第一篇：新概念英語第二冊(cè)語法總結(jié)：五種基本句型

新概念英語第二冊(cè)語法總結(jié)：五種基本句型

1．主+謂（不及物動(dòng)詞）e.g.Man can think.The fire is burning.常用不及物動(dòng)詞有 break, breathe, burn, smoke, swim, skate, appear, disappear, work, think etc.2．主+謂+表語（系動(dòng)詞）e.g.He became a scientist.She is getting more and more beautiful.常用系動(dòng)詞： be, get, turn, feel, seem, appear, look, taste, sound, smell, become, go, prove etc.3．主+謂+賓（及物動(dòng)詞）e.g.We love peace.They will paint the door.常用動(dòng)詞有：see, watch, need, love, like, study, answer, carry, etc.4．主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)

e.g.We elected him president.They painted the door white.I advised the students to recite the texts.王牌重點(diǎn)：常用作賓補(bǔ)的形式（1）名詞：

The couple named their baby Johnson.（2）形容詞：

I keep the door open.（3）副詞：

The naughty boy knocked the bottle over.（4）不定式：

He ordered his men to fire.（5）分詞：

He heard me singing.I saw the vase broken.（6）介詞短語：

They look on him as a teacher.（7）名詞性從句：

I asked him what he was doing.5．（1）主+謂+間接賓語+直接賓語

My friend bought me a gift.I passed him the book.（2）主+謂+直賓+介詞+間賓

My friend bought a gift for me.常與介詞 for 搭配的動(dòng)詞有：

buy, make, do, get, play, call, choose, cook, fetch, find, keep, order, save, etc.常與介詞 to 搭配的動(dòng)詞有：

bring, give, grant, hand, pass, lend, offer, pay, promise, sell, send, show, each, tell, throw, write, etc.

第二篇：新概念英語第二冊(cè)語法總結(jié)

新概念英語二冊(cè)語法詳解和總結(jié)

《

一、學(xué)習(xí)前的準(zhǔn)備

《新概念英語第二冊(cè)》旨在全面訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的4項(xiàng)技能、理解、口語、閱讀、寫作。使學(xué)生具有使用語言的能力。一般來說，具有以下知識(shí)便可進(jìn)入《新概念英語第二冊(cè)》的學(xué)習(xí)：

1、動(dòng)詞be與have現(xiàn)在時(shí)與過去時(shí)的基本用法。

2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，能夠識(shí)別并懂得如何構(gòu)成。

3、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：能夠識(shí)別；懂得動(dòng)詞第3人稱單數(shù)上添加-s,-es, 或-ies后綴。

4、一般過去時(shí)：能夠識(shí)別并會(huì)運(yùn)用常見的規(guī)劃動(dòng)詞與不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)形態(tài)。

5、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：能夠識(shí)別。

6、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（一般）：能夠識(shí)別。

7、過去完成時(shí)：能夠識(shí)別。

8、將來時(shí)：能夠認(rèn)識(shí)并運(yùn)用going to, shall與will構(gòu)成將來時(shí)。

9、助動(dòng)詞：can, may與must的基本用法；能夠識(shí)別could, might與would的形式。

10、能夠用do/does/did等助動(dòng)詞造疑問句與否定句；能運(yùn)用疑問代詞與副詞。

11、能夠回答以助動(dòng)詞與疑問詞開頭的問句。

12、副詞：能夠用-ly與-ily后綴組成副詞；能夠識(shí)別well, hard, fast等特例。

13、冠詞：定冠詞與不定冠詞。懂得a/an/the的基本用法；some, any, no, much, many, a lot of 接可數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞的用法。

14、名詞：能夠用-s,-es，-ves后綴組成名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式；會(huì)用常見的不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)形式：men, women, children, teeth r等形式。

15、代詞：人稱代詞、所有格代詞、反身代詞；所有符號(hào)“'”加s('s)。

16、形容詞：基本用法；規(guī)則的比較級(jí)；不規(guī)則的比較級(jí)：good, bad, much與little.17、介詞：常見的地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、方位介詞的用法。

18、關(guān)系代詞：能夠識(shí)別并使用who/whom, which/that。

19、this/that;these/those。

20、省略形式：it's, I'm, isn't, didn't等。

21、There is/it is;there are/they are。

22、祈使句。

23、一周7天的名稱、日期、季節(jié)、數(shù)字、時(shí)辰（今天、昨天、明天等）。

24、報(bào)時(shí)。

二、新概念英語第二冊(cè)語法知識(shí)總結(jié)和詳解

1.簡(jiǎn)單句的結(jié)構(gòu):

主語+謂語+賓語+狀語（地點(diǎn)狀語+方式狀語+時(shí)間狀語）時(shí)間狀語還可以放在句首

2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

感嘆句：what+名詞+主語+謂語，how+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語

頻度副詞：位于主語和謂語之間，常見頻度副詞及其程度的深淺： always, often, usually, frequently, sometimes, hardly, rarely, seldom, never I always buy CDs on Sundays.3.一般過去時(shí)

直接賓語和間接賓語：

主語＋及物動(dòng)詞＋間接賓語＋直接賓語

直接賓語是及物動(dòng)詞的直接對(duì)象，間接賓語是及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作所涉及的人或事務(wù)，也可以說間接賓語表示動(dòng)作是對(duì)誰做的，或者是為誰做的。所以間接賓語要用名詞或者賓格代詞來擔(dān)當(dāng)。

He gives me a book.me間接賓語, a book直接賓語

直接賓語和間接賓語的位置調(diào)換時(shí)要加一個(gè)介詞to或for，to表示動(dòng)作對(duì)誰而做，for表示動(dòng)作為誰而做。

主語＋及物動(dòng)詞＋直接賓語＋介詞+間接賓語 Give the book to me.Send a letter to him.I bought a coat for my mother.4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，注意頻度及時(shí)間副詞的位置 receive/take

5.復(fù)習(xí)：一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別

in the way/on the way/in this way/by the way/in a way/get out of my way/Don’t stand in my way./by the way/no way

spare/to spare

6.冠詞用法

（一）1．不定冠詞用于修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，當(dāng)一個(gè)單詞的第一個(gè)發(fā)音為元音時(shí)要用冠詞an, 如果是輔音用a即可。

2．不定冠詞還可以用來修飾一類事物，有時(shí)候也可以省略： A cat is a lovely animal.Cat is a lovely animal.3．不可數(shù)名詞加冠詞表示一類事物：Apple is a fruit.4．如果特制某人,某物或上文提過的人或物時(shí)要用定冠詞the 5．Some表示一些，可以修飾可數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞。

6．在姓名，城市，地名，過名，月份，節(jié)日，星期前不加冠詞，季節(jié)前也一般不加，特指時(shí)加。

put on/take off/look for/look after/knock at/knock sth.off/knock off/knock %off/knock over/knock out

7.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語 短語：在短語中動(dòng)詞后面的介詞或副詞叫小品詞，有些小品詞既可以緊跟在動(dòng)詞后面也可以跟在動(dòng)詞的賓語后面，而有些則只能緊跟著動(dòng)詞使用。

8.形容詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)

單音節(jié)詞的比較級(jí)最高級(jí)：

?直接加-er,-est: small-smaller, smallest ?以e結(jié)尾的加-r,-st: large-larger, largest

?以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞變y為i加-er,-est: busy-busier, busiest

?重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母再加-er,-est：big-bigger, biggest

以ow, er, le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞和個(gè)別單音節(jié)詞也直接加-er,-est：narrow, common, clever, simple，polite, quiet…

多音節(jié)詞及雙音節(jié)詞：more/less, most/lest

不規(guī)則變化：good/bad/many/little/far…

少數(shù)單音節(jié)詞也要通過加more/less, most/lest構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：pleased, glad, tired, fond，注意：形容詞最高級(jí)前面要加定冠詞the 不定代詞的用法，如果不定代詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)：Everyone is here.enter/enter for

9.介詞（表示時(shí)間）?in:

表示一天中的某段時(shí)間：in the morning/afternoon/evening 表示月份/年份：in March, in 1990 表示季節(jié)：in spring/winter

in+一段時(shí)間可以表示在一段時(shí)間之內(nèi)也可以表示在一段時(shí)間之后，可以與現(xiàn)在時(shí)，過去時(shí)和將來時(shí)連用。

?on:

表示星期：on Monday 表示具體日期：on June 1st

表示具體時(shí)間：on that day/that evening/on that night ?at:

表示確切時(shí)間：at 10 o’clock

表示用餐時(shí)間：at lunch time/teatime

表示其他時(shí)刻：at noon/night/midnight, at this time ?during+一段時(shí)間 ?from…till ?till/untill直到

not any=no，語氣更強(qiáng) 10.被動(dòng)語態(tài)：

結(jié)構(gòu)：be+過去分詞 用法：

?主語不清或不需要提及時(shí)

I was born in 1999.The apple was eaten.?強(qiáng)調(diào)不同的主語時(shí)，為了說明動(dòng)作是誰做的，用by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者 The policeman caught the thief.The thief was caught by the policeman.Be made in/be made of/be made from/be made by 雙重名詞所有格：

one of +形容詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格+名詞復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù)名詞+of+名詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格

one of my father’s friends/a friend of my father’s one of my friends/a friend of mine one of your records/a record of yours 1.復(fù)習(xí)

動(dòng)詞不定式做賓補(bǔ)的用法：

want/help/ask/teach/advise sb.to do, 代詞要用賓格形式 borrow/lend, salary/wages 2.一般將來時(shí)：

be going to結(jié)構(gòu)的用法 be+副詞詞組：

be away/be back/be out/be in/be over/be on/be up to sb./sth.set out=set off, set up=create 3.將來進(jìn)行時(shí)： 名詞所有格：

如果名詞復(fù)數(shù)以S結(jié)尾一般只加‘，如果名詞是以S結(jié)尾的專有名詞如人名，可以加’S, 也可以直接加‘，如：Keats’ work, the Johns’ house

名詞所有格也可以用來表示無生命的 1． 時(shí)間：today’s, new centry’s

2． 國家，城市名詞：the country’s, the city’s

3． 機(jī)構(gòu)組織：the station’s waiting room, the university’s library 4． 車，船，用具: the car’s wheel, the computer’s harddisk 5． 專有結(jié)構(gòu)：at one’s wit’s end, 6． 價(jià)值：ten pound’s worth of meat, 7． 時(shí)間：in twenty minutes’ time 4.過去完成時(shí)： ask/ask for

except/except for/apart from

which of/neither of/both of/neither of 5.直接引語/間接引語

（一）如果引語的主句所用動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)，那么間接引語要做相應(yīng)變化：時(shí)態(tài)，人稱，時(shí)間地點(diǎn)及指示詞

?時(shí)態(tài)變化：

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)——一般過去時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)——過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 一般過去時(shí)——過去完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)——過去完成時(shí) 一般將來時(shí)——過去將來時(shí)

be going to——was/were going to/would can----------------could may---------------might

?時(shí)間地點(diǎn)及指示詞的變化：

here—there, tomorrow—the next day, the following day, this—that… ?人稱變化：根據(jù)句意改變?nèi)朔Q。Nervous/irritable

Office/study/desk afford

6.條件狀語從句：主句用將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)“能夠”，“必須”還可以用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

police/policeman

pay attention to/care for/take care of remind/remember

one/you可以指任何人：

One must never tell lies.You must never tell lies.7.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： must/have to

as作為介詞，以…身份，與like相同

as作為連詞，因?yàn)椋?dāng)。。時(shí)候，以。。方式，如同。。那樣 dress/suit/costume grow/grow up 8.have用法

give in, give away, give up, give up beside/besides

9.can/could/may/might

might as well表示“還是。。的好”，“還不如。?！?He will never pass.He might as well give up.10.動(dòng)名詞： 動(dòng)名詞 1． 動(dòng)詞的-ing形式在起名詞作用時(shí)稱為動(dòng)名詞。動(dòng)名詞可以做主語，標(biāo)語，賓語，介詞賓語定語（即復(fù)合名詞）

2． 動(dòng)名詞的幾種形式：

主動(dòng)形式 被動(dòng)形式

一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done

3.做主語：

Finding work is difficult now.Watching TV is my favorite pastime.4.做表語：

My main hobby is reading.One of her duties is growing roses.My job is teaching.5.做賓語：

I like taking with famous people.We enjoy learning English.The flowers need watering.6.介詞賓語：

He is fond of watching football matches.He went away without saying a word.常用的一些加動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞詞組（注意總結(jié)）：take part in, look forward to , insist on, be interested in，7.做定語：

waiting room, swimming pool, washing machine, reading room, living room, drinking fountain(引水機(jī))，parking slot…

8.動(dòng)名詞的否定： 在動(dòng)名詞前面加not，I am sorry for not asking you.Interested/interesting, excited/exciting, amused/amusing 1.被動(dòng)語態(tài)

（二）will/must/can/would/could/have to be done have/has been done must have been done drive 用法 home/house

2.介詞用法：見書 3.復(fù)習(xí)

there be句型

it做為虛主語可以用來表示時(shí)間，天氣，溫度，距離，人或指代一個(gè)句子或不定式。

4.Summary of Unit two 5.并列句

我們可以將幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句連在一起,組成并列句,常用以下連詞:

and, but, so, yet, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but …as well, not only…but also

主謂一致:

?當(dāng)主語由and , both…and 連接時(shí),通常用復(fù)數(shù)謂語.Both the girls and the boy are his friends.?當(dāng)主語由neither… nor, either…or, not only…but also或or 連接時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與 nor, or, but also后面的一致,在英語語法中，這被稱為就近一致.Neither he nor I am going to the airport.Not only Mary but also her parents have gone abroad.6.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的復(fù)習(xí),狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞,標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的使用.以下一些動(dòng)詞很少用與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài):

appear(看起來), appreciate(鑒賞), believe(相信), feel(感覺到), forget(忘記), hear(聽見), know(知道), like(喜歡), look like(看起來像), notice(注意到), remember(記得), resemble(形似), see(看到), think(認(rèn)為), understand(理解), have(擁有),love(愛), seem(看起來), show(顯示), mind(介意), sound(聽起來), hate(討厭), detest(憎恨), desire(意欲)，引號(hào):

?引號(hào)位于一行之上,應(yīng)該在句尾其他標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào), 如逗號(hào),句號(hào),問好之外.?引語的第一個(gè)詞以大寫字母開頭.?在said, asked, 等詞后面用逗號(hào),只有當(dāng)它們位于句尾時(shí)才在它們后面用句號(hào).?當(dāng)said, asked等詞置于引語之間時(shí),句子的后半部分以小寫開頭.?當(dāng)一個(gè)新的說話人開始講話時(shí), 要另起一個(gè)段落.7.復(fù)習(xí)一般過去時(shí)/不規(guī)則過去式和過去分詞

常用不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式和過去分詞在英語里約有300多個(gè)

put up(搭建), put out(撲滅), put on(穿上), put sb.up(為某人安排住宿), put up with(容忍), put down(抄寫), put off(推遲), put away(放好，放到一邊去)

8.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)/定語從句(見復(fù)合句部分)?與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間副詞:

yet, just, before, recently, lately, ever, never，so far(迄今為止), up till now(直到現(xiàn)在), up to now(直到現(xiàn)在), since(自從), for a long time(很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間), in the past/in the last few years(在過去的幾年里), these days(目前)，?某些非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)作開始變終止的動(dòng)詞), 在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中不

能與表示一段時(shí)間狀語搭配:

例如:die, arrive, join, leave, go, refuse , fail, finish, buy, marry, divorce, awake, buy, borrow, lend, 這些動(dòng)詞并非不能用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),而是不能接由for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語.但是用在否定句中，非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用.Jane has gone away for a month.(wrong)Jane has been away for a month.(right)His father has died for two years.(wrong)His father has been dead for two years.(right)

has gone to(去了某地,指人還在那里), have been to(去過某地, 人已經(jīng)不在那里了)。

9.一般過去時(shí)對(duì)比過去完成時(shí),現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞 refuse/deny, bring/take/fetch, very/too 10.冠詞用法 定冠詞用法(1)特指

(2)地理名詞前加定冠詞 ?河流the yellow river ?山脈

the Alps, the Himalayas

?海峽海灣the Taiwan Straits, the English Channel(3)由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前要加定冠詞

?國名及政治組織名the United States, the United Kingdom ?某些機(jī)構(gòu)學(xué)校及建筑名

the British Museum

?由普通名詞構(gòu)成的報(bào)刊雜志名

the New York Times, the Times 零冠詞 1.街名

2.廣場(chǎng)名

3.車站, 機(jī)場(chǎng), 公園, 橋梁名: Kennedy Airport, Beijing Railway Station, London Bridge

4.大學(xué)名

Yale University, Cambridge University

5.節(jié)日名National Day, May Day, News Years’ Day 6.多數(shù)雜志名

Time, Reader’s Digest 7.物質(zhì)名詞一般意義

Water boils at 100 degrees.We can not live without air.8.抽象名詞Life is short.Art is difficult to appreciate.1.used to do 用法

Used to do 表示過去常常做某事現(xiàn)在不做了 I used to get up at seven o’clock.Experience, save, very/too

2.比較級(jí)/最高級(jí), 比較狀語從句（見復(fù)合句-比較狀語從句）A/one的區(qū)別 3.介詞用法

Passed/past, next/other 4.被動(dòng)語態(tài)總結(jié)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí): is/am/are done 一般過去時(shí): was/were done

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí): is/am/are being done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): have/has been done 過去完成時(shí): had been done 一般將來時(shí): will be done 過去將來時(shí): would be done

過去進(jìn)行時(shí): was/were being done

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞: can be done, must be done, could be done, may be done, might be done，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完成式: can have been done, must have been done, could have been done, may have been done, might have been done，Call at(拜訪某地), call out at(大聲喊), call on(拜訪某人), call sb up(給某人打電話), call off(取消)

5.主語+謂語(感官動(dòng)詞)+doing表示正在發(fā)生的事情,+do 表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作.So/such

So+adj./adv.such+n.固定用法：so many

6.一般將來時(shí)will/be going to do

will/be going to do一般情況下可以相互替換,但是要表示說話人決定做某事或者表示建議,請(qǐng)求, 肯定或不肯定等含義時(shí)只能用will.Watch/look at/follow, solid/firm/stable

7.將來完成時(shí)

Hold/look, look forward to(期望), look out(當(dāng)心), look up(查詢,), look sb.up(拜訪某人)

8.as if /though+虛擬語氣, 過去完成時(shí)總結(jié) as if /though 常在描述行為的動(dòng)詞后面使用, 如act/look/feel/appear/smell/sound, 后面要用虛擬語氣

He looks as if he were a king.Her skin feels as if it were silk.The song sounds as if it were a sad story.He looked as if he had never lived in England.No sooner…than, hardly…when, country/countryside, continuously, continually, No sooner…than 一…就… 與過去完成時(shí)連用

I had no sooner come into the room than it began to rain.The bell had no sooner rung than the game began.如果no sooner 放在句首, 主句的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)倒裝

No sooner had I come into the room than it began to rain.No sooner had the bell rung than it began to rain.Hardly…when 幾乎沒來得及…就… 與過去完成時(shí)連用

He had hardly got the money when the policeman caught him.I had hardly finished the last question when the exam ended.如果hardly…when放在句首, 主句的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)倒裝

Hardly had he got the money when the policeman caught him.Hardly had I finished the last question when the exam ended.9.直接引語變間接引語

1.引語前用that, 口語中可以省略 2.根據(jù)句意改變?nèi)朔Q

3.時(shí)態(tài)變化: 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-一般過去時(shí), 一般過去時(shí)-過去完成時(shí), 一般將來時(shí)-過去將來時(shí), 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-過去進(jìn)行時(shí), 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-過去完成時(shí), can-could, may-might, must-had to，4.一些指示代詞及表示地點(diǎn)及時(shí)間的詞

this-that, these-those, now-then, today, tonight-that day, that night, this week-that week, yesterday-the day before, the previous day, last week-the week before, two days ago-two days before(earlier), tomorrow-the next(following)day, next week-the following week, here-there, come, bring-go, take

如果意思上沒有必要改變就不用變了，比如在同一天說的話.She said she would come again tonight.He said he arrived yesterday morning.幾種特殊的間接引語

?特殊疑問句, 語序要變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序 “Where are you going?” he asked.He asked me where I was going.?一般疑問句, 要加if/whether

“Will you come tomorrow?” he asked.He asked if I would come the next day.?祈使句要變?yōu)椴欢ㄊ? 所使用的謂語要根據(jù)語氣來選擇 “Stay here,” the policeman said.The policeman requested him to stay there.“Close the window, please,” my mother said.My mother asked me to close the window.常用的動(dòng)詞: advise, ask, beg, command(命令), order, warn, tell, urge(催促), invite, persuade, remind, forbid

10.虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法, make/do

對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的虛擬, if從句中談?wù)摰氖窍胂蟮那闆r,主句則推測(cè)想象的結(jié)果 結(jié)構(gòu): 主句用過去時(shí), 從句用過去將來時(shí)

If you came here earlier, you would catch the train.If you spent more time on studying, you would get better result.If I were you, I would accept this offer.注意: 如果if從句中的動(dòng)詞是be, 那么應(yīng)該在第一和第三人稱單數(shù)名詞后用

were.Make/do用法

make conversation(聊天), make the bed(鋪床), make a promise(許諾), make trouble(找麻煩), make progress(取得進(jìn)步), make money(賺錢), make a speech(演講,講話), make mistakes(犯錯(cuò)誤), make up one’s mind(下定決心)

do one’s best(盡最大努力), do one’s homework(做家庭作業(yè)), do a few jobs(做家務(wù)), do sb.a favour(幫忙), do work(工作), do exercise(做練習(xí)), do shopping(購物), do business(做生意)

1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞need, must, have to 1.need 一般作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞使用

?需要某物He needs a hat.Does he need a hat? ?需要做某事need to do

I need to have a rest.You need to finish your work.?需要被…,主語與need 后的動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系:need doing=need to be done The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered.2.need用做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)一般為否定形式needn’t(不必要), 可以用來回答含有must, have to 的一般疑問句, 與don’t have to 同義

Must I wash the dishes? No, you needn’t.3.need 完成式needn’t have done

4.mustn’t 表示不應(yīng)該,一般口氣比較強(qiáng)硬,沒有商量.You mustn’t get up late.Remark/observe, notice 2.have 用法總結(jié)

have a ride(騎), have a look(看), have a wash(洗), have a swim(游泳), have a fight(打架), have quarrel(吵架), have a try(嘗試), have a rest(休息), have a smoke(吸煙), have a good sleep(睡覺)

Pick sb up(接), pick up(拿出,學(xué)習(xí),找到), pick out(挑出), 3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could/be able to do

1.can 表示可能性

If you want, I can go with you.2.表示天生或?qū)W到的能力, 可以用can/could/be able to do, 三者都可以用在現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)中，在將來時(shí)中要用will be able to

3.表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事要用can Look!He can stand on his head.4.表示成果的完成某個(gè)具體動(dòng)作時(shí)通常不用could而用be able to, 表示某動(dòng)作沒有成功用couldn’t

Can he borrow a book successfully?

Yes, he was able to borrow a book from his sister.No, he couldn’t.At 詞組

At first(開始), at once(立即), at present(目前), at last(最后), at any rate(無論如何), at heart(本質(zhì)上), at least(至少), at times(不時(shí)), at a loss(不知所措)

4.復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)名詞用法

1.動(dòng)名詞可以做句子的主語,表語,賓語,介詞賓語

2.在含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語后面要用動(dòng)名詞, 如: look forward to, be accustomed to, be used to, be tired of , be thirsty of, go on, insist on etc.3.有些動(dòng)詞后面既可用動(dòng)名詞也可以用不定式,所表達(dá)的意思沒有區(qū)別,常見的詞: start, begin, continue, delay, mean，4.有些動(dòng)詞后面加不定式表示一件具體的事情，加動(dòng)名詞表示一種習(xí)慣.I like drinking coffee, but today, I like to drink some tea.5.復(fù)習(xí)

Steal/rob, pay back

Steal表示偷偷摸摸的偷, 其賓語一般為物品 rob表示搶劫,其賓語一般是人或者某個(gè)處所 pay back 還錢, 報(bào)復(fù) 6.介詞用法 7.復(fù)習(xí)

suggest 用法, 當(dāng)建議用時(shí)后面加虛擬should +動(dòng)詞原形, should 可以省略.8.復(fù)習(xí)

Summary of Unit 39.復(fù)合句的構(gòu)成： ?用現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合句：

現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作的主語需與主句的主語一致。

?用過去分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合句，用語較正式的文體，代替被動(dòng)語態(tài)，Wounded in the war, his are can not move freely.Born in a happy family, he has never tasted the bitterness of life.?不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合句，不定式表示目的：

To buy a new car, the young man saved up for years.I went into the garden to pick some flowers.?通過從句構(gòu)成復(fù)合句：名詞性從句（主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句，同謂語從句），關(guān)系從句（定語從句），狀語從句（時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因，條件，方式，目的，結(jié)果，比較，讓步）10.復(fù)合句： lose/loose/miss expect/wait for

1.一般過去時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)： raise/rise, lay/lie, beat/win 2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 形容詞變副詞： 1．

直接在形容詞后加-ly，careful-carefully, slow-slowly，2． 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞，把y變I, 加-ly, happy-happily, lucky-luckily

3． 有些詞形容詞和副詞的形式相同，不需要做任何變化 fast, hard, late

4． 有些詞加上-ly后意思與原詞相差很遠(yuǎn)： near-nearly, high-highly, late-lately，3.時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)比：一般過去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) throw to,/throw at/throw away quite/quiet cause/reason drop/fall

4.Some, any的用法

?some, any 修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑問句，注意，當(dāng)期待對(duì)方的答案為肯定回答時(shí)用some

?many修飾可數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，在口語中表示很多一般不用many, much, 而用a lot of, 在否定句中表示很多用many, much.I have a lot of money.I don’t have much money.??當(dāng)一個(gè)名詞在詞組中表示主要目的時(shí)不要定冠詞：

in bed, at church, at class, college, hospital, market, prison, school, sea, university，go to school/church/work/ go to the cinema/theatre

?most表示大多數(shù)或非常：

Most students came to class today.We are most excited.The most是many/much的比較級(jí)，或者構(gòu)成形容詞副詞的比較級(jí)，只能表示最多或用在形容詞或副詞前面，This is the most interesting book I have ever seen.I have the most books in my class.5.Would/used to do

would do 表示過去習(xí)慣的動(dòng)作，也可以用來表示過去經(jīng)常性的行為，與used to do有時(shí)可以替換。不能替換的情況：

?used to do表示與現(xiàn)在強(qiáng)烈對(duì)照時(shí)，不可以用would I used to get up early every day, but I get up very late now.?used to do描寫過去狀態(tài)，would只表示過去特有的習(xí)慣和行為。I used to be a teacher.I used to have a company.I would walk along the river everyday after dinner.?一個(gè)故事的開頭不能用would表示過去習(xí)慣的動(dòng)作，只能用used to do或者一般過去時(shí)：

When I was a little girl, I always went to the cinema(I used to go to the cinema).I would sit there for hours.used to do(過去常常做某事)/be used to doing（習(xí)慣做某事）6.比較級(jí)最高級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)：

很多：many/much/a great deal of/a lot of/lots of/plenty of/a large sum of/a large amount of/a great many

handsome/beautiful/pretty/good-looking reach/arrive

take part in/take place 7.介詞用法：

at表示某個(gè)具體的位置 in表示在。。里面 off表示離開

in/with還可以表示穿戴,with可以表示帶有或長(zhǎng)有：a woman in a blue dress, a girl with a hat, a man with a beard

?make sb.do迫使某人做某事，變被動(dòng)時(shí)要加to

His father made to quit his job.He was made to quit the job.?Let sb.do表示允許某人做某事 Let’s表示建議：

Let’s go out for a walk.Let us go out please.否定：Don’t let us…/Let’s don’t… 8.被動(dòng)語態(tài)/強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：

據(jù)說：it is said/ it was said that

強(qiáng)調(diào)：It is/was+ 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who從句 I ate the apple two hours ago.It was I who ate the apple two hours ago.It was the apple that I ate two hours ago.I was tow hours ago that I ate the apple.強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語用do+動(dòng)詞原型

I did eat the apple two hours ago.Increase/grow Gain/earn Pick/cut

9.表示目的的幾種方式：

?帶to的不定式及其變體：in order to, so as to

I came to this school to/in order to/so as to learn English.I came here not to study Chinese but to study English

So as not to/in order not to

Every morning I got up very early in order not to be late.Want/bring/buy/need/take/use常用賓語+不定式，不定式常表示賓語的目的： I want something to drink.I need a pen to write.Bring me a chair to sit.?So that/in order that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句，主句一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)時(shí)，從句要用shall, may, can, will

He speaks very loudly in order that his grandpa can hear him.She studies very hard so that she can enter university.主句是一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)時(shí)，從句要用should, could, might, would

The teacher wrote the excerises on the blackboard so that the students would see them when they came in.He sent a letter to his mother so that she could learn the good news.如主句主語和從句主語不同時(shí)還可以用不定式+for+名詞/代詞 He sent a letter for his mother to learn the good news.10.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：

arrive, come, go, leave用在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句子里可以表示不遠(yuǎn)的將來發(fā)生的事情。

Spring is coming.I am leaving Beijing in two days.I’m meeting a guest this evening.名詞修飾名詞：

car key, world record, flower shop, fur coat, gold watch, cigarette ends, horror film, chair leg

1.時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)比：將來完成時(shí)，將來進(jìn)行時(shí)，將來完成時(shí) cost/price/value

2.時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)比：過去完成時(shí)/過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí) check/control great/big soil/ground

3.間接引語（祈使句）

祈使句要變?yōu)椴欢ㄊ? 所使用的謂語要根據(jù)語氣來選擇 “Stay here,” the policeman said.The policeman requested him to stay there.“Close the window, please,” my mother said.My mother asked me to close the window.常用的動(dòng)詞: advise, ask, beg, command(命令), order, warn, tell, urge(催促), invite, persuade, remind, forbid

insist/suggest/order/demand后要用虛擬語態(tài)should+do，should 可以省略 He insisted that we should stay for dinner.4.虛擬語態(tài)（過去條件句的虛擬）（見虛擬語態(tài)總結(jié)）draw in/draw back/draw up/draw off

5.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：

1． Must/have to do表示必須做某事，must表示現(xiàn)在和將來，have to do 可以用在任何時(shí)態(tài)

2． Should do/ought to do都可以表示應(yīng)該做某事，ought to do語氣更強(qiáng)，一般用在肯定句。

3． Had to do 表示過去必須做某事，should have done, ought to have done表示過去本應(yīng)該做某事而沒做。

I should have told you the news earlier.He ought to have known the rules.4． Could have done表示本能夠做某事而沒做。I could have saved more people.5． Might/must have done表示對(duì)過去事實(shí)的推測(cè)

6． Couldn’t have done表示對(duì)過去事實(shí)的否定推測(cè)，表示不可能 He couldn’t have stolen the wallet.Let sb.down, let sb.off, let sb.out, let sb.in Agree/accept Dress up/dress 6.Have用法： have sth.done:

?使別人為我們做某事

I have the car repaired.He has his hair cut.The officer had the clock checked.?表示某種遭遇：

I have my wallet stolen.He had his teeth knocked out.My sister has her bike stolen.集合名詞：

當(dāng)這個(gè)名詞作為一個(gè)整體使用時(shí)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，當(dāng)這個(gè)名詞作為一個(gè)組成整體的若干人時(shí)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。常見的有：family, crew, government, staff, class

7.表示成功的做成某事：

managed to do, was able to do, succeeded in doing 表示沒成功做某事：

did not manage to do, wasn’t able to do, didn’t succeed in doing couldn’t do, tried to do could do表示可能做某事 ?say:

表示說，講時(shí)，后面不能跟間接賓語，如果加用間接賓語加to，say sth.to sb.表示道別，背誦 表達(dá)思想，意見 表示據(jù)說

詞組：say a good word, say a prayer ?tell:

表示說，講后面可跟雙賓語, tell sb.sth.常用于講（實(shí)話，謊話，秘密）辨別，分辨

說出時(shí)間 8.動(dòng)名詞：

有些動(dòng)詞和形容詞詞組后要加動(dòng)名詞：

?admit, appreciated, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, finish, excuse, feel, keep, like, forgive, mention, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, suggest

?look forward to, be accustomed to, be used to, give up, can’t help, can’t stand, take to, object to, keep on, put off, burst out

?opposed to, consent to ,dedicate to, devote to, admit to, confess to, fall to, in addition to, stick to, lead to, attribute to, get to

?be busy/worth/no good/use doing, have trouble/difficulty/problem/, spend time or money doing, have difficult time doing

動(dòng)名詞完成式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：having been done 當(dāng)一個(gè)行為動(dòng)作由另一個(gè)行為動(dòng)作緊跟著時(shí)，第一個(gè)動(dòng)作可以用after doing,來表達(dá)，動(dòng)名詞完成式強(qiáng)調(diào)第一個(gè)行為動(dòng)作在第二個(gè)行為動(dòng)作開始之前完成。

After he had been asked to drive out of town, he began to acquire confidence.After having been asked to drive out of town, he began to acquire confidence.After I had been elected drive out of town, he began to acquire confidence.After having been elected drive out of town, he began to acquire confidence.practise/advise, pratice/advice enjoy/entertain/amuse 9.licence/license 10.介詞用法： 1.復(fù)習(xí)：

official/employee/shop assistant/clerk/officer hang/hung, hang/hanged 2.復(fù)習(xí)：summary of unit 4

74.get out(滾出去，出去)/get into（進(jìn)去）/get on（進(jìn)展）/get on with（繼續(xù)，相處）/get off（逃脫）/get sth.off（取下）/get over（恢復(fù)，結(jié)束）/get though（通過考試，吃完）

變成：

grow: 漸漸變成，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，比get更正式 get: 口語中最常用，同grow

turn: 變得和以往完全不同，往往是變壞，變色，變聲，變質(zhì)，turn red/pale/sour

go: 進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài)，不好的狀態(tài)，go bad ,go sour come: 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，come real, come true, come loose，fall: 陷入，變成某種狀態(tài)，后面不能加形容詞比較級(jí)，fall asleep, fall ill As usual/than usual between/among

manager/director/headmaster/headmistress/principal/president 75.非限定性定語從句

1． 用who, which引導(dǎo)，前面用逗號(hào)隔開，起補(bǔ)充說明的意思，如去掉不影響整個(gè)句子的意思。

The managers, who knew the event, held an emergent meeting.2． Which可以指代前面的一句話

He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like.3． 與限定性定語從句的區(qū)別，限定性定語從句是對(duì)先行詞修飾限定，如果沒有定語從句整個(gè)句子的意思就會(huì)改變，而非限定性從句只是起補(bǔ)充說明的作用，去掉以后不影響句意。例：

The visitors who knew the danger could not go any further.那些知道危險(xiǎn)的游客們不敢再往前走，（一部分人）

The visitors, who knew the danger, could not go any further.游客們知道了危險(xiǎn)不敢再往前走。（所有人）B.C., A.D.skin/leather/complexion wax/candle

78.keep on/keep off/ keep away from/ keep up/ keep up with/ keep out/ keep sb.in

79.倒裝句：

1． 條件句中的倒裝,（見虛擬語態(tài)）

2． 否定意義的副詞放在句首，整個(gè)句子要倒裝：never, seldom, little, not only, scarely, hardly, no sooner, on no occasion

Hardly had he stolen the wallet when he was caught by the police man.No sooner had he arrived the cinema than the film began.3． Only+ 狀語，only after, only then

Only in this way could I finish the work timely.Only after he had taken off his hat did I recognize him.take off/take after/take up/take to/take in/take down/take over

80.on display/on show/on business/on foot/on duty/on the whole/on fire/on purpose/on the average/on any account/on second thoughts 80.Cloth, clothing, clothes，salute, greet, clear/clean

81.形容詞修飾名詞順序：

特性——形狀，大小，長(zhǎng)短——顏色——名詞 a beautiful broad red carpet a small blue case an ugly long face laugh/laugh at wash/wash up

82.在主句用though, if, although, until, when, while引導(dǎo)，可以省略主語和系動(dòng)詞

Though(he is)poor, he is satisfied with his conditions.Until(you are)invited, you should not come.If she(is in need), she will borrow money from her parents.Temper/mood

83.當(dāng)賓語是不定式短語，動(dòng)名詞或從句時(shí)如果后面有賓語補(bǔ)語，必須用it做形式主語，think, find, feel, consider, make

He thought it easy to pass the examination.I feel if right that he should be punished.I think it wrong for people to behave like that.84.Too…to的用法 to/enough的區(qū)別 85.Out of

1． Out of the way/fashion/order/sight/danger/sight（與in介詞相反）2． Out of breath/work/pring/cash/stock（沒有，不足）3． Out of politeness/kindness/pity/curiosity(出于)Enough/fairly

Enough: 修飾形容詞或副詞/修飾名詞/做代詞使用 88.Run out of/run after/run over/run in/run into 89.free/single queue/row funny-amusing

90.And 連接的兩個(gè)名詞如果作為一個(gè)整體出現(xiàn)則用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞

needle and thread, bacon and eggs, bread and butter, cheese and wine, fish and chips, a knife and fork, sausage and mash

91.Make for/make out/make up/make up for 92.So/neither的倒裝句 so/neither+be+ 主語

so/neither+助動(dòng)詞+ 主語 so/neither+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ 主語 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), do, does/am, is, are 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí), am, is, are 一般過去時(shí), did

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí), have, has 一般將來時(shí), will, shall, 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，was, were 過去完成時(shí)，had 過去將來時(shí), would 93.重音：

重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)上為名詞，重音在第二個(gè)音節(jié)為動(dòng)詞：

present, insult, produce, record, process, protest, contrast, contest, rebel, conduct, export, import, increase, permit

94.介詞：

appear:強(qiáng)調(diào)觀察者的主觀看法 He appears to want to go.It appears as if she would win.He appears like a king.(別人覺得他像)seem：根據(jù)某種跡象得出一種結(jié)論或看法 It seems to rain.He seems like a king.(他的外表舉止給人感覺像)look：根據(jù)外表推斷

He looks like a king.（他看起來像，但實(shí)際不是。）

第三篇：新概念英語第二冊(cè)語法總結(jié)：時(shí)態(tài)的總結(jié)

新概念英語第二冊(cè)語法總結(jié)：時(shí)態(tài)的總結(jié)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： 表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

表示現(xiàn)階段正在做的事

表示將要做的事

結(jié)構(gòu)：主 + am/is/are + doing 一般過去時(shí)：過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

結(jié)構(gòu)： 主 + did 一般將來時(shí)： 表示對(duì)將來的打算

結(jié)構(gòu)： 主 + will/shall + do 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： 表示發(fā)生在過去對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響的動(dòng)作

結(jié)構(gòu)： 主 + have/has done 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)： 表示過去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

結(jié)構(gòu): 主 + was/were + doing 將來進(jìn)行時(shí): 表示將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

結(jié)構(gòu): 主+ will/shall + be doing 過去完成時(shí): 表示動(dòng)作在過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前已經(jīng)完成（過去的過去，通常與一般過去時(shí)互為主從句）

結(jié)構(gòu)： 主 + had done 將來完成時(shí): 表示到未來某一時(shí)間將已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作

結(jié)構(gòu)： 主 + will/shall + have done 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí):表示動(dòng)作從過去開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響

結(jié)構(gòu)： 主 + have/has + been doing 將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示狀況將一直持續(xù)到說話人所提及的時(shí)間

結(jié)構(gòu)：主 + will have + been doing 過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示動(dòng)作在過去更早的某一時(shí)間段內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行，并對(duì)過去產(chǎn)生影響。

結(jié)構(gòu)：主 + had + been doing

第四篇：新概念英語第二冊(cè)

新概念英語第二冊(cè) 第68課詞組(2013-02-20 23:14:19)

轉(zhuǎn)載▼

分類： 新概念英語第2冊(cè)輔導(dǎo)

本課重點(diǎn)：在若干動(dòng)詞及詞組后的動(dòng)名詞(ing)

一、詞組

no matter how 不管怎樣

wave to＝signal to 打招呼, 招手

just in time 剛好，不遲不早＝only just

insist on 堅(jiān)持

prevent…form 避免

follow around 跟著轉(zhuǎn)

there(be)plenty 有不少……

二、跟ing的動(dòng)詞及詞組

avoid meeting him 避開他

come running 跑過來

it was no use pretending 假裝沒有用

enjoy meeting him 喜歡見他

insist on coming 堅(jiān)持要來

(be)busy doing… 忙著干

(would you)mind opening 你是否介意打開……(請(qǐng)你打開……)finish speaking 講完了

fancy meeting 真想不到見著……

it’s not worth worrying 不值得擔(dān)心

I can’t stand shouting 不能容忍大叫大嚷 smell(something)burning 聞到什么燒焦味

go dancing(swimming，shopping)去跳舞(游泳, 購物)forgive(somebody)for being rude 原諒別人鹵莽

三、come和現(xiàn)在分詞連用表示“來”的方式：come十ing wind came blowing 風(fēng)吹來

letters of thanks came pouring in 感謝信不斷涌來 she came hurrying in 她匆忙趕回來

第五篇：英語五種基本句型教案

英語五種基本句型教案

（1515.1516班

授課老師蔣茉華）

一．Teaching Goals教學(xué)目標(biāo)： 1.Ability Goals能力目標(biāo)：

a．Learn some detail information about the basic structures of English sentences;b.Improve the students’ ability of analyze the structure of sentences;c.Enable the students to translate the English sentences 2.Learning Ability Goals學(xué)能目標(biāo)：

Help the students grasp the ability of constructing new sentences.3.Emotion情感目標(biāo)：

a.Learn how to cooperate with others;b.Build the self-confidence of students

二．Teaching Important Points教學(xué)重點(diǎn)： a.The five basic English structures;b.Constructing English sentences;c.Train the students’ ability of translating complex sentences

三．Teaching Difficult Points 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)

a.Train the ability how to write the right sentences, including the complex ones;b.Train the ability of analyzing the whole passage and give the main ideas of the passage or paragraphs

四．Teaching Aids 教學(xué)設(shè)備

A computer, a projector and some slides

五．Teaching Procedures Step 1 Show to the students the basic structures 基本句型一： Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋謂）

基本句型二： Ｓ +Ｖ+ Ｐ（主＋謂＋表）基本句型三： Ｓ +Ｖ+ Ｏ（主＋謂＋賓）

基本句型四： Ｓ +Ｖ+ ｏ+ Ｏ（主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓）基本句型五： Ｓ+ Ｖ+ Ｏ+ Ｃ（主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ)

句型1： Subject(主語)＋ Verb(謂語)此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)，即句子的謂語動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思，這種句型中的動(dòng)詞大多是不及物動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞后不可以直接接賓語，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。常見的動(dòng)詞如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如：

1.The sun was shining.太陽在照耀著。2.The moon rose.月亮升起了。3.The universe remains.宇宙長(zhǎng)存。

4.We all breathe, eat, and drink.我們大家都呼吸、吃和喝。5.Who cares? 管它呢？

6.What he said does not matter.他所講的沒有什么關(guān)系。7.They talked for half an hour.他們談了半個(gè)小時(shí)。8.The pen writes smoothly.這支筆書寫流利。

Ｓ

1.Time 2.The moon 3.The man 4.We all 5.Everybody 6.I 7.They 8.He 9.He 10.They Ｖ（不及物動(dòng)詞）flies.rose.cooked.eat, and drink.laughed? woke.talked for half an hour.walked yesterday.is playing.have gone.句型2：Subject(主語)＋ Link.V(系動(dòng)詞)＋ Predicate(表語)此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同的特點(diǎn)：句子謂語動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做連系動(dòng)詞，這種句型主要用來表示主語的特點(diǎn)、身份等。其系動(dòng)詞一般可分為下列兩類：(1)表示狀態(tài)。這樣的詞有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如： 1)This kind of food tastes delicious.這種食物吃起來很可口。2)He looked worried just now.剛才他看上去有些焦急。

3)Several players lay flat on the playground.幾個(gè)隊(duì)員平躺在操場(chǎng)上。4)We should remain modest and prudent any time.我們?cè)谌魏螘r(shí)候都應(yīng)該保持謙虛謹(jǐn)慎。

5)This kind of food tastes terrible.這種食物吃起來很糟糕。6)The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.這幅畫在一定的距離看更漂亮一些。

(2)表示變化。這類系動(dòng)詞有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。如：

1)Spring comes.It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天氣變得越來越暖和。2)The tree has grown much taller than before.這棵樹比以前長(zhǎng)得高多了。

3)Spring comes.It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天氣變得越來越暖和。4)Don't have the food.It has gone bad.不要吃那種食物，已經(jīng)變質(zhì)了。5)The facts prove true.事實(shí)證明是正確的。

Ｓ 1.This 2.The dinner 3.He 4.Everything 5.He 6.The book 7.The weather 8.His face

Ｐ(表語)

an English dictionary.good.happy.different.tall and strong.interesting.warmer.red.句型3：Subject(主語)＋ Verb(謂語)＋ Object(賓語)

這種句型中的動(dòng)詞一般為及物動(dòng)詞, 所謂及物動(dòng)詞，就是這種動(dòng)詞后可以直接接賓語，其賓語通常由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句等來充當(dāng)。此句型句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：謂Ｖ（是系動(dòng)詞）is smells(聞)fell looks is is became turned 語動(dòng)詞都具有實(shí)義，都是主語產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟有一個(gè)賓語，即動(dòng)作的承受者，才能使意思完整。例：

1)He took his bag and left.（名詞）他拿著書包離開了。2)Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties.(代詞)當(dāng)我遇到困難時(shí)，李雷總能給我?guī)椭?/p>

3)She plans to travel in the coming May Day.（不定式）她打算在即將到來的“五一”外出旅游。

4)I don’t know what I should do next.(從句)我不知道下一步該干什么 5)You can put the books in your bag.你可以把書放在書包里。

6)Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我們這里的農(nóng)民種很多種蔬菜。7)She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞臺(tái)上露面的機(jī)會(huì)。

8)I prefer to make web pages.我更喜歡做網(wǎng)頁。

Ｓ

1.Who 2.She 3.He 8.He 5.They 6.Danny 7.I 4.He Ｖ（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said Ｏ(賓語)the answer? her.English.cakes.some apples.donuts.to have a cup of tea.“Good morning.” 句型4： Subject(主語)＋Verb(謂語)＋ Indirect object(間接賓語)＋Direct object(直接賓語)此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)：謂語動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者，另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者。這種句型中，直接賓語為主要賓語，表示動(dòng)作是對(duì)誰做的或?yàn)檎l做的，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名詞來充當(dāng)；間接賓語也被稱之為第二賓語，去掉之后，對(duì)整個(gè)句子的影響不大，多由指“人”的名詞或代詞承擔(dān)。引導(dǎo)這類雙賓語的常見動(dòng)詞有：buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。如：

1)Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.她爸爸給她買了一本詞典作為生日禮物。

2）The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.老人經(jīng)常給孩子們講述長(zhǎng)征途中那些英雄的故事。

3)Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present.昨天她父親給她買了一輛自行車作為生日禮物。

4）The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.老人正在給孩子們講長(zhǎng)征中的故事。

這種句型還可轉(zhuǎn)換為其他兩種句型：1)動(dòng)詞 ＋ 賓語 ＋ for sb.； 2)動(dòng)詞 ＋ 賓語＋to sb.Please show me your picture.=Please show your picture to me.請(qǐng)把你的畫給我看一下。

I'll offer you a good chance as long as you don t lose heart.=I'll offer a good chance for you as long as you don't lose heart.只要你不失去信心，我會(huì)給你提供機(jī)會(huì)的。

Ｓ

1.She 2.She 3.He 4.He 5.I 6.I 7.I 8.He

Ｏ（多指物）a new dress.a delicious meal.a dictionary.nothing.my pictures.a hand.how to run the machine.that the bus was late.句型5： Subject(主語)＋Verb(動(dòng)詞)＋Object(賓語)＋Complement(補(bǔ)語)

此句型的句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞，但是只跟一個(gè)賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語，才能使意思完整。這種句型中的“賓語＋補(bǔ)語”統(tǒng)稱為“復(fù)合賓語”。賓語補(bǔ)足語的主要作用或者是補(bǔ)充、說明賓語的特點(diǎn)、身份等；或者表示讓賓語去完成的動(dòng)作等。擔(dān)任補(bǔ)語的常常是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、動(dòng)詞不定式等。常見的動(dòng)詞有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。如： 1）You should keep the room clean and tidy.你應(yīng)該讓屋子保持干凈整潔。（形容詞）2)We made him our monitor.(名詞)我們選他當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)。

3)His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父親告訴他不要在街上玩。4)My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball.(現(xiàn)在分詞)5)Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans.(過去分詞)6)Keep the children quiet, please.請(qǐng)讓孩子們安靜下來。7)He painted the wall white.他把墻漆成白色。

8)We found him an honest person.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他是一個(gè)誠實(shí)的人。

9)His mother told him not to play on the street.他母親告訴他不要在街上玩。

注意：動(dòng)詞have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，不帶to。如：

6)The boss made him do the work all day.老板讓他整天做那項(xiàng)工作。7)I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.昨天晚上我聽見她在隔壁唱了一個(gè)晚上。Ｖ（及物）passed cooked brought bought showed gave told showed ｏ（多指人）

him her husband you her him him me Ｓ 1.We 2.They 3.They 4.They 5.What 6.We 7.He 8.I

Ｖ（及物）keep painted call found makes saw asked saw

Ｏ（賓語）

the table the door supper the house him him me them

Ｃ（賓補(bǔ)）

clean.green.dinner.dirty.sad? out.tocome back soon.getting on the bus.Step 2:There be 句型: 此句型是由 there + be + 主語 + 狀語構(gòu)成，用以表達(dá)存在有，一種無主語的有。它其實(shí)是倒裝的一種情況，主語位于謂語動(dòng)詞 be 之后，there 僅為引導(dǎo)詞，并無實(shí)際語。Be 與其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)量上一致，有時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如，現(xiàn)在有 there is/are …

過去有 there was/were…

將來有 there will be…/there is /are going to be...現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有 there has/have been…

可能有 there might be...肯定有 there must be …/there must have been...過去一直有 there used to be …

似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be …

碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be …

此句型有時(shí)不用be動(dòng)詞，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive, 等。

Step 3 Exercises and homework Ask the students to translate sentences;Review what we’ve learned in class