第一篇：2018年成人高考?xì)v史地理綜合模擬試題及答案（本站推薦）

2018年成人高考?xì)v史地理綜合模擬試題及答案（1）

考生注意：本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。

第Ⅰ卷(選擇題共80分)

一、選擇題：本大題共40小題，每小題2分，滿分80分。在每小題列出的四個選項中，只有一項是符合題目要求的。

1.戊戌變法失敗的最主要原因是()

A.中國資本主義發(fā)展不充分、資產(chǎn)階級維新派十分軟弱

B.依靠沒有實權(quán)的皇帝

C.頑固勢力強大

D.帝國主義的破壞

答案:D

2.確立行政、立法、司法三權(quán)分立的政治原則，具有資產(chǎn)階級共和國憲法性質(zhì)的歷史文獻是()

A.《欽定憲法大綱》

B.《修正大總統(tǒng)選舉法》

C.《中華民國約法》

D.《中華民國臨時約法》

答案:A

3.我國有文字可考的歷史始于()A.夏朝

B.商朝

C.西周

D.春秋

答案：B

4.下列各項不符合歷史事實的是()

A.祖沖之是我國西漢著名的數(shù)學(xué)家

B.《齊民要術(shù)》是北魏時期農(nóng)學(xué)家賈思勰的著作

C.王羲之是東晉時期的書法家

D.《神滅論》是反對佛教的

答案:A

5.在科舉考試中首創(chuàng)武舉和殿試是在()

A.隋煬帝統(tǒng)治時期

B.唐太宗統(tǒng)治時期

C.武則天統(tǒng)治時期

D.唐玄宗統(tǒng)治時期

答案:C

6.受唐朝文化影響而在本國各級學(xué)校教授儒學(xué)的是()A.日本

B.朝鮮

C.印度

D.阿拉伯

答案:A

7.支持王安石變法的皇帝是()

A.宋太祖

B.宋太宗

C.宋神宗 D.宋高宗

答案:C

8.中國近代史以鴉片戰(zhàn)爭為開端，主要是因為()

A.中國自給自足的自然經(jīng)濟已經(jīng)解體

8.中國第一次被西方資本主義強國打敗

C.鴉片戰(zhàn)爭后中國社會性質(zhì)開始發(fā)生變化

D.鴉片戰(zhàn)爭后民族矛盾成為主要矛盾

答案:C

9.下列關(guān)于《天朝田畝制度》的評述，正確的是()

①是幾千年來中國農(nóng)民反封建思想的結(jié)晶

②提出了第一個在中國發(fā)展資本主義的方案

③是一種絕對平均主義思想的反映，不可能實現(xiàn)

④是太平天國后期干王洪仁玕提出的改革內(nèi)政的新方案

A.②③

B.①④

C.②④

D.①③

答案:D

10.著名愛國詩人丘逢甲在《春愁》一詩中寫道：“春愁難遣強看山，往事驚心淚欲潸。四百萬人同一哭，去年今日割臺灣?！边@首詩描寫的歷史事件是()

A.第二次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭

B.中法戰(zhàn)爭 C.甲午中日戰(zhàn)爭

D.八國聯(lián)軍侵華戰(zhàn)爭

答案:C

11.我國徹底廢除幾千年來的封建剝削土地制度的標(biāo)志是()

A.新中國建立

B.全國土地改革基本完成

C.《中華人民共和國憲法》頒布

D.三大改造完成

答案:B

12.為中共十一屆三中全會召開奠定思想基礎(chǔ)的是()

A.《關(guān)于建國以來黨的若干歷史問題的決議》

B.四項基本原則的提出

C.關(guān)于真理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問題的討論

D.《解放思想，實事求是，團結(jié)一致向前看》

答案:C

13.被恩格斯稱為“文藝復(fù)興時期的巨人”的是()

A.加爾文

B.達(dá)·芬奇

C.但丁

D.莎士比亞

答案:B

14.標(biāo)志美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭開始的事件是()A.波士頓傾茶事件

B.來克星頓槍聲

C.第二屆大陸會議召開

D.薩拉托加大捷

答案:B

15.世界被瓜分完畢，資本主義世界體系最終形成是在()

A.19世紀(jì)初

B.19世紀(jì)中期

C.20世紀(jì)初

D.20世紀(jì)中期

答案:C

16.列寧說：“新經(jīng)濟政策的實質(zhì)是無產(chǎn)階級同農(nóng)民的聯(lián)盟，是先鋒隊無產(chǎn)階級同廣大農(nóng)民群眾的結(jié)合?！崩斫饬袑幩f，最能體現(xiàn)這一“實質(zhì)”的是()

A.廢除實物配給制

B.恢復(fù)市場經(jīng)濟

C.用糧食稅代替余糧收集制

D.實行工資級別制

答案:C

17.美國提出“歐洲復(fù)興計劃”的根本目的是()

A.穩(wěn)定歐洲大部分國家現(xiàn)存制度

B.推行“遏制共產(chǎn)主義”政策

C.對蘇聯(lián)和東歐地區(qū)進行經(jīng)濟滲透

D.幫助歐洲復(fù)興經(jīng)濟

答案:A

18.下列對“獨聯(lián)體”的表述正確的是()

A.是在蘇聯(lián)原加盟共和國獨立基礎(chǔ)上成立的

B.它是蘇聯(lián)全民公決的產(chǎn)物

C.它的成立直接導(dǎo)致了“八一九”事件

D.它的組成仿效了前南斯拉夫地區(qū)的做法

答案:A

19.下列口號中，最能反映五四運動性質(zhì)的是()

A.廢除“二十一條”

B.還我青島

C.懲辦賣國賊

D.外爭主權(quán)、內(nèi)除國賊

答案:D

20.抗戰(zhàn)初期，國民政府在正面戰(zhàn)場組織了多次重大戰(zhàn)役。其中，國共兩黨軍隊在戰(zhàn)場上協(xié)同作戰(zhàn)的戰(zhàn)役是()

A.淞滬會戰(zhàn)

B.徐州會戰(zhàn)

C.武漢會戰(zhàn)

D.太原會戰(zhàn)

答案:D 21.讀圖，如果N是北極點，請判斷Q點的方位是在P點的()

A.正東方向 B.正南方向

C.西南方向

D.東南方向

答案:D

22.若東半球處于晝半球時，則下列現(xiàn)象正確的是()

A.北京晝短夜長

B.剛果盆地正值黑夜

C.當(dāng)日赤道正午太陽高度達(dá)一年最大值

D.南極圈內(nèi)出現(xiàn)極夜現(xiàn)象

答案:C

23.周圍與五個大洲相鄰的大洋是()

A.太平洋、北冰洋

B.大西洋、太平洋

C.印度洋、大西洋

D.北冰洋、印度洋

答案:B

24.當(dāng)北極圈內(nèi)極晝范圍最大時，下列四個島嶼晝短夜長的是()

A.庫頁島

B.爪哇島

C.火地島

D.西西里島

答案:C

25.既是兩大洋又是兩大洲分界線的海峽是()

A.馬六甲海峽

B.白令海峽

C.直布羅陀海峽

D.土耳其海峽

答案:B

26.實際相距75千米的兩地，在地圖上距離是3.75厘米，該圖的比例尺是()

A.1：2000000

B.1：200000

C.1：20000000

D.1：20000

答案:A

27.下列關(guān)于降水的敘述，正確的是()

A.高壓控制的地區(qū)，容易形成降水

B.盛行下沉氣流的地區(qū)，降水稀少

C.沿海地區(qū)的山地必然多雨

D.信風(fēng)控制的地區(qū)必然降水少

答案:B

28.下列現(xiàn)象中晝夜溫差最大的是()

A.陸地晝夜晴天

B.海洋晝夜多云

C.海洋晝夜晴天

D.陸地晝夜多云

答案:A

29.當(dāng)?shù)厍蜻\行到遠(yuǎn)日點時，我國出現(xiàn)的地理現(xiàn)象是()

A.長江中下游地區(qū)剛進入梅雨期

B.黃河進入枯水期

C.東部地區(qū)盛行偏北風(fēng)

D.雨帶推移到華北、東北地區(qū)

答案:D

30.下列河湖未參與海陸問循環(huán)的是()

A.洞庭湖、珠江

B.雅魯藏布江、納木錯

C.青海湖、塔里木河

D.額爾齊斯河、貝加爾湖

答案:C 31.下列關(guān)于溫帶海洋性氣候特征的敘述，正確的是()A.全年各月平均氣溫均在10℃以上 B.降水量大，集中在冬季 C.全年盛行西風(fēng)，降水比較均勻 D.氣溫變化曲線變化幅度大 答案:C 32.現(xiàn)在我國對三江平原已經(jīng)停止墾荒，主要原因是()A.保護濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng) B.土地日漸貧瘠，產(chǎn)出降低 C.我國糧食產(chǎn)量已經(jīng)過剩

D.準(zhǔn)備開發(fā)石油資源，建立石油基地 答案:A 33.“西出陽關(guān)無故人”，離陽關(guān)最近的我國古代藝術(shù)寶庫是()A.龍門石窟 B.莫高窟 C.云岡石窟 D.麥積山石窟 答案:B 34.近年來中國老齡化的進程明顯加快，其主要原因是()A.經(jīng)濟發(fā)展迅速和城市化水平高 B.人口自然增長率下降和生活水平提高 C.平均壽命延長和自然增長率上升 D.環(huán)境質(zhì)量改善和人口素質(zhì)提高 答案:B 35.下列鐵路中，整條鐵路均處于我國地勢第一級階梯上的是()A.南昆鐵路 B.成昆鐵路 C.青藏鐵路 D.蘭新鐵路 答案:C 36.近年來北京市場上出現(xiàn)了品種繁多的熱帶花卉，這是因為()①北京自然條件的改變 ②北京市場需求的變化 ③稅收政策的變化 ④交通和冷藏條件的改變 A.①② B.②④ C.③④ D.②③ 答案:B 37.引發(fā)下列環(huán)境問題的原因并不是因為森林減少的是()A.臭氧層破壞 B.土地荒漠化 C.水土流失 D.生物多樣性銳減 答案:A 38.近年來世界一些大型企業(yè)集團紛紛合并，從工業(yè)布局因素考慮主要原因是()A.原料供給方便 B.環(huán)境條件制約 C.爭奪市場份額 D.壟斷資本發(fā)展 答案:C 39.修建水庫容易引起的環(huán)境問題是()A.水源污染 B.土壤鹽堿化 C.酸雨

D.植被種類減少 答案:B 40.我國西北地區(qū)發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)最主要的限制性因素是()A.土地資源不足 B.化肥農(nóng)藥不足 C.勞動力不足 D.水資源不足 答案:D 第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題共70分)

二、非選擇題：41～46小題，共70分。41.指出第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后美國和西方國家推行冷戰(zhàn)政策的主要事例，并概述其主要內(nèi)容。(12分)答案:主要事例有丘吉爾的反蘇反共演說，美國以希臘、土耳其受到威脅為由對蘇聯(lián)等社會主義國家發(fā)動冷戰(zhàn)，“馬歇爾計劃”和組成北約等。丘吉爾的演說公開主張遏制蘇聯(lián)等社會主義國家;美國總統(tǒng)杜魯門以援助希臘、土耳其為由，提出要遏制共產(chǎn)主義;“馬歇爾計劃”借援助西歐經(jīng)濟復(fù)興之名，以經(jīng)濟援助為手段，穩(wěn)定西歐，控制西歐;美國與歐洲一些國家組成政治軍事集團——北大西洋公約組織，針對蘇聯(lián)進行冷戰(zhàn)。

42.閱讀材料，回答問題。

材料一

革命導(dǎo)師并不認(rèn)為自己提出的理論是已經(jīng)完成了的絕對真理或“頂峰”，可以不受實踐檢驗：他們處處時時用實踐來檢驗自己的理論、論斷、指示。

——摘自《實踐是檢驗真理的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》

材料二

有一些同志天天講毛澤東思想，卻往往忘記、拋棄甚至反對毛澤東同志的實事求是、一切從實際出發(fā)、理論與實踐相結(jié)合的這樣一個馬克思主義的根本觀點……他們的觀點，實質(zhì)上是主張照抄馬克思、列寧、毛澤東同志的原話，照抄照轉(zhuǎn)照搬就行了。

——摘自1978年6月2日鄧小平在全軍政治工作會議上的講話

概述真理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問題大討論的內(nèi)容及意義。

答案:(1)為了反對“兩個凡是”的錯誤方針，1978年思想理論界展開了一場真理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問題的討論。(2)這次討論肯定“實踐是檢驗真理的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，否定了“兩個凡是”的錯誤觀點，重新確立了實事求是的馬克思主義思想路線。(3)這是一次深刻的思想解放運動，打破了長期以來的個人崇拜和教條主義思想的束縛，為黨的十一屆三中全會的召開作了思想上和理論上的準(zhǔn)備。

43.讀下列三處景觀圖，回答下列問題：

(1)三地均為世界著名旅游勝地，其中甲處所在國家有_______河流經(jīng)，該國的氣候特征是________________________。

(2)乙處所在國家境內(nèi)的大洲界線是____________________，其在世界交通中的重要性是一。

(3)丙處所在國家的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)，主要經(jīng)濟作物有________________;該國高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展迅速，主要工業(yè)中心在___________________。

(4)今天乙處旅游景觀破壞嚴(yán)重，原因是__________________。

答案:(1)湄公河全年高溫，有明顯的雨季和旱季。(2)蘇伊士運河溝通紅海和地中海，大大縮短了從歐洲、北美洲到印度洋、太平洋的航程。(3)棉花、黃麻、茶葉班加羅爾。(4)地處熱帶沙漠，晝夜溫差大、風(fēng)力強，風(fēng)化、侵蝕強烈。

44.讀圖1-1，完成以下小題：

(1)在圖中用箭頭表示出地球公轉(zhuǎn)的方向。

(2)當(dāng)?shù)厍蛱幱冖谖恢脮r，正值北半球的_________(節(jié)氣)，此時太陽直射的緯線是

____________，下列城市中白晝最長的是：__________(選擇填空)

A.北京

B.上海

C.哈爾濱

D.廣州

(3)當(dāng)悉尼和北京晝長相同時，地球處于——(選擇填空)

A.①

B.⑦

C.③

D.④

(4)當(dāng)?shù)厍蛱幱冖芪恢脮r，北極圈內(nèi)出現(xiàn)______現(xiàn)象，該日后，太陽直射點將向______(方向)移動。

(5)當(dāng)?shù)厍蜃寓傧颌谶\動的過程中，北京的正午太陽高度角逐漸____________(變大或變小)，地球公轉(zhuǎn)的速度將逐漸_________(變快或變慢)

答案:(1)方向：自西向東(逆時針方向)

(2)夏至北回歸線C

(3)AC

(4)極夜北

(5)變大變慢

46.讀圖1-2，回答下列問題：

(1)圖中ab線是我國重要的人口分布地理界線，a是_______省的________，b是________省的_________;(2)ab沿線經(jīng)過的省級行政單位中，有兩個簡稱的共有______個;

(3)我國人口地理的空間分布特點是_____，這一現(xiàn)狀的存在具有一定的合理性，表現(xiàn)在_______________________________;

(4)近年來城市日益密集，形成了6個世界級的超級城市群，其中在我國境內(nèi)的是_________地區(qū)的城市群，除此以外，亞洲還有周邊的城市群;

(5)我國西部地廣人稀，資源豐富，在實施西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略時，為可持續(xù)發(fā)展考慮，必須把________放在工作的首位。

答案:(1)黑龍江黑河云南騰沖

(2)4個

(3)黑河一騰沖線以東南地區(qū)人口稠密，以西北地區(qū)人口稀疏

我國東部沿海地區(qū)土地相對平整肥沃、降水豐沛、水源充足、交通便利、歷史悠久，自然和社會經(jīng)濟條件均較西北為優(yōu)，更適宜于人類生存發(fā)展

(4)長江中下游東京

(5)保護生態(tài)環(huán)境

45.閱讀以下材料，回答問題：

“秦王堅與陽平公融登壽陽城望之，見晉軍部陣嚴(yán)整，又望八公山上草木皆以為兵，顧謂融曰：“此亦勁敵，何謂弱也?”憮然始有懼色?！瘸藙僮窊簟乇髷。韵嗟附宥勒?，蔽野塞川。其走者聞風(fēng)聲鶴唳，皆以為晉兵且至，晝夜不敢息，草行露宿，重以饑凍，死者什七八?！?/p>

——引自《資治通鑒》

回答：

(1)上述材料所反映的著名戰(zhàn)役名稱是什么?交戰(zhàn)雙方分別是誰?

(2)這場戰(zhàn)役結(jié)局如何?原因是什么?

(3)對這場戰(zhàn)役的評價是什么?

答案:(1)淝水之戰(zhàn)。前秦和東晉。(2)東晉取勝，前秦兵敗。東晉軍隊?wèi)?zhàn)斗力強;北方人民希望東晉取勝;前秦統(tǒng)治不穩(wěn)固;前秦軍隊中的漢、羌、鮮卑士兵不愿意為秦軍賣命。(3)淝水之戰(zhàn)是以少勝多的戰(zhàn)役，戰(zhàn)后不久，形成了南北對峙的局面。

第二篇：2007年成人高考考試高起點歷史地理綜合試題及答案-中大網(wǎng)校

中大網(wǎng)校引領(lǐng)成功職業(yè)人生

2007年成人高考考試高起點歷史地理綜合試題及答案

總分：150分

及格：90分

考試時間：120分

一、選擇題：每小題2分，共80分。

(1)司馬遷編著的《史記》的體裁是（）A.編年體 B.記事本末體 C.紀(jì)傳體 D.典制體

(2)三國時期實行招撫流民、發(fā)展生產(chǎn)的土地制度是（）A.屯田制 B.井田制 C.占田制 D.均田制

(3)南北朝時期，南方建立的4個政權(quán)的先后順序是（）A.梁、宋、陳、齊 B.宋、齊、梁、陳 C.齊、梁、陳、宋 D.陳、宋、齊、梁

(4)建議實行兩稅法的唐朝宰相是（）A.房玄齡 B.魏征 C.李林甫 D.楊炎

(5)我國古代著名的歷書《授時歷》的作者是()A.郭守敬 B.僧一行 C.祖沖之 D.沈括

(6)在世界航海史上，最早的大規(guī)模遠(yuǎn)洋航行是（）A.哥倫布到達(dá)南美洲 B.達(dá)·伽馬進入印度

中大網(wǎng)校

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C.鄭和下西洋

D.麥哲倫船隊環(huán)球航行

(7)以下文學(xué)作品中，成書于清代的是（）A.《三國演義》 B.《水滸傳》 C.《西游記》 D.《紅樓夢》

(8)中國近代史開端的標(biāo)志是（）A.第一次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭 B.第二次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭 C.甲午中日戰(zhàn)爭

D.八國聯(lián)軍侵華戰(zhàn)爭

(9)提出“有田同耕，有飯同食，有衣同穿，有錢同使，無處不均勻，無人不飽暖”理想社會的是()A.《資政新篇》 B.《天朝田畝制度》 C.《臨時約法》 D.《同盟會章程》

(10)發(fā)動北京政變，邀請孫中山北上商議和平統(tǒng)一中國的是（）A.蔡鍔 B.黎元洪 C.馮玉祥 D.張作霖

(11)標(biāo)志國共兩黨革命統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線正式建立的是（）A.中共一大 B.北伐戰(zhàn)爭 C.中共三大 D.國民黨一大

(12)長征途中召開的遵義會議是在哪一次軍事行動之后？（）A.四渡赤水河 B.強渡烏江 C.渡過金沙江

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D.飛奪瀘定橋

(13)通過第一部《中華人民共和國憲法》的是（）A.第一屆全國人民代表大會

B.中國人民政治協(xié)商會議第一次全體會議 C.中共七屆二中全會

D.第二屆全國人民代表大會

(14)1971年我國發(fā)生的外交大事是（）A.確定獨立自主的和平外交政策 B.提出和平共處五項原則 C.恢復(fù)在聯(lián)合國的合法席位 D.美國總統(tǒng)尼克松訪華

(15)1689年，英國議會通過《權(quán)利法案》確立的政體是（）A.民主共和 B.君主立憲 C.軍事獨裁 D.君主專制

(16)下列不屬于拿破侖頒布的文件是（）A.《民法典》 B.《商法典》 C.《刑法典》 D.《人權(quán)宣言》

(17)1865年美國發(fā)生的重大事件是（）A.獨立戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā) B.獨立戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束 C.內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爆發(fā) D.內(nèi)戰(zhàn)結(jié)束

(18)1903年研制飛機并試飛成功的人是（）A.愛迪生 B.赫茲 C.萊特兄弟 D.馬可尼

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(19)1943年，中、美、英三國規(guī)定將日本竊取的東北、臺灣、澎湖列島等歸還中國的國際文件是（）

A.《大西洋憲章》 B.《開羅宣言》 C.《德黑蘭宣言》 D.《雅爾塔協(xié)議》

(20)1949年，美、英、法、荷、比等12國的代表在華盛頓簽訂的是（）A.《北大西洋公約》 B.《歐洲聯(lián)盟條約》 C.《聯(lián)合國憲章》

D.《友好合作互助條約》

(21)讀圖l，完成{TSE}題。公轉(zhuǎn)軌道上運行至位置②時是北半球的（）A.春分日 B.夏至日 C.秋分日 D.冬至日

(22)12月22日，太陽直射點位于（）A.赤道 B.北回歸線 C.南極圈 D.南回歸線

(23)下列各旅游景觀，不屬于自然風(fēng)光的是（）A.天山天池 B.峨眉山 C.長江三峽

圖1{TS}地球在中大網(wǎng)校

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D.蘇州園林

(24)發(fā)展高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)最基本的因素是（）A.自然資源豐富 B.科技力量雄厚 C.勞動力資源豐富 D.地理位置優(yōu)越

(25)我國東北地區(qū)能夠種植水稻的氣候條件是（）A.終年降水充沛 B.雨熱同期 C.年溫差大 D.夏季時間長

(26)影響加油站布局的主要因素是（）A.機動車流量 B.居民區(qū)人口數(shù)量 C.汽車制造廠的位置 D.煉油廠的位置

(27)以下國家中，人口自然增長率最低的是（）A.韓國 B.美國 C.德國 D.南非

(28)大量砍伐森林直接造成的環(huán)境問題是（）A.酸雨污染 B.土地肥力下降 C.生物多樣性銳減 D.海平面上升

(29)屬于歐洲內(nèi)海的是（）A.黑海、波羅的海 B.里海、黑海 C.里海、北海

D.渡羅的海、里海

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(30)相互碰撞造成2004年印度洋海底地震并引發(fā)海嘯的兩大板塊是（）A.南極洲板塊和非洲板塊 B.非洲板塊和亞歐板塊 C.太平洋板塊和印度洋板塊 D.亞歐板塊和印度洋板塊

(31)贏得2012年夏季奧運會主辦權(quán)的倫敦，夏季氣候特點是（）A.濕熱多雨 B.炎熱干燥 C.溫和干燥 D.溫和濕潤

(32)煤炭、鐵礦石、石油儲量均居世界前列的國家是（）A.埃及 B.巴西 C.澳大利亞 D.俄羅斯

(33)圖2中甲河流足（）A.亞馬孫河 B.剛果河 C.多瑙河 D.尼日爾河

(34)有中亞石油管線穿越，并與我國接壤的國家是（）A.蒙古

B.哈薩克斯坦 C.烏茲別克斯坦 D.巴基斯坦

(35)分隔我國新疆南疆與北疆的山脈是（）A.阿爾泰山 B.天山

圖2 中大網(wǎng)校

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C.祁連山 D.昆侖山

(36)黃河和長江干流都流經(jīng)的我國省級行政區(qū)是（）A.青海、四川 B.青海、西藏 C.四川、甘肅 D.青海、甘肅

(37)圖3中，①、②、③、④代表的山脈依次為（）圖3 A.昆侖山脈、長白山脈、橫斷山脈、太行山脈 B.唐古拉山脈、長白山脈、橫斷山脈、太行山脈 C.昆侖山脈、大興安嶺、橫斷山脈、太行山脈 D.秦嶺、長白山林、橫斷山脈、太行山脈

(38)圖4中可能有地下水自流出的鉆井是（）

圖4

(39)圖5表明世界海洋表面鹽度分布的規(guī)律是（）

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(40)圖6①、②、③、④各地貌景觀中，主要由風(fēng)蝕作用塑造而成的是（）

圖6 A.① B.② C.③ D.④

二、非選擇題：本大題共7題，共70分。

(1)春秋戰(zhàn)國時期思想文化領(lǐng)域為什么會出現(xiàn)“百家爭鳴”的局面？列舉戰(zhàn)國時期儒家、道家、墨家、法家的代表人物及思想主張。（13分）

(2)簡要述評抗日戰(zhàn)爭期間的平型關(guān)戰(zhàn)役和臺兒莊戰(zhàn)役。(10分)

(3)第二次工業(yè)革命主要表現(xiàn)在哪些方面7各舉一例說明。（12分）

(4)圖7是北半球氣壓帶風(fēng)帶模式囤和洋流模式囤。讀圖7完成下列要求。（8分）

圖7(1)填寫氣壓帶和風(fēng)帶的名稱：氣壓帶中大網(wǎng)校

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C______、E______、G______；風(fēng)帶B______、F______．(2)圖中洋流②、④的名稱分別是，洋流⑤屬于（寒、暖）流。

(5)圖8是某城市簡圖。當(dāng)?shù)叵陌肽晔⑿袞|南風(fēng)，冬半年盛行東北風(fēng)。讀圖8和下面的材料，完成下列要求。（8分）圖8城市合理規(guī)劃應(yīng)遵循以下原則：a商業(yè)區(qū)的土地價格最高，住宅區(qū)班之，工業(yè)區(qū)最低；b用地規(guī)模小、無污染的企業(yè)可布置在城區(qū)；c用地規(guī)模大、有潛在輕度污染的企業(yè)可布置在城市邊緣或近郊區(qū)；d在潛在重度污染的企業(yè)應(yīng)布置在遠(yuǎn)郊區(qū)，并處于盛行風(fēng)向的下方。(1)根據(jù)城市功能區(qū)布局的原則，用直線分別將圖8中代表不同區(qū)域的字母與相應(yīng)的功能區(qū)連接起來。A．商業(yè)區(qū)B．工業(yè)區(qū)C．住宅區(qū)(2)根據(jù)工業(yè)布局的原則，用直線分別將圖8中代表不同地點的序號與自來水廠、重型機、械廠、食品廠和污水處理廠連接起來。①自來水廠②重型機械廠③污水處理廠④食品廠(3)A、B、C三區(qū)中，土地價格最高的應(yīng)是______區(qū)。

(6)讀圖9中字母所代表的地理事物的名稱填寫在橫線上。（5分）圖9

(7)讀圖10，回答下列問題，請將答案填在橫線上。（14分）

圖10(1)圖10中A，B、C、D代表的地理區(qū)分別是：中大網(wǎng)校

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A．______地區(qū)、B．______地區(qū)、C．______地區(qū)、D．______地區(qū)。其中地區(qū)和______地區(qū)位于季風(fēng)區(qū)。(2)從地形、氣候方面看，A區(qū)與B區(qū)的主要差異是：______(3)從氣候、土地利用方面看，C區(qū)與D區(qū)的主要差異是：______

答案和解析

一、選擇題：每小題2分，共80分。(1):C(2):A(3):B(4):D(5):A(6):C(7):D(8):A(9):B(10):C(11):D(12):B(13):A(14):C(15):B(16):D(17):D(18):C(19):B(20):A(21):C(22):D(23):D(24):B(25):B(26):A(27):C(28):C(29):A(30):D(31):D(32):D(33):B(34):B(35):B(36):A 中大網(wǎng)校

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(37):A(38):B(39):D(40):A

二、非選擇題：本大題共7題，共70分。(1): 原因：春秋戰(zhàn)國時期社會出現(xiàn)了大變革。許多思想家從不同立場和不同角度出發(fā)，發(fā)表看法并互相爭論。(3分)戰(zhàn)國時期的代表人物和思想主張；

(1)儒家，孟子。認(rèn)識到“民為貴”、“君為輕”；主張實行“仁政”。（3丹）

(2)道家，莊子。鄙視富貴名利，痛恨社會不公平時現(xiàn)象；主張自然無為。（2分）(3)墨家，墨子。主張“兼愛、非攻”；提倡節(jié)約；選舉賢能。(3分)

(4)法家，韓非子。主張建立君主專制中央集權(quán)的封建國家{依法治國。（2分）（考生若答出其他代表人物及思想主張，可酌情給分。）(2):(1)1937年，日軍進攻由西平型關(guān)。（2分）

(2)八路軍在平型關(guān)伏擊日軍，取得勝利。（1分）

(3)這是抗戰(zhàn)開始后中國軍隊取得的第一次大捷。（2分）(4)1938年，日軍進攻徐州的門戶臺兒莊。（2分）

(5)中日雙主軍隊在臺兒莊激戰(zhàn)，日軍潰敗。（1分）

(6)臺兒莊戰(zhàn)役是抗戰(zhàn)開始以來國民政府在正面戰(zhàn)場取得的重大勝利。（2分）(3):(1)電力和石油等新能源的發(fā)展和利用。發(fā)電機、電燈的發(fā)明。（3分）

(2)內(nèi)燃機的發(fā)明及其在交通運輸方面的應(yīng)用。汽車、飛機的發(fā)明。（3分）(3)通訊事業(yè)的發(fā)展。電話、電報的發(fā)明。（3分）

(4)化學(xué)工業(yè)的建立。炸藥的發(fā)明。（3分）（考生另外舉例，符臺題目要求即可給分。(4):(1)副級地低壓帶 副熱帶高壓帶 赤道低壓帶 極地東風(fēng)帶 東北信風(fēng)帶(2)西風(fēng)漂流 赤道逆流暖(5):（本題8分）(1)（3分，每連對一線得1分）

(2)（4升，每連對一線得1分）

(3)B（1分）

(6): 巴基斯坦 恒 熱帶季風(fēng)氣候阿拉伯 喜馬拉雅(7):(1)（6分，每填對一空得1分）西北青藏 北方 南方 北方（或C）南方(或D)（兩空次序顛倒也可得分）

(2)青藏地區(qū)為高原地形，氣候寒冷 西北地區(qū)地形主要是盆地、山地、高原，氣候干旱(4分)(3)北方地區(qū)降水較少，早地多南方地區(qū)降水較多，水田多。(4分)(2)．(3)答得合理，酌情培分。

中大網(wǎng)校

“十佳網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育機構(gòu)”、“十佳職業(yè)培訓(xùn)機構(gòu)”

網(wǎng)址：004km.cn

第三篇：2011成人高考《英語》模擬試題及答案

2011成人高考《英語》模擬試題及答案(3)

Ⅰ.Phonetics(10 points)

Directions:

In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D.Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation.Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.A.mark B.warm C.ward D.war

2.A.three B.those C.thank D.theatre

3.A.wind B.kind C.find D.mind

4.A.plant B.craft C.grasp D.at

5.A.now B.knowledge C.bow D.allow

6.A.says B.plays C.stays D.days

7.A.leave B.scream C.head D.lead

8.A.resemble B.resist C.resolve D.respect

9.A.fault B.daughter C.cause D.laugh

10.A.crew B.new C.few D.dew

Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure(40 points)

Directions:

There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.11.Which is ______ country, the United States or Canada?

A.a larger B.larger C.the larger D.the largest

12.The silk feels ________.A.soft B.softly C.softness D.softy

13.Two nuclear power stations _______ in the past ten years.A.are built B.have been built C.would be built D.are building

14.They kept on ______ till they got to the foot of the hill.A.to run B.running C.runing D.run

15.There is much work to do, _______?

A.isn’t it B.is there C.isn’t there D.is it

16._______ as he is, he can’t understand the English film.A.A student of English B.Though a student of English

C.Student of English D.Being a student of English

17.The old in the country _______ taken good care of.A.have B.has C.is D.are

18.Not a single mistake _______ in the test.A.he made B.did he make C.he has made D.made he

19.______ my surprise, I got a high grade in this test.A.For B.To C.To be D.On

20.She never agree _______ you, did she?

A.to B.with C.in D.at

21.Would you mind _______ a photo of you?

A.me take B.to take C.my taking D.me to take

22.The lady treats the boy well as if he ______ her own son.A.is B.was C.were D.would be

23._______ round the city, we were impressed by the city’s new look.A.Taken B.Taking C.To be taken D.Being taken

24.He had a pain _______ his back.A.on B.with C.in D.onto

25.The city _______ I was born is on the new railway line.A.which B.that C.on which D.where

26.I had _______ that I would always remember it.A.so a good experience B.such a good experience

C.so good an experience D.such good an experience

27.______ give us help is welcome.A.Who ever B.Whoever C.No matter who D.Those who

28.After running for nearly half an hour, I was ________.A.out of place B.out of control C.out of breath D.out of practice

29.The mother told the little boy to do all the things _______.A.on himself B.on his own C.to himself D.by own

30.You had better _______ a jacket, because it is cold outside.A.take on B.to take on C.put on D.to put on

31.If you will do that, please take me into ________.A.think B.thinking C.thought D.account

32.My pen has _______ ink.A.run out of B.a few C.run away D.no little

33.There are, of course, bad teachers as well as ________.A.good one B.some good C.good ones D.those good

34.“______ haste, the less speed” is good advice he often gives us.A.More B.The more C.The morer D.Morer

35.You do look _______.You are not at all like a person who has been ill in bed for years.A.good B.well C.sad D.disappointed 36.Some people like to eat apples.But some prefer bananas _______ apples.A.to B.for C.with D.against

37.I _______ here two years ago.A.moved to B.have moved C.have moved to D.moved

38.He is _______ strong a man ________ he can lift ten stones like this one.A.such?so B.so?that C.such a ?that D.so a ?for

39.It _______ they who lent me the television.A.was B.is C.were D.are

40.A famous Canadian doctor expressed the value of hobbies by saying, “______ man is really happy without a hobby.”

A.Not B.Without C.No D.None

41.Television broadcasts are ________ to an area that is within sight of the sending station of its relay.A.prohibited B.bounded C.limited D.restricted

42.Many things ________ impossible in the past are common today.A.to consider B.being considered C.considering D.considered

43.My parents wanted _______ me.A.make a scientist B.to make a scientist

C.make a scientist of D.to make a scientist of

44.He has a bad habit of ________ others when they are speaking.A.involving B.investigating C.interfering D.interrupting

45.I like that new watch very much, but I can’t ________it.A.cost B.offer C.pay D.spend

46.Tom arrived at the office and discovered that he had _______ his door key.A.lent B.borrowed C.lost D.no

47.The beautiful scene left a deep _______ on the foreign visitors.A.thought B.idea C.thinking D.impression

48.The room is a little small;_______ it is so hot.A.in addition B.in addition to C.additional D.adding

49.I wish I ______ her address yesterday.A.know B.had known C.would known D.knew

50.It ______ yesterday.The ground is still wet now.A.must have rained B.was raining C.rained D.had rained Ⅲ.Cloze(20 points)

Directions:

For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Insure means to protect _51_ a loss of money.Most people can budget their money so that their income will cover expected expenses _52_ food, clothing, housing, and public services.But, there is no way to know _53_ who will suffer a crisis(危機)such as a serious illness, fire, flood, or a car accident.Such crises usually _54_ great expense.Even if people could predict crises, it would be hard to save enough money to _55_ the expenses.Insurance is a system _56_ a company collects money from many individuals and then pays certain expenses whenever one of those insured individuals is faced with a certain crisis.An insurance policy _57_ how much the insurance costs and how much the company will pay when a policy holder is faced with a certain crisis.There are many different kinds of insurance, _58_ hospital, motor-car and fire.Insurance can be rather expensive but most people buy insurance of some kind.Insurance is something _59_ people buy and hope they will _60_ need.51.A.for B.from C.against D.with

52.A.such as B.for example C.that D.the same as

53.A.predict B.ahead C.in advance D.earlier

54.A.result from B.make C.take D.result in

55.A.cover B.pay back C.fill D.make full

56.A.that B.by which C.what D.where

57.A.said B.agree C.make sure D.states

58.A.include B.including C.as well as D.also

59.A.which B.that C.as D.like

60.A.never B.ever C.sometimes D.often

Ⅳ.Reading Comprehension(60 points)

Directions:

There are four reading passages in this part Each passage is followed by five questions.For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage One

Researchers have found that REM(rapid eye movement)sleep is important to human beings.This type of sleep generally occurs four or five times during one night of sleep lasting five minutes to forty minutes for each occurrence.The deeper a person’s sleep becomes, the longer the periods of rapid eye movement.There are physical charges in the body to show that a person has changed from NREM(non-rapid eye movement)to REM sleep.Breathing becomes faster, the heart rate increases, and, as the name implies, the eyes begin to move quickly.Accompanying these physical changes in the body is a very important characteristic of REM sleep.It is during REM sleep that a person dreams.61.According to the passage, how often does REM sleep occur in one night?

A.Once B.Twice C.Four of five times D.Forty times

62.The word “deeper” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

A.heavier.B.louder.C.stronger.D.happier.63.Which of the following shows that a person is NOT dreaming in his sleep?

A.His eyes begin to move.B.His breathing becomes faster.C.His heart rate increases.D.His eyes stop moving.64.The subject of this passage is ________.A.why people sleep B.the human need for REM sleep

C.the characteristic of REM sleep D.physical changes in the human body

65.Which of the following is the best title of the article?

A.REM Sleep B.Two Types of Sleep C.Sleepers D.What Happens to Sleepers Passage Two

The Mother Goose Stories, so well known to children all over the word, are commonly said to have been written by a little old woman for her grandchildren.According to some people, she lived in Boston, and her real name was Elizabeth Vergoose.Her son-in-law, a printer named Thomas Fleet, was supposed to have published the famous stories and poems for small children in 1719.However, no copy of this book has ever been found, and most scholars doubt the truth of this story—and doubt, moreover, that Mother Goose was ever a real person.They point out that the name is a direct translation of the French “Mere I’ Oye.” In 1697 the Frenchman Charles Perrault published the first book in which this name was used.The collection contains eight tales, including “Sleeping Beauty,” “Cinderella,” and “Puss in Boots.” But Perrault did not originate these stories;they were already quite popular in his day, and he only collected them.66.What is suppssed to have happened in 1719?

Elizabeth Vergoose wrote the first Mother Goose Stories.Thomas Fleet published the Mother Goose Stories.The Mother Goose Stories were translated into French.Charles Perrault published the first Mother Goose Stories.67.Most scholars consider Mother Goose to be _________.A.a real person B.a book written by a little old woman

C.a collection by Elizabeth Vergoose D.a translation from French

68.When Perrault published the first book in 1679, _______.no story of the book had been known to people

some stories of the book were already well known

few people were interested in the stories of the book

stories like “Sleeping Beauty” and “Cinderella” became popular

69.The name used in the first book published in 1679 is supposed to have been _______.A.Mother Goose B.Mere I’ Oye C.Elizabeth Vergoose D.Charles Perrault

70.On the basis of this passage, what may be concluded about the real origin of stories “Sleeping Beauty” and “Cinderella”?

They were invented by Elizabeth Vergoose.They were invented by Thomas Fleet.They were invented by Charles Perrault.Their writers are unknown.Passage Three

Banks are not ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts;they rely on depositors(儲戶)not to demand payment all at the same time.If depositors should come to fear that a bank is not safe, that it cannot pay off all its depositors, then that fear might cause all the depositors to appear on the same day.If they did, the bank could not pay all accounts.However, if they did not all appear at once, then there would always be enough money to pay those who wanted their money when they wanted it.Mrs.Elsie Vaught has told us of a terrifying bank run that she experienced.One day in December of 1925 several banks failed to open in a city where Mrs.Vaught lived.The other banks expected a run the next day, and so the officers of the bank in which Mrs Vaught worked as a teller had enough money on hand to pay off their depositors.The officers simply told the tellers to pay on demand.The next morning a crowd gathered in the bank and on the sidewalk outside.The length of the line made many think that the bank could not possibly pay off everyone.People began to push and then to fight for places near the tellers’ windows, The power of the panic atmosphere was such that two tellers, though they knew that the bank was quite all right and could pay all depositors, drew their own money from the bank.Mrs Vaught says that she had difficulty keeping herself from doing the same.71.A bank run happens when _______.a bank is closed for one or more days

too many depositors try to draw out their money at one time

there is not enough money to pay all its depositors at one time

tellers of a bank take their own money from the bank

72.The tellers in Mrs.Vaught’s bank were told to ________.explain why they could not pay out all accounts

pay out accounts as requested

make the depositors believe that the bank was stand

pay out money as slowly as possible

73.The main cause of a bank run is _______.A.loss of confidence B.lack of money

C.crowds of people D.inexperienced tellers

74.Which of the following did Mrs.Vaught say?

She know that the bank was not sound.She feared that too many depositors drawing their money would close the bank.She was not able to draw out her money.She was tempted to draw out her money.75.According to the passage, the actions of the depositors of Mrs.Vaught’s bank were affected mainly by the _______.ease with which they could get their money

confidence that Mrs.Vaught showed

failure of several other banks to open

confidence shown by other depositors of the bank Passage Four

One of the greatest problems for those settlers in Nebraska in the last quarter of the previous century was fuel.Little of the state was forested when the first settlers arrived and it is probable that by 1880, only about one-third of the originally forested area remained, down to a mere 1 percent of the state’s 77,000 square miles.With wood and coal out of the question, and with fuel needed year-round for cooking, and during the harsh winter months for heating, some solution had to be found.Somewhat improbably, the buffalo provided the answer.Buffalo chips(干糞塊)were found to burn evenly, hotly, and cleanly, with little smoke and interestingly, no odor, Soon, collecting them became a way of life for the settlers’ children who would pick them up on their way to and from school, or take part in competitions designed to counteract their natural reluctance.Even a young man, seeking to impress the girl he wanted to marry, would arrive with a large bag of chips rather than with a box of candy or a bunch of flowers.76.What is the main topic of this passage?

The solution to the Nebraska settlers’ fuel problem.Life in Nebraska in the late ninteenth century.The imporance of the American buffalo.Deforestation in Nebraska in the late nineteenth century.77.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Nebraska was not a densely-forested state even before the settlers arrived.The children enjoyed collecting the buffalo chips.The children spent a lot of time collecting the chips.Buffalo chips were satisfactory as a fuel.78.The passage implies that buffalo chips were needed _______.A.in greater amounts in summer B.in greater amounts in winter

C.only in summer D.only in winter

79.Which of the following does the author not express surprise at?

The children needed competitions to them.The buffalo chips gave off no smell.Buffalo chips were the answer to the settlers’ fuel problem.Young men took bags of buffalo chips to their girl friends.80.What’s the best title of the passage?

A.Early Settlers B.One Use of the Buffalo Chips

C.Nebraska’s Problems D.How Young Men Express Their Love for Girls

Ⅴ.Writing(20 points)

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 20 minutes to write a letter of about 80 words according to the following situation.你叫李平，是英語系學(xué)生會主席。寫一封信給王教授，請他做一個有關(guān)中國歷史的報告。注意信中要包括目的、時間、日期和地點。參考答案

Ⅰ.Phonetics

1.A 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.C

8.D 9.D 10.A

Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure

11.C 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.C 16.C 17.D

18.B 19.B 20.B 21.C 22.C 23.A 24.C

25.D 26.B 27.B 28.C 29.B 30.C 31.D

32.A 33.C 34.B 35.B 36.A 37.D 38.B

39.A 40.C 41.C 42.D 43.D 44.D 45.B

46.C 47.D 48.A 49.B 50.A

Ⅲ.Cloze

51.C 52.A 53.D 54.C 55.A 56.B 57.D

58.B 59.B 60.D

Ⅳ.Reading Comprehension

61.C 62.A 63.C 64.D 65.A 66.B 67.D

68.B 69.B 70.D 71.B 72.B 73.B 74.D

75.C 76.A 77.B 78.B 79.A 80.B

Ⅴ.Writing

May 19,2002

Dear Professor Wang:

On behalf of the Student Union of the English Department, I am writing to invite you to give a lecture on Chinese history.We have planned to have such a lecture at 2:30 p· m.in Lecture Hall 419, on May 25.Looking forward to your lecture.Inform us in advance if you can not come.Sincerely yours，Li Ping 成人高考網(wǎng)絡(luò)在線學(xué)習(xí)http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet1100/

第四篇：2011成人高考《英語》模擬試題及答案

2011成人高考《英語》模擬試題及答案(1)

Ⅰ.Phonetics(10 Points)

Directions:

In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D.Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation.Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.A.head B.horizon C.honour D.human

2.A.city B.bicycle C.face D.climb

3.A.think B.these C.breathe D.with

4.A.ground B.country C.thousand D.found

5.A.pour B.hour C.course D.four

6.A.both B.post C.cold D.son

7.A.altogether B.talk C.always D.also

8.A.suggestion B.nation C.dictation D.satisfaction

9.A.started B.closed C.waited D.needed

10.A.rare B.fare C.scare D.are

Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure(40 points)

Directions:

There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.11._______ idea of _______ sounds much better than Clare’s.A.The, hers B.That, her C.That, hers D.One, her

12.China is famous ________ the Great Wall.A.about B.for C.as D.of

13.Our school ________ new facilities.A.is equipped with B.equips with C.will be equip with D.has equip with

14.I made this myself but it was _______ who taught me.A.he B.him C.himself D.by him

15.He had his bicycle _______ yesterday.A.repair B.repairing C.repaired D.be repaired

16.It was a ________ room, with beautiful wall paper, waxed floor and nice furniture.A.pleased B.pleasant C.pleasing D.preasant

17.He regretted _______the decision too hastily.A.make B.to make C.making D.have maked

18.The professor insisted that we _______ our homework before next month.A.handed in B.will hand in C.hand in D.must hand in

19.It ______ me of the country which we visited last summer.A.remembers B.recalls C.reminds D.tells

20.He _______ smoking at last.A.gave up B.gave out C.gave in D.gave off 21.John was _______ he lay down for an hour before dinner.A.so tired as B.so tired that C.too tired that D.too tired so

22.Your answer is different ________ the teacher’s.A.to B.at C.from D.with

23.It would be _______ a risk to leave the baby alone.A.running B.passing C.carrying D.obeying

24.The fact _______ his health is bad is not true.A.which B.that C.as D.what

25.These ______ did unusually well in the contest, so the judges didn’t know whom to give prize to.A.woman singers B.women singers C.women singer D.womans singers

26.Man must stop _______ the earth’s atmosphere.A.filling B.wasting C.polluting D.blackening

27.We can’t _______ another 100 kilometers any more.A.have B.turn C.make D.reach

28.Is Mary ______ to join in us?

A.supposed B.exposed C.supported D.indicated

29.I want to be told all _______.A.which happen B.which happened

C.that had happened D.that had been happened

30.We’ve all heard of Thomas Edison, _______ who invented the electric light and many other things.A.man B.a man C.the man D.men

31.Don’t tell me such things _______ you are not certain.A.that B.which C.those D.as

32._______ a microscope we can see different kinds of things that are unable to be seen by our naked eyes.A.In terms of B.In place of C.By means of D.By far

33.Jackson went to work ______ his illness.A.besides B.even though C.in spite of D.although

34.Anybody will do, _______ he is responsible for that.A.as far as B.so far as C.as long as D.as soon as

35.I suppose they have known about it, _______?

A.am I B.am not I C.have they D.haven’t they

36.It ______ him ten years to write that novel.A.took B.spent C.cost D.costed

37.The students are looking forward to _______ their holidays in Japan.A.spend B.spending C.for spend D.spent

38.They all ______ mentioning that girl.A.avoided B.got away C.ran away D.escaped

39.Human beings should find a new _______ of energy.A.orient B.source C.origin D.souse

40.The couch is comfortable to _______.A.sit B.be sat C.sitted D.sit on

41.So loudly _______ that all the people in the room got a fright.A.he shouted B.shout he C.did he shout D.he did shout

42.He is the only one of the sons in the family who ______ received high education.A.are B.is C.have D.has

43.We think of Mr.Li ______ our good friend.A.is B.to be C.as D.has been

44.The mountain is 1,000 feet _______ the sea level.A.over B.higher C.above D.high

45.The road will be blocked if there _______ another snow.A.is B.will be C.to be D.will have

46.David like country life and has decided to _______ farming.A.get hold of B.get along with C.go in for D.go thorough

47.These children have an advantage _______ those in calculation.A.over B.than C.to D.with

48.Shanghai has a larger population than _______ in China.A.any city B.any other cities C.other city D.any other city

49.In some countries there are a lot of young people now need _______teeth.A.false B.untrue C.wrong D.erroneous

50.This book costs ______ that one.A.twice more B.twice more as C.two times more as D.twice as much as Ⅲ.Cloze(20 points)

Directions:

For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Smoking, which may be a pleasure for some people, is a serious source of discomfort for their fellows._51_, medical authorities express their concern about the effect of smoking _52_ the health not only of those who smoke but also of those who do not.In fact, non-smokers who must involuntarily inhale(吸入)the air _53_ by tobacco smoke may suffer more than the smokers _54_.Smoking is prohibited in the theatres and in halls used for showing films _55_ in laboratories _56_ there may be a fire hazard(危險).Elsewhere, it is up to your good _57_.I am _58_ asking you to maintain “No-Smoking” in classrooms and seminar rooms.This will prove that you have the _59_ health in mind, which is very important to a large _60_ of our students.51.A.Still B.Further C.More D.Again

52.A.in B.to C.on D.with

53.A.polluting B.be polluted C.polluted D.to be polluted

54.A.them B.themselves C.their own D.they

55.A.and B.but C.as well as D.also

56.A.where B.which C.that D.how

57.A.feeling B.sense C.realize D.think

58.A.so B.next C.therefore D.and

59.A.non-smokers B.non-smokers’ C.non-smoker’s D.non-smoker

60.A.number B.amount C.many D.much

Ⅳ.Reading Comprehension(60 points)

Directions:

There are four reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by five questions.For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage One

All the housewives who went to the new supermarket had one great ambition: to be the lucky customer who did not have to pay for her shopping.For this was what the notice just inside the entrance promised.It said: “Remember, once a week, one of our customers gets free goods.This May Be Your Lucky Day!”

For several weeks Mrs.Edwards hoped, like many of her friends, to be the lucky customer.Unlike her friends, she never gave up hoping.The cupboards in kitchen were full of things which she did not need.Her husband tried to advise her against

buying things but failed.She dreamed of the day when the manager of the supermarket would approach her and say: “Madam, this is Your Lucky Day.Everything in your basket is free.”

One Friday morning, after she had finished her shopping and had taken it to her car, she found that she had forgotten to buy any tea.She dashed back to the supermarket, got the tea and went towards the cash-desk.As she did so, she saw the manager of the supermarket approach her.“Madam,” he said, holding out his hand, “I want to congratulate you!You are our lucky customer and everything you have in your basket is free!”

61.The housewives learnt about the of free goods _______.A.on TV B.from the manager

C.at the supermarket D.from the newspaper

62.Mrs.Edwards ________.A.is always very lucky B.had no friends

C.hoped to get free shopping D.gets disappointed easily

63.Mrs.Edwards’s husband tried to ________.A.make her unhappy B.cheer her up

C.buy things with her D.stop her buying things

64.Mrs.Edwards went back to the supermarket quickly because she had to _______.A.buy another thing B.talk to the manager

C.pay for her shopping D.find her shopping

65.Mrs.Edwards must have been ________.A.pleased B.delighted C.proud D.disappointed Passage Two

Deep inside a mountain near Sweetwater in East.Tennessee is a body of water known as the Lost Sea.It is listed by the Guinness Book of Would Records as the world’s largest underground lake.The Lost Sea is part of an extensive and historic cave system called Craighead Caverns.The caverns have been known and used since the days of the Cherokee Indian nation.The cave expands into a series of huge rooms from a small opening on the side of the mountain.Approximately one mile from the entrance, in a room called “The Council Room,” many Indian artisfacts have been found.Some of the items discovered include pottery, arrowheads, weapons, and jewelry.For many years there were persistent rumors of a large underground lake somewhere in a cave, but it was not discovered until 1905.In that year, a thirteen-year-old boy named Ben Sands crawled through a small opening three hundred feet underground.He found himself in a large cave half filled with water.Today tourists visit the Lost Sea and ride far out onto it in glass-bottomed boats powered by electric motors.More than thirteen acres of water have been mapped out so far and still no end to the lake has been found.Even though teams of divers have tried to explore the Lost Sea, the full extent of it is still unknown.66.The Lost Sea is unique because it is ________.part of a historical cave system

the biggest underground lake in the world

listed in the Guinness Book of World Records

the largest body of water in Tennessee

67.The Craighead Caverns have been known ________.A.through history B.since the time of the Indian nations

C.since 1905 D.since divers explored them

68.Who located the Lost Sea in recent times?

A.The Cherokee Indians.B.Tourists.C.Ben Sands.D.Scientists.69.What was found in “The Council Room”?

A.A small natural opening.B.A large cave.C.Another series of rooms.D.Many old Indian objects.70.It can be inferred from the passage that the Craighead Caverns presently serve as ____.A.an underground testing site B.an Indian meeting ground

C.a tourist attraction D.a motor boat race course

Passage Three

Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one life’s essentials.Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.But for many people the thought of food first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure.So despite all the efforts, they still take no breakfast.Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures are available, the number of people who didn’t have breakfast, increased by 33 percent.For those who feel pain of guilt about not eating breakfast, however, there is some good news.Several studies in the last few years indicate that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast.“Going without breakfast does not affect performance,” said Arrold E.Bender, former professor of the nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve performance.”

Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not adults, “The literature”, says one researcher, Dr.Erresto at the University of Texas, “is poor”.71.The latest year for which figures could be obtained is _______.A.the year the author wrote the article B.1977

C.any year between 1997 and 1983 D.1983

72.For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that _______.several studies have been done in the past few years

the omission of breakfast does no harm to one’s health

adults have especially made studies in this field

eating little in the morning is good for health

73.“?nor does giving people breakfast improve performance” means ______.anyone without breakfast does improve his performance

not giving people breakfast improve performance

having breakfast does not improve performance, either

people having breakfast do improve their performance

74.The word “l(fā)iterature” in the last sentence refers to _______.A.stories, poems, plays, etc.B.written works on a particular subject

C.any printed material D.the modern literature of America

75.What is implied but NOT stated by the author is that _______.breakfast does not affect performance

Dr.Erresto is engaged in research work at an institution of higher learning

not eating breakfast might affect the health of children

Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in London Passage Four

About 35% of all high school graduates in America continue their education in an institution of higher learning.The word college is used to refer to either a college or a university.These institutions offer four-year programs that lead to a Bachelor of Arts(B.A.)or Bachelor Science(B.S.)degree.Some students attend a junior college(providing only a two-year program)for one to two years before entering a four-year college as a sophomore(二年級生)or junior(三年級生).It is generally easier to be accepted at a state university than at a private one.Most private schools require strict entrance examinations and a high grade point average(GPA), as well as specific college prep classes in high school.Private schools cost considerably more than state colleges and famous private schools are very expensive.Poorer students can sometimes attend, however, by earning

scholarships.Some college graduates go on to earn advanced masters or doctoral degrees in grad(graduate)school.Occupations in certain fields such as law or medicine require such advanced studies.Since college costs are very high, most students work at part-time jobs.Some have full-time jobs and go to school part-time.Often some will take five or more years to complete a four-year program because of money / job demands on their time.While the college and work demands take up the great part of a student’s time, most still enjoy social activities.Sports, dances, clubs, movies, and plays are all very popular.However, gathering together for long, philosophical talks at a favorite meeting place on or near the university is probably the most popular activity.76.College education is _______ in America.A.quite common B.very rare

C.something difficult D.almost impossible

77.Which of the following is NOT required for entering most private schools.A.entrance examinations B.taking part in many activities

C.GPA D.college prep classes

78.How can poor students attend private schools?

A.Only by working at part-time jobs.B.Only by working at full-time jobs.C.Only by earning scholarships.D.All of above.79.The American college students like to _______ most of all.A.discuss problems on philosophy B.play balls

C.earn enough money D.go to the cinemas or theatres

80.The best title for this passage is _______.A.Part-time jobs B.American college

C.Popular activity D.A new system

Ⅴ.Writing(20 points)

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 20 minutes to write a composition of about 80 words according to the following topic.金錢是一切嗎?(Is Money Everything?)參考答案

Ⅰ.Phonetics

1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.D 7.B

8.A 9.B 10.D

Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure

11.C 12.B 13.A 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.C

18.C 19.C 20.A 21.B 22.C 23.A 24.B

25.B 26.C 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.C 31.D

32.C 33.C 34.C 35.D 36.A 37.B 38.A

39.B 40.D 41.C 42.D 43.C 44.C 45.A

46.C 47.A 48.D 49.A 50.D

Ⅲ.Cloze

51.B 52.C 53.C 54.B 55.C 56.A 57.B

58.C 59.B 60.A

Ⅳ.Reading Comprehension

61.C 62.C 63.D 64.A 65.D 66.B 67.B

68.C 69.D 70.C 71.D 72.B 73.C 74.B

75.C 76.A 77.B 78.D 79.A 80.B

Ⅴ.Writing

In Money Everything?

I don’t think money is everything, but we can’t do without it.Fox example, money can’t buy us happiness and a good education.And for another example, money can’t buy us good health and a long life.But we can not live without money.We need it for our daily necessities such as food, clothes and transportation.What’s more, we need it to live a better life.In short, we should learn the value of money and make the most of its advantages.成人高考網(wǎng)絡(luò)在線學(xué)習(xí)http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet1100/

第五篇：2017成人高考政治模擬試題及答案

導(dǎo)語：成人高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(簡稱“成人高考”)是為我國各類成人高等學(xué)校選拔合格的畢業(yè)生以進入更高層次學(xué)歷教育的入學(xué)考試。以下是小編為大家精心整理的2017成人高考政治模擬試題及答案，歡迎大家參考！

一、選擇題：本大題共40個小題，每小題2分，共80分。在每題給出的四個選項中，只有一項是符合題目要求的。把所選項前的字母填在題后的括號內(nèi)。

1.馬克思主義哲學(xué)與各門具體科學(xué)的關(guān)系是()

A.無限和有限的關(guān)系 B.-般和特殊的關(guān)系

C.絕對真理和相對真理的關(guān)系 D.理性認(rèn)識和感性認(rèn)識的關(guān)系

2.運動是物質(zhì)的()

A.根本屬性 B.唯一特性 C.外部現(xiàn)象 D.內(nèi)部本質(zhì)

3.辯證法和形而上學(xué)根本對立的焦點在于()

A.是否整體性地看問題

B.是否承認(rèn)事物在運動

C.是否承認(rèn)事物的內(nèi)部矛盾是事物發(fā)展的動力

D.是否承認(rèn)事物的變化不僅有量的增減而且有質(zhì)的變化

4.辯證法所要求回答的是()

A.世界的本原是什么的問題 B.世界的本質(zhì)是什么的問題

C.世界的狀況怎么樣的問題 D.世界是否可知的問題一

5.矛盾體系中處于支配地位，起主導(dǎo)作用的矛盾是()

A.內(nèi)部矛盾 B.外部矛盾 C.主要矛盾 D.特殊矛盾

6.感覺、知覺、表象是()

A.反映論的三種形式 B.意識的三種形式

C.感性認(rèn)識的三種形式 D.理性認(rèn)識的三種形式

7.馬克思主義哲學(xué)所說的實踐是指()

A.人們的一切活動 B.人們的日?；顒?/p>

C人們改造客觀世界的物質(zhì)活動 D人們的精神活動、8.相對真理是指()

A.不包含絕對性的真理

B.相對謬誤

C.基本上正確，包含有謬誤的成分

D.正確認(rèn)識，在廣度和深度上有待于進一步精確和完善

9.經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)是指()

A.生產(chǎn)力與生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的有機統(tǒng)一

B.同生產(chǎn)力的一定發(fā)展階段相適應(yīng)的生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的總和

C.同生產(chǎn)力的一定發(fā)展階段相適應(yīng)的占統(tǒng)治地位的生產(chǎn)關(guān)系

D.同生產(chǎn)力的一定發(fā)展階段相適應(yīng)的占統(tǒng)治地位的生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的總和

10.歷史唯物主義認(rèn)為，社會物質(zhì)生活條件是指()

A.全部自然界

B.人口

C.地理環(huán)境

D.地理環(huán)境、人口和生產(chǎn)方式諸要素的總和

11.自然科學(xué)是一種社會意識形式，它()

A.不屬于上層建筑

B.屬于思想上層建筑

C.屬于特定社會經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)的上層建筑

D.屬于上層建筑中沒有階級性的社會意識形式

12.劃分歷史唯物主義和歷史唯心主義的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在于是否承認(rèn)()

A.社會內(nèi)部矛盾推動社會發(fā)展 B.社會歷史是發(fā)展變化的C.社會存在決定社會意識 D.社會歷史發(fā)展是有規(guī)律的13.毛x東最早論述新民主主義革命基本思想的文章是()

A.《新民主主義論》 B.《湖南農(nóng)****動考察報告》

C.《論人民民主專政》 D.《中國社會各階級的分析》

14.國民革命失敗后，中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的武裝起義中，最先從城市向農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移的是()

A.八一南昌起義

B.湘贛邊界秋收起義

C.廣州起義

D.百色起義

15.毛x東第一次公開使用“人民民主專政”概念的文章是()

A.《將革命進行到底》 B.《論人民民主專政》

C.《新民主主義論》 D.《論聯(lián)合政府》

16.毛x東在《關(guān)于正確處理人民內(nèi)部矛盾的問題》中提出文化工作的方針是()

A.百花齊放，百家爭鳴 B.古為今用，洋為中用

C.去粗取精，去偽存真 D.中學(xué)為體，西學(xué)為用

17.孫中山在檀香山建立的中國第一個資產(chǎn)階級革命團體是()

A.興中會 B.中國同盟會 C.光復(fù)會 D.華興會

18.中國共產(chǎn)黨制定的第一個土地法是()

A.《井岡山土地法》

B.《興國土地法》

C.《中國土地法大綱》

D.《關(guān)于清算減租減息及土地問題的指示》

19.中國共產(chǎn)黨獨立領(lǐng)導(dǎo)武裝斗爭和創(chuàng)建人民軍隊開始于()

A.南昌起義 B.秋收起義 C.廣州起義 D.百色起義

20.毛x東在《新民主主義論》中提出新民主主義社會的國體是()

A.無產(chǎn)階級專政 B.資產(chǎn)階級專政

C.幾個革命階級的聯(lián)合專政 D.工農(nóng)民主專政

21.把鄧x平理論確定為中國共產(chǎn)黨指導(dǎo)思想并寫入黨章的會議是()

A.黨的十二大 B.黨的十三大 C.黨的十四大 D.黨的十五大

22.第一次提出“建設(shè)有中國特色的社會主義理論”這一概念是在()

A.黨的十二大 B.黨的十三大 C.黨的十四大 D.黨的十五大

23.鄧x平關(guān)于“一國兩制”的構(gòu)想是從()問題開始的A.臺灣 B.香港 C.澳門 D.香港和澳門

24.我國的政體是()

A.人民民主專政 B.人民代表大會制度

C.共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的多黨合作與政治協(xié)商制度D.民族區(qū)域自制制度

25.我們黨全面闡述社會主義初級階段理論是在黨的()

A.十二大 B.十三大 C.十四大 D.十五大

26.我國經(jīng)濟體制改革的目標(biāo)是建立()

A.計劃與市場內(nèi)在結(jié)合的經(jīng)濟體制 B.社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制

C.計劃調(diào)節(jié)為主、市場調(diào)節(jié)為輔的經(jīng)濟體制 D.完全由市場調(diào)節(jié)的市場經(jīng)濟體制

27.中國共產(chǎn)黨和各民主黨派合作的政治基礎(chǔ)是()

A.遵循“長期共存、互相監(jiān)督、肝膽相照、榮辱與共”的方針

B.在憲法規(guī)定的范圍內(nèi)進行活動

C.中國共產(chǎn)黨是執(zhí)政黨，民主黨派是參政黨 D.堅持四項基本原則

28.我國進入社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)新時期最鮮明的特征是()

-A.建立社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制 B.改革開放

C.實行家庭承包經(jīng)營 D.建立經(jīng)濟特區(qū)

29.改革、發(fā)展、穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系是()

A.改革是手段、穩(wěn)定是條件、發(fā)展是目的B.改革是動力、發(fā)展是前提、穩(wěn)定是目的C.改革是動力、發(fā)展是目的、穩(wěn)定是前提

D.改革是途徑、發(fā)展是目的、穩(wěn)定是條件

30.在建立國際政治經(jīng)濟新秩序的長期斗爭中，必須始終()

A.以人權(quán)高于主權(quán)的原則為基礎(chǔ) B.以不結(jié)盟原則為基礎(chǔ)

C.以和平共處五項原則為基礎(chǔ) D.以自由、平等原則為基礎(chǔ)

31.我國社會主義經(jīng)濟建設(shè)必須始終以()

A.經(jīng)濟效益為中心 B.發(fā)展速度為中心

C.擴大規(guī)模為中心 D.有計劃按比例為中心

32.假象是()

A.不直接表現(xiàn)本質(zhì)的現(xiàn)象 B.不存在于客觀事物之中的現(xiàn)象

C.和本質(zhì)沒有直接同一性的現(xiàn)象 D.從反面歪曲地表現(xiàn)本質(zhì)的現(xiàn)象

33.必然性和偶然性是揭示()

A.事物在聯(lián)系和發(fā)展中前后相繼、彼此制約的一對范疇

B.事物在聯(lián)系和發(fā)展中產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展、滅亡的一對范疇

C.事物在聯(lián)系和發(fā)展中內(nèi)在要素和表現(xiàn)方式的一對范疇

D.事物在聯(lián)系和發(fā)展中內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和外在聯(lián)系的一對范疇

34.區(qū)分量變與質(zhì)變的根本標(biāo)志，是看()

A.事物的發(fā)展變化是否突破“度” B.事物的變化是否顯著

C.事物是否發(fā)生數(shù)量的增減 D.事物是否發(fā)生非本質(zhì)的變化

35.標(biāo)志著毛x東思想形成的階段是在()

A.黨的創(chuàng)立和國民革命時期 B.黨的創(chuàng)立到土地革命時期

C.土地革命前期 D.土地革命后期到抗日戰(zhàn)爭時期

36.毛x東思想的精髓是()

A.著重從思想上建黨B.實事求是 C.群眾路線 D.獨立自主

37.被視為“近代中國開眼看世界之第一人”是()

A.孫中山 B.魏源 C.龔自珍 D.林則徐

38.人的本質(zhì)屬性在于()

A.心理特性 B.階級本性 C.自然屬性 D.社會屬性

39.我國改革的實質(zhì)是()

A.社會主義制度的自我完善 B.全面建設(shè)小康社會

C.完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟制度 D.建立社會主義市場經(jīng)濟

40.依法治國的主體是()

A.堅持中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo) B.廣大人民群眾

C.國家事務(wù)、經(jīng)濟文化事業(yè)和社會事務(wù) D.憲法和法律

二、辨析題(要求先判斷正確或錯誤，然后說明理由，每小題10分，共20分)

41.絕對真理和相對真理是兩個不同的真理。

42.“一國兩制”構(gòu)想是實現(xiàn)祖國完全統(tǒng)一的最佳方案。

三、簡答題：本大題有3個小題，每小題10分，共30分。

43.簡述社會意識相對獨立性及其主要表現(xiàn)。

44.簡述新時期我國建設(shè)社會主義新農(nóng)村的重大意義。

45.聯(lián)系實際說明如何理解“和平與發(fā)展是當(dāng)代社會的兩大主題”。

2017成人高考政治模擬試題參考答案

一、選擇題：8 2A3C 4C 5C 6C 7C 8D 9D 10D

11A 12C 13D 148 15A 16A 17A 18A 19A 20C

21D 228 23A 248 258 268 27D 288 29C 30C

31A 32D 338 34A 35C 368 37D 38D 39A 40B

二、辨析題(要求先判斷正確或錯誤，然后說明理由，每小題10分，共20分)

41.錯誤。

理由：(1)違背了絕對真理和相對真理的辯證關(guān)系。絕對真理和相對真理是對立統(tǒng)一關(guān)系，兩者是同一真理的兩個不同的側(cè)面和兩重不同的屬性，而不是兩個不同的真理。

(2)絕對真理和相對真理有對立的一面，因為真理的相對性和絕對性是對立的，它們是從不同角度、不同側(cè)面反映同一真理的不同性質(zhì)。真理的相對性和絕對性又有統(tǒng)一性的一面，因為絕對真理寓于相對真理之中，相對真理是絕對真理的組成部分，相對真理不斷地走向或接近絕對真理，無數(shù)相對真理的總和構(gòu)成絕對真理。要正確認(rèn)識真理相對性和絕對性的辯證關(guān)系：

夸大真理的相對性將導(dǎo)致真理問題上的相對主義詭辯論而變?yōu)樘摕o;夸大真理的絕對性將導(dǎo)致真理問題上的絕對主義、教條主義，兩者都是錯誤的。

42.正確。

理由：(1)鄧x平的“一國兩制”構(gòu)想是馬克思主義關(guān)于原則的堅定性和策略的靈活性相結(jié)合的光輝典范，它既堅持了以社會主義為主體這一根本原則，又高度靈活地允許在一個主權(quán)國家內(nèi)兩種社會制度并存，是一種創(chuàng)造性的全新視野和思維，是解決歷史遺留問題的賦有想象力的答案。它不僅是中國實現(xiàn)國家統(tǒng)一的最佳方案，并為解決國際爭端提供了很好的典范。

(2)“一國兩制”構(gòu)想和現(xiàn)實符合臺灣、香港、澳門的歷史和現(xiàn)狀，符合內(nèi)地的實際，符合中華民族盼望祖國完全統(tǒng)一的共同愿望，是民心所向，是不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的歷史潮流。它充分照顧了美國、英國、葡萄牙及其他國家在這些地區(qū)的利益。

(3)實踐證明，“一國兩制”方案，是正確的，是一條不傷民心和不損國力的方案。它有利于保持各自的穩(wěn)定和繁榮，為各自的發(fā)展提供了廣闊的空間，、港、澳、臺同胞與大陸人民一樣共享祖國在國際上的尊嚴(yán)和榮譽。香港、澳門回歸后的實踐為兩岸統(tǒng)一樹立了典范。

三、簡答題：

43.答：社會意識有相對獨立性。即社會意識在反映社會存在、被社會存在決定的同時，還有自身獨特的發(fā)展規(guī)律，社會意識的發(fā)展變化不總是和社會存在的發(fā)展變化相一致。

①社會意識與社會存在的發(fā)展變化不完全一致。有的社會意識落后于社會存在的變化，有的社會意識超越社會存在的發(fā)展變化。

②社會意識與社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平不一致。經(jīng)濟水平較高的國家或階段，其社會意識水平不一定先進;經(jīng)濟水平較低的國家或階段，其社會意識的水平不一定落后。

③社會意識的發(fā)展具有歷史繼承性。任何時代的社會意識都是對以前思想成果的繼承，馬克思主義者對待文化遺產(chǎn)是辯證地否定。

④各種社會意識形式之間是相互作用和相互影響的。其中政治法律思想對其他的影響最大，哲學(xué)對其他社會意識形式影響最深刻，科學(xué)對其他社會意識影響越來越明顯。

⑤社會意識對社會存在有巨大的能動作用，是社會意識相對獨立性最突出的表現(xiàn)。先進的社會意識促進社會的發(fā)展，落后的社會意識阻礙社會的進步。

夸大社會意識的能動作用是唯史觀;否定社會意識的能動作用是歷史機械論。

44.答：第一，是貫徹落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的重大舉措。

第二，是確保我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)順利推進的必然要求。

第三，是全面建設(shè)小康社會的重點任務(wù)。

第四，是保持國民經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的持久動力。

第五，是構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會的重要基礎(chǔ)。

45.答：在20世紀(jì)的大部分時期里，戰(zhàn)爭與革命長期是世界政治經(jīng)濟的主題。但在20世紀(jì)70年代后世界局勢發(fā)生了重大變化，各國人們面臨著一系列問題，其中能夠集中地反映當(dāng)今時代主要矛盾、影響和決定人類前途命運的全球性戰(zhàn)略問題卻是和平與發(fā)展問題。

!①關(guān)于和平與發(fā)展的基本含義。鄧x平指出：“現(xiàn)在世界上真正大的問題，帶全球性的戰(zhàn)略問題，一個是和平問題，一個是經(jīng)濟問題或者說發(fā)展問題。和平問題是東西問題，發(fā)展問題是南北問題。南北問題是核心內(nèi)容。”實際上，和平是東西方國家之間的政治問題;發(fā)展是南北半球國家之間的經(jīng)濟問題。

②提出這一主題的目的。和平問題是指在較長時期內(nèi)維護世界和平，目的是為了防止新的世界大戰(zhàn)，為解決世界局勢提供新的思路和方法，包括用和平手段解決國際爭端，制止局部戰(zhàn)爭等策略。由于霸權(quán)主義和強權(quán)政治依然存在，國際形勢仍然動蕩不安，人類面臨著戰(zhàn)爭威脅，因此提倡和平，爭取和平的社會環(huán)境十分重要。

提出發(fā)展問題目的是為了更好地消除貧困和兩極分化。目前，發(fā)展問題是事關(guān)全人類的、帶全球性的、另一個戰(zhàn)略性問題。發(fā)展問題，是發(fā)展中國家(南方國家)和發(fā)達(dá)國家(北方國家)之間的經(jīng)濟關(guān)系問題，它反映北方發(fā)達(dá)國家與南方發(fā)展中的國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展不平衡以及經(jīng)濟關(guān)系不平等問題。如果南北方的不平等關(guān)系不解決，就不能建立公平、合理、公正的國際政治經(jīng)濟新秩序。

③和平與發(fā)展的辯證關(guān)系。和平與發(fā)展是相互依存，相互影響，相互作用的，是辯證統(tǒng)一關(guān)系。世界和平、社會穩(wěn)定是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要前提條件，如果沒有和平，則無論是發(fā)達(dá)國家，還是發(fā)展中的國家，社會經(jīng)濟都無法發(fā)展。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展是為實現(xiàn)社會穩(wěn)定和整個世界安寧提供物質(zhì)保障，沒有經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和繁榮，社會的和平就會失去基礎(chǔ)。

④這一主題的意義、。鄧x平提出關(guān)于和平與發(fā)展是當(dāng)代世界兩大主題的論斷，科學(xué)地概括了當(dāng)前時代的基本特征，為我國改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，以及開展新時期外交工作提供了重要的理論依據(jù)。在實踐中正確認(rèn)識這一主題，有利于反對霸權(quán)主義，反對強權(quán)政治，建立公正合理的國際政治經(jīng)濟新秩序。