第一篇：外研社八年級英語上冊語法總結(jié)

外研版八年級上冊英語復習資料 Module1 復習資料.give you some advice給你一些建議(advice 不可數(shù)名詞)2.講…語(speak +語言)

3.tell sb.about sth.告訴某人關(guān)于某事 4.talk to sb.對某人談話

5.read+文字類物;look與at 連用, have a look 3.how(what)about doing sth 做什么怎么樣

4.ask(sb.)for sth.請求某人獲得……

6.have a message(短信,信息)for sb.有某人的信息

/ give sb.a message給某人一條信息 / take a message for sb.捎某人一個口信 leave a message for sb.給某人留個口信

7.help sb with sth=help sb.to do sth.在某方面幫某人 8.translate sth.into sth.把……翻譯成……

9.send sth to sb=send sb.sth.把某物寄(送)給某人

10.match sth.with sth.把某物與某物搭配

11.不定代詞,疑問副詞(something, nothing, anything, everything,what)接else表其他某物

12.enjoy(doing)sth 享受(做)某事

13.take a long time 花很長一段時間

11.the meaning ofsth.某物的意思 enjoy oneself =have a good time 過得開心lots of sth.=a lot of sth.許多start a conversation 開始談話take a deep breath 深呼吸一下a piece of paper一張紙 best wishes給予最好的祝愿 the number of sth.某物的數(shù)量(后接動詞單數(shù))20.a number of sth.許多某物(后接動詞復數(shù))21.show / take sb around 帶某人參觀 22.write down sth.寫下 23.make mistakes 犯錯

24.do some concerts開音樂會 25.on the Internet 在網(wǎng)上 26.a good idea 一個好主意 27.a pen friend 一個筆友

28.school orchestra 學校管弦樂隊

29.in groups 分組

30.each other 各自

31.first of all= at first 首先

32.what else 還有其他什么 33.a piece of advice 一條建議

34.borrow sth.from sb.從某人借入某物 lend sth.to sb.借某物給某人

35.basic questions 基本的問題

36.welcome back 歡迎回來

37.in class 在課堂上 38.next to 緊鄰著……

39.listen to sth./ sb.hear sth./ sb.40.everyday adj.平常的,日常的 every day 每天 51.count the English words 數(shù)英語單詞

help sb.with sth.幫助某人做某事=help sb.(to)do sth.幫助某人做某事 41make you shy 使你害羞 make sb.+ adj.make sb.do sth.43 make a list 列個清單

44.the best way to do sth.做……的最好方法

45.make friends 結(jié)交朋友

46think about sth./ doing sth.考慮, think of sth./ doing sth.想出

a new term 一個新學期

49.in your notebook 在筆記本里

read a newspaper看報紙

64.say hello to sb.向某人問好/問候 52.start a club創(chuàng)建一個俱樂部

53.what else還有什么嗎

54.thank you for doing sth./sth.=thanks for doing sth./ sth.為......向你表感謝 55.It takes +時間 / 金錢+to do sth.做某事花費多少時間或金錢

56.practise(doing)sth.練習(做)某事

57.be good at(doing)sth.擅長于(做)某事

58.a piece of paper一張紙,紙不可數(shù)

59.always放系動詞后,實意動詞之前=all the time放句末(一直 ,總是)60.be good for(doing)sth.對(做)某事有好處的61.It is + adj.(形容詞)+ to do sth.做某事是怎么樣的 62.look for sth..尋找 某物

63.show / take sb.around 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀 65.for example 例如

smile at sb.向某人笑

hear from sb.= get a letter from sb.收到某人的來信, hear of sb./ sth.聽說某人或某物hear about sb./ sth.聽說關(guān)于某人或某物 建議句型: You should(not)do(原形)sth.你應 該(不)做…… Why don't you do(原形)sth.=Why not(原形)do sth.你為什么不做… / 為什么不做… How about doing sth.= What about doing sth.做……怎么樣It's a good idea to do(原形)sth.做某事是一個好主意 半功try to do(原形)sth.試圖做某事try not to do(原形)sht.試圖不做某事 7.remember to do(原形)sth.記得做某事

8.Don't forget to do(原形)sth.不要忘記做某事

9.It is a good way to do(原形)sth.做某事是一個好方法/方式.Module2復習資料

by plane= take a plane fly to + 地方=take the plane to + 地方=go to + 地方by plane.1.travel around the world環(huán)游世界on TV 在電視上 invite sb to do sth 邀請某人去做某事the price of sth.某物的價格all over 遍及

6take off 起飛 land著陸Spring Festival 春節(jié)

8write about sth.寫關(guān)于…… 9 western food 西餐

10a fantastic experience 一次奇妙的經(jīng)歷

11more than =over 超過give concerts 開音樂會 enter(=take part in)a competition 參加競賽sell out 賣光 sound brilliant sound+ adj.形容詞 聽起來好極了taste delicious taste + adj.形容詞 嘗起來美味的 18what kind of… 什么的種類…… 19what's the price of …什么的價格……

20have / has been to+地方 去過某地(已回來)21a wonderful experience 一次極好的經(jīng)歷 22have a wonderful time 過得開心

23come true 實現(xiàn) in newspaper 在報紙里 25 roast duck 烤鴨take photos 拍照the Great Wall 長城 29 Beijing Opera 京劇

30cook dinner煮飯

play the piano 彈鋼琴

32.cabin steward 客艙乘務(wù)員

have / has gone to +地方 去了某地(還沒回來)35.again and again 一次又一次

36.stay with sb.與某人呆在一起

37.dream(v.)of / about+名詞/ 代詞或動名詞: 夢想關(guān)于

also,too 也 also放于句中,too放于句末

38.anywhere 用于否定或疑問句 哪些地方

39.be / go abroad 在/ 去外國 40.try to do sth.盡力去做某事

41.Chinese musician 中國音樂家

42.How many times…多少次…… 43.the first prize 第一份獎品

44.look at sth.看某物

45.Italian food意大利食品

46.one of the boys 其中的男孩之一(后用動詞單數(shù))one of sth.某屋之一 47.the first prize 一等獎

48.have / has been in+地方 在某地住了(多久)49.It is + a / an + adj.+ n.+ to do sth.做某事是怎么樣的.at the end = finally= at last

another+名詞單數(shù)(三者中)另一個…One …the other… 一個…另一個… do sth.better更好地做某事

現(xiàn)在完成時里副詞用法:ever為副詞=at any time 在任何時候,曾經(jīng),常用于疑問句,否定句,比較狀語從句以及條件狀語從句;never為副詞,絕不,從來沒有, 用于情態(tài)動詞,助動詞,be動詞之后或?qū)嵙x動詞之前;以前before用于陳述句和疑問句中,放在句末;yet用于否定句,有時可用于一般疑問句,放于句末;already已經(jīng)一般用于肯定句中 句型: Have / Has sb.ever done sth.Have / Has sb.done sth.yet Sb.have / has done sth.yet.Sb.have / has already done sth.Sb.have / has been to +地方

Sb.have / has gone to +地方 Sb.have / has done sth.before.Sb.have / has never done sth.規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞變化與過去式一樣,要求掌握的不規(guī)則動詞現(xiàn)在完成時變化,參見課本199和200頁.Module3復習資料

What are you up to = What are you doing 你正在做什么

What do you reckon 你認為怎么樣

Don't panic!別緊張!Make a model 做一個模型 In space 在太空

On the space station 在太空站上 The latest news最新的新聞 solar system 太陽系

space shuttle = spacecraft太空飛船 10.a small part of… ……的一小部分 11.so far 到目前為止

12.speak to 對…說

13.hear about 聽說關(guān)于…… 14.millions of 數(shù)以百萬 15.go around 圍繞……轉(zhuǎn)

16.at night 在晚上

17.finish doing… 完成做…… 18.as good as…與……一樣好

19.write back 寫回 / 回信

20.send … to… 發(fā)送…… 21.in the universe 在宇宙

22.in my life 在我的生命里

23.none of sb./sth.(沒有)接謂語動詞單數(shù)形式

24.on earth 在地球上

25.no one(沒有人)接謂語動詞單數(shù)形式

26.so… that 太……而…….28.several months幾個月 29.on business 出差

30.discover life 發(fā)現(xiàn)生命

31.bring … back 帶……回來

34.an environment with air 有空氣的環(huán)境

35.200 billion 兩千億

36.beyond the solar system 遠離太陽系 discover sth.find sth.38.give us a break 別再煩我們了

show sth.to sb.= show sb.sth.bring sb.sth.=bring sth.to sb.give sb.sth.=give sth.to sb.lend sb.sth.= lend sth.to sb.pass sb.sth.= pass sth.to sb.write sb.sth.=write sth.to sb.tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.teach sb.sth.= teach sth.sb.buy sb.sth.= buy sth.for sb.show sb.around

bring sb.sth.= bring sth.to sb.take sth.to sb.have / has gone to +地方

arrive at / in = get to= reach

(yet用于現(xiàn)在完成時否定和疑問,放句末.already用于現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定,放于句中.just ,by this time, ever ,never ,before, several times ,since ,up to now ,so far ,recently ,lately ,for a long time)however然而,放于句子開頭

there have / has been;there will be=there is / are going to be;find / find out / look for sth.+ cost+sb.+ money sb.pay money for sth.sb.spend meney on sth./ in doing sth.It takes sb.some time to do sth.prefer +n./ doing sth.to n./ doing sth.比起…,更喜歡… prefer to do … rather than do… 寧愿做…而不愿做… in the past 在過去 How long

alone副詞修飾行為動詞, lonely形容詞修飾名詞

each of + 名詞復數(shù)接謂語動詞單數(shù),each+名詞單數(shù)接謂語動詞單數(shù) Module4復習資料 1.take part in參加

2.get on well with 與……相處融洽 3.hear about 聽說關(guān)于

4hear of聽說……

5drop out of school 綴學look after =take care of 照顧 7raise sth.籌集某物pay for支付 9how long 多久

10Project Hope希望工程 11head teacher校長;班主任

12with the help of =with one's help 在……的幫助下 13 because of由于…… 14 thousands of數(shù)以千計

15an eight—year —old boy==an eight years old boy一個八歲的男孩 16in the last(past)+數(shù)字+年份在過去的某年里

18stop doing sth停止做某事

19.get an education接受教育 20in the countryside 在鄉(xiāng)下

21train teachers訓練/培訓教師

22with no electricity= without electricity 沒有電 23.But(但是,后接表轉(zhuǎn)折的句子)24.I like English but I don't like Chinese.25.so(因此,后接結(jié)果的句子)

on earth究竟,到底 on the earth在地球上 for + 表示一段時間的短語;since + 表示過去時間點的短語;since +表示過去的時間狀語從句;since+一段時間+ago It + 形容詞+to do sth.get on / along with sb./ sth.和某人相處…… / 某事進展 In fact

all over China teach sb.sth.a little , little;a few, few in the last / past +時間 Sb.pay money for sth.because of +名詞,名詞短語 因為… because+接一個從句 So far 具體數(shù)字+hundred, thousand, million, billion;hundreds of , thousands of , millions of, billions of

and 用于肯定的陳述句中;

or或者用于否定的列舉;but但是表示轉(zhuǎn)折

句型:How long have / has sb.done(持續(xù)性動詞過去分詞)sth.三副詞近義:perhaps“大概,或許”放于句子開頭probably“大概”放于be,行為動詞前,情態(tài)動詞后;, maybe“也許”放于句子開頭 be in good health=healthy

be in bad health It is important to do sth.Sb.stop doing sth.Module5復習資料 1.on earth到底

2.of course 當然

3.school orchestra 學校管弦樂隊

4.pop music 流行音樂

5.classical music 古典音樂

6.rap music 說唱音樂 7.Beijing Opera 京劇

8.at the age of 在……歲時

9.make records 制作唱片

10.in addition to 除……以外

11.not only …but also … 不但……而且…… 12.be famous for 因……而著名

13.Play the drums / guitar / organ / piano / trumpet / violin 14.be born …….出生

15.now and then 從現(xiàn)在起 16.the capital city 省會

lively , living elder, older

17.the centre of 中心……

18.Who is it by 這是誰創(chuàng)作的Of course= sure= certainly 19.a fan 一個愛好者

20.hundreds of 數(shù)以百計

part-time full-time

21.show / take sb.around 帶某人四處參觀

22.the rest of the world 世界的剩余部分

23.translate … into…把……翻譯成…..24.tell sb sth.告訴某人某事;tell sb.(not)to do sth.告訴某人(不)去做某事;tell sb.about sth.告訴某人關(guān)于某事 25.wait for a moment 等一會

26.be interested in sth./ doing sth.對……感興趣 27.Hope Schools 希望學校

28.sb.was / were doing sth.+ when + sb.did sth.當某人做……的時候,某人正在做什么.29.a bookshop 一個書店

30.sit beside 坐在旁邊

31.cheer for為……喝彩

32.Sth.costs(sb).some money…物花了某人……錢.句型:反意義疑問句 前面陳述肯定,后用否定簡單問句;前面陳述否定,后用肯定簡單問句.回答肯定的就肯定,回答否定的就否定.特殊反意義疑問句快速記憶: 1.陳述部分主謂語是I am …時,反意疑問句用aren't I,而不是am not I.2.當主語是指示代詞this或that時,反意疑問句的主語用it,當陳述部分的主語是指示代詞these或those時,其反意疑問句的主語用they.3.當主語是不定代詞one時,反意疑問句的主語可用one,也可用you(美式英語用he).4.當have/has不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做謂語時,其反意疑問句的助動詞要用do,does,did.5.陳述部分有have to時,其反意疑問句要用助動詞的否定形式.6.陳述部分是there be句型時,反意疑問句中要用there.7.陳述部分含I think(believe,suppose…)that…結(jié)構(gòu)時,其反意疑問句須與從句的主謂語保持一致,注意主句的主語必須是第一人稱.8.陳述部分主語是動名詞,從句,不定式短語形式時,反意疑問句的主語應該用it.9.陳述部分含有few,little,hardly,never,not,no,no one,nobody,nothing,none等這些表示否定意義的詞時,其反意疑問句需用肯定結(jié)構(gòu).10.陳述部分的主語是everything,nothing,anything或something時,反意疑問句的主語應用代詞it.11.當主語是everybody,everyone,anybody,anyone,somebody,someone,nobody,no one,none,neither時,反意疑問句的主語要用復數(shù)代詞they.12.祈使句一般加上will you或won't you構(gòu)成反意疑問句;用will you多表示“請求”,用won't you多表示提醒對方注意.如:Let引導的祈使句有兩種情況:(1)Let's后的反意疑問句用shall we.(2)Let us/me…后的反意疑問句用will you或won't you.13.感嘆句后加反意疑問句時,其反意疑問句需用be的一般現(xiàn)在時的否定形式.14.含否定意義的詞在陳述部分做動詞的賓語時,反意疑問句可用肯定結(jié)構(gòu),也可用否定結(jié)構(gòu).Module6復習資料

1.How is it going =How are you 你好嗎

2.run past / across 跑過

3.fall down 跌落

4.go off 熄滅

5.have a party 開晚會

6.by a river 在河邊

7.a big storm 一場大暴風雨

8.smile at 向……微笑 9.all kinds of 所有種類

10.out of breath 上氣不接下氣 11.get tired 感到疲倦

12.have nothing to do 沒有事情去做……/ 與……無關(guān)

get off

what … for = Why…

Fall in love with sb./sth.at noon once or twice have a party=hold a party jump out of sth.during +時間

13.think of認為, 想想

14.take …out of… 拿出…… at noon wear put on

stop doing sth.stop to do sth.15.get up 起床

16.get out 出去,滾開 17.look into 往里看

18.tea party 茶會 19.go into 進入

20.nothing strange 沒有什么奇怪的 21.…be outside …….在外面

Once 一次,從前,一旦 at once once upon a time once again take care of sb.= look after sb.be sure of / about sth.be sure to do sth.be sure 接句子

Sb./Sth.is / are doing sth.when Sb./ Sth.+do / does sth.Sb./Sth.was / were doing sth.when Sb./ Sth.+did sth.表示一個動作正在發(fā)生,另一個動作又發(fā)生了.句型:was / were doing sth.過去進行時

過去進行時常用的時間狀語:at this time, at this time, at that moment, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, 過去進行時句子+when sb.did sth., Sb.did sth.+while+過去進行時句子,at that time,(點鐘+過去時間短語,at nine o'clock last night)Module7 Unit1復習資料

1.smell delicious聞起來美味的 smell +adj.2.feel tight摸起來緊的 feel + adj.3.look strong看起來強壯的 look + adj.4.smell sour聞起來酸的 smell + adj.5.taste salty嘗起來咸的 taste + adj.6.sound quiet聽起來安靜的 sound + adj.7.make a pizza做比薩

8.have some!吃一些吧!9.What's the matter with sb.什么事 =What's wrong with sb.10.too strong氣味太濃,太強壯 too+ adj.表示太… 11.I am afraid.我害怕.be afraid of(doing)sth.12.chocolate cookies巧克力甜餅 13.have a try!試一下吧!

14.really sweet真的甜really + adj.15.much better好得多much+ 比較級

16.a lovely sweater穿一件可愛的毛衣

17.soft and comfortable軟和舒服的

18.you both你們倆,both放于行為動詞前,be動詞后.19.much food.許多食品much+ 不可數(shù)名詞;many+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) 20.have a party開會

21.What's she like 她是怎么樣的人 或她長得如何 What does / do sb.look like 23.have a look看一看25.come back回來 26.something to eat/drink一些吃/ 喝的東西

27.introduce sb.to sb.把……介紹給…… 30.See you later.一會兒見.Module7 Unit2復習資料

thanks for sth.;thanks for doing sth.謝謝…… last message上一封信

hear from收到……的來信=get a letter from can't wait to meet you迫不及待地想見到你--can't wait to do sth.I hope to do sth./ hope + 從句…我希望…… recognize me認出我

arrive at the airport到達機場 arrive at / in +地方=get to+地方= reach+地方 quite tall挺高的 quite+形容詞:很,十分…… short fair hair金色短發(fā) 10.wear glasses戴眼鏡11.wear put on 12.Journey旅行

13.carry, take 帶一件厚外衣 14.I am sure.我肯定.15.each other對方,互相

18.spend a lot of time with school orchestra很多時間都在學校交響樂隊(訓練)spend 花費,sb.spend(s)sth.in doing sth./sb.spend(s)sth.on sth.19.dance music舞曲20.love dancing愛跳舞 love sth./ love doing sth.21.enjoy sports 喜歡運動 enjoy sth./ doing sth.22.as well還,也 = too 23.especially tennis特別是網(wǎng)球

24.captain of… ……的隊長

25.be proud of sb.為……而自豪/驕傲 26.work hard努力工作

27.feel stupid覺得很傻,笨

28.get bad marks取得不好的成績

29.get angry with myself生自己的氣get angry with sb.=be mad at sb.生某人的氣 31.at first首先 =first of all

32.feel a bit sad感到有點兒悲傷 a bit + 形容詞 33.a few days幾天

34.quite shy十分,相當靦腆,害羞的quite+形容詞 36.feel nervous感到緊張

37.speak Chinese說中文speak + 語言 38.do something wrong做錯事

39.help me do the right things幫助我不做錯事help sb.do sth.41.be excited about(doing)sth.42.must 必須;后接動詞原形 43.shake hands with sb.握手

44.stare at sb.盯著某人看

句型:What does / do sb.look like What is/ are / am sb.like Module8 Unit 1 復習資料

1.問路:How do I get to+地方 = Can you tell me the way to +地方 =Where is the way to +地方

到達: get to ,reach, arrive at / in

2.show me a map of Beijing給我出示一張北京地圖Show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.4.on the left在左邊 在左邊或右邊用on on the right在右邊 8.go straight ahead一直向前走 9.be opposite+地方 在……的對面 10.I see.=know我懂了./ 我知道.12.between … and … 在……之間(表兩者之間);among用于三者或以上 13.the way to + 地方 去某地的路

15.kind of quiet.有點兒安靜kind of 有點兒+形容詞 16.go across(從表面)穿過 go through(從內(nèi)部)穿過 17.turn left into轉(zhuǎn)左進入 18.turn right into轉(zhuǎn)右進入

19.I think+句子…我認為…… / I don't think +句子 20.an entrance一個入口

21.on the corner of+地方在某地的拐彎處 22.do some shopping=go shopping購物 23.ask about sth.問關(guān)于…..24.The best place最好的地方 25.go along沿著

Module8 Unit2 復習資料 1.on your right 在你的右邊

3.in the middle of+地方 在某地的中間

5.a museum with lots of famous paintings一個藏有許多畫的博物館 with , without 12.most of sth.某物的大多數(shù)

13.The best way to do sth.is +形容詞.做某事的最好方式是怎么樣.14.as you go along the river當你沿著河走時 as 在此=when;as 還有“作為”, “像”的意思

15.get on上(船,車)get off下(船,車)18.next to緊挨著, 靠近

20.take the boat back along the river.乘船沿河回去 21.go past +地方走過…

22.walk along+地方 沿著某地走 24.賣sell sb.sth.= sell sth.to sb.25.lots of許多 lots of = a lot of 28.at the square在廣場

29.結(jié)束,完成:finish sth.finish doing sth.Module8 unit3 復習資料

6.get something to eat拿一些吃的東西 7.on the wall在墻上 8.science lab科學實驗室

9.Get a guidebook拿到一本指南 Module9 Unit1復習資料

1.需要 need to do sth./need +n./ pron.2.protect sb./ sth.保護,防護某人/某物 protect sth.from sth./ doing sth.保護sth.免受sth.的傷害

5.live in +地方 住在……里

9.有with(doing)sth.;沒有without(doing)sth.10.Which animals … 哪種動物…… 11.talk about sth.談?wù)撽P(guān)于…… 12.in danger處于危險中

13.Sb.be excited to do sth.做某事是激動的.14.at last最后=finally=at the end 15.know about 了解

16.think about 考慮

17.make sb.mad使某人感到極度激動的 make sb.do sth.使某人做某事 make sb.adj.使某人變得怎么樣

18.It's hard to do sth.做某事是難的.21.grow bigger發(fā)展得更大

停止某事stop sth.停止做某事stop doing sth.停下來去做某事stop to do sth.19.have no place to live in.沒有地方生活.20.The surprising thing 令人驚訝的事情.surprising 修飾物;,surprised 修飾人 22.take away帶走,拿走

24.Sth.isn't good to do sth.某物是不適宜做某事的

25.really awful.真的令人討厭.really 放于行為動詞,形容詞,定冠詞前 26.live in peace住在安寧中

27.決定(不)做某事decide(not)to do sth.28.on earth到底

29.find out 找出, 發(fā)現(xiàn) 33.become rare變得稀少

30.What is the matter with sb.=What is wrong with sb.某人出什么事了

31.too … to… 太……而不能……

32.too many animals太多動物too many+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) 太多 too much + 不可數(shù)名詞

34.examples of sth.…例子 for example 例如= such as 36.I am sad / happy / sorry /to do sth.做某事令我感到悲傷/高興/抱歉/驚奇的.Module9 Unit 2復習資料 1.努力工作work hard

2.one of the animals most in danger.最危險的動物之一.One of +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù):某物之一, 表單數(shù)后接動詞單數(shù)

3.about 1,000大約一千

4.nature reserve自然保護區(qū).5.zoos and research centres動物園研究中心 6.look after照顧=take care of 7.Southwest China中國西南地區(qū) 8.live on 以……為食/ 生

9.each +名詞后接動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式 每個…… 11.become smaller變得更少 12.different reasons不同原因

13.less and less 接不可數(shù)名詞fewer and fewer接可數(shù)名詞more and more 越來越多

形容詞的比較級+and+比較級:越來越…… 15.more than超過,多于=over 22.in the world在世界上

16.enough food足夠的食物enough放于名詞前,放于形容詞后 big enough 17.make a new plan 制定一個新計劃 18.grow better生長得更好 19.go back回去

20.most people大多數(shù)人

21.one of + 最高級+名詞 one of ……之一其中最…的某物之一

24.still a long way to do sth.做某事仍需走很長的路.a long way to go 路還很長,還需要努力

25.think of 想想,認為;后接動詞ing形式,或名詞 26.such as例如=for example, for instance

27.try to do sth.努力做某事28.make sure+句子 保證…… Module9 Unit 3復習資料

動詞不定式由“to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成,否定形式是“not + to+ 動詞原形”, 1.It is / was + adj.形容詞 + to do sth.做某事是怎么樣的.2.We / They /are,were +adj.形容詞+ to do sth.做某事令我們感到怎么樣.3.He / She +is adj.形容詞+ to do sth.4.want to do sth.想做某事.5.It is nice of you to do sth.做某事對你來說是好的.6.invite sb.to do sth.邀請某人去做某事 7.What time … 什么時候,幾點…….8.half past four4點半

9.let sb.do sth.讓某人做某事.10.make sb.do sth.使某人做某事.11.make sb.+ adj.使某人變得…… 12.show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.展示, 出示…… 13.stop doing sth.停止做某事 14.stop to do sth.停下來去做某事 15.tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.告訴…… 16.tell sb.(not)to do sth.告訴某人做某事 17.design a poster 設(shè)計一份海報 18.endangered animals瀕危動物

19.make jewellery 制造珠寶

20.provide sth.for sb.向某人提供……

21.保持:keep sth.+ adj.保持某物怎么樣 keep doing sth.保持做某事 22.pollute rivers污染河流 23.cut down 砍下

24.surprised, interested, excited用于修飾人;I am excited about the panda reserves.surprising, interesting, exciting用于修飾物 The book is interesting.25.the cause of sth.某物的原因 Module10 Unit1復習資料 1.want to do sth.想要做某事.2.would(sb.)like to do sth.愿意/想要做某事 3.as:就如,正如,當……的時候 4.main interest:主要的興趣 5.offer to do sth.提議做某事 6.not especially不是很特別 7.agree to do sth.同意做某事 8.try to do sth.:努力/試圖做某事 almost impossible:大概不可能 9.How long : 問時間,距離多長 How often:問頻率多久(一次 10.plan to do sth.計劃做某事 11.decide to do sth.決定做某事 12.have a good time=enjoy oneself 13.main thing: 主要的事情 /東西

14.hope to do sth.希望做某事hope +that +句子希望某人或某物做某事next time:下次

15.No idea.=I don't know.我不知道.16.a famous writer一個著名的作家

17.be famous for …因……而著名 be famous as 作為…..而出名 18.hear of doing sth.聽說做某事hear of sth.聽說某事 19.anything special 一些特殊的事情 / anything,something,everything,nothing+形容詞 Module10 Unit2復習資料 1.audience life觀眾生活.2.Show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.展示某人某物=展示某物給某人 between sth.and sth.表兩者之間among sth.表(三者或以上)之間 3.take place(有目的發(fā)生);happen(沒目的):發(fā)生

Tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.告訴某人某事=把某事告訴給某人 tell sb.(not)to do sth.告訴某人(不)去做某事

4.as the centre of the neighbourhood.作為街道中心.ask sb.to do sth.請求某人做某事

see … as …把某物或某事看作某物/某事

東西

5.finally, at last, at the end, in the end:最后 say goodbye to sb./ sth.對某人說再見 6.during+時間 在…….間

7.繼續(xù):continue sth.continue to do sth.=go on doing sth.8.bring 帶來sb.sth.=bring sth.to sb.帶給某人某物=帶某物給某人

10.send sb.to + 地方:把某人送到……地方;send sb.sth.= send sth.to sb.遞給…….11.learn to do sth.學習做某事learn from sb.向某人學習

learn …by heart 熟記…..,背誦learn one … lesson 吸取……教訓 12.from… to…從……到…… 13.be named…被稱為……

14.one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century.20世紀最偉大的中國作家之一.15.give a wonderful welcome:給予熱情的歡迎

ll over the world:全世界

16.start doing sth./ start to do sth.開始做某事 17.part of 部分

18.the name of…….的名字 19.in the end在……的最后

20.fall in love with sb.愛上……

21.marry sb.嫁給某人get married to sb.與某人結(jié)了婚 Module10 Unit3復習資料 1.hope to do sth.希望做某事

2.teach sth.to sb.教某物給某人=teach sb.sth.教某人某物 3.be full of sth.填滿/充滿…… 4.at the end在最后

Module11 Unit1復習資料

1.may接 be動詞原形或行為動詞原形may 用于問意見或請求許可,否定回答為must not或can't.maybe是副詞,也許,可能的意思,相當于perhaps,常放于句子開頭.2.forget to do sth.忘記做某事forget doing sth.忘記做了某事 3.go shopping =do some shopping購物 5.Hey, you lot!嗨,你們這些人!6.You must be joking!你一定是在開玩笑吧!must be 表示肯定的猜測;它的否定或疑問用can代替.Can you be joking 你會開玩笑嗎 You can't be joking.你不是開玩笑吧!might 是may 的過去式,用于可能性很小的事情的描述.天氣類的名詞變形容詞: Wind風-windy多風的, cloud云-cloudy多云的,rain雨-rainy多雨的, snow雪-snowy多雪的，sun,fog雙寫詞尾的輔音字母加y變?yōu)?Sun太陽-sunny陽光充足的, fog霧-foggy多霧的

9.What will the weather be like =How will the weather be 天氣會變得怎么樣

10.not bad不錯

11.at the moment此刻,現(xiàn)在=now 12.be off to +地方=leave for +地方:出發(fā)…

13.probably是副詞,放于句子開頭,也可以放在助動詞,系動詞,情態(tài)動詞的后面或謂語動詞的前面.14.the best time to do sth.做某事的最好時間 15.What about you 你呢 =How about you 16.Come on, better get going!來吧,最好走了.better get going = had better go 最好去…h(huán)ad better do sth.最好做某事 17.be going to do sth.=will do sth.打算做某事b uy sth.for sb.=buy sb.sth.買

18.something warm to wear something, everything, nothing, anything+形容詞 Module11 Unit 2 復習資料

1.the places to see and the time to go.去看的地方和去的時間.2.a lot of snow許多雪

3.The best plan is to do sth..最好的計劃是做某事 4.It is a good idea to do sth.做某事是個好主意.5.autumn leaves.秋葉.take photos of sth.給……拍照 6.4000 kilometres away 4000公里遠.7.It is nice to do sth.做某事是漂亮的.8.In the northwest在西北 9.It is pleasant to do sth.做某事是令人愉悅的.10.remember to do sth.記得做某事remember doing sth.記得做了某事 11.all day整天freezing cold.冰冷的.12.in the southeast 在東南部

13.in summer and fall.在夏天和秋天from time to time :偶爾,有時=sometimes 14.compare …with…=compared…to…把…….與……相比;compare…to…把……比做……

15.Any time you like!你喜歡任何時候都行

16.a good person一個好人 復數(shù):persons9.change…into … 把…變成… Module11 Unit 3復習資料 1.the same 相同的.2.had better do sth.最好做某事

3.It's a good idea to do sth.意思做某事是一個好主意.4.It's very important to do sth.做某事是非常重要的.It's great fun to do sth.做某事是太愉快的.It's nice to do sth.做某事是漂亮的.5.The best time is to do sth.做某事是最好的時間.6.possible, probably, may可能

It will probably rain tomorrow.It may be cold.It is possible to visit Alaska.7.this evening今晚

8.at the weekend在周末 9.in the holidays在假期里

10.a lot=much adv.許多;in spring.在春天

11.What's the temperature 溫度是多少 It's 20 degrees.20攝氏度.12.depend on取決于,依……而定;依賴,依靠,信賴12.at Christmas在圣誕節(jié) Module12 Unit1復習資料

1.stop chatting,everyone.大家停止聊天了.stop sth.停止某事stop doing sth.停止做某事stop to do sth.停下來去做另一件事.chat with sb.與某人聊2.Here she comes.她來啦!(倒裝)

3.remember to do sth.記得做某事remember doing sth.記得做了某事

5.Get a move on!=Hurry up!快點6.Oh, no!哦,不行!7.不能mustn't =must not 8.Hang on!等等=Wait a moment!9.in the USA在美國USA=United Stated of America 10.give sb.sth.=give sth.to sb.給某人某物=把某物給某人 11.immediately = quickly, fast快速地,迅速地

13.accept sth.(主觀)接受某物;receive sth.(客觀)接收某物 14.利用use sth./ use sth.to do sth.15.wrap hongbao包紅包

17.do some cleaning搞清潔,掃地on the first day of …在…的第一天 18.cut the hair.理發(fā).19.You can't be serious!你不會吧

20.You musn't break anything.你不能打碎任何東西.21.bad luck不吉利,倒霉

28.Anyway, relax!算了/ 不管如何,沒什么好緊張的.30.lots of =a lot of許多

31.Just wait and see!到時候你就知道了!32.What present什么禮物

buy sb.sth.=buy sth.for sb.買某人予某物=為某人買某物.34.both hands 雙手at Spring Festival在春節(jié) Module12 Unit2復習資料

1.too loudly.太大聲地talk to sb.對某人談話talk about sth.談?wù)撽P(guān)于某事 talk with sb.about sth.與某人談?wù)撽P(guān)于某事 2.greet people 問候人們 3.have a party 開派對 4.make noise制造噪音

5.advice for visitors給參觀者/旅游者的建

6.enjoyed my stay.過得很愉快enjoy sth.享受某事enjoy doing sth.享受做某事 7.different traditions.不同的傳統(tǒng)

8.for example例如shake hands握手 9.say hello.打個招呼.10.speak to sb.對某人說話 11.not…but…不是…而是… 12.at a tea party 喝茶點時 13.tea with milk.伴有奶的茶 14.put …in… 放…進…去.15.other passengers其他的乘客 16.be different from…與…不同 17.mobile phones 移動電話

18.hear sb.doing sth.聽見某人正在做某事hear sb.do sth.聽見某人做了某事 19.each other 相互,各自

20.arrive at / in到達reach到達get to到達on time按時,準時 21.At the party after the weddding 在婚禮之后的聚會 22.throw …over…把…扔向… throw… away… 把…扔掉 23.get married to sb.與某人結(jié)婚

24.What kind of …什么種類… 25.need to do sth.需要做某事

26.What part of …什么部分…use(sth.)to do sth.用(某物)做某事 Module12 Unit3復習資料 1.clean up bedroom 清潔臥室 2.wash up the dishes洗餐具

3.stay out after 9:00 九點之后在外逗留 4.do homework 做作業(yè) 5.wash hands 洗手

6.Use the telephone without asking不問就用電話

7.play music loudly after 10:00pm 晚上十點后大聲地放音樂 8.at the age of+數(shù)字在幾歲

9.leave somewhere.離開某地;leave for somewhere.出發(fā)去某地 10.be late for 為…而遲到 11.look up查找 12.take out 拿出

13.unwrap her birthday present打開她的生日禮物 14.can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事 15.Back-to-front由背面到前面 16.On the pavement在人行橫道 17.on your birthday在你的生日 18.on the road在路上

第二篇：八年級上冊英語(最新人教版)語法、短語和知識點總結(jié)

八年級上冊英語（2014年秋季版）語法、短語和知識點總結(jié) Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 本單元的話題：談?wù)摷倨诨顒觾?nèi)容，復習一般過去時。

本單元的語法：1.復習一般過去時；2.學習不定代詞和不定副詞的用法。2.不定代詞和不定副詞的用法：

（1）左邊的some、any、every、no與右邊的body、one、thing構(gòu)成不定代詞，some、any、every、no與右邊的疑問副詞where構(gòu)成不定副詞；

（2）一般情況下以some開頭的不定代詞和不定副詞用于肯定句，以any開頭的不定代詞和不定副詞用于否定句、疑問句；以no開頭的不定代詞和不定副詞表示否定含義（no one為兩個單詞）；

（3）不定代詞或不定副詞和形容詞連用時，形容詞放在后面。

He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。（肯定句用something，形容詞important放后）

Did you buy anything special?（一般疑問句用anything，形容詞special放后）Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上個月你去令人感興趣的地方了嗎？(一般疑問句用不定副詞anywhere，形容詞interesting放后)（4）不定代詞和不定副詞做主語時，后面的動詞用單數(shù)形式。Everone is here today.今天每個人都在這里。本單元的短語和知識點：

1.go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/進山

2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海灘 visit museums 參觀博物館 go to summer camp去參觀夏令營 3.study for tests為考試而學習備考 go out出去

4.quite a few相當多,不少（后跟可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)）take photos照相 most of the time大部分時間 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth為某人買某物 6.taste good.嘗起來很好 taste（嘗起來）、look（看起來）、sound（聽起來）為感官動詞，后跟形容詞

7.have a goodgreatfun time過得高興，玩得愉快（=enjoy oneself）8.go shopping去購物 9.nothing…but+動詞原形：除了……之外什么都沒有

He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了讀書無事可做。10.seem to do sth:好像… I seem to know him.我好像認識他。

seem+（to be）+形容詞：看起來…The work seems（to be）easy.這工作看起來很容易。11.keep a diary記日記

12.in+大地方：達到某地（get to +地方：達到某地）arrive at+小地方：達到某地(get的過去式為got)若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三個地點副詞，后面的介詞inatto必須去掉。Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚湯姆到家。13.decide to do sth:決定做某事 14.try doing sth.嘗試做某事try to do sth.盡力去做某事 15.feel like給…的感覺；感受到 16.in the past 在過去 walk around四處走走 enjoy doing sth:喜歡做某事 difference(名詞，差異，差別)----different(形容詞，不同的)18.start doing sth：開始做某事（= start to do sth）

19.19.over an hour一個多小時（over超過，多余 = more than）

20.too many 太多，后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。too much 太多，后跟不可數(shù)名詞，修飾動詞作狀語。much too 太，后跟形容詞或副詞，分辨三者的口訣： too much, much too, 用法區(qū)別看后頭:much 后接不可數(shù),too 后修飾形或副。too many 要記住，后面名詞必復數(shù)。21.because of 因為,后接名詞、代詞或動名詞（即動詞+ing），不能接句子。

because因為，后跟句子。

He was late for school because of getting up late.他因為起晚而上學遲到。（get為動詞）= He was late for school because he got up late.22.enough(足夠的)與名詞連用，一般放在名詞前He has enough money.23.enough(足夠的)與形容詞或副詞連用，enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school.24.doing sth.忘記已經(jīng)做過某事（已經(jīng)做完）

Forget to do sth.忘記去做某事（還未做）(forget的過去式為forgot)25.so+形容詞+that+句子：如此…以至于… too+形容詞+to do sth：太…以至于不能…

形容詞+enough to do sth：足夠…能夠做某事（注意三個句型有時可以互換）He is so young that he can′t go to school.= He is too young to go to school.= He isn′t old enough to go to school.Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 本單元的話題：談?wù)撋盍晳T，復習一般現(xiàn)在時。

本單元的語法：1.復習一般現(xiàn)在時；2.學習表示頻率副詞的用法。

主要頻率副詞的等級排序：always(總是)> usually(通常)> often(經(jīng)常)> sometimes(有時)> hardly ever(很少)> never(從不)這些副詞在句子中的位置，一般放在助動詞、be動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后，行為動詞之前。即：“行”前“助(系)”后。Peter is always late for school.Peter上學總是遲到。I usually do my homework in the evening.我通常在晚上做作業(yè)。提問 always, sometimes, twice a day 等頻率副詞，用 How often I watch TV every day.我每天都看電視→How often do you watch TV?(你多長時間看一次電視？)本單元的短語和知識點：

1.on weekends在周末 go to the movies去看電影 help with housework幫助做家務(wù) how often多久一次 hardly ever幾乎從不

2.once a week每周一次 twice a week每周兩次 every day每天 use the Internet用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)

be free有空 Are you free on weekends?你周末有空嗎？

4.stay up late熬夜at least至少go to bed early早點睡覺play sports進行體育活動 5.after school 放學后 6.want sth：需要某物 He wants a new pen.他想要一支新鋼筆。want to do sth:想做某事 He wants to watch TV after school.放學后他想去看電視。want sb to do sth:讓某人做某事 My mother wants me get up early.媽媽讓我早起。7.be good for對……有好處 be bad for 對……有害處

8.play computer games打電子游戲 go camping去野營 9.ask sb about sth：問某人某事 My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母經(jīng)常問我的學習情況。10.in one’s spare time在某人業(yè)余時間He studies English in his spare time.11.(P13，2b)”數(shù)字+percent of+名詞”做主語時，后面的單詞取決于名詞的情況。若名詞為復數(shù)，后面的動詞用復數(shù)形式；若名詞為單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，后面的動詞用單數(shù)形式。In our class ,twenty of students are boys.Thirty of water is dirty.12.not…at all:一點兒也不（not構(gòu)成否定句）I don’t like the movie at all.13.go online上網(wǎng)=surf the Internet 14.the answer to+名詞：…的答案 16.the(best)way to do sth: 做某事的(最好)方式

The best way to learn English is speaking English.學習英語的最好方法是說英語.17.such as比如（后跟名詞或名詞短語）for example 例如（后跟句子）

He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on.他喜歡水果，例如蘋果、香蕉等。He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes.19.more than(=over)超過，多余 go to the dentist去看牙醫(yī)

Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.本單元的話題：談?wù)撌挛飳Ρ?，學習形容詞比較級。

本單元的語法：學習形容詞比較級。（語法：見課本第113頁至115頁）本單元的短語和知識點：

1.play+the +樂器 play the drums打鼓 比較play +球類 play basketball打籃球

both…and…兩者都(后面的動詞用復數(shù)形式)Both Tom and Jim are students.3.be good at+名詞代詞V ing:擅長，在某方面做得好 7.be like:像… The books are like friends.書像朋友。

8.make friends(with sb)：（和某人）交朋友 enjoy doing sth:喜歡做某事 9.be different from與…不同 My brother is different from me.我弟弟與我不一樣。10.help sb to(do)sth:幫助某人做某事

常與help sb with sth(在某方面幫助某人)互換 He often helps me（to）learn English.他經(jīng)常幫助我學習英語。= He often helps me with my English.他經(jīng)常在英語方面幫助我。help(to)do sth:幫助做某事He often helps（to）cook at home.他經(jīng)常在家?guī)椭鲲垺?3.be good with sb:與某人相處很好 14.information（n.消息，信息）不可數(shù)名詞 Unit 4 What's the best movie theater? 本單元的話題：談?wù)撌挛飳Ρ龋瑢W習形容詞和副詞的最高級。本單元的語法：學習形容詞和副詞的最高級。

本單元的短語和知識點：

1.welcome to+地點：歡迎來到某地 Welcome to our school.歡迎來我校。2.What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你認為...怎么樣？ 3.watch sb do sth:看見某人做了某事（= see sb do sth）

4.比較級別 +and+比較級：越來越…（若比較級為more+形容詞原級，則為：more and more形容詞原級）The buildings are taller and taller.Our school is getting more and more beautiful.5.around the world全世界=all over the world, such as 例如

Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show? 本單元的話題：談?wù)撟约簩μ焓构?jié)目或電影的喜好，學會表達自己的感受。本單元的語法：復習一般現(xiàn)在時。本單元的短語和知識點： 1.What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你認為…怎么樣？ What do you think of the movie?你認為這部電影怎么樣？ It is boring.很無聊。

2.mind doing sth:介意做某事 3.news(不可數(shù)名詞，消息，信息)a piece of good news一條好消息 4.learn(sth)from sb:向某人學習（某物）5.plan to do sth:計劃做某事（plan的過去式planned,現(xiàn)在分詞planning）6.hope to do sth:希望做某事 8.favorite(形容詞，最喜愛的)= like…best

My favorite shows are talk shows.我最喜歡的節(jié)目是談話節(jié)目。=I like talk shows best.9.expect to do sth:期待做某事 10.think of認為，想起He often thinks of his teachers.11.in the 1930s:在二十世紀三十年代（1930年至1939年）

10.12.one of +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)：…之一（該短語放在句首做主語時，后面的動詞用單數(shù)形式）One of the students has an English dictionary.這些學生中一個人有英語字典。14.luck(名詞，幸運,運氣)—lucky(形容詞,幸運的)--unlucky(形容詞,不幸的)15.be ready to do sth樂意做某事 16.try one＇s best（to do sth）:盡力（做某事）

Unit6 Im going to study computer science.本單元的話題：談?wù)撟约簩淼挠媱澔虼蛩恪１締卧恼Z法：學習一般將來時be going to do sth。本單元的短語和知識點：

1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：science(名詞，科學)—scientist（名詞，科學家）

violin（名詞，小提琴）--violinst（名詞，小提琴家）piano（名詞，鋼琴）--pianist（名詞，鋼琴家）2.grow up成長，長大 3.be good at+名詞代詞動詞+ing:擅長… He is good at math,but he isn’t good at speaking English.他擅長數(shù)學，但是不擅長說英語。4.keep on doing sth: 繼續(xù)做某事 5.be sure about:確信，對…有把握 His mother isn’t sure about his study.他的媽媽對他的學習沒有把握。

6.move to +地點：搬（家）到某地 7.take singingacting lessons上歌唱課上表演課=have singingacting lessons 8.send sb sth = send sth to sb寄送給某人某物 His grandfather often sends him money。= His grandfather often sends money to him.9.learn to do sth學會做某事

10.play the piano彈鋼琴 make the soccer team組建足球隊 get good grades取得好的成績 eat healthier food吃更健康的食品 get lots of exercise進行大量鍛煉

11.foreign language外國語言 12.study hard努力學習most of the time大多數(shù)時間 14.get back from+地點：從…回來 He will get back from Beijing in 3 days.at the beginning of 在…開始的時候, write down寫下/記下，17.different kinds of不同種類的 have to do with關(guān)于，與…有關(guān)系,take up開始從事 20.too+形容詞+to do sth：太…以至于不能… so+形容詞+that+句子：如此…以至于…

形容詞+enough to do sth：足夠…能夠做某事（注意三個句型有時可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換）He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年輕以至于不能去上學。= He is too young to go to school.他太年輕了以至于不能去上學。

= He isn′t old enough to go to school.22.make sb+形容詞：讓某人怎么樣 The good news made us happy.（注意：news為不可數(shù)名詞）23.how to do better at school為“疑問詞+不定式”即“疑問詞+to do sth”

He didn’t know when to start.他不知道什么時候開始。24.go to university去上大學

Unit 7 Will people have robots? 本單元的話題：談?wù)搶ξ磥淼恼Z言，學習一般將來時will do sth。本單元的語法：學習一般將來時will do sth。

一般將來時由“助動詞will / shall + 動詞原型”構(gòu)成，表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來的時間狀語如tomorrow、next week，in 2 days(2天之后)等連用。（Shall用于第一人稱，will可以用于各種人稱。）(will not= won’t)一般疑問句：把肯定句中的will 提到句首即可。以上兩句的一般疑問句為： Will you visit the old man next week? Yes,we will.No, we won’t.否定句：把肯定句中的will 變?yōu)閣on’t即可。以上兩句的否定句為： We won’t visit the old man next week.She won’t finish the work in 2 weeks.本單元的短語和知識點：

1.There be結(jié)構(gòu)：There be(is/are/was/were)+某物/某人+某地/某時 “There be結(jié)構(gòu)”的一般現(xiàn)在時：There is/are+某物/某人+某地/某時 There are 600 students in our school.在我們學校有600個學生。

一般過去時：There was/were+某物/某人+某地/某時 There was a school ten years ago.一般將來時：There will be+某物/某人+某地/某時.= There is going to be+某物/某人+某地/某時.There will be a sport meeting next week.=There is going to be a sport meeting next weeek.下周將有場運動會。2.on computers在電腦上, on paper在紙上 3.a few +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)：有一些、有幾個 a little +不可數(shù)名詞：有一些

few +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)：幾乎沒有（表示否定）little+不可數(shù)名詞：幾乎沒有（表示否定）

many+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)：很多，許多 few 的比較級是fewer ,little的比較級是less much+不可數(shù)名詞：很多，許多 manymuch的比較級都是more There will be less polution in the future.在未來將會有更少的污染。（polution為不可數(shù)名詞）

We should plant more trees.我們應該種更多的樹。（tree為可數(shù)名詞）

There will be fewer cars in the future.在未來將會有更少的汽車。（car為可數(shù)名詞）4.in（great）danger在（極度）危險中on the earth在地球上save the earth拯救地球 6.in+一段時間：在…之后（多用于一般將來時）

He will come back in 2 days.兩天之后他將回來?！鶫ow soon will he come back?多久他將回來？

句型 There isare sb doing sth.有某人正在做某事。There is a cat eating fish.10.hundreds of+名詞：成百上千的…，許多…（表示模糊數(shù)字）數(shù)字+ hundred +名詞：幾百…（表示具體數(shù)字）

He has hundreds of book.他有很多書。He bought two hundred books.他買了二百本書。12.at some point: 在某些方面 free time空閑時間 in one’s free time在某人空閑時間

Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake? 本單元的話題：描述做事情的順序和過程。（First首先,Next下面,Then然后,Finally最后）本單元的語法：復習一般現(xiàn)在時。本單元的短語和知識點： 1(P57,1a)turn on打開 turn up調(diào)大

turn off關(guān)上 turn down調(diào)小 2.How many+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)：多少…

How much+不可數(shù)名詞：多少…

He has eight books.他有八本書?！鶫ow many books does he have?他有多少本書？ 3.量詞的用法：不可數(shù)名詞常用“數(shù)字+量詞+不可數(shù)名詞”來表示。如：

a piece of bread一片面包 比較：two pieces of bread兩片面包（bread為不可數(shù)名詞）a glass of orange 一玻璃杯橘子汁 one spoon of butter 一勺黃油

5.one more thing = another one thing 基數(shù)詞 + more + 名詞 = another + 基數(shù)詞 + 名詞：又多少某物 He ate an apple,he wanted to eat two more apples.7.It’s time(for sb)to do sth是某人該做某事的時間了。It’s time for us to have lunch.It’s time for sth是該做某事的時間了。It’s time for the class.是該上課的時候了。Unit 9 Can you come to my party? 本單元的話題：學會發(fā)出、接受或拒絕邀請。本單元的語法：復習情態(tài)動詞。本單元的短語和知識點：

1.on Saturday afternoon 在星期六下午，在具體哪一天的是上午、下午或晚上用on, 2.have to 必須（后跟動詞原形）He has to get up early.他必須早起?！ㄒ话阋蓡柧洌〥oes he get up early? Yes,he does.No,he doesn’t.（否定句）He doesn’t have to get up early.他沒有必要早起。4.sth=want sth 想要某物 Jim would like a new pen.Would like to do sth=want to do sth想做某事 He’d like to watch TV.Would you like to do sth ? 你愿意做...？（用來提出建議或征求對方意見）------would you like to go shopping with me ? 你想和我一起去買東西嗎？

------Yes,I’d love to，but I’m doing my homework.我想去,但是我現(xiàn)在正在做家庭作業(yè)。(=Sorry, I’m doing my homework.非常抱歉，我正在做家庭作業(yè)。)5.prepare for sth為…做準備 go to the doctor去看病have the flu 患流感help my parents給父母幫忙 have an exam考試

6.until 的用法:<1>若動詞為延續(xù)性動詞則用肯定句式 He studied until 21:00pm.他一直學習到晚上九點。

<2>若動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞，則用not….until….（直到。。才。。）He didn’t go to bed until his father came back.他一直到他爸爸回來才上床睡覺。10.study for a math test為數(shù)學考試做準備go to the party參加聚會 11.What’s today?今天幾號？Its Monday,the 14th.今天星期一，十四號。補充：what day is it today?今天星期幾？ it’s Monday今天星期一。

What’s the date today?今天幾月幾日？It’s October 20th.今天10月20日。12.go to the doctor去看病 have a piano lesson上鋼琴課 13.look after 照看，照料 = take care of She is old to look after his brother她足夠大了能夠照看她的弟弟。take good care of =look after…well好好照顧，好好照料

We should take good care of the children.= We should look after the children well.感嘆句的類型：

⑴ What a∕an+adj+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（+主語+謂語）！What +adj+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)∕不可數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）！

What a fine day(it is)!多么好的天啊?。╠ay為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)）

What an interesting book it is!多么有趣的一本書啊?。╞ook為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)）What beautiful flowers they are!多么漂亮的花?。。╢lowers為可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)）What bad weather it is!多么糟糕的天氣?。。╳eather為不可數(shù)名詞）

⑵ How +adj +主語+（謂語中的）系動詞！How +adv +主語+（謂語中的）實義動詞！How happy I am!我多麼高興?。。╤appy為adj,am為系動詞）

How hard they are working!他們工作多么努力?。。╤ard為adv,work為實義動詞）點撥：陳述句改為感嘆句，可以采用“一判、二定、三移”。一判：是判斷出陳述句謂語動詞后的中心詞的詞性（adj∕adv∕n）；

二定：是根據(jù)判斷出來的結(jié)果來確定引導詞（中心詞為名詞用What；中心詞為形容詞或副詞用How；）

三移：就是把主語和謂語移到后面。

注意：在感嘆句中，不得出現(xiàn)so,very，very much等表示程度的單詞。

例如：①Our school is beautiful.一判：beautiful為形容詞；二定：beautiful為形容詞，用How 來引導；三移：把Our school is移到How beautiful后面，即為感嘆句How beautiful our school is!②He is a clever boy.一判：boy為名詞；二定：boy為名詞，用What來引導；三移：把He is移到What a clever boy 后面，即為感嘆句What a clever boy he is!③He studies English well.一判：well為副詞；二定：well為副詞，用How 來引導；三移：把He studies移到How well后面，即為感嘆句How well he studies!練習：將下列句子變?yōu)楦袊@句。①The room is very bright.② We live a happy life today.③It is a nice present.④This is difficult problem.⑤She played the piano wonderfully.16.）the(best)way to do sth:做某事的（最好）方法 17.thanks for+名詞V?ing:為什么而感謝 18.take a trip參加郊游，at the end of this month在本月底

19.go back to+地點：回到某地 He will go back to Beijing in 2 days.兩天后他將回北京。20.have a surprise party for sb為某人舉辦一個驚喜的晚會

21.without+名詞代詞 V?ing：沒有… He can’t finish the work without our help.（help為名詞）

He went to school without having breakfast.他沒有吃早飯就去上學。（have為動詞）24.look forward to +名詞代詞V.ing：期待，盼望

25.hear from sb.收到某人的來信 = receive a letter from sb.27.the opening of… ：開幕/開業(yè) 28.在具體哪一天的上午、下午、晚上用on,比較： in the morning在早晨 on Sunday morning在星期天的早晨 29.invite sb to +地點:邀請某人去某地（invite--invitation）invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事

31.reply to sth / sb：回答某事/回答某人 go shopping 購物，do homework做家庭作業(yè)

Unit 10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!本單元的話題：談?wù)撌虑榭赡艿慕Y(jié)果。

本單元的語法：在條件狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來——即主將從現(xiàn)。If you go to the party, we will have a great time 從句（一般現(xiàn)在時）(主句一般將來時)解釋：在條件狀語從句，時間狀語從句中，若主句用一般將來時，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來-------簡稱主將從現(xiàn)

If it is fine tomorrow,I’ll visit shanghai

區(qū)分:賓語從句若主句為一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可以根據(jù)需要用任何時態(tài) I think I”ll finish the work in 2 days.我認為我在兩天內(nèi)將完成這項工作。主句（一般現(xiàn)在時）賓語從句

填空：I think she(come)here tomorrow.If he(come)here,I(call)you.本單元的短語和知識點：

1.have a great /good time 玩的開心 stay at home呆在家里take the bus乘公交車，go to the party參加晚會 tomorrow night明天晚上 talk about sth談?wù)撃呈?have a class party開班級晚會 have a class meeting 開班會

6.plan to do sth計劃做某They are planning to go shopping.他們正在計劃購物。7.（P74,2b）half the class 全班一半人,make some food 做食物

8.ask sb.to do sth 請某人做某事My parents often ask me to study hard.ask sb.not to do sth 請某人不要做某事 My techer often asks us not to be late.10.too+形容詞+to do sth：太…以至于不能… so+形容詞+that+句子：如此…以至于…

形容詞+enough to do sth：足夠…能夠做某事（注意三個句型常?？梢曰Q轉(zhuǎn)換）He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年輕以至于不能去上學。= He is too young to go to school.他太年輕了以至于不能去上學。= He isn′t old enough to go to school.11.tell sb.to do sth 高速某人做某事 tell sb.not to do sth 告訴某人不要做某事 12.give sb some advice給某人建議/勸告（adivce為不可數(shù)名詞）13.travel around the world 周游世界, go to college 上大學，make（a lot of）money 掙錢, get an education接受教育，14.）work hard 努力工作，a soccer player 一個足球運動員 15.talk to sb.與某人談話，keep…to oneself 把…留給自己/獨處

16.have problems with sth:在某方面有困難 have problems（in）doing sth:做方面有困難（2個句型常常可以互換）

She has problems with English.她在學習英語方面有困難。= She has problems（in）learning English.她學習英語有困難。

17.unless=if…not如果…不 Unless it is sunny tomorrow,I won’t go shopping.=If it isn’t sunny tomorrow,I won’t go shopping.18.be afraid to do sth:不敢做某事be afraid of sth:害怕某物

19.21.be angry with sb生某人的氣He is angry with his son.他在生他兒子的氣。be angry aboutat sth 因某事而生氣He is angry aboutat his work.他因為工作生氣。22.make mistakes犯錯誤 23.remember to do sth記著去做某事（事情還未做）remember doing sth記著已經(jīng)做過某事（事情做完，但是還記著）

Please remember to close the door when you leave.當你離開的時候記著關(guān)上門。（門還未關(guān)）.He remembered closing the door.他記著已經(jīng)關(guān)上門了。（門已經(jīng)關(guān)上）24.advise sb to do sth勸說某人做某事 advise sb doing建議提議做某事。25.It’s best(not)to do sth.最好（不要）做某事 solve a problem解決難題

26.run away from逃避Don’t run away from your problems.solve a problem解決難題 30.agree with sb:同意某人（的看法、意見、觀點等）31.worry about 擔心 =be worried about

第三篇：外研社八年級英語上冊module 8教案

外研社八年級英語上冊module 8教案

Date: November 23rd, 2013 Teaching aims:

1.Master key vocabulary and phrases: appear, round, corner, hit, glad, attention, hurt, in time, fall off, side by side… 2.Master language points and grammar points Teaching procedures: Step1 comment on exercises of module 7.Step2 learn some language points and grammar points 1.on the phone 通過電話通話(on 表示“通過”)2.look pale 看起來很蒼白

此處look作為半系動詞，后跟adj.常見的半系動詞有tastesmellsoundfeel.Eg: The music sounds good.The food tastes delicious.The sofa feels comfortable.3.listen 聽(強調(diào)聽的過程，后接賓語時需加to,即 listen to??)hear 聽到(強調(diào)聽到的結(jié)果，后接do或doing)Eg：We should listen to the teachers carefully.I hear someone singing in the next room.(我聽到有人正在隔壁房間唱歌)I hear someone sing in the next room.(我聽到有人在隔壁房間唱歌)4.appear(v.)出現(xiàn) → appearance(n.)disappear(v.)消失 Eg：He suddenly disappeared in front of us.5.hit 撞擊；打

Eg：The bus hits the bridge.He hits me on the head.此外，hit 還可以作名詞，表示“轟動一時的成功” Eg：His song made a hit.6.be glad to do sth 很高興去做sth Eg：I am glad to see you again.7.in time 及時 on time 準時，按時 Eg: I hope you can come back in time.Please hand in your homework on time.8.fall off=fall down from 從??摔下來你 fall asleep 入睡 fall into 掉入 fall in love with sb 愛上某人 fall behind 落在??后面 9.the risk of ??的風險 side by side 肩并肩 pay attention to 注意??(to 是一個介詞，后接名詞或doing)9.the risk of ??的風險 side by side 肩并肩 pay attention to 注意??(to 是一個介詞，后接名詞或doing)Eg：We should pay more attention to developing economy.10.sometimes 有時 some times 幾次；幾倍 sometime(將來或過去)某個時候 some time 一段時間 Eg：He sometimes sends me an e-mail.Remember it some times, or you will forget it.Let’s have a party sometime next week.I will stay with you for some time.11.try to do sth 試圖去做某事 try one’s best to do sth 盡某人全力去做某事 have a try 試一試

Eg:The little boy tries to go across the road by himself.We should try our best to save the animals in danger.Do you have a try? 12.pick up 撿起，拾起(代詞只能放中間，名詞放在中間或后面均可)pick sb up(開車)接某人 pick sth up 學會某事

Eg: After school, his father drives his car to pick him up everyday.Mike picked up a few words of Chinese last summer.13.call sb call up=ring up 打電話給sb call on 拜訪sb Eg：Call me up tomorrow.I called on my grandparents yesterday.14.take photos 照相 15.hide—hid—hidden 隱藏 hide up 包庇(壞人)hide sth from sb 瞞著某人某事 hide out 躲藏

Eg：---Why did the policeman catch the man just now?---He hid up the murderer.She hid her brother’s death from her parents.16.throw—threw—thrown 扔；拋 throw away 拋棄 throw about 到處亂扔 throw at 向??扔去

Eg：Don’t throw about the waste paper.The naughty boy throws at the dog a stone.17.As he was lying there in great pain,Henry suddenly remember the photo.lie 此處為不及物動詞，意為“躺”。其過去式、過去分詞分別為lay，lain；現(xiàn)在分詞為lying。He was lying on the bed.lie 的其他用法：①不及物動詞，意為“說謊”。過去式、過去分詞均為lied；現(xiàn)在分詞為lying。lie to sb 向sb撒謊 Eg：Don’t lie to me.②不及物動詞，意為“位于”。此時其過去式、過去分詞分別為lay，lain；現(xiàn)在分詞為lying。Shandong lies in the east of China.山東位于中國東部。18.hurry up hurry to do sth in a hurry 19.as 當??時=whenwhile ? as??as 與??一樣 not asso??as 與??不一樣 ? as??as possible盡可能=as??as sb cancould ? as soon as 一??就 Eg：He is as tall as me.We should study as hard as possible.I will call you as soon as I get home.20.send sth to sb=send sb sth show sth to stb=show sb sth 21.use A to do B 用A去做B → A be used to do B A被用來做B getbe used to doing習慣于做sth used to do sth 過去常常做sth Eg：We can use the bamboo to make a basket.He isgets used to getting up early.He used to get up early.22.on one’s way to 在sb去??路上 get in the way 妨礙 in this way 用這種方法 by the way 順便問下 in a way 在某種程度 take off(飛機)起飛；脫下(衣服)make a decision to do sth=decide to do sth 決定做某事 辨析：

when和while 都表示主從句的動作或狀態(tài)同時發(fā)生，但二者意義不盡相同。1.when引導的從句可表示時間點，也可表示時間段，從句的位于動詞既可以是延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是非

延續(xù)性動詞；while引導的從句通常表示時間段，從句中宜用延續(xù)性動詞作謂語。They arrived while we were watching TV.2.含有when引導的時間狀語的主從復合句，如果主句用過去進行時，從句應該用一般過去式，表示一個

動作正在進行的時候另一個動作發(fā)生，強調(diào)后一動作發(fā)生的突然性。We were watching TV when suddenly the lights went off.3.當主從句的動作都是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生，主從句都用過去進行時的時候，從句多用while引導。

They were reading while we were writing.4.如果表示從句的動作在主句的動作“之前”或“之后”發(fā)生時，多用when，不用while。

此外，when還含有“at the moment “的意思，此時引導的句子不能放在句首，也不能用while來替換 用所給詞的適當形式填空：

1.The boy __________(walk)down the street when the UFO landed.2.While the girl ___________(shop), the alin got out.3.The girl ___________(watch)TV when the teacher came in.Step3.homework: do some exercise(輕巧奪冠P71——P80)

第四篇：八年級初二英語上冊第三單元語法總結(jié)

形容詞的比較級全接觸

（一）形容詞比較級的定義

英語中，表示兩者（人或事物）相比較時，要用形容詞的比較級。

（二）形容詞比較級的構(gòu)成

1.一般在原級形容詞詞尾直接加--er Tall-taller cold-colder 2.以字母e結(jié)尾的形容詞，在詞尾加-r Nice-nicer large-larger 3.重讀閉音節(jié)詞詞尾只有一個輔音字母時，應先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-er。Big-bigger

thin-thinner fat-fatter 4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，先變y為i，再加-er.Easy-easier happy-happier

early-earlier 5.多音節(jié)形容詞前直接加more.Athletic-more athletic

popular-more popular beautiful-more beautiful 6.不規(guī)則變化

Good/well-better bad/ill-worse many/much-more Old-older/elder

far-farther/further

little-less

（三）形容詞比較級的用法

1.最基本句型“主語+be(is, am, are)+形容詞比較級+than+比較對象”，than后接人稱代詞時可以是主格或者是賓格。Than前后比較對象必須是同一范疇，即同類事物時間的比較。

She is a little more outgoing than me/I.她性格比我外向點。

2.比較級前可以用much, a little, a lot, even, rather, still, any, a bit, far等詞修飾，起強調(diào)作用。不可用very, so, quite, too（只能修飾原級）等修飾。

It’s cold today, but it is going to be even colder tomorrow.今天很冷，但是明天會更冷。

3.在含有or的選擇疑問句中，如果有兩者供選擇，前面的形容詞要用比較級形式。

Who do you think is more beautiful, Lucy or Lily?你認為誰更漂亮，露西還是莉莉？

4.當兩者比較只出現(xiàn)一方，含有of the two/of the twins結(jié)構(gòu)時，比較級前要加the，意為“兩個中比較。。的一個”。

He is the taller of the two boys.他是兩個男孩中個子較高的一個。

5.“get/become+形容詞比較級+and+形容詞比較級”表示“變得越來越.....”的意思。

It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天來了，天氣變得越來越暖和了。6.“the+形容詞比較級....，the+形容詞比較級.....”意為 “越...就越...”兩個比較級不要求一定詞性相同，它們各自的詞性要依句子的需要而定。

The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have.你學習越努力，你的成績就越好。

7.表示 “比....大（長、多、寬.....）幾倍”用 “....times+形容詞比較級+than...”結(jié)構(gòu)。

Ours classroom is twice larger than yours.我們的教室比你們的大兩倍。

8.表示 “重幾斤，高幾厘米，大幾歲”等，可用“表示數(shù)量的詞+形容詞比較級+than...”

Tom is six years older than you.湯姆比你大六歲。

9.當表達 “....之一，第幾大/小/高/矮......”時，往往是用最高級，而不用比較級。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黃河是中國第二長河。

10.“形容詞比較級+than any other+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“...比其他的任何....都.....”，此句型可以換成最高級。

Li Lei is cleverer than any other student in the class.=Li Lei is the cleverest student in the class.李磊是班上最聰明的學生。

11.“more+形容詞”與“l(fā)ess+形容詞”及“not so/as.....as”的互換。要注意前后比較對象要倒換位置。

Chinese is more important than English.漢語比英語重要。=English is less important than Chinese.=English is not so important as Chinese.12.兩者的同級比較用as....as結(jié)構(gòu)（否定not as/so....as)，表示“與....一樣（不如）”，其間應接形容詞原級，不能用比較級。He is as tall as his father.他與他父親一樣高。He is not as/so tall as his father.他不如他父親高。

13.比較級的替代。使用比較級時，前后兩個比較項要保持一致，若前一個比較項是不可數(shù)名詞，則后一個比較項可為替代詞that；若前一個比較項是可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，則后一個比較項可為替代詞those.The weather in Nanjing is warmer than that in Beijing in winter.在冬天南京的天氣比北京暖和。

The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.一班同學比二班用功。

第五篇：仁愛版八年級英語上冊語法

UNIT 1 Topic 1 語法精講 be going to＋動詞原形

1.表示說話人根據(jù)現(xiàn)在已有的跡象，判斷將要或即將發(fā)生某種情況。這類句子的主語可以是人，也可是物。例如：

There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我們學校將有一場足球賽。（已有告示）

I feel terrible.I think I'm going to die.我感到難受極了，我想我快不行了。

Look at those black clouds！It's going to rain.看看那些烏云！天快要下雨了。

2.表示主語現(xiàn)在的意圖或現(xiàn)已作出的決定，即打算在最近或?qū)磉M行某事。這種意圖或決定往往是事先經(jīng)過考慮的。例如：

He isn't going to see his elder brother tomorrow.他明天不準備去看他哥哥。

Mary is going to be a teacher when she grows up.瑪麗決定長大了當一名教師。

3.只是單純地預測未來的事，此時可與will互換。例如：

I think it is going to/will rain this evening.我認為今晚要下雨。

注意：

（1）be going to和will在含義和用法上略有不同。be going to往往表示事先經(jīng)過考慮的打算；will多表示意愿、決心。兩者有時不能互換。例如：

He is studying hard and is going to try for the exams.他正努力學習，準備參加考試。（不能用will替換）

—Can somebody help me？ ——誰能幫我一下嗎？

—I will.——我來。（不能用be going to替換）

（2）在if之后，通常不用will表示預言，但可以用be going to表示意圖。例如：

If you are going to go to the cinema this evening，you'd better take your coat with you.你若今晚去看電影，最好帶著外套。

be going to也?？梢杂糜谥骶渲?。例如：

If you invite Jack，there's going to be trouble.如果你邀請杰克，那就要惹麻煩了。

如果表示將來的意愿，will可用于條件從句。此時will為情態(tài)動詞。例如：

If you will learn to play football，I'll help you.如果你想學踢足球，我可以幫你。課堂小測

1、Be careful.The train ____d.A.will come B.C.comes D.is coming 2.Look at those clouds.It ___a__ soon, I'm afraid.A.is going to rain B.is raining C.will rain D.won't rain 3.The radio says it ____c__ the day after tomorrow.A.is going to snow B.is snowing C.will snow D.snows 4._b___ he _____ some shopping tomorrow afternoon ? A.Will…does B.is going to do C.is…doing D.Shall… do

UNIT 1 Topic 2 語法精講

UNIT 1 Topic 3 語法精講

隨堂測試

1、There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A.will be going to B.will going to be

C.is going to be D.will go to be()2.Charlie ________ here next month.A.isn’t working B.doesn’t working C.isn’t going to working D.won’t work()3.He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.A.will be;is B.is;is

C.will be;will be D.is;will be()4.There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A.was B.is going to have

C.will have D.is going to be()5.–_____ you ______ free tomorrow? – No.I _____ free the day after tomorrow.A.Are;going to;will

B.Are;going to be;will

C.Are;going to;will be D.Are;going to be;will be()6.Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.A.will gives B.will give

C.gives D.give

UNIT 2 Topic 1 語法精講

UNIT 2 Topic 2 語法精講

UNIT 2 Topic 3 語法精講

情態(tài)動詞用法總結(jié)：

情態(tài)動詞的語法特征：1）情態(tài)動詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，只表示期待或估計某事的發(fā)生；2）情態(tài)動詞 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不帶to 的不定式。3）情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱，數(shù)的變化，即情態(tài)動詞

2）成語： may/might as well，后面接不帶to 的不定式，意為“不妨”。

If that is the case, we may as well try

三、比較have to和must

1)兩詞都是'必須’的意思，have to 表示客觀的需要，must 表示說話人主觀上的看法，既主觀上的必要。

My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請來。(客觀上需要做這件事)

He said that they must work hard.他說他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事）

2)have to有人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。但must 可用于間接引語中表示過去的必要或義務(wù)。

He had to look after his sister yesterday.3）在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中： don't have to 表示“不必”

mustn't 表示“禁止”，You don't have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告訴他。

You mustn't tell him about it.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。

四、must表示推測

1)must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測，意為“一定”。

2)must表對現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測時，must 后面通常接系動詞be 的原形或行為動詞的進行式。

You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（對現(xiàn)在情況的推測判斷）

He must be working in his office.他一定在辦公室工作呢。

比較：

He must be staying there.他現(xiàn)在肯定呆在那里。

He must stay there.他必須呆在那。

3)must 表示對已發(fā)生的事情的推測時，must 要接完成式。

I didn't hear the phone.I must have been asleep.我剛才沒有聽到電話，我想必是睡著了。

4)must表示對過去某時正發(fā)生的事情的推測，must 后面要接不定式的完成進行式。

——Why didn't you answer my phone call?

——Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didn't hear it.5)否定推測用 can't。

If Tom didn't leave here until five o’clock, he can't be home yet.如果湯姆五點才離開這兒，他此時一定還未到家。

五、表示推測的用法

can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推測，其用法如下：

1）情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形。

表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r的推測，此時動詞通常為系動詞。

I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan.2）情態(tài)動詞+動詞現(xiàn)在進行時。

表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)碚谶M行的情況進行推測。

At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.這時，我們老師想必在批改試卷。

3）情態(tài)動詞+動詞完成時。

表示對過去情況的推測。

We would have finished this work by the end of next December.

明年十二月底前我們很可能已完成這項工作了。

The road is wet.It must have rained last night.地是濕的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。

4）情態(tài)動詞+動詞的現(xiàn)在完成進行時。

表示對過去正在發(fā)生事情的推測。

Your mother must have been looking for you.你媽媽一定一直在找你。

5）推測的否定形式，疑問形式用can't, couldn’t表示。

Mike can't have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.邁克一定還沒有找回他的車，因為早上他是坐公共汽車來上班的。

注意：could, might表示推測時不表示時態(tài)，其推測的程度不如 can, may。

六、should 和ought to

should 和ought to 都為“應該”的意思，可用于各種人稱。

——Ought he to go?

——Yes.I think he ought to.表示要求，命令時，語氣由 should（應該）、had better最好）、must（必須）漸強。

七、had better表示“最好”

had better 相當于一個助動詞，它只有一種形式，它后面要跟動詞原形。

had better do sth

had better not do sth It is pretty cold.You'd better put on my coat.She'd better not play with the dog.had better have done sth表示與事實相反的結(jié)果，意為“本來最好”。

You had better have come earlier.八、would rather表示“寧愿”

would rather do

would rather not do

would rather… than… 寧愿……而不愿。

還有would sooner, had rather, had sooner都表示“寧愿”、“寧可”的意思。

If I have a choice, I had sooner not continue my studies at this school.I would rather stay here than go home.= I would stay here rather than go home.九、will和would

注意：

1）would like； Would like to do = want to 想要，為固定搭配。

Would you like to go with me?

2）Will you…? Would you like…? 表示肯定含義的請求勸說時，疑問句中一般用some, 而不是any。

Would you like some cake?

3）否定結(jié)構(gòu)中用will，一般不用would, won't you是一種委婉語氣。

Won't you sit down?

十、情態(tài)動詞的回答方式

問句 肯定回答 否定回答

Need you…? Yes, I must.No,I needn't

Must you…? /don't have to.十一、帶to 的情態(tài)動詞

帶to 的情態(tài)動詞有四個：ought to, have to, used to, be to, 如加上have got to ,(=must)，

be able to，為六個。它們的疑問，否定形式應予以注意：

Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the month?

She didn't use to play tennis before she was fourteen.You ought not to have told her all about it.Ought he to see a heart specialist at once.?

ought to 本身作為情態(tài)動詞使用。其他的詞作為實義動詞使用，變疑問，否定時，須有do 等助動詞協(xié)助。典型例題

Tom ought not to ___ me your secret, but he meant no harm.A.have told B.tell C.be telling D.having told

答案A。由于后句為過去時，告訴秘密的動作又發(fā)生在其前因，此地應用過去完成時，但它在情態(tài)動詞 ought to 后，所以用 have。

十二、比較need和dare

這兩詞既可做實義動詞用，又可做情態(tài)動詞用。作為情態(tài)動詞，兩者都只能用于疑問句，否定句和條件句。need 作實義動詞時后面的不定式必須帶to，而dare作實義動詞用時, 后面的to 時常可以被省略。

1)實義動詞： need（需要, 要求）

need + n./ to do sth

2)情態(tài)動詞： need，只用原形need后加do，否定形式為need not。

Need you go yet? Yes, I must./ No, I needn't.3)need 的被動含義：need, want, require, worth（形容詞）后面接doing也可以表示被動：

need doing = need to be done

隨堂測試

1.—Must I finish my homework today？

—No，you _______.A.can’t B.needn’t.C.mustn‘t.D.may not 2.—_______ I speak to Mary？

— Mary Speaking.A.Must B.Need C.May D.Shall 3.This math problem is too hard.Nobody _______ do it.A.may not B.may C.can‘t D.can 4.—Can you speak Japanese？

—No，I _______.A.can‘t B.mustn’t C.may not D.needn‘t

5.You _______ stop when the lights are red.A.may B.can C.should D.must 6.You _______ play football in the street.It‘s dangerous.A.can‘t B.shouldn’t C.mustn‘t D.wouldn’t

UNIT 3 Topic 1 語法精講

UNIT 3 Topic 2 語法精講

隨堂小測

()1.What a friendly person _______!We all like talking with him.A.is it B.is he C.it is D.he is()2._______ swimming in this river!A.How great fun B.What great fun C.How a great fun D.What a great fun

()3._______ sad news it is!We must try our best to help them out of trouble.A.What a B.What C.How a D.How()4.What _______ fine weather we have these days!A.a B.the C./ D.an()5._______ lovely day!Let’s go for a walk.A.What B.What a C.How D.How a()6._______ dangerous it is to ride on a busy road!A.What B.What a C.How D.How a

UNIT 3 Topic 3 語法精講

隨堂小測

1.My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself.A.fell, was riding B.fell, were riding C.had fallen, rode D.had fallen, was riding 2.Tom ___ into the house when no one ___.A.slipped, was looking B.had slipped, looked C.slipped, had looked

D.was slipping, looked 3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.A.had seen, was picking B.saw, picked C.had seen, picked

D.saw, was picking 4.I don ' t think Jim saw me;he ___ into space.A.just stared

B.was just staring C.has just stared

D.had just stared

5.I first met Lisa three years ago.She ___ at a radio shop at the time.A.has worked

B.was working

UNIT 4 Topic 1 語法精講

隨堂測試

1.Which lesson is __________(difficult)in Book 2? 2.Alice writes _____________(carefully)than I.3.This story is ____________(interesting)than that one.4.That was one of _________(exciting)moments in 2008.5.This kind of food must be ________(delicious)than that one.6.Beihai park is one of ____________(beautiful)parks in Beijing.7.Who’s ________(careful), Tom,Jim or Kate? 8.That is ________(easy)of all.9.He is __________(clever)boy in the class.10.John is ________(short)than Tom.

UNIT 4 Topic 2 語法精講

UNIT 4 Topic 3 語法精講

特別注意以下幾種反意疑問句

1.陳述部分含否定意味的詞(few, little, never, nothing, nobody, no, hardly, none)，附加疑問句應使用肯定形式（但前綴詞unhappy, unlike, disappear等列外）

eg.They are unhappy, aren’t they?

2.陳述部分的主語是everything, something, nothing, anything時，附加疑問句的主語應用it；陳述部分的主語是everybody, somebody, nobody, everyone, no one時，附加疑問句的主語應用they。

eg.1)Everything is ready, ___________?

2)Everyone is here, ____________?

3.陳述部分是祈使句時，附加疑問句一般用：will you? 但注意：

Let’s … , shall we?

Let us … , will you?

4.陳述部分含must時，附加疑問句一般用needn’t.eg.I must finish my work now, _________?

5.陳述部分是there be結(jié)構(gòu)時，應用there be結(jié)構(gòu)來完成。

eg.There’s little water, ___________

*6.陳述部分含賓語從句時，疑問部分通常與主句一致。但當主句的謂語動詞是think, believe且主語是I , we時，即：

I / We think(believe)+ 賓從，則附加問句應與從句一致。I’m sure + 賓從也是如此

eg.1)She said I did it, ____________?

2)We don’t think you are right, ________?

3)I’m sure you’ll help me, ____________?

*7.I’m… , aren’t I?

eg.I am older than you, __________?

8.陳述部分含had better, 疑問部分應用had better來回答。

eg.You’d better go out , ___________?

9.陳述部分是感嘆句，附加問句的人稱代詞應與主語一致。

eg.1)What a kind girl, __________?

2)What a fine day, ___________?

練習

()1.You had to work for 10 hours yesterday, _____?

A.didn’t you B.did not you C.had not you D.did you

()2.Don’t eat too much, ____?

A.will you B.don’t you

C.do you D.can you

()3.Lily looks like Lucy, ____?

A.is Lily B.isn’t she C.does Lily D.doesn’t she

()4.—You didn’t change your mind, did you---______.A.No, I didn’t B.Yes, did I

C.No, I did D.Yes, I didn’t