第一篇：必修五英語第一單元練習(xí)

Unit 1GreatScientists

語言要點

單元要點預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點）詞匯

部分詞語辨析 詞形變化1.2.valuable adj.有價值的value n.價值value v.估價, 評價3.instruct v.教導(dǎo)，命令instruction n.指示，用法說明instructive adj.有益的，教育性的4.enthusiastic adj.熱心的，熱情的enthusiasm n.狂熱，熱心enthusiast n.熱心家，狂熱者重點單詞

attend v.vt.出席, 參加, 照顧, 護理, 注意 vi.專心, 留意

expose vt.使暴露, 受到, 使曝光 v揭露 absorb vt.吸收;使(精神)貫注;吞并 blame n過失, 責(zé)備 vt.責(zé)備, 譴責(zé) instruct vt.教, 教導(dǎo), 命令, 指示, 通知 contribute vi．& vt．捐助，捐獻，貢獻；投稿重點詞組??之外;另外

make sense 有意義重點句1.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.2.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.3.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it ?..重點語法詞語辨析【解釋】

haracteristic 并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?/p>

He proved himself true gentleman and the beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.People living in the city are different from those in the countryside in_________.What are the __________that distinguish the Chinese from the Japanese?

Chinese __________ attract a great number of foreigners all over the world.The main purpose of a play is to let the ________ speak for themselves as much as possible.Keys: 1)character2)character 3)

characteristics 4)character 5)character2).examine/ check /test 檢查【解釋】I was being _______ for a driving license for the third time.2）The doctor _________ him carefully.3）The interviewer always _______ her facts before sending them to the editor.Keys: 1)tested2)examined3)checks3)cure/ treat 治療，【解釋】Keys: 1)treated;cured4)blame/scold 責(zé)備【解釋】責(zé)備；譴責(zé)； 歸咎于指大聲呵斥，責(zé)備，嘮嘮叨叨Don't _______ it on him, but on me.2）The parents ______ the naughty boy and asked him to leave the home at once.Keys: 1)blame 2)scolded5)reject /refuse 拒絕【解釋】’s idea.2）I can’t stand working with Jane in the same office.She just ________to stop talking while she works.Keys: 1)rejected2)refusesII.詞形變化 science n，科學(xué)scientific adj.科學(xué)的scientist n.科學(xué)家announce v．宣布announcement n.宣布announcer n，廣播員，告知者instruct v.．指導(dǎo)，命令instruction n.指導(dǎo)，指示instructive adj.有益的，教育性的練習(xí)The ______ make a(n)________ that all the details should _______ through the broadcast.(announce)

3)It is ______and easy for the children to read some masterpieces with the _______ at the bottom of eachpage.(instruct)

4)“You don’t seem very ______ about the idea.” “I don’t mind,” she said, without much ______.(enthusiasm)

5)There is no any criterion to ______ whether it is _______ information.(value)

keys: 1)scientist;scientific;science 2)announcer;announcement;be announced 3)instructive;instructions

4)enthusiastic;enthusiasm 5)value;valuable Ⅲ．詞匯vi.終結(jié)； 結(jié)束;推斷； 決定 [典例]

1）The meeting concluded at ten o'clock.會議于十點鐘結(jié)束。

2）It is hard to conclude.這很難斷定。[重點用法]

conclusion n.結(jié)束,結(jié)論

make／draw／reach／come to／arrive at a conclusion

bring sth.to a conclusion使?結(jié)束；in conclusion作為結(jié)論，最后；Keys:1)We concluded that the blue team could not reach the destination on time.2)We concluded that he didn’t tell us the truth.That is, he was lying.2.attend v.1)注意；留意(與to連用)2)出席；到場：3)照看；照料：We'll attend to the problem later． 稍后我們將關(guān)注那個問題。Which doctor is attending you? 哪一個醫(yī)生為你看病? [重點用法]

attendance n．出席，出席的人數(shù)，伺候，照料attend school上學(xué)

attend a lecture聽講座attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚禮‘參加典禮Keys: 1)They attended our affairs during our absence.2)He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.3.exposevt.1)使暴露, 顯露2)曝光3)揭露 [重點用法]

exposure n．(在日光、風(fēng)雨、危險中)暴露，暴曬(后接to + n．)；(攝影的)曝光?.置身于??;暴露于?[典例]

1）A real artist can always expose his students to good art and music

稱職的藝術(shù)家總能使學(xué)生接觸美好的藝術(shù)和音樂 2）This film has been exposed.這片子已經(jīng)感光。3）He exposed the plan to the newspapers.他向幾家報紙透露了這個計劃。

4）Exposure to the cold wind left my lips feeling dry．我暴露在寒風(fēng)中，覺得嘴唇干裂。

As a journalist in the war, she was exposed to many dangers.作為戰(zhàn)地記者,她置身于多種危險中.[練習(xí)]用expose的恰當(dāng)形式填空。

1）The soil was washed away by the flood，_____________bare rock．

2The baby was left ____________the wind and rain．3The _____________of the plot against the President probably saved his life．Keys: 1)exposing2)exposed to3)exposure 4.absorb

1)吸收2)使(精神)貫注3)占用(時間)[重點用法]

be absorbed in 全神貫注于;熱衷于;absorb one’s attention吸引某人注意力 [典例]

1）The equipment can absorb moisture from the air這一設(shè)備能從空中吸收水分

2）He is absorbed in study.他專心讀書。3）This job absorbs all of my time.這件工作占用了我的全部時間。[練習(xí)] 漢譯英

顏色豐富的東西總能輕易地吸引孩子們的注意力。__________________________________________________________________________________________ 這雙新鞋特別設(shè)計了吸收能量的作用。

__________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1)Things in colour can often absorb children’s attention easily.2)The new shoes are specially designed to absorb the energy.5.blame vt．責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；歸咎于；．責(zé)；(過失、過錯)責(zé)任

The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday．

那個粗心的司機該為昨天發(fā)生的交通事故負責(zé)。Who is to blame for the failure?誰該為這次的失敗負責(zé)?

The student blamed the teacher for his failure．學(xué)生因失敗而怪老師。blame sb．for(doing)sth．因(做)某事而指責(zé)某人

blame sth．on sb．因某事而指責(zé)某人

sb．be to blame for(doing)sth．因(做)某事某人應(yīng)

注意: be to blame 應(yīng)負責(zé)(無被動形式)。

Keys: 1)It seemed that the water was to blame.2)Nobody is to blame for it.3)He blames you for neglect of duty.6.instruct vt教導(dǎo);指示

[典例]

1）Miss Liu instructed a class in math last year.劉老師去年給一個班學(xué)生上數(shù)學(xué)課.2）The volunteers often go to an orphan home to instruct orphans.in English

這些志愿者經(jīng)常去孤兒之家去教他們英語.3）He was instructed when to start through the email.他從郵件中得到出發(fā)時間的通知

4）He was instructed to sail for New York.他奉命前往紐約。[重點用法]

instruct sb.(in sth.)教, 教導(dǎo),傳授技能 instruct sb.to do;instruct wh-命令, 指示, instruct that-clause通知 [練習(xí)] 漢譯英

1）老職工對青年職工言傳身教.__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2）同時要求孩子們放學(xué)后留在教室里.__________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1)The old workers instruct the young workers not only in words, but by deeds.2)The children were also instructed not to leave the classroom after class.7.contribute vi．&vt．捐助，捐獻，貢獻；投稿 He contributed to the church．

2）He often contributes to this newspaper．他經(jīng)常向這家報社投稿。Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to cancer． [重點用法]

contribution.n.捐獻，貢獻；投稿contribute?to ?向??捐獻(投稿)contribute to?促成，起作用，有助于

make a contribution to／towards向??捐贈；對?作出貢獻

以上短語中to為介詞；

1)Everyone is encouraged to ___________ the discussion.2)Her work has ___________ our understanding of this difficult subject.3)She has __________ poems to literary

magazines．Keys:1)contribute to2)contributed to3)contributed

Ⅳ重點詞組（旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）1．put forward(建議等)；推薦某人或自己任職位；提名

He put forward a new plan yesterday．

2）May I put your name forward as a p【新編資料】2013-2014學(xué)年高中英語（新人教版 必修五）導(dǎo)學(xué)案：Unit1 Great Scientists（33頁）

第二篇：高二英語必修五練習(xí)

Unit 1 Great scientists

一、單詞拼寫（須用本單元的單詞和詞匯）

1.This new e _______________for the car works well.2.The farmers in this area had a good harvest last year thanks to the s______________ farming.3.The doctor had my eyes e _____________for weakening.4.The meeting c________________ at eight o'clock.5.They were d _______________ in their attempt（企圖）to reach the top of the mountain.6.The little brave girl e _________________ the crime（罪行）of the criminal（罪犯）。

7.He was a____________________ in the book.8.He b ____________________ me for my negligence（疏忽大意）。

9.I think you are too s_________________ on the boy.10.He finished his work in a p__________________ way.11.We must try to a________________the causes of the strike.12.He became e__________________ about classical music.13.He has c____________________the whole job already.14.Be c_________________ when you cross the street.15.You should not r_________________ the invitation from your old friend.16.The class needs a s__________________ teacher.17.Kindness is one of the prime minister's c __________________.二、短語翻譯

1.提出

____________________

2.得出結(jié)論____________________

3.也，另外___________________

4.將……和……連接起來_____________

5.對……嚴(yán)格的____________________

6.有意義______________________

7.通向，導(dǎo)致___________________

8.繼續(xù)工作____________________

三、完成句子

1.除了這些理由以外，他無話可說了

______________ ___________these reasons，he said nothing.2.我們的英語老師對我們要求嚴(yán)格。

Our English teacher_____________ __________ ___________us.3.讓我們一起去聽來自北京大學(xué)的李教授的演講

Let's _________the lecture by professor Li from Beijing University.4.他的粗心大意的駕駛導(dǎo)致了這起嚴(yán)重的交通事故。

His careless driving _________ ____________the serious traffic accident.5.他捐贈食物和衣服給紅十字會。

He _____________food and clothing __________the Red Cross.Unit 2 The United Kingdom 詞匯專項練習(xí)

一、單詞拼寫（須用本單元的單詞和詞匯）

1.The common interests u_________________ the two countries.2.The class ___________________of（組成）56 members.3.Our class is d_______________ into two groups during the discussion.4.What he said in the meeting p______________________ all of us.5.The bad ______________（影響）of the flood is that no people are dared to swim in that river.6.The c_______________ of transportation in this area brings hope to this mountain village.7.Her beautiful singing drew the a_____________ of the professor.8.The film “Hero” has much a________________ for the youth.9.The habit of c____________________ stamps benefit him a lot.10.U______________ is a particular type of clothing worn by all the members of a group or organization such as the police，the army，etc.二、短語翻譯

1.將……分成_____________________

2.省去；漏掉_______________________

3.令人吃驚的是____________________

4.脫離_________________________

三、完成句子

1.If you continue working like that，your body will________ _______（垮下來）。

2.Their____________（婚禮）will__________ _____________（舉行）in May.3.這道數(shù)學(xué)題把小明給難住了，無論他怎么努力也無法計算出正確的答案。

This maths problem ___________Xiaoming.No matter how hard he tried，he couldn't _________ ___________ the right answer

4.陳水扁想把臺灣從中國分裂出去的企圖永遠不可能得逞。

Chen Shuibian's attempt to __________Taiwan ________ ___________China could not be achieved forever.5.未來，地鐵將會逐步取代公共汽車成為人們的主要交通工具。

The underground will_______ _______ _______ _______the bus to become the main vehicle for the people in the future.6.我們沒有必要再浪費時間討論去哪兒度假了，因為計劃已取消了。

There is ______ __________ that we'll waste time discussing where to go for our holiday，for the plan has been cancelled.7.很使我感到高興的是，父親給我買了一臺電腦作為生日禮物。

__________ to my joy，F(xiàn)ather bought me a computer _______ a birthday gift

8.托尼踢足球時，他的腿受傷了。

Tonny ________one of his legs _______when playing football.9.今天下午教室里竟然一個人也沒有，真是奇怪。

_______ _______ __________that there shouldn't have been any student in the classroom.Unit 3 Life in the future I.Vocabulary 1.Two men are a______________the police in their enquires.2.You will be r_______________to assist Mrs Smith in preparing a report.3.Take two of the t_________________three times daily before meals.4.Decide what you want to do, don?t just i________________ others.5.A new factory is to be l______________________ in the city center.6.His first speech as president made a strong i_________________ on his audience.7.Applicants for the job must have p________________ experience.8.He?s c_______________disturbing me.9.I r____________her how much the fare was.II.Useful Phrases 1.接受_______________________ 2.立刻，馬上__________________ 3.消失，看不見__________________ 4.打掃，橫掃___________________ 5.突然看見____________________ 6.有可能______________________ III.Complete the following sentences according to the texts.1.___________ ___________(擔(dān)心)the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.2.As a result, I ___________ ___________（遭受）“time lag”.3.This ___________ ___________ ___________(與…相似)the “jet lag” you get when flying.4.I found later that their leaves __________ the house __________（給…提供）much –needed oxygen.5.They are purple or blue and the colour changes ___________ ___________（取決于，依賴于）their mood.6.Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the ___________ ___________(缺乏)fresh air.Part 4 Multiple Choice 1.Soon we lost sight of that famous astronomer _________ himself LiQiang.A.called

B.calling C.to call D.call 2.______________ from the heart trouble for years, he has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A.Suffered B.Suffering

C.Having suffered D.Being suffered 3.Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to school.A.lacked

B lacking of

C.lack of D.lacking 4.One island and two lakes _______________ the country.A.make up B.makes up of C.is made up of D.consists of

5.___________ in her skirt, the little girl tried to make herself ___________ at the party.A.Dressed;notice B.Dressing;noticed C.Dressed;noticed D.Dressing;noticing

6.He is the only one of the students who _________________ a winner of scholarship for three years.A.is

B.are

C.have been

D.had been 7.She was glad to have a comfortable chair ________________.A.sit

B.to sit

C.sitting D.to sit in

8.The university wants its undergraduates to _______ a regional language, if time permits A.take up

B.take after

C.take on

D.take over 9.Generally speaking, when_______ according to the directions, the medicine has no side effect.A.taken

B.taking

C.to take

D.to be taken 10.Information has been published_______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.which

B.what

C.that

D.when 11.In the traffic accident, his father came close to________.A.be killed

B.being killed

C.kill

D.killing 12.There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.A.making

B.to make

C.to have made

D.having made

Unit 4 Making the news 詞匯專項練習(xí)

一、單詞拼寫（須用本單元的單詞和詞匯）

1.After graduation he took an o______________ as a teacher in the city.2.An expert is a man who is engaged in p______________ business.3.All his c______________ who work with him in the same factory are all ready to help others.4.You should c_____________ on your work when you study.5.We also can a__________________ knowledge during playing.6.He hit me on the head with a ball d_____________ which made me very angry.7.He felt g________________ after he stole some money from the old couple.8.He worked as a e________________ in that newspaper.9.She graduated from English d__________________ of Beijing University.10.Don't just say almost，nearly……，what we need is a____________ number.11.Before marrying，they always made an a ___________ in that park.12.Her father will never a_____________of her marriage to you.二、短語翻譯

1.全神貫注于____________

2.因……指責(zé)或控告_____________

3.為了（做……）______________

4.依靠；依賴_________________________________________

5.傳遞______________________________________________

6.從事于____________________________________________

三、完成句子

1.They found that cave_________ _________（意外地, 偶然地）。

2.They are all________ ____________that idea（反對）。

3.You should concentrate yourselves on the class and avoid ________ ________.4.The famous professor has been __________ _________（指控）stealing his student's ideas and publishing them.5.What the government has done this year will be of________ _______（對… 有益）all the citizens living in Guangzhou.6.___________ had they got to the airport __________（一…就）the plane took off.Unit 5 First aid 詞匯專項練習(xí)

一、單詞拼寫（須用本單元的單詞和詞匯）

1.The lung is an o________________ and so is the heart.2.He tried to kill himself by taking p_________________.3.He has gone to the hospital for special t__________________.4.I was only m_______________ interested in the story I read in the newspaper.5.Her ankle s_____________ after the fall.6.Her foot was very s_________________ after the accident.7.I can't s______________________ toothpaste out of the tube.8.What is the typical s______________________ of SARS？

9.She is suffering from a lung i___________________.10.He p________ a silver cup to the winner.11.Did you attend your uncle's wedding c__________________.12.An a________________ is a vehicle for taking people to and from hospital.13.A b_______________ is a long strip of cloth which is covered around a wounded part of someone's body to protect or support it.14.The streets in the centre of the city were c__________up with traffic because of an accident.15.The storm did a lot of d______________ to the building and crops in Hunan province.二、短語翻譯

1.阻止（某人）做……___________________________

2.觸感________________________________

3.擠出；榨出____________________________

4.在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢胈_____________________________

5.反復(fù)，多次____________________________

6.開展，執(zhí)行___________________________________

7.找到___________________________________

8.許多，大量______________________________

9.自豪_________________________________

10.砍掉，砍伐____________________________

三、完成句子

1.He suddenly________ _________ __________ _______（昨晚他突然病了）。

2.Sunglasses can_______ ________ ________ _________ the sun' s rays（保護我們的眼睛免受……）。

3.You may __________ ______________（燙傷）by hot liquids.4.First degree burns __________ ___________when they are pressed（變成白色）。

參考答案1：

一、1.engine 2.character 3.scientific 4.examined 5.concluded

6.defended 7.exposed 8.absorbed 9.blamed 10.severe

11.positive 12.analyse 13.enthusiastic 14.completed 15.spin

16.cautious 17.reject 18.view 19.movement 20.strict 21.characteristics

22.concluded 23.expose 24.valuable 25.enthusiastic 26.defeat

27.absorbed 28.cures 29.virus 30.analyse

二、1.steam engine 2.put forward 3.draw a conclusion 4.in addiction

5.link…to

6.be strict with 7.make sense 8.lead to 9.point of view work on

三、1.Apart from 2.is strict with 3.attend 4.led to 5.contributed to 參考答案2：

一、1.united 2.consists 3.divided 4.puzzled 5.influence

6.convenience 7.attention 8.attraction 9.collecting 10.industrial

11.convenience 12.attraction 13.puzzle 14.uniform 15.suggestion

16.thrilled 17.splendid 18.debating 19.influence 20.construct

二、1.divide…into 2.The Union Jack 3.leave out

4.to one?s surprise 5.break away from

三、1.puzzle 2.project of protecting 3.arranging 4.break down

5.wedding take place 6.puzzle ； work out 7.which； tourist attraction

8.break away from 9.take the place of 10.are debating about

11.rising； setting 12.for the second time 13.looked around； putting

14.in sight 15.moved to； installed 16.no need； cancelled

17.referred to 18.Much； as 19.had hurt 20.It was strange Unit 3 Life in the future 參考答案3 Part 1

1.assisting

2.required

3.tablets

4.imitate

5.located

6.impression 7.previous

8.constantly

9.reminded Part 2

1.take up 2.in no time 3.lose sight of

4.sweep up 5.catch sight of 6.It is likely that Part 3

1.Worried about

2.suffered from

3.is similar to

4.provided;with 5.depending on

6.Confused;lack of Part 4 Multiple Choice 1-5 BCDAC 6-10 ADAAC 11-12 BB Unit 4參考答案4：

一、1.occupation 2.professional

3.colleague

4.concentrate 5.acquire

6.deliberately 7.guilty

8.editor

9.department 10.accurate

11.appointment

12.approve

二、1.Concentrate …on

2.accuse…of 3.so as to 4.depend on

5.pass on

6.work on

三、1.by accident/chance 2.opposite to 3.defend ； against

4.accused of 5.benefit to 6.Hardly； when

Unit 5

一、1.organ

2.poison

3.treatment

4.mildly

5.swelled

6.swollen

7.squeeze

8.symptom

9.infection 10.presented

11.ceremory 12.ambulance 13.bandage

14.choked 15.damage

二、1.prevent sb from doing sth 2.sense of touch 3.squeeze out 4.in place

5.over and over again 6.carry out 7.put one?s hands on

8.a number of 9.be proud of 10.cut off

三、1.fell ill last night 2.protect our eyes from

3.get burnt

4.turn white

第三篇：高二英語必修五第一單元導(dǎo)學(xué)案[模版]

Unit 1 Words and expressions 預(yù)習(xí)案

TaskⅠ詞性變化

1.science(n.)科學(xué) → _____________(adj.)科學(xué)的 →____________(n.)科學(xué)家 2.conclude(vt.& vi.)結(jié)束;推斷出 → _______________(n.)結(jié)論;結(jié)束 3.analyse(vt.)分析 → __________(n.)分析

4.attend(vt.)照顧;護理;出席;參加 → _____________(n.)出席, 到場;看護;照料

5._____________(n.)醫(yī)生，內(nèi)科醫(yī)師 → physics(n.)物理學(xué)

6.expose(vt.)暴露;揭露;使曝光 →________________(n.)暴露;曝曬;揭發(fā) 7.foresee(vt)___________(過去式)– ____________(過去分詞)預(yù)見，預(yù)知 8.pollute(vt.)污染;弄臟 → ______________(n.)污染

9.announce(vt.)宣布;通告 → _________________(n.)宣布;通告

10.instruct(vt.)命令;指示;教導(dǎo) →_________________(n.)命令;指示

11.responsible(adj.)有責(zé)任的，負責(zé)的 → _______________(n.)責(zé)任，職責(zé)，義務(wù)

12.construct(vt.)建設(shè)，修建 → ________________(n.)建設(shè)，建筑物

13.contribute(vt & vi.)捐獻，貢獻，捐助 → ____________(n.)貢獻，捐獻，投稿

14.creative(adj)有創(chuàng)造力的，創(chuàng)造性的，獨創(chuàng)的 →____________(vt)創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作 15.put ___________ 提出

16._______ conclusion（=to conclude）最后

17.expose ?_______?（be _________ to）使顯露，暴露

18.cure sb.__________? 治愈某人??

19.absorb oneself ________ ?(be _____________ in?)全神貫注于?? 20.suspect sb._______? 疑心某人犯有??

21.blame sb.________ sth.因某事兒責(zé)備某人

22.blame sth.________ sb.把某事怪到某人頭上

23.be ______ _________(for..)(因??)應(yīng)受責(zé)備，應(yīng)負責(zé)人 24.be responsible _____?

對??負責(zé)

25.contribute ______有助于??，捐獻

26.apart _______ 除??之外，此外

27.(be)strict _______? 對??嚴(yán)格

講學(xué)案

重點詞匯學(xué)習(xí).閱讀并翻譯下列句子,體會其用法的不同,并進行歸納總結(jié).1.conclude

e.g ①The meeting concluded without an agreement.②He concluded his speech with some amusing remarks.③ He concluded from the evidence that she was guilty.④You should think twice before making the decision.Don’t jump to conclusion.⑤He _______ the conclusion that the room must have been empty.【拓展】你知道“得出結(jié)論”有幾種表達方式嗎? _________________________________________________________________________ 2.attend

He did not attend the meeting yesterday.出席會議______________ 聽演講______________參加婚禮____________上學(xué)_____________去教堂_________ There was no one to attend(on)him but Tina.伺候/照料_____________ Who will attend(to)the patient if you go out?

I’ll attend to that problem later.照料，處理，專心于________________ ★【拓展】你知道“參加”有幾種表達方式嗎?他們有什么不同嗎? ___________________________________________________________________________ 試辨別: They had a quiet wedding ─only a few friends ______ it.A.joined

B.attended

C.took part

D.join in 3.cure

The medicine should cure you of your cold.e.g①Parents try to cure their children of bad habits.②An effective cure for cancer has not yet been found.歸納:_______________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 【拓展延伸】辨別treat/cure The doctor _______ her cancer with a new medicine but didn’t _______ her.The doctor ______ her broken leg now.The doctor ______ the patient of his illness.4.absorb Clever children absorb knowledge easily.譯為______________ Aspirin is quickly absorbed by /into the body.譯為_____________ The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.______ The writer was absorbed in his writing.__________________ 5.blame He blamed his brother for breaking the window.The driver was not to blame for the accident.Don’t always put the blame for your failure on others.You must bear/take the blame for the accident.6.contribute The writer personally contributed$10,000 to the earthquake fund.He offered to contribute to the Red Cross.She had contributed to a newspaper.Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.He made great contributions to the film industry.固學(xué)案：即學(xué)活用

1.____ _______________, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself.最后, 我想說說我過得有多么愉快。

2.From what he said, we have ______ _______ ______________ __________ they want to hold a party to celebrate their success.根據(jù)他所說的話, 我們斷定他們想舉行宴會來慶祝勝利。

3.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。

If you expose yourself to sun for too much time, you will get sunburnt.→If you _____ ____________ ____sun for too much time, you will get sunburnt.→___________ ______sun for too much time, you will get sunburnt.（用分詞短語作原因狀語）4.Because John ____ __________ ____ his work, he forgot to inform him of it.由于專心工作, 約翰忘記通知他這件事。

______ ______ his work , John forgot to inform him of it.(用分詞短語作原因狀語改寫上句)5.一句多譯。(對比填空)她把婚姻的失敗歸咎于他。

① She _________ him _____ the failure of their marriage.(blame v.)②She _________ the failure of their marriage ___ him.(blame v.）

6.We consider that ______ _____ _____ ___ __________.我們認(rèn)為你不應(yīng)該受責(zé)備。7.Who _____ __________ a theory about black holes? 誰提出了黑洞理論?

8.What he did ___________ ______his success greatly.他所做的一切對他的成功很有助益。9.除了這些理由以外，他無話可說了

______________ ___________these reasons，he said nothing.10.我們的英語老師對我們要求嚴(yán)格。

Our English teacher_____________ __________ ___________us.11.讓我們一起去聽來自北京大學(xué)的李教授的演講

Let's _____________the lecture by professor Li from Beijing University.12.他的粗心大意的駕駛導(dǎo)致了這起嚴(yán)重的交通事故。

His careless driving _________ ____________the serious traffic accident.13.他捐贈食物和衣服給紅十字會。

He _____________food and clothing __________the Red Cross.

第四篇：必修五第一單元知識梳理

必修五第一單元知識梳理

林教頭風(fēng)雪山神廟

一、字音

迤邐yǐlǐ赍發(fā)jī酒饌zhuàn倉廒áo尷尬gāngà髭須zī央浼měi搠倒shu?提防dī剜肉wān模樣mú彤云t?ng瑕疵xiá遐邇xiá閑暇xiá洗漱shù干嗽s?u玷污diàn 拈輕怕重niān掇拾duō筆耕不輟chu?逶迤wēiyí恁地nan惡了高俅wù 一宿xiǔ差撥chāi投奔ban勇挑重擔(dān)tiāo不省人事xǐng恐嚇ha巷道hàng骨朵gū強拉硬拽zhuài 汁水zhī漿洗縫補jiāng

沽酒gū揣度chuǎi掙揣zhangchuài 懷內(nèi)揣了牛肉chuāi噎yē 扯皮chě稟報bǐng饒恕ráoshù肐察gē羹湯gēng

二、字形

消耗盤纏市井碎瓊亂玉狐疑走卒搭膊天理昭然 氈笠包裹籬笆紛紛揚揚朔風(fēng)牒文尷尬交頭接耳 救濟喝彩滄州滄海桑田陷害刺配親眷漿洗縫補 渾家應(yīng)承穿梭伏侍不暇干礙連累時辰頂禮膜拜 疑惑妨礙消耗前街后巷叫喚抬舉絮煩彤云密布 包裹周遭鑰匙神明庇佑分付差遣籬笆必必剝剝?nèi)鹧┍懶馗吒[迸出冤仇搭膊草莽英雄風(fēng)馳電掣

三、作家：施耐庵

元末明初的文學(xué)家。自幼聰明好學(xué)，才氣過人，事親至孝，為人仗義。曾考中進士，做過兩年官，后來棄官回鄉(xiāng)閑居，從事寫作。代表作《水滸傳》。

2．環(huán)境描寫：

（1）描寫的方式： ①直接描寫風(fēng)雪。

②通過環(huán)境描寫襯托風(fēng)雪。

③通過人物的動作、感覺襯托風(fēng)雪。（2）描寫的作用：

①風(fēng)雪為人物的活動渲染了悲涼的氣氛。林沖剛到草料場，“卻早紛紛揚揚卷下一天大雪來”，說明矛盾沖突正在醞釀；沽酒時，“那雪正下得緊”，預(yù)示氣氛趨于緊張；林沖夜宿山神廟里，那雪“越下得緊”，烘托出高潮的來臨。

②風(fēng)雪也為情節(jié)的發(fā)展提供一定的條件：正是因為風(fēng)雪，林沖才想喝酒驅(qū)寒，才會在買酒的途中看到山神廟；草屋被風(fēng)雪壓塌，林沖才到山神廟夜宿，因此才和陸謙等人相遇，洞悉高俅對自己的迫害，最終奮起反抗。風(fēng)雪可以說是故事發(fā)展的重要因素。③烘托出林沖孤獨，悲壯，勇敢的英雄形象。

裝在套子里的人

一、字音

削鉛筆xiāo剝削xuē瘦削xuē削足適履xuē 降服xiáng降落jiàng 蒙蔽méngɡ蒙騙mēngɡ 暖和huo膽怯qiè驚嚇xià恫嚇d?nghè憎惡zēngwù貝殼ké孤僻pì慫恿sǒngɡ禁閉jìn搓手cuō 游說shuì譏誚qiào郁悶yù祈禱qí轄制xiá滑稽jī 契訶夫qìhē揉搓r?u雜糅r?u蹂躪r?u難堪kān勘察kān戡亂kān俠肝義膽xiá 挾持xi?狹窄xiá車篷p?ng盡管jǐn 筋疲力盡jīn喪葬sāng垂頭喪氣sàng陶冶yě促狹鬼cùxiá

二、字形

《水滸》也稱《水滸傳》、《忠義水滸傳》，一般簡稱《水滸》。中國四大古典名著之膽怯憎惡辯護祈禱慎重純粹妥當(dāng)安分守己唉聲嘆氣一?！端疂G傳》故事性強，情節(jié)緊張、生動，引人入勝，語言簡練，是在口語基礎(chǔ)上經(jīng)禁閉轄制吃葷周濟帳子陶冶情操戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢通宵達旦 過加工提煉的文學(xué)語言。慫恿噩夢蒼白孤僻原籍撮合難堪興高采烈沒精打采

《水滸》是我國文學(xué)史上第一部以農(nóng)民起義為題材的優(yōu)秀長篇章回小說。這部是作搓手哆嗦荒唐譏誚素來悶氣讒言漆黑一團心神不定 者在民間傳說、話本、雜劇的基礎(chǔ)上創(chuàng)作而成的，它生動地描寫了一支以宋江為首的梁喉嚨忠告消遣無聊恐怖漲紅清脆心慌意亂乒乒乓乓山泊農(nóng)民起義的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展經(jīng)過、直至失敗的過程，歌頌了以宋江為首的起義英雄的反滑稽揉皺墓園憂郁郁悶埋葬亂糟糟安然無恙陰險狠毒 抗斗爭精神，深刻地揭示了“官逼民反”的社會根源，揭露北宋王朝朝政的黑暗腐敗。衙門煩惱孤獨怪僻禮尚往來下綴題名不祥之兆言之不詳

四、小說的基本內(nèi)容和藝術(shù)特色

1．人物形象：林沖——首先，他安分守己，忍辱負重，隨遇而安。其次，他正直，三、作家：契訶夫 善良，有狹肝義膽；同時又剛猛激烈，嫉惡如仇。最后，細心、縝密也是林沖性格的一個重要方面。

契訶夫(1860-1904)，俄國19世紀(jì)末期批判現(xiàn)實主義作家，以短篇小說和戲劇著稱于世。他的作品揭露了沙皇政府對人民的殘酷壓榨和剝削，諷刺庸俗腐朽的市儈習(xí)氣，第1頁高三2000，雙，14-03-28第2頁

同情被侮辱與被損害的“小人物”。他八十年代開始創(chuàng)作，九十年代是他創(chuàng)作的盛期。他的代表作品有中篇小說《第六病室》，短篇小說《小公務(wù)員之死》《變色龍》《裝在套子里的人》等。

契訶夫的這篇小說發(fā)表于1898年，它通過別里科夫這個文學(xué)形象反映了十九世紀(jì)末期俄國的社會生活。

十九世紀(jì)末期，在俄國正是無產(chǎn)階級革命的前夜，工人運動逐漸展開，馬克思主義已在全國傳播，工人階級的政黨正在形成，一場革命風(fēng)暴即將到來。沙皇政府面臨著日益高漲的革命運動形勢，極力加強反動統(tǒng)治，瘋狂鎮(zhèn)壓人民，在全國造成了陰沉郁悶的氣氛。沙皇政府的忠實衛(wèi)道者，也極力維護沙皇的反動統(tǒng)治。他們死守著舊有的陣地，仇視和反對一切新鮮事物。這種人不但出現(xiàn)在官場上，而且也出現(xiàn)在知識界。

小說里的別里科夫正反映了這些人的靈魂。

掠水越山luè吠著fai蜈蚣wúgōng腦殼k?輕薄b?即刻jí

拌和bànhuò 磺炭huáng扛凳子káng力能扛鼎gāng洞硝dòngxiāo嘍羅l?uluo沅水yuán怏怏yàng強橫hang捏niē抿嘴mǐn 嗤笑chī攏岸lǒng惦著diàn嗚咽ya祈求qí蘊藉jia鞭笞chī唾棄tu?矯揉造作jiǎo劫難nàn壓榨zhà莞爾一笑wǎn

二、字形

接壤伶俐干燥緩促短漿纏裹吶喊助威委托穩(wěn)當(dāng)蹤跡娼妓吵嚷停泊粗鄙流蘇朦朦朧朧歇憩笑瞇瞇 濕淋淋渡船氣吁吁欺侮放肆廢纜狗咬呂洞賓——不識好人心 赤裸裸驚訝生疏平淡無奇肩臂炮仗急促流瀉世外桃源 儼然角隅拮據(jù)不加檢點笑嘻嘻眺望景致稀罕船艙

四、小說的基本內(nèi)容和藝術(shù)特色

諷刺是用漫畫或嘲諷的語言描繪刻畫對象，以達到否定和貶斥的效果。課文中的諷刺有以下一些特色：

① 夸張的語言和漫畫式的勾勒。如大熱天穿雨鞋帶雨傘，穿暖和的棉大衣，從樓上摔下卻安然無恙。反映人物的迂腐可笑。

② 揭示人物荒謬的生活邏輯。如別里科夫?qū)⒔處燆T自行車與學(xué)生用腦袋走路聯(lián)系起來，反映他腐朽落后，害怕變革的思想。

③ 含蓄的對比。如別里科夫轄制著全城，人們都戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢，反過來他自己又是戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢不能入睡。這些描繪和刻畫真是入木三分，暴露和批判了別里科夫腐朽丑惡的靈魂。

除了諷刺以外，作者還用了一些傳神的細節(jié)來表現(xiàn)人物。

三、作家：沈從文

沈從文（1902--1988），湖南鳳凰人，我國現(xiàn)代小說家、散文家、文物研究家。沈從文的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作宏富，數(shù)量驚人，有小說、散文、文論、自傳等文集70多種，是我國現(xiàn)代文學(xué)史上最多產(chǎn)的作家之一。

其中最引人注目的，是他的一系列以湘西為背景的小說，短篇小說《丈夫》、《貴生》、《三三》；中篇小說《邊城》、長篇小說《長河》是其中的代表作。

四、小說的基本內(nèi)容和藝術(shù)特色

1．《邊城》情節(jié)梗概：在湘西風(fēng)光秀麗、人情質(zhì)樸的邊遠小城，生活著靠擺渡為生的祖孫二人。外公年逾七十，仍很健壯；孫女翠翠十五歲，情竇初開。他們熱情助人，純樸善良。兩年前在端午節(jié)賽龍舟的盛會上，翠翠邂逅當(dāng)?shù)卮偟男鹤觾筒⑾矚g上了他。儺送的哥哥天保喜歡美麗清純的翠翠，托人求親，而地方上的王團總也看上儺送，邊城

一、字音

氽著tǔn伶俐línglì戍軍shù戊戌wùxū頸項jǐng脖頸gěng

泅水qiú儺送nu?蚱蜢zhàměng鞶鼓pán悖時bai敞坪píng情愿以碾坊做陪嫁把女兒嫁給儺送。儺送不要，想娶翠翠為妻，寧愿作個擺渡人。于是糍粑cíbā碧溪岨jū作揖yī通緝jī編輯jí干燥zào兄弟倆相約唱歌求婚，讓翠翠選擇。天保知道翠翠喜歡儺送之后，為了成全弟弟，外出暴躁zào聒噪guōzào窮兵黷武dú褻瀆dú牛犢dú文牘dú 闖灘，遇意外而死。儺送覺得對哥哥的死有責(zé)任，拋下翠翠出走他鄉(xiāng)。外公因翠翠的婚買櫝還珠dú 踹水chuài揣測chuǎi惴惴不安zhuì 湍急tuān瑞雪ruì 事操心擔(dān)憂，在風(fēng)雨之夜去世。留下翠翠孤獨地守著渡船，癡心等著儺送歸來，“這個茶峒d?ng燜飯man竹篁huáng涎皮賴臉xián 儼然yǎn荸薺bíqí 人也許永遠不回來了，也許明天回來”。以訛傳訛?箍桶匠gū瑜伽yújiā骷髏kūl?u賬簿bù鎮(zhèn)筸gān 主題：贊美邊城生活的質(zhì)樸、純真和人與人之間純潔的愛；批判物欲泛濫的現(xiàn)代文袒露lù袈裟jiāshā飛鐃náo艄公shāo桑椹shan睨 nì 明，拜金主義的淺薄庸俗和腐化墮落的現(xiàn)實；呼吁重建民族的美好品德和人格。蘸酒zhàn吶喊 nà鐺鐺dānɡ老鸛河ɡuàn埋mán怨碧溪岨jū 2．藝術(shù)特色：小說的語言樸素、飽滿，不晦澀、不雕飾。這樣的語言風(fēng)格，非常擂鼓léi打擂lèi踹chuài水角隅yú歇憩qì船舷xián適合表現(xiàn)邊城人古樸、自然的生活，并且從中透露出田園詩情。如描寫賽龍舟的場面、喧闐tián一千槌chuí咝咝sī應(yīng)和yìngha諂媚chǎn喁喁私語yú掙扎zhēng掙脫zhang絆倒bàn沒心沒肺m?i沒齒不忘m?沒羽箭m?

敘述翠翠和儺送相遇的情節(jié)，描寫抬花轎的情景等，都突出地體現(xiàn)了小說的語言風(fēng)格。

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第五篇：語文必修五 單元綜述(第一單元)

第一單元

話題點擊

本單元是小說單元，共包括四篇小說：《林教頭風(fēng)雪山神廟》《裝在套子里的人》《邊城》《哦，香雪》。

閱讀小說要注意小說的三要素，即人物、情節(jié)和環(huán)境，通過對三要素的把握和對小說寫作目的及寫作背景的學(xué)習(xí)理解小說的主旨。

人物是小說中最為重要的部分，對人物的褒貶、好惡往往直接揭示小說的主題。如《裝在套子里的人》一文，通過對別里科夫的刻畫，顯示了作者對他的諷刺與批判，表達了作者對封建沙皇統(tǒng)治的不滿和反抗，而《邊城》則通過對翠翠祖孫倆以及順順等人的刻畫，表現(xiàn)了作者對古老的淳樸的民風(fēng)的喜愛和向往之情。

故事情節(jié)一般分序幕、開端、發(fā)展、高潮、結(jié)局、尾聲幾個部分，人物的性格的刻畫、主題的揭示都離不開故事情節(jié)?！读纸填^風(fēng)雪山神廟》通過波瀾起伏、曲折跌宕的情節(jié)展示了林沖由委曲求全、逆來順受到忍無可忍、奮起反抗的性格發(fā)展過程，進而揭示了小說的“官逼民反”的主題。

環(huán)境分為自然環(huán)境和社會環(huán)境。環(huán)境描寫對主題一般起突出、強化作用，對人物的性格起烘托熏染的作用。《林教頭風(fēng)雪山神廟》中那漫天的風(fēng)雪很好地烘托了林沖的性格和心情，推動了故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展，深化了文章的主題?！杜?，香雪》則通過對大山深處小山村的閉塞落后的環(huán)境（社會環(huán)境）的刻畫揭示了香雪等少女對開放、文明世界的追求的原因和作者對她們這種追求的肯定和贊美。

小說的寫作背景和寫作目的對我們理解小說的主旨有必要的補充說明的作用。學(xué)法導(dǎo)航

學(xué)習(xí)本單元小說應(yīng)通過對小說的人物形象、故事情節(jié)和環(huán)境描寫的刻畫去分析，去了解小說的主題。

分析人物形象應(yīng)注意刻畫人物形象的方法，主要有正面描寫（包括肖像描寫、服飾描寫、語言描寫、動作描寫、心理描寫等）和側(cè)面烘托兩種方法，另外還要注意細節(jié)描寫的作用，有時看似不經(jīng)意的一處細節(jié)描寫，正是作者匠心獨運之處，也可能是展現(xiàn)人物性格、體現(xiàn)作 品主題的重要一筆。

在情節(jié)設(shè)計上，應(yīng)注意作者設(shè)計情節(jié)的巧妙之處，體會這樣設(shè)計情節(jié)的用意和它對于刻畫人物性格突出小說主題的作用，學(xué)習(xí)用情節(jié)設(shè)計的方法來指導(dǎo)自己的寫作實踐。

對于環(huán)境描寫，應(yīng)從分析環(huán)境的特點入手，分析環(huán)境描寫對于刻畫人物、突出主題的作用，必要時還要結(jié)合小說的背景和寫作目的，加深對環(huán)境特點的認(rèn)識和對其作用的理解。總之，在學(xué)習(xí)本單元小說時，要充分調(diào)動各種感覺器官和知識儲備，深入了解和把握小說主旨及寫作特點，提高自己欣賞小說的能力和水平。