大了。

China’s large population meat that the schools had to expand to take in many more students.6.▓注意到；敏銳地觀察到；馬上看到，看出；一目了然，一覽無(wú)余：

The tourists took in the full beauty of the scenery.游客們充分領(lǐng)略這里的美景。

to take the situation in看清局勢(shì)

7.◆理解，領(lǐng)會(huì)，體會(huì)，了解閱讀文章是一回事，充分理解又是另一回事。They all came to my lecture yesterday, but I don’t know 昨天他們都來(lái)聽(tīng)課了，但理解了多少我就不知道了。他仔細(xì)打量了她一番。

8.◆欺騙，蒙騙，輕信、誤導(dǎo)→take sb.in

He totally took her in.Don’t trust the boy, he’ll take you in if he gets the chance.她的一番花言巧語(yǔ)完全把我騙了。

The lady 那位女士輕信了孩子的話，給了他十美元讓他買回程車票。

From the facts you can see that children are easily taken in.從這些事實(shí)可以看出，兒童是很容易被說(shuō)服的。

9.─◆改小，改瘦

Please take in the dress a little.This dress needs to be taken in at the waist.這件連衣裙腰身需要改瘦一些。

10.─◆訂閱，訂購(gòu)

Which magazine do you want to take in this year?今年你想訂閱什么雜志呢？

Can we take in China Daily by half a year? 我們能訂半年的中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)嗎？

第三篇：高考英語(yǔ)真題2016

2016年高考英語(yǔ)試題全國(guó)卷Ⅱ（廣東卷）筆試部分 試卷結(jié)構(gòu)(2015-07-08 15:58:38)轉(zhuǎn)載▼

標(biāo)簽： 2016年高考英語(yǔ)試題全 分類： 高考題庫(kù)

2016年高考英語(yǔ)試題全國(guó)卷Ⅱ（廣東卷）筆試部分 試卷結(jié)構(gòu) 最新

（參考原2015上海，甘肅，內(nèi)蒙，新疆，陜西，山東，湖北，河北通用卷）

本試題是根據(jù)《廣東省教育廳關(guān)于廣東省普通高考使用全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題試卷的通知》（粵教考函〔2015〕24號(hào)）的精神編制。2016年高考英語(yǔ)試題全國(guó)卷Ⅱ（廣東卷）筆試部分 試卷結(jié)構(gòu) 最新

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分 聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）略 第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A My color television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of clothes that wouldn’t fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model.I realized this a day later, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid.The set worked so beautiful when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night.Fortunately, I didn’t get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(靜電)noise.For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds.Gradually, this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to another channel and then change it back.Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound.I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉)shaking my set.When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away.At last I ended up hitting the set with my first, and it stopped working altogether.My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the sit is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.21.Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set? A.He got an older model than he had expected.B.He couldn’t return it when it was broken.C.He could have bought it at a lower price.D.He failed to find any movie shows on it.22.Which of the following an best replace the phrase “signed off” in paragraph 1? A.ended all their programs

B.provided fewer channels C.changed to commercials

D.showed all-night movies 23.How did the author finally get this TV set working again? A.By shaking and hitting it

B.By turning it on and off C.By switching channels

D.By having it repaired 24.How does the author sound when telling the story?

A.Curious

B.Anxious

C.Cautious

D.Humorous B Your house may have an effect on your figure.experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.you can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights.dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious(難為情)when they’re in poorly lit places – and so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us less hungry.So when it’s time to repaint, go blue.Don’t forget the clock – or the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里)per meal than those who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at 30 minutes.And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down, turning on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plants can easily makes us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake(攝入)jumps by 14 percent.And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.25.The text is especially helpful for those who care about ____.A.their home comforts

B.their body shape C.house buying

D.healthy diets 26.A home environment in blue can help people ____.A.digest food better

B.reduce food intake C.burn more calories

D.regain their appetites 27.What are people advised to do at mealtimes? A.Eat quickly.B.Play fast music C.Use smaller spoons

D.Turn down the lights 28.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Is Your House Making You Fat?

B.Ways of Serving Dinner C.Effects of Self-Consciousness

D.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing? C More students than ever before are taking a gap year(間隔年)before going to university.It used to be the “year off” between school and university.The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源)with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service(UCAS).That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year.Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education.“Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course.Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,” he said.But not everyone is happy.Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students(NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education.“New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to￡15,000 in debt.It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacating periods,” he said.29.What do we learn about the gap year from the text? A.It is flexible in length.B.It is a time for relaxation C.It is increasingly popular D.It is required by universities 30.According to Tony Higgins.students taking a gap year ____.A.are better prepared for college studies B.know a lot more about their future job C.are more likely to leave university in debt D.have a better chance to enter top universities 31.How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon? A.He’s puzzled B.He’s worried C.He’s surprised D.He’s annoyed

32.What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics? A.Attend additional courses.B.Make plans for the new term C.Earn money for their education D.Prepare for their graduate studies

D Choose Your One-Day-Tours!Tour AOxford & Startford including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's-￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges.Look over the “city of dreaming spires(尖頂）”from St Mary’s Church Tower.Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour C-Windsor Castle &Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace-￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VILL's favorite palace.Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included).With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宮)where it is easy to get lost!Tour D-Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great-￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.33.Which tour will you choose if you want to see England’s oldest university city? A.Tour A B.Tour B C.Tour C D.Tour D 34.Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March? A.Windsor Castle & Hampton Court B.Oxford & Stratford C.Bath & Stonehenge D.Cambridge 35.Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction? A.It used to be the home of royal families B.It used to be a well-known maze C.It is the oldest palace in Britain D.It is a world-famous castle 第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs.36 , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit.37

.As always, you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day.38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.39

.After two weeks, start timing yourself.40

.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A.After six days B.For a good marathon runner C.Before you begin your training D.With each day, increase the distance by a half mile E.If they still feel good, you can begin running in them F.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training G.Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time 第三部分

英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1．5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A, B, C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Where do you go when you want to learn something? School? A friend? A tutor? These are all

places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want

somewhere else instead.I had the

of seeing this first hand on a

44.My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They did well this season and so

a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some 46 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams

trained.Through the first two games, her

did not get one serious shot on goal.As a parent, I

seeing my daughter playing her best，50

still defeated.It seemed that something clicked with the

between Saturday and Sunday.When they

for their Sunday game, they were

different.They had begun to integrate(融合)the kinds of play and teamwork they had

the day before into their

55.They played aggressively and

scored a goal.It

me that playing against the other team was a great

moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle.59

is the best teacher.The lessons they learned may not be

what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own.41.A.public

B.traditional

C.official

D.special 42.A.passes

B.works

C.lies

43.A.dream

C.habit

44.A.trip

C.weekend

45.A.won

C.organized

46.A.painful

C.common

47.A.less

C.newly

48.A.fans

C.class

49.A.imagined C.avoided

50.A.if

C.but

D.ends

D.chance

D.square

D.watched

D.practical

D.better

D.team

D.missed

D.as

B.idea

B.holiday

B.entered

B.strange

B.poorly

B.tutors

B.hated

B.or

51.A.girls

B.parents

C.coaches

D.viewers 52.A.dressed

B.showed up

C.made up

D.planned 53.A.slightly

B.hardly

C.basically

D.completely 54.A.seen

B.known

C.heard

D.read 55.A.styles

B.training

C.game

D.rules 56.A.even

B.still

C.seldom

D.again 57.A.confused

B.struck

C.reminded

D.warned 58.A.touching

B.thinking

C.encouraging

D.learning 59.A.Experience

B.Independence

C.Curiosity

D.Interest 60.A.harmful to

B.mixed with

C.different from

D.applied to 第二節(jié) 語(yǔ)篇填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

The adobe dwellings(土坯房)61（build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even

most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their

(able)to “air condition” a house without

64(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat

65(slow)during cool nights, thus warming the house.When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough

(cool)the house during the hot day;67

the same time, they warm up again for the night.This cycle

(go)day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As

(nature)architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly

thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.第Ⅱ卷

第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）

第二節(jié)

短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞作斜線（）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

One day , little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later, Tony saw parents.Mom said,“How nice to see you again!Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）

86.假如你是李華，計(jì)劃和同學(xué)去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人們國(guó)重陽(yáng)節(jié)（the Double Ninth Festival）。請(qǐng)給外教Lucy寫封郵件，邀她一同前往，內(nèi)容包括： 1.出發(fā)及返回時(shí)間；

2.活動(dòng)：包餃子、表演節(jié)目等。注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3.結(jié)語(yǔ)已為你寫好。

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply.Yours Li Hua

【參考答案】 【答案】 21.C 22.A 23.D 24.D 22.A 詞義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)后一句，幸運(yùn)的是，我不用整晚上看電影了，否則我不能睡覺(jué)了，故選A。

23.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，可知作者修電視機(jī)花了62美元，故選D。

24.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)開(kāi)頭說(shuō)：沒(méi)有電視節(jié)目就可以睡覺(jué)，中間還說(shuō)晃動(dòng)電視來(lái)鍛煉肌肉，可知作者語(yǔ)調(diào)幽默。故選D。考點(diǎn)：故事類短文閱讀

【答案】 25.B 26.B 27.C 28.A 26.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句話in one study,......可知在藍(lán)色的房間內(nèi)人吃的相對(duì)較少。

27.C 推理判斷題。最后一段介紹，要想少吃，要用小碗小勺，前面介紹說(shuō)到，吃得快，房間暗會(huì)增加飲食，放舒緩的音樂(lè)有助于減少飲食的速度和進(jìn)食量。故選C。

28.A主旨大意題。根據(jù)開(kāi)頭的后文可知，本文就房間的布置給那些想減肥的人士提了一些建議。所以選A可以更好地概括全文。

考點(diǎn)：科普類短文閱讀

【答案】 29.C 30.A 31.B 32.C 30.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由人名定位到短文第三段。第三段在說(shuō)它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，有間隔年之后再去上大學(xué)，會(huì)讓人更成熟有責(zé)任感，對(duì)大學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)有幫助。故選A?？键c(diǎn)：社會(huì)社會(huì)類短文閱讀

【答案】 33.B 34.D 35.A 34.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)每一部分的價(jià)格介紹：Tour A到3月17日為￡37，Tour B為￡36，Tour C為￡37，Tour D為￡33，故選D。

35.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hampton was once the home of four Kings and one Queen判斷答案為A?？键c(diǎn)：廣告類短文閱讀。

【答案】 36.C 37.E 38.A 39.D 40.G 37.E考查對(duì)上下文的理解。上文提到：穿著鞋走走路以確保合適，下文提到跑。所以這里應(yīng)該說(shuō)如果穿著的感覺(jué)很好，就可以跑了。故選E。

38.A考查對(duì)上下文的理解。上文提到練習(xí)的第一周怎么做，下文提到第二周，所以這里應(yīng)該是練習(xí)一周后稍做休息，一周是6天，故選A。

39.D考查對(duì)上下文的理解。這里在討論逐漸加長(zhǎng)跑步的距離，每天增加一定的距離才合理，故選D。

40.G考查對(duì)上下文的理解。最后是提速。在規(guī)定的距離內(nèi)如何訓(xùn)練自己跑得快。這樣才能參加比賽。故選G?？键c(diǎn)：生活類短文閱讀。

【答案】 41.B 42.C 43.D 44.C 45.B 46.A 47.D 48.D 49.B 50.C 51.A 52.B 53.D 54.A 55.C 56.A 57.B 58.D 59.A 60.C 42.C考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.passes傳遞；B.works起作用；C.lies在于； D.ends結(jié)束。本句應(yīng)該分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)：the learning 后是定語(yǔ)從句you really want，所以這里所填的是做謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞。真正想要的學(xué)習(xí)卻不在上述的這些地方，在其他的地方。故選C。

43.D考查名詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.dream夢(mèng)想；B.idea想法；C.habit習(xí)慣；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。我有機(jī)會(huì)看到了這樣的學(xué)習(xí)。44.C考查名詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.trip旅行；B.holiday假期；C.weekend周末；D.square廣場(chǎng)。從下文的周六的比賽會(huì)很艱苦和It seemed that something clicked with the

between Saturday and Sunday.可知，是周末發(fā)生的事。

45.B考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.won贏；B.entered進(jìn)入；C.organized組織；D.watched觀看。從下文可知，女兒所在的足球隊(duì)打得好所以進(jìn)入了錦標(biāo)賽。

46.A考查形容詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.painful痛苦的；B.strange奇怪的；C.common普通的；D.practical 實(shí)用的。由語(yǔ)境可知，對(duì)手比作者女兒的隊(duì)better trained，可以推斷這將是一場(chǎng)痛苦的比賽。

47.D考查副詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.less少于；B.poorly差的；C.newly新的；D.better更好的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，進(jìn)入錦標(biāo)賽的一般都是訓(xùn)練更好的隊(duì)伍。

48.D考查名詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.fans粉絲；B.tutors教練；C.class班；D.team隊(duì)。根據(jù)上下文可知，是女兒所在的足球隊(duì)沒(méi)進(jìn)球得分。49.B考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.imagined想象；B.hated不喜歡；

C.avoided避免；D.missed想念，錯(cuò)過(guò)。作為家長(zhǎng)，一般都不會(huì)喜歡看自己的孩子盡力了，又要輸。

50.C考查連詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.if 如果；B.or或者；C.but但是；D.as因?yàn)?。根?jù)上文可知，沒(méi)進(jìn)球，自己的孩子盡力了卻要輸，這是作為家長(zhǎng)所不愿意看到的。

51.A考查名詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.girls女孩；B.parents家長(zhǎng)；C.coaches教練；D.viewers觀眾。本文一直在說(shuō)女兒，當(dāng)然應(yīng)該是說(shuō)女孩子們的變化。

52.B考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.dressed給??穿衣服；B.showed up出現(xiàn)；C.made up編造；D.planned計(jì)劃。從下文可知，周日和周六的表現(xiàn)完全不同。

53.D考查副詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.slightly輕微地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.basically基本地；D.completely完全地；根據(jù)后面文章可知，這些孩子們表現(xiàn)和之前完全不同，completely符合語(yǔ)境。54.A考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.seen看；B.known

知道；C.heard聽(tīng)到；D.read讀。她們把她們所看到的球隊(duì)的打法運(yùn)用到自己的比賽中。

55.C考查名詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.styles風(fēng)格；B.training

訓(xùn)練；C.game比賽；D.rules規(guī)則。她們把前一天在賽場(chǎng)上看到的打法和團(tuán)隊(duì)精神運(yùn)用到自己的賽場(chǎng)上。所以才和以前不同。59.A考查名詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.Experience經(jīng)歷；B.Independence獨(dú)立；C.Curiosity好奇；D.Interest興趣。結(jié)合全文的意思可知，經(jīng)歷是最好的老師。

60.C考查動(dòng)詞以及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.harmful to對(duì)??有傷害；B.mixed with混合；C.different from不同；D.applied to應(yīng)用于。親身體驗(yàn)得到的東西和在學(xué)校里學(xué)到的可能不同，但是更有個(gè)性有意義。

考點(diǎn)：教育類短文閱讀。

【答案】 61.built 62.the 63.ability 64.using 65.slowly 66.to cool 67.at 68.goes 69.natural 70.how 64.using

介詞without后接動(dòng)名詞use去掉字母e再加-ing。65.slowly 用slow的副詞形式slowly修飾動(dòng)詞give out.66.to cool 形容詞加enough后接不定式。67.at

at the same time是固定詞組。

68.goes

根據(jù)上下文，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。這種循環(huán)日復(fù)一日。

69.natural 形容詞做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞architects。

70.how 根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)用how修飾形容詞thick，連接賓語(yǔ)從句?？键c(diǎn)：語(yǔ)法填空。

【答案】

71.parent改為parents 72.on改為in 73.very去掉 74.looks改為looking 75.where改為that 或者去掉 where 76.begun改為began 77.telling改為told 78.a改為the 79.saw后加his 80.terrible改為terribly 【解析】

試題分析：本文講述了小男孩Tony和父母上街購(gòu)物，街上人多，Tony沒(méi)有告訴父母就獨(dú)自進(jìn)了一家商店，結(jié)果和父母走散，后來(lái)在街上又得以相見(jiàn)的故事。71.parent改為parents 看下文可知，是父母兩個(gè)，所以用parents。72.on改為in Tony走進(jìn)商店，說(shuō)明玩具在櫥窗里面，用in。73.very去掉

這里是“如此喜歡以至于”的意思，應(yīng)該是：like so much that?.74.looks改為looking after之后跟從句或v-ing形式，故looks改為looking。

75.where改為that 或者去掉 where found后面的賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句，故where改為that或者去掉where。

76.begun改為began and前后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)要一致，故begun改為began。

77.telling改為told and前后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)要一致，see和tell是并列謂語(yǔ)，故telling改為told。

78.a改為the 由上下文可知，此處shop是第二次出現(xiàn)，應(yīng)該用定冠詞，故a改為the。

79.saw后加his 由上下文可知，他看到的是他的父母，故 saw后加his。

80.terrible改為terribly 修飾形容詞worried要用副詞，故 terrible改為terribly?？键c(diǎn)：語(yǔ)法填空。

Dear Lucy, I’d like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.It is the day for the elderly in our culture.We’ll go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there.We’ll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope will make them happy.We should be back around 4 o’clock in the afternoon.If you are able to come with us, please let us know and we’ll wait for you at the gate at 9 in the morning.Looking forward to your reply.Yours Li Hua 【解析】

試題分析：本篇書面表達(dá)屬于英文書信，根據(jù)提示信息說(shuō)明邀請(qǐng)Lucy去參加的活動(dòng)和時(shí)間等。寫作時(shí)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1、仔細(xì)閱讀有關(guān)提示，弄清試題提供的所有信息，明確三個(gè)要點(diǎn)：邀請(qǐng)、時(shí)間、具體活動(dòng)。

2、提綱是文章的總體框架，要在提綱的范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行分析、構(gòu)思和想象。要依據(jù)提示情景或詞語(yǔ)，按照一定邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)寫。本文寫作時(shí)可以按照要點(diǎn)所給的順序?qū)憽?/p>

3、根據(jù)要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容確定句子的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)；就本文而言應(yīng)該用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。4.注意使用高級(jí)詞匯和句式，以增加文章的亮點(diǎn)?！玖咙c(diǎn)說(shuō)明】本文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，層次分明。We’ll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope will make them happy.中用了which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句和句式spend time doing。此外，還有if從句以及一些短語(yǔ)如invite you to join us，for a visit to，make dumplings等。考點(diǎn)：考查提綱作文。

第四篇：動(dòng)詞不定式用法小結(jié)

動(dòng)詞不定式用法小結(jié)

動(dòng)詞不定式是一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“to＋動(dòng)詞原形”，其中to不是介詞，而是動(dòng)詞不定式的符號(hào)，稱為小品詞，動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。動(dòng)詞不定式和其后面的名詞等構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)，在句子中可以用作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。

一.作主語(yǔ)

例如：To be a doctor is hard.做醫(yī)生很難。

To learn English well is not easy.學(xué)好英語(yǔ)不容易。

動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了避免句子的頭重腳輕，可以用“it”作形式主語(yǔ)，而把真正的主語(yǔ)－－動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示為：

It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.如果動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作是誰(shuí)做的，可以在動(dòng)詞不定式前面加一個(gè)由介詞for引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，稱為不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。例：

It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning.對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)每天早晨大聲讀英語(yǔ)是很有益的。

It is important for students to use English every day.對(duì)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)每天使用英語(yǔ)是很重要的。

二.作表語(yǔ)：

動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）作表語(yǔ)常用于系詞be的后面。例：

His work is to drive a car.他的工作是開(kāi)車。

Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是當(dāng)醫(yī)生。

三.作賓語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）可以放在一些動(dòng)詞后面用作賓語(yǔ)，能以動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：

eg:They begin to work at eight every morning.他們每天早晨8點(diǎn)開(kāi)始工作。

Don’t forget to lock the door.別忘了鎖門。

Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?

明天和我們一起去野餐好嗎？

*如果and連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式，第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式一般省“to”例：

（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我們一起去游泳。

（2）若作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）很長(zhǎng)，可用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。

He found it hard to catch up with others.他覺(jué)得趕上別人很困難。

四.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：

The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.老師讓我們?cè)绯孔x半小時(shí)英語(yǔ)。

Please let me help you.讓我來(lái)幫助你。

動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示賓語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作，可以用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官聽(tīng)覺(jué)動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式一般要省略動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)“to”，可以歸納為以下三種句式：

1.不可以省to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：

tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb.to do sth.例:I want you to go now.我想讓你現(xiàn)在就走。

Her parents wish her to be a teacher.她父母親希望她當(dāng)老師。

2.省“to”的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：

Let / make / have sb.do sth.Let the boy go out now.讓那個(gè)男孩出去。

The boy made the baby cry.男孩弄哭了這個(gè)小孩。

see / watch / hear / notice / feel sb.do sth.I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.昨天我看見(jiàn)學(xué)生們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)打籃球。

I often hear the girl sing in the next room.我經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到女孩在隔壁唱歌。

3.可省可不省的：

help sb.（to）do sth.I often help my mother（to）do housework.我經(jīng)常幫媽媽做家務(wù)。

*動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not.例：

（1）Tell them not to play football in the street.告訴他們不要在街道上踢足球。

（2）省to的動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式是直接在動(dòng)詞前面加not.例：

Let the boy not go.讓那個(gè)男孩別走。

（3）如果將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式則不省“to”，即原來(lái)省的再加上，例：

The boy made the baby cry.The baby was made to cry by the boy.那個(gè)孩子被男孩弄哭了。

五.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常用來(lái)修飾名詞或不定代詞，放于所修飾的詞后，為后置定語(yǔ)。例：

Who was the first one to arrive?

誰(shuí)第一個(gè)到的？

She has no paper to write on?

她沒(méi)有紙寫字？

The best way to learn English is to use it.學(xué)英語(yǔ)最好的方法是使用它。

When is the best time to plant vegetables?

什么時(shí)候是種植蔬菜的最好時(shí)間？

*動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)，與其所修飾的詞具有一種動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，如果不定式中的動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其后應(yīng)加上一個(gè)含義上所需要的介詞。例：

He has no house to live in.他沒(méi)有房子住。

六.動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)：

動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)常用在go, come, hurry等不及物動(dòng)詞后，表目的。

They got up early to catch the early bus.他們?cè)缙鹑ペs早班車。

有時(shí)可以把不定式（短語(yǔ)）提前，放于句首，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)目的。例：

To early English quickly and well, he went to England.為了更快更好地學(xué)英語(yǔ)，他去了英國(guó)。七.不定式和疑問(wèn)詞連用，可以作句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。例：The problem is where to get a computer.（表語(yǔ)）

No one knows how to do it.沒(méi)有人知道如何做這件事。（賓語(yǔ)）

I really don’t know which one to choose.（賓語(yǔ)）

我真的不知道選哪一個(gè)。

When and where to have the party is not known.（主語(yǔ)）

何時(shí)何地舉行聯(lián)歡還不知道。

*不定式和疑問(wèn)詞連用作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)有時(shí)可以改為賓語(yǔ)從句。例：

I don’t know what to do next.我不知下一步該做什么？

I don’t know what I should do next.【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：30分鐘）

一.選擇填空：

6.The man refused（拒絕）_____ back his words.A.to take

B.taking

C.took

D.takes

11.My father was too angry _________ a word.A.to say

B.not to say

C.to saying

D.didn’t say

12.My brother was old enough ________ to school.A.went

B.goes

C.going

D.to go

13.It is time ________ him ________ supper.A.of, to have

B.for, to have

C.of, having

D.for, to has

14.It’s very kind _______ you ______ me.A.of, to help

B.for, to help

C.of, help

D.of, helping

15.It’s important _________ our classroom clean every day.A.kept

B.to keep

C.to give

D.keep

16.Before liberation（解放）they had no chance _______ to school.A.went

B.go

C.to go

D.to be gone

17.He said he had an important meeting ________.A.attend

B.would attend

C.attending

D.to attend

18.Please give me a piece of paper ________.A.to write

B.to write on

C.writing

D.to write it

19.I don’t know _______.A.what do

B.what will do

C.what to do

D.do what

20.Your radio needs ________.A.to be repaired

B.to repair

C.repaired

D.to repairing

21.My wish is ________ a teacher.A.becoming

B.to become

C.become

D.became

22.I want ________ him a letter now.A.to write

B.not write

C.write

D.wrote

23.It took us three days _________ the trees.A.plant

B.planted

C.to plant

D.plants

24.Why not ________ here _______ me?

A.to come, to see

B.come, to see

C.came, seeing

D.come, see

25.He wishes me ______ my best _________ hard at English.A.to do, to work

B.doing, working

C.to do, working

D.do, work

26.Please tell me ________ her.I have something _______ her.A.where to find, telling

B.where to find, to tell

C.where can find, to tell

D.where finding, telling

27.How happy they are ______ each other again!

A.to see

B.see

C.saw

D.being seen

28.They decided（決心）_______ a letter ______ their thanks.A.to write, expressing（表達(dá)）

B.writing, express

C.write, expressed

D.to write, to express

29.The officer ordered（命令）him _______ down _________ a rest.A.lying, have

B.to lie, to have

C.to lie, having

D.lie, had

30.The headmaster called on（號(hào)召）us ______ hard for our country.A.to work

B.worked

C.work

D.to working

【試題答案】一.11.A

12.D

13.B

14.A

15.B

16.C

17.D

18.B

19.C

20.A

21.B

22.A

23.C

24.B

25.A

26.B

27.A

28.D

29.B

30.A

三、初中定語(yǔ)從句的講解與練習(xí)

定語(yǔ)從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語(yǔ)，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。

關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等。18.1 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。關(guān)系

代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。

1）who, whom, that

這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是你想見(jiàn)的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語(yǔ)）

2)Whose 用來(lái)指人或物，(只用作定語(yǔ), 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）

3）which, that 它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等，例如：

關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。

1）when, where, why

關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用，例如：Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？

2）that代替關(guān)系副詞

that可以用于表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和“介詞+ which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在口語(yǔ)中that常被省略，例如：

His father died the year(that / when / in which)he was born.他父親在他出生那年逝世了。

用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞；而不及物動(dòng)詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.1.As far as...is concerned 至今...被認(rèn)為是...2.It goes without saying that...不用說(shuō)...(意思是：論述的內(nèi)容是顯而易見(jiàn)的）3.It can be said with certainty that...3.不用說(shuō)...；...是肯定的。4.As the proverb says 4.有句諺語(yǔ)是這樣說(shuō)的...;常言道...5.It has to be noticed that...5.必須引起注意的是...6.It`s generally recognized that...6.通常認(rèn)為...7.It`s likely that 7.很可能...8.It`s hardly that...8.hardly表否定，...不被經(jīng)常說(shuō)起；我們很少談到...It’s hardly too much to say that...8.hardly表否定，...不被經(jīng)常說(shuō)起；我們很少談到...What calls for special attention is that...9.需要引起特別注意的是...There’s no denying the fact that...10.事實(shí)不容否認(rèn)...Nothing is more important than the fact that...11.沒(méi)有比這更重要的是...what’s far more important is that...12.意思同上，更重要的是...As time goes by,.....隨著時(shí)間的流逝 There is no doubt that...毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)...As far as I'm concerned, I think....就我而言，我認(rèn)為...It is said that...據(jù)說(shuō)...Two heads are better than one.三個(gè)臭皮匠，頂個(gè)諸葛亮。It is...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)句

It is important for sb to do sth.there be句型

Compared with A, B is more...與A相比，B更...in my opinion 在我看來(lái)

It is high time that we did sth.是我們做..的時(shí)候了。Only in this way, can wei solve this problem properly.只有這樣我們才能妥善解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。sth is so...that...如此..以至于..not only...,but also...不僅...而且...To be honest

To tell the truth 老實(shí)說(shuō)來(lái) too..to 太..以至于不能..On one hand,..on the other hand,..一方面..另一方面...高考英語(yǔ)翻譯（Jan..30）中譯英常設(shè)考點(diǎn)

1、形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)it

2、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)

3、句型結(jié)構(gòu)

4、連詞

5、倒裝句型

6、動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

7、中英文化差異

8、各類從句

9、成語(yǔ)英譯 一：形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)it

1、It’s + adj.+ of/for sb.to do sth.Eg.It’s so careless of you to make so many spelling

mistakes in the English exam

2、It so happened that…

Eg.It so happened that I didn’t have any money on me.3、It’s reported/ believed/ estimated that…

It’s estimated that about 30 passengers were killed in the bus accident.4、在強(qiáng)調(diào)句it is + that 中

Eg.It’s because of his perseverance that led to his late success.5、在含有某些形容詞的句子中，如important，necessary，impossible, natural, common, strange等。

6、It’s likely that…

Eg.It’s likely that John won’t come though he has promised do.二：動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)

充分利用時(shí)間并不意味著從早到晚不停地看書。(make full use of time)Making full use of time doesn’t mean keeping on reading books from morning till night.三：句型結(jié)構(gòu)

很多人身體有疾病時(shí)才認(rèn)識(shí)到保持健康的重要性。(not…until)Many people are not aware of the importance of being healthy until they are ill.這部有關(guān)第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的歷史小說(shuō)引人入勝，我簡(jiǎn)直愛(ài)不釋手。(so…that)The historical novel about World War I is so attractive that I can’t bear to put it down.Practice

這個(gè)練習(xí)太難，沒(méi)幾個(gè)人能做對(duì)。（so…that）他下決心不再依賴父母，要靠自己用雙手謀生。（not…but）瑪麗把開(kāi)門的鑰匙丟了，只好在屋外等她媽媽。（do nothing but）她身體太弱，沒(méi)法從事這樣艱苦的工作。（too…to）與閱讀一樣，聽(tīng)力在語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中也起著重要作用。（as…as）人們普遍認(rèn)為，用腦越多，智力越活躍。（the more…the more）正是在這個(gè)小城里，他度過(guò)了幸福的童年。（It is … that…）他是鑒定書法的高手，自己也寫得一手好字。（not only…but also）過(guò)了若干年那個(gè)事件的真相才被揭示出來(lái)。（It…before…）

四：連詞

我們將作進(jìn)一步的討論，然后再作出最終結(jié)論。(before)We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion)六：動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

這張照片使我想起了我們?cè)谙牧顮I(yíng)里度過(guò)的日子。(remind)The photo reminds me of the days we spent in the summer camp.說(shuō)老實(shí)話，我真后悔沒(méi)能幫助他擺脫困境。(regret)To tell the truth, I really regret not being able to help him out of the trouble.眾所周知，成功來(lái)自勤奮，不努力則一事無(wú)成。

As we all know, success comes from hard work, without efforts nothing can be done.or It is known to all that success results from diligence;without efforts nothing can be achieved.他們應(yīng)從這件事中吸取教訓(xùn)，玩火者必自焚。

They should learn a lesson from this incident;he who plays with fire will surely get burnt.這個(gè)地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展很快，可是某些市民的素質(zhì)還不盡如人意。

Although the economy in this area is developing rapidly, the qualities of some citizens are still not satisfactory.當(dāng)時(shí)，那位出租車司機(jī)別無(wú)選擇，只能求助與游客。

At the time, the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the tourists/traveler(for help).許多外國(guó)游客都想去長(zhǎng)城一游，他們知道“不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢”。

Many foreign tourists want to visit the Great Wall.They know that” He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” 2003年：

雖然她孤身一人，無(wú)親無(wú)故，但鄰居們都向她伸出了援助之手。

Although she lives(alone)with no relatives or friends, all the/her neighboures offer her a helping hand/offer to help her.這個(gè)游戲的規(guī)則太復(fù)雜，三言兩語(yǔ)解釋不清。

The rules of the game are too completed to explain/be explained in a few words.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難與那些一貫固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)的人合作。

I find it is hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinion.只要我們齊心協(xié)力，就能很快解決這個(gè)技術(shù)難題。

So long as/As long as/If we work co-operatively/with combined efforts/joint efforts, we will be able to solve/work out the technical problems.soon.他進(jìn)公司后不久就開(kāi)始獨(dú)立完成了一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，同事們對(duì)他刮目相看。

（so）

He finished a difficult task on his own / independently soon / shortly after he entered the company, so his colleagues looked at him with new eyes / regarded him in a totally different light/ treated him with increased respect.每次我向她請(qǐng)教，她總是有求必應(yīng)。而且解釋得令我十分滿意。(satisfaction)Every time I ask her for advice, she is always ready to help, and explains to my full satisfaction.這小孩太調(diào)皮，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心煩意亂。(So…)So naughty is the child that he often upsets his parents who are busy with their work.九：復(fù)合句（各類從句）

我第一次寫英語(yǔ)作文時(shí)，犯了許多拼寫錯(cuò)誤。(make)（2002年上海）The first time I wrote the English composition, I made a lot of spelling mistakes.彼得每月留出一點(diǎn)錢以便在不久的將來(lái)購(gòu)買一輛新汽車。(set aside)（1998上海高考）Peter sets aside some money every month so that he can buy a new car in the near future.這張照片讓我們想起了在夏令營(yíng)里度過(guò)的日子。(remind)（2000年上海）The picture reminds me of the days that were spent in the summer camp.不管天有多晚，他從不把今天的事拖到明天。(put off)（2002年上海）However late it is, he never puts off what should be done today till tomorrow.盡管遭受如此嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害，但只要不灰心，我們終會(huì)克服暫時(shí)的困難。(Although…)Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficulty as long as we don’t lose heart.

第五篇：動(dòng)詞不定式用法小結(jié)

動(dòng)詞不定式用法

動(dòng)詞不定式是一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“to＋動(dòng)詞原形”，其中to不是介詞，而是動(dòng)詞不定式的符號(hào)，稱為小品詞，動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。動(dòng)詞不定式和其后面的名詞等構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)，在句子中可以用作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。

一.作主語(yǔ)

To be a doctor is hard.做醫(yī)生很難。

To learn English well is not easy.學(xué)好英語(yǔ)不容易。

動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了避免句子的頭重腳輕，可以用“it”作形式主語(yǔ)，而把真正的主語(yǔ)－－動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示為：

It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.再如：

It’s important to plant trees in spring.二.作表語(yǔ)：

動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）作表語(yǔ)常用于系詞be的后面。例：

His work is to drive a car.他的工作是開(kāi)車。

My job is to feed animals.我的工作是飼養(yǎng)動(dòng)物。

Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是當(dāng)醫(yī)生。

三.作賓語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）可以放在一些動(dòng)詞后面用作賓語(yǔ)，能以動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：

I want to tell you a story.我想給你講個(gè)故事。

They begin to work at eight every morning.他們每天早晨8點(diǎn)開(kāi)始工作。

Don’t forget to lock the door.別忘了鎖門。

Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 明天和我們一起去野餐好嗎？

*如果and連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式，第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式一般省“to”例：

（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我們一起去游泳。

（2）若作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）很長(zhǎng)，可用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。

I find it’s interesting to learn English with you.我覺(jué)得和你一起學(xué)英語(yǔ)很有趣。

He found it hard to catch up with others.他覺(jué)得趕上別人很困難。

四.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.老師讓我們?cè)绯孔x半小時(shí)英語(yǔ)。

The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.老師常告訴Jim不要花太多時(shí)間玩電腦游戲。

五.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常用來(lái)修飾名詞或不定代詞，放于所修飾的詞后，為后置定語(yǔ)。例：

Who was the first one to arrive? 誰(shuí)第一個(gè)到的？

She has no paper to write on? 她沒(méi)有紙寫字？

The best way to learn English is to use it.學(xué)英語(yǔ)最好的方法是使用它。

六.動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)：

動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)常用在go, come, hurry等不及物動(dòng)詞后，表目的。

He went to see his sister yesterday.他昨天去看妹妹了。

They got up early to catch the early bus.他們?cè)缙鹑ペs早班車。

有時(shí)可以把不定式（短語(yǔ)）提前，放于句首，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)目的。例：

To early English quickly and well, he went to England.為了更快更好地學(xué)英語(yǔ)，他去了英國(guó)。