第一篇：【海文考研英語】：考研英語典型長難句及解析之二

【海文考研英語】：考研英語典型長難句及解析之二

The English Original: There were mists over the river and clouds on the mountain and the trucks splashed mud on the roads and the troops were muddy and wet in their capes;their rifles were wet and under their capes the two leather cartridge-boxes on the front of the belts, grey leather boxes heavy with the packs of clips of thin, long 6.5 mm cartridges, buldged forward under the capes so that the men, passing on the road, marched as though they were six months gone with child.譯文一：

河上罩霧，山間盤云，卡車在路上濺泥漿，士兵披肩淋濕，身上盡是爛泥；他們的來福槍也是 濕的，每人身前的皮帶上掛有兩個(gè)灰皮子彈盒，里面滿裝著一排排又長又窄的六點(diǎn)五毫米口徑 的子彈，在披肩下高高哦突出，當(dāng)他們在路上走過時(shí)，乍一看，好像是些懷孕六月的婦人。譯文二：

河上升起了霧，山上飄著云，載重卡車在大路上泥漿飛濺，士兵們滿身是泥，他們在斗篷里濕

漉漉的；他們的步槍也是濕的。在他們的斗篷下，兩個(gè)皮制的子彈盒掛在他們腰帶前面，灰色 的皮盒沉甸甸的，里面盡是一排排裝著細(xì)長的6.5 毫米子彈的子彈夾，在斗篷下面鼓了起來，士兵們經(jīng)過大路向前行進(jìn)，就像懷了六個(gè)月身孕似的。The English Original: The mountain that was beyond the valley and the hillside where the chestnut forest grew was captured and there were victories beyond the plain on the plateau to the south and we crossed the river in August and lived in a house in Gorizia that had a fountain and many thick shady trees in a walled garden and a wistaria vine purple on the side of the house.譯文一：

山谷后面那座高山和那個(gè)有栗樹林的山坡，已經(jīng)給拿了下來，而南邊平原外的高原上也打了勝

仗，于是我們八月渡河，駐扎在哥里察一幢房子里。這房屋有噴水池，有個(gè)砌有圍墻的花園，園中栽種了好多繁盛多蔭的樹木，屋子旁邊還有一棵紫藤，一片紫色。譯文二：

占領(lǐng)了峽谷那邊的那座山和栽著栗樹林子的那個(gè)山坡，在平原那邊在南面的平原上也打了勝仗，鉆石卡高級輔導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)——全程、全方位、系統(tǒng)化解決考研所有問題，成功率趨近100%于是八月里我們過了河，住在戈里齊亞的一所房子里，在四面圍墻的花園里有一個(gè)噴泉和許多

茂密陰翳的樹木，房子的一邊爬著紫藤，花開得紫英英的。The English Original: I practiced with it(pistol), holding below the target and trying to master the jerk of the ridiculous short barrel until I could hit within a yard of where I aimed at twenty paces and then the ridiculousness of carrying a pistol at all came over me and I soon forgot it and carried it flopping against the small of my back with no feeling at all except a vague sort of shame when I met English-speaking people.譯文一：

我練習(xí)了一個(gè)時(shí)期，盡量往靶子的下邊打，想盡方法克服短槍筒那種滑稽的顫跳，到了后來，終于能夠在二十步外打中離靶子一碼遠(yuǎn)的地方了，后來我常常感到佩帶手槍的荒唐滑稽，但不

久也就忘記了它，隨便吊在腰背上，一點(diǎn)感覺都沒有，除非是偶爾碰到講英語的人，才多少感

到有點(diǎn)兒不好意思。譯文二：

我用它練習(xí)打槍，把槍舉到靶子以下，竭力控制那可笑的短槍筒的震搖，直到我在二十步的距

離瞄準(zhǔn)而能命中一碼以內(nèi)的目標(biāo)，這才清除了佩帶一支手槍的那份荒唐可笑的心情。我很快忘 記了它，我?guī)е谖业难澈罂呐鲋鴧s沒有一絲感覺，除非碰到一個(gè)講英語的人才微微感到 有點(diǎn)害臊。

The English Original: Maybe she would pretend that I was her boy that was killed and we would go in the front door and the porter would take off his cap and I would stop at the concierge’s desk and ask for the key and she would stand by the elevator and then we would get in the elevator and it would go up very slowly clicking at all the floors and then our floor and the boy would open the door and stand there and she would step out and I would step out and we would walk down the hall and I would put the key in the door and open it and go in and then take down the telephone and ask them to send a bottle of Capri bianca in a silver bucket full of ice and you would hear the ice against the pail coming down the corridor and the boy would knock and I would say leave it outside the door please.譯文一：

也許她會把我當(dāng)做哪個(gè)陣亡的愛人，我們于是一同走進(jìn)旅館的前門，看門人連忙摘帽，我找掌

鉆石卡高級輔導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)——全程、全方位、系統(tǒng)化解決考研所有問題，成功率趨近100%柜的拿鑰匙，她則站在電梯邊等，隨后我們一同走進(jìn)電梯，電梯開得很慢，的的嗒嗒地過了一

層又一層，到了我們那一層時(shí)，小郎打開門，站在一邊，她走出去，我走出去，一同順著走廊

走，我拿鑰匙去開門，門開了，我們進(jìn)去，拿下電話機(jī)，吩咐他們送一瓶裝在放滿冰塊的銀桶

子里的卡普里白葡萄酒來，你聽得見走廊上有冰塊碰著提桶的響聲，小郎敲敲門，我就說請放 在門外。譯文二：

她也許會裝著我是她那個(gè)陣亡的男朋友。我們從正門進(jìn)去，侍者會向我們脫帽致禮，我會在服

務(wù)臺前停下，向服務(wù)臺女職員要房間鑰匙，她會侍立在電梯房，接著我們會走進(jìn)電梯，電梯升

得很慢經(jīng)過每一層都咔嗒一聲響，接著便到了我們那一層。侍役打開電梯門站在那兒，她會走

出電梯，我隨著走出電梯，我們就沿著過道走去。我把鑰匙插進(jìn)房門打開房門走進(jìn)去，接著便

拿起電話要他們送一瓶卡普里白葡萄酒來，要裝在放滿了冰的銀制的冰桶里，你會聽到冰塊碰

著桶子的聲音從走廊里傳來，侍者會敲門，我會說請擱在門外就行了。The English Original: I was always embarrassed by the words sacred, glorious, and sacrifice and the expression in vain.We had heard them, sometimes standing in the rain almost out of earshot, so that only the shouted words came through, and had read them, on proclamations that were slapped up by billposters over other proclamations, now for a long time, and I had seen nothing sacred, and the things that were glorious had no glory and the sacrifices were like the stockyards at Chicago if nothing was done with the meat except to bury it.譯文一：

我每逢聽到神圣、光榮、犧牲等字眼和徒勞這一說法，總覺得局促不安。這些字眼我們早已聽 過，有時(shí)還是站在雨中聽，站在聽覺達(dá)不到的地方聽，只聽到一些大聲喊出來的字眼；況且，我們也讀過這些字眼，從人們貼在層層舊公告上的新上讀到過。但是到了現(xiàn)在，我觀察了好

久，可沒看到什么神圣的事，而那些所謂光榮的事，并沒有什么光榮，而所謂犧牲，那就像芝

加哥的屠場，只不過這里屠宰好的肉不是裝進(jìn)罐頭，而是掩埋掉罷了。譯文二：

神圣的、光榮的和犧牲等等這些字眼，以及徒勞無益的豪言壯語常常使我困惑。我們聽到過這

些字眼，有時(shí)站在雨中，在耳朵幾乎聽不見的地方，以致傳來的只是那些大聲喊叫出來的字眼，我們也曾在張貼布告的人漫不經(jīng)心地一張疊一張地張貼的公告上讀到過這些字眼。如今經(jīng)過一

鉆石卡高級輔導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)——全程、全方位、系統(tǒng)化解決考研所有問題，成功率趨近100%段很長的時(shí)間，我沒有見到過任何神圣的東西，光榮的東西并不光榮，犧牲像芝加哥屠宰場的

牲畜圍場，要是肉無法處理只有把它埋掉了事。The English Original: That night at the hotel, in our room with the long empty hall outside and our shoes outside the door, a thick carpet on the floor of the room, outside the windows the rain falling and in the room light and pleasant and cheerful, then the light out and it exciting with smooth sheets and the bed comfortable, feeling that we had come home, feeling no longer alone, waking in the night to find the other one there, and not gone away;all other things were unreal.譯文一：

那天夜晚在旅館里，房間外邊是一條又長又空的走廊，門外邊放著我們的鞋子，房間里鋪著厚 厚的地毯，窗外下著雨，房間里則燈光明亮，快樂愉快，后來燈滅了，床單平滑，床鋪舒服，一片興奮，那時(shí)的心情，好比我們回了家，不再感覺孤獨(dú)，夜間醒來，愛人仍在，并沒有發(fā)覺

夢醒人去；除了這以外，一切事物都是不真實(shí)的。譯文二：

那天晚上在旅館，我們的房間外面是長長的空寂無人的過道，我們把鞋子放在門外，房間的地

板上鋪著一層厚厚的地毯，窗外雨下個(gè)不停，房間里明亮，舒適，歡快，隨著燈光熄滅，光滑 的床罩，舒適的床榻，使人心情激動(dòng)，感到我們已經(jīng)回到了家里，感到我們已不再孤單，半夜 醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)另一個(gè)人仍在身邊沒有離去；其他一切都已變得虛幻。譯文三：

那晚的旅館，那空蕩蕩的走廊，那放在門外的鞋子，那厚厚的地毯，那窗外的落雨，那開燈時(shí) 的歡欣和喜悅，那熄燈后體味滑滑的單子和舒適床鋪的那種興奮，那回家的感覺，那再也沒有

了的孤單，那夜里醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)愛人仍在而沒離去的溫馨!其他一切的一切都已不復(fù)存在了。__

第二篇：考研英語典型長難句及解析之二

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考研英語典型長難句及解析之二

1.This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的主干是This will be particularly true?。since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。此從句中又套嵌一個(gè)由關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾the high-energy American fashion。在定語從句中，that做主語，makes做謂語，it做形式賓語，不定式短語to combine few farmers with high yields則是真正的賓語（不定式短語內(nèi)部to combine是主干，few farmers是賓語，with high yields是狀語），possible做賓語補(bǔ)足語。this指代前句中提到的這種困境。energy pinch譯為“能源的匱乏”;in?fashion譯為“用?方法、方式”。

譯文：這種困境將是確定無疑的，因?yàn)槟茉吹膮T乏，高能量消耗這種美國耕種方式將很難在農(nóng)業(yè)中繼續(xù)下去，而這種耕種方式使投入少數(shù)農(nóng)民就可獲得高產(chǎn)成為可能。

2.Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison.結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的主干是we must be sure?。since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter。主句中又有that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison。此賓語從句中又套嵌一個(gè)由介詞with+which引導(dǎo)的定語從句with which we are comparing our subjects修飾先行詞the scale。scale在此處意為“尺度、衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。

譯文：既然對智力的評估相比較而言的，那么我們必須確保，在對我們的對象進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，我們所用的尺度能夠提供“有效的”或“公平的”比較。

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3.In general，the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted can be not well defined.結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是the tests work most effectively when?and least effectively when?。and連接兩個(gè)并列分句，每個(gè)并列分句中皆有一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句分別說明work most effectively和and（work）least effectively。第二個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句中還有一個(gè)主語從句what?predicted。the tests是主句的主語，work為動(dòng)詞做謂語。qualities在此處是可數(shù)名詞，不譯為“質(zhì)量”，而譯為“特征”。defined不能直譯為“被定義為”，而應(yīng)譯為主動(dòng)語態(tài)“界定”。

譯文：一般來說，當(dāng)所需要測定的特征能被精確界定時(shí)，測試最為有效;而當(dāng)所測定或預(yù)測的東西不能被明確界定時(shí)，測試效果最差。

4.For example，they do not compensate for gross social inequality，and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是they do not compensate?，and thus do not tell how?。and連接兩個(gè)并列分句，第二個(gè)并列分句中由how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句是一個(gè)帶有虛擬條件句的主從復(fù)合句，其中had he grown up?（=If he had grown up?）是省略了連詞if的非真實(shí)條件句。主句主語的they，在此代指上文提到的tests;able在句中作might have been的表語。underprivileged在此不能譯為“沒有特權(quán)的”，而譯為“沒有地位的”或“物質(zhì)條件差的”。

譯文：例如，測試并不能彌補(bǔ)明顯的社會不公;因此，它們不能說明一個(gè)物質(zhì)條件差的年輕人，如果在較好的環(huán)境中成長的話，會有多大才干。

5.It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset：it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans

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extend to other humans，or with no consideration at all.結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that?。冒號后的復(fù)合句是對冒號前部分作進(jìn)一步說明。復(fù)合句中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句中有either?or?引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)并列的介詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞be treated，其中第一個(gè)with介詞結(jié)構(gòu)中還有一個(gè)省略了關(guān)系代詞that或which的定語從句humans extend to other humans，修飾the consideration。it代指上文的觀點(diǎn)，即如果對人權(quán)沒有達(dá)成一致看法，而談?wù)搫?dòng)物的權(quán)利是徒勞的。介詞短語at the outset譯為“從一開始”。動(dòng)詞invites應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)譯為“使”、“讓”或“促使”。動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)extend consideration to意為“給予關(guān)懷或關(guān)心”，consideration不應(yīng)譯為“考慮”。

譯文：這種說法從一開始就將討論引向極端，它使人們認(rèn)為應(yīng)該這樣對待動(dòng)物:要么像對人類自身一樣關(guān)懷體諒，要么完全冷漠無情。

6.But even more important，it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past，for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是it was the farthest that?。但I(xiàn)t was?that?在本句中不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。it是指上句中所提到的150億年前形成的巨大云團(tuán)（a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light-years from earth）;that引導(dǎo)的應(yīng)是一個(gè)定語從句，修飾先行詞the farthest。for引導(dǎo)的是表示原因的分句，分句中還有that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾the patterns and structure。

譯文：但更重要的是，這是科學(xué)家們所能觀測到的有關(guān)過去的最為遙遠(yuǎn)的景象，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。

7.Thus it happened that when the new factories that were springing up required labor，tens of thousands of homeless and hungry agricultural workers，with their wives and children，were forced into the cities in search of work，and any work，under any condition，that would keep them alive.結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是it happened that?。it做形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句做真正的主語。主語從句中，又有一個(gè)由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間

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狀語從句，主句為tens of thousands of homeless and hungry agricultural workers?were forced?，時(shí)間狀語從句中從句主語the new factories又帶有一個(gè)定語從句that were springing up;that would keep them alive做work的定語從句。spring up意為“發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，建立”。譯文: 于是就出現(xiàn)了這樣的情況:正當(dāng)新辦的工廠紛紛建立，需要?jiǎng)趧?dòng)力的時(shí)候，成千上萬無家可歸、饑腸轆轆、以農(nóng)業(yè)為生的勞動(dòng)者攜家?guī)Э?，被迫進(jìn)入城市;他們要找活干，不管什么活兒，不論什么條件，只要不被餓死就行。

8.As a result of two or three centuries of scientific investigation we have come to believe that nature is understandable in the sense that when we ask her questions by way of appropriate observations and experiments，she will answer truly and reward us with discoveries that endure.結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是?we have come to believe that?。that引導(dǎo)的從句做believe的賓語從句;此從句中有一個(gè)that從句作the sense的同位語從句;同位語從句中又套嵌一個(gè)由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句;此時(shí)間狀語從句又套嵌一個(gè)定語從句that endure，修飾其先行詞discoveries。by way of意為“經(jīng)由，通過?方法”;reward sb.with意為“以?報(bào)答，酬勞”;endure此處應(yīng)譯為“持久，持續(xù)”,不要譯為“忍受，容忍”。

譯文:由于兩三個(gè)世紀(jì)以來的科學(xué)研究成果，我們逐漸相信，如果運(yùn)用合適的觀察和實(shí)驗(yàn)方法向大自然探究問題，她會真心實(shí)意地給我們答復(fù)，并且以永垂不朽的發(fā)現(xiàn)來報(bào)答我們。從這個(gè)意義上來說，大自然是可以認(rèn)識的。

9.These new observational capabilities would result in simply a mass of details were it not for the fact that theoretical understanding has reached the stage at which it is becoming possible to indicate the kind of measurements required for reliable weather forecasting.結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是These new observational capabilities would result in simply a mass of details?。后面緊跟省略了if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句were it not for the fact that?，即if it were not for the fact that?;that從句作the fact的同位語從句。此從句中又套嵌一個(gè)定語從句，修飾其先行詞the stage;required for reliable weather forecasting為過去分詞短語修飾the kind of measurements。simply譯為“只不過，僅僅”，004km.cn;免費(fèi)考研輔導(dǎo)視頻

樂考無憂，為您的考研之路保駕護(hù)航！

不應(yīng)譯為“簡單地”。

譯文：理論上的認(rèn)識已達(dá)到了這樣一個(gè)階段,即現(xiàn)在已能指出需要哪種測量方式才能可靠地預(yù)報(bào)天氣。如果做不到這一點(diǎn)，那么上述這些新的觀察能力只不過提供了一大堆細(xì)節(jié)而已。

10.The story of the discovery of what is now generally called the principle of Archimedes，namely that a solid body when immersed in a liquid loses a portion of its weight of the liquid it displaces，has many different versions，of which the following is one.結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子的框架是The story?has many different versions?。what is now generally called the principle of Archimedes為名詞性從句做介詞of的賓語。namely that a solid body?作the principle of Archimedes的同位語;when immersed in a liquid是省略了主語的過去分詞短語，句子補(bǔ)充完整為when the solid body is immersed in a liquid，修飾其主句a solid body loses a portion of its weight of the liquid?;it displaces是省略了關(guān)系代詞that的定語從句修飾the liquid，it代指前面提到的the solid body;同時(shí)，of which the following is one又構(gòu)成先行詞versions的定語從句。displace意為“排（水）”;version不譯為“版本”，此處指“根據(jù)個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的（對事件等的）說法，看法”;句尾的one代指a version。

譯文:當(dāng)固體浸沒到液體中時(shí)，固體會失去它所排出的液體的那部分重量，這就是現(xiàn)在通常所謂的阿基米德原理。有關(guān)這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的故事說法眾多，下面的故事就是其中之一。

004km.cn;免費(fèi)考研輔導(dǎo)視頻

第三篇：考研英語典型長難句及解析之二

考研英語典型長難句及解析之二

The English Original: There were mists over the river and clouds on the mountain and the trucks splashed mud on the roads and the troops were muddy and wet in their capes;their rifles were wet and under their capes the two leather cartridge-boxes on the front of the belts, grey leather boxes heavy with the packs of clips of thin, long 6.5 mm cartridges, buldged forward under the capes so that the men, passing on the road, marched as though they were six months gone with child.譯文一：

河上罩霧，山間盤云，卡車在路上濺泥漿，士兵披肩淋濕，身上盡是爛泥；他們的來福槍也是濕的，每人身前的皮帶上掛有兩個(gè)灰皮子彈盒，里面滿裝著一排排又長又窄的六點(diǎn)五毫米口徑的子彈，在披肩下高高哦突出，當(dāng)他們在路上走過時(shí)，乍一看，好像是些懷孕六月的婦人。

譯文二：

河上升起了霧，山上飄著云，載重卡車在大路上泥漿飛濺，士兵們滿身是泥，他們在斗篷里濕漉漉的；他們的步槍也是濕的。在他們的斗篷下，兩個(gè)皮制的子彈盒掛在他們腰帶前面，灰色的皮盒沉甸甸的，里面盡是一排排裝著細(xì)長的6.5毫米子彈的子彈夾，在斗篷下面鼓了起來，士兵們經(jīng)過大路向前行進(jìn)，就像懷了六個(gè)月身孕似的。

The English Original:

The mountain that was beyond the valley and the hillside where the chestnut forest grew was captured and there were victories beyond the plain on the plateau to the south and we crossed the river in August and lived in a house in Gorizia that had a fountain and many thick shady trees in a walled garden and a wistaria vine purple on the side of the house.譯文一：

山谷后面那座高山和那個(gè)有栗樹林的山坡，已經(jīng)給拿了下來，而南邊平原外的高原上也打了勝仗，于是我們八月渡河，駐扎在哥里察一幢房子里。這房屋有噴水池，有個(gè)砌有圍墻的花園，園中栽種了好多繁盛多蔭的樹木，屋子旁邊還有一棵紫藤，一片紫色。譯文二：

占領(lǐng)了峽谷那邊的那座山和栽著栗樹林子的那個(gè)山坡，在平原那邊在南面的平原上也打了勝仗，于是八月里我們過了河，住在戈里齊亞的一所房子里，在四面圍墻的花園里有一個(gè)噴泉和許多茂密陰翳的樹木，房子的一邊爬著紫藤，花開得紫英英的。

The English Original:

I practiced with it(pistol), holding below the target and trying to master the jerk of the ridiculous short barrel until I could hit within a yard of where I aimed at twenty paces and then the ridiculousness of carrying a pistol at all came over me and I soon forgot it and carried it flopping against the small of my back with no feeling at all except a vague sort of shame when I met English-speaking people.譯文一：

我練習(xí)了一個(gè)時(shí)期，盡量往靶子的下邊打，想盡方法克服短槍筒那種滑稽的顫跳，到了后來，終于能夠在二十步外打中離靶子一碼遠(yuǎn)的地方了，后來我常常感到佩帶手槍的荒唐滑稽，但不久也就忘記了它，隨便吊在腰背上，一點(diǎn)感覺都沒有，除非是偶爾碰到講英語的人，才多少感到有點(diǎn)兒不好意思。譯文二：

我用它練習(xí)打槍，把槍舉到靶子以下，竭力控制那可笑的短槍筒的震搖，直到我在二十步的距離瞄準(zhǔn)而能命中一碼以內(nèi)的目標(biāo)，這才清除了佩帶一支手槍的那份荒唐可笑的心情。我很快忘記了它，我?guī)е谖业难澈罂呐鲋鴧s沒有一絲感覺，除非碰到一個(gè)講英語的人才微微感到有點(diǎn)害臊。The English Original:

Maybe she would pretend that I was her boy that was killed and we would go in the front door and the porter would take off his cap and I would stop at the concierge’s desk and ask for the key and she would stand by the elevator and then we would get in the elevator and it would go up very slowly clicking at all the floors and then our floor and the boy would open the door and stand there and she would step out and I would step out and we would walk down the hall and I would put the key in the door and open it and go in and then take down the telephone and ask them to send a bottle of Capri bianca in a silver bucket full of ice and you would hear the ice against the pail coming down the corridor and the boy would knock and I would say leave it outside the door please.譯文一： 也許她會把我當(dāng)做哪個(gè)陣亡的愛人，我們于是一同走進(jìn)旅館的前門，看門人連忙摘帽，我找掌柜的拿鑰匙，她則站在電梯邊等，隨后我們一同走進(jìn)電梯，電梯開得很慢，的的嗒嗒地過了一層又一層，到了我們那一層時(shí)，小郎打開門，站在一邊，她走出去，我走出去，一同順著走廊走，我拿鑰匙去開門，門開了，我們進(jìn)去，拿下電話機(jī)，吩咐他們送一瓶裝在放滿冰塊的銀桶子里的卡普里白葡萄酒來，你聽得見走廊上有冰塊碰著提桶的響聲，小郎敲敲門，我就說請放在門外。譯文二：

她也許會裝著我是她那個(gè)陣亡的男朋友。我們從正門進(jìn)去，侍者會向我們脫帽致禮，我會在服務(wù)臺前停下，向服務(wù)臺女職員要房間鑰匙，她會侍立在電梯房，接著我們會走進(jìn)電梯，電梯升得很慢經(jīng)過每一層都咔嗒一聲響，接著便到了我們那一層。侍役打開電梯門站在那兒，她會走出電梯，我隨著走出電梯，我們就沿著過道走去。我把鑰匙插進(jìn)房門打開房門走進(jìn)去，接著便拿起電話要他們送一瓶卡普里白葡萄酒來，要裝在放滿了冰的銀制的冰桶里，你會聽到冰塊碰著桶子的聲音從走廊里傳來，侍者會敲門，我會說請擱在門外就行了。The English Original:

I was always embarrassed by the words sacred, glorious, and sacrifice and the expression in vain.We had heard them, sometimes standing in the rain almost out of earshot, so that only the shouted words came through, and had read them, on proclamations that were slapped up by billposters over other proclamations, now for a long time, and I had seen nothing sacred, and the things that were glorious had no glory and the sacrifices were like the stockyards at Chicago if nothing was done with the meat except to bury it.譯文一：

我每逢聽到神圣、光榮、犧牲等字眼和徒勞這一說法，總覺得局促不安。這些字眼我們早已聽過，有時(shí)還是站在雨中聽，站在聽覺達(dá)不到的地方聽，只聽到一些大聲喊出來的字眼；況且，我們也讀過這些字眼，從人們貼在層層舊公告上的新 上讀到過。但是到了現(xiàn)在，我觀察了好久，可沒看到什么神圣的事，而那些所謂光榮的事，并沒有什么光榮，而所謂犧牲，那就像芝加哥的屠場，只不過這里屠宰好的肉不是裝進(jìn)罐頭，而是掩埋掉罷了。譯文二：

神圣的、光榮的和犧牲等等這些字眼，以及徒勞無益的豪言壯語常常使我困惑。我們聽到過這些字眼，有時(shí)站在雨中，在耳朵幾乎聽不見的地方，以致傳來的只是那些大聲喊叫出來的字眼，我們也曾在張貼布告的人漫不經(jīng)心地一張疊一張地張貼的公告上讀到過這些字眼。如今經(jīng)過一段很長的時(shí)間，我沒有見到過任何神圣的東西，光榮的東西并不光榮，犧牲像芝加哥屠宰場的牲畜圍場，要是肉無法處理只有把它埋掉了事。

The English Original:

That night at the hotel, in our room with the long empty hall outside and our shoes outside the door, a thick carpet on the floor of the room, outside the windows the rain falling and in the room light and pleasant and cheerful, then the light out and it exciting with smooth sheets and the bed comfortable, feeling that we had come home, feeling no longer alone, waking in the night to find the other one there, and not gone away;all other things were unreal.譯文一：

那天夜晚在旅館里，房間外邊是一條又長又空的走廊，門外邊放著我們的鞋子，房間里鋪著厚厚的地毯，窗外下著雨，房間里則燈光明亮，快樂愉快，后來燈滅了，床單平滑，床鋪舒服，一片興奮，那時(shí)的心情，好比我們回了家，不再感覺孤獨(dú)，夜間醒來，愛人仍在，并沒有發(fā)覺夢醒人去；除了這以外，一切事物都是不真實(shí)的。

譯文二：

那天晚上在旅館，我們的房間外面是長長的空寂無人的過道，我們把鞋子放在門外，房間的地板上鋪著一層厚厚的地毯，窗外雨下個(gè)不停，房間里明亮，舒適，歡快，隨著燈光熄滅，光滑的床罩，舒適的床榻，使人心情激動(dòng)，感到我們已經(jīng)回到了家里，感到我們已不再孤單，半夜醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)另一個(gè)人仍在身邊沒有離去；其他一切都已變得虛幻。

譯文三：

那晚的旅館，那空蕩蕩的走廊，那放在門外的鞋子，那厚厚的地毯，那窗外的落雨，那開燈時(shí)的歡欣和喜悅，那熄燈后體味滑滑的單子和舒適床鋪的那種興奮，那回家的感覺，那再也沒有了的孤單，那夜里醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)愛人仍在而沒離去的溫馨!其他一切的一切都已不復(fù)存在了。

第四篇：【海文考研英語】：實(shí)例分析：考研英語長難句結(jié)構(gòu)分析技巧

【海文考研英語】：實(shí)例分析：考研英語長難句結(jié)構(gòu)分析技巧

在考研英語試卷中，長難句日益成為科技文體中出現(xiàn)頻率很高的考試重點(diǎn)。同時(shí)，它也是

翻譯題中常出現(xiàn)的考查難點(diǎn)。對于考生來說，長難句也是考卷中得分較難的一部分。所以，萬

學(xué)海文以實(shí)例為據(jù)，向2013 屆正處于考研復(fù)習(xí)中的同學(xué)們，講一講考研英語長難句的結(jié)構(gòu)解 析技巧。

英語長句也就是復(fù)雜句，里面可能會有多個(gè)從句，從句與從句之間的關(guān)系可可能為并列，包含與被包含、鑲嵌等形式。因此分析長難句或者翻譯長難句，首要解決的應(yīng)該是弄清楚從句

以及清楚從句之間的關(guān)系。英語經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的復(fù)合句包括：名詞性從句，它又包括主語從句、賓

語從句、表語從句和同位語從句；形容詞性從句，即定語從句；另外還有一種叫做狀語從句。那么，有些同學(xué)可能會問，究竟該怎樣來分析長難句呢？有以下幾點(diǎn)最為基礎(chǔ)的步驟需要

考生們記?。?/p>

1、找出全句的主語、謂語和賓語，即句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)；

2、找出句中所有的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)、非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)、介詞短語和從句的引導(dǎo)詞；

3、分析從句和短語的功能，例如，是否為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句或狀語從句等；

以及詞，短語和從句之間的關(guān)系；

4、分析句子中是否有固定詞組或固定搭配、插入語等其他成分。依照上面四個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)分析步驟，我們對下面的句子進(jìn)行了分解與解析，希望同學(xué)們能夠在看

完例子后，有進(jìn)一步的理解。

例句：In Africa I met a boy，who was crying as if his heart would break and said，when I spoke to him，that he was hungry because he had had no food for two days.例句分析：

第一，拆分句子。

這個(gè)長句可以拆分為四段：①“In Africa I met a boy”②“who was crying as if his heart would break”、③“when I spoke to him，that he was hungry because”、④“he had had no food for two days”.第二，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)分析。

（1）主干結(jié)構(gòu)是主語+過去式+賓語——“I met a boy”；

（2）“crying”后面是壯語從句“as if his heart would break”；（3）“when I spoke to him”是介于“said”和“that he was hungry because”之間的插入語。

第三，難點(diǎn)部分的處理。

“crying as if his heart would break”應(yīng)譯為哭得傷心極了。參考譯文：

在非洲，我遇到一個(gè)小孩，他哭得傷心極了，我問他時(shí)，他說他餓了，兩天沒有吃飯了。

以上是對于一般長難句的結(jié)構(gòu)較為基礎(chǔ)的解析方法。長難句的解析方法具體來講可以分為

分譯法、順序法、綜合法、逆序法等。

1、分譯法

有些英語長句的主句與從句或主句與修飾語間的關(guān)系并不十分密切，為使意思連貫，可把

長句中的從句或短語化為句子分開來敘述，有時(shí)還可適當(dāng)增加詞語。例如：“He became deaf at five after an attack of typhoid fever.”該句有兩個(gè)介詞短語，代表兩層意思。因此，按照分譯法，打破原句的結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯成：他五歲的時(shí)候，生了一場傷寒病，變成了聾子。

2、順序法

有些英語長句按邏輯關(guān)系安排，與漢語的表達(dá)方式比較一致，或者敘述的一連串動(dòng)作按發(fā)生的

時(shí)間先后安排，這類句子可按原文順序譯出。這里不予以舉例。

3、逆序法

逆序法即倒置法。有些英語長句的表達(dá)次序與漢語習(xí)慣不同，甚至語序完全相反，這就必

須從原文的后面譯起，逆著原文的順序翻譯。例如：“There was little hope of continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”該句可分為三 部分①“There was little hope”；②“continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose”；③

“in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”前兩層表結(jié)果，第三層表原因。這句英語長句的敘

述層次與漢語邏輯相反，因此要打破原句的結(jié)構(gòu)，按照漢語造句的規(guī)律重新加以安排。譯為，這一帶我不熟悉，天黑以后繼續(xù)進(jìn)行調(diào)查，取得結(jié)果的希望不大。

4、綜合法

另有一些英語長句用前三種翻譯方法翻譯時(shí)都有困難，需要用綜合法。即或按時(shí)間先后，或按邏輯先后，或按邏輯順序，有順有逆地進(jìn)行綜合處理。例如：“The phenomenon describes the way in which light physically scatters when it passes through particles in the earth’s atmosphere that are1/10 in diameter of the color of the light.”該句可以分解為四個(gè)部分①“The phenomenon describes the way”；②“in which light physically scatters”；③“when it passes through particles in the earth’s atmosphere”；④“that are1/10in diameter of the color of the light.”其中，第一、二和 三、四部分之間是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系。用綜合法來處理這個(gè)句子，即合譯前三部分，第四部

分用分譯法，這樣譯出來的句子就非常符合漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。譯為，這種現(xiàn)象說明了光線通過

地球大氣微粒時(shí)的物理散射方式。大氣微粒的直徑為有色光直徑的十分之一。通過對近年來試題的分析，我們可以看出，長難句結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，邏輯性強(qiáng)，翻譯起來困難相

當(dāng)大。但是，無論多長的句子、多么復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)，它們都是由一些基本的成分組成的。只要弄

清英語原文的句法結(jié)構(gòu)，找出整個(gè)句子的中心內(nèi)容及其各層意思，然后分析各層意思之間的邏 輯關(guān)系，再按漢語的特點(diǎn)和表達(dá)方式就可以譯出原文了。在長句的英譯漢實(shí)踐中，我們始終應(yīng)

記住英漢在句法結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異，不必拘泥于形式。

第五篇：2018考研英語長難句翻譯講解

2018考研英語長難句翻譯講解（2）

長短句是考研英語的一大重難點(diǎn)，打好長短句翻譯基礎(chǔ)，將會給我們的翻譯和作文帶來巨大的幫助。

1.That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court's decisions will be accepted as impartial judgements.【分析】復(fù)合句，主句為 That kind of activity makes it less likely, it 是形式賓語，真正的賓語是 that 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。

【譯文】這類行為使得法院的裁定被認(rèn)為是公正判決的可能性有所下降。2.Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social concepts like liberty and property.【分析】復(fù)合句。主句為 Constitutional law is political。because 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句;其中分詞短語rooted in...作定語修飾 choices, 介詞短語 like liberty and property 修飾 concepts。

【譯文】憲法是由植根于自由和所有權(quán)等基本社會觀念的選擇造成的，因此它是政治性的。

3.Those forced to exercises their smiling muscles reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, suggesting that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.【分析】復(fù)合句。主句為 Those...reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons，過去分詞短語forced to...作后置定語修飾 those。than 引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句，該從句中的主語 those 由定語從句修飾，因其較長，謂語又因與主句重復(fù)而省略為 did，所以用倒裝語序。suggesting...為現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作結(jié)果狀語，其中包含 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。

【譯文】那些用牙齒咬著筆，表現(xiàn)出笑容的人比那些用嘴唇叼著筆、表現(xiàn)出沮喪神情的人在看搞笑的動(dòng)畫片時(shí)所作出的反應(yīng)更豐富。這就證明了表情能夠影響情緒，而不是情緒影響表情。

【拓展】1)contract 作名詞時(shí)意為“契約，合同;婚約”;作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為“締結(jié)，訂契約;染上(惡習(xí)，疾病等);(使)收縮，(使)緊縮”。2)frown“皺眉，蹙眉”，既是動(dòng)詞也是名詞。

4.An awareness that they were being experimented upon seemed to be enough to alter workers's behavior by itself.【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為。An awareness...seemed to be enough to alter...。that 引導(dǎo)同位語從句補(bǔ)充說明awareness，其中 they 指代后面的 workers。Be enough to do “足以...”。

【譯文】只要意識到她們在接受實(shí)驗(yàn)，這一意識本身似乎就足以改變工人們的行為。