第一篇:There be 句型 初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)
江西省吉安縣鳳凰中學(xué)初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)There be 句型
除此之外,還有一個(gè)重要句式“有某人在做某事”,要用“Therebe+sb.+doingsth.+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)”。例如:
Thereareseveralchildrenswimmingintheriver.河里有幾個(gè)孩子在游泳。
不難看出,各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化是通過(guò)be動(dòng)詞的變化來(lái)體現(xiàn)的。我們?cè)谑褂眠^(guò)程中,首要的問(wèn)題是弄清楚Therebe與have所表示的意義。Therebe句型表示“存在”關(guān)系,have表示“所屬”關(guān)系,兩者不能混合在一個(gè)句子中。
例如:我們要說(shuō)“明天有一個(gè)班會(huì)。”
(1)Therewillhaveaclassmeetingtomorrow.(×)
(2)Thereisgoingto/willbeaclassmeetingtomorrow.(√)
有時(shí)候既表示“存在”又表示“所屬”時(shí),兩種都可以用。
例如:ClassThreehaveamapofChinaonthewall.(地圖為三班學(xué)生所有。)
ThereisamapofChinaonthewallinClassThree.(地圖存在于三班。)
由此看來(lái),Therewillhave是錯(cuò)誤的搭配方式。
使用Therebe句型時(shí)除了掌握基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)外,還應(yīng)注意以下問(wèn)題:
1.Therebe句型的考查更多的是將be動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)結(jié)合在一起進(jìn)行的,即主謂的一致性。
例如:(1)Thereis_____onthefloor.(2)Thereare_____onthefloor.選項(xiàng):A.catB.waterC.boxesD.football
解析:(1)由is可知主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,而A、D項(xiàng)中都缺少冠詞a,故選B,同理可知(2)應(yīng)選C。
2.如果作主語(yǔ)的是一個(gè)短語(yǔ),則常??疾槎陶Z(yǔ)中的修飾語(yǔ)??蓴?shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式前可以用any,some,few,afew,many或用數(shù)詞+hundred/thousand/million,hundreds/thousands/millionsof,no等修飾;不可數(shù)名詞可以受any,some,no,little,alittle,much等詞的修飾。例如:
(1)Therewere_____studentsinourschool.A.hundredsB.eighthundred
C.eighthundredsof
(2)Thereis_____water.Youneedn'tgetsomemore.A.fewB.littleC.much
解析:(1)由數(shù)詞與名詞的搭配關(guān)系可知選B,(2)由water可知排除A項(xiàng),再由后一句意思便知選C。
3.注意不定代詞的用法。
(1)不定代詞在句中作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。例如:Thereisnothinginthefridge.(2)不定代詞受形容詞修飾時(shí)要放在形容詞前面。例如:Thereissomethinginterestingintoday'snewspaper.4.Therebe句型的反意疑問(wèn)句,要注意陳述部分的形式。
如果陳述部分含有l(wèi)ittle,few,no,nobody,none等否定詞時(shí),后面的簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句中要用肯定形式。例如:Thereisnobodyintheroom,isthere?
但有的含有否定意義的形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)則仍看做肯定句式。例如:Thereissomethingunusualintheroom,isn'tthere?
5.要注意句子前后意思的一致性。
有的句子單獨(dú)看其意義時(shí),可能不止一個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合于它,但如果聯(lián)系上下句的意思則只能有一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)。
例如:(1)Thereis_____food.Youneedn'tbuyany.A.anyB.someC.no
(2)Thereis_____food.Youhavetobuysome.A.anyB.someC.no
從這兩題中的第一個(gè)句子來(lái)看均可選用some和no,但與后面的句意結(jié)合看,答案則是唯一的:(1)B;(2)C。
6.Therebe句型還有就近一致原則:即be動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與離它最近的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致。
例如:用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
(1)There___anappleandthreeorangesonthetable.(2)___therethreeorangesandanappleonthetable?
解析:(1)因?yàn)樵摼渲衋napple才是與be動(dòng)詞接近的主語(yǔ),而并非anappleandthreeoranges是句子的主語(yǔ),故而(1)的答案應(yīng)為is。
(2)因?yàn)樵摼渲衪hreeoranges才是與be動(dòng)詞接近的主語(yǔ),而并非threeorangesandanapple是句子的主語(yǔ),故而(2)的答案應(yīng)為Are。
Therebe句型命題趨向有兩個(gè)方面:一是進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)對(duì)知識(shí)的理解與運(yùn)用方面的考查。例如be動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)的一致性、名詞或代詞的修飾語(yǔ)、搭配關(guān)系、含否定詞的反意疑問(wèn)句等。二是有可能出現(xiàn)“有某人在做某事”這一句型,即“Therebe+sb.+doingsth.+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)”。另外,還得提醒一下同學(xué)們,如果要表達(dá)諸如“這里/那里(挺漂亮??)等”這樣的修飾句型,應(yīng)用“It’s?here/there.”而不是“Here/thereis?”。
中考原題
1.—Oh,thereisn'tenough_____forusinthelift.—Itdoesn'tmatter,let'swaitforthenext.A.groundB.floorC.placeD.room
2.There_____anEnglishEveningnextTuesday.A.wasB.willbe
C.willhaveD.aregoingtobe
3.There_____afootballgameinourschool.A.hasB.willhaveC.willbe
4.Thereisgoingto_____areport_____Chinesehistoryinourschoolthisevening.A.have;onB.be;on
C.have;forD.be;of
5.Thereis_____foodhere.We'llhavetobuysome.A.anyB.someC.no
6.Thereare_____daysinaweek.A.thesevenB.seventh
C.theseventhD.seven
7.Therearefew_____inthefridge.Let'sgoandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.A.vegetablesB.fruit
C.meatD.eggs
8.Look!Therearesome_____onthefloor.A.childB.waterC.boxesD.girl
9.Thereweretwo_____peopleatyesterday'smeeting.A.hundredsB.hundredsof
C.hundred
10.Theletterfrommyunclewasshort.Therewasn't_____news.A.manyB.afew
C.muchD.few
參考答案
1—5DBCBC
6—10DACCC
第二篇:句型語(yǔ)法 初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)
江西省吉安縣鳳凰中學(xué)初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)句型語(yǔ)法
一.否定句
改寫(xiě)否定句時(shí)我們遵循“有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí),在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞后直接加not,沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí),加入相應(yīng)助動(dòng)詞的否定態(tài)并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還原”的規(guī)則。1.I can swim.有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can所以直接在can后面加not就可以了。I can’t swim.2.I am a student.有be動(dòng)詞am所以在am后面加not。I am not a student.3.當(dāng)沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí),我們用相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞幫助我們完成句子的否定含義?,F(xiàn)階段我們接觸到的助動(dòng)詞有do, does, did,也就是說(shuō)我們要用他們的否定形式即don’t, doesn’t, didn’t來(lái)幫助我們完成否定句。不要忘了將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還原哦!①I(mǎi) like swimming.這句話是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而且主語(yǔ)是I所以應(yīng)該選取助動(dòng)詞do的否定形式don’t。I don’t like swimming.②She goes to school by bus.這句話也是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),但主語(yǔ)是She所以應(yīng)選取的助動(dòng)詞是does,并用其否定形式doesn’t進(jìn)行否定,并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞goes還原為go。She doesn’t go to school by bus.③I did my homework late yesterday.這句話是一般過(guò)去時(shí),所以應(yīng)用助動(dòng)詞did的否定形式didn’t進(jìn)行否定,并把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞did還原為do。I didn’t do my homework late yesterday.特別注意:如果肯定句中有some,and這種只能用于肯定句的詞匯時(shí),在改否定句時(shí),要把它們變?yōu)榭梢杂迷诜穸ň渲械腶ny和or。二.疑問(wèn)句
1. 一般疑問(wèn)句
A.一般疑問(wèn)句的問(wèn)句
一般疑問(wèn)句問(wèn)句的改寫(xiě)遵循“有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí),將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞提前,沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí),句首加入相應(yīng)助動(dòng)詞并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還原”的規(guī)則。但是當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是I時(shí),要將其改為you。
①I(mǎi) can swim.有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can所以直接將can提前可以了。Can you swim? ②I am a student.有be動(dòng)詞am所以將am提前。Are you a student?
③當(dāng)沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí),我們用相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞幫助我們完成一般疑問(wèn)句?,F(xiàn)階段我們接觸到的助動(dòng)詞有do, does, did,也就是說(shuō)我們要在句首加上Do, Does, Did完成一般疑問(wèn)句。不要忘了將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還原哦!
1)I like swimming.這句話是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而且主語(yǔ)是I所以應(yīng)該選取助動(dòng)詞do置于句首,并將I改為you。Do you like swimming?
2)She goes to school by bus.這句話也是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),但主語(yǔ)是She所以應(yīng)選取的助動(dòng)詞是does,并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞goes還原為go。Does she go to school by bus? 3)I did my homework late yesterday.這句話是一般過(guò)去時(shí),所以應(yīng)將助動(dòng)詞did置于句首,并把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞did還原為do。別忘了把I和my改為第二人稱(chēng)哦。Did you do your homework late yesterday? 特別注意:如果句中有some,and這種只能用于肯定句的詞匯時(shí),在改一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),要把它們變?yōu)榭梢杂迷谝蓡?wèn)句中的any和or。
B.一般疑問(wèn)句的答句
在回答一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),我們一般用yes和no來(lái)回答,并遵循“用什么提問(wèn)用什么回答”的原則,所以關(guān)鍵就在于問(wèn)句的第一個(gè)詞。但是有的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞引出的一般疑問(wèn)句根據(jù)其表達(dá)意思可以用不同的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞回答,例如: —May I open the door? —Yes, you can./No, you can’t.—Must I do it now? —No, you needn’t.2. 特殊疑問(wèn)句
在這個(gè)知識(shí)板塊我們所需要了解的有兩點(diǎn):第一是特殊疑問(wèn)句究竟提問(wèn)什么內(nèi)容,也就是每個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)詞的含義;第二就是如何改寫(xiě)特殊疑問(wèn)句,正確應(yīng)對(duì)就劃線部分提問(wèn)這種習(xí)題。
首先讓我們來(lái)看看小學(xué)階段我們應(yīng)該掌握的特殊疑問(wèn)詞吧。who:詢(xún)問(wèn)主格(人);what:詢(xún)問(wèn)物或干什么;whom:詢(xún)問(wèn)賓格;whose:詢(xún)問(wèn)所有格誰(shuí)的;which:哪一個(gè)人或物;where詢(xún)問(wèn)地點(diǎn);when詢(xún)問(wèn)時(shí)間,what time詢(xún)問(wèn)較為具體的時(shí)間;why詢(xún)問(wèn)原因;how詢(xún)問(wèn)用??方法,如何??;how還可以后接相應(yīng)的形容詞或副詞詢(xún)問(wèn)其程度:how old詢(xún)問(wèn)年齡;how many詢(xún)問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞的量;how much詢(xún)問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞的量和價(jià)格;how often詢(xún)問(wèn)頻率;how long詢(xún)問(wèn)時(shí)間或某物體的長(zhǎng)度;how far 詢(xún)問(wèn)指路程的長(zhǎng)度。
解決了特殊疑問(wèn)詞的含義,我們要開(kāi)始改寫(xiě)特殊疑問(wèn)句了。
第一步,確定特殊疑問(wèn)詞。我們先要明確提問(wèn)的內(nèi)容,選擇正確的特殊疑問(wèn)詞,這就用到了上面所介紹的特殊疑問(wèn)詞的含義了。
第二步,將所給出的句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句,你還記得嗎?
第三步,去掉被特殊疑問(wèn)詞代替的成分也就是劃線部分,再將特殊疑問(wèn)詞和刪減后的一般疑問(wèn)句相加。
依照上邊的步驟,大部分的特殊疑問(wèn)句就輕而易舉的完成了。來(lái)試試吧。例如:He went to school by bike yesterday.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))第一步,確定特殊疑問(wèn)詞。by bike應(yīng)該用詢(xún)問(wèn)用??方法的how來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)
第二步,改寫(xiě)一般疑問(wèn)句。本句沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞且為過(guò)去時(shí),要在句首添加did,并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞went還原。Did he go to school by bike yesterday? 第三步,去掉被特殊疑問(wèn)詞代替的成分也就是劃線部分by bike,再將特殊疑問(wèn)詞和刪減后的一般疑問(wèn)句相加。How did he go to school yesterday? 但是有的特殊疑問(wèn)不能遵循上面的步驟,比如who,whose和what。who提問(wèn)主格,它的特殊疑問(wèn)句只要把主格去掉換成who就可以了。例如:Peter has a lot of books.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))Who has a lot of books? whose提問(wèn)所有格誰(shuí)的,所以提問(wèn)時(shí)要帶著后面的名詞一起置于句首。
例如:This is Tom’s book.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))Whose book is this? what提問(wèn)干什么時(shí)要將刪掉的動(dòng)詞部分替換為do 例如:Susan watched football match yesterday.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))What did Susan do yesterday? 3. 選擇疑問(wèn)句
選擇疑問(wèn)句提出兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上可能的答案供對(duì)方選擇,選項(xiàng)之間用or連接。在形式上它很像一般疑問(wèn)句,但是回答時(shí)我們要用肯定句而非yes, no。例如: —Do you like sandwich or hamburger? —I’d like a sandwich.4. 反意疑問(wèn)句
A.反意疑問(wèn)句的問(wèn)句
在反意疑問(wèn)句的問(wèn)句中,我們應(yīng)遵循前后不一的原則,即如果前半句是肯定句,后半句則是否定的,而如果前半句是否定的則后半句應(yīng)該為肯定句。例如:He works really hard, doesn’t he? 在問(wèn)句中我們又兩個(gè)問(wèn)題需要特別注意:
第一、not和no并不是唯一的否定句標(biāo)志,前面我們提到過(guò)小學(xué)階段還有五個(gè)隱形否定詞,同樣也標(biāo)志否定:never, seldom, little, few, hardly。也就是說(shuō)當(dāng)句子中有它們時(shí),同樣視為否定句。He knows little about English history, does he? 第二、問(wèn)句中前半句和后半句的時(shí)態(tài)是相同的,所以后半句要選用與前半句相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞和形態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如:Mary goes to school on foot, doesn’t she? You can help me, can’t you? It’s a fine day, isn’t it? B.反意疑問(wèn)句的答句
在回答反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí),我們還是要用yes和no,所遵循的原則是“實(shí)話實(shí)說(shuō)”。也就是說(shuō)不管問(wèn)句是前面肯定后面否定或是前面否定后面肯定,我們只看主干是否屬實(shí)就可以了。另外要注意雖然問(wèn)句前后不一致,但是答句的前半句和后半句必須要一致,不能出現(xiàn)Yes, it isn’t.或者No, I can.之類(lèi)的荒唐句子。還有一點(diǎn)需要同學(xué)們注意的是,答句的時(shí)態(tài)和所選用的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞必須與問(wèn)句相同。例如:
—Tom is a boy’s name, isn’t it? —Yes, it is.—Tom can swim, can’t he? —Yes, he can.三.祈使句
祈使句表示請(qǐng)求、命令、建議等等,其中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一律用原形而且句子中通常不用主語(yǔ)。1. 肯定的祈使句
A.動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭,例如:
Stand up.起立。
Be quiet,please.請(qǐng)安靜。B.Let引出的祈使句,例如:
Let’s play ball.我們玩球吧。Let me help you.讓我來(lái)幫你。
C.如果要加人稱(chēng),人稱(chēng)要用“,”隔開(kāi),例如:
Li Ming,come here.李明,過(guò)來(lái)。
2. 否定的祈使句
A.Don’t +動(dòng)詞原形,例如:
Don’t swim in the river.別在河里游泳。Don’t be late.別遲到。
B.表示禁止時(shí),尤其是標(biāo)語(yǔ)等也可用“No+名詞/動(dòng)名詞”來(lái)表示,例如:
No smoking!禁止吸煙!No parking!禁止停車(chē)!
C.Let所引導(dǎo)的祈使句有兩種否定方式
Let’s(us,me)+not +動(dòng)詞原形,例如:
Let’s not say anything about it.對(duì)于這件事,咱們什么也不要說(shuō)。Don’t let +第三人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格或名詞+動(dòng)詞原形.Don’t let them play with fire.別讓他們玩火。
Don’t let the children touch the medicine.別讓兒童夠著藥物。
3. 祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句
A.一般祈使句后可以加一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句,變?yōu)榉匆庖蓡?wèn)句,使語(yǔ)氣變得客氣一些。
例如:Have a rest , will(won't)you?Stand up , will(won’t)you? B.但是let有兩種反意疑問(wèn)句
①Let’s表示說(shuō)話人向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh,問(wèn)句用shall we或 shan't we。例如:Let’s go,shall we?咱們?nèi)グ?,怎么樣?/p>
②Let me或 Let us表示向聽(tīng)話人提出請(qǐng)求,征求對(duì)方同意,問(wèn)句用 will you或 won’t you.例如:Let us go,will you?讓我們?nèi)グ桑袉幔?/p>
四.感嘆句
感嘆句通常有what, how引導(dǎo),表示贊美、驚嘆、喜 悅、等感情。what修飾名詞,how修飾形容詞,副詞或動(dòng)詞。這部分我們主要解決兩個(gè)問(wèn)題,一是如何區(qū)分what和how,二是如何將普通句改寫(xiě)為感嘆句。1. what與how的區(qū)分
區(qū)分它們的關(guān)鍵是看到底這句話是對(duì)哪個(gè)成分提出感嘆,但很多同學(xué)都困惑于分析這個(gè)成分,現(xiàn)在我們用一種簡(jiǎn)單的方法來(lái)試試。例1._______ nice weather it is!例2._______ nice the weather is!例3._______ time flies!首先我們從后往前刪去離感嘆號(hào)最近的一組主謂關(guān)系,然后觀察剩余的部分,如果還有名詞就證明要感嘆的是名詞部分,所以用what;如果沒(méi)有名詞,就證明所感嘆的不是名詞部分,就用how。
但是有一個(gè)問(wèn)題要注意,當(dāng)我們明確感嘆部分是名詞時(shí),還要看好這個(gè)名詞是不是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),如果是的話,要在what的后面加上a/an哦。例如:_______ nice shirt it is!What a nice shirt it is!2. 改寫(xiě)感嘆句
感嘆句的改寫(xiě)也是有訣竅的,首先確定what和how,然后把它們和它們所修飾的部分一起提前,其他部分保持陳述語(yǔ)序就可以了。
五.There be句型
相信這是一個(gè)大家都非常熟悉的句式了,但是還有兩點(diǎn)需要我們注意。1. there be句型符合就近原則,離be動(dòng)詞最近的名詞決定be動(dòng)詞的形式,例如:There _____ a river and some trees by the lake.離所填的be動(dòng)詞最近的是a river,所以要用表示單數(shù)的is。2. there be句型也是有時(shí)態(tài)的,be動(dòng)詞需要根據(jù)時(shí)間,變化為is, are或者was, were。但無(wú)論是哪個(gè),如果后面的動(dòng)詞都應(yīng)該是doing的形式。
第三篇:初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:There be句型講解
There be句型的基本用法是表示“某地(或某時(shí))有某人(或某物)”,其形式為“Therebe+代詞或名詞(短語(yǔ))+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)”。這里there是引導(dǎo)詞,沒(méi)有詞義,be是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,代詞或名詞(短語(yǔ))是主語(yǔ)。be要與主語(yǔ)保持人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的一致。否定句是在be后加not;一般疑問(wèn)句是將be放在句首;反意疑問(wèn)句中的簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句是由“be(或其否定式)+there”構(gòu)成。例如:
1.There is a desk and two chairs in the room.(緊挨著be動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是a desk,是單數(shù),故be的形式要用is)
2.There aren't two chairs and a desk in the room.(否定句)
3.Is there anything wrong with your ears?(Yes,there is./No,there isn't.)
4.There wasn't a meeting yesterday,was there?(反意疑問(wèn)句)
除此之外,還有一個(gè)重要句式“有某人在做某事”,要用“There be +sb.+doing sth.+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)”。例如:
There are several children swimming in the river.河里有幾個(gè)孩子在游泳。
There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中常見(jiàn)的時(shí)態(tài)有如下幾種情況:
通過(guò)上表可知:各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化是通過(guò) be動(dòng)詞的變化來(lái)體現(xiàn)的。至于你提到的兩個(gè)句子我們先不考慮對(duì)錯(cuò),首要的問(wèn)題是弄清楚There be與have所表示的意義。There be句型表示“存在”關(guān)系,have表示“所屬”關(guān)系,兩者不能混合在一個(gè)句子中。例如,要說(shuō)“明天有一個(gè)班會(huì)?!保?)There will have a class meeting tomorrow.(×)(2)There is going to/will be a class meeting tomorrow.(√)有時(shí)候既表示“存在”又表示“所屬”時(shí)兩種都可以用。例如:Class Three have a map of China on the wall.(“地圖”為三班學(xué)生所有)There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three.(“地圖”存在于三班)由此看來(lái),There will have是錯(cuò)誤的。
復(fù)習(xí)There be句型時(shí)除了掌握基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)外,還應(yīng)注意以下問(wèn)題:
1.There be句型的考查更多的是將be動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)結(jié)合在一起進(jìn)行的,即主謂的一致性。例如:
(1)There is _____ on the floor.(2)There are _____ on the floor.選項(xiàng):A.cat B.water C.boxes D.football解析:(1)由is可知主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,而A、D項(xiàng)中都缺少冠詞a,故選B,同理可知(2)應(yīng)選C.2.如果作主語(yǔ)的是一個(gè)短語(yǔ),則常??疾槎陶Z(yǔ)中的修飾語(yǔ)??蓴?shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式前可以用any,som e,few,a few,m any或用數(shù)詞 +hundred/thousand/million,hundreds/ thousands/millions of,no等修飾;不可數(shù)名詞可以受any,some,no,little,a little,much等詞的修飾。例如:
(1)There were _____ students in our school.A.hundreds B.eight hundred C.eight hundreds of
(2)There is _____ water.You needn't get some more.A.few B.little C.much
解析:(1)由數(shù)詞與名詞的搭配關(guān)系可知選B,(2)由water可知排除A項(xiàng),再由后一句意思便知選C.3.注意不定代詞的用法。
(1)不定代詞在句中作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。例如:There is nothing in the fridge.(2)不定代詞受形容詞修飾時(shí)要放在形容詞的前面。例如:There is something interesting in today's newspaper.4.There be句型的反意疑問(wèn)句,要注意陳述部分的形式。
如果陳述部分含有l(wèi)ittle,few,no,nobody,none等否定詞時(shí),后面的簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句中要用肯定形式。例如:There is nobody in the room,is there?
但有的含有否定意義的形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)則仍看作肯定句式。例如:There is something unusual in the room,isn't there?
5.要注意句子前后意思的一致性。
有的句子單獨(dú)看其意義時(shí),可能不止一個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合于它,但如果聯(lián)系上下句的意思則只能有一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)。例如:(1)There is _____ food.You needn't buy any.(2)There is _____ food.You have to buy some.(A.any B.some C.no)從這兩題中的第一個(gè)句子來(lái)看均可選用some和no,但與后面的句意結(jié)合看,答案則是唯一的:(1)B,(2)C.There be句型命題趨向有兩個(gè)方面:一是進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)對(duì)知識(shí)的理解與運(yùn)用方面的考查。例如be動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)的一致性、名詞或代詞的修飾語(yǔ)、搭配關(guān)系、含否定詞的反意疑問(wèn)句等。二是有可能出現(xiàn)“有某人在做某事”這一句型,即“There be +sb.+doing sth.+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)”。
下面是一些英語(yǔ)中考試題原題:
1.There are _____ days in a week.A.the seven B.seventh C.the seventh D.seven
2.There are few _____ in the fridge.Let's go and buy som e peas,carrots and cabbages.A.vegetables B.fruit C.meat D.eggs
3.Look!There are some _____ on the floor.A.child B.water C.boxes D.girl
4.There were two _____ people at yesterday's meeting.A.hundreds B.hundreds of C.hundred
5.The letter from my uncle was short.There wasn't _____ news.A.many B.a few C.much D.few
6.—Oh,there isn't enough _____ for us in the lift.—It doesn't matter,let's wait for the next.A.ground B.floor C.place D.room
7.There _____ an English Evening next Tuesday.A.was B.will be C.will have D.are going to be
8.There _____ a football gam e in our school.A.has B.will have C.will be
9.There is going to _____ a report _____ Chinese history in our school this evening.A.have;on B.be;on C.have;for D.be;of
10.There is _____ food here.We'll have to buy some.A.any B.some C.no
11.There is _____ in the bag.It's em pty.A.nothing B.something C.anything D.somebody
12.There is _____ knocking at the door.Go and see who it is.A.nobody B.somebody C.anybody D.everybody
13.—Is there _____ wrong with me,doctor?
—I'm afraid so.Your heart is beating a bit too slow.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
14.There is _____ interesting on this channel.Try others.A.nothing
B.none
C.anything
D.no
15.There is _____ interesting in the film,so _____ is interested in it.A.something;nobody B.nothing;somebody
C.anything;anybody D.nothing;nobody
16.There is _____ in today's newspaper.A.nothing new B.anything new
C.new anything D.new something
17.There is _____ in today's newspaper.A.new anything B.new something
C.anything new D.something new
18.There will be a volleyball match in our school,_____ ?
A.be there B.is there
C.will there D.won't there
19.There is little water in the bottle.(改為反意疑問(wèn)句)
There is little water in the bottle,_____ _____ ?
20.There is som ething unusual on the island.(改為反意疑問(wèn)句)
There is som ething unusual on the island,_____ _____ ?
Key:
●There be句型與中考試題
1—5 D A C C C
6—10 D B C B C
11—15 A B B A D
16—18 A D D 19.is there 20.isn't there
第四篇:初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法——句型篇
初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法——句型篇
Brainstorm:在改寫(xiě)句子的時(shí)候你能正確改寫(xiě)否定句和疑問(wèn)句嗎?你是不是總能在兩秒鐘里完成一個(gè)感嘆句和反意疑問(wèn)句呢?
一.肯定句
這部分我們?cè)谥敖榻B動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)了,你還記得嗎?
二.否定句
改寫(xiě)否定句時(shí)我們遵循“有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí),在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞后直接加not,沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí),加入相應(yīng)助動(dòng)詞的否定態(tài)并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還原”的規(guī)則。
1.I can swim.有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can所以直接在can后面加not就可以了。I can’t swim.2.I am a student.有be動(dòng)詞am所以在am后面加not。I am not a student.3.當(dāng)沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí),我們用相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞幫助我們完成句子的否定含義?,F(xiàn)階段我們接觸到的助動(dòng)詞有do, does, did,也就是說(shuō)我們要用他們的否定形式即don’t, doesn’t, didn’t來(lái)幫助我們完成否定句。不要忘了將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還原哦!
①I(mǎi) like swimming.這句話是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而且主語(yǔ)是I所以應(yīng)該選取助動(dòng)詞do的否定形式don’t。I don’t like swimming.②She goes to school by bus.這句話也是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),但主語(yǔ)是She所以應(yīng)選取的助動(dòng)詞是does,并用其否定形式doesn’t進(jìn)行否定,并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞goes還原為go。She doesn’t go to school by bus.③I did my homework late yesterday.這句話是一般過(guò)去時(shí),所以應(yīng)用助動(dòng)詞did的否定形式didn’t進(jìn)行否定,并把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞did還原為do。I didn’t do my homework late yesterday.特別注意:如果肯定句中有some,and這種只能用于肯定句的詞匯時(shí),在改否定句時(shí),要把它們變?yōu)榭梢杂迷诜穸ň渲械腶ny和or。
三.疑問(wèn)句 1. 一般疑問(wèn)句 A.一般疑問(wèn)句的問(wèn)句
一般疑問(wèn)句問(wèn)句的改寫(xiě)遵循“有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí),將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞提前,沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí),句首加入相應(yīng)助動(dòng)詞并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還原”的規(guī)則。但是當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是I時(shí),要將其改為you。
①I(mǎi) can swim.有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can所以直接將can提前可以了。Can you swim?
②I am a student.有be動(dòng)詞am所以將am提前。Are you a student?
③當(dāng)沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí),我們用相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞幫助我們完成一般疑問(wèn)句?,F(xiàn)階段我們接觸到的助動(dòng)詞有do, does, did,也就是說(shuō)我們要在句首加上Do, Does, Did完成一般疑問(wèn)句。不要忘了將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還原哦!
1)I like swimming.這句話是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而且主語(yǔ)是I所以應(yīng)該選取助動(dòng)詞do置于句首,并將I改為you。Do you like swimming? 2)She goes to school by bus.這句話也是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),但主語(yǔ)是She所以應(yīng)選取的助動(dòng)詞是does,并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞goes還原為go。Does she go to school by bus? 3)I did my homework late yesterday.這句話是一般過(guò)去時(shí),所以應(yīng)將助動(dòng)詞did置于句首,并把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞did還原為do。別忘了把I和my改為第二人稱(chēng)哦。Did you do your homework late yesterday? 特別注意:如果句中有some,and這種只能用于肯定句的詞匯時(shí),在改一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),要把它們變?yōu)榭梢杂迷谝蓡?wèn)句中的any和or。
B.一般疑問(wèn)句的答句
在回答一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),我們一般用yes和no來(lái)回答,并遵循“用什么提問(wèn)用什么回答”的原則,所以關(guān)鍵就在于問(wèn)句的第一個(gè)詞。但是有的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞引出的一般疑問(wèn)句根據(jù)其表達(dá)意思可以用不同的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞回答,例如:
—May I open the door? —Yes, you can./No, you can’t.—Must I do it now? —No, you needn’t.2. 特殊疑問(wèn)句
在這個(gè)知識(shí)板塊我們所需要了解的有兩點(diǎn):第一是特殊疑問(wèn)句究竟提問(wèn)什么內(nèi)容,也就是每個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)詞的含義;第二就是如何改寫(xiě)特殊疑問(wèn)句,正確應(yīng)對(duì)就劃線部分提問(wèn)這種習(xí)題。
首先讓我們來(lái)看看小學(xué)階段我們應(yīng)該掌握的特殊疑問(wèn)詞吧。who:詢(xún)問(wèn)主格(人);what:詢(xún)問(wèn)物或干什么;whom:詢(xún)問(wèn)賓格;whose:詢(xún)問(wèn)所有格誰(shuí)的;which:哪一個(gè)人或物;where詢(xún)問(wèn)地點(diǎn);when詢(xún)問(wèn)時(shí)間,what time詢(xún)問(wèn)較為具體的時(shí)間;why詢(xún)問(wèn)原因;how詢(xún)問(wèn)用??方法,如何??;how還可以后接相應(yīng)的形容詞或副詞詢(xún)問(wèn)其程度:how old詢(xún)問(wèn)年齡;how many詢(xún)問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞的量;how much詢(xún)問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞的量和價(jià)格;how often詢(xún)問(wèn)頻率;how long詢(xún)問(wèn)時(shí)間或某物體的長(zhǎng)度;how far 詢(xún)問(wèn)指路程的長(zhǎng)度。
解決了特殊疑問(wèn)詞的含義,我們要開(kāi)始改寫(xiě)特殊疑問(wèn)句了。第一步,確定特殊疑問(wèn)詞。我們先要明確提問(wèn)的內(nèi)容,選擇正確的特殊疑問(wèn)詞,這就用到了上面所介紹的特殊疑問(wèn)詞的含義了。
第二步,將所給出的句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句,你還記得嗎? 第三步,去掉被特殊疑問(wèn)詞代替的成分也就是劃線部分,再將特殊疑問(wèn)詞和刪減后的一般疑問(wèn)句相加。
依照上邊的步驟,大部分的特殊疑問(wèn)句就輕而易舉的完成了。來(lái)試試吧。
例如:He went to school by bike yesterday.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))
第一步,確定特殊疑問(wèn)詞。by bike應(yīng)該用詢(xún)問(wèn)用??方法的how來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)
第二步,改寫(xiě)一般疑問(wèn)句。本句沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞且為過(guò)去時(shí),要在句首添加did,并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞went還原。Did he go to school by bike yesterday? 第三步,去掉被特殊疑問(wèn)詞代替的成分也就是劃線部分by bike,再將特殊疑問(wèn)詞和刪減后的一般疑問(wèn)句相加。How did he go to school yesterday? 但是有的特殊疑問(wèn)不能遵循上面的步驟,比如who,whose和what。
who提問(wèn)主格,它的特殊疑問(wèn)句只要把主格去掉換成who就可以了。
例如:Peter has a lot of books.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))Who has a lot of books? whose提問(wèn)所有格誰(shuí)的,所以提問(wèn)時(shí)要帶著后面的名詞一起置于句首。
例如:This is Tom’s book.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))Whose book is this? what提問(wèn)干什么時(shí)要將刪掉的動(dòng)詞部分替換為do 例如:Susan watched football match yesterday.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))
What did Susan do yesterday? 3. 選擇疑問(wèn)句
選擇疑問(wèn)句提出兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上可能的答案供對(duì)方選擇,選項(xiàng)之間用or連接。在形式上它很像一般疑問(wèn)句,但是回答時(shí)我們要用肯定句而非yes, no。例如:
—Do you like sandwich or hamburger? —I’d like a sandwich.4. 反意疑問(wèn)句 A.反意疑問(wèn)句的問(wèn)句
在反意疑問(wèn)句的問(wèn)句中,我們應(yīng)遵循前后不一的原則,即如果前半句是肯定句,后半句則是否定的,而如果前半句是否定的則后半句應(yīng)該為肯定句。
例如:He works really hard, doesn’t he? 在問(wèn)句中我們又兩個(gè)問(wèn)題需要特別注意:
第一、not和no并不是唯一的否定句標(biāo)志,前面我們提到過(guò)小學(xué)階段還有五個(gè)隱形否定詞,同樣也標(biāo)志否定:never, seldom, little, few, hardly。也就是說(shuō)當(dāng)句子中有它們時(shí),同樣視為否定句。He knows little about English history, does he? 第二、問(wèn)句中前半句和后半句的時(shí)態(tài)是相同的,所以后半句要選用與前半句相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞和形態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如:Mary goes to school on foot, doesn’t she? You can help me, can’t you? It’s a fine day, isn’t it? B.反意疑問(wèn)句的答句
在回答反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí),我們還是要用yes和no,所遵循的原則是“實(shí)話實(shí)說(shuō)”。也就是說(shuō)不管問(wèn)句是前面肯定后面否定或是前面否定后面肯定,我們只看主干是否屬實(shí)就可以了。另外要注意雖然問(wèn)句前后不一致,但是答句的前半句和后半句必須要一致,不能出現(xiàn)Yes, it isn’t.或者No, I can.之類(lèi)的荒唐句子。還有一點(diǎn)需要同學(xué)們注意的是,答句的時(shí)態(tài)和所選用的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞必須與問(wèn)句相同。例如:
—Tom is a boy’s name, isn’t it? —Yes, it is.—Tom can swim, can’t he? —Yes, he can.四.祈使句
祈使句表示請(qǐng)求、命令、建議等等,其中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一律用原形而且句子中通常不用主語(yǔ)。
1. 肯定的祈使句 A.動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭,例如:
Stand up.起立。Be quiet,please.請(qǐng)安靜。
B.Let引出的祈使句,例如:
Let’s play ball.我們玩球吧。Let me help you.讓我來(lái)幫你。C.如果要加人稱(chēng),人稱(chēng)要用“,”隔開(kāi),例如:
Li Ming,come here.李明,過(guò)來(lái)。2. 否定的祈使句 A.Don’t +動(dòng)詞原形,例如:
Don’t swim in the river.別在河里游泳。Don’t be late.別遲到。
B.表示禁止時(shí),尤其是標(biāo)語(yǔ)等也可用“No+名詞/動(dòng)名詞”來(lái)表示,例如:
No smoking!禁止吸煙!No parking!禁止停車(chē)!
C.Let所引導(dǎo)的祈使句有兩種否定方式
Let’s(us,me)+not +動(dòng)詞原形,例如:
Let’s not say anything about it.對(duì)于這件事,咱們什么也不要說(shuō)。
Don’t let +第三人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格或名詞+動(dòng)詞原形.Don’t let them play with fire.別讓他們玩火。
Don’t let the children touch the medicine.別讓兒童夠著藥物。
3. 祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句 A.一般祈使句后可以加一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句,變?yōu)榉匆庖蓡?wèn)句,使語(yǔ)氣變得客氣一些。
例如:Have a rest , will(won't)you?Stand up , will(won’t)you?
B.但是let有兩種反意疑問(wèn)句
①Let’s表示說(shuō)話人向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh,問(wèn)句用shall we或 shan't we。例如:Let’s go,shall we?咱們?nèi)グ?,怎么樣?②Let me或 Let us表示向聽(tīng)話人提出請(qǐng)求,征求對(duì)方同意,問(wèn)句用 will you或 won’t you.例如:Let us go,will you?讓我們?nèi)グ?,行嗎?/p>
五.感嘆句
感嘆句通常有what, how引導(dǎo),表示贊美、驚嘆、喜 悅、等感情。what修飾名詞,how修飾形容詞,副詞或動(dòng)詞。這部分我們主要解決兩個(gè)問(wèn)題,一是如何區(qū)分what和how,二是如何將普通句改寫(xiě)為感嘆句。
1. what與how的區(qū)分
區(qū)分它們的關(guān)鍵是看到底這句話是對(duì)哪個(gè)成分提出感嘆,但很多同學(xué)都困惑于分析這個(gè)成分,現(xiàn)在我們用一種簡(jiǎn)單的方法來(lái)試試。
例1._______ nice weather it is!例2._______ nice the weather is!例3._______ time flies!首先我們從后往前刪去離感嘆號(hào)最近的一組主謂關(guān)系,然后觀察剩余的部分,如果還有名詞就證明要感嘆的是名詞部分,所以用what;如果沒(méi)有名詞,就證明所感嘆的不是名詞部分,就用how。
但是有一個(gè)問(wèn)題要注意,當(dāng)我們明確感嘆部分是名詞時(shí),還要看好這個(gè)名詞是不是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),如果是的話,要在what的后面加上a/an哦。
例如:_______ nice shirt it is!What a nice shirt it is!2. 改寫(xiě)感嘆句 感嘆句的改寫(xiě)也是有訣竅的,首先確定what和how,然后把它們和它們所修飾的部分一起提前,其他部分保持陳述語(yǔ)序就可以了。
六.There be句型
相信這是一個(gè)大家都非常熟悉的句式了,但是還有兩點(diǎn)需要我們注意。
1. there be句型符合就近原則,離be動(dòng)詞最近的名詞決定be動(dòng)詞的形式,例如:There _____ a river and some trees by the lake.離所填的be動(dòng)詞最近的是a river,所以要用表示單數(shù)的is。
2. there be句型也是有時(shí)態(tài)的,be動(dòng)詞需要根據(jù)時(shí)間,變化為is, are或者was, were。但無(wú)論是哪個(gè),如果后面的動(dòng)詞都應(yīng)該是doing的形式。
第五篇:Therebe句型的用法[定稿]
Therebe句型的用法
作者: 閱讀: 90 時(shí)間: 2010-10-13 15:21:02
一、構(gòu)成:There be...句型表示的是 “某處有(存在)某人或某物”,其結(jié)構(gòu)為T(mén)here be(is,are,was, were)+名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。例如:
There are fifty-two students in our class.There is a pencil in my pencil-case.There was an old house by the river five years ago.二、各種句式:
否定句:There be句型否定句式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣,在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”來(lái)表示。即:no + n.(名詞)= not aanany + n.(名詞)。注意:no + n.(可數(shù)名詞單數(shù))= not aan + n.(可數(shù)名詞單數(shù));no + n.(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))= not any + n.(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù));no + n.(不可數(shù)名詞)= not any + n.(不可數(shù)名詞)。例如:
There is an orange in her bag.→There isn’t an orange in her bag.→There is no orange in her bag.There are some oranges in her bag.→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.→There are no oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.→There isn’t any juice in the bottle.→There is no juice in the bottle.一般疑問(wèn)句:There be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問(wèn)句變化只需把be動(dòng)詞移到句首,再在句尾加上問(wèn)號(hào)即可。例如:
There is some money in her handbag.→ Is there any money in her handbag?(疑問(wèn)句和否定句中,some改為any, something改為anything.)
There is something new in today’s newspaper.→There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper?
特殊疑問(wèn)句:
There be句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句有以下三種形式:
① 對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn):當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí),用 “Who’s + 介詞短語(yǔ)?”;當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí),用 “What’s + 介詞短語(yǔ)?”。其中there在口語(yǔ)中常常省略。注意:無(wú)論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),對(duì)其提問(wèn)時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)決定)。如: There is a bird in the tree.→What’s in the tree? There are some bikes over there.→What’s over there?
There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?
② 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn):用 “Where is are + 主語(yǔ)?”表示(注意其答語(yǔ)變化):例如: There is a computer in my office.→ Where is the computer?----It’s in my office.There are four children in the classroom.→Where are the four children?—They’ re in the classroom.③ 對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn):一般有兩種提問(wèn)方式: 如果主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞,無(wú)論是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),都用“How many +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語(yǔ)?”表示:
There are twelve months in a year.→How many months are there in a year?
There is only one book in my bag.→ How many books are there in your bag?
There is a cat in the box.→ How many cats are there in the box?
如果主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞,則用“ How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語(yǔ)?”表示:
There is some money in my purse.How much money is there in
your purse?
反意疑問(wèn)句:There be或There加其它動(dòng)詞,其反意疑問(wèn)句一律用?there? 例如:
There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there?
There used to be no school here, used there did there?
三、注意事項(xiàng):
1.There be句型中be動(dòng)詞的形式要和其后的主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致。
如果句子的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞,或是不可數(shù)名詞,be動(dòng)詞用“is”“was”。例如:
There is a basketball in the box.There is a little milk in the glass.如果句子的主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,be動(dòng)詞就用“are” “were”。例如: There are many birds in the tree.There were many people in the street yesterday.如果有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞作主語(yǔ),be動(dòng)詞要和最靠近它的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致,也就是我們常說(shuō)的 “就近原則”。例如:
There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.2.There與be中間可插入一些表推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、表時(shí)態(tài)的短語(yǔ)和一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)(如和將來(lái)時(shí)be going to will、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) havehas + pp.、used to結(jié)構(gòu)等連用,注意其構(gòu)成形式,這一內(nèi)容在我們?nèi)粘>毩?xí)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤,是一難點(diǎn),也是歷年中考試題中的一個(gè)考點(diǎn).)。例如:
There must be a pen in the box.There happened to be some money in my pocket.There is going to be a meeting tonight.There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.There used to be a church across from the bank.3.There be句型和havehas的區(qū)別:
There be句型表示 “存在有”, havehas表示 “擁有” “所有”,兩者不能同時(shí)使用.例如:
桌子上有三本書(shū).There are three books on the desk.我有三本書(shū).I have three books.4.There be + 主語(yǔ) + doing +介詞短語(yǔ).例如:
There is a truck collecting rubish outside.There is a wallet lying on the ground.四、練習(xí):Choose the best answers.1.There isn’t _____water in the glass.Let’s go and get some.A.many B.lots C.any D.some 2.There ___a lot of news about Zhang Ziyi on TV last night.A.was B.had C.is D.were 3.There ____ many changes in the village recently.A.is B.are C.have been D.to be
4.---There _______a lot of meat on the plate.Would you like some?
---Just a little, please.A.is B.are C.am D.be
5.There _______ some books, a ballpen and a ruler on the desk.A.is B.are C.have D.has
6.There _______ a ballpen, a ruler and some books on the desk.A.is B.are C.have D.has
7.There is a boy _______at the door.A.stand B.standing C.stood D.is standing
8.---_______is in the house?
---There is an old women in the house.A.What B.Whose C.Who D.Which 9.There used to be a tower here, _____? A.usedn’t it B.used there C.didn’t it D.didn’t there 10.There ____a meeting tonight.A.is going be B.is going to have C.is going to D.is going to be Key 1-5 CACAB 6-10 ABCDD