第一篇：大學(xué)英語第2冊 綜合教程詞匯小結(jié)

第2冊詞匯小結(jié)

Unit 1accomplish: 達(dá)到,完成,實現(xiàn) accomplish one’s purpose / accomplish one’s mission / accomplish-ment: 成就,成績 She’s known for her accomplish-ment in improving the region’s hospitals.apply: 適用,應(yīng)用 They applied the rules to new members only.(書面形式)申請,請求 You may apply in person or by letter.attach: 系,貼,附加 aid with no conditions at-tached 認(rèn)為有(重要性等)She attached no signific-ance to his warning / a list attached to the document4 await: 注意后面不接forbold: 勇敢無畏的;冒失魯莽的.a bold plan of at-tack / be hurt by a bold remarkcritical: 批評的,評論的 The film was a critical success./ The book won wide critical praise.決定性的,關(guān)鍵的 a critical moment(疾病等)危急的,嚴(yán)重的 The patient is in critical condition./ a critical short-age of doctorsdeparture: 離開,起程,背離,變更 arrivals and de-partures of trains / departure from previous policy 8 emerge: 出現(xiàn),興起 A modern industrial country is now emerging.enormous: The rent and cost of maintenance of such a building are enormous.evolve: 逐步形成,發(fā)展,演化 Hygiene has evolved into preventive medicine./ Mammals evolved from reptiles.exaggerate: 夸張,夸大,言過其實 keep to the facts and don’t exaggerate / The newspaper ac-counts are exaggerated.initial: 開始的,最初的 at the initial stage of learning French / the initial velocity 首字母 initial a handkerchiefinsert: 插入,嵌入 insert a piece of carbon pa-per between 2 sheets 插頁 The book contained an insert of several pages of pictures.investigate conditions at the grass rootsnegligent: negligent about traffic regulations./ negligible: His knowledge of English is negligible.16 occasion: 時候,場合A chance meeting was the occasion of a renewal of friendship./ on occasion(s):有時,間或 We go to the theatre on occasion.performance: 執(zhí)行,履行 the performance of a command 工作性能,表現(xiàn),銷售情況 be disappointed with the performance of the governmentprincipal: 首要的,主要的 Their principal food is potatoes./ the principal town of the district 本金,可生息的資本 How much interest will there be on a principal of $500?priority: 優(yōu)先(權(quán)),優(yōu)先考慮的事 Fire engines and ambulances have priority over other traffic./ The newly-founded airborne division gets priority in men and equipment.promote: 提升,晉升 be promoted twice in three years 促進(jìn),增進(jìn)promote mutual understanding 宣傳,推銷 promote the sales of TV setsrelevant: relevant authorities 有關(guān)當(dāng)局 relev--1-

ance:(教育等)社會實用性 give relevance to college coursessomewhat: 有點,稍微 It is somewhat difficult to answer this question.summarize: 總結(jié),概括 The seven categories can be briefly summarized as follows.superior: 上級的,較高等級的 keep the proper superior-subordinate relationship優(yōu)良的,較好的provide a superior education / superior alloy steel 25 valid: 有根據(jù)的,站得住腳的 a valid excuse 具有法律效力的 be valid for 3 months / a valid con-tract / validityfind one’s way:(文中)到達(dá),流入,進(jìn)入 The river finds its way to the sea.in due course: 到時候,今后適當(dāng)時候 Sow the seed and in due course you will have the flowers.28 in retrospect: 回想起來,事后看來 There are some things that you only become totally conscious of in retrospect.回顧,追溯 The new chapter starts with a retrospect.make up for: 補償,彌補 make up for lost time / Do you think beauty could make up for stupidity? 30 not in the least: 一點也不 I’m not in the least worried.31 pick up:(偶然或容易地)獲得,學(xué)會 pick up ele-mentary French in three months(情況)好轉(zhuǎn),改進(jìn)Business appears to be picking up.32 throw light on: help people understand by providing new information

work on: 從事,致力work on the weak points34 bustle: 忙碌,鬧哄哄地忙亂 The city is bustling with life./ The office bustled with people.35 elementary: a course in elementary botany36 telling: 有力的,有效的,顯著的 have a telling effect / He made a particularly telling remark

lobby: Members of the teachers’ unions suc-cessfully lobbied among the convention delegates.38 attendant: 侍者,出席者 a flight attendant 伴隨的,隨之產(chǎn)生的 The sufferings attendant upon war.39 vigorous: 充滿活力的,有力的 keep oneself vi-gorous by taking exercise

frown: give sb.a frown of disapproval41 anecdote: tell amusing anecdotes about sb.42 colleague: com-together + legare to choose43 sympathetic: 同情的,贊同的 He was obviously sympathetic over what had happened./ a sympa-thetic heart / be sympathetic to a plan

effective: They delayed the effective date from June 6 to July 27./ an effective rebuke45 self-reliance: 自力更生

rear: 撫養(yǎng),培養(yǎng),栽種 My parents reared me in all the honored traditions / rear crops / rear cattle 47 intention: 意圖,打算,意向 He told me of his intention to resign./ The boy hurt his sister’s feel-ings without intention.48 clumsy: 手腳不靈活,笨拙的a clumsy boy / The translations are clumsy.49 facility: 便利,容易,熟練 Practice gives a won-derful facility.設(shè)備,設(shè)施 educational facilities / airport facilities

mold: 模子,鑄模 a casting mold 塑造,成形His character was molded by childhood experiences.51 craft: 手藝,工藝 Making jewels requires great craft./ The pilot had difficulty landing his craft on the rough ground.52 reversal: 反向,顛倒 The president would ex-plain his sharp reversal of policy./ reverse: in the reverse direction to the time before / the obverse and the reverse of a coin

originality: The design for the building shows a great deal of originality.54 harbor: 藏有,包含,心懷 harbor refugees / har-bor a grudge against sb.55 overstate: overstate the importance of religion56 innovation: introduce innovations that in-crease productivity /innovations such as frozen food and antibiotics

exaggerate the difficulties of a situation

breakthrough: 突破,進(jìn)展 It demonstrates a major technological breakthrough./ make a break-through in the relations between the two countries.59 foster: 培養(yǎng),促進(jìn),助長 foster a spirit of coop-eration / foster distrust

solution:(問題的)解答,解決辦法 The loan was only a temporary solution to the country’s financial difficulties.溶液,溶解 Sea water contains salts in solution.Unit 2abrupt: 突然的,意外的;陡峭的 He made an ab-rupt turn to avoid hitting another car./ an abrupt re-ply / an abrupt departureaffluent: 富裕,充裕的 an affluent person(sub-urb)/ be affluent in mineralsattain: 達(dá)到,獲得attain one’s goal /attain power4 bless: Other parts of the country were blessed with timely rains, too.bracket: 括號;等級段,檔次 The proportion in the 25 to 35 age bracket has shrunk to 7%./ the lower(upper)income bracketcherish: 珍視,愛護(hù);抱有,懷有 cherish peace / cherish the memory of sb.confront: 面臨,面對;正視,對抗 The explorers were confronted with gorges almost impassable./ We must confront the future with optimism.consequence: 結(jié)果,后果;重要性 This decision will bring long-lasting consequences./ an affair of little consequencecuriosity: intellectual curiositydated: 注有日期的;過時的 dated formalities11 deny: 否認(rèn);拒絕給予,拒絕要求 He denied it to be the case./ A ship was denied entry to the canal.12 donation: 捐贈,贈給 He received a letter of thanks for his donation of books to the library./ He donated $50 to the memorial fund.fabricate: 制造,制作;捏造,偽造 The finest craftsmen fabricated this clock./ fabricate liesThey narrowed the focus to the most pressing issue.genuine: 真的,非人造(偽造)的;真實的 genuine

leather /a genuine vintage wine / genuine happiness16 item: an important item on the agenda / an item in an accountlinger: 逗留,徘徊;存留 The children lingered at the zoo until closing time.minimal: 最小的;最低限度的 The new scheme will involve us in only minimal expense.primary: 最初的,初級的;首要的;基本的 the primary meaning of a word / one’s primary goals in life / Security is a primary need.pursuit: be engaged in scientific pursuitseemingly: 表面上;其實未必 the seeming ac-ceptance of the changessentiment: Sentiment unchecked by reason is a bad guide./ the sentiment of patriotismstammer: 結(jié)巴,口吃 stammer out an excuse24 tangible: 可觸知的,有形的,有實體的 bring few tangible benefits to the poor / tangible evidence / tangible assetstickle: 撓癢;逗樂,使高興 He tickled the baby’s feet and made her laugh./ I was tickled by the idea.26 vital: 生命的;極其重要的 a vital organism / a question of vital importance / a vital blowwell-off: 境遇好的;富裕的,充裕的 Although she is well-off, she lives quite simply.fall into: 分成;屬于 The story falls into two parts./ fall into the same categoryfill out: 填寫 fill out an applicationgo through: 經(jīng)受,經(jīng)歷 You will have to go through a severe test.31 nothing more than: 不強于,不多于,一模一樣;確實 Nothing more than a tunnel-like passage greeted the excavators.32 out of place: 不適當(dāng)?shù)?不相稱的 Your remarks were rather out of place.33 wear and tear: 磨損,損耗 a carpet that stands up to the wear and tear of continual use / the wear and tear of modern city life

kettle: 水壺;鍋 The kettle’s boiling./ This is a fine kettle of fish.I forgot my book.35 stand: There were still some empty seats in the stands./ customers at a watermelon stand

whim: 突然產(chǎn)生的念頭,異想天開;沖動 do something on a whim / be governed by whim

exceptional: 例外的,異常的 He treated his em-ployees with exceptional cruelty./ There have been an exceptional number of rainy days.38 jolt: 震動,顛簸The coach jolted its passengers terribly over the miserable road./ That a few men have such far-reaching power gave the people quite a jolt.39 high-end: 高檔的(即所謂高端的)

apron: 圍裙,工作裙 wear a kitchen apron

economical: 節(jié)約,省儉的convert sunshine into economical energy / be economical of time/energy

Unit 3assure: 使確信;保證I can assure you of its qual-ity./ The dentist’s manner assured me that I was in safe hands.consist of: 組成,構(gòu)成 The house consists of six rooms./ consist in: 在于,存在于 Her charm does not consist only in her beauty.dread: 怕,畏懼;憂慮,厭惡 I dread to think of what may happen./ have a dread of heightsdumb: She was born dumb./ the dumb millions 5 exhaust: 用完,耗盡(資源或力量)exhaust one’s patience / The soil was exhausted from years of careless farming.詳盡地論述或研究 an exhaustive analysis of the policy 廢氣,廢氣等的排出 exhaust emissionfade: The color in this material will not fade./ His anger faded away.frank: 坦白的,真誠的,不加掩飾的 a frank reply / show frank distastehumiliate: 羞辱,使丟臉 They were proud men, humiliated at having to accept relief.hysterical: 歇斯底里的 an hysterical outburst of furyinterference: 干涉,干預(yù),干擾 the outside inter-ference in a country / electronic interferencelocation: 位臵,地點,定位 This corner would make a good location for a gas station./ The captain located the ship’s position on the chart.proof: 證據(jù),證明 Can you give proof that you are Spanish? 耐…的,能防…的 heatproof / fireproof13 scheme: 計劃,規(guī)劃,方案;陰謀詭計 a hydroelec-tric scheme / He suggested several schemes to in-crease sales./ a scheme to escape taxestalent: have a talent for languages(drawing)/ recruit athletic(acting)talenttwist: 轉(zhuǎn)動,旋動;纏繞;編織;歪曲Twist the han-dle to the right./ The road twisted and turned across the hills./ He twisted my words.typical: 典型的,特有的 The painting is a typi-cal Rembrandt./ This is typical of you!welfare: 福利,康樂 neglect the welfare of the workers / a welfare recipientat any rate: 無論如何,至少 If he is stupid, he’s at any rate pleasant to look at.come over: 感到,成為 What has come over him? / come over fainthand down: 把…傳下去This custom is handed down from the past.in unison: 共同,一起,一致 Her parents nodded in unison./ act in unisonsuspense: 掛心,懸念 The detective story kept me in suspense until the last chapter.know better than: 明事理(而不至于)You should know better than to go swimming right after eating.narrow down: 縮小,縮減,壓縮 They narrowed success or failure for the conference to just 2 issues.25 squat: 蹲,盤腿坐 They squatted down to wait in the shade.simultaneous: 同時發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的The audience burst into simultaneous applause./a simultaneous interpreterclench: 握緊,咬緊,收緊 Her teeth clenched on her lower lip./ clench one’s fists/teeth

-recipe: 烹飪法,食譜;訣竅 a recipe for success / a recipe for cookies / cook with a new recipemumble: 含糊地說,咕噥 He mumbled into si-lence./ a mumbled conversationvaccinate: 接種牛痘/疫苗 Has your child been vaccinated against smallpox?

Unit 4abuse: 濫用,妄用 He abused his privileges in activities outside his official capacity./ He abused my confidence in him.虐待 The arrested men have been physically abused.angle: I would like to hear your angle in this dispute / write a news story from investors’ angle3 annoy: 使惱怒,生氣;騷擾 She was annoyed at his lighthearted attitude.appointment: 約定 They arranged an appoint-ment for next week./ a dental appointment 委任的職位 He received an appointment as ambassador 5 arrange: 安排,籌劃,排列 arrange contacts be-tween the two people / arrange a conference / ar-range cards alphabeticallyclick: 點擊 The door clicked shut.converse: 相反的,逆的 in the converse direction / His political views are the converse of mine.crawl: 爬,匍匐 The holiday traffic crawled along the highway.cue:(戲劇)提示,暗示,信號 at a cue from the di-rector / throw cues to sb.edit: Letters are subject to editing for reasons of space and clarity.flee: The enemy troops fled in utter confusion./ He should not flee from responsibility.interpret: 解釋,理解 Poetry can hardly be in-terpreted./ The gift was generally interpreted as bribe.jar: 使感到不快;震動;不和諧 The platform jarred as a train rumbled by./ jar the ear14 nightmare: 夢魘,噩夢restore: 恢復(fù),修復(fù) restore an old custom / The relations between the two countries were restored to normal./ The old oil painting was handsomely re-stored.routine: 例行公事,慣例,日常的 start the daily routine / a routine conference / Despite these prob-lems, routine work is continuing.spit: He was spitting out the husks of sun-flower seeds on the floor./ spit out curses at sb.18 stretch: 伸出,延伸,舒展 stretch out a friendly hand to sb./ The forest stretched hundreds of miles.19 symptom: 征候,癥狀 Calls for import controls were a symptom of the country’s present economic disease.tone: 音調(diào),語氣,聲調(diào),色調(diào) a tone of apology(command)/ Mandarin Chinese has four tones./ a photograph in war tonestune: 曲調(diào),調(diào)整頻率,使協(xié)調(diào)和諧 I don’t know the tune to this song./ The price of gold coins fluc-tuates in tune with commodities.via: book a ticket to Amsterdam via Frankfurt

/ send a message via a friend / via airmailvirtual: 事實上生效的,實質(zhì)上的 the virtual manager of the business / a virtual impossibility 虛擬的 virtual imagesuck in: 吸收,吸取;卷入 suck in knowledge 25 but then: 但另一方面 The circus was not a very good one, but then, the audience was not de-manding.set apart: 使分開;留出(時間金錢等)set the fighting boys apart from each other / One day of the week should be set apart for relaxation.take in: 接受,吸收 Tankers were taking in cargoes of finished oil products.欺騙 He couldn’t lie convincingly enough to take a child in.accent: 重音,口音 She had a strong Russian accent to her English.groceries: 食品雜貨(詞根gross, wholesale)30 aversion: 厭惡,反感 have an aversion to war / He is averse to flattery / Preparedness averts peril.31 socialize: 社交,交際 leave oneself little time for socializing

critic: a film(musical, literary, dramatic)critic33 interaction: All things are interrelated and in-teract on each other./ interactive graphic systems34 in sight: 看得見;在望,臨近He is nowhere in sight./ Peace was in sight at last after four years of war.35 temper: change the structure of steel by tem-pering it at various temperatures / be in a good(bad)temper / lose one’s temper

sensitive: She is sensitive to criticism.37 commercial: 商業(yè)廣告

remark: A local newspaper remarked that in-flation was not to be checked for the time being.39 project: 投射 You’re projecting again: I’m not angry with you;it’s you who are angry with me.40 external: 外部的,表面的,外用的 an external wound His art criticism had external brilliance but no substance./ a medicine for external use only41 intolerable: 不能忍受,無法容忍的 an intolera-ble burden / an intolerable multitude of volumes

Unit 5alternate: 交替,輪流,間隔的 alternate crops / al-ternate hot and cold compresses / alternate stripes of blue and white / alternate currentcoincide: 同位,同時發(fā)生,相符 The centers of concentric circles coincide./ It was no coincidence that the two disappeared on the same day.dedicate: 奉獻(xiàn),獻(xiàn)給 A monument was dedicat-ed to the memory of soldiers who had died there./ The doctor dedicated himself to finding a cure.grace: 優(yōu)美,寬限(期),恩典 She ran well, grace in every movement./ give a year’s grace / There are 3 days of grace allowed after the day for payment.5 groan: 呻吟;抱怨She was groaning about some essays she had to write.intensity: 強烈,強度,烈度 the intensity of the sun’s ray /labor intensity /A minor earthquake jolted this morning with a maximum intensity of three.-mere: 只不過,僅僅 Mere words won’t help./ Her office lies a mere hundred yards away from her apartment.motion: The train was already in motion when he jumped in./ the dancer’s graceful motions / The motion was defeated by 32 votes to 23.numerous: 許多,眾多 There are numerous dif-ferences between the two /be too numerous to count 10 recur: 再發(fā)生,復(fù)發(fā),被反復(fù)提及 It this cheating recurs, you will be expelled./ Certain fevers recur at regular intervals./ This is a problem that recurs with increasing frequency.soar: 翱翔;猛增,高漲 an eagle soaring into the sky / The price of food is soaring.startle: 使驚嚇,驚人的 The horse startles easily./ a startling discoverytense: 拉緊的,緊張(局勢)Is the rope tense? tension: 緊張,張力 Int’l tension should be reduced when this agreement is signed./ a tension test14 upper: a man somewhere in his upper thirties 15 vain: vain talk / All our work was in vain.自負(fù): be vain of one’s appearancebe ashamed of: I am ashamed of myself for being so stupid.bring back to earth: 回到現(xiàn)實 Emily’s voice brought him back to earth.towel: I think it’s time to throw in the towel.19 vault: 跳躍(尤指手支撐跳或撐桿跳)The jockey vaulted into the saddle./ Her gymnastics perfor-mances vaulted her from obscurity to renown.locomotive: 機車 animals that are locomotive at birthhard-core: 鐵桿,頑固不化的 the four hard-core leaders of the gangmotto: 座右銘,箴言;警句,題詞chore(s): 雜務(wù) free the teachers from some of their choresinflate: His modest exploits have been inflated to heroic proportions./ The government would in-flate the economy and then put on price controls.25 bale: 大包,大捆 a bale of cotton / He helped bale hay.sprint: 沖刺,短跑 put on a final sprint to pre-pare for the Olympic Gamestakeoff: The plane was so over-weighted that it nearly crashed on takeoff./ The postwar takeoff was particularly painful.erupt: 噴發(fā),爆發(fā) The volcano is due to erupt any day./ New violence and strikes erupted in that region.thump:(擬聲詞)重?fù)?嘭聲 The dictionary fell to the floor with a thump.sponsor: The firm is sponsoring an engineer-ing student at the university./ Who was the sponsor for the reform bill?

in one’s mind’s eye: 在頭腦中想象 She was writing her next piece in her mind’s eye

Unit 6abnormal: 反常的,異常的 abnormal behavior /

an abnormal amount of rain / abnormal powers of recollectionbuzz: 嗡嗡,磁磁 The hall buzzed with whis-pered comments./ Buzz when you want me.3 convert: convert coal into pipeline gascrave: 渴望得到;懇求 The unhappy children craved their parents’ love./ I crave to hear his voice5 decent: 得體的,正派的,像樣的 She did not have a decent dress for the ball./ Some decent black people were robbed./ decent working conditions 6 distinguish: 區(qū)分,辨別,使著名 distinguish facts from rumors / distinguish the sound of a piano in an orchestra / He distinguished himself in chemistry.7 faulty: faulty judgment(design, memory)flexible: 可彎曲,有彈性;靈活的 a flexible sche-dule /flexible foreign policy /flexible working hours9 hybrid: 雜交,混合 artificial hybrids of DNA and RNA / They’ll have a steam or electric car, or may-be a hybrid, soon in their garages.imply: 暗指,暗示,意味著 His silence implied consent./ Drama implies conflict.indication: Modesty is the indication of a great spirit./ In case of collapse the immediate indication is artificial respiration.ironic: 挖苦的,諷刺的 an ironic smile / There was irony in his tone.mechanical: a mechanical failure / mechanical applications of scienceminiature: 微縮的,小型,縮影 a miniature of the Eiffel Tower / a miniature book / Games are real life in miniature.panic: 恐慌,驚慌 Panic overwhelmed me./ The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns.premise: 前提,假設(shè) a necessary premise to an argument / the major and minor premises on which a conclusion is basedshudder: 車輛震動;人打顫,發(fā)抖The ship shud-dered as she struck the rocks./ She gave a great shudder of pleasure from time to time.stumble: 絆腳,蹣跚;偶然遇到,碰巧 He stum-bled out of the bar to look for a cab./ Guess who I stumbled across yesterday? / stumble on a book / stumble into chaostransmission: 傳送,輸送;傳染 the long-dis-tance transmission and distribution of electricity / the transmission of diseases /On top of the televi-sion tower, there is a steel transmission mast.herd: 獸群,牧群;人群herds of cattle and flocks of sheep and goats / Camels are grazing in herds.21 can’t help doing: 情不自禁,不自覺做某事grit(one’s teeth): 沙礫,磨料;堅定;咬緊,磨 She gritted her teeth and plunged into the cold water.23 when it comes to: 涉及,談到 When it comes to politics I know nothing.guzzle: 狂飲,大量消耗 The wine was guzzled like lemonade./ ban cars that guzzle gasoline25 fluorescent: 熒光的,發(fā)熒光的 fluor: 螢石incredible: 不可信的;不可思議的,驚人的 The plot of the book is incredible./ at incredible speed / incredible news

Unit 7addition: He will be a valuable addition to our board./ an additional taxalternative:(兩者或以上)擇一,取舍,供替代的抉擇 face the alternative of high taxes or poor highways / Is there any alternative to surgery? / We have no al-ternative in the matter.arouse: 喚起,激起 The music aroused an in-tense feeling of homesickness in him.ban:(以官方明令)禁止,查禁 announce a 30-day ban on hunting / lift the ban against foreign publi-cationsconquer: 攻克,征服 conquer shyness(one’s fear)/ They vowed to right and to conquer.corrupt: 腐敗的,墮落的,(詞語等)不純的 The new rulers soon became corrupt./ Bad company may corrupt a good boy./These expressions merely cor-rupt your good English.descend: 下降,遞減,起源于,是…的后裔 The sun descended behind the hills./ The countries supply-ing these products, in descending order, are the US, Germany…/ The festival descends from a religious rite./ His family descend from the first immigrants.8 drift: Some people have a purpose in life, others just drift./ a drift of population9 élite: 精英 a privileged elite / the elite of the army / the scientific elite / an elite corpsestablish: 建立,立足,確立 establish dams and windbreaks / an established fact / Cartoonists have established themselves as powerful social com-mentators.fascinate: 強烈地吸引,迷住 a vivacity that fas-cinates the audience / be fascinated with history12 habitual:習(xí)慣性的,慣常的 the habitual Sunday walk / She took her habitual place at the tableinhabit: 居住于,棲息;存在于 Fish inhabit the sea./ Near him, I could almost believe I still inha-bited my old days.invade: The Nazis invaded France in 1940./ I object to our family privacy being invaded.liberty: Students have liberty to use all the li-brary facilities./ take the liberty to do something.(冒昧地做某事)massive: 大塊的,大量的,大規(guī)模的 a massive volume of 800 pages / make massive efforts / mas-sive hemorrhage / provide massive helpmodify: 修改,改造,修飾 modify a law(policy)Those aircraft were extensively modified and im-proved./Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives and oth-er adverbs.necessity: He’ll never learn German until the necessity arises./ Maps are a necessity to travelers / Man dies as a necessity./ Necessity knows no law.19 nourish: 養(yǎng)育,培養(yǎng),助長 The country has ab-undant raw materials to nourish and develop her industries./A variety of animals nourish themselves on vegetables.resemble: 相似,形似,類似 He bears a striking resemblance to his father./ resemble each other in appearance or natureroyal: the royal family / Royal Air Forcesnack: 快餐,點心,小吃 buy a snack at a road-side stand / a mid-night snacksurrender: surrender one’s privileges / The enemy troops surrendered themselves to the PLA./ The glorious spring surrendered to the long summer 24 systematic: systematic classification / syste-matic habits / abolish all systems of exploitation of man by mantolerance: 寬容,容忍,耐受(藥)Tolerance be-tween the races of the world is a must./ I’ve built up a tolerance to the drugs prescribed for me.come up with:(針對問題)提出,想出 He could always come up with a reason for them to linger another month.for effect: Here the speaker paused for effect28 put into practice: 付諸實踐,實施 put principles into practice / He put his plans to practice.spring up: 涌現(xiàn),(友誼等)產(chǎn)生 New buildings are springing up everywhere./ An attachment sprang up between him and her.strike out: 設(shè)計出,搞出,開辟 strike out a new plan / He decided to leave the company to strike out on his own as a writer.31 to an extent: To what extent would you believe it? / These shortages do not exist to the extent that you report / within the extent of human knowledge32 messy: a messy bed / messy thinking

parade: 慶祝游行,列隊接受檢閱parade through Tiananmen Square / The troops are on parade

corrupt: 腐敗的;(文中解釋為)充斥訛誤的,不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的,不純的 speak a corrupt form of French / These expressions merely corrupt your good English.35 manufacture: manufacture paper from rags / manufacture steel into rails

pass on to: pass on extra labor costs to the consumer / He is passing on his knowledge to team mates.37 disciple: 門徒,信徒(與discipline詞根相同)38 sovereign: 君主的,至尊的,擁有獨立主權(quán)的 the rose, sovereign among flowers / a sovereign state / They refuse to give up sovereign over the island.39 renaissance: 復(fù)興 a renaissance of interest in archaeology / the explosive renaissance of the Brit-ish theater in the late 1950s

capsule: 膠囊,航天艙,密封艙

catastrophe: 原指古希臘悲劇第4幕,現(xiàn)泛指災(zāi)難,結(jié)局 the catastrophe of war

thermometer: 溫度計 thermo-表示“熱”43 cyberspace: 網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間/虛擬現(xiàn)實

academy: the U.S.Military Academy at West Point / the Chinese Academy of Sciences

shoot: 嫩芽,新枝 The rose trees are shooting this year.46 preserve: Few of his early poems are pre-served./ preserve fish in salt / a panda preserve / apricot preserves

intellectual: 智力的,知識的,知識分子 intellec-tual curiosity / an intellectual worker / intellectual property rights

Unit 8abundance:(來自abound,大量存在)多,充足;富有 a year of abundance / a river abundant in salmon 2 bloom: 即flower./ green leaves with red blooms / The roses are in bloom.blossom: 花(全部花朵);開花 cherry blossoms / All the orchards blossom in spring.brood: 一窩(雛雞),孵蛋 The hen gathered her brood under her wings.chorus: 合唱(隊),齊聲 a chorus of protestcomplain: 抱怨,訴苦,抗議 complain about the weather / Our complaints fell on deaf ears.counterpart: 對應(yīng)的人(物),對手方 the Red Cross Society of China and its Icelandic counterpart / Canada’s PM is the counterpart of the US President 9 creep: 爬行,漸漸出現(xiàn) Age creeps on us all.10 desert: 拋棄,離棄 desert a friend in trouble 11 evil: 邪惡的,壞的 evil deeds / evil weather 12 flicker: 閃爍,搖曳 The candle flickered in the wind./ a flicker of hope(fear, envy)flock: 畜群,鳥群;一大群 People came in flocks to see the new dam./ flocks and herdsgrim: 無情的,嚴(yán)酷的 He is grim and ruthless 15 harmony: the beautiful picture of the harmony of sea and sky / His tastes(plans)are in harmony with mine./ They live together in perfect harmony.16 hatch: 孵出,孵化;策劃 When will these eggs hatch out? / hatch a program of economic aid 17 migrant: 遷移的;候鳥 a migrant workerpatch: 補丁,貼片;斑,一小塊地 The flowers made white patches against the grass.prosperous: 興旺,繁榮昌盛的 a prosperous pe-riod of industrial growth / His farm prospered through good management.puzzle: 難題,使迷惑,困惑 The reason for their behavior remains a puzzle./ They were puzzled at our interest in legal matter.spell:(課文中意為)咒語,魔力 use witchcraft to spell sb./ break the spell / spellboundstark: 苛刻的,僵硬的,無掩飾的 stark discipline / a stark contrast / a stark terror / stark nonsense23 stricken: 患病的,受侵害的,罹難 a stricken area(region)/ be stricken with fever / crisis-stricken24 surroundings: 周圍情況,環(huán)境 picturesque sur-roundingsthrob: 跳動,搏動,震動,顫動 The engine was throbbing gently./ a throbbing pulsetragedy: Hamlet is one of Shakespeare’s best known tragedies.vegetation: 草木,植被 jungle vegetationwither: 干枯,枯萎 Crops wither up after they are cut./ Old age withered her face.feed on: Sheep feed mostly on grass./ rumors which feed on ignorance and superstitionscores of: I have scores of things to do./ I have been there scores of times.31 settle on/over: As a thick fog settled on the ground, it became too dark to play outside./ Dark-ness settled over the lake.

第二篇：新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第2冊_課后答案

新視野大學(xué)英語（第二版）第二冊Unit 1答案 Unit 1 Section A I Comprehension of The Text 1.The attitude is that if one is not moving ahead he is falling behind.2.Time is treated as if it were something almost real.(People budget it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it;they also charge for it.)They do this because time is a precious resource.3.Everyone is in a rush — often under pressure.City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping.4.Don’t take it personally.This is because people value time highly and they resent someone else ―wasting‖ it beyond a certain appropriate point.5.New arrivals in America will miss opening exchanges, the ritual interaction that goes with a cup of coffee or tea and leisurely chats.6.Americans produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices.They communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts.7.The impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand.8.It is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem or fulfill a job with speed in the U.S.Vocabulary III 1.charge 2.convention 3.efficient 4.obtain 5.competent 6.assessing 7.fulfill 8.conducting consequently 10.significance IV．

1．behind 2.at 3.in 4.out 5.to 6.to 7.in 8.with 9.but 10.for V.1.L 2.C 3.D 4.N 5.O 6.A 7.E 8.G 9.I 10.K Word Building VI

1.commitment 2.attraction 3.appointment 4.impression

5.civilization 6.composition 7.confusion 8.congratulation

9.consideration 10.explanation 11.acquisition 12.depression VII.desirable

favorable

considerable

acceptable

drinkable

advisable

remarkable preferable 1.advisable 2.desirable 3.favorable 4.considerable 5.remarkable 6.preferable 7.drinkable 8.acceptable Structure VIII

1.much less can he write English articles 2.much less can he manage a big company 3.much less could he carry it upstairs 4.much less have I spoken to him 5.much less to read a lot outside of it IX

1.Having meals at home can cost as little as two or three dollars, whereas eating out at a restaurant is always more expensive.2.We thought she was rather proud, whereas in fact she was just very shy.3.We have never done anything for them, whereas they have done so much for us.4.Natalie prefers to stay for another week, whereas her husband prefers to leave immediately.5.Some praise him highly, whereas others put him down severely Translation X.1.She wouldn’t take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner.2.He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth.3.How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week?

4.The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.5.Such measures are likely to result in the

improvement of work efficiency.6.We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.XI 1.我認(rèn)為他不會搶劫，更不用說暴力搶劫了。furthermore 10.interact IV.1.interact with 2.gone through 3.deal with 4.recovered from

5.adjusting to 6.familiar to 7.In spite of 8.2.男工平均工資每小時10美元，而女工才每小時7美元。

3.自然界的平衡一旦遭到破壞，就會帶來很多不可預(yù)知的影響。

4.期終考試迫在眉睫，你最好多花點時間看書。

5.有趣的是，消費者發(fā)現(xiàn)越來越難以辨別某些品牌的原產(chǎn)國。其部分原因來自于全球化帶來的影響，部分原因是由于產(chǎn)地的變化。6.最近一次調(diào)查表明，婦女占總勞動力的40%。Cloze 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.C

11.D 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.A Structured Writing XIV.A larger and larger part of society is expressing its concern about environmental protection.Active in their concern, teachers and students hold specific meetings to discuss environmental protection.Also, city planners take environmental problems into serious consideration.And, though reducing pollution can be expensive, factories often take every possible measure to do their part.Many people are concerned and active because air and water pollution affects everyone and makes it difficult for cities to survive and businesses to make a profit.Section B.Comprehension of the Text II.1.D 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B Vocabulary III.1.utilize 2.reject 3.considerable 4.temporary 5.acceptable

6.recognition 7.alleviate 8.appreciate 9.were tired of

9.prevented from 10.came to

新視野大學(xué)英語（第二版）第二冊Unit 2答案 Unit Two Section A

I.Comprehension of the Text

1.She felt that Nikolai was quite different from what she had expected;still, she was quite nervous.2.No.Actually she was quite surprised when Nikolai suggested that.3.They went through a lot of hard training sessions full of pain and tears.Yet the training was really productive.4.Yes, he did.He was always practicing while others were relaxing themselves.5.In training, they were strict coach and determined athlete;at other times, they were on good terms with each other, like friends.6.Because Nikolai sang out instructions in a regular manner, similar to those of a dance instructor.7.the writer achieved a fourth place in the nation, but they didn’t manage to participate in the Olympics.8.Besides improving her skills under Nikolai’s instruction, she also learned the importance of determination with courage, heart, and discipline;most important of all, she learned to be thankful and loving while living in this world.Vocabulary III.1.promising 2.amusing 3.lowered 4.persisted 5.rank

6.swear 7.unfair 8.presence 9.frowning 10.approximately IV.1.on 2.upon 3.on 4.in 5.by 6.to 7.in

8.of 9.on 10.out V.1.O 2.K 3.D 4.H 5.J 6.E 7.M 8.G 2.Mike didn’t come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation.9.B 10.A Word Building VI.1.observe—observer: one who observes a person or an event 2.ski—skier: one who skis 3.visit—visitor: one who visits somebody or some place 4.learn—learner: one who learns something 5.report—reporter: one who reports on persons or events for a newspaper 6.drink—drinker: one who often drinks alcohol, esp, too much VII.Tropical global dangerous central environmental occasional musical natural 1.tropical 2.musical 3.occasional 4.environmental 5.global 6.dangerous 7.natural 8.central Sentence Structure VIII.1.they didn’t lose heart despite lots of frustration.2.Despite the heavy rain, the boys played football in the yard all afternoon.3.I will try my best despite the slim chances of success.4.Despite a thorough search for the escaped prisoner in the mountain, no sign of him was found.5.Despite their increased income, their life became poorer because of the rising prices.IX.1.nor do I think it necessary to do so 2.nor would they go to my sister’s

3.nor do we have her telephone number 4.Nor would I like to go to work immediately 5.now would I Translation X.1.Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents.3.The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer.4.He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses.5.The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence.6.This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience.XI.1.盡管那項計劃一開始就證明是不切實際的，但是他們還是堅持要實施。

2.我無法說服他接受這項計劃，也無法使他認(rèn)識到這項計劃的重要性。

3.你是怎么把那么多東西塞進(jìn)這個小行李箱的？

4.別人對他怎么看，他全不在意。5.我能否指出你犯了個小錯誤。

6.他母親讓他開車慢一點兒，但是他從不把她的話放在心上。Cloze XII.1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.B 14.C 15.D XIV.Computers, just like any new technology, have a negative side.As more and more computers are used in production lines, many jobs are being taken over by computer-controlled machines.As a result, many workers are finding themselves jobless.This constitutes a threat to social security.Another problem is computer crimes.For example, some people are finding ways to break into the bank computer systems and transfer large sums of money to their own accounts.There have been many reports like this.One more negative effect of computers is that they bring about health problems.Sitting in front of computers all day undoubtedly affects people’s health.Back pain, wrist pain, failing eyesight, to name only a few.Section B Reading Skills

I.1.D 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.B

Comprehension of the Text II.1.D 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B Vocabulary III.1.sake 2.sacrificed 3.crack 4.pursuing they had honestly confronted the weaknesses and strengths of each other’s characters.3.They learned a great deal about tolerance, compromise, and being open with each other.4.As with many couples, they got married for the wrong reasons and found out many years later that 5.explosive 6.overcome 7.indicated 8.opponents 9.stripped 10.denied IV.1.Natasha made herself stand out in the group interview by acting as the leader in her group.2.To be successful, you need a careful plan, good luck, help at the right time, and above all, hard work.3.They are not doing this to gain recognition or money;they are doing this for the sake of society.4.It was actually what he said rather than what he did that made me sad.5.Once my mother sets her mind on something, it will be very hard to stop her.6.Years of research had set the stage for their success in their field.7.Local people are used to the phenomenon, so they are not surprised at all.8.Today at this meeting we are going to focus on the question of air pollution.9.He never expected that his best friend would charge him with cheating in the exam.10.His parents were so strict with him in his studies that he had little time to participate in any activities outside of class.新視野大學(xué)英語（第二版）第二冊Unit 3答案 Unit 3 Section A Comprehension of the Text 1.The writer is a black man who is not an American citizen.2.According to him, during their two years together they had experienced the usual ups and downs of a couple learning to know, understand, and respect each other.In addition he thought they were incompatible.They didn’t take enough time to know each other.5.Her mother, counseled Gail to be really sure she was doing the right thing.6.He immediately suspected that Mark was marrying his daughter in order to remain in the United States.7.He quoted statistics showing that mixed couples had a higher divorce rate than couples of the same race and gave examples of mixed couples he had counseled who were having marital difficulties.8.People can be very cruel toward children from mixed marriages.Vocabulary III.1.mutual 2.illusion 3.canceled?? 4.overlooked??? 5.proceeded 6.resolve 7.prejudice 8.compromise 9.confirm 10.subsequently IV.1.having nothing to do with 2.taking care of 3.met with 4.on the surface 5.work out 6.incompatible with 7.ups and downs 8.learned of 9.indication of 10.all along V.1.M 2.L 3.F 4.D 5.H?? 6.O?? 7.A?? 8.C 9.I?? 10.K Word Building VI.1.shopping 2.feeling 3.storage 4.cooking 5.ending 6.beginning 7.gathering 8.removal 9.arrival?? 10.passage?? 11.writing?? 12.marriage VII.1.relationship 2.citizenship3.leadership 4.membership 5.boyhood 6.livelihood 7.brotherhood 8.authorship 9.adulthood 10.neighborhood?? 11.wisdom 12.ownership

Sentence structure VIII.1.It is never too bad(for us)to do something about the situation.2.One is never too old to learn.3.It is never too late(for you)to put a stop to this madness.4.It is never too late(for you)to mend your ways.5.His income was never too small to support his family.IX.1.My best friend, Anna, was here last night.2.The company manager, Mr.Madison, gathered his staff and announced the decision.3.You should have seen an ophthalmologist, an eye doctor.4.He sent for the accountant, the most experienced person in accounting.5.“Leave it to me,” said David, the man on night duty.Translation X.1.You are never too experienced to learn new techniques.2.There remains one problem, namely, who should be sent to head the research there.3.Their relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences.4.Though he has had ups and downs, I believed all along that he would succeed someday.5.I have some reservations about the truth of your claim.6.She isn't particularly tall, but her slim figure gives an illusion of height.XI.1.應(yīng)盡早告知年輕人：必須認(rèn)真對待法律。2.他現(xiàn)在面臨一個重要決定，這個決定可能會影響他的整個前程。

3.即使在情況最糟糕的時候，你也必須保持鎮(zhèn)靜和信心。

4.人際關(guān)系的成功與否與雙方相處是否融洽以及交流是否順暢有很大關(guān)系。5.他受到襲擊，身受重傷，隨后不治而亡。6.他的舉止至少在表面上像個正常人。Cloze XII.1.A?? 2.C?? 3.B??? 4.B?? 5.C??? 6.B??? 7.C??? 8.D?? 9.C?? 10.D

11.B 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.D Structured Writing XIV.Many people place so much emphasis on success that they think any failure is bad.Failure is never pleasant because it hurts people.But in fact it can make positive contribution to our life once we learn how to make the best of it.We can learn from a disastrous party how to give a good one.And we can learn from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a second.Even a total failure can give us fresh ideas or a change of direction.Repeated failures lead to success and prove to be beneficial to us as we experiment every day to find out the right way of doing things.Section B Reading skills I.1.F?? 2.F?? 3.O 4.F?? 5.O?? 6.O?? 7.O?? 8.F?? 9.O?? 10.F

Comprehension of the Text II.1.C 2.A?? 3.D?? 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.D Vocabulary III.1.arrange?? 2.criticism?? 3.innocent 4.criticizing?? 5.miserable 6.modest 7.compelled 8.somehow 9.anticipate10.birlliant IV.1.on 2.from...to 3.off 4.with 5.away

6.about 7.over 8.On9.Concerning 10.to

新視野大學(xué)英語（第二版）第二冊Unit 4答案 Unit 4 Section A:

Comprehension of the Text

1.He was waiting to see a woman who had filled

a special place in his life for the past thirteen months.2.Soon after he volunteered for military service, he received a book and a letter from this woman.3.John Blandford was the only person to write her back.4.She had faithfully written to John.Even when his letters did not arrive, she wrote anyway, without decrease.5.As long as he received her letters, he felt as thought he could survive.6.She declined his request and explained her objection.7.Yes, but she had asked a lady well over forty to wear the rose on her coat.8.She wanted to make sure that John didn’t love her just for her beauty.Vocabulary III.1.forbid 2.identical 3.objection 4.warmth 5.volunteers 6.overseas7.declined 8.resisted9.fancy10.decrease/decline IV.1.without fail 2.volunteer for 3.as long as 4.right away 5.more than6.am thankful...for7.wrote back8.forbidden from 9.vanished into 10.was free to V.1.O 2.J 3.G 4.H 5.L 6.A 7.E 8.B 9.C 10.N Word Building VI.1.sadness??? 2.weakness?? 3.carelessness 4.illness 5.darkness?? 6.kindness?? 7.laziness 8.nervousness VII.1.noisy??2.wealthy?3.sunny??4.lucky 5.tasty??6.healthy?7.angry? 8.icy Sentence structure VIII.1.It is necessary for the manager to finish the whole task before leaving for a holiday.2.It is a shame to take so much money for doing so little.3.It is our responsibility to help people around us who are in trouble.4.It is a surprise for us all to realize he has been cheating us.5.It is pleasant for the mother to see her daughter growing into a young lady.IX.1.as long as she got her father's agreement 2.As long as you set a goal for yourself

3.As long as she covers all the expenses herself 4.as long as she does her job well 5.As long as you never lose heart Translation X.1.It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar.2.It doesn't matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches mice.3.You must let me have the money back without fail by ten o'clock tomorrow morning.4.Allow me to take part in this project: I am more than a little interested in it.5.Everyone knows that he is special: He is free to come and go as he pleases.6.Watching the unhappy look on her face, I felt as though she wished to say something to me.XI.1.現(xiàn)如今，僅僅受過中等教育的人要想找份好工作越來越難了。

2.留得青山在，不怕沒柴燒。

3.如果你對所購物品不滿意，我們將很樂意退款。

4.我們對這塊偉大的美麗的土地心懷感激之情，多年來它迎接了眾多的人來這里的海灘游覽。

5.讓老師吃驚的是，沒人自愿當(dāng)班長。

6.那條狗忠心耿耿地繼續(xù)在火車站等待主人，直到兩年后死去。Cloze XII.1.B?? 2.C?? 3.A??? 4.D??? 5.B?? 6.A?? 7.D?? 8.D?? 9.C 10.A 11.A?? 12.B?? 13.D 14.C?? 15.C

XIV.Parents have to save a large amount of money for their children to study abroad.Apart from the international flight, they have to pay for their daily expense, such as food, shelter, entertainment, long-distance telephone calls, and clothing.In addition, the children should have some money ready to cover unexpected expenses.Section B: Reading skills I.1.I am almost dead.2.I am moving across the landscape.3.I have achieved a modest amount of prosperity.4.A friend convinces me to go on a blind date with a lady friend of his.5.Roma gets a faraway look in her eyes.Comprehension of the Text II.1.D?? 2.A 3.C?? 4.A?? 5.B?? 6.B?? 7.C?? 8.A Vocabulary III.1.insurance??? 2.descended??? 3.precision?? 4.trace?? 5.stain 6.specify?? 7.accustomed 8.embraced?? 9.knelt?? 10.prosperity IV.1.The Rockefeller family achieved a huge amount of prosperity in the oil business.2.What all workers have in common is expecting better working conditions.3.You don't know what his feelings will be, as they change from day to day.4.This is generally a warm place, but we do get freezing weather on occasion.5.Every year at Christmas drunk driving takes its toll on the joyful atmosphere.6.Many people still cling to the hope that one day there will be peace between the two countries.7.He was so angry that he lost control.8.The climate in Alaska is a far cry from that of Florida.9.How on earth did she manage to pass the test? 10.His career as a teacher came to an end when he broke his leg, but he continued to write textbooks for students.新視野大學(xué)英語（第二版）第二冊Unit 5答案 Unit 5 Section A:

Comprehension of the Text I.1.She feels terrible.She wants to weep and she does weep a little.2.He smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself.3.He father was hooked by cigarettes.Though he smoked Prince Albert tobacco, he never looked as fashionable as Prince Albert;he continued to look like a poor, overweight, hard-working colored man with too large a family.4.By that time, her father’s health had become poor.His breathing was difficult;he had to rest very often when he was climbing stairs.It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour.5.Money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies.As a result, over time, people starve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, and eventually killing themselves.6.Cigarette ends are so poisonous that if a baby swallows one, it is likely to die.Also, the boiled water from a hunch of cigarette ends makes an effective insecticide.7.she still remembers how carefully she ate when she was pregnant, and how patiently she taught her daughter how to cross a street safely, but now her daughter smokes, which amounts to killing herself by taking poison, as her father did.8.Smoking is a form of self-battering that also batters others who must sit by.Vocabulary III.1.hardened?? 2.shelter?? 3.slim?? 4.weaken?? 5.Literally 6.noticeable?? 7.bunch 8.drag 9.grateful?? 10.hooked IV.1.leaned on?? 2.close at hand?? 3.die of?? 4.are starved of?? 5.coupled with 6.is directed...at?? 7.are...dressed in??? 8.grateful to 9.struggling to 10.a bunch of V.1.J?? 2.G?? 3.K?? 4.M?? 5.E 6.O?? 7.D 8.H indoors.5.Connie changed her mind for the second time, which came as no surprise to us.IX.1.The teacher spoke so quietly that the students could hardly hear her.2.The lecture was so boring that many listeners fell asleep.3.The student has so many books that he does not 9.A?? 10.C Word Building VI.1.Under the pleasant situation the property prices are just beginning to harden again.2.In the past few years, these inside conflicts have weakened the government's position.3.Every Sunday the father takes his child to libraries, museums, exhibitions or natural parks, as he believes that this helps to broaden the child's mind.4.The days are lengthening as summer approaches.5.As she was waiting for the result to come out, her excitement heightened.6.The taking on of a new secretary lightened his workload considerably.7.As he listened to his assistant reporting on the progress of the project, the manager's face darkened with anger.8.Before night fell, the setting sun reddened the clouds.VII.1.arrival 2.expectations?? 3.understandable?? 4.Visitors 5.freedom?? 6.profitable 7.lucky 8.gathering Sentence structure VIII.1.John went to the cinema with his brother, which surprised me.2.The boy broke the window, for which he was criticized by the teacher.3.He tore up my photo, by which I was angered very much.4.It was raining hard, for which the team stayed know what to do with them.4.The old man was so ill that his neighbors had to send for a doctor.5.Her remarks are so funny that everyone laughs to tears.Translation X.1.He spoke confidently, which impressed me most.2.My father is so forgetful that he is always looking for his keys.3.I'm very grateful to you for all the help you have given me.4.The bad light, coupled with the wet ground, made driving very difficult.5.Being starved of funds, they had to cancel their plan to start a business.6.They always lean on us whenever they are in trouble.XI.1.飛機可能會晚點幾個小時，要是那樣，我們等著就沒有什么意義了。

2.喬治常常說謊，因此當(dāng)他說他考試得了高分時沒人相信他。

3.除了附近位于十字路口的那家小工廠，一切都靜悄悄的。

4.缺少睡眠的人會感到很難集中心思干活。5.我安排人去機場接克拉克先生，然后帶他去賓館。

6.一到達(dá)山頂，游客們都高興地大叫起來。Cloze XII.1.C?? 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.D? 7.A 8.D?? 9.C 10.B?

11.D 12.A 13.A 14.D 15.C XIV.There are many problems for mixed marriages.The number one reason is the cultural differences between the mixed couple, like those in customs and lifestyle.Many people have prejudice against mixed marriages.They often feel shocked to see people of different races get married and have doubts about such marriages.What’s more, children from mixed marriages tend to be looked down upon or even badly treated by their peers.Mixed marriages face many trials, and as a result, mixed couples have higher divorce rates than couples of the same race.Section B: Reading skills I.1.giving them many material possessions 2.change continually and frequently 3.a sudden, uncontrollable feeling of regret 4.makes(the parent-child relationship)go wrong;taking(some of the happiness and mutual respect)away from(parents and their children)5.start a new course of improved behavior Comprehension of the Text II.1.A 2.C?? 3.D?? 4.D 5.A

6.B?? 7.B?? 8.C Vocabulary III.1.assigned 2.compensate 3.prompt 4.manner?? 5.tendency 6.undermined 7.submit?? 8.inferred?? 9.fluctuates?? 10.responded IV.1.Jean wrote the speaker's address down in her notebook for fear that she might forget it.2.Passengers must show their tickets on demand.3.Officials are bound to investigate any possible corruption.4.I took it for granted that you would come with us, so I bought you a ticket.5.She has been selfish all the time, but she has promised to turn over a new leaf and become more loving toward others.6.People in this region have pined for a peaceful life since the religious war broke out three decades ago.7.Poor health had made it difficult for Jim to hold down a job for more than a year.8.Betty gets very depressed at times because of the pressure of her work.9.The boys at my school used to make fun of me because I have a flat nose.10.Jenny kept begging me for a new bicycle, and I finally gave in.新視野大學(xué)英語（第二版）第二冊Unit 6答案 Unit 6

Comprehension of the Text I.1.She didn’t like her first name because it didn’t suit her good looks and elegant manner, and it made her think she should be a cook.2.She felt more comfortable with herself and other people started to take her more seriously.3.the writer thinks that the name change didn’t cause Debbie’s professional achievement, but it surely helped by making her feel more self-confident about her talents.4.The writer thought that his name, Joe, made him seem more qualified to be a baseball player than an art critic.He also believed that if he had a more refined name, like Arthur or Adrian, his name would appear complete.5.The woman felt ill at ease because the attractive man, whom she wanted the writer to introduce her to, was the same person whom she had once turned down due to his dull-sounding name.6.We often project name-based stereotypes onto people.For example, one of the writer’s women friends confessed that while taking charge of a group of four-year-olds at the nursery school, she became confused by their personalities because of their names.7.One study showed that teachers gave lower grades to essays written by boys with less appealing names than they awarded to the same papers by boys with better-sounding names.4.uncovered 5.ungrateful

6.unloading 7.8.If you are determined enough, you can change unlimited 8.undid your name.Sentence structure Vocabulary VIII.III.1.so is air to man 1.confessed 2.reserve 3.professional 4.2.?so is the eagle of all birds impressive

5.latter 6.convey 7.qualify

3.?so is beer to the British 8.refined

9.substitute

10.approval IV.1.?Correct form: fill out;synonym: fill in 2.?Correct form: feel comfortable with;synonym: feel comfortable about 3.?Correct form: attach first importance to;translation: 非常重視； 把……放在第一位 4.?Correct form: turned down;synonym: rejected;refused 5.?Correct form: came(up)to;definition: moved toward 6.?Correct form: pressing me for;definition: try in a determined way to get something.7.?Correct form: free from/of;definition: not influenced by 8.?Correct form: stuck with;translation: 不得不接待； 被迫接待 9.?Correct form: for better or worse;definition: whether the result is good or bad 10.Correct form: took charge of;synonym: took responsibility for V.1.M 2.K 3.L 4.F 5.I 6.C 7.H 8.O 9.E 10.B Word Building VI.illegal

impolite irregular impatient incapable irresponsible

inconsistent inappropriate incorrect

indefinite 1.impatient

2.irresponsible

3.inconsistent 4.illegal

5.inappropriate 6.incapable

7.irregular

8.impolite 9.incorrect 10.indefinite VII.unnoticeable

unreasonable ungrateful unlimited uncertain uncover unrecognizable unfashionable undo untidy unfold unload 1.unreasonable

2.unfolded

3.uncertain 4.?so is tea to the Chinese 5.?so do the English love their beer IX.1.?While waiting at the doctor’s, I read an entire short story.2.?After using the brush, put it in its proper place.3.?Before being in the army, he was an engineer.4.?I deliberately didn’t read the book before going to see the film.5.?When buying a new car, it is best to seek expert advice.Translation X.1.(Just)as a machine needs regular running, so does the body need regular exercise.2.He learned to play the piano while studying in the United States.3.To our disappointment, he turned down our invitation.4.The reality is that, for better or worse, the world has changed with advance of new technologies.5.Most of the female students in my class appear to be ill at ease when(they are)required to answer questions.6.The local government took charge of the security for the sports meeting.XI.1.?足球之于意大利人，就像乒乓球之于中國人。2.?教師沒急著要班里同學(xué)現(xiàn)在作決定，而是要他們仔細(xì)考慮后再下決心。

3.?我不知道那是什么飲料，我喝了那么多；結(jié)果那些小伙子只能送我回家，因為我有點醉了。4.?在中國北方，三月份往往多風(fēng)。

5.?盡管如此，政府已經(jīng)同意總支出增加6.2%。6.信息被定義為通過陳述事實向大腦傳達(dá)的知識，它可以有多種形式。Cloze

XII.1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.C 4.Fear, uncertainty, and doubt, together with lack of control.11.C 12.B 13.A 14.A 15.A Structured Writing: My hometown and my college town have several things in common.First, my hometown is a small town.It has a population of only about 10,000 people.Located in a rural area, it is surrounded by many acres of farmland which are devoted mainly to growing corn and soybeans.As for my college town, it is small too.Having a population of about 11,000 local residents, it lies in the center of farmland which is used to raise hogs and cattle.Therefore living in my college town makes me feel at home.I enjoy it.Section B Comprehension of the Text II.1.F 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.T 7.T 8.F Vocabulary III.1.tidy

2.prevail

3.emotional

4.imitating

5.discourage 6.bargain 7.wander

8.superficial

9.concealed 10.accompanies IV.1.turned out 2.is not really up to 3.went to great lengths 4.acting out 5.spoke of 6.Judging by 7.out of character 8.took sides 9.blow his cover 10.more or less

新視野大學(xué)英語（第二版）第二冊Unit 7答案 Unit 7 Comprehension of the Text I.1.You should learn to take charge of your life and recognize there are many things beyond your control.2.Being tense may cause tremendous and rapid increases in their blood pressure.3.They found the excess alarm or stress chemicals could literally burst heart muscle fibers, creating many short circuits and causing crazy heat rhythms.5.One kind is professional women, and the other kind is people who have no compass in life.6.The NICE factors –new, interesting, challenging experiences.7.Cut it down to 6 and set priorities.8.You must learn to flow.Vocabulary III.1.react??? 2.tense?? 3.recommended??? 4.destructive 5.perceive 6.emphasis 7.stirred??? 8.priority??? 9.attributed??? 10.stimulate IV.1.blow his top? 2.Among other things 3.take charge of 4.put emphasis on 5.is attributed to??6.from my viewpoint 7.substituted low-fat oil for butter 8.cut down on 9.keep your audience in mind 10.out of control V.1.N?? 2.E?? 3.G?? 4.J?? 5.I?? 6.A?? 7.C?? 8.L?? 9.D?? 10.O Word Building VI.1.endless??? 2.thoughtful??? 3.harmful??? 4.restless 5.beautiful 6.successful??? 7.fearless?? 8.joyful VII.realize??? privatize characterize??? socialize nationalize?? economize normalize?? criticize 1.nationalized 2.criticized?? 3.normalized?? 4.economize

5.realized? 6.socializing 7.privatized?? 8.characterizes Sentence structure VIII.1.When you are studying abroad, misunderstandings can result from cultural differences, among other things.2.Online learning requires, among other things, commitment and discipline to keep up with the flow of the course.3.The research work was severely criticized for

its poor management, among other things.4.They discussed, among other things, the future of the oil industry.5.The article shows, among other things, the negative effects of generation gap between parents and children.IX.1.The more often I practice, the better I play.2.The higher we got up in the air, the colder it became.3.The more carbon the steel contains and the quicker the cooling is, the harder the steel becomes.4.The more I thought about his suggestion, the more doubtful I became.5.The more he eats, the fatter he becomes.Translation X.1.At the meeting they discussed, among other things, the present economic situation.2.The more I learned about the nature, the more absorbed I became in its mystery.3.The doctor recommends that those stressed people should try something new, interesting and challenging in order to give their negative feelings an outlet.4.The teacher gives more homework to the student who has bad grades instead of cutting it down.5.By contrast, American parents are more likely to attribute their children's success to natural talent.6.One of a teacher's priorities is to stimulate students' interests and their creativity.XI.1.除了其他內(nèi)容，他的研究還牽涉到發(fā)展中國家與愛滋病的斗爭。

2.這些人明白了他們的服務(wù)越好，他們就掙得越多。

3.盡管父親似乎憂慮不安，但蘇珊感覺不到他在表情或行動上有什么變化。

4.能獲得多少經(jīng)濟(jì)資助已成為學(xué)生選擇上哪所學(xué)校的更重要的因素。

5.她已經(jīng)減少了外出和買衣服的花費,但她還是沒錢開始還債。

6.控制壓力的方法之一是認(rèn)識到生活中有很多事情是我們無法掌控的。CLOZE XII.1.D 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.D 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.B Structured Writing

My friend Jack has become a workaholic.He has too strong a desire to prove himself.According to him, good enough is never good enough.While others want only to finish a few things, he aims to do everything by himself.Also, he is unwilling to spend time with his family, playing with the dog, or going fishing.He would feel guilty if he did so, because he believes that all his time should be spent working.He even wishes that he could have a day of 26 hours or even more.He has become a workaholic whether he likes it or not.Section B

Comprehension of the Text II.1.F 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T?? 6.F 7.F?? 8.T Vocabulary III.1.constant?? 2.ambition?? 3.consequence?? 4.evident?? 5.summarize

6.welfare 7.schedule?? 8.attaining?? 9.loyal 10.indispensable IV.1.There isn't anything to do other than wait to see what will happen.2.Although Bill was going to the movies, he told Joe to the contrary.3.I wonder who it was that defined man as a rational animal.4.Traveling in that country isn't necessarily expensive;you can find reasonably priced hotels and restaurants.5.Janet tends to get angry if you bother her.6.I would rather walk there than go by bus.7.She was held for twenty days and at times she feared for her life.8.He's been burning the midnight oil for a week

now, getting ready for finals.9.For many people the only possible way to escape from poverty is to move to other countries.10.Born in Milan, he dropped out of university to devote himself to music.新視野大學(xué)英語（第二版）第二冊Unit 8答案 Unit 8 Comprehension of the Text I.1.Today’s college beginners are more consumeristic and less at any time in the 17 years of the poll.2.It is less important than being financially well off or successful.3.Work is not the only thing they live for, and they are meant to do more.4.To help students become aware of the meaning of life.5.Education teaches us to see the connections between things as well as see beyond our immediate needs.6.We can improve our moral sense by acquiring knowledge accumulated throughout the ages.7.In the long run, education should be about teaching people how to distinguish right from wrong.8.We ought to give our ability to our work but our genius to our lives.Vocabulary III.1.render 2.contribution 3.popular 4.institutions 5.enrolled

6.diverse 7.accumulated 8.distinguish 9.puzzling 10.confine IV.1.His past record is certainly something he is proud of.2.The members of the committee, after a two-hour discussion, finally arrived at a solution.3.If we want to arrive there in time, we have to travel by day as well as by night.4.I was shocked when I read of his death in a newspaper.5.According to the police, the young man was arrested at the scene of the robbery.6.There is nothing more frustrating than spending hours searching for information, only to discover the information useless.7.It is unnecessary to worry a lot.In fact, things will get better in the long run.8.My smile was meant to show interest in this trip, but Carla was far too intelligent to believe it showed anything of the sort.9.The number of students who want to be enrolled in engineering courses is way up.10.The little girl is so fond of her dog that she gives it a piece of chocolate every day.V.1.A

2.D

3.M

4.N

5.E

6.J

7.C

8.L

9.G

10.H Word Building VI.1.weekly

2.attractive

3.worldly

4.costly

5.secondary

6.leisurely 7.earthly 8.customary 9.protective 10.progressive

11.sickly

12.momentary 13.manly 14.orderly VII.1.backward(s)2.strangely

3.outward(s)4.unfortunately

5.homeward(s)6.originally 7.sadly 8.inward(s)

Sentence structure VIII.1.On no account will they give up the plan.2.Little does he know much his parents love him.3.Not until he read the report did he realize what a serious mistake he had made.4.Hardly could the poor old man fall asleep with a pain in his leg.5.Under no conditions will we give in to their demands.IX.1.While I agree it is a tough problem, I don’t think it cannot be solved.2.While Sara cannot come to help us, she will give us some suggestions.3.While people admit pollution is very serious, few are willing to take measures.4.While it’s raining hard now, it will clear up anytime.5.While it is true we need money badly, we cannot steal it.Translation X.1.Little did she know that this picture would one day be worth more than a million dollars.2.While I understand what you say, I don’t agree with you on the issue.3.I think the police are meant to protect people.4.I went to see him yesterday, only to find that he had gone abroad several days before.5.At the weekly meeting, everyone must confine their remarks to the subject.6.If only I hadn’t said those silly words!I was too young then to distinguish right from wrong.XI.1.五年前我?guī)缀醪粫氲浇裉煳視c這么多來自世界各地的學(xué)生坐在一起學(xué)習(xí)英語。2.雖然這些職位給你帶來榮耀和權(quán)力，但是它也賦予你巨大的責(zé)任。

3.從長遠(yuǎn)來看，糧食生產(chǎn)和人口增長之間的競爭難以輕易解決。

4.有時我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，自己爬上了成功的階梯，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)階梯靠在錯誤的墻壁上。（即：我們爬上去了，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)不是自己真正追求的東西。）5.新計劃的目的是讓年輕人快速走上管理崗位。

6.這個年輕人志向高遠(yuǎn)，非常希望能有所成就，讓父母為他驕傲。

Cloze XII.1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.A 11.C 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.D 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.A XIV.There has been a sad tendency among youngsters in valuing material things more and more.For college students, the most popular subjects that they prefer to choose are accounting, computer programming, business, etc.When they graduate from colleges, the jobs they prefer to choose are sales representative, advertisement designing, international business, etc.Fewer and fewer people are choosing teaching or social services as their life career.Section B

Comprehension of the Text II.1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.F 8.F Vocabulary III.1.eliminate 2.displayed 3.implicit 4.promotion 5.motivated

6.prospect 7.constructed 8.civil

9.preference 10.absence IV.1.Correct form: in particular;synonym: especially/particularly

2.Correct form: in short;synonym: in brief

3.Correct form: are committed to;definition: promise to do(sth.)

4.Correct form: based … on;definition: use… as a basis

5.Correct form: By/In comparison;synonym: compared to

6.Correct form: at large;synonym: as a whole;in general

7.Correct form: happy with;synonym: satisfied with

8.Correct form: associated with;synonym: connected with

9.Correct form: ground to a halt;definition: gradually stop

10.Correct form: protect… from;synonym: defend… from

新視野大學(xué)英語（第二版）第二冊Unit 9答案 Unit 9

Comprehension of the Text I.1.His mother.Because she influenced his thoughts and attitudes toward life.2.He learned from his mother that one should never quit.3.The family was homeless, jobless and penniless with three babies waiting to be fed.4.She quit school to find a job as a grocer and moved the family to live with her brother, Allen.5.She discovered in him a talent for words.6.Though very poor, she signed him up for a set of books for intermediate and advanced readers.7.He worked as a reporter with the Baltimore Sun and later with The New York Times.He won the Pulitzer Prize.8.No, she didn’t have the chance to know of it because her health collapsed, but she always believed in it.Vocabulary III.1.ambitious 2.sympathize 3.tender 4.considering 5.corruption 6.scattered 7.intermediate 8.corresponding 9.equivalent 10.deceived IV.1.to 2.around 3.to/with 4.up 5.out 6.to 7.out 8.of 9.From 10.in V.1.J 2.M 3.F 4.L 5,A 6.O 7.G 8.D 9.I

10.C Word Building VI.1.After working extra hours for several months, I have repaid the money to the bank.2.I didn’t enjoy the story at first, but I came to like it when I reread it.3.He replaced the book on the shelf when he finished it.4.She is slowly regaining he strength after the accident.5.The old city center was redesigned after the war.6.She was asked to reconsider her decision to leave the job.7.After the disaster the government spent millions of dollars helping the local people to reconstruct their homes.8.The museum has such a fine set of old paintings that it is worth revisiting.VII.1.dishonest 2.discouraged 3.displeased 4.discontinued

5.disappearing 6.discharged 7.disclosed 8.dislike

Sentence Structure VIII.1.I’ve made up my mind to marry him even if my mother objects.2.She has problems finding a job even if she gets a Bachelor’s degree.3.Even if you normally have good skin, some pats of the face may become dry during the winter.4.The young man felt great sadness even if he did not find the words to express it.5.Even if you don’t watch music programs, you’ve probably heard his songs.IX.1.The clearer a goal is , the easier it is to decide whether the goal is achievable.2.The angrier I got, the less he said.3.The larger the city is, the greater the increase in population is.4.The longer they stick to their goal, the greater the chances of success are.5.The more expensive the restaurant is, the better the food it serves.Translation X.1.I am sure that I will make something of myself, even though I have not achieved any major success so far.2.I have been working hard for so many years;I feel I am entitled to a good future.3.When her husband deserted her, leaving her with nothing but scattered pieces of life to pick up, she went insane.4.From my standpoint, Mother was too hard on me then, without taking my feelings into account.5.When I reached the summit of my professional career, mother's words “Never be a quitter in face

of life” were constantly in my mind.6.You should know better than to play football in the street.XI.1.詹姆士是個誠實的人，盡管我反對他這個人，我還是要這樣說。

2.組織越龐大，越難做出決定。3.是真英雄方能臨危不懼。4.持有該票者能免費入場。

5.在英國，他是第一個有意識的從事散文寫作并且有所建樹的人。

6.失業(yè)半年后，她報名參加了烹飪班，希望能盡快找到工作。Cloze 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D Structured Writing XIV.Some people think that books are the main source of himan knowledge, summaries of what people have acquired in their struggle with nature and society.Moreover, with the rapid development of modern society, book knowledge is updated from time to time.For these people, books are everything.However, book knowledge is not everything!Books can never cover all the things and happenings in the world.Book knowledge is only a recording of what has been discovered.There are many mysteries unsolved and we can find no answers from books up to now.So if one does not try to learn something beyond books, it will be difficult for one to cope with some practical problems.We should develop our ability through practice and observing the world.It is not practical to rely on books only.Section B Reading Skills I.1.C 2.B 3.B 4,C Comprehension of the Test II.1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.D 8.A Vocabulary III.1.scope 2.integrate 3.regarding 4.guarantee 5.disabled 6.undertake 7.excluded 8.deserves 9.rarely 10.relevant

IV.1.He is a man who prefers action to words.2.The child was told time and time again not to go near the railway but he didn't seem to listen.3.John studied hard before the examination and it paid off.He made an A.4.In the meantime, focus your attention on something that you're really interested in and never quit.5.With reference to the school uniform policy, there were various thoughts and feelings among students.6.Would you please look at my paper and give your suggestions about it?

7.I felt obliged to go over there to say sorry to him as I didn't want to hurt his feelings.8.It only took about 30 minutes before the high school was filled up with the survivors of the disaster.9.He slipped and broke his leg.As a result, he will have to be away from school for two or three months.10.This newly invented device will help those people who tend to get themselves injured.新視野大學(xué)英語（第二版）第二冊Unit 10答案 Unit 10

Comprehension of the Text I.1.He was head of the European staff of the Columbia Broadcasting System and a news broadcaster.2.He felt sorry for the suffering of London during the attach by the German bombers.3.Because he believed that whatever London had to endure, it could not be destroyed.4.They were sure about their ultimate triumph over England.5.They believed that London would surrender

after it became a burned city.6.Because they had the English Channel as a barrier against the Nazi ground forces, and they had the Royal Air Force to battle the Nazi in the sky.7.On the one hand, they stayed calm and tried to continue living their lives;on the other hand, they did their best to help to defend their nation.8.He predicted that the English people would win the final victory.Vocabulary III.1.channels 2.rescued 3.royal 4.survival 5.crash 6.Whichever 7.punishment 8.cast 9.endured 10.surrender IV.1.over 2.in 3.in 4.on 5.under 6.on 7.down 8.for 9.after 10.off

V.1.O 2.H 3.M 4.J 5.K 6.G 7.C 8.A 9.F 10.E Word Building VI.1.misreported 2.misprinted 3.misspells 4.misplaced 5.misunderstood 6.misusing/ misuse 7.mistake 8.misled VII.1.broaden 2.irresponsible 3.protective 4.characterized 5.redoubling 6.fashionable 7.unfair 8.disobeys Sentence Structure VIII.1.as though he wee the only person who scored over 90.2.as though she had seen a ghost there 3.as though he were her own son 4.as though he were attending a party.5.as though he knew everything.IX.1.You should wear whichever dress suits you best for the evening party.2.You can settle down in whichever area you choose.3.Whichever(of you)comes first will receive a gift.4.All my books are here.You may borrow whichever you like.5.I have several spare rooms.Whichever you want is yours.Translation X.1.I remember the whole thing clearly as though it had happened yesterday.2.Whichever of them writes the best essay will win the prize.3.It turned out that the budget provided for a salary increase one year later.4.She did the same job day after day and year after year, but she never complained.5.She endured all kinds of hardships on the journey;nothing could keep her from finding her lost daughter.6.Don't get mixed up with that gang.They have committed many bad things in broad daylight.XI.1.市民搶購瓶裝水，就好像接下來幾天飲用水可能會短缺似的。

2.學(xué)會用最適合你自己的辦法放松，是一種有助于健康的積極辦法。

3.在戰(zhàn)役中，為數(shù)不多的戰(zhàn)士們英勇抗敵，壯烈犧牲。

4.他們奮戰(zhàn)了4個多小時才將大火控制住，避免了危險的火勢蔓延到整個小鎮(zhèn)。

5.他告訴她，不管遇到什么麻煩，她都永遠(yuǎn)有一位可依賴的朋友。

6.銀行可以貸款給一些小公司以防它們倒閉。Cloze XII.1.B 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.A 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.D Structured Writing XIV.London would not surrender.All the people of London were in the front lines.They put out endless fires from the heavy bombing.They dug quickly in cellars to rescue their friends who had been buried underneath the wreckage.London people prepared to fight on with every possible

means until the last Englishman died or the invaders were driven off.Section B Comprehension of the Text II.1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.F 8.F Vocabulary III.1.expose 2.sectors 3.layout 4.dizzy 5.historical 6.exploded 7.heal 8.luxury 9.uneasy 10.swaying IV.1.wanting in 2.made for 3.break off 4.gave way to 5.sank into 6.remained of 7.left his key to the door behind 8.was seized with fear 9.sank into 10.taken… in

第三篇：全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程第一冊詞匯

全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程第一冊

詞匯

———人的這一生如果沒有一段回想起來就熱淚盈眶、熱血沸騰的日子，那么這一輩子就白混了。

《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊 Unit 1 Test A off and on 斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地，有時 take hold 生根，確立

associate 使聯(lián)系起來，使聯(lián)想

assignment（分配的）工作，任務(wù)，作業(yè) turn out 編寫，制作 paragraph 段落

agony(身心的)極度痛苦 assign 分配，分派 cheerless陰郁的，沉悶的 tedious乏味的，冗長的 reputation 名聲，名譽 inability無能，無力

inspire激勵，鼓舞

formal 刻板的，拘謹(jǐn)?shù)模降?，正?guī)的 rigid一成不變的，嚴(yán)格的 out of date過時的 excessively過分地

prim古板的，拘謹(jǐn)?shù)?，循?guī)蹈矩的，整潔的 severe樸素的，嚴(yán)重的，劇烈的 wavy波形的，波浪形的 necktie領(lǐng)帶

pointed有尖的，尖的 jaw頜，顎

comic 滑稽的，喜劇的，連環(huán)漫畫（冊）antique古物，古玩

tackle處理，應(yīng)付

informal（指講話，文字）口語體的，非正式的

essay散文，小品文，論說文 distribute分發(fā)，分配，分送 finally最終，終于

face up to勇敢地接受或?qū)Ω?scan瀏覽，粗略地看

spaghetti意大利式細(xì)面條

title標(biāo)題，題目，給...加標(biāo)題，加題目于 extraordinary不同尋常的，奇特的

sequence一連串相關(guān)的事物，次序，順序 image形象，印象，（圖）像 vivid生動的，逼真的

adult成年人，成年動物 recall回想起，回憶起

social社會的，社交的，交誼的

respectable可敬的，體面的，文雅的 put down寫下

recapture再現(xiàn)，再次經(jīng)歷 relive再體驗，重溫 violate違背，違反 compose創(chuàng)作

turn in交（作業(yè)）

command命令，指令

discipline懲罰，處分，紀(jì)律 what’s more而且，此外，更有甚者 contempt輕視，輕蔑

ridicule嘲笑，嘲弄，被戲弄 open-hearted誠摯的

enjoyment愉快，歡樂，滿意 hold back控制（感情，眼淚等）avoid避免

demonstration表明，證明 calling職業(yè)，使命

career生涯，事業(yè)，職業(yè) seal印章，圖章 essence本質(zhì)，精髓 《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊 Unit 1 Test B tradition傳統(tǒng) award授予，給予

valedictorian致告別詞的畢業(yè)生代表 maintain保持，維持 look forward to盼望 participate in參加

registration登記，注冊 fee費（如會費等）gym健身房，體育館 compare to相比，比得上

falsify竄改，歪曲 plus（常置于被修飾詞后面）比...略好（或略高）一些的，加，加上 tie平手，不分勝負(fù) drown out（指聲音）淹沒 here and there 各處 filter滲過，滲透 resign順從，聽任，辭職 make it辦成，做到，趕上 principal校長，院長 policy方針，政策 regarding關(guān)于，至于 dignity尊嚴(yán)

muster激起，聚集 represent代表，象征 expectation期待，預(yù)期 clasp緊抓，緊握

significance意義，意思 hoe用鋤除（草），用鋤整（地）spring up迅速生長或出現(xiàn)

delicate脆弱的，柔軟的

withdrawn沉默寡言的，不善交際的 drag拖著腳步走 exception例外 tremble顫抖，哆嗦

yell叫喊

innocent天真無邪的，清白的 hug擁抱 pat輕拍 《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊 Unit 2 Test A be lost in（lose oneself in）專心致志于

windshield（汽車的）擋風(fēng)玻璃 cab出租車

available可用的，可得到的 apologetically 道歉的，帶有歉意的 or something諸如此類的事 go ahead 繼續(xù)，開始

know/learn by heart記住，能背出 on the road 在旅途中

estimate估計 might/may(just)as well不妨，（也）無妨 not much of a不太好的 keep up保持

correspondence通信（聯(lián)系），信件 practically自始至終，一直 neighborhood街坊，四鄰 kind/sort of有幾分，有點兒 lose touch（with sb）失去聯(lián)系 guy家伙，伙計

a couple of幾個，一對，一雙

tough不幸的，困難的，堅固的，堅強的 on one’s mind 記掛在心頭

keep in touch（with）（與...）保持聯(lián)系，保持接觸

come up(尤指意想不到地)發(fā)生，出現(xiàn) shrug聳（肩）urge力勸，催促

postpone推遲，使延期

reference提及，談到，參考，查閱 absolutely完全地，極其

reunion（家人，朋友，同事等久別后的）重聚

go by（時間）逝去 hang out閑蕩，徘徊

every now and then有時

mostly幾乎全部，多半，大體

awful非常的，極大的，可怕的，糟糕的 choke（使）窒息，堵塞

choke up(因激動等)哽得說不出話，堵塞 destination目的地 skip略過，跳過，跳躍

sorrowful傷心的，悲傷的

in the distance在(相當(dāng))遠(yuǎn)處 unpack打開

right away立刻，馬上

《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊 Unit 2 Test B

let down使失望，不幫助 burn off燒掉 peer仔細(xì)看

uneasy不安的，擔(dān)心的 bump顛簸著前進(jìn) get rid of消滅，除去 stuff東西，原料 tow拖，拉，牽引 soak（使）浸透 pitch顛簸

swing（使）突然轉(zhuǎn)向

burst into突然（燒，哭等）起來 flame火焰，火舌 spin（使）旋轉(zhuǎn) fling拋，扔，擲

roar轟鳴（聲），吼叫（聲）crash撞，撞壞，墜毀 steer駕駛 bare赤裸的 grip緊握

explosion爆炸

extent程度，范圍 injury傷害，損傷

worse still更糟糕的是

in bad/good shape 身體狀況差（好）despair絕望

hang on 堅持

permanently永久地，固定地 principle信條，原則，原理 draw on利用，動用，靠 character品德，品質(zhì)，性格 lean倚，靠

exclaim驚叫，呼喊 grab一把抓住 slide（使）滑動

ease減輕（痛苦，負(fù)擔(dān)等）grin咧嘴笑

medal獎?wù)?，獎牌，勛?/p>

courageous勇敢的，無畏的

rescue援救，營救

highlight最重要的事件，最精彩的部分

《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊

Unit 3 Test A likely可能的,可能 privileged有特權(quán)的 privilege特權(quán) minority少數(shù)

do without沒有...而設(shè)法對付過去 highly很，非常 risky危險的，有風(fēng)險的 nasty令人難受的

brutish野獸般的，野蠻的

anyway不管怎么說

put/turn the clock back倒退，開倒車 cut off切斷，中斷，切下，剪下 competition競爭，比賽 bring about引起，導(dǎo)致 moreover而且，再者

inquiring好問的，愛探索的 inquire詢問

global世界的，全球的 suppress抑制，壓制

initiative首創(chuàng)精神，主動 inventiveness發(fā)明才能，創(chuàng)造力 slow down減慢 rate速度，比率 ensure保證，確保 democratic民主的

informed有知識的，了解情況的，明智的inform告訴，通知

at the moment此刻，目前

in two minds猶豫不決，三心二意 steady平穩(wěn)的，穩(wěn)定的 evident明顯的 cartoon漫畫，動畫片 element成分，元素 astronomy天文學(xué)

series連續(xù)，系列，系列節(jié)目 fiction小說，虛構(gòu)

harness駕馭，利用 background背景 acid酸（性的），酸味的（物質(zhì)）

greenhouse溫室

nuclear原子核的，核心的

weapon武器

genetic基因的，遺傳（學(xué)）的 engineering工程，工程學(xué) basis基礎(chǔ) lie in在于

rote死記硬背

learn by rote死記硬背地學(xué)習(xí)relevance相關(guān)，關(guān)聯(lián)

in terms of從...方面（或角度）來說，按照，根據(jù)

equation等式，方程（式）brief簡潔的，短暫的 mathematical數(shù)學(xué)的 halve將...減半

tend傾向，趨向

in the form of呈...的形狀，以...形式 precise精確的

qualitative定性的，性質(zhì)上的 grasp掌握，了解

concept概念

sufficient充分的，足夠的 convey傳達(dá)，表達(dá) diagram圖表，圖解 framework框架，結(jié)構(gòu) molecular分子的

transistor晶體管，晶體管收音機 put across解釋清楚，使被理解 proportion比例，部分 truly真正地，確實地 magic魔術(shù)，魔力

fit into適合，符合，屬于

producer（電影，電視片等的）制片人，生產(chǎn)者，制造人

responsibility責(zé)任 educate教育

entertain給...以歡樂，招待 hence因此，從此 contact與...接觸 alien外國的，陌生的 civilization文明

《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊 Unit 3 Test B deadline最后期限

headline（報紙上新聞報導(dǎo)等的）標(biāo)題 immediately直接地，貼近地 victim受害者，罹難者 frustrate使沮喪，使灰心 yield泄露，產(chǎn)生

step by step逐步地，穩(wěn)定地 outcome結(jié)果

result in導(dǎo)致，結(jié)果是 gradual逐漸的，漸變的 process過程 conclusion結(jié)論 propose提出，建議 random任意的，隨機的 compare with與...比較 evaluate評估，評價

characterize成為...的特征 bulk大部分，（巨大的）體積 submit提交，呈遞

publish發(fā)表，出版

professional專業(yè)的，職業(yè)的

press release(通訊社或政府機構(gòu)等發(fā)布的）新聞稿 challenge挑戰(zhàn) amount數(shù)量，總數(shù)

wear down(使）變小，變少，變?nèi)?/p>

organic有機（體）的，只施用有機肥料的trumpet大肆宣揚 reverse挫折，逆境 somehow以某種方式

《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊

Unit 4 Test A driveway宅旁私家車道 mow修剪（草坪），刈（草）lawn草地，草坪

comprehend理解,了解,領(lǐng)會

turn away拒絕幫忙，不讓...進(jìn)入 weed除去...的雜草，除草，雜草，野草 assume假設(shè)，以為

compliment贊揚，贊美的言辭或行為 work out制定出，解決，算出 weekly每周的，一周一次的

clean up打掃，清除

do with對待，處理

determination決心，決定

personnel人事部門，全體人員，全體職員 apprentice學(xué)徒 capacity能力，才能 blueprint藍(lán)圖

micrometer測微計，千分尺 precision精密，精確（性）turn down拒絕

skilled熟練的，有技巧的，技術(shù)性的 grinder磨工

grind磨，磨碎，碾碎

instrument工具，器械，儀器

for sale待售 wreck殘破物，（尤指失事船只，飛機等的）殘骸

call on拜訪

banker銀行家，銀行高級職員 loan借，貸，貸款

character（人的）品德，品質(zhì)，性格 damn絲毫

reluctantly勉強地

mortgage抵押借款，按揭 down payment定金，（分期付款的）初付款額

discard拋棄

odds and ends零星雜物，瑣碎物品 screen紗門，紗窗，屏，熒屏 hardware五金器具，（計算機的）硬件 spot地點，斑點 confidence信心 amaze使驚愕，使詫異 amazement驚愕，詫異

diet日常飲食

send for派人去叫，召喚，派人去取 hunt尋找，打獵，獵取 abandon拋棄，放棄

property（房）地產(chǎn)，財產(chǎn) shed小屋，棚

sometime某個時候

sponsor為...做保證人，主辦，發(fā)起，保證人，主辦人，發(fā)起人

amuse逗樂，給...提供娛樂

approach接近

millionaire百萬富翁 pass away去世

check on檢查，調(diào)查，察看 handle管理，處理，操縱 livable適于居住的

homey舒適的，像家一樣的 stature身材，身高，境界

industrialist工業(yè)家，實業(yè)家 route路線，路程

principle信條，原則，原理 vision遠(yuǎn)見，視覺，視力 optimism樂觀，樂觀主義 above all最重要的是 integrity正直，完整

rung（梯子的）橫檔，梯級 basement地下室 giant巨大的，巨人 balance平衡，余額 balance sheet資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表 decimal小數(shù)

（接尾頁）bat眨（眼睛）claim聲稱，斷言

commonplace普通的，平凡的 section（事物的）一部分 circumference圓周

factor將...分解因子，因素 quadratic二次的

sole唯一的

contribute作出貢獻(xiàn)，貢獻(xiàn)出 ultimate最終的，根本的 《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊 Unit 4 Test B illegal不合法的，違法的

immigrant（外來）移民，移民的，移入的 taco stand賣玉米面卷的攤子

connection連接，聯(lián)系，（可資利用的）熟人，關(guān)系

put up with忍受，容忍 in search of尋找 head for向...行進(jìn) supervise監(jiān)督，指導(dǎo) land贏得，得到

temporary暫時的，臨時的 response回答，反應(yīng)

risk冒...的危險，（使）遭受危險，危險，風(fēng)險

acquire（靠自己的能力，努力等）取得，獲得，學(xué)到

make（both）ends meet勉強維持生計，使收支相抵

associate’s degree準(zhǔn)學(xué)士學(xué)位 environment環(huán)境，周圍狀況 on the side作為兼職

stand a chance of有...的希望，有...的可能

prospect前景，預(yù)期，展望 reserve保留，儲備，預(yù)訂 rare稀有的，罕見的，不尋常的 former以前的，早先的，舊時的 quit停止，放棄

deserve應(yīng)受，應(yīng)得，值得

impress給...深刻的印象，使欽佩 show up來到，露面 flip轉(zhuǎn)動，使翻轉(zhuǎn)

humanistic人道主義的，人本主義的

《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊

Unit 5 Test A obituary訃告 die of死于

coronary冠狀動脈的

thrombosis血栓（形成）

acquaintance相識的人，（略微的)了解 instantly立刻，馬上 workaholic工作狂

classic典范，典型，典型的

day off休息日

conceivably可想到的，可想象的 retire退休

executive（企業(yè)等中的）行政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，管理人員

extracurricular課外的 monthly每月的，每月一次的 golf高爾夫球運動 salad色拉，涼拌蔬菜

overweight肥胖的，超重的，過重的 survivor遺留的家屬，幸存者，生還者 survive比...活得長，經(jīng)歷...后幸存 marketable適合市場需求的，可出售的 mother撫育（孩子）give up放棄

compete競爭，對抗

compete against/with與...競爭，與...對抗

care for照看，照顧 dearly非常地

beloved深愛的，親愛的

eldest第一個出生的，年齡最大的 manufacturer（尤指用機器）大量制造 funeral葬禮

embarrass使尷尬，使局促不安 newly新近地

married結(jié)婚的，已婚的 odd臨時的，不固定的 grass大麻

grab at抓住，奪得

favorite特別受喜愛的人（或物），最喜歡的

stay up醒著，不去睡

board為...提供膳宿，搭伙，寄宿 widow寡婦 deceased死的

the deceased已死的人 replace代替，取代

look sb in the eye直視某人 bitter憤怒的，委屈的，怨恨的 straighten out解決

finance財政，金融，財源，財力 stock股票，證券，公債 option期權(quán)，選擇

stock option股票期權(quán)，優(yōu)價認(rèn)股權(quán) and all that諸如此類的 heart-attack心臟病發(fā)作 natural非常適合的人

pick out辨認(rèn)出，分辨出

lineup（為接受檢查等而排列的）一行人，一排人

discreet謹(jǐn)慎的，（言行）審慎的 inquiry打聽，詢問

replacement接替者，替代物 ask around四處打聽

《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊

Unit 5 Test B pop up出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生

enthusiastic極感興趣的，熱心的 among others（除列舉到的之外）還有許多 distract使分心

relationship關(guān)系，關(guān)聯(lián)，親屬關(guān)系 socialize交往，交際 delegate授（權(quán)），把...委托給下級 input投入（物），輸入 typically通常，典型地 disarray混亂，紊亂

intimacy親昵關(guān)系，親密 divorce離婚 focus on集中

depression憂愁，沮喪 link連接，聯(lián)系

concern擔(dān)心，憂慮，關(guān)心的事 extreme極度的

in short總之，簡言之

well-being康樂，安樂

solution解決，解決方法，解答 addition癮，沉溺 survey調(diào)查

priority優(yōu)先考慮的事 relax松弛，放松 detail細(xì)節(jié)

oriented以...為方向的，重視...的 schedule將...列為計劃表 overall包括一切的，總的 fulfilling令人心滿意足的 reliable可信賴的，可靠的

diversion轉(zhuǎn)向，轉(zhuǎn)移

productive多產(chǎn)的

on one’s own獨自地，獨立地 staff全體雇員 let go松開，釋放

《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊

Unit 6 Test A valentine情人

make one’s way走去 grand宏偉的，壯麗的

absorb完全吸收住...的注意，吸收 margin頁邊空白

reflect反映，顯示

thoughtful深思的，體貼的 insightful具有洞察力的 insight洞察力

previous早先的，先前的

locate找到...的位置，使坐落于 correspond通信

ship（尤指用船）運送

overseas去（在）國外（的），去（在）海外（的）

fertile肥沃的，富饒的

romance愛情故事，風(fēng)流韻事 bud發(fā)芽，萌芽，（枝葉的）芽，花蕾 haunt使擔(dān)憂，使苦惱，（鬼魂）常出沒于 take a chance(on sth)碰運氣，冒險 disgust使厭煩，使反感 whichever無論哪個或哪些 lapel（西服上衣的）翻領(lǐng)

sustain支持，使（努力等）持續(xù)下去，保持

unfailing永恒的，無窮的 slim苗條的，細(xì)小的，微小的 curl鬈發(fā)

chin下巴，頦

provocative挑逗的，挑釁的 curve（使）彎曲

go sb’s way與某人同路 murmur輕聲說，咕噥

more than a little很，非常 ankle踝，踝節(jié)部

thrust擠入，插入，猛推

heel（鞋，襪等的）后跟，腳后跟，踵 split（使）裂開，破裂 keen強烈的，熱切的 longing渴望 companion陪伴 uphold支持，維護(hù)

sensible通情達(dá)理的，理智的 kindly親切的，和藹的，仁慈的 glow光亮，光輝

hesitate躊躇，猶豫 grip握緊，緊握

leather（動物的）皮，皮革 identify識別

grateful感激的

be grateful to(sb)for(sth)為某事感激某人

square挺直（肩膀）

salute（向...)行舉手禮

lieutenant海軍上尉，陸軍中尉 broaden（使）變寬，（使）擴(kuò)大 wisdom智慧，明智

in response to作為對...的回應(yīng) 《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊

Unit 6 Test B come across偶然遇見，碰上 make out辨認(rèn)出 hope for希望，期待 clue線索

identify身份 other than除了 nursing home（尤指接納老年人的）私人療養(yǎng)院

exchange交換，互換

match up to與...一樣好，比得上 lead線索

for sure毫無疑問

security治安保衛(wèi)，安全，安全感 goodness天哪

relief輕松，寬慰

be in love with(sb)熱戀著（某人）come to an end結(jié)束 adjust校準(zhǔn)，調(diào)準(zhǔn)

catch up on(sth)事后了解關(guān)于...的情況，彌補（耽擱下來的工作等）knot（繩等的）結(jié)

tie the knot結(jié)婚

erect挺直的，直立的

《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊

Unit 7 Test A

extensively廣泛地，大量地 intelligence智力

intelligent聰明的，有才智的 controversy爭論，爭議 surround圍繞，包圍 consciousness意識 explore探究，探索 obvious明顯的

vet獸醫(yī)

keeper（動物園的）飼養(yǎng)員 encounter遇到，遭遇 reveal展示，揭露

convince使確信，使信服 feat技藝，業(yè)績，功績

captivity被俘，監(jiān)禁，束縛 dominant統(tǒng)治的，占優(yōu)勢的 species物種

planet行星

make a deal達(dá)成交易

conservationist自然資源保護(hù)論者 gorilla大猩猩

suspicious可疑的，猜疑的 peanut花生

only to結(jié)果卻，不料 blank有表情的，空白的 negotiate談判，協(xié)商 stake獎品，獎金，賭注 pineapple鳳梨，菠蘿

relieve使減輕痛苦或焦慮等，減輕（痛苦或焦慮等）

orangutan猩猩

undertake從事，承擔(dān)（任務(wù)等）anthropologist人類學(xué)者 figure out理解，推斷出

extend延伸，伸展，擴(kuò)大，加長 dealing交易，買賣

chip薄片，碎片，集成電路片 expand擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展 switch轉(zhuǎn)換，變換 foil金屬薄片，箔 virtuous有道德的，善良的 promptly立即地 stem莖，（樹）干，（葉）梗 whale鯨

cooperate合作，協(xié)作

behaviorist行為主義者

in sb’s interest(s)為了某人的利益 go far幫助很大，很有成效 consultant顧問 behavior舉止，行為 assess評估，估量

judgment判斷，意見，看法 mate配偶，伙伴，同事 thrive茁壯成長，興旺 at first起先 stretcher擔(dān)架

emergency緊急情況，突然事件 go wrong有毛病的，出故障 halt停住，停止 throw up嘔吐

apparently明顯地 size up估量，判斷 release釋放 slide（使）滑動 primate靈長目動物 evidence證據(jù)，跡象 deceive欺騙

inaccessible達(dá)不到的，難得到的 original最初的，原始的 colony（生長在同一地方的動物或植物）群，群體，殖民地gaze凝視，注視 give in讓步，屈服，投降

underneath在（...）下面，在（...）底下 pea-brained笨的 turtle（海）龜

survival生存，幸存 disaster災(zāi)難 wipe out消滅，消除 dinosaur恐龍

horizon眼界，見識，地平線

《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊 Unit 7 Test B cautious謹(jǐn)慎的

display流露，顯示，展示

adequate充分的，足夠的 accompany陪伴，陪同 exhibit展示 nest巢，窩

vacant無表情的，空著的

not have the heart（to do sth)不愿，不忍心（做某事）status地位，身份

flock（鳥，獸等）一群

pull oneself together振作起來 at first sight乍一看，一見之下 instinct本能，生性

purchase買，購買

nevertheless然而，雖然如此 twist轉(zhuǎn)動，（使）扭曲，扭傷 pair off（使）成對，成雙 decline謝絕 take to喜歡上

reproduce生殖，繁育

magnificent宏大的，壯觀的，出色的 shed light on闡明

tolerance容忍，寬容，忍耐 heap（sth）on（sb）大量地給予（某人）（某物）

marital婚姻的，夫妻的 field biologist野外生物學(xué)家 coyote（北美草原的）郊狼 indicate表明

observe觀察，注意 lick舔 tell of講述 otter獺，水獺

get around各處走動

make a habit of形成...的習(xí)慣 alarm使驚慌，使恐慌

by any chance或許，可能 in the world竟然，到底，究竟 reject拒絕接受

《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊

Unit 8 Test A

fable寓言

teenager青少年

run out of用完，耗盡 file檔案，卷宗 folder文件夾

drugstore（兼營雜貨的）藥房 handful一把，少量

modestly不太多，不太大，適中 upset使苦惱，使心煩意亂 ignorant無知的，不知道的 ignorance無知，愚昧

senior（大學(xué)或中學(xué)）畢業(yè)班的學(xué)生 private私人的，私有的 slice部分，（薄薄的）一片 calculation計算 nonexistent不存在的

chill（使）變冷，（使）不寒而栗 indifference漠不關(guān)心 sum總結(jié)，概述，合計 sum up總結(jié)，概括 financial財政的，金融的 accumulate積累，積聚 ancestor祖先，祖宗 intellectual智力的 affect影響

industrial工業(yè)的

function運作，起作用，作用，功能 idle懶散的，空閑的

jam發(fā)生故障，卡住，堵塞

break down停止運轉(zhuǎn)，失敗，垮了

drive（sth）home(to sb)使清楚無誤地理解

humble謙卑的，卑微的

dramatize將...改編為劇本，將...戲劇化headphone頭戴式受話器，耳機

portable便攜（式）的，手提（式）的 peasant農(nóng)民，雇農(nóng) county（英國的）郡，（美國的）縣 hut小屋，棚屋 search for尋找 poverty貧窮，貧困 leisure空閑，閑暇

luxury奢侈品，奢華，奢侈 mill工廠，制造廠 subway地鐵

better off更富有，更舒服 foe敵人

scare（使）驚慌，（使）恐懼

foxhole散兵坑（小型掩體）

wake up醒了

porter（旅館，火車站等的）搬行李工人，搬運工人

complex復(fù)雜的

manual體力的，手工做的 slum貧民窟

plumbing（水，煤氣等）管道設(shè)施

privacy（不受干擾的）獨處，隱私，隱秘 trash垃圾，廢物

befriend幫助，以朋友態(tài)度對待 swear發(fā)誓，宣誓

make a living by靠...維持生計 miracle奇跡

faculty官能

contemptible令人鄙視的，可輕蔑的 coward懦夫

《大學(xué)英語綜合教程》第一冊

Unit 8 Test B ditch拋棄，丟棄

multiplication乘法，倍增 off-limits禁止使用的 access接近，進(jìn)入，享用 seminar研討會

benefit好處，利益，有益于 device裝置，設(shè)備 call for要求

discourage使灰心，使泄氣 in the first place首先 proceed繼續(xù)進(jìn)行

competent有能力的，能勝任的 essential必要的，最重要的

adolescent青少年 concentrate on集中（注意力，精力等）于 solve解決（問題，困難等）appropriate適當(dāng)?shù)?，得體的 cut down減少

reflect on思考，沉思 effective有效的 confuse使困惑

what if如果...怎么樣 communicate交流，交際 strategy策略，戰(zhàn)略 at hand在手邊，臨近

第四篇：大學(xué)英語第2冊期末考范圍及題型

10級《大學(xué)英語》（Book 2）期終考試范圍及題型說明

一、考試范圍：

(1)《綜合教程》Units 4~6 Text A及課后練習(xí)；

(2)《綜合教程》課文背誦段： Unit 4(Paras.11-13)，Unit 5(Paras.12)，Unit 6(Paras.8-9)，(3)Test Yourself(Units 5-8)P.138-141

(4)英語訓(xùn)練課：08年6月卷，08年12月卷，10年12月卷，《實戰(zhàn)指南》中的Test

4二、考試題型:

I.聽力15%（1*15）（客觀題）

短對話，短文等形式。

II.Vocabulary and Structure25%(1*25)（客觀題）

1.《綜合教程》Units 4-5課后練習(xí)Language Focus 中的Vocabulary,Structure；

2.Test Yourself(Units 5-8)P.138-141。

課后那個總練習(xí)30題里考7道278頁

分別是***55358題

III.Reading Comprehension15%(1*15)（客觀題）

2篇選自08年6月卷，08年12月卷，10年12月卷，《實戰(zhàn)指南》中的Test 4中的閱讀部分，1篇課外。

08年12月的第二篇閱讀不考test4的閱讀不考

完型貌似就是考10年那套

IV.Cloze20%

1.1篇選自08年6月卷，08年12月卷，10年12月卷，《實戰(zhàn)指南》中的Test

4中的Cloze部分

2.1篇選自Units 4~6課文中的要求背誦部分，填空詞給首字母

cloze選自08年12月或者10年12月其中一篇背誦考6單元可能最大 V.Translation10%（2*5）

Units 4~6 Text A及課后練習(xí)和08年6月卷，08年12月卷，10年12月卷，《實戰(zhàn)指南》中的Test 4中的Translation 部分

test4會考到翻譯一道

VI.Writing15 %

test4會考到翻譯一道

版權(quán)所有，請勿未經(jīng)允許私自轉(zhuǎn)載

第五篇：新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第二版第2冊課文翻譯

新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第二版第2冊課文翻譯

UNIT1

1.美國人認(rèn)為沒有人能停止不前。如果你不求進(jìn)取，你就會落伍。這種態(tài)度造就了一個投身于研究、實驗和探索的民族。時間是美國人注意節(jié)約的兩個要素之一，另一要素是勞力。

2.人們一直說：“只有時間才能支配我們?！比藗兯坪醢褧r間當(dāng)作一個差不多是實實在在的東西來對待。我們安排時間、節(jié)約時間、浪費時間、擠搶時間、消磨時間、縮減時間、對時間的利用作出解釋；我們還要因付出時間而收取費用。時間是一種寶貴的資源，許多人都深感人生的短暫。時光一去不復(fù)返。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)讓每一分鐘都過得有意義。

3.外國人對美國的第一印象很可能是：每個人都匆匆忙忙──常常處于壓力之下。城里人看上去總是在匆匆地趕往他們要去的地方，在商店里他們焦躁不安地指望店員能馬上來為他們服務(wù)，或者為了趕快買完東西，用肘來推搡他人。白天吃飯時人們也都匆匆忙忙，這部分地反映出這個國家的生活節(jié)奏。人們認(rèn)為工作時間是寶貴的。在公共用餐場所，人們都等著別人盡快吃完，以便他們也能及時用餐，你還會發(fā)現(xiàn)司機開車很魯莽，人們推搡著在你身邊過去。你會懷念微笑、簡短的交談以及與陌生人的隨意閑聊。不要覺得這是針對你個人的，這是因為人們都非常珍惜時間，而且也不喜歡他人“浪費”時間到不恰當(dāng)?shù)牡夭健?/p>

4.許多剛到美國的人會懷念諸如商務(wù)拜訪等場合開始時的寒暄。他們也會懷念那種一邊喝茶或喝咖啡一邊進(jìn)行的禮節(jié)性交流，這也許是他們自己國家的一種習(xí)俗。他們也許還會懷念在飯店或咖啡館里談生意時的那種輕松悠閑的交談。一般說來，美國人是不會在如此輕松的環(huán)境里通過長時間的閑聊來評價他們的客人的，更不用說會在增進(jìn)相互間信任的過程中帶他們出去吃飯，或帶他們?nèi)ゴ蚋郀柗蚯?。既然我們通常是通過工作而不是社交來評估和了解他人，我們就開門見山地談?wù)?。因此，時間老是在我們心中滴滴答答地響著。

5.因此，我們千方百計地節(jié)約時間。我們發(fā)明了一系列節(jié)省勞力的裝置；我們通過發(fā)傳真、打電話或發(fā)電子郵件與他人迅速地進(jìn)行交流，而不是通過直接接觸。雖然面對面接觸令人愉快，但卻要花更多的時間，尤其是在馬路上交通擁擠的時候。因此，我們把大多數(shù)個人拜訪安排在下班以后的時間里或周末的社交聚會上。

6.就我們而言，電子交流的缺乏人情味與我們手頭上事情的重要性之間很少有或完全沒有關(guān)系。在有些國家，如果沒有目光接觸，就做不成大生意，這需要面對面的交談。在美國，最后協(xié)議通常也需要本人簽字。然而現(xiàn)在人們越來越多地在電視屏幕上見面，開遠(yuǎn)程會議不僅能解決本國的問題，而且還能通過衛(wèi)星解決國際問題。

7.美國無疑是一個電話王國。幾乎每個人都在用電話做生意、與朋友聊天、安排或取消社交約會、表達(dá)謝意、購物和獲得各種信息。電話不但能免去走路之勞，而且還能節(jié)約大量時間。其部分原因在于這樣一個事實：美國的電話服務(wù)是一流的，而郵政服務(wù)的效率則差一些。

8.有些初來美國的人來自文化背景不同的其他國家，在他們的國家，人們認(rèn)為工作太快是一種失禮。在他們看來，如果不花一定時間來處理某件事的話，那么這件事就好像是無足輕重的，不值得給予適當(dāng)?shù)闹匾?。因此，人們覺得用的時間長會增加所做事情的重要性。但在美國，能迅速而又成功地解決問題或完成工作則被視為是有水平、有能力的標(biāo)志。通常情

況下，工作越重要，投入的資金、精力和注意力就越多，其目的是“使工作開展起來”

UNIT

21.尼克萊·彼得羅維奇·安尼金一點都不像我想象的那么嚇人。不，他不可能是我父親特地送我來見的那位前蘇聯(lián)教練。

2.可他的確是尼克萊·彼得羅維奇·安尼金本人。他請我進(jìn)門，在沙發(fā)上坐下，又拍了拍身邊的墊子，讓我坐在他旁邊。在他面前，我真的很緊張。

3.“你還年輕，”他的英語帶著俄語口音：“如果你愿意試著向奧林匹克運動會進(jìn)軍，我想你能行。長野奧運會來不及參加了，但你可以準(zhǔn)備參加2002年鹽湖城奧運會。”

4.“完全可以，不是嗎？”看到我臉上驚愕的表情，他又說道。我那時是一個很有前途的業(yè)余滑雪運動員，但在國內(nèi)決不是頂尖選手。“當(dāng)然，你需要進(jìn)行很多艱苦的訓(xùn)練，你會哭鼻子，但你一定會進(jìn)步的。”

5.的確，后來我經(jīng)歷了無數(shù)痛苦的訓(xùn)練，還為此流了不少眼淚。但在后來的五年里，我總能從尼克萊講的有趣故事和他的幽默感中得到鼓勵。

6.他開始總是說：“我的朋友們常去看電影，去跳舞，去和女孩子約會，”然后他會壓低嗓門接著說：“我就在運動場上訓(xùn)練、訓(xùn)練、再訓(xùn)練。第二年，我的15公里滑雪比賽成績縮短了1.5分鐘?！?/p>

7.“朋友們問我：‘尼克萊，你怎么做到的呢？’我回答：‘你們?nèi)タ措娪?、跳舞、和女孩子約會，而我一直在訓(xùn)練、訓(xùn)練、再訓(xùn)練?！?/p>

8.故事通常到這兒就結(jié)束了。但有一次──后來我們知道那天是他結(jié)婚25周年紀(jì)念日──他穿著一件舊的毛衣，很自豪地站著，微笑著輕聲說道：“告訴你們，我可是在26歲那年才第一次親吻女孩子。她后來就和我結(jié)了婚?！?/p>

9.不管他是不是懂得浪漫，尼克萊知道什么是愛。他以一貫的幽默、默默的感恩、敏銳的感覺和真誠的態(tài)度為愛設(shè)立了奧林匹克般的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。即使在我結(jié)束了滑雪生涯之后，我仍一直努力去達(dá)到那個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

10.但他又從不嬌慣我。二月里的一天，我頭很疼，感到十分疲倦。我在一片空地上遇見了他，在寒風(fēng)中的雪地里滑了大概十五分鐘后，我趕上了他，有點小題大做地說：“嘿，尼克萊，我感覺我要死了。”

11.“如果活到一百歲，人人都會死的，”他對我的痛苦無動于衷，態(tài)度堅決地接著說：“但你現(xiàn)在必須滑、滑、再滑?！?/p>

12.在滑雪板上，我照他說的去做。但在其他事情上我會反抗他。在一次經(jīng)費并不寬裕的滑雪露營活動中，他讓我們十個人擠在一個單身漢住的芬蘭式屋子里。第一天我們醒來時發(fā)現(xiàn)尼克萊正在做早餐。然后我們坐在臨時拼湊起來的椅子上，圍著張小小的牌桌，用勺子很快地吃完早飯。吃完后，尼克萊把摞起來的油膩膩的碗向我和我唯一的另一個女隊友前一推，武斷地說：“女孩子們，現(xiàn)在去洗碗吧！”

13.我把餐巾往地上一扔，向他罵道：“讓該死的男孩子們?nèi)ハ窗桑∵@不公平！”他沒再讓我去洗碗，也沒對我的大發(fā)脾氣顯得太在意。他只在滑雪時才顯露出強烈的情感。

14.訓(xùn)練的時候，他會歲著我們邁步的節(jié)奏大聲發(fā)出指令：“對，就這樣，一二三，一二

三?！?/p>

我祖父的一個好朋友──一位上了年紀(jì)的女士──看了尼克萊帶我訓(xùn)練的錄像帶后問道：“他也教舞蹈嗎？”

15.在訓(xùn)練時，我一刻不停地糾正著尼克萊指出的錯誤。每完成一個動作，我都會問他自己是否有了進(jìn)步。

16.“是的，還行。但如果膝蓋能屈得更快些就更好了?！?/p>

17.“可我滑得夠快了嗎？”我堅持問他。

18.最后他會皺起眉頭說：“你得無數(shù)次地重復(fù)，動作才能達(dá)到完美。”他提醒我“必須

有耐心”，言語之間流露出“我已經(jīng)告訴過你無數(shù)次了”的意思。

19.尼克萊的耐心和我的勤奮使我贏得了全國第四名的好成績，并開始為奧運會季前賽做準(zhǔn)備。但后來我沒能被選拔去參加2002年奧運會。

20.去年夏天，我回去拜訪尼克萊。他給我沏了茶......還自己洗了碗！我們坐在沙發(fā)上聊天。

懷念起前一年的奧林匹克隊，我一時沉默，回想起自己曾經(jīng)獲得的一切──很重要的一點就是我和這個穿著頗具熱帶風(fēng)情襯衫、個子不高的男人之間形成了并不張揚但又牢不可摧的紐帶。

21.尼克萊教會我即使需要無數(shù)次的努力，也要憑借勇氣、熱情和嚴(yán)格的紀(jì)律來堅持下去。他還教會我為了能在這世界上生活一輩子而預(yù)先心存感激，并每天提醒自己：即便面臨許多挑戰(zhàn)，“現(xiàn)在心里有的必須是愛、愛、愛?！?/p>

UNIT 3

1.我和蓋爾計劃舉行一個不事張揚的婚禮。在兩年的相處中，我們的關(guān)系經(jīng)歷了起伏，這是一對情侶在學(xué)著相互了解、理解和尊重時常常出現(xiàn)的。但在這整整兩年間，我們坦誠地面對彼此性格中的弱點和優(yōu)點。

2.我們之間的種族及文化差異不但增強了我們的關(guān)系，還教會了我們要彼此寬容、諒解和開誠布公。蓋爾有時不明白為何我和其他黑人如此關(guān)注種族問題，而我感到吃驚的是，她好像忘記了美國社會中種族仇恨種種微妙的表現(xiàn)形式。

3.對于成為居住在美國、異族通婚的夫妻，我和蓋爾對未來沒有不切實際的幻想。相互信任和尊重才是我們倆永不枯竭的力量源泉。

4.許多夫妻因為錯誤的理由結(jié)了婚，結(jié)果在10年、20年或30年后才發(fā)覺他們原來是合不來的。他們在婚前幾乎沒有花時間去互相了解，他們忽視了嚴(yán)重的性格差異，指望婚姻會自然而然地解決各種問題。我們希望避免重蹈覆轍。事實更說明了這一點：已經(jīng)結(jié)婚35年的蓋爾的父母正經(jīng)歷著一場充滿怨恨、令人痛苦的婚變，這件事給蓋爾帶來了很大打擊，并一度給我們正處于萌芽狀態(tài)的關(guān)系造成了負(fù)面影響。

5.當(dāng)蓋爾把我們計劃舉辦婚禮的消息告訴家人時，她遇到了一些阻力。她的母親德博拉過去一直贊成我們的關(guān)系，甚至還開過玩笑，問我們打算何時結(jié)婚，這樣她就可以抱外孫了。但這次聽到我們要結(jié)婚的消息時，她沒有向我們表示祝賀，反而勸蓋爾想清楚自己的決定是否正確。

6.“這么說我跟他約會沒錯，但是如果我跟他結(jié)婚，就錯了。媽媽，是不是因為他的膚色？”蓋爾后來告訴我她曾這樣問她母親。

7.“首先我必須承認(rèn)，剛開始時我對異族通婚是有保留意見的，也許你甚至可以把這稱為偏見。但是當(dāng)我見到馬克時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)他是一個既討人喜歡又聰明的年輕人。任何一個母親都會因為有這樣一個女婿而感到臉上有光的。所以，這事跟膚色沒有關(guān)系。是的，我的朋友們會說閑話。有些朋友甚至對你所做的事表示震驚。但他們的生活與我們的不同。因此你要明白，馬克的膚色不是問題。我最大的擔(dān)心是你也許跟我當(dāng)初嫁給你爸爸一樣，為了錯誤的原因而嫁給馬克。當(dāng)年我和你爸爸相遇時，在我眼中，他可愛、聰明、富有魅力又善解人意。一切都是那么新鮮、那么令人興奮。而且我們兩人都認(rèn)為，我們的婚姻是理想婚姻，至少表面上看是如此，而且一切跡象都表明我們的婚姻會天長地久。直到后來我才明白，在我們結(jié)婚時，我并不十分理解我所愛的人——你的爸爸?！?/p>

8.“但我和馬克呆在一起已有兩年多了，”蓋爾抱怨道?！拔覀z一起經(jīng)歷了許許多多的事情。我們彼此多次看到對方最糟糕的一面。我可以肯定時間只能證明我們是彼此深情相愛的?！?/p>

9.“你也許是對的。但我還是認(rèn)為再等一等沒壞處。你才25歲?！?/p>

10.蓋爾的父親戴維——我還未見過他的面——以知事莫若父的態(tài)度對待我們的決定。他問的問題基本上和蓋爾母親的問題相同：“干嗎這么匆忙？這個馬克是什么人？他是什么公民身份？”當(dāng)他得知我辦公民身份遇到了問題時，就懷疑我是因為想留在美國而娶他女兒的。

11.“不過爸爸，你這話講得太難聽了，”蓋爾說。

12.“那么干嗎要這樣著急？”他重復(fù)地問。

13.“馬克是有公民身份方面的問題，但他總是在自己處理這些問題，”蓋爾辯解道?！笆聦嵣?，當(dāng)我們在討論結(jié)婚的時候，他清楚地表明了一點：如果我對任何事情有懷疑，我完全可以取消我們的計劃。”

14.她父親開始引用統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)說明異族通婚的離婚率比同族結(jié)婚的要高，而且還列舉了接受過他咨詢的、在婚姻上有麻煩的異族通婚夫婦的例子。

15.他問道：“你考慮過你將來的孩子可能會遭受的苦難嗎？”

16.“爸爸，你是種族主義者嗎？”

17.“不，當(dāng)然不是。但你必須得現(xiàn)實一點。”

18.“也許我們的孩子會遇到一些問題。但誰的孩子不會呢？可是有一樣?xùn)|西他們將會永遠(yuǎn)擁有，那就是我們的愛?！?/p>

19.“那是理想主義的想法。人們對異族通婚生下的孩子是會很殘酷的?！?/p>

20.“爸爸，到時候我們自己會操心的。但是假如我們在做什么事之前，就必須把所有的疑難問題全部解決的話，那么我們幾乎什么都干不成了?！?/p>

21.“記住，你什么時候改變主意都不晚。”

UNIT 4

1.大中央車站問詢處桌子上方的數(shù)字鐘顯示：差六分六點。約翰·布蘭福德，一個年輕的高個子軍官，眼睛盯著大鐘，看確切的時間。六分鐘后，他將見到一位在過去13個月里在他生命中占有特殊位置的女人，一位他素未謀面、卻通過書信始終給予他力量的女人。

2.在他自愿參軍后不久，他收到了一本這位女子寄來的書。隨書而來的還有一封信，祝他勇敢和平安。他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很多參軍的朋友也收到了這位名叫霍利斯·梅內(nèi)爾的女子寄來的同樣的書。他們所有的人都從中獲得了勇氣，也感激她對他們?yōu)橹畱?zhàn)斗的事業(yè)的支持，但只有他給梅內(nèi)爾女士回了信。在他啟程前往海外戰(zhàn)場戰(zhàn)斗的那天，他收到了她的回信。站在即將帶他進(jìn)入敵人領(lǐng)地的貨船甲板上，他一遍又一遍地讀著她的來信。

3.13個月來，她忠實地給他寫信。即使沒有他的回信，她仍然一如既往地寫信給他，從未減少過。在那段艱苦戰(zhàn)斗的日子里，她的信鼓勵著他，給予他力量。收到她的信，他就仿佛感到自己能存活下去。一段時間后，他相信他們彼此相愛，就像是命運讓他們走到了一起。

4.但當(dāng)他向她索要照片時，她卻婉然拒絕。她解釋道：“如果你對我的感情是真實和真誠的，那么我長什么樣又有什么關(guān)系呢。假如我很漂亮，我會因為覺得你愛的只是我的美貌而時時困擾，那樣的愛會讓我厭惡。假如我相貌平平，那我又會常常害怕你只是出于寂寞和別無他選才給我寫信的。不管是哪種情況，我都會阻止自己去愛你。當(dāng)你來紐約見我時，你可以做出自己的決定。記住，那時候我們兩個人都可以自由選擇停止或繼續(xù)下去──如果那是

我們的選擇??”

5.差一分六點??布蘭福德的心怦怦亂跳。

6.一名年輕女子向他走來，他立刻感到自己與她之間存在著一種聯(lián)系。她身材修長而苗條，漂亮的金色長發(fā)卷曲在小巧的耳后。她的眼睛如藍(lán)色的花朵，雙唇間有著一種溫柔的堅毅。她身穿別致的綠色套裝，猶如春天般生氣盎然。

7.他向她迎去，完全忘記了她并沒有佩戴玫瑰?？此邅恚淖旖锹冻鲆唤z熱情的微笑。

8.“當(dāng)兵的，跟我同路？”她問道。

9.他不由自主地向她靠近了一步。然后，他看見了霍利斯·梅內(nèi)爾。

10.她就站在那少女的身后，一位四十好幾的女人，頭發(fā)斑斑灰白。在年輕的他的眼里，梅內(nèi)爾簡直就是一塊活脫脫的化石。她不是一般的胖，粗笨的雙腿移動時搖搖晃晃。但她棕色的外衣上戴著一朵紅色的玫瑰。

11.綠衣少女快速地走過，很快消失在了霧中。布蘭福德覺得自己的心好像被壓縮成一個小水泥球，他多想跟著那女孩，但又深深地向往那位以心靈真誠地陪伴他、帶給他溫暖的女人；而她正站在那里?，F(xiàn)在他可以看見，她蒼白而肥胖的臉上透著和善與智慧。她灰色的眼中閃爍著溫暖和善良。

12.布蘭福德克制住跟隨年輕女子而去的沖動，盡管這樣做并不容易。他的手抓著那本在他去戰(zhàn)場前她寄給他的書，為的是讓霍利斯·梅內(nèi)爾認(rèn)出他。這不會成為愛情，但將成為一樣珍貴的東西，一樣可能比愛情更不尋常的東西──一份他一直感激、也將繼續(xù)感激的友情。

13.他向那個女人舉起書。

14.“我是約翰·布蘭福德，你──你就是霍利斯·梅內(nèi)爾吧。我非常高興你能來見我。我能請你吃晚餐么？”那女人微笑著?！拔也恢肋@到底是怎么回事，孩子，”她答道：“那位穿綠色套裝的年輕女士──剛走過去的那位──請求我把這朵玫瑰別在衣服上。她說如果你邀請我和你一起出去，我就告訴你她在公路附近的那家大餐廳等你。她說這是一種考驗?！?/p>

UNIT 5

1.我女兒抽煙。她做作業(yè)時，腳擱在前面的長凳上，計算器嗒嗒地跳出幾何題的答案。我看著那包已抽了一半、她隨意扔在手邊的“駱駝”牌香煙。我拿起香煙，走到廚房里去仔細(xì)察看，那里的光線好一點──謝天謝地，香煙是有過濾嘴的。我心里十分難過。我想哭。事實上，我確實哭過。我站在爐子旁邊，手里捏著一支雪白的香煙，制作得非常精致，但那可是會致我女兒于死地的東西啊。當(dāng)她抽“萬寶路”及“普雷厄爾”牌香煙時，我硬起心腸，不讓自己感到難過。我認(rèn)識的人當(dāng)中沒有人抽這兩種牌子的香煙。

2.她不知道我父親、也就是她外公生前抽的就是“駱駝”牌香煙。但是在他開始抽機制卷煙之前──那時他很年輕、也很窮，眼睛炯炯有神──他抽的是用“阿爾伯特親王牌”煙絲自己手工卷的香煙。我還記得那鮮紅的煙絲盒，上面有一張維多利亞女王丈夫阿爾伯特親王的照片，他身穿黑色燕尾服，手里拿著一支手杖。

3.到40年代末、50年代初，我的家鄉(xiāng)佐治亞州的伊騰頓已沒有人再自己手工卷煙了（而且?guī)缀鯖]有女人抽煙）。煙草業(yè)，再加上好萊塢電影──影片中的男女主角都是煙鬼──把像我父親這樣的人完完全全爭取了過去，他們無可救藥地抽煙抽上了癮。然而我父親從來就沒有像阿爾伯特親王那樣時髦過。他還是一個貧窮、過于肥胖、為養(yǎng)活一大家人而拼命干活的男人。他是黑人，嘴里卻總叼著一支雪白的香煙。

4.我記不清父親是什么時候開始咳嗽的。也許開始時并不明顯，只是早晨一下床點燃第一支香煙時才有點微咳。到我16歲，也就是我女兒現(xiàn)在這般年紀(jì)時，他一呼吸就呼哧呼哧的，讓人感到不安；他上樓時每走三、四級樓梯就得停下來休息一會兒，而且，他常常一連咳上一個小時。

5.肺部的病痛把我父親折磨得虛弱不堪，一個嚴(yán)冬，他死于被稱為“窮人之友” 的疾病──肺炎。他咳嗽了這么多年，我想他的肺部已沒有什么完好的地方了。去世前幾年，他的呼吸已經(jīng)很虛弱了，他總得倚靠著某個東西。我記得有一次全家聚會，當(dāng)時我女兒才兩歲，他抱了她一會兒，好讓我有時間給他倆拍張照片。但是很明顯，他是費了好大勁兒的。生命行將結(jié)束前，他才戒了煙，主要是因為他的肺功能已極度受損。戒煙后他的體重增加了幾磅，但當(dāng)時他太瘦了，所以沒人注意到這一點。

6.我到第三世界國家去旅行時，看到了許多像我父親和女兒那樣的人。到處都有針對他們這兩類人的巨大廣告牌：強壯、自信或時髦的成熟男人，以及漂亮、“世故”的年青女子，都在吞云吐霧。就像在美國的舊城區(qū)和印第安人的居留地上一樣，在這些貧困的國家里，那些本應(yīng)該花在食物上的錢卻流進(jìn)了煙草公司。久而久之，人們不但缺少食物，而且還缺少空氣，這樣不但大大地?fù)p害了孩子們的體質(zhì)，還使他們?nèi)旧狭藷煱a，最終還會致他們于死地。我在報紙還有我訂閱的園藝雜志上看到，煙蒂的毒性很強：一個嬰兒如果吞下了一個煙蒂，就很有可能會死去，而沸水加一把煙蒂就成了很有效的殺蟲劑。

7.作為母親，我深深地感到痛苦。有時我有一種無能為力的感覺。我記得自己懷孕時，吃東西的時候是多么小心??！之后在教她如何安全穿過馬路時，又是多么耐心??！有時我納悶：自己這樣做到底是為了什么？難道是為了她今后大半輩子有氣無力地掙扎著呼吸，然后再像她外公那樣自己把自己毒死嗎？

8.我特別喜歡一條寫在受虐婦女收容所里的語錄：“人間和平，始于家庭。”我認(rèn)為世上所有的東西都是如此。我還想起了另一條寫給那些想戒煙的人們的語錄：“每個家庭都應(yīng)該是禁煙區(qū)?！背闊熓且环N自我毀滅，而且也毀滅著那些不得不坐在你身邊的人。那些人偶爾也會取笑或抱怨你抽煙，可常常只能無可奈何地坐在一邊看。我現(xiàn)在意識到，從我還是個孩子起，這些年來我實際上是一直坐在旁邊，看著我父親自殺。對那些生意興隆的煙草公司的巨頭們來說，能在我家取得這樣一種勝利，肯定是夠滿意了。