第一篇：2014哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講

感謝凱蒂，感謝佛斯特校長、哈佛大學(xué)部成員、監(jiān)事會、還有迎接我回校園的所有教職員工、校友和學(xué)生！能來到這里我很激動，不僅是因為我能在哈佛大學(xué)每363屆畢業(yè)典禮上對優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生和校友講話，更因為我能站在歐普拉去年曾站的相同地方！omg！

下面開始進行我們的首要任務(wù)，為2014屆畢業(yè)生熱烈鼓掌，這是他們贏得的。

畢業(yè)生都很興奮，但這幾周同時肯定也讓他們有些精疲力竭。家長們，我指的不是期末考試，而是四年級運動會，最后一次舞會以及午夜巡游。總之，今年的校園很讓人激動。

哈佛橄欖球隊連續(xù)第七次擊敗耶魯，男子籃球隊連續(xù)兩年進入到了ncaa賽事第二輪，還有男子壁球隊獲得全國冠軍。誰會想哈佛竟然有這么強大的運動能力。不久，就會有人問，你們什么時候?qū)W術(shù)能力能夠超過體育能力？

我個人同哈佛的聯(lián)系開始于1964年，我從約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)畢業(yè)，被錄取到這里的商學(xué)院，你們感謝在想、或是正在同旁邊的人竊竊私語說：他怎么就進了哈佛的商學(xué)院，畢竟他的學(xué)術(shù)成績這么出色，總能成為班上排名位于前半部分的學(xué)生，我不知道，比我自己更驚訝的可能就演唱會有我的教授了。無論如何，今天我又回到了劍橋。

我注意到，這里同我當學(xué)生時有些變化，廣場附近我原來很喜歡的elise三文治餐廳現(xiàn)在成了一家墨西哥卷餅店，原來提供美味啤酒和香腸的wursthaus變成現(xiàn)在的工藝美味酒吧，我不知道這是什么玩意，原來的霍利奧克中心現(xiàn)在改名叫史密斯校園中心，你難道不討厭校友用自己的名字命名所有東西嗎？

不過也有好消息，哈佛保留了五十年前我剛進校時的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)，仍然是美國最具聲望的大學(xué)，同其他偉大的大學(xué)樣，它位于美國民主實驗的心臟地帶，哈佛的目的不只是幸知識，還包括增進我們關(guān)于國家的理想。各種背景，各種信仰，探索各種問題的人都能在偉大的大學(xué)中自由開放的學(xué)習(xí)知識并探討想法。今天我想跟大家談?wù)勥@種自由對于每個人而言是多么重要，無論我們多么強烈反對別人的觀點，對他人想法的容忍以及表達自身言論的自由是偉大大學(xué)中不可侵害的價值，兩者結(jié)合在一起構(gòu)成了維持民主社會根基的神圣信賴。但我要告訴大家，這種信賴，是很脆弱的，特別是在君主、暴君、多數(shù)的專橫傾向下。

最近，這種傾向經(jīng)常再現(xiàn)在我們的大學(xué)校園和社會中，這是個壞消息，而且很不幸的是，哈佛以及我自己的城市紐約也都見證過這種趨勢。首先，在紐約市你可能記得，幾年前有些人強烈反對在世貿(mào)中心的舊址幾個街區(qū)遠的專訪建 一座清真寺，這是一個情感的問題。民意調(diào)查顯示，超過2/3的美國人都反對在那里建清真寺，即使是反誹謗聯(lián)盟，這一被公認為全車宗教自由最熱情的捍衛(wèi)者，也毫不掩飾對該項目表示反對，反對者進行著反對和示威遣責(zé)開發(fā)者，要求市政府停止這項工程這是他們的權(quán)利，我們保護他們的搞辯權(quán)，但他們的觀點絕對是錯誤的，我們拒絕屈從。政府如果單獨選 出某種宗教阻止，而且只阻止在特定地點建立宗教活動場所，這絕對是和偉大美國的道德原則背道而馳的，這應(yīng)該是憲法保護所不允許的。

美國這個五十州聯(lián)邦依賴于兩大價值的結(jié)合：自由和寬容。正是這兩大價值的結(jié)合，讓一個不信神的國家，但事實上，沒有任何國家比美利堅合眾國更愿意保護人類的各種信仰和哲學(xué)，不過這種保護需要依賴于我們持續(xù)的警覺，我們傾向于認為政教分離的原則已經(jīng)確立，實際上沒有而且永遠不會，我們需要堅決地擁護它，確保法律條文下規(guī)定的平等，對于每個人都是平等垢。

如果你希望按照自己希望的那樣進行宗教活動，按照希望的那樣發(fā)表言論，同希望的人結(jié)婚，你就必須寬容我像這樣的自由，我做事可能會冒犯你，你可能覺得我的行為不道德或是非正義，但你不能用自身沒有的限制方式來限制我的自由，否則這只會導(dǎo)致不公。我們在自己要

求權(quán)利的同時，不能否定其他人的相同權(quán)利，對于城市是這樣，對于大學(xué)也同樣是這樣。學(xué)術(shù)壓迫的勢力正在抬頭。自1950年以來，這是最為嚴重的。在我小時候，美國參議員，當然~你們可以鼓掌~~~在我小時候，美國參議員喬麥卡錫問：“你現(xiàn)在是不是，曾經(jīng)是不是~~？”他試圖壓制和定罪，那些贊同哪怕在當時都已經(jīng)很失敗的經(jīng)濟體制的人，麥卡錫的紅色恐懼讓數(shù)以千計的人失去了生命，他害怕的是什么呢，是一種思想，也就是共產(chǎn)主義。

他和一些人認為這種思想很危險。不過他至少在一噗上是正確的，思想確實危險。思想能夠改變社會，思想能夠顛覆傳統(tǒng)，思想能夠開啟革命。這就是為什么歷史上，那些權(quán)貴要抑制思想、避免這些思想威脅到他們的權(quán)力、宗教、意識形態(tài)以及地位。蘇格拉底和伽利略是這樣，納爾遜曼德拉和瓦茨拉夫哈維爾是這樣，艾未來、造反貓咪樂隊以及在伊朗制作快樂視頻的孩子們也是這樣。壓抑自由言論表達是人類本性上的弱點，每次出現(xiàn)時我們都需要同它進行斗爭，結(jié)思想的不寬容，無論是自由還是保守派思想，都同個人權(quán)利和自由社會背道而馳的。以上這此自然也適用于偉大大學(xué)和項尖學(xué)者。大學(xué)校園正淬著一咱觀點，我想哈佛也不例外，認為學(xué)者只有在研究符合特定正義觀念的前提下，才應(yīng)獲得資助。這種觀點可以用一個詞來概括：審查，這是麥卡錫主義的當代表現(xiàn)，想想這有多么諷剌。1950年代，右翼試圖掏左翼思想，而今天在很多大學(xué)校園自由派則開始抑制保守派思想。保守派教職員工甚至就快成為瀕危物種，這種情況尤其在常春藤盟校最為突出。2012年總統(tǒng)選舉中，根據(jù)聯(lián)邦選舉委員會數(shù)據(jù)，常春藤盟校教職員工有96%的捐贈都給了巴拉克奧巴馬，前蘇聯(lián)政治局的差異都比常春藤盟校捐贈大。這一統(tǒng)計數(shù)字發(fā)人深思。雖然我也支持奧巴馬總統(tǒng)的再次當選，但我認為任何派別都不應(yīng)該壟斷真理，或讓上帝總站在它那一邊，96%常春藤盟校捐贈者偏向于某一位候選人，這就不得不讓人懷疑，這些大學(xué)中的學(xué)生是否獲得了他們應(yīng)當獲得的觀點多樣性，性別、人種、取向多樣性都很重要。但一所大學(xué)還應(yīng)當有政治多樣性，否則就稱不上偉大。實際上，為教授提供終生教職就是為保證他們能夠自由地進行研究，而不用害怕研究主題同學(xué)校政治和社會規(guī)范不一致。最初的終身教職如果要繼續(xù)存在，就必須保護同自由派規(guī)范相沖突的保守派思想，否則，大學(xué)研究和進行研究的教授就會失去信譽。

偉大的大學(xué)不應(yīng)當戴有黨派的有色眼鏡，教育不應(yīng)當成為自由主義的教育，大學(xué)的角色不應(yīng)當是宣揚某一種意識形態(tài)而應(yīng)當是為學(xué)者和學(xué)生提供問題研究和辯論的中立論壇，不讓天平朝任何一個方向傾斜，不抑制不受歡迎的觀點。因此，要求學(xué)者和畢業(yè)典禮發(fā)言者，遵循特定的政治標準會侵蝕整個大學(xué)的存在的意義。

今年春，很讓人不安的是，很多大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮演講者都被撤銷了，甚至連邀請函都被撤回了，僅僅因為學(xué)生甚至資深教職團隊和管理者的反對。我很吃驚，學(xué)生姑且不論，其他人顯然應(yīng)當更明事理一些。這發(fā)生在布蘭代斯、哈弗福德、羅格斯、史密斯等院校。去年，還發(fā)生在斯沃斯莫爾和約翰霍普金斯。我很遺憾，這些例子中，自由派都希望讓不喜歡的聲音無法發(fā)出，政治上不被其認同的人會被拒絕授予榮譽學(xué)位，這太讓人憤怒了。我們不應(yīng)當讓它繼續(xù)發(fā)生，如果一所大學(xué)在邀請一位畢業(yè)典禮演講嘉賓時還要因為政治立場再三斟酌，審查和一致這些自由的死敵就會勝出，很悲哀的是，并不只有畢業(yè)季的演講嘉賓會被審查，去年秋天，我還在擔(dān)任市長的時候，市警察局長受邀到另一所常春藤盟校進行演講，結(jié)果他的演講卻因?qū)W生大專抗議而無法進行。比起讓討論沉默，大學(xué)的意義不應(yīng)當是激起講座嗎？學(xué)生到底害怕聽到什么，為什么管理者不采取措施避免暴民干擾演講。難道其他想聽演講的學(xué)生，機會 就應(yīng)當被這樣剝奪嗎？我敢肯定，今天畢業(yè)的學(xué)生肯定都讀過，約翰斯圖爾物密爾的——論自由。請允許我將其中的一小段讀給大家聽：強迫別人不能發(fā)表意見的邪惡及是對整個人類的掠奪，對后代人類的掠奪，對不同意于那個意見的人掠奪更多”，他繼續(xù)首“假如那意見是對的，那么他們是被剝奪了以錯誤換真理的機會；假如那意見是錯的，那么他們是

失掉了一個差不多同樣大的利益，那就是從真理與錯誤沖突中產(chǎn)一出來的對于真理的更加清楚的認識和更加生動的印象”，密爾如果知道大學(xué)學(xué)生強迫別不發(fā)表意見肯定會痛心疾首，密爾如果知道連教職團隊都通常成為畢業(yè)演講審查活動的一部分，肯定會更加痛心疾首。如果是終身教職教授強迫觀點同自己不一對致的發(fā)言者不發(fā)表言論，那就真的是莫大諷剌了。特別是發(fā)生在東北的那些抗議，自稱的自由寬容顯得尤為偽善。不過很高興的是，哈佛沒有陷入這些畢業(yè)典禮審查之中，否則的話，科羅拉多州參議員邁克爾約翰斯頓昨天就沒有機會在教育學(xué)院發(fā)表演講了。不少學(xué)生號召管理層撤回對約翰斯頓的邀請，因為他們反對他的一些教育政策。不過佛斯特校長和賴安院長都非常堅定，賴安院長寫信給這些學(xué)生說：“觀點存在分歧”在我看來，這引起分歧應(yīng)當經(jīng)過探討和辯論，受到挑戰(zhàn)和質(zhì)疑，同時也應(yīng)受到尊敬和慶賀。他完全是正確的，他以自身的言行為2014屆畢業(yè)生上最為寶貴的最后一課，作為約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)前任主席，我堅信一所大學(xué)的職責(zé)并不是教學(xué)生思考什么，而是教學(xué)生如何思考。這就需要傾聽不同意見，不帶偏見的衡量各種觀點，冷靜思考不同意見中是否也有可取的內(nèi)容。如果教職員工做不到這一點，學(xué)校管理者就有責(zé)任介入儔解決這一問題，否則的話，學(xué)生畢業(yè)時就會封閉自己的耳朵和思維。大學(xué)也就辜負了學(xué)生和社會的信任。如果想知道這會導(dǎo)致什么，看看華盛頓就知道了。在華盛頓，我國面臨的所有重大問題，包括國家安全、經(jīng)濟、環(huán)境、醫(yī)療等問題，兩黨在處理所有這些問題時，都沒有考慮協(xié)作，而是看誰聲音更大，以此壓倒對方，試圖抑制和破壞同自己意識形態(tài)不相符的調(diào)研結(jié)果。大學(xué)對這種模式模仿得越鑫，我們的社會就會變得越糟糕。我來舉一些例子，數(shù)十年來，國會都禁止養(yǎng)病控制中心進行槍支暴力的研究，最近，國會又對國立衛(wèi)生研究院頒布禁令，你需要問問自己，他們在害怕什么。今年，參議院延遲對奧巴馬總統(tǒng)提名的衛(wèi)生局局長佛內(nèi)科醫(yī)師維維克莫西進行投票，原因僅僅是他竟敢說，槍支暴力是一大應(yīng)當處理的公共衛(wèi)生危機。他真是太大膽了。讓我們嚴肅一些。每天都86位美國人死于槍殺，槍擊事件也經(jīng)常發(fā)生在校園中，包括上周發(fā)生在對巴巴拉的悲劇。但除此之外，再說什么估計都會被認為是醫(yī)療失當。在政治上也同很多大學(xué)校園中發(fā)生的一樣，人們不愿意聽到同自己意識形態(tài)相抵觸的事實，他們害怕它們，而且沒有什么比科學(xué)證據(jù)更他們害怕的了。今年早些時候，南卡羅來納州對公立學(xué)校彩了新標準，州議會竟然禁止人們提到自然選擇。這就像是教經(jīng)常學(xué)，卻不講供需，還需要問那個問題。他們害怕什么？答案很顯然，同國會議員害怕數(shù)據(jù)破壞他們的意識形態(tài)一樣，這些州議會議員害怕科學(xué)證據(jù)破壞他們的宗教信念。想要證據(jù)的人可以考慮這個，南卡羅來納的一位八女孩給州議會議員寫一封信，請他們將犯犸象定為官方州化石，州議員們認為這個主意很好，因為猛犸象化石早在1725年就發(fā)現(xiàn)于州里，然后州參議遼通過的法案中卻將猛犸象定義為“創(chuàng)造于陸生動物創(chuàng)生的第六天”。這些東西不能胡編亂造。在二十一世紀的美國，教會和國家之間的壁壘仍在受到攻擊。這就需要我們來維持兩者的分離。很不幸的是，將意識形態(tài)和宗教觀念強加到檜和進化論的這些民選官員，大多也正是不愿承認氣候變化科學(xué)證據(jù)的那些人。別誤解我的意思，科學(xué)懷疑主義是有好外的，但是尋找更多的證據(jù)的科學(xué)懷疑主義同意識形態(tài)上拒絕科學(xué)證據(jù)的頑固不化是有本質(zhì)判別的。我么多民選官員針對科學(xué)都是這種態(tài)度。聯(lián)邦政府沒能盡到自己的職責(zé)，在大學(xué)等機構(gòu)投資科學(xué)研究也就毫不奇怪了。如今，gnp中用于研究和開發(fā)的聯(lián)邦支出百分比是五十余年間最低的，這讓世界其它國家有機會趕上，甚至超過美國的科學(xué)研究，聯(lián)邦政府在科學(xué)上是不及格的，就像很多州政府一樣。我們美國不應(yīng)該背離科學(xué)，內(nèi)部也不應(yīng)該相互仇視?；氐?014屆畢業(yè)生典禮上來，你們必須引領(lǐng)前路，每個問題上我們都應(yīng)當遵循證據(jù)的指引、傾聽人們的意見。只要我們這樣做，就沒有什么問題解決不了，沒有解不開的死結(jié)，沒有談不妥的和解。思想交流越自由，政治多樣性就越強，我們就越健康，社會就會越強大。我知道，我并沒有按照傳統(tǒng)方式做畢業(yè)典禮演講。實際上，這甚至可能讓我在人文系的論文答辯上無法通過，不過講這些麻煩事時總不會輕松。畢業(yè)生們，在你們一生中，不要害怕說出自己認為正確的東西，無

論它有多么不受歡迎，特別是在捍衛(wèi)他人權(quán)利的時候。捍衛(wèi)他人權(quán)利，有時比捍衛(wèi)自身權(quán)利更為重要。因為當人們尋求抑制其他人自由的時候，你可能會保持沉默。這樣你將會助長這種抑制，哪天你可能也會成為受害者。不要沆瀣一氣，不要人云亦云，大聲說出來，有力地回擊，我敢肯定，你會受到批評，我敢肯定，你還會失去一些朋友，樹立一些敵人，但歷史會站在你這一邊！我們的車家也會因此更加強盛！所有畢業(yè)生，都經(jīng)過努力獲得了今天的成就，你們可以很自豪很感激！

今晚，在你們離開這所偉大的大學(xué)之前，可能會去香港餐廳來一大碗蝎子碗大雜燴，明天你們需要開始行動焉，讓我們的國家和世界對每個人都更自由并永遠自由下去！

上帝保佑你們！好運！篇二：雪莉 桑德伯格在哈佛2014年畢業(yè)典禮上的演講

雪莉 桑德伯格在哈佛2014年畢業(yè)典禮上的演講

祝賀所有人，你們做到了。我指的不是大學(xué)畢業(yè)，而你們成功出席今天的畢業(yè)典禮。如果我沒記錯，某些同學(xué)雖然昨晚在香港具廳喝了太多蝎子碗調(diào)酒，但今天還是來了。由于天氣，這種哈 佛還沒有弄清如何控制的現(xiàn)象，還胡同學(xué)正在溫暖的地方喝熱可可飲料。所以，你們有很多為今天出席畢業(yè)日活動感到自豪的理由。

祝賀你們的家長，你們花了很多錢，讓子女能夠說自己是從波士頓附近的這所“小學(xué)校”畢業(yè)的。還要感謝2014屆畢業(yè)生邀請我來到這次盛典。這對我價值巨大?？吹竭^往演講者的名單讓人有些敬畏，我肯定沒有艾米波樂那么搞笑，但我至少比特雷薩修女更幽默。

25年前，一個當時還不認識，但以后成為我丈夫的男人戴夫，從在你們現(xiàn)在從的地方。23年前，我從在你們現(xiàn)在從的地方。戴夫和我這個周末，帶著可愛的子女回校，我們都有相同的三角：哈佛的籃球隊太棒了！

站在校園中，回憶泉涌。1987年的秋天，我從邁阿密來到這里，懷揣著偉大的夢想，還胡更夸張的發(fā)型。我被分配到哈佛偉大建筑的一座歷史豐碑~卡納迪樓，我是說真的，我當時穿著牛仔裙，白色暖褲襪套，運動鞋，還有一件弗羅里達羊毛衫。因為當時我的父母告訴我，所有人都會認為來自弗里達的人很酷。至少，我們那時沒有。

對我而言，哈佛給了我很多第一次，包括我的第一件冬裝，在邁阿密沒有人需要冬裝。我的第一份10頁的論文，高中沒有人會布置這么長的作業(yè)。我第一次得c，這之后，我的學(xué)監(jiān)告訴我說，她在招生委員會，她招我進來不是因為我的學(xué)術(shù)潛能，而是因為我的品性。我在寄宿學(xué)?？吹降牡谝粋€人，我就覺得這個人會是個大麻煩。我還碰到了第一個名字同整座建筑一樣的人，這個人名字叫做薩拉威格爾斯沃斯，她和那棟宿舍樓沒有關(guān)系，當時我很震驚，知道她和宿舍樓沒有關(guān)系后，我松了一口氣。之后，我還碰到了其他人，弗朗西斯斯特勞斯，詹姆斯威爾斯，杰西卡科學(xué)中心b。我第一們愛，第一們讓我心碎的人。我第一次認識到自己熱愛學(xué)習(xí)，第一次也是最后一次遇到有在讀拉丁文。

我畢業(yè)那年，我想好自己以后有什么計劃，我要進世界銀行，對抗全球貧窮，然后我要去法學(xué)院，然后我將非營利機構(gòu)或政府工作，你們院長也講了，在明天

我對自己畢業(yè)后的數(shù)十年規(guī)劃其實并沒錯，計劃只錯在了一年后，就算我算到了自己會在私營企業(yè)工作，我肯定算不到自己會在臉譜，那時候沒有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。那時候馬克扎克伯格還在讀小學(xué)，已經(jīng)開始穿他的標志性帽衫了。沒有太早鎖死自己的道路，讓我有機會進入改變生活的全新領(lǐng)域。有些人可能認為我運氣好，我想說，卡納迪樓后，我又被安排到了設(shè)計院。

從你們所坐的地方到你們要去的地方是沒有直路的，不要嘗試畫這樣的直線，這不僅會出錯，還會錯失的大的機遇，例如像互聯(lián)網(wǎng)這樣。

職業(yè)不是梯子，那種時代一去不返了，職業(yè)更像是立體方格鐵架，不要只上下移動，不要只往上看，還要往回，往旁邊看，看轉(zhuǎn)角周圍。你的職業(yè)和生活會有始終，會有曲折，不要對未來的道路太過憂慮，因為生活中充滿了驚喜和機遇，你需要對各處可能性持開放態(tài)度。今天我要講的最重要的一點就是，對誠實保持開放的態(tài)度。相互之間說老實話，對自己誠實，也對我們所生活的世界誠實?？纯瓷磉叺暮⒆樱憔椭浪麄冇卸嗾\實，我朋友貝琪懷孕后，她五歲的兒子山姆想知道寶寶在她身體里的什么地方。李問，媽媽，寶寶的胳膊在你的胳膊里嗎？她說，不是，整個寶寶在我的肚子里。他又問，媽媽，寶寶的腿在你的腿里嗎？她回答，不山姆，整個寶寶都在我肚子里。然后，山姆問道，那的屁股里有什么？

作為成年人，我們幾乎一直很誠實，這是很難得的好事。我懷孕的時候，我問我丈夫我的屁股有沒有變大，起初他說沒有，但我不斷施壓，最后，他說，好吧，有一點。我的小姑子一直說我丈夫，也是你們以后在生活中經(jīng)常會聽到有說到的：“這家伙竟然是哈佛出來的?！?/p>

在人一旅途中，如果聽到一些真話會對我們很有幫助，我在你們這個年齡的時候，還沒有俯到這一點。在我畢業(yè)的時候，我對愛情生活的關(guān)心大于事業(yè)，我認識自己沒有什么時間了，必須趕緊找個好男人結(jié)婚，以免所有好男人都被別人搶走，或者我太老了。于是，我搬到哥倫比亞特區(qū)，在我24歲的時候結(jié)婚了。那個男人很不錯，但我倆似乎總相處不好，我變得不知道自己是住，也不知道未

來在哪里。一年不到，我的婚姻以失敗告終，當時我非常難堪，非常痛苦。很多朋友來安慰我，但毫無幫助，他們說：我就知道你們倆結(jié)婚是行不通的，我就知道你們倆不合適。沒有人在婚姻之前跟我說這些，事前告訴我這些肯定是會更有用。

我熬過了離婚后的這些痛苦的時光，我多希望他們原來有給過我建議，我多希望我曾經(jīng)問過他們。而在我的職業(yè)生涯中，確實有人這無保留的地說出了實施。本科后，我和第一任老板是蘭特普得切特，肯尼迪學(xué)院授劉的一位經(jīng)濟學(xué)家，他今天也在現(xiàn)場。我第二次考慮法學(xué)院時，蘭特跟我說，我不認為你應(yīng)該去法學(xué)院，我也不認為你想去法學(xué)院。你認為自己應(yīng)該去，大概只是你父母一直以來的要求。他注意到，我在談話中從未表現(xiàn)出對法律的任何興趣。我知道，相互之間坦誠相見有多么難，哪怕最親密的朋友，哪怕是在他們可能犯嚴重錯誤的時候，不過我敢打賭，在座的各位知道自己親密朋友的強項和弱項，知道他們可能掉落在哪個懸崖。我也敢打賭，大部分時候，你們并沒有告訴他們，他們也從沒問過。

去問這些問題，真相會越問越明。朋友誠實地回答時，你就知道他們是你真正的朋友了。

養(yǎng)成尋求反饋的習(xí)慣非常重要，特別是在離開學(xué)校系統(tǒng)，沒了考試和分數(shù)之后。很多工作中，如果你想知道自己干得怎么樣，你就需要去詢問，而且不要因為聽到不喜歡聽的而覺得受到冒犯。毫

無疑問，聽人批評絕對不會讓人高興，但我們只能在批評中進步。

幾年前，馬無扎克伯格決定要學(xué)中文。為了練習(xí)，他開始嘗試在一些工作會議中，同中文母語同事交流。你們估計可以想到，他有有限的中文水平，會讓談話很難正常進行。一天，他問一位女性，有臉譜工作怎么樣。她用了一個很長很復(fù)雜的句子回答。他說，請簡單些。她又說了一次。請再簡單些！經(jīng)過幾次之后，她只好說了一句很簡單的話~我的經(jīng)理很糟糕！扎克伯格這次真的聽懂了。

通常，真相都成了避免沖突的犧牲品。我們在講真相時，總喜歡使用很多修飾，很多委婉語，淹沒了真正要傳達的信息。我希望你們在向他詢問真相的時候，能用簡單明了的語言相互交流。講到自己的真相時，也應(yīng)該使用簡單明了的語言。

同他人坦誠相見很困難，坦誠對待自己的想法甚至更難。我有了小孩子后，經(jīng)常會和自己說，我對工作不感到內(nèi)疚，哪怕沒有人問的時候。有人跟我說，雪

莉，今天過得如何。我會說，很棒，我對工作并不感到內(nèi)疚。有人說，我需要一件羊毛衫嗎？我說，沒錯，外面很冷，我對荼工不感到內(nèi)疚。我就像一只學(xué)舌的鸚鵡。

有天，我在跑步機上，正在讀社會學(xué)雜志上的論文。上面寫道，相比對他人撒謊，人們更喜歡對自己撒謊，而重復(fù)最多的那句話，通常就是謊言。

我臉上汗如雨下，心想，我重復(fù)最多的一句話是什么，我意識到了，我對工作感到內(nèi)疚。我做了大量的研究，我同好友內(nèi)爾斯克維爾花了一整年的時間，寫了一本書，講我的想法和感受。世界上很多女性都同它產(chǎn)生了共鳴，這讓我很欣慰。我的書名叫做《格雷的五十道陰影》，可見，你們很多人也都讀過這本書。

對于我們所生活的世界保持誠實，我們還有很多要做。我們并不總能看到真相，就算盾到了，我們經(jīng)常也沒有大聲說出的勇氣。

我和同學(xué)們在讀大學(xué)時，認為性格平等的斗爭已經(jīng)結(jié)束。沒錯，大部分待業(yè)的領(lǐng)袖都是男性，但改變應(yīng)該只是時間的問題。那邊的拉蒙特圖書館，就在我們之前一代人的時間，不允許女性進入，但在我們畢業(yè)時，一切都平等了。哈佛和拉德克里夫完全統(tǒng)一了。

我們不需要婦權(quán)主義，因為我們已經(jīng)得到了平等。我們錯了，我錯了，世界在那時并不平等，現(xiàn)在也不平等。我認為現(xiàn)如今，我們并不只是假裝沒看到真相，并對不平等視而不見，我們還在遭受低預(yù)期的踐踏。

在美國的上一個選舉周期，女性贏得了20%的參議院席位。所有報紙頭條都開始叫嚷，女性接管了參議院。我很想大聲回應(yīng)說，等等，大伙，50%的人只占有了20%的席位，這不是接管，這是羞辱。

今年，就在幾個月前，硅谷一位很受人新生的知名商業(yè)經(jīng)理人，邀請我到他的社交媒體俱樂部發(fā)表演講。幾個月之前，我去過這家俱樂部。一位朋友過生日邀我去的。建筑很漂亮，我在里面游蕩。欣賞她，找衛(wèi)生間。結(jié)果一位員工很肯定的告訴我，女衛(wèi)生間在那里，讓我務(wù)必不要上樓去，因為女性不允許進入這座建筑，我直到這時才意識到自己來到了一家全男性俱樂部。

剩下的整個晚上，我一直都納悶，自己來這里做什么，納悶其他人都在做什么，納悶舊金山會不會有朋友邀請我去一個不允許黑人、猶太人、亞洲人、或同

性戀者的俱樂部派對。被邀請到這家俱樂部做商業(yè)演講，就更讓人不爽了，因為這根本就不是單純的社交活動場所。

我首先想到的是，這是真的嗎？真的?！断蚯耙徊健烦霭婧笠荒?，這個家伙竟然認為邀請我到一家全男懷俱樂部做演講是一個好主意。他不是一個，很多備受尊敬的商務(wù)人士，都和他一起發(fā)出這份邀請。

轉(zhuǎn)述格魯馬克思的一句話，別擔(dān)心，我不打算模仿他的聲音。我不會去任何不愿加我為會員的俱樂部做演講。我拒絕了。我還做一件，也許5年前我不會做的事，我回了一長篇飽含激情的電子郵件，告訴他們應(yīng)當改變這一做法。他們感謝了我的迅速回函，寫到？也許情況最終會有所改變。我們的期望值太代了，最終需要轉(zhuǎn)化為立刻才行。

我們需要看到真相，講出真相。我們?nèi)萑唐缫?，假裝機會是平等的。沒錯，我們選舉了一位非裔美國人總統(tǒng)。但各族主義仍然無處不在，不錯，確實有女性掌握著財富500強企業(yè)，準確的說是5%。但我們的道路上，充滿了母老虎、跋扈老女人這樣的惡語。而我們的男性同行卻被尊為俯視，被認為成就卓著。

非裔美國女性總需要證明自己沒有生氣，拉丁裔總被打上暴躁急性子的標簽。臉譜有一群亞裔男女，胸口帶著牌子說，我有可能不夠好。

沒錯，哈佛有一位女性校長，也許兩年后，美國也會迎來首位女總統(tǒng)。但要實現(xiàn)目標，希拉里克林頓需要克服兩 大重要障礙，一是未知，通常也未疲理解的性別偏見；二是，更糟的，從耶魯獲得的文憑而不是哈佛。

你們可以挑戰(zhàn)老一套的做法，在臉譜我們會貼海報激勵自己，完成重于完美，財富偏愛勇敢者，不要害怕，勇往直前。我最近又喜歡上一條，在臉譜沒有別人的問題。我希望你們也能這樣看問題，問題沒有別人 的問題。性別不平等對男性和女性都 沒有好處，各族主義對白人和少數(shù)族裔都是傷害，缺乏平等機會，讓我們所有人無法發(fā)揮自己的真正潛能。

在你們畢業(yè)的今天，我希望給你們一些壓力，讓你認識到，真相雖然有時難以接受，但很重要。不要逃避，碰到了就要勇于面對。感謝凱蒂，感謝福斯特校長、哈佛大學(xué)理事會成員、監(jiān)事會成員，還有迎接我回校的所有教職員工、校友及同學(xué)們。

站在這里我非常激動，不僅是因為我能在哈佛大學(xué)第363屆畢業(yè)典禮上面對各位優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)生及校友講話，更是因為能站在去年奧普拉曾站過的地方。我的天啊。let me begin with the first order of business: let‘s have a big round of applause for the class of 2014.they‘ve earned it.下面讓我從最重要的環(huán)節(jié)開始：讓我們把最熱烈的掌聲送給2014屆畢業(yè)生們，這是他們贏得的。

as excited as the graduates are, they are probably even more exhausted after the past few weeks.and parents, i‘m not referring to their final exams.i‘m talking about the senior olympics, the last chance dance, and the booze cruise – i mean, the moonlight cruise.畢業(yè)生們都一樣的興奮，但同時這幾周或許也讓他們有些精疲力竭吧。各位家長，我指的可不是期末考試哦，我說的是高年級運動會、最后一次交際舞會和游輪酒宴——我指的是午夜巡游會。

anyway，this year has been exciting on campus：harvard beat yale for the seventh straight time in football.the men‘s basketball team went to the second round of the ncaa tournament for the second straight year.and the men‘s squash team won national championship.不管怎樣，今年的校園很令人振奮：哈佛橄欖球隊連續(xù)第七次擊敗耶魯，男子籃球隊連續(xù)兩年打入全國大學(xué)體育協(xié)會冠軍賽的第二輪，還有男子壁球隊則獲得了全國冠軍。

who‘d a thunk it: harvard, an athletic powerhouse!pretty soon they‘re going to be asking whether you have academics to go along with your athletic programs.誰會想到：哈佛，竟然有如此強大的運動天團！不久后，可能就會有人問，你們的學(xué)術(shù)水平是否能和體育水平相媲美？

my personal connection to harvard began in 1964, when i graduated from johns hopkins university in baltimore and matriculated here at the b-school.我個人與哈佛的關(guān)系緣起于1964年，當時我從巴爾地摩的約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)畢業(yè)并到這里的商學(xué)院就讀。you‘re probably asking yourself or maybe whispering to the person next to you: how did he ever get into harvard business school, particularly since his stellar academic record, where he always made the top half of the class possible? i have no idea.the only people more surprised than me were my professors.你們或許在想，或者和身旁的人竊竊私語：他是如何進入哈佛商學(xué)院的呢？尤其是他的學(xué)術(shù)成績總能排在全班前列？我不知道，比我自己更驚訝的可能只有我的教授了。

anyway, here i am again back in cambridge.and i have noticed that a few things have changed since i was a student here.elsie‘s – a sandwich spot i used to love near the square – is now a burrito shop.the wursthaus – which had great beer and sausage – is now an artisanal gastro-pub, whatever that is.and the old holyoke center is now named the smith campus center.總之，今天我又回到了劍橋[注：劍橋為哈佛大學(xué)所在地]。我注意到，這里跟我學(xué)生時代有了一些變化。廣場附近我曾經(jīng)很喜歡的三文治售賣點愛爾詩，現(xiàn)在成了卷餅店。曾經(jīng)提供美味啤酒和香腸的烏斯特豪斯，現(xiàn)在成了工藝美食酒吧，不知道這是啥。還有原來的霍利約克中心

現(xiàn)在改名為史密斯校園中心。don‘t you just hate it when alumni put their names all over everything? i was thinking about that this morning as i walked into the bloomberg center on the harvard business school campus across the river.but the good news is, harvard remains what it was when i first arrived on campus 50 years ago: america‘s most prestigious university.and, like other great universities, it lies at the heart of the american experiment in democracy.不過也有好消息，就是哈佛仍然秉承著50年前我剛?cè)胄r的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)，依舊是美國最負盛名的大學(xué)。和其他頂尖的大學(xué)一樣，她處在美國民主實驗的核心位置。

這些頂尖大學(xué)的目的不僅是增長知識，還包括推進我們民族的理想。頂尖大學(xué)是讓各種背景、各種信仰、探尋各種問題的人，能到此自由開放地學(xué)習(xí)和探討想法的地方。

today, i‘d like to talk with you about how important it is for that freedom to exist for everyone, no matter how strongly we may disagree with another‘s viewpoint.今天我想跟大家聊聊，這種自由的存在對于每個人來說是多么的重要，無論我們多么不認同別人的觀點。

tolerance for other people‘s ideas, and the freedom to express your own, are inseparable values at great universities.joined together, they form a sacred trust that holds the basis of our democratic society.包容他人觀點，以及表達自身言論的自由，是頂尖大學(xué)不可分割的價值。兩者結(jié)合在一起，構(gòu)成了支撐民主社會根基的一種神圣的信賴。

but let me tell you that trust is perpetually vulnerable to the tyrannical tendencies of monarchs, mobs, and majorities.and lately, we have seen those tendencies manifest themselves too often, both on college campuses and in our society.不過我要告訴大家，這種信賴在君主、暴民、多數(shù)派的專制傾向下是很脆弱的。最近，大家頻繁地看到這些傾向真實發(fā)生的事例，不管是在大學(xué)校園或社會。

that‘s the bad news – and unfortunately, i think both harvard, and my own city of new york, have been witnesses to this trend.這是個壞消息，而且很不幸的是，我認為哈佛以及我自己所在的城市紐約，也都目睹過這種傾向。

first, for new york city.several years ago, as you may remember, some people tried to stop the development of a mosque a few blocks from the world trade center site.首先，來談?wù)劶~約市。你們可能記得，幾年前有些人試圖阻止在世貿(mào)中心舊址幾個街區(qū)遠的地方建一座清真寺的計劃。

it was an emotional issue, and polls showed that two-thirds of americans were against a mosque being built there.even the anti-defamation league – widely regarded as the country‘s most ardent defender of religious freedom – declared its opposition to the project.這是個情感的議題，民意調(diào)查顯示超過2/3的美國人反對在該地修建清真寺。即便是反誹謗聯(lián)盟——這個被公認為全國宗教自由最狂熱的捍衛(wèi)者，也公然反對該項計劃。the opponents held rallies and demonstrations.they denounced the developers，and they demanded that city government stop its construction.that was their right and we protected their right to protest.but they could not have been more wrong.and we refused to cave in to their demands.反對者發(fā)動集會和示威活動。他們譴責(zé)開發(fā)商，要求市政府終止這項工程。那是他們的權(quán)利，我們保障他們抗議的權(quán)利。但他們的觀點絕對是錯誤的，我們拒絕向他們的要求妥協(xié)。the idea that government would single out a particular religion, and block its believers – and only its believers – from building a house of worship in a particular area is diametrically opposed to the moral principles that gave rise to our great nation and the constitutional protections that have sustained it.要求政府單獨選出一個特定的宗教、阻止并且只阻止其信徒在特定區(qū)域建立其宗教活動場所的想法，這完全悖離偉大民族的道德原則，是憲法保護所不允許的。

our union of 50 states rests on the union of two values: freedom and tolerance.and it is that union of values that the terrorists who attacked us on september 11th, 2001 and on april 15th, 2013 found most threatening.我們這50州聯(lián)邦的建立取決兩大價值的結(jié)合：自由和包容。正是這兩大價值的結(jié)合，讓2001年9月11日和2013年4月15日襲擊我們的恐怖分子備感威脅。to them, we were a god-less country.在他們看來，我們是一個無神的國度。

but in fact, there is no country that protects the core of every faith and philosophy known to human kind – free will – more than the united states of america.that protection, however, rests upon our constant vigilance.但事實上，沒有任何一個國家，比美國更能保護人類各種信仰和哲學(xué)認識的核心——自由意志。不過，這種保護需要依賴于我們時刻的警覺。

we like to think that the principle of separation of church and state is settled.it is not.and it never will be.it is up to us to guard it fiercely and to ensure that equality under the law means equality under the law for everyone.我們會這么認為：政教分離的原則已經(jīng)確立。實際上并沒有，而且永遠不會。我們需要堅決地擁護它，以確保法律條文下規(guī)定的人人平等，對每個人都是平等的。

if you want the freedom to worship as you wish, to speak as you wish, and to marry whom you wish, you must tolerate my freedom to do so or not do so as well.如果你希望你的信仰、言論和選擇配偶的自由，如你所愿，你就必須包容我這樣做或不這樣做的自由。

第二篇：奧普拉哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講下載（范文模版）

奧普拉哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講：人生唯一目標就是做真實的自己 oh my goodness!im at haaaaaarvard!thats how oprah winfrey began her speech at harvard university graduation ceremony—in her spirited, signature way.winfrey also received an honorary doctor of law degree from the university before taking to the podium.溫弗瑞演講中4條最勵志的語錄

談失敗的好處 there is no such thing as failure.failure is just life trying to move us in another direction.世間并不存在“失敗”，那不過是生活想讓我們換個方向走走罷了。learn from every mistake, because every experience, particularly your mistakes, are there to teach you and force you into being more who you are.要從錯誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，因為你的每一次經(jīng)歷、尤其是你犯下的錯誤，都將幫助你、推動你更好地做自己。

2.on her own biggest personal failure.談自身最大的失敗

我突然想到某首古老贊美詩中的一句話：“困難只是暫時的”，我遇到的麻煩同樣會有結(jié)束的一天。然后我想，我會將這一頁翻過去，我會好起來的。

談職業(yè)生涯所做訪談的共同性 beyonce in all her beyonce-ness...they all want to know: was that okay? did you hear me? did you see me? did what i said mean anything to you? 我發(fā)現(xiàn)，我所有的訪談有一個共同性，那就是人人都希望自己被認可、被理解。they all want to know: was that okay? did you hear me? did you see me? did what i said mean anything to you? 我的采訪對象都想知道：“我的表現(xiàn)ok嗎？你聽到我看到我嗎？我說的話對你有價值嗎？”

4.on the key to success and happiness.談成功和快樂的關(guān)鍵 you will find true success and happiness if you have only one goal.there really is only one, and that is this: to fulfill the highest, most truthful expression of yourself as a human being.如果你只認準一個目標，那你就能獲得真正的成功和快樂。人生確實只有一個目標，那就是：最大程度地、最真實地展現(xiàn)自己。

“不要問自己世界需要什么，問問是什么讓你精神抖擻地活著，然后就去做，因為世界所需要的就是一個個朝氣蓬勃的人?！逼簥W普拉哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講

奧普拉哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講：人生唯一目標就是做真實的自己 oprah winfrey: oh my goodness!im at harvard!wow!to president faust, my fellow honorands, carl that was so beautiful, thank you so much, and james rothenberg, stephanie wilson, harvard faculty with a special bow to my friend dr.henry lewis gates.oprah winfrey: all of you alumni with a special bow to the class of 88, your hundred fifteen million dollars.oprah winfrey: and to you, members of the harvard class of 2013!hello!oprah winfrey: and we understand that most americans believe in a clear path to citizenship for the 12,000,000 undocumented immigrants who reside in this country because its possible to both enforce our篇三：奧普拉2013年哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)演講(英文版)oh my goodness!im at harvard!wow!to president faust, my fellow honorands, carl that was so beautiful, thank you so much, and james rothenberg, stephanie wilson, harvard faculty with a special bow to my friend dr.henry lewis gates.all of you alumni with a special bow to the class of 88, your hundred fifteen million dollars.and to you, members of the harvard class of 2013!hello!decided as you will at some point, that it was time to recalculate, find new territory, break new ground.so i ended the show and launched own, the oprah winfrey network.the initials just worked out for me.so one year later after launching own nearly every media outlet had proclaimed that my new venture was a flop.not just a flop but a big bold flop they call it.i can still remember the day i opened up usa today and read the headline oprah, not quite standing on her own.i mean really, usa today? now thats the nice newspaper!it really was this time last year the worst period in my professional life.i was stressed and i was frustrated and quite frankly i was actually i was embarrassed.and it was all because i wanted to do it by the time i got to speak to you all so thank you so much.you dont know what motivation you were for me, thank you.im even where is he or she? bring them in.its an impressive calling card that can lead to even and so what i did was i simply asked our viewers do what you can wherever you are, from wherever you sit in life.give me your time or your talent your money if you have it.and they did.extend yourself in kindness to other human beings wherever you can.and together we built 55 schools in 12 different countries and restored nearly 300 homes that were devastated by hurricanes rita and katrina.so the angel network i have been on the air for a long time, but it was the angel network that actually focused my internal g.p.s.it helped me to decide that i wasnt going to just be on tv every day but that the goal of my shows, added this, you simply cannot demonize or vilify someone who doesnt agree with you, because the minute you do that, your discussion is over.and we cannot do that any longer.the problem is too enormous.there has to be some way that this darkness can be banished with light.in our political system and in the media we often see the reflection of a country that is polarized, that is paralyzed and is self-interested.and yet, i know you know the truth.we all know that we are better than the cynicism and the pessimism that is regurgitated throughout washington and the 24-hour cable news cycle.not my channel, by the way.we understand that the vast majority of people in this and we understand.i know you do because you went to harvard.there are people from both parties and no party believe that indigent mothers and families should have access to healthy food and a roof over their heads and a strong public education because here in the richest nation on earth we can afford a basic level of security and opportunity.so the question is what are we going to do about it? really what are you going to do about it? maybe you agree with these beliefs.maybe you dont.maybe you care about these issues and maybe there are other challenges that you, class of 2013, are passionate about.maybe you want to make a difference by serving in government.maybe you want to launch your own television show.or maybe you simply want to collect some change.your parents would appreciate that about now.the point is your generation is charged with this task of breaking through what the body politic has thus far made impervious to change.each of you has been blessed with this enormous opportunity of attending this prestigious school.you now have a chance to better your life, the lives of your neighbors and also the life of our country.when you do that let me tell you what i know for sure.thats when your story gets really good.maya angelou always says when you learn, teach.when you get, give.that my friends is what gives your story purpose and meaning.so you all have the power in your own way to develop your own angel network and in doing so your class will be armed with more tools of influence and empowerment than any other generation in history.i did it in an analog world.i was blessed with a platform that at its height reached nearly 20,000,000 viewers a day.now here in a world of twitter and facebook and youtube and tumbler, you can reach billions in just seconds.youre the generation that rejected predictions about your detachment and your disengagement by showing up to vote in record numbers in 2008.and when the pundits said they said they talked about you, they said youd be too disappointed, youd be too dejected to repeat that same kind of turnout in 2012 election and you proved them wrong by showing up in even greater numbers.thats who you are.this generation your generation i know has developed a finely honed radar for b.s.can you say b.s.at harvard? the spin and phoniness and artificial nastiness that saturates so much of our national debate.i know you all understand better than most that real progress requires authentic-an authentic way of being, honesty, and above all that youll have the courage to look them in the eye and hear their point of view and help make sure that the speed and distance and anonymity of our world doesnt cause us to lose our ability to stand in somebody elses shoes and recognize all that we share as a people.this is imperative for you as an individual and for our success as a nation.there has to be some way that this darkness can be banished with light, says the man whose little boy was massacred on just an ordinary friday in december.so whether you call it soul or spirit or higher self, intelligence, there is i know this, there is a light inside each of you all of us that illuminates your very human beingness if you let it.and as a young girl from rural mississippi i learned long ago that being myself was much easier than pretending to be barbara walters.although when i first started because i had barbara in my head i would try to sit like barbara, talk like barbara, move like barbara and then one night i was on the news reading the news and i called canada can-a-da, and that was the end of me being barbara.i cracked myself up on tv.couldnt stop laughing and my real personality came through and i figured out oh gee, i can be a much better oprah than i could be a pretend barbara.奧普拉哈佛大學(xué)2013年畢業(yè)典禮演講

當?shù)貢r間5月31日，脫口秀女王奧普拉·溫弗瑞（oprah winfrey）在哈佛的畢業(yè)典禮上為畢業(yè)生們獻上了一場精彩勵志演講。there is no such thing as failure.failure is just life trying to move us in another direction.oh my goodness!im at haaaaaarvard!thats how oprah winfrey began her speech at harvard university graduation ceremony—in her spirited, signature way.winfrey also received an honorary doctor of law degree from the university before taking to the podium。“omg，我竟然在哈??佛！”奧普拉·溫弗瑞以這樣富有 four most inspiring quotes from winfreys speech溫弗瑞演講中4條最勵志的語錄 there is no such thing as failure.failure is just life trying to move us in another direction。世間并不存在“失敗”，那不過是生活想讓我們換條道走走罷了。learn from every mistake, because every experience, particularly your mistakes, are there to teach you and force you into being more who you are。要從錯誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，因為你的每一次經(jīng)歷、尤其是你犯下的錯誤，都將幫助你、推動你更好地做自己。2.on her own biggest personal failure。談自身最大的失敗 then the words came to me, trouble dont last always, from an old hymn.this too shall pass.and i thought, i am going to turn this thing around and i will be better for it。我突然想到某首古老贊美詩中的一句話：“困難只是暫時的”，我遇到的麻煩同樣會有結(jié)束的一天。然后我想，我會將這一頁翻過去，我會好起來的。they all want to know: was that okay? did you hear me? did you see me? did what i said mean anything to you?我的采訪對象都想知道：“我的表現(xiàn)ok嗎？你聽到我看到我嗎？我說的話對你有價值嗎？” 4.on the key to success and happiness。談成功和快樂的關(guān)鍵 you will find true success and happiness if you have only one goal.there really is only one, and that is this: to fulfill the highest, most truthful expression of yourself as a human being.you want to max out your humanity by using your energy to lift yourself up, your family, and the people you will find true success and happiness if you have only one goal.there really is only one, and that is this: to fulfill the highest, most truthful expression of yourself as a human being。如果你只認準一個目標，那你就能獲得真正的成功和快樂。人生確實只有一個目標，那就是：最大程度地、最真實地展現(xiàn)自己。j·k·羅琳在哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上的演講(雙語)她的演講題目是《失敗的好處和想象的重要性》（the fringe benefits of failure, and the importance of imagination）。president faust, members of the harvard corporation and the board of overseers, members of the faculty, proud parents, and, above all, graduates, 福斯特主席，哈佛公司和監(jiān)察委員會的各位成員，各位老師、家長、全體畢業(yè)生們：

首先請允許我說一聲謝謝。哈佛不僅給了我無上的榮譽，連日來為這個演講經(jīng)受的恐懼和緊張，更令我減肥成功。這真是一個雙贏的局面。現(xiàn)在我要做的就是深呼吸幾下，瞇著眼睛看看前面的大紅橫幅，安慰自己正在世界上最大的格蘭芬多（滬江小編：以防有人沒看過《哈利波特》??格蘭芬多是小哈利所在的魔法學(xué)院的名字）聚會上。發(fā)表畢業(yè)演說是一個巨大的責(zé)任，至少在我回憶自己當年的畢業(yè)典禮前是這么認為的。那天做演講的是英國著名的哲學(xué)家 baroness mary warnock，對她演講的回憶，對我寫今天的演講稿，產(chǎn)生了極大的幫助，因為我不記得她說過的任何一句話了。這個發(fā)現(xiàn)讓我釋然，讓我不再擔(dān)心我可能會無意中影響你放棄在商業(yè)，法律或政治上的大好前途，轉(zhuǎn)而醉心于成為一個快樂的魔法師（gay有快樂和同性戀的意思）。actually, i have wracked my mind and heart for what i ought to say to you today.i have asked myself what i wish i had known at my own graduation, and what important lessons i have learned in the 21 years that has expired between that day and this.實際上，我為今天應(yīng)該和大家談些什么絞盡了腦汁。我問自己什么是我希望早在畢業(yè)典禮上就該了解的，而從那時起到現(xiàn)在的 21年間，我又得到了什么重要的啟示。

我想到了兩個答案。在這美好的一天，當我們一起慶祝你們?nèi)〉脤W(xué)業(yè)成就的時刻，我希望告訴你們失敗有什么樣的益處；在你們即將邁向―現(xiàn)實生活‖的道路之際，我還要褒揚想象力的重要性。these may seem quixotic or paradoxical choices, but bear with me.這些似乎是不切實際或自相矛盾的選擇，但請先容我講完。

回顧21歲剛剛畢業(yè)時的自己，對于今天42歲的我來說，是一個稍微不太舒服的經(jīng)歷?？梢哉f，我人生的前一部分，一直掙扎在自己的雄心和身邊的人對我的期望之間。i was convinced that the only thing i wanted to do, ever, was to write novels.however, my parents, both of whom came from impoverished backgrounds and neither of whom had been to college, took the view that my overactive imagination was an amusing personal quirk that could never pay a mortgage, or secure a pension.我一直深信，自己唯一想做的事情，就是寫小說。不過，我的父母，他們都來自貧窮的背景，沒有任何一人上過大學(xué)，堅持認為我過度的想象力是一個令人驚訝的個人怪癖，根本不足以讓我支付按揭，或者取得足夠的養(yǎng)老金。i know the irony strikes like with the force of a cartoon anvil now, but?

我現(xiàn)在明白反諷就像用卡通鐵砧去打擊你，但...they had hoped that i would take a vocational degree;i wanted to study english literature.他們希望我去拿個職業(yè)學(xué)位，而我想去攻讀英國文學(xué)。最后，達成了一個雙方都不甚滿意的妥協(xié)：我改學(xué)現(xiàn)代語言?？墒堑鹊礁改敢蛔唛_，我立刻放棄了德語而報名學(xué)習(xí)古典文學(xué)。i cannot remember telling my parents that i was studying classics;they might well have found out for the first time on graduation day.of all the subjects on this planet, i think they would have been hard put to name one less useful than greek mythology when it came to securing the keys to an executive bathroom.我不記得將這事告訴了父母，他們可能是在我畢業(yè)典禮那一天才發(fā)現(xiàn)的。我想，在全世界的所有專業(yè)中，他們也許認為，不會有比研究希臘神話更沒用的專業(yè)了，根本無法換來一間獨立寬敞的衛(wèi)生間。i would like to make it clear, in parenthesis, that i do not blame my parents for their point of view.there is an expiry date on blaming your parents for steering you in the wrong direction;the moment you are old enough to take the wheel, responsibility lies with you.what is more, i cannot criticise my parents for hoping that i would never experience poverty.they had been poor themselves, and i have since been poor, and i quite agree with them that it is not an ennobling experience.poverty entails fear, and stress, and sometimes depression;it means a thousand petty humiliations and hardships.climbing out of poverty by your own efforts, that is indeed something on which to pride yourself, but poverty itself is romanticised only by fools.我想澄清一下：我不會因為父母的觀點，而責(zé)怪他們。埋怨父母給你指錯方向是有一個時間段的。當你成長到可以控制自我方向的時候，你就要自己承擔(dān)責(zé)任了。尤其是，我不會因為父母希望我不要過窮日子，而責(zé)怪他們。他們一直很貧窮，我后來也一度很窮，所以我很理解他們。貧窮并不是一種高貴的經(jīng)歷，它帶來恐懼、壓力、有時還有絕望，它意味著許許多多的羞辱和艱辛?？孔约旱呐[脫貧窮，確實可以引以自豪，但貧窮本身只有對傻瓜而言才是浪漫的。what i feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure.我在你們這個年齡，最害怕的不是貧窮，而是失敗。at your age, in spite of a distinct lack of motivation at university, where i had spent far too long in the coffee bar writing stories, and far too little time at lectures, i had a knack for passing examinations, and that, for years, had been the measure of success in my life and that of my peers.我在您們這么大時，明顯缺乏在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的動力，我花了太久時間在咖啡吧寫故事，而在課堂的時間卻很少。我有一個通過考試的訣竅，并且數(shù)年間一直讓我在大學(xué)生活和同齡人中不落人后。i am not dull enough to suppose that because you are young, gifted and well-educated, you have never known hardship or heartache.talent and intelligence never yet inoculated anyone against the caprice of the fates, and i do not for a moment suppose that everyone here has enjoyed an existence of unruffled privilege and contentment.我不想愚蠢地假設(shè)，因為你們年輕、有天份，并且受過良好的教育，就從來沒有遇到困難或心碎的時刻。擁有才華和智慧，從來不會使人對命運的反復(fù)無常有所準備；我也不會假設(shè)大家坐在這里冷靜地滿足于自身的優(yōu)越感。however, the fact that you are graduating from harvard suggests that you are not very well-acquainted with failure.you might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as a desire for success.indeed, your conception of failure might not be too far from the average persons idea of success, so high have you already flown academically.相反，你們是哈佛畢業(yè)生的這個事實，意味著你們并不很了解失敗。你們也許極其渴望成功，所以非常害怕失敗。說實話，你們眼中的失敗，很可能就是普通人眼中的成功，畢竟你們在學(xué)業(yè)上已經(jīng)達到很高的高度了。

最終，我們所有人都必須自己決定什么算作失敗，但如果你愿意，世界是相當渴望給你一套標準的。所以我想很公平的講，從任何傳統(tǒng)的標準看，在我畢業(yè)僅僅七年后的日子里，我的失敗達到了史詩般空前的規(guī)模：短命的婚姻閃電般地破裂，我又失業(yè)成了一個艱難的單身母親。除了流浪漢，我是當代英國最窮的人之一，真的一無所有。當年父母和我自己對未來的擔(dān)憂，現(xiàn)在都變成了現(xiàn)實。按照慣常的標準來看，我也是我所知道的最失敗的人。now, i am not going to stand here and tell you that failure is fun.that period of my life was a dark one, and i had no idea that there was going to be what the press has since represented as a kind of fairy tale resolution.i had no idea how far the tunnel extended, and for a long time, any light at the end of it was a hope rather than a reality.現(xiàn)在，我不打算站在這里告訴你們，失敗是有趣的。那段日子是我生命中的黑暗歲月，我不知道它是否代表童話故事里需要歷經(jīng)的磨難，更不知道自己還要在黑暗中走多久。很長一段時間里，前面留給我的只是希望，而不是現(xiàn)實。so why do i talk about the benefits of failure? simply because failure meant a stripping away of the inessential.i stopped pretending to myself that i was anything other than what i was, and began to direct all my energy into finishing the only work that mattered to me.had i really succeeded at anything else, i might never have found the determination to succeed in the one arena i believed i truly belonged.i was set free, because my greatest fear had been realised, and i was still alive, and i still had a daughter whom i adored, and i had an old typewriter and a big idea.and so rock bottom became the solid foundation on which i rebuilt my life.那么為什么我要談?wù)撌〉暮锰幠?？因為失敗意味著剝離掉那些不必要的東西。我因此不再偽裝自己、遠離自我，而重新開始把所有精力放在對我最重要的事情上。如果不是沒有在其他領(lǐng)域成功過，我可能就不會找到，在一個我確信真正屬于的舞臺上取得成功的決心。我獲得了自由，因為最害怕的雖然已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，但我還活著，我仍然有一個我深愛的女兒，我還有一個舊打字機和一個很大的想法。所以困境的谷底，成為我重建生活的堅實基礎(chǔ)。you might never fail on the scale i did, but some failure in life is inevitable.it is impossible to live without failing at something, unless you live so cautiously that you might as well not have lived at all – in which case, you fail by default.你們可能永遠沒有達到我經(jīng)歷的那種失敗程度，但有些失敗，在生活中是不可避免的。生活不可能沒有一點失敗，除非你生活的萬般小心，而那也意味著你沒有真正在生活了。無論怎樣，有些失敗還是注定地要發(fā)生。failure gave me an inner security that i had never attained by passing examinations.failure taught me things about myself that i could have learned no other way.i discovered that i had a strong will, and more discipline than i had suspected;i also found out that i had friends whose value was truly above the price of rubies.失敗使我的內(nèi)心產(chǎn)生一種安全感，這是我從考試中沒有得到過的。失敗讓我看清自己，這也是我通過其他方式無法體會的。我發(fā)現(xiàn)，我比自己認為的，要有更強的意志和決心。我還發(fā)現(xiàn)，我擁有比寶石更加珍貴的朋友。the knowledge that you have emerged wiser and stronger from setbacks means that you are, ever after, secure in your ability to survive.you will never truly know yourself, or the strength of your relationships, until both have been tested by adversity.such knowledge is a true gift, for all that it is painfully won, and it has been worth more to me than any qualification i ever earned.從挫折中獲得智慧、變得堅強，意味著你比以往任何時候都更有能力生存。只有在逆境來臨的時候，你才會真正認識你自己，了解身邊的人。這種了解是真正的財富，雖然是用痛苦換來的，但比我以前得到的任何資格證書都有用。

如果給我一部時間機器，我會告訴21歲的自己，人的幸福在于知道生活不是一份漂亮的成績單，你的資歷、簡歷，都不是你的生活，雖然你會碰到很多與我同齡或更老一點的人今天依然還在混淆兩者。

第三篇：JK哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講

the fringe benefits of failure, and the importance of imagination j.k.rowling tercentenary theatre, june 5, 2008 失敗的好處和想象力的重要性

哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮 2008年6月5日

president faust, members of the harvard corporation and the board of overseers, members of the faculty, proud parents, and, above all, graduates, 福斯特主席，哈佛公司和監(jiān)察委員會的各位成員，各位老師、家長、全體畢業(yè)生們：

首先請允許我說一聲謝謝。哈佛不僅給了我無上的榮譽，連日來為這個演講經(jīng)受的恐懼和緊張，更令我減肥成功。這真是一個雙贏的局面?，F(xiàn)在我要做的就是深呼吸幾下，瞇著眼睛看看前面的大紅橫幅，安慰自己正在世界上最大的魔法學(xué)院聚會上。

發(fā)表畢業(yè)演說是一個巨大的責(zé)任，至少在我回憶自己當年的畢業(yè)典禮前是這么認為的。那天做演講的是英國著名的哲學(xué)家baroness mary warnock，對她演講的回憶，對我寫今天的演

講稿，產(chǎn)生了極大的幫助，因為我不記得她說過的任何一句話了。這個發(fā)現(xiàn)讓我釋然，讓我不再擔(dān)心我可能會無意中影響你放棄在商業(yè)，法律或政治上的大好前途，轉(zhuǎn)而醉心于成為一個快樂的魔法師。

你們看，如果在若干年后你們還記得―快樂的魔法師‖這個笑話，那就證明我已經(jīng)超越了baroness mary warnock。建立可實現(xiàn)的目標——這是提高自我的第一步。

actually, i have wracked my mind and heart for what i ought to say to you today.i have asked myself what i wish i had known at my own graduation, and what important lessons i have learned in the 21 years that has expired between that day and this.實際上，我為今天應(yīng)該和大家談些什么絞盡了腦汁。我問自己什么是我希望早在畢業(yè)典禮上就該了解的，而從那時起到現(xiàn)在的21年間，我又得到了什么重要的啟示。

我想到了兩個答案。在這美好的一天，當我們一起慶祝你們?nèi)〉脤W(xué)業(yè)成就的時刻，我希望告訴你們失敗有什么樣的益處；在你們即將邁向―現(xiàn)實生活‖的道路之際，我還要褒揚想象力的重要性。

these may seem quixotic or paradoxical choices, but bear with me.這些似乎是不切實際或自相矛盾的選擇，但請先容我講完。

回顧21歲剛剛畢業(yè)時的自己，對于今天42歲的我來說，是一個稍微不太舒服的經(jīng)歷?？梢哉f，我人生的前一部分，一直掙扎在自己的雄心和身邊的人對我的期望之間。i was convinced that the only thing i wanted to do, ever, was to write novels.however, my parents, both of whom came from impoverished backgrounds and neither of whom had been to college, took the view that my overactive imagination was an amusing personal quirk that could never pay a mortgage, or secure a pension.我一直深信，自己唯一想做的事情，就是寫小說。不過，我的父母，他們都來自貧窮(赤貧)的背景，沒有任何一人上過大學(xué)，堅持認為我過度的想象力是一個令人驚訝的個人怪癖，根本不足以讓我支付按揭，或者取得足夠的養(yǎng)老金。

i know the irony strikes like with the force of a cartoon anvil now, but? languages.hardly had my parents car rounded the corner at the end of the road than i ditched german and scuttled off down the classics corridor.他們希望我去拿個職業(yè)學(xué)位，而我想去攻讀英國文學(xué)。最后，達成了一個雙方都不甚滿意的妥協(xié)：我改學(xué)現(xiàn)代語言?？墒堑鹊礁改敢蛔唛_，我立刻放棄了德語而報名學(xué)習(xí)古典文學(xué)。i cannot remember telling my parents that i was studying classics;they might well have found out for the first time on graduation day.of all the subjects on this planet, i think they would have been hard put to name one less useful than greek mythology when it came to securing the keys to an executive bathroom.我不記得將這事告訴了父母，他們可能是在我畢業(yè)典禮那一天才發(fā)現(xiàn)的。我想，在全世界的所有專業(yè)中，他們也許認為，不會有比研究希臘神話更沒用的專業(yè)了，根本無法換來一間獨立寬敞的衛(wèi)生間。i would like to make it clear, in parenthesis, that i do not blame my parents for their point of view.there is an expiry date on blaming your parents for steering you in the wrong direction;the moment you are old enough to take the wheel, responsibility lies with you.what is more, i cannot criticise my parents for hoping that i would never experience poverty.they had been poor themselves, and i have since been poor, and i quite agree with them that it is not an ennobling experience.poverty entails fear, and stress, and sometimes depression;it means a thousand petty humiliations and hardships.climbing out of poverty by your own efforts, that is indeed something on which to pride yourself, but poverty itself is romanticised only by fools.我想澄清一下：我不會因為父母的觀點，而責(zé)怪他們。埋怨父母給你指錯方向是有一個時間段的。當你成長到可以控制自我方向的時候，你就要自己承擔(dān)責(zé)任了。尤其是，我不會因為父母希望我不要過窮日子，而責(zé)怪他們。他們一直很貧窮，我后來也一度很窮，所以我很理解他們。貧窮并不是一種高貴的經(jīng)歷，它帶來恐懼、壓力、有時還有絕望，它意味著許許多多的羞辱和艱辛?？孔约旱呐[脫貧窮，確實可以引以自豪，但貧窮本身只有對傻瓜而言才是浪漫的。

what i feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure.我在你們這個年齡，最害怕的不是貧窮，而是失敗。

at your age, in spite of a distinct lack of motivation at university, where i had spent far too long in the coffee bar writing stories, and far too little time at lectures, i had a knack for passing examinations, and that, for years, had been the measure of success in my life and that of my peers.我在您們這么大時，明顯缺乏在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的動力，我花了太久時間在咖啡吧寫故事，而在課堂的時間卻很少。我有一個通過考試的訣竅，并且數(shù)年間一直讓我在大學(xué)生活和同齡人中不落人后。

i am not dull enough to suppose that because you are young, gifted and well-educated, you have never known hardship or heartbreak.talent and intelligence never yet inoculated anyone against the caprice of the fates, and i do not for a moment suppose that everyone here has enjoyed an existence of uuffled privilege and contentment.我不想愚蠢地假設(shè)，因為你們年輕、有天份，并且受過良好的教育，就從來沒有遇到困難或心碎的時刻。才華和智慧從來不會使任何人絕對的避免遭受命運的反復(fù)無常；我也不會假

設(shè)大家坐在這里冷靜地滿足于自身的優(yōu)越感。

however, the fact that you are graduating from harvard suggests that you are not very well-acquainted with failure.you might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as a desire for success.indeed, your conception of failure might not be too far from the average persons idea of success, so high have you already flown academically.相反，你們是哈佛畢業(yè)生的這個事實，意味著你們并不很了解失敗。你們也許極其渴望成功，所以非常害怕失敗。說實話，你們眼中的失敗，很可能就是普通人眼中的成功，畢竟你們在學(xué)業(yè)上已經(jīng)達到很高的高度了。

最終，我們所有人都必須自己決定什么算作失敗，但如果你愿意，世界是相當渴望給你一套標準的。所以我承認命運的公平，從任何傳統(tǒng)的標準看，在我畢業(yè)僅僅七年后的日子里，我的失敗達到了史詩般空前的規(guī)模：短命的婚姻閃電般地破裂，我又失業(yè)成了一個艱難的單身母親。除了流浪漢，我是當代英國最窮的人之一，真的一無所有。當年父母和我自己對未來的擔(dān)憂，現(xiàn)在都變成了現(xiàn)實。按照慣常的標準來看，我也是我所知道的最失敗的人。now, i am not going to stand here and tell you that failure is fun.that period of my life was a dark one, and i had no idea that there was going to be what the press has since represented as a kind of fairy tale resolution.i had no idea how far the tunnel extended, and for a long time, any light at the end of it was a hope rather than a reality.現(xiàn)在，我不打算站在這里告訴你們，失敗是有趣的。那段日子是我生命中的黑暗歲月，我不知道它是否代表童話故事里需要歷經(jīng)的磨難，更不知道自己還要在黑暗中走多久。很長一段時間里，前面留給我的只是希望，而不是現(xiàn)實。so why do i talk about the benefits of failure? simply because failure meant a stripping away of the inessential.i stopped pretending to myself that i was anything other than what i was, and began to direct all my energy into finishing the only work that mattered to me.had i really succeeded at anything else, i might never have found the determination to succeed in the one arena i believed i truly belonged.i was set free, because my greatest fear had been realised, and i was still alive, and i still had a daughter whom i adored, and i had an old typewriter and a big idea.and so rock bottom became the solid foundation on which i rebuilt my life.那么為什么我要談?wù)撌〉暮锰幠?？因為失敗意味著剝離掉那些不必要的東西。我因此不再偽裝自己、遠離自我，而重新開始把所有精力放在對我最重要的事情上。如果不是沒有在其他領(lǐng)域成功過，我可能就不會找到，在一個我確信真正屬于的舞臺上取得成功的決心。我獲得了自由，因為最害怕的雖然已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，但我還活著，我仍然有一個我深愛的女兒，我還有一個舊打字機和一個很大的想法。所以困境的谷底，成為我重建生活的堅實基礎(chǔ)。you might never fail on the scale i did, but some failure in life is inevitable.it is impossible to live without failing at something, unless you live so cautiously that you might as well not have lived at all – in which case, you fail by default.你們可能永遠沒有達到我經(jīng)歷的那種失敗程度，但有些失敗，在生活中是不可避免的。生活不可能沒有一點失敗，除非你生活的萬般小心，而那也意味著你沒有真正在生活了。無論怎樣，有些失敗還是注定地要發(fā)生。

failure gave me an inner security that i had never attained by passing examinations.failure taught me things about myself that i could have learned no other way.i discovered that i had a strong will, and more discipline than i had suspected;i also found out that i had friends whose value was truly above rubies.失敗使我的內(nèi)心產(chǎn)生一種安全感，這是我從考試中沒有得到過的。失敗讓我看清自己，這也是我通過其他方式無法體會的。我發(fā)現(xiàn)，我比自己認為的，要有更強的意志和決心。我還發(fā)現(xiàn)，我擁有比寶石更加珍貴的朋友。the knowledge that you have emerged wiser and stronger from setbacks means that you are, ever after, secure in your ability to survive.you will never truly know yourself, or the strength of your relationships, until both have been tested by adversity.such knowledge is a true gift, for all that it is painfully won, and it has been worth more to me than any qualification i ever earned.從挫折中獲得智慧、變得堅強，意味著你比以往任何時候都更有能力生存。只有在逆境來臨的時候，你才會真正認識你自己，了解身邊的人。這種了解是真正的財富，雖然是用痛苦換來的，但比我以前得到的任何資格證書都有用。

如果給我一部時間機器，我會告訴21歲的自己，人的幸福在于知道生活不是一份漂亮的成績單，你的資歷、簡歷，都不是你的生活，雖然你會碰到很多與我同齡或更老一點的人今天依然還在混淆兩者。生活是艱辛的，復(fù)雜的，超出任何人的控制能力，而謙恭地了解這一點，將使你歷經(jīng)滄桑后能夠更好的生存。

you might think that i chose my second theme, the importance of imagination, because of the part it played in rebuilding my life, but that is not wholly so.though i will defend the value of bedtime stories to my last gasp, i have learned to value imagination in a much broader sense.imagination is not only the uniquely human capacity to envision that which is not, and therefore the fount of all invention and innovation.in its arguably most transformative and revelatory capacity, it is the power that enables us to empathize with humans whose experiences we have never shared.對于第二個主題的選擇——想象力的重要性——你們可能會認為是因為它對我重建生活起到了幫助，但事實并非完全如此。雖然我愿誓死捍衛(wèi)睡前要給孩子講故事的價值觀，我對想象力的理解已經(jīng)有了更廣泛的含義。想象力不僅僅是人類設(shè)想還不存在的事物這種獨特的能力，為所有發(fā)明和創(chuàng)新提供源泉，它還是人類改造和揭露現(xiàn)實的能力，使我們同情自己不曾經(jīng)受的他人苦難。篇二：08年jk羅琳在哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上的演講(中英雙語)the fringe benefits of failure, and the importance of imagination j.k.rowling tercentenary theatre, june 5, 2008失敗的好處和想象力的重要性

president faust, members of the harvard corporation and the board of overseers, members of the faculty, proud parents, and, above all, graduates, 福斯特主席，哈佛公司和監(jiān)察委員會的各位成員，各位老師、家長、全體畢業(yè)生們：

發(fā)表畢業(yè)演說是一個巨大的責(zé)任，至少在我回憶自己當年的畢業(yè)典禮前是這么認為的。那天做演講的是英國著名的哲學(xué)家baroness mary warnock，對她演講的回憶，對我寫今天的演講稿，產(chǎn)生了極大的幫助，因為我不記得她說過的任何一句話了。這個發(fā)現(xiàn)讓我釋然，讓我不再擔(dān)心我可能會無意中影響你放棄在商業(yè)，法律或政治上的大好前途，轉(zhuǎn)而醉心于成為一個快樂的魔法師。

你們看，如果在若干年后你們還記得“快樂的魔法師”這個笑話，那就證明我已經(jīng)超越了baroness mary warnock。建立可實現(xiàn)的目標——這是提高自我的第一步。

actually, i have wracked my mind and heart for what i ought to say to you today.i have asked myself what i wish i had known at my own graduation, and what important lessons i have learned in the 21 years that has expired between that day and this.實際上，我為今天應(yīng)該和大家談些什么絞盡了腦汁。我問自己什么是我希望早在畢業(yè)典禮上就該了解的，而從那時起到現(xiàn)在的21年間，我又得到了什么重要的啟示。

業(yè)成就的時刻，我希望告訴你們失敗有什么樣的益處；在你們即將邁向“現(xiàn)實生活”的道路之際，我還要褒揚想象力的重要性。

these may seem quixotic or paradoxical choices, but bear with me.這些似乎是不切實際或自相矛盾的選擇，但請先容我講完。

回顧21歲剛剛畢業(yè)時的自己，對于今天42歲的我來說，是一個稍微不太舒服的經(jīng)歷。可以說，我人生的前一部分，一直掙扎在自己的雄心和身邊的人對我的期望之間。i was convinced that the only thing i wanted to do, ever, was to write novels.however, my parents, both of whom came from impoverished backgrounds and neither of whom had been to college, took the view that my overactive imagination was an amusing personal quirk that could never pay a mortgage, or secure a pension.我一直深信，自己唯一想做的事情，就是寫小說。不過，我的父母，他們都來自貧窮(赤貧)的背景，沒有任何一人上過大學(xué)，堅持認為我過度的想象力是一個令人驚訝的個人怪癖，根本不足以讓我支付按揭，或者取得足夠的養(yǎng)老金。i know the irony strikes like with the force of a cartoon anvil now, but?

他們希望我去拿個職業(yè)學(xué)位，而我想去攻讀英國文學(xué)。最后，達成了一個雙方都不甚滿意的妥協(xié)：我改學(xué)現(xiàn)代語言?？墒堑鹊礁改敢蛔唛_，我立刻放棄了德語而報名學(xué)習(xí)古典文學(xué)。i cannot remember telling my parents that i was studying classics;they might well have found out for the first time on graduation day.of all the subjects on this planet, i think they would have been hard put to name one less useful than greek mythology when it came to securing the keys to an executive bathroom.我不記得將這事告訴了父母，他們可能是在我畢業(yè)典禮那一天才發(fā)現(xiàn)的。我想，在全世界的所有專業(yè)中，他們也許認為，不會有比研究希臘神話更沒用的專業(yè)了，根本無法換來一間獨立寬敞的衛(wèi)生間。

i would like to make it clear, in parenthesis, that i do not blame my parents for their point of view.there is an expiry date on blaming your parents for steering you in the wrong direction;the moment you are old enough to take the wheel, responsibility lies with you.what is more, i cannot criticise my parents for hoping that i would never experience poverty.they had been poor themselves, and i have since been poor, and i quite agree with them that it is not an ennobling experience.poverty entails fear, and stress, and sometimes depression;it means a thousand petty humiliations and hardships.climbing out of poverty by your own efforts, that is indeed something on which to pride yourself, but poverty itself is romanticised only by fools.我想澄清一下：我不會因為父母的觀點，而責(zé)怪他們。埋怨父母給你指錯方向是有一個時間

段的。當你成長到可以控制自我方向的時候，你就要自己承擔(dān)責(zé)任了。尤其是，我不會因為父母希望我不要過窮日子，而責(zé)怪他們。他們一直很貧窮，我后來也一度很窮，所以我很理解他們。貧窮并不是一種高貴的經(jīng)歷，它帶來恐懼、壓力、有時還有絕望，它意味著許許多多的羞辱和艱辛?？孔约旱呐[脫貧窮，確實可以引以自豪，但貧窮本身只有對傻瓜而言才是浪漫的。

what i feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure.我在你們這個年齡，最害怕的不是貧窮，而是失敗。

at your age, in spite of a distinct lack of motivation at university, where i had spent far too long in the coffee bar writing stories, and far too little time at lectures, i had a knack for passing examinations, and that, for years, had been the measure of success in my life and that of my peers.我在您們這么大時，明顯缺乏在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的動力，我花了太久時間在咖啡吧寫故事，而在課堂的時間卻很少。我有一個通過考試的訣竅，并且數(shù)年間一直讓我在大學(xué)生活和同齡人中不落人后。

i am not dull enough to suppose that because you are young, gifted and well-educated, you have never known hardship or heartbreak.talent and intelligence never yet inoculated anyone against the caprice of the fates, and i do not for a moment suppose that everyone here has enjoyed an existence of uuffled privilege and contentment.我不想愚蠢地假設(shè)，因為你們年輕、有天份，并且受過良好的教育，就從來沒有遇到困難或心碎的時刻。才華和智慧從來不會使任何人絕對的避免遭受命運的反復(fù)無常；我也不會假設(shè)大家坐在這里冷靜地滿足于自身的優(yōu)越感。

however, the fact that you are graduating from harvard suggests that you are not very well-acquainted with failure.you might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as a desire for success.indeed, your conception of failure might not be too far from the average persons idea of success, so high have you already flown academically.相反，你們是哈佛畢業(yè)生的這個事實，意味著你們并不很了解失敗。你們也許極其渴望成功，所以非常害怕失敗。說實話，你們眼中的失敗，很可能就是普通人眼中的成功，畢竟你們在學(xué)業(yè)上已經(jīng)達到很高的高度了。so today, i can wish you nothing better than similar friendships.and tomorrow, i hope that even if you remember not a single word of mine, you remember those of seneca, another of those old romans i met when i fled down the classics corridor, in retreat from career ladders, in search of ancient wisdom: 所以今天我可以給你們的，沒有比擁有知己更好的祝福了。明天，我希望即使你們不記得我說的任何一個字，你們還能記得哲學(xué)家塞內(nèi)加的一句至理明言。我當年沒有順著事業(yè)的階梯向上攀爬，轉(zhuǎn)而與他在古典文學(xué)的殿堂相遇，他的古老智慧給了我人生的啟迪： as is a tale, so is life: not how long it is, but how good it is, is what matters.生活就像故事一樣：不在乎長短，而在于質(zhì)量，這才是最重要的。i wish you all very good lives.我祝愿你們都有美好的生活。

thank you very much.非常感謝大家。篇三：2008年jk羅琳：哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講(中英文對照)2008年jk羅琳哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講（中英文對照）默認分類2009-07-17 20:13閱讀1281評論0 字號： 大 中 小

“2008年6月5日是哈佛大學(xué)的畢業(yè)典禮，請來的演講嘉賓是《哈利波特》的作者j.k.羅琳女士。她的演講題目是《失敗的好處和想象的重要性》（the fringe benefits of failure, and the importance of imaginatio n）。我讀了一遍講稿，覺得很好，很感染人。

她幾乎沒有談到哈里波特，而是說了年輕時的一些經(jīng)歷。雖然j·k·

羅琳現(xiàn)在很有錢，是英國僅次于女皇的最富有的女人，但是她曾經(jīng)有一段非常艱辛的日子，30歲了，還差點流落街頭。她主要談的是，自己從

這段經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到的東西。

第四篇：何江哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講全文

何江哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講全文：

蜘蛛咬傷軼事

在我讀初中的時候，有一次，一只毒蜘蛛咬傷了我的右手。我問我媽媽該怎么處理---我媽媽并沒有帶我去看醫(yī)生，她而是決定用火療的方法治療我的傷口。

她在我的手上包了好幾層棉花，棉花上噴撒了白酒，在我的嘴里放了一雙筷子，然后打火點燃了棉花。熱量逐漸滲透過棉花，開始炙烤我的右手。灼燒的疼痛讓我忍不住想喊叫，可嘴里的筷子卻讓我發(fā)不出聲來。我只能看著我的手被火燒著，一分鐘，兩分鐘，直到媽媽熄滅了火苗。

你看，我在中國的農(nóng)村長大，在那個時候，我的村莊還是一個類似前工業(yè)時代的傳統(tǒng)村落。在我出生的時候，我的村子里面沒有汽車，沒有電話，沒有電，甚至也沒有自來水。我們自然不能輕易的獲得先進的現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療資源。那個時候也沒有一個合適的醫(yī)生可以來幫我處理蜘蛛咬傷的傷口。

在座的如果有生物背景的人，你們或許已經(jīng)理解到了我媽媽使用的這個簡單的治療手段的基本原理：高熱可以讓蛋白質(zhì)變性，而蜘蛛的毒液也是一種蛋白質(zhì)。這樣一種傳統(tǒng)的土方法實際上有它一定的理論依據(jù)，想來也是挺有意思的。但是，作為哈佛大學(xué)生物化學(xué)的博士，我現(xiàn)在知道在我初中那個時候，已經(jīng)有更好的，沒有那么痛苦的，也沒有那么有風(fēng)險的治療方法了。于是我便忍不住會問自己，為什么我在當時沒有能夠享用到這些更為先進的治療方法呢？

蜘蛛咬傷的事故已經(jīng)過去大概十五年了。我非常高興的向在座的各位報告一下，我的手還是完好的。但是，我剛剛提到的這個問題這些年來一直停在我的腦海中，而我也時不時會因為先進科技知識在世界上不同地區(qū)的不平等分布而困擾?，F(xiàn)如今，我們?nèi)祟愐呀?jīng)學(xué)會怎么進行人類基因編輯了，也研究清楚了很多個癌癥發(fā)生發(fā)展的原因。我們甚至可以利用一束光來控制我們大腦內(nèi)神經(jīng)元的活動。每年生物醫(yī)學(xué)的研究都會給我們帶來不一樣突破和進步---其中有不少令人振奮，也極具革命顛覆性的成果。然而，盡管我們?nèi)祟愐呀?jīng)在科研上有了無數(shù)的建樹，在怎樣把這些最前沿的科學(xué)研究帶到世界最需要該技術(shù)的地區(qū)這件事情上，我們有時做的差強人意。世界銀行的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，世界上大約有12%的人口每天的生活水平仍然低于2美元。營養(yǎng)不良每年導(dǎo)致三百萬兒童死亡。將近3億人口仍然受到瘧疾的干擾。在世界各地，我們經(jīng)?？吹筋愃频挠韶毟F，疾病和自然匱乏導(dǎo)致的科學(xué)知識傳播的受阻?，F(xiàn)代社會里習(xí)以為常的那些救生常識經(jīng)常在這些欠發(fā)達或不發(fā)達地區(qū)未能普及。于是，在世界上仍有很多地區(qū)，人們只能依賴于用火療這一簡單粗暴的方式來治理蜘蛛咬傷事故。在哈佛讀書期間，我有切身體會到先進的科技知識能夠既簡單又深遠的幫助到社會上很多的人。本世紀初的時候，禽流感在亞洲多個國家肆虐。那個時候，村莊里的農(nóng)民聽到禽流感就像聽到惡魔施咒一樣，對其特別的恐懼。鄉(xiāng)村的土醫(yī)療方法對這樣一個疾病也是束手無策。農(nóng)民對于普通感冒和流感的區(qū)別并不是很清楚，他們并不懂得流感比普通感冒可能更加致命。而且，大部分人對于科學(xué)家所發(fā)現(xiàn)的流感病毒能夠跨不同物種傳播這一事實并不清楚。

于是，在我意識到這些知識背景，及簡單的將受感染的不同物種隔離開來以減緩疾病傳播，并決定將這些知識傳遞到我的村莊時，我的心里第一次有了一種作為未來科學(xué)家的使命感。但這種使命感不只停在知識層面，它也是我個人道德發(fā)展的重要轉(zhuǎn)折點，我自我理解的作為國際社會一員的責(zé)任感。

哈佛的教育教會我們學(xué)生敢于擁有自己的夢想，勇于立志改變世界。在畢業(yè)典禮這樣一個特別的日子，我們在座的畢業(yè)生都會暢想我們未來的偉大征程和冒險。對我而言，我在此刻不可避免的還會想到我的家鄉(xiāng)。我成長的經(jīng)歷教會了我作為一個科學(xué)家，積極的將我們所會的知識傳遞給那些急需這些知識的人是多么的重要。因為利用那些我們已經(jīng)擁有的科技知識，我們能夠輕而易舉的幫助我的家鄉(xiāng)，還有千千萬萬類似的村莊，讓他們生活的世界變成一個我們現(xiàn)代社會看起來習(xí)以為常的場所，而這樣一件事，是我們每一個畢業(yè)生都能夠做的，也力所能及能夠做到的。

但問題是，我們愿意來做這樣的努力嗎？

比以往任何時候都多，我們的社會強調(diào)科學(xué)和創(chuàng)新。但我們社會同樣需要注意的一個重心是分配知識到那些真正需要的地方。改變世界并不意味著每個人都要做一個大突破。改變世界可以非常簡單。它可以簡單得變成作為世界不同地區(qū)的溝通者，并找出更多創(chuàng)造性的方法將知識傳遞給像我母親或農(nóng)民這樣的群體。同時，改變世界也意味著我們的社會，作為一個整體，能夠更清醒的認識到科技知識的更加均衡的分布，是人類社會發(fā)展的一個關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)，而我們也能夠一起奮斗將此目標變成現(xiàn)實。

如果我們能夠做到這些，或許，將來有一天，一個在農(nóng)村被毒蜘蛛咬傷的少年或許不用火療這樣粗暴的方法來治療傷口，而是去看醫(yī)生得到更為先進的醫(yī)療護理。

第五篇：奧普拉哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講中英

奧普拉哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講：人生唯一目標就是做真實的自己 oh my goodness!im at haaaaaarvard!thats how oprah winfrey began her speech at harvard university graduation ceremony—in her spirited, signature way.winfrey also received an honorary doctor of law degree from the university before taking to the podium.溫弗瑞演講中4條最勵志的語錄

談失敗的好處 there is no such thing as failure.failure is just life trying to move us in another direction.世間并不存在“失敗”，那不過是生活想讓我們換個方向走走罷了。learn from every mistake, because every experience, particularly your mistakes, are there to teach you and force you into being more who you are.要從錯誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，因為你的每一次經(jīng)歷、尤其是你犯下的錯誤，都將幫助你、推動你更好地做自己。

2.on her own biggest personal failure.談自身最大的失敗

我突然想到某首古老贊美詩中的一句話：“困難只是暫時的”，我遇到的麻煩同樣會有結(jié)束的一天。然后我想，我會將這一頁翻過去，我會好起來的。

談職業(yè)生涯所做訪談的共同性 beyonce in all her beyonce-ness...they all want to know: was that okay? did you hear me? did you see me? did what i said mean anything to you? 我發(fā)現(xiàn)，我所有的訪談有一個共同性，那就是人人都希望自己被認可、被理解。they all want to know: was that okay? did you hear me? did you see me? did what i said mean anything to you? 我的采訪對象都想知道：“我的表現(xiàn)ok嗎？你聽到我看到我嗎？我說的話對你有價值嗎？”

4.on the key to success and happiness.談成功和快樂的關(guān)鍵 you will find true success and happiness if you have only one goal.there really is only one, and that is this: to fulfill the highest, most truthful expression of yourself as a human being.如果你只認準一個目標，那你就能獲得真正的成功和快樂。人生確實只有一個目標，那就是：最大程度地、最真實地展現(xiàn)自己。

“不要問自己世界需要什么，問問是什么讓你精神抖擻地活著，然后就去做，因為世界所需要的就是一個個朝氣蓬勃的人。”篇二：奧普拉哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講

奧普拉哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講：人生唯一目標就是做真實的自己 oprah winfrey: oh my goodness!im at harvard!wow!to president faust, my fellow honorands, carl that was so beautiful, thank you so much, and james rothenberg, stephanie wilson, harvard faculty with a special bow to my friend dr.henry lewis gates.oprah winfrey: all of you alumni with a special bow to the class of 88, your hundred fifteen million dollars.oprah winfrey: and to you, members of the harvard class of 2013!hello!oprah winfrey: and we understand that most americans believe in a clear path to citizenship for the 12,000,000 undocumented immigrants who reside in this country because its possible to both enforce our篇三：奧普拉2013年哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)演講(英文版)oh my goodness!im at harvard!wow!to president faust, my fellow honorands, carl that was so beautiful, thank you so much, and james rothenberg, stephanie wilson, harvard faculty with a special bow to my friend dr.henry lewis gates.all of you alumni with a special bow to the class of 88, your hundred fifteen million dollars.and to you, members of the harvard class of 2013!hello!decided as you will at some point, that it was time to recalculate, find new territory, break new ground.so i ended the show and launched own, the oprah winfrey network.the initials just worked out for me.so one year later after launching own nearly every media outlet had proclaimed that my new venture was a flop.not just a flop but a big bold flop they call it.i can still remember the day i opened up usa today and read the headline oprah, not quite standing on her own.i mean really, usa today? now thats the nice newspaper!it really was this time last year the worst period in my professional life.i was stressed and i was frustrated and quite frankly i was actually i was embarrassed.and it was all because i wanted to do it by the time i got to speak to you all so thank you so much.you dont know what motivation you were for me, thank you.im even where is he or she? bring them in.its an impressive calling card that can lead to even and so what i did was i simply asked our viewers do what you can wherever you are, from wherever you sit in life.give me your time or your talent your money if you have it.and they did.extend yourself in kindness to other human beings wherever you can.and together we built 55 schools in 12 different countries and restored nearly 300 homes that were devastated by hurricanes rita and katrina.so the angel network i have been on the air for a long time, but it was the angel network that actually focused my internal g.p.s.it helped me to decide that i wasnt going to just be on tv every day but that the goal of my shows, added this, you simply cannot demonize or vilify someone who doesnt agree with you, because the minute you do that, your discussion is over.and we cannot do that any longer.the problem is too enormous.there has to be some way that this darkness can be banished with light.in our political system and in the media we often see the reflection of a country that is polarized, that is paralyzed and is self-interested.and yet, i know you know the truth.we all know that we are better than the cynicism and the pessimism that is regurgitated throughout washington and the 24-hour cable news cycle.not my channel, by the way.we understand that the vast majority of people in this and we understand.i know you do because you went to harvard.there are people from both parties and no party believe that indigent mothers and families should have access to healthy food and a roof over their heads and a strong public education because here in the richest nation on earth we can afford a basic level of security and opportunity.so the question is what are we going to do about it? really what are you going to do about it? maybe you agree with these beliefs.maybe you dont.maybe you care about these issues and maybe there are other challenges that you, class of 2013, are passionate about.maybe you want to make a difference by serving in government.maybe you want to launch your own television show.or maybe you simply want to collect some change.your parents would appreciate that about now.the point is your generation is charged with this task of breaking through what the body politic has thus far made impervious to change.each of you has been blessed with this enormous disappointed, youd be too dejected to repeat that same kind of turnout in 2012 election and you proved them wrong by showing up in even greater numbers.thats who you are.this generation your generation i know has developed a finely honed radar for b.s.can you say b.s.at harvard? the spin and phoniness and artificial nastiness that saturates so much of our national debate.i know you all understand better than most that real progress requires authentic-an authentic way of being, honesty, and above all that youll have the courage to look them in the eye and hear their point of view and help make sure that the speed and distance and anonymity of our world doesnt cause us to lose our ability to stand in somebody elses shoes and recognize all that we share as a people.this is imperative for you as an individual and for our success as a nation.there has to be some way that this darkness can be banished with light, says the man whose little boy was massacred on just an ordinary friday in december.so whether you call it soul or spirit or higher self, intelligence, there is i know this, there is a light inside each of you all of us that illuminates your very human beingness if you let it.and as a young girl from rural mississippi i learned long ago that being myself was much easier than pretending to be barbara walters.although when i first started because i had barbara in my head i would try to sit like barbara, talk like barbara, move like barbara and then one night i was on the news reading the news and i called canada can-a-da, and that was the end of me being barbara.i cracked myself up on tv.couldnt stop laughing and my real personality came through and i figured out oh gee, i can be a much better oprah than i could be a pretend barbara.oh my goodness!im at harvard!wow!to president faust, my fellow honorands, carl that was so beautiful, thank you so much, and james rothenberg, stephanie wilson, harvard faculty with a special bow to my friend dr.henry lewis gates.all of you alumni with a special bow to the class of 88, your hundred fifteen million dollars.and to you, members of the harvard class of 2013!hello!a personality.but it helps.and while i may not have graduated from here i admit that my 比爾·蓋茨在哈佛大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上的演講

尊敬的bok校長，rudenstine前校長，即將上任的faust校長，哈佛集團的各位成員，監(jiān)管理事會的各位理事，各位老師，各位家長，各位同學(xué)： 有一句話我等了三十年，現(xiàn)在終于可以說了：“老爸，我總是跟你說，我會回來拿到我的學(xué)位的！” i want to thank harvard for this timely honor.ill be changing my job next year ?

and it will be nice to finally have a college degree on my resume.我要感謝哈佛大學(xué)在這個時候給我這個榮譽。明年，我就要換工作了（注：指從微軟公司退休）??我終于可以在簡歷上寫我有一個本科學(xué)位，這真是不錯啊。i applaud the graduates today for taking a much more direct route to your degrees.for my part, im just happy that the crimson has called me harvards most successful dropout.i guess that makes me valedictorian of my own special class ? i did the best of everyone who failed.我為今天在座的各位同學(xué)感到高興，你們拿到學(xué)位可比我簡單多了。哈佛的校報稱我是“哈佛大學(xué)歷史上最成功的輟學(xué)生”。我想這大概使我有資格代表我這一類學(xué)生發(fā)言??在所有的失敗者里，我做得最好。but i also want to be recognized as the guy who got steve ballmer to drop out of business school.im a bad influence.thats why i was invited to speak at your graduation.if i had spoken at your orientation, fewer of you might be here today.但是，我還要提醒大家，我使得steve ballmer（注：微軟總經(jīng)理）也從哈佛商學(xué)院退學(xué)了。因此，我是個有著惡劣影響力的人。這就是為什么我被邀請來在你們的畢業(yè)典禮上演講。如果我在你們?nèi)雽W(xué)歡迎儀式上演講，那么能夠堅持到今天在這里畢業(yè)的人也許會少得多吧。

harvard was just a phenomenal experience for me.academic life was fascinating.i used to sit in on lots of classes i hadnt even signed up for.and dorm life was terrific.i lived up at radcliffe, in currier house.there were always lots of people in my dorm room late at night discussing things, because everyone knew i didnt worry about getting up in the morning.thats how i came to be the leader of the anti-social group.we clung to each other as a way of validating our rejection of all those social people.對我來說，哈佛的求學(xué)經(jīng)歷是一段非凡的經(jīng)歷。校園生活很有趣，我常去旁聽我沒選修的課。哈佛的課外生活也很棒，我在radcliffe過著逍遙自在的日子。每天我的寢室里總有很多人

一直待到半夜，討論著各種事情。因為每個人都知道我從不考慮第二天早起。這使得我變成了校園里那些不安分學(xué)生的頭頭，我們互相粘在一起，做出一種拒絕所有正常學(xué)生的姿態(tài)。radcliffe是個過日子的好地方。那里的女生比男生多，而且大多數(shù)男生都是理工科的。這種狀況為我創(chuàng)造了最好的機會，如果你們明白我的意思。可惜的是，我正是在這里學(xué)到了人生中悲傷的一課：機會大，并不等于你就會成功。

我在哈佛最難忘的回憶之一，發(fā)生在1975年1月。那時，我從宿舍樓里給位于albuquerque的一家公司打了一個電話，那家公司已經(jīng)在著手制造世界上第一臺個人電腦。我提出想向他們出售軟件。

我很擔(dān)心，他們會發(fā)覺我是一個住在宿舍的學(xué)生，從而掛斷電話。但是他們卻說：“我們還沒準備好，一個月后你再來找我們吧?！边@是個好消息，因為那時軟件還根本沒有寫出來呢。就是從那個時候起，我日以繼夜地在這個小小的課外項目上工作，這導(dǎo)致了我學(xué)生生活的結(jié)束，以及通往微軟公司的不平凡的旅程的開始。what i remember above all about harvard was being in the midst of so much energy and intelligence.it could be exhilarating, intimidating, sometimes even discouraging, but always challenging.it was an amazing privilege – and though i left early, i was transformed by my years at harvard, the friendships i made, and the ideas i worked on.不管怎樣，我對哈佛的回憶主要都與充沛的精力和智力活動有關(guān)。哈佛的生活令人愉快，也令人感到有壓力，有時甚至?xí)械叫箽?，但永遠充滿了挑戰(zhàn)性。生活在哈佛是一種吸引人的特殊待遇??雖然我離開得比較早，但是我在這里的經(jīng)歷、在這里結(jié)識的朋友、在這里發(fā)展起來的一些想法，永遠地改變了我。but taking a serious look back ? i do have one big regret.但是，如果現(xiàn)在嚴肅地回憶起來，我確實有一個真正的遺憾。i left harvard with no real awareness of the awful inequities in the world –

the appalling disparities of health, and wealth, and opportunity that condemn millions of people to lives of despair.我離開哈佛的時候，根本沒有意識到這個世界是多么的不平等。人類在健康、財富和機遇上的不平等大得可怕，它們使得無數(shù)的人們被迫生活在絕望之中。i learned a lot here at harvard about new ideas in economics and politics.i got great exposure to the advances being made in the sciences.我在哈佛學(xué)到了很多經(jīng)濟學(xué)和政治學(xué)的新思想。我也了解了很多科學(xué)上的新進展。but humanitys greatest advances are not in its discoveries – but in how those discoveries are applied to reduce inequity.whether through democracy, strong public education, quality health care, or broad economic opportunity – reducing inequity is the highest human achievement.但是，人類最大的進步并不來自于這些發(fā)現(xiàn)，而是來自于那些有助于減少人類不平等的發(fā)現(xiàn)。不管通過何種手段——民主制度、健全的公共教育體系、高質(zhì)量的醫(yī)療保健、還是廣泛的經(jīng)濟機會——減少不平等始終是人類最大的成就。i left campus knowing little about the millions of young people cheated out of educational opportunities here in this country.and i knew nothing about the millions of people living in unspeakable poverty and disease in developing countries.我離開校園的時候，根本不知道在這個國家里，有幾百萬的年輕人無法獲得接受教育的機會。我也不知道，發(fā)展中國家里有無數(shù)的人們生活在無法形容的貧窮和疾病之中。it took me decades to find out.我花了幾十年才明白了這些事情。you graduates came to harvard at a different time.you know more about the worlds inequities than the classes that came before.in your years here, i hope youve had a chance to think about how – in this age of accelerating technology – we can finally take on these inequities, and we can solve them.在座的各位同學(xué)，你們是在與我不同的時代來到哈佛的。你們比以前的學(xué)生，更多地了解世界是怎樣的不平等。在你們的哈佛求學(xué)過程中，我希望你們已經(jīng)思考過一個問題，那就是在這個新技術(shù)加速發(fā)展的時代，我們怎樣最終應(yīng)對這種不平等，以及我們怎樣來解決這個問題。

imagine, just for the sake of discussion, that you had a few hours a week and a few dollars a month to donate to a cause – and you wanted to spend that time and money where it would have the greatest impact in saving and improving lives.where would you spend it? 為了討論的方便，請想象一下，假如你每個星期可以捐獻一些時間、每個月可以捐獻一些錢——你希望這些時間和金錢，可以用到對拯救生命和改善人類生活有最大作用的地方。你會選擇什么地方？ for melinda and for me, the challenge is the same: how can we do the most good for the greatest number with the resources we have.對melinda（注：蓋茨的妻子）和我來說，這也是我們面臨的問題：我們?nèi)绾文軐⑽覀儞碛械馁Y源發(fā)揮出最大的作用。during our discussions on this question, melinda and i read an article about the millions of children who were dying every year in poor countries from diseases that we had long ago made harmless in this country.measles, malaria, pneumonia, hepatitis b, yellow fever.one disease i had never even heard of, rotavirus, was killing half a million kids each year – none of them in the united states.在討論過程中，melinda和我讀到了一篇文章，里面說在那些貧窮的國家，每年有數(shù)百萬的兒童死于那些在美國早已不成問題的疾病。麻疹、瘧疾、肺炎、乙型肝炎、黃熱病、還有一種以前我從未聽說過的輪狀病毒，這些疾病每年導(dǎo)致50萬兒童死亡，但是在美國一例死亡病例也沒有。we were shocked.we had just assumed that if millions of children were dying and they could be saved, the world would make it a priority to discover and deliver the medicines to save them.but it did not.for under a dollar, there were interventions that could save lives that just werent being delivered.我們被震驚了。我們想，如果幾百萬兒童正在死亡線上掙扎，而且他們是可以被挽救的，那么世界理應(yīng)將用藥物拯救他們作為頭等大事。但是事實并非如此。那些價格還不到一美元的救命的藥劑，并沒有送到他們的手中。if you believe that every life has equal value, its revolting to learn that some lives are seen as worth saving and others are not.we said to ourselves: this cant be true.but if it is true, it deserves to be the priority of our giving.如果你相信每個生命都是平等的，那么當你發(fā)現(xiàn)某些生命被挽救了，而另一些生命被放棄了，你會感到無法接受。我們對自己說：“事情不可能如此。如果這是真的，那么它理應(yīng)是我們努力的頭等大事。” so we began our work in the same way anyone here would begin it.we asked: how could the world let these children die? 所以，我們用任何人都會想到的方式開始工作。我們問：“這個世界怎么可以眼睜睜看著這些孩子死去？” the answer is simple, and harsh.the market did not reward saving the lives of these children, and governments did not subsidize it.so the children died because their mothers and their fathers had no power in the market and no voice in the system.答案很簡單，也很令人難堪。在市場經(jīng)濟中，拯救兒童是一項沒有利潤的工作，政府也不會提供補助。這些兒童之所以會死亡，是因為他們的父母在經(jīng)濟上沒有實力，在政治上沒有能力發(fā)出聲音。but you and i have both.但是，你們和我在經(jīng)濟上有實力，在政治上能夠發(fā)出聲音。we can make market forces work better for the poor if we can develop a more creative capitalism – if we can stretch the reach of market forces so that more people can make a profit, or at least make a living, serving people who are suffering from the worst inequities.we also can press governments around the world to spend taxpayer money in ways that better reflect the values of the people who pay the taxes.我們可以讓市場更好地為窮人服務(wù)，如果我們能夠設(shè)計出一種更有創(chuàng)新性的資本主義制度——如果我們可以改變市場，讓更多的人可以獲得利潤，或者至少可以維持生活——那么，這就可以幫到那些正在極端不平等的狀況中受苦的人們。我們還可以向全世界的政府施壓，要求他們將納稅人的錢，花到更符合納稅人價值觀的地方。if we can find approaches that meet the needs of the poor in ways that generate profits for business and votes for politicians, we will have found a sustainable way to reduce inequity in the world.this task is open-ended.it can never be finished.but a conscious effort to answer this challenge will change the world.如果我們能夠找到這樣一種方法，既可以幫到窮人，又可以為商人帶來利潤，為政治家?guī)磉x票，那么我們就找到了一種減少世界性不平等的可持續(xù)的發(fā)展道路。這個任務(wù)是無限的。它不可能被完全完成，但是任何自覺地解決這個問題的嘗試，都將會改變這個世界。i believe we have more caring than we know what to do with.我相信，問題不是我們不在乎，而是我們不知道怎么做。all of us here in this yard, at one time or another, have seen human tragedies that broke our hearts, and yet we did nothing – not because we didnt care, but because we didnt know what to do.if we had known how to help, we would have acted.此刻在這個院子里的所有人，生命中總有這樣或那樣的時刻，目睹人類的悲劇，感到萬分傷心。但是我們什么也沒做，并非我們無動于衷，而是因為我們不知道做什么和怎么做。如果我們知道如何做是有效的，那么我們就會采取行動。

為了將關(guān)心轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾袆樱覀冃枰业絾栴}，發(fā)現(xiàn)解決辦法的方法，評估后果。