第一篇：[翻譯長難句]-!!考研英語翻譯 -學(xué)科專業(yè)及相關(guān)詞匯總結(jié)

考驗(yàn)翻譯學(xué)習(xí)資料：學(xué)科、專業(yè)名稱中英文互譯及相關(guān)詞匯補(bǔ)充

哲學(xué) Philosophy 邏輯學(xué) Logic 倫理學(xué) Ethics 美學(xué) Aesthetics

宗教學(xué) Science of Religion

科學(xué)技術(shù)哲學(xué) Philosophy of Science and Technology

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) Economics 理論經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) Theoretical Economics 政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) Political Economy 經(jīng)濟(jì)思想史 History of Economic Thought 經(jīng)濟(jì)史 History of Economic 西方經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) Western Economics 世界經(jīng)濟(jì) World Economicss

國民經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) National Economics 區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) Regional Economics 計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) Quantitative Economics 應(yīng)用經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) Applied Economic 財(cái)政學(xué)（含稅收學(xué)）Public Finance(including Taxation)金融學(xué)（含保險(xiǎn)學(xué)）Finance(including Insurance)

統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué) Statistics(注意也可能為“統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)”)法學(xué) Law / Science of Law / Legal Science 法律史 Legal History

憲法學(xué)與行政法學(xué) Constitutional Law and Administrative Law 刑法學(xué) Criminal Jurisprudence 民商法學(xué)(含勞動(dòng)法學(xué)、社會(huì)保障法學(xué))Civil Law and Commercial Law(including Science of Labour Law and Science of Social Security Law)

訴訟法學(xué) Science of Procedure Law s 經(jīng)濟(jì)法學(xué) Science of Economic Law 國 際法 學(xué)(含 國際 公 法 學(xué)、國 際 私法 學(xué)、國際 經(jīng) 濟(jì)法 學(xué)、)International law(including International Public law, International Private Law and International Economic Law)軍事法學(xué) Science of Military Law

政治學(xué) Political Science 國際政治學(xué) International Politics 政治制度 Political Institution

外交學(xué) Diplomacy(注意 diplomatism 外交手段，外交手腕)國際關(guān)系學(xué) International Relations 社會(huì)學(xué) Sociology 人口學(xué) Demography 人類學(xué) Anthropology

教育學(xué) Education/ Education Science 教育學(xué)原理 Educational Principle 心理學(xué) Psychology 應(yīng)用心理學(xué) Applied Psychology 行為學(xué) behaviorism

文學(xué) Literature 語言學(xué) Linguistics 應(yīng)用語言學(xué) Applied Linguistics 新聞傳播學(xué) Journalism and Communication 電影學(xué) Film

歷史學(xué) History 專門史 History of Particular Subjects近現(xiàn)代史 Modern and Contemporary History 世界史 World History

考古學(xué) Archaeology 博物館學(xué) Museology

數(shù)學(xué) Mathematics 應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué) Applied Mathematics 概率論與數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì) Probability and Mathematical Statistics 運(yùn)籌學(xué)與控制論 Operational Research and Cybernetics 物理學(xué) Physics 理論物理 Theoretical Physics 粒子物理與原子核物理 Particle Physics and Nuclear Physics

原子與分子物理 Atomic and Molecular Physics 等離子體物理學(xué) Plasma Physics 凝聚態(tài)物理學(xué) Condensed Matter Physics 聲學(xué) Acoustics 光學(xué) Optics

化學(xué) Chemistry 無機(jī)化學(xué) Inorganic Chemistry 有機(jī)化學(xué) Organic Chemistry 天文學(xué) Astronomy 天體物理學(xué) Astrophysics 天體測量學(xué) Astrometry 地球物理學(xué) Geophysics

大氣科學(xué) Atmospheric Sciences 氣象學(xué) Meteorology

大氣物理學(xué)與大氣環(huán)境 Atmospheric Physics and Atmospheric Environment 海洋科學(xué) Marine Sciences(另：oceanology 海洋資源開發(fā)研究，海洋地理研究)地質(zhì)學(xué) Geology

構(gòu)造地質(zhì)學(xué) Structural Geology

生物學(xué) Biology 微生物學(xué) Microbiology 植物學(xué) Botany 動(dòng)物學(xué) Zoology 生理學(xué) Physiology 遺傳學(xué) Genetics

生物化學(xué)與分子生物學(xué) Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 生物物理學(xué) Biophysics 生態(tài)學(xué) Ecology

系統(tǒng)科學(xué) Systems Science 力學(xué) Mechanics

固體力學(xué) Solid Mechanics 流體力學(xué) Fluid Mechanics 理學(xué) Natural Science 工學(xué) Engineering 機(jī)械工程 Mechanical Engineering

機(jī)械制造及其自動(dòng)化 Mechanical Manufacture and Automation 測試計(jì)量技術(shù)及儀器 Measuring and Testing Technologies and Instruments 材料學(xué) Materialogy

材料加工工程 Materials Processing Engineering 電氣工程 Electrical Engineering

信息與通信工程 Information and Communication Engineering 計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)與技術(shù) Computer Science and Technology 計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用技術(shù) Computer Applied Technology

建筑學(xué) Architecture

城市規(guī)劃與設(shè)計(jì) Urban Planning and Design 水利工程 Hydraulic Engineering

礦業(yè)工程 Mineral Engineering 采礦工程 Mining Engineering 石油與天然氣工程 Oil and Natural Gas Engineering 油氣井工程 Oil-Gas Well Engineering

油氣田開發(fā)工程 Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering 交通運(yùn)輸工程 Communication and Transportation Engineering 航空宇航科學(xué)與技術(shù)

Aeronautical and Astronautical Science and Technology 核科學(xué)與技術(shù) Nuclear Science and Technology

核技術(shù)及應(yīng)用 Nuclear Technology and Applications

農(nóng)業(yè)工程 Agricultural Engineering 農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化工程 Agricultural Mechanization Engineering 獸醫(yī)學(xué) Veterinary Medicine 臨床獸醫(yī)學(xué) Clinical Veterinary Medicine 林學(xué) Forestry

水土保持 Soil and Water Conservation 荒漠化防治 Desertification Combating

醫(yī)學(xué) Medicine 基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué) Basic Medicine 臨床醫(yī)學(xué) Clinical Medicine 免疫學(xué) Immunology

內(nèi)科學(xué) Internal medicine 外科學(xué) Surgery 老年醫(yī)學(xué) Geriatrics

神經(jīng)病學(xué) Neurology 精神病學(xué) Psychiatry 護(hù)理學(xué) Nursing

康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)與理療學(xué) Rehabilitation Medicine & Physical Therapy 運(yùn)動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué) Sports Medicine 急診醫(yī)學(xué) Emergency Medicine 公共衛(wèi)生 Public Health

營養(yǎng)與食品衛(wèi)生學(xué) Nutrition and Food Hygiene

中醫(yī)學(xué) Chinese Medicine 方劑學(xué) Formulas of Chinese Medicine 藥學(xué) Pharmaceutical Science

管理學(xué) Management Science 工商管理學(xué) Science of Business Administration 會(huì)計(jì)學(xué) Accounting

情報(bào)學(xué) Information Science

通用前綴：

比較－ comparative 應(yīng)用－ applied 臨床－clinic 后－post

相關(guān)：

廣義 general 狹義 restricted/ special 辯證法 /辯證法的，辯證的 dialectic 悖論 paradox 謬論 fallacy

邊緣學(xué)科/交叉學(xué)科 interdisciplinary 跨學(xué)科 cross-disciplinary 實(shí)地研究/現(xiàn)場研究 field study 理論研究 theoretical study 文獻(xiàn)研究 literary study/research 評(píng)論 criticism 方法論 methodology 女權(quán)主義 feminism 現(xiàn)代主義 modernism 后現(xiàn)代主義 post-modernism

現(xiàn)實(shí)主義 realism 唯物主義 materialism 唯心主義 idealism（有時(shí)為理想主義）內(nèi)涵 connotation(文化內(nèi)蘊(yùn))/ intension 外延 denotation（字面意義）/extension 歸納 induction 演繹 deduction

humanism 人本主義，人文主義 humanitarianism 人道主義，博愛主義 relativism 相對(duì)主義(注意不等于物理學(xué)中的“相對(duì)論”！)這學(xué)名詞

A theory that conceptions of truth and moral values are not absolute but are relative to the persons or groups holding them.相對(duì)主義：認(rèn)為真理的概念及道德價(jià)值不是絕對(duì)的而是相對(duì)于持有它們的人或集團(tuán)的理論 relativity 相對(duì)論（物理學(xué)名詞）Encyclopedia 百科全書

Renaissance 文藝復(fù)興（時(shí)期的）

各種學(xué)位名稱

B.A.or BA 文學(xué)士（Bachelor of Arts）B.S.or BS 理學(xué)士（Bachelor of Science）M.A.or MA 文科碩士（Master of Arts）M.S.or MS 理科碩士（Master of Science）M.B.A.工商管理碩士（Master of Business Administration）Ph.D 哲學(xué)博士（Doctor of Philosophy）（注意并非所有的博士都是 Ph.D）D.S.理學(xué)博士（Doctor of Science）M.D.醫(yī)學(xué)博士（Doctor of Medicine）Eng.D 工學(xué)博士（Doctor of Engineering）

第二篇：2018考研英語長難句翻譯講解

2018考研英語長難句翻譯講解（2）

長短句是考研英語的一大重難點(diǎn)，打好長短句翻譯基礎(chǔ)，將會(huì)給我們的翻譯和作文帶來巨大的幫助。

1.That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court's decisions will be accepted as impartial judgements.【分析】復(fù)合句，主句為 That kind of activity makes it less likely, it 是形式賓語，真正的賓語是 that 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。

【譯文】這類行為使得法院的裁定被認(rèn)為是公正判決的可能性有所下降。2.Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social concepts like liberty and property.【分析】復(fù)合句。主句為 Constitutional law is political。because 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句;其中分詞短語rooted in...作定語修飾 choices, 介詞短語 like liberty and property 修飾 concepts。

【譯文】憲法是由植根于自由和所有權(quán)等基本社會(huì)觀念的選擇造成的，因此它是政治性的。

3.Those forced to exercises their smiling muscles reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, suggesting that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.【分析】復(fù)合句。主句為 Those...reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons，過去分詞短語forced to...作后置定語修飾 those。than 引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句，該從句中的主語 those 由定語從句修飾，因其較長，謂語又因與主句重復(fù)而省略為 did，所以用倒裝語序。suggesting...為現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作結(jié)果狀語，其中包含 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。

【譯文】那些用牙齒咬著筆，表現(xiàn)出笑容的人比那些用嘴唇叼著筆、表現(xiàn)出沮喪神情的人在看搞笑的動(dòng)畫片時(shí)所作出的反應(yīng)更豐富。這就證明了表情能夠影響情緒，而不是情緒影響表情。

【拓展】1)contract 作名詞時(shí)意為“契約，合同;婚約”;作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為“締結(jié)，訂契約;染上(惡習(xí)，疾病等);(使)收縮，(使)緊縮”。2)frown“皺眉，蹙眉”，既是動(dòng)詞也是名詞。

4.An awareness that they were being experimented upon seemed to be enough to alter workers's behavior by itself.【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為。An awareness...seemed to be enough to alter...。that 引導(dǎo)同位語從句補(bǔ)充說明awareness，其中 they 指代后面的 workers。Be enough to do “足以...”。

【譯文】只要意識(shí)到她們?cè)诮邮軐?shí)驗(yàn)，這一意識(shí)本身似乎就足以改變工人們的行為。

第三篇：考研英語長難句翻譯：經(jīng)典一百句

1.The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[參考譯文]美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)是以基本的私有企業(yè)和市場導(dǎo)向經(jīng)濟(jì)為架構(gòu)的，在這種經(jīng)濟(jì)中，消費(fèi)者很大程度上通過在市場上為那些他們最想要的貨品和服務(wù)付費(fèi)來決定什么應(yīng)該被制造出來。

2.Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.[參考譯文]因此，在美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中，個(gè)體消費(fèi)者的需求與商人試圖最大化其利潤的欲望和個(gè)人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相結(jié)合，一起決定了什么應(yīng)該被制造，以及資源如何被用來制造它們。

3.If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.[參考譯文]另一方面，如果大量制造某種商品導(dǎo)致其成本下降，那么這就有可能增加賣方和制造商能提供的供給，而這也就會(huì)反過來降低價(jià)格并允許更多的消 費(fèi)者購買產(chǎn)品。

4.In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.[參考譯文]在美國經(jīng)濟(jì)中，私有財(cái)產(chǎn)的概念不僅包含對(duì)生產(chǎn)資源的所有權(quán)，也指其他一些特定的權(quán)利，如確定一個(gè)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格和與另一個(gè)私人個(gè)體(經(jīng)濟(jì)單位)自由簽定合同的權(quán)利。

5.At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly.And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.[參考譯文]同時(shí)這些計(jì)算機(jī)記錄下哪些時(shí)間是最忙的，哪些員工工作效率最高，這樣就能相應(yīng)地做出人員人事安排。而且它們(計(jì)算機(jī))也能為促銷活動(dòng)找到那些擁有優(yōu)先權(quán)的顧客。

6.Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.[參考譯文]不計(jì)其數(shù)的其他商業(yè)企業(yè)，從劇院到雜志出版商，從公用燃?xì)怆娏υO(shè)施到牛奶處理廠，都通過計(jì)算機(jī)的使用給消費(fèi)者帶來更好、更有效率的服務(wù)。

7.Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.[參考譯文]殘疾兒童在許多關(guān)鍵方面都與其同齡人不同。為了讓這些孩子發(fā)展其全部的成人后的潛能，他們的教育必須適應(yīng)這些不同。

8.The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.[參考譯文]在過去的30年中，公共教育中顯示的對(duì)殘疾兒童的巨大關(guān)注表明了我們社會(huì)中的一種中強(qiáng)烈的情緒，那就是所有的公民，不管其情況有多特殊，都應(yīng)享有充分發(fā)展其能力的機(jī)會(huì)。

9.It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing

a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices.[參考譯文]它(廣告)能夠直接幫助貨物以比較合理的價(jià)格被迅速分銷出去，因此可以(使公司)建立一個(gè)堅(jiān)固的國內(nèi)市場，同時(shí)也使以具有競爭力的價(jià)格提供出口變得可能。

10.Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements.[參考譯文]除去議會(huì)有27件法案來規(guī)范廣告的條件，沒有任何一個(gè)正式的廣告商敢于推銷一種商品卻不能兌現(xiàn)其在廣告中的承諾。

11.If its message were confined merely to information and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is subtly persuasive-advertising wound be so boring that no one wound pay any attention.[參考譯文]如果其信息只被局限于告知一一就廣告而言，如果這不是完全不可能達(dá)到的，也是非常難做的，因?yàn)榧幢闶且粋€(gè)諸如襯衫的顏色的選擇這樣的細(xì)節(jié)都會(huì)具有微妙的說服意味，那么廣告就會(huì)如此地乏味以至于沒有人 會(huì)關(guān)注它。

12.The workers who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for there efforts.[參考譯文]得到了升遷的工人們，成績進(jìn)步的學(xué)生，學(xué)會(huì)了一門新語言的外國人一 一這些都是那些有可衡量的結(jié)果宋顯示其努力的人們的例證。

13.As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.[參考譯文]隨著家庭離開他們?cè)瓉矸€(wěn)定的社區(qū)，離開他們多年的朋友和擴(kuò)展的家庭關(guān)系，非正式的信息流動(dòng)被切斷了，隨之而去的是對(duì)在需要時(shí)能獲得可靠和值得信賴的信息的信心。

14.The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time--consuming, and sometimes even overwhelming.[參考譯文]現(xiàn)在每個(gè)人能夠得到的信息比任何時(shí)代的人都多，而找到與他／她的特定問題相關(guān)的那一點(diǎn)信息的任務(wù)不僅復(fù)雜、耗時(shí)，有時(shí)甚至令人難以招。

15.Expertise can be shared world wide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site.[參考譯文]通過遠(yuǎn)程會(huì)議，專家知識(shí)可以在全世界范圍內(nèi)被分享，而爭論的問題能夠得到解決，同時(shí)相關(guān)人員也不必離開他們的家庭或工作跑到一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的開會(huì)地點(diǎn)。

16.The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B type fellows.[參考譯文]現(xiàn)在這種讓孩子們和其同學(xué)或時(shí)間競爭的熱情導(dǎo)致了一個(gè)雙層結(jié)構(gòu)，在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)里面善于競爭的A類好像在某個(gè)方面要比他們B類的同輩更勝一籌。

17.While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.[參考譯文]在跟你談話的時(shí)候，可能成為你的雇主的人就一直在衡量你的教育、經(jīng) 驗(yàn)和其他資格是不是值得他雇用你，而你的“商品”和能力一定要以一種有條不紊而且合情合理的相

互關(guān)聯(lián)的方式被展示出來。

18.The Corporation will survive as a publicly funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programs are now the subject of a nation wide debate in Britain.[參考譯文]英國廣播公司將作為一個(gè)公共基金支持的廣播組織存在下來，至少目前會(huì)這樣，但是它的角色、它的規(guī)模和它的節(jié)目現(xiàn)在在英國成了全國上下的討論話題。

19.The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC--including ordinary listeners and viewer to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping.[參考譯文]這場辯論是由政府發(fā)動(dòng)的，政府請(qǐng)任何一個(gè)對(duì)英國廣播公司有意見的人一包括普通的聽眾和觀眾一來說說這個(gè)公司好在哪里或壞在哪里，甚至要說說他們是否認(rèn)為這個(gè)公司值得被保留下來。

20.The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large profess signal element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.[參考譯文]這種變化通過引入許多的專業(yè)因素從而適應(yīng)了這個(gè)新時(shí)代的技術(shù)要求，并且它(這種變化)防止了效率的降低。這種效率的降低在精力充沛的創(chuàng)業(yè)者之后的第二代和第三代人(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)公司)的時(shí)候，經(jīng)常會(huì)毀掉那些家族公司的財(cái)富。

21.Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners: and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.[參考譯文]這樣巨大而非個(gè)人的對(duì)資金和產(chǎn)業(yè)的操縱極大地增加了股東的數(shù)量和他 們作為一個(gè)階級(jí)的重要性，這是國家生活中代表不負(fù)責(zé)任的財(cái)富的一個(gè)因素，這種財(cái)富不但遠(yuǎn)離了土地和土地?fù)碛姓叩呢?zé)任，而且?guī)缀跬瑯优c公司的負(fù)責(zé)任的管理毫無關(guān)系。

22.Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management.[參考譯文]像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本這樣的城鎮(zhèn)的涌現(xiàn)是為了給那些數(shù)量很多的“舒 適”階級(jí)提供居住場所。這些人依賴于其豐厚收入而不工作，他們除了 分紅和偶爾參加一下股東大會(huì)，向管理層口授一下自己的命令之外，跟社會(huì)的其他階層毫無瓜葛。

23.The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.[參考譯文]這樣的“股東”對(duì)他擁有股份的公司所雇用的工人們的生活、思想和需求一無所知，而且他們對(duì)勞資雙方的關(guān)系都不會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極的影響。

24.The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.[參考譯文]代表公司的花錢雇來的經(jīng)理與工人及其需求的關(guān)系更加直接，但是就連 他對(duì)工人們也沒有那種熟識(shí)的私人之間的了解。而在現(xiàn)在正在消失的古老家族公司的那種更加家長式的制度下的雇主們卻常常對(duì)他們的工人有 這樣的私人關(guān)系。

25.Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country's excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology； the practice of giving premiums to inventors;and above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological.[參考譯文]在許多形成因素當(dāng)中，我將挑選出這些：這個(gè)國家優(yōu)秀的小學(xué)教育：歡 迎新技術(shù)的勞動(dòng)者們：獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)發(fā)明者的做法；而且最重要的是美國人在對(duì) 那些技術(shù)性事物的非言語的、“空間性的”思考方面的天賦。

26.As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, “A technologist thinks about objects that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process...The designer and the inventor.., are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist”.[參考譯文]正如尤金?弗格森所指出的那樣：“一個(gè)技術(shù)專家思考那些不能被簡化成 能被清楚的語言描述的東西。這些東西在他的思維中是通過一種視覺的、非語言表述的過程宋處理的……設(shè)計(jì)者和發(fā)明者……能夠在他們的腦中裝配并操作那些還不存在的裝置?！?/p>

27.Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheel, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea”.[參考譯文]羅伯特?法歐特曾經(jīng)這樣寫到：“一個(gè)技師會(huì)坐在杠桿、螺絲釘、楔子、輪子等等當(dāng)中，就像一個(gè)詩人沉浸在字母表的字母中，把這些字母看成自己思想的展示，在這樣的展示中，每種新的次序安排都傳達(dá)了--種新 的思想。”

28.In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating.He describes their programs and, tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise.[參考譯文]在最后三章中，他脫下手套，將神造論者好好地揍了一頓。他描述了他 們的活動(dòng)和戰(zhàn)術(shù)，而且，對(duì)于那些對(duì)神造論者的做事方式刁；熟悉的人來說，神造論者的欺騙和扭曲事實(shí)的程度可能會(huì)令這些人有一種不快的詫異。

29.On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: “This book stands for reason itself.” And so it does-and all wound be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.[參考譯文]在這本杰出的書的外紙封面上，史蒂芬?杰伊?古爾德寫道：“這本書本 身就代表理性?！倍_實(shí)是這樣的--而且如果理性成為神造論／地化論之間的辯論中的惟一評(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的話，一切就都好辦了。

30.After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.[參考譯文]經(jīng)過了六個(gè)月的爭論以及最后16個(gè)小時(shí)激烈的議會(huì)辯論，澳大利亞北 部地區(qū)成了世界上第一個(gè)允許醫(yī)生終止希望死去的絕癥病人生命的立法當(dāng)局。

31.Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage.But the tide is unlikely to turn back.[參考譯文]一些機(jī)構(gòu)終于松了一口氣，但是其他一些機(jī)構(gòu)，包括教堂，倡導(dǎo)生命之 權(quán)的團(tuán)體和澳大利亞醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)，尖銳地抨擊這個(gè)法案，指責(zé)法案的通過過于匆忙。但是大勢已定，不可逆轉(zhuǎn)。

32.In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community

attitudes have all played their partother states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.[參考譯文]在澳大利亞--人口老齡化，延長壽命的技術(shù)和變化看的社會(huì)態(tài)度，這 些因素都在發(fā)揮作用一一其他的州也會(huì)考慮制定相似的關(guān)于安樂死的法律。

第四篇：課本長難句翻譯

高中英語必修1-5模塊 課文長難句翻譯與分析

翻譯句子，分析句子主干，并找出固定句式。

1.I couldn't live this lifestyle without a good wife._______________________________________________________________。

2.It takes me less than 15 minutes to wash, get changed , have breakfast, leave home and get on a bus._____________________________________________________________________________。

3.When I get home at about ten, I look at some documents that I bring back from the office so that I can be ready for the next day’s work.__________________________________________________________________________________ 4.That is what people call the underground in London.__________________________________________________。5.It’s so crowded that I can’t find anywhere to sit.______________________________________________________。6.I spend all morning checking numbers._______________________________________________________。

7.We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city and go walking where there are no shops, crowds or the tube.__________________________________________________________________________________ 8.Unfortunately, my wife isn’t as fond of them as I am.___________________________________________________。

9.Yang, who was a pilot in the army ,was chosen from 1,500 other army pilots and started training for his space flight in 1998.___________________________________________________________________________________ 10.Yang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations , expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.__________________________________________________________________________________ 11.As Yang Liwei returned into the earth’s atmosphere, helicopters were flying to where he would land ready to collect him.__________________________________________________________________________________ 12.I thought 21 hours was too short to stay in space._________________________________________________________________________。

13.In a recent interview, Venus spoke about the time when she and Serena were practicing tennis and they had to run and hide as bullets started flying through the air.__________________________________________________________________________________ 14.The first time Venus played in a big event was in 1996.____________________________________________________________。

15.This not only drew public attention to research into back injures but also encouraged a lot of people living with all kinds of problems.__________________________________________________________________________________ 16.This is how I got involved with my charity work to improve the quality of life for all disabled people.___________________________________________________________________________。17.I’m far too busy with living to think of giving up.___________________________________________________________________________。18.The five men and two women crew, which included the first Indian-born woman in space as well as Israel’s first astronaut ,all died.__________________________________________________________________________________ 19.On this day, the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.______________________________________________________________。20.The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.________________________________________________________________________。21.A long silk ribbon that links the crowns is a symbol of a long and happy life for the couple.___________________________________________________________________________。

22.My sister, Alison and I sat down in front of the fire and wrote a letter to Father Christmas telling him about the presents we wanted.__________________________________________________________________________________ 23.At the bottom of the bed was the stocking, now all kinds of small presents and sweets.___________________________________________________________________________。

24.After lunch, the adults slept on the sofas in front of the Queen’s speech on television while we all played cards.____________________________________________________________________。25.Over 2000 years ago, people known as the Celts lived in Northern Europe.______________________________________________________________________________。

26.During this time, they offered crops and dead animals to thank the god and danced in costumes made from animal heads and skin.__________________________________________________________________________________ 27.It was believed that any village that did not give food would have bad luck._____________________________________________________________________________。

28.In these countries children wear spooky（幽靈般的）costumes and go from door to door saying “Trick or treat!” and they are given sweets to take home._________________________________________________________________________________ 29.In the future, terrorists may “attack”the world’s computers,cause chaos,and make planes and trains crash.30.Users can buy books ,find out about holiday offers, book tickets,and get all sorts of information from the internet.31.We will get entertainment from the Net and that television will probably disappear。

32.We will work in virtual offices ,shop in virtual supermarkets ,and we will even study in virtual schools.33.It is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the internet.34.It depends on the weather.If it’s good,Dad,Mum and I will probably go camping.But we won’t go ig it rains.If I stay home, I’ll help you with your project if you like.35.If we had virtual reality holidays, we wouldn’t have any problems with the weather.36.It is also the most exciting city in New zealand with people of many different cultures living there.37.It is easy to travel between Auckland and the rest of New zealand.38.New Zealanders, who are also known as “Kiwis”, are relaxed people who love outdoor life.39.It is not surprising that New Zealand is successful at many sports.40.Her most famous album Jagged Little Pill ,came out in 1995 when she was only twenty-one years old.41.There was not an empty seat anywhere in the concert hall at last Thursday’ event ,although it was an extremely cold night.42.The first part of the song was filled with anger, while the last part expressed love and joy.43.He also feels that playing Chinese folk on the piano can help bring it to the rest of the world.44.His mother couldn’t buy him a piano until he was seven.45.He was made to practice the piano so much that, at times , he thought about giving up.46.This is why he went back to his roots and rediscovered the beauty in Chinese folk music.47.To emphasise the woman even more, Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress, and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.48.A young farmer who wanted a wife would look at a young woman’s paper cutting skills before marrying her.49.People to whom the dead person was related would make these offerings on special days and during festivals.50.The house on Mango Street is ours, and we don’t have to pay rent to anybody, or share the yard with the people downstairs, or be careful not to make too much noise, and worried about the landlord being angry.51.They always told us that one day we would move into a house, areal house that would be ours so we wouldn't have to move each year.52.This was the house Papa talked about when he dreamed of being rich and this is the house Mama dreamed up in the stories she told us before we went to bed.53.According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway, Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder , for which he got into trouble.54.Eric set sail once again, this time with 25 ships, of which only 14 made it to Greenland.55.Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric,but he was blown off course, and found himself in an unknown land, from where he eventually reached Greenland.56.Leif followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of present –day Canada.57.They spend half their time dreaming up ways of getting rich, and the rest of their time thinking about all the enjoyable things they would do once they got rich.58.He was tired of being a person who had everything in a world where many people had nothing.59.Widespread poverty in Africa means that many people there cannot get the water, clothing, housing, electricity or education they need.60.London’s name had been announced twice before, in 1908 and 1948, so it now has the distinction of being the first city to host the event three times.61.Modern advertisements must stand out in a world full of competition by combining the height standards of design with ideas linked to the products to make them more attractive.62.The top advertisers of today believe that using humor as well as new and unusual ideas to surprising people is important in modern advertisements.63.There are public advertisements which encourage citizens to participate in improving their neighborhood, protecting the environment ,and helping other people.64.Even if they never see their results, they feel that their IQ is what determines how well they are going to do in life.65.They usually believe that those students have a higher IQ and that there is nothing they can do to change facts.66.At work, it is IQ that gets you hired but it is EQ that gets you promoted.67.Supported by his academic research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone’s future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ.68.Have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class , who you think deserve good grades , sometimes end up failing exams?

69.This association can exist, but it is just as possible for someone with a low IQ to have a high EQ or someone with a high IQ to have a low EQ.70.And the fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving the education they really need, and know that their futures are not entirely determined by their IQs.71.I was getting more and more annoyed and of course, the more upset I got, the less I was able to concentrate, the last straw was when I heard someone singing behind me.72.It was only when I got home two hours later that I realized I’d forgotton it and there was nothing I can do as the library was closed.

第五篇：2018考研英語長難句翻譯技巧：分句法

凱程考研，為學(xué)員服務(wù)，為學(xué)生引路！

2018考研英語長難句翻譯技巧：分句法

長難句是考研英語翻譯和閱讀中常見的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)，是考生必須要攻克的壁壘之一。攻克長難句的指導(dǎo)思想就是拆分解讀，需要考生配合相應(yīng)的一些技巧，本文中要分享的就是長難句翻譯的分句法，大家理解學(xué)習(xí)。

2018考研英語長難句翻譯技巧：分句法

分句法，有時(shí)英語長句中主語或主句與修飾詞的關(guān)系并不十分密切，翻譯時(shí)可以按照漢語多用短句的習(xí)慣，把長句的從句或短語化成句子，分開來敘述，為了使語意連貫，有時(shí)需要適當(dāng)增加詞語。例如：

例 1.The number of the young people in the United States who can`t read is incredible about one in four.上句在英語中是一個(gè)相對(duì)簡單的句子，但是如果我們按照原文的句子結(jié)構(gòu)死譯，就可能被翻譯成：

沒有閱讀能力的美國青年人的數(shù)目令人難以相信約為 1/4。這樣，就使得譯文極為不通順，不符合漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，因此，我們應(yīng)該把它譯為：大約有 1/4 的美國青年人沒有閱讀能力，這簡直令人難以置信。

例 2.Television,it is often said,keeps one informed about current events,allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics,and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive and entertaining.(85 年考題)

分析：在此長句中，有一個(gè)插入語“it is often said”，三個(gè)并列的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，還有一個(gè)定語從句，這三個(gè)并列的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)盡管在結(jié)構(gòu)上同屬于同一個(gè)句子，但都有獨(dú)立的意義，因此在翻譯時(shí)，可以采用分句法，按照漢語的習(xí)慣把整個(gè)句子分解成幾個(gè)獨(dú)立的分句，結(jié)果為：人們常說，通過電視可以了解時(shí)事，掌握科學(xué)和政治的最新動(dòng)態(tài)。從電視里還可以看到層出不窮、既有教育意義又有娛樂性的新節(jié)目。

下面我們?cè)倥e一個(gè)例子：

例 3.All they have to do is press a button,and they can see plays,films,operas,and shows of every kind,not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.(85 年考題)

他們所必須做的只是按一下開關(guān)。開關(guān)一開，就可以看到電視劇、電影、歌劇，以及

其他各種各樣的文藝節(jié)目。至于政治問題的辯論、最近的激動(dòng)人心的足球賽更是不在話下。

頁 共 1 頁

凱程考研，為學(xué)員服務(wù)，為學(xué)生引路！

例 4.Although perhaps only 1 per cent of the life that has started somewhere will develop into highly complex and intelligent patterns，so vast is the number of planets that intelligent life is bound to be a natural part of the universe.雖然在某處已經(jīng)開始的生命中可能僅有百分之一會(huì)發(fā)展成高度復(fù)雜、有智慧的型式，但是行星的數(shù)目如此之多，以致有智慧的生命一定是宇宙的一個(gè)天然組成部分。

長難句是考研英語翻譯和閱讀中常見的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)，是考生必須要攻克的壁壘之一。攻克長難句的指導(dǎo)思想就是拆分解讀，需要考生配合相應(yīng)的一些技巧，凱程網(wǎng)考研頻道本文中要分享的就是長難句翻譯的分句法，大家理解學(xué)習(xí)。

2017考研英語長難句翻譯技巧：分句法

分句法，有時(shí)英語長句中主語或主句與修飾詞的關(guān)系并不十分密切，翻譯時(shí)可以按照漢語多用短句的習(xí)慣，把長句的從句或短語化成句子，分開來敘述，為了使語意連貫，有時(shí)需要適當(dāng)增加詞語。例如：

例 1.The number of the young people in the United States who can`t read is incredible about one in four.上句在英語中是一個(gè)相對(duì)簡單的句子，但是如果我們按照原文的句子結(jié)構(gòu)死譯，就可能被翻譯成：

沒有閱讀能力的美國青年人的數(shù)目令人難以相信約為 1/4。這樣，就使得譯文極為不通順，不符合漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，因此，我們應(yīng)該把它譯為：大約有 1/4 的美國青年人沒有閱讀能力，這簡直令人難以置信。

例 2.Television,it is often said,keeps one informed about current events,allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics,and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive and entertaining.(85 年考題)

分析：在此長句中，有一個(gè)插入語“it is often said”，三個(gè)并列的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，還有一個(gè)定語從句，這三個(gè)并列的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)盡管在結(jié)構(gòu)上同屬于同一個(gè)句子，但都有獨(dú)立的意義，因此在翻譯時(shí)，可以采用分句法，按照漢語的習(xí)慣把整個(gè)句子分解成幾個(gè)獨(dú)立的分句，結(jié)果為：人們常說，通過電視可以了解時(shí)事，掌握科學(xué)和政治的最新動(dòng)態(tài)。從電視里還可以看到層出不窮、既有教育意義又有娛樂性的新節(jié)目。

下面我們?cè)倥e一個(gè)例子：

例 3.All they have to do is press a button,and they can see plays,films,operas,and shows of every kind,not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.(85 年考題)2 頁 共 2 頁

凱程考研，為學(xué)員服務(wù)，為學(xué)生引路！

他們所必須做的只是按一下開關(guān)。開關(guān)一開，就可以看到電視劇、電影、歌劇，以及

其他各種各樣的文藝節(jié)目。至于政治問題的辯論、最近的激動(dòng)人心的足球賽更是不在話下。

例 4.Although perhaps only 1 per cent of the life that has started somewhere will develop into highly complex and intelligent patterns，so vast is the number of planets that intelligent life is bound to be a natural part of the universe.雖然在某處已經(jīng)開始的生命中可能僅有百分之一會(huì)發(fā)展成高度復(fù)雜、有智慧的型式，但是行星的數(shù)目如此之多，以致有智慧的生命一定是宇宙的一個(gè)天然組成部分。

其實(shí)看看凱程考研怎么樣，最簡單的一個(gè)辦法，看看他們有沒有成功的學(xué)生，最直觀的辦法是到凱程網(wǎng)站，上面有大量學(xué)員經(jīng)驗(yàn)談視頻，這些都是凱程扎扎實(shí)實(shí)的輔導(dǎo)案例，其他機(jī)構(gòu)網(wǎng)站幾乎沒有考上學(xué)生的視頻，這就是凱程和其他機(jī)構(gòu)的優(yōu)勢，凱程是扎實(shí)輔導(dǎo)、嚴(yán)格管理、規(guī)范教學(xué)取得如此優(yōu)秀的成績。

辨別凱程和其他機(jī)構(gòu)誰靠譜的辦法。

凱程考研，為學(xué)員服務(wù)，為學(xué)生引路！

頁 共 4 頁