第一篇：2016溫總理哈佛演講稿全文

2016溫總理哈佛演講稿全文

溫總理哈佛演講稿全文是溫家寶總理訪問美國時(shí)，在世界著名的高等學(xué)府——哈佛大學(xué)的精彩演講，在演講中溫總理談?wù)摿酥忻狸P(guān)系，以及中國文化，下面是小編整理的溫總理哈佛演講稿全文

溫總理哈佛演講稿全文 女士們，先生們：

衷心感謝薩莫斯校長的盛情邀請。

哈佛是世界著名的高等學(xué)府，精英薈萃，人才輩出。建校367年來，曾出過7位總統(tǒng)，40多位諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者。這是你們的光榮。

今天，我很高興站在哈佛講臺(tái)上同你們面對面交流。我是一個(gè)普通的中國人。我出生在一個(gè)教師家庭，有過苦難的童年，曾長期工作在中國艱苦地區(qū)。中國有2500個(gè)縣(區(qū))，我去過1800個(gè)。我深愛著我的祖國和人民。我今天演講的題目是——把目光投向中國。

中美兩國相隔遙遠(yuǎn)，經(jīng)濟(jì)水平和文化背景差異很大。但愿我的這篇講演，能增進(jìn)我們之間的相互了解。

要了解一個(gè)真實(shí)的、發(fā)展變化著的、充滿希望的中國，就有必要了解中國的昨天、今天和明天。

昨天的中國，是一個(gè)古老并創(chuàng)造了燦爛文明的大國。

大家知道，在人類發(fā)展史上，曾經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過西亞兩河流域的巴比倫文明，北非尼羅河流域的古埃及文明，地中海北岸的古希臘——羅馬文明，南亞印度河流域的古文明，發(fā)源于黃河——長江流域的中華文明，等等。由于地震、洪水、瘟疫、災(zāi)荒，由于異族入侵和內(nèi)部**，這些古文明，有的衰落了，有的消亡了，有的融入了其它文明。而中華文明，以其頑強(qiáng)的凝聚力和雋永的魅力，歷經(jīng)滄桑而完整地延續(xù)了下來。擁有5000年的文明史，這是我們中國人的驕傲。

中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深、源遠(yuǎn)流長。早在2000多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學(xué)說和以老莊為代表的道家學(xué)說，以及其他許多也在中國思想史上有地位的學(xué)說流派，這就是有名的“諸子百家”。從孔夫子到孫中山，中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化有它的許多珍貴品，許多人民性和民主性的好東西。比如，強(qiáng)調(diào)仁愛，強(qiáng)調(diào)群體，強(qiáng)調(diào)和而不同，強(qiáng)調(diào)天下為公。特別是“天下興亡、匹夫有責(zé)”的愛國情操，“民為邦本”“民貴君輕”的民本思想，“己所不欲，勿施于人”的待人之道，吃苦耐勞、勤儉持家、尊師重教的傳統(tǒng)美德，世代相傳。所有這些，對家庭、國家和社會(huì)起到了巨大的維系與調(diào)節(jié)作用。

今年9月10日中國教師節(jié)，我專程到醫(yī)院看望北京大學(xué)老教授季羨林。他已經(jīng)92歲高齡，學(xué)貫中西，專攻東方學(xué)。我很喜歡讀他的散文。我們在促膝交談中，談到近代有過“西學(xué)東漸”，也有過“東學(xué)西漸”。

17、18世紀(jì)，當(dāng)外國傳教士把中國的文化典籍翻譯成西文傳到歐洲時(shí)，曾引起西方一批著名學(xué)者和啟蒙思想家的極大興趣。笛卡爾、萊伯尼茲、孟德斯鳩、伏爾泰、歌德、康德等，都對中國傳統(tǒng)文化有過研究。

我年輕時(shí)讀過伏爾泰的著作。他說過，作為思想家來研究這個(gè)星球的歷史時(shí)，首先要把目光投向包括中國在內(nèi)的東方。

非常有意思的是，一個(gè)半世紀(jì)前，貴國著名的哲學(xué)家、杰出的哈佛人——愛默生先生，也對中國的傳統(tǒng)文化情有獨(dú)鐘。他在文章中摘引孔孟的言論很多。他還把孔子和蘇格拉底、耶酥相提并論，認(rèn)為儒家道德學(xué)說，“雖然是針對一個(gè)與我們完全不同的社會(huì)，但我們今天讀來仍受益不淺?！?今天重溫伏爾泰和愛默生這些名言，不禁為他們的睿智和遠(yuǎn)見所折服。今天的中國，是一個(gè)改革開放與和平崛起的大國。費(fèi)正清先生關(guān)于中國人多地少有過這樣的描述：美國一戶農(nóng)莊所擁有的土地，到了中國卻居住著整整一個(gè)擁有數(shù)百人的村落。他還說，美國人盡管在歷史上也曾以務(wù)農(nóng)為本，但體會(huì)不到人口稠密的壓力。

人多，不發(fā)達(dá)，這是中國的兩大國情。中國有13億人口，不管多么小的問題，只要乘以13億，那就成為很大很大的問題;不管多么可觀的財(cái)力、物力，只要除以13億，那就成為很低很低的人均水平。這是中國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人任何時(shí)候都必須牢牢記住的。

解決13億人的問題，不能靠別人，只能靠自己。中華人民共和國成立以來，我們的建設(shè)取得了很大成就，同時(shí)也走了一些彎路，失去了一些機(jī)遇。從1978年開始改革開放，我們終于找到了一條發(fā)展自己的正確道路。這就是：中國人民獨(dú)立自主地建設(shè)中國特色的社會(huì)主義。這條道路的精髓，就是調(diào)動(dòng)一切積極因素，解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力，尊重和保障中國人民追求幸福的自由。

中國的改革開放，從農(nóng)村到城市，從經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域到政治、文化、社會(huì)領(lǐng)域。它的每一步深入，說到底，都是為了放手讓一切勞動(dòng)、知識(shí)、技術(shù)、管理和資本的活力競相迸發(fā)，讓一切創(chuàng)造社會(huì)財(cái)富的源泉充分涌流。

中國在相當(dāng)長時(shí)間內(nèi)曾實(shí)行高度集中的計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制。隨著社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的深入和民主政治建設(shè)的推進(jìn)，過去人們在擇業(yè)、遷徙、致富、投資、資訊、旅游、信仰和選擇生活方式等方面有形無形的不合理限制，被逐步解除。這就帶來了前所未有的、廣泛而深刻的變化。一方面，廣大城鄉(xiāng)勞動(dòng)者的積極性得以釋放，特別是數(shù)以億計(jì)的農(nóng)民得以走出傳統(tǒng)村落，進(jìn)入城市特別是沿海地區(qū)，數(shù)以千萬計(jì)的知識(shí)分子聰明才智得到充分發(fā)揮;另一方面，規(guī)模龐大的國有資產(chǎn)得以盤活，數(shù)萬億元的民間資本得以形成，5000億美元的境外資本得以流入。這種資本和勞動(dòng)的結(jié)合，就在中國960萬平方公里的國土上，演進(jìn)著人類歷史上規(guī)模極為宏大的工業(yè)化和城市化。過去25年間，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)之所以按平均9.4%的速度迅速增長，其奧秘就在于此。

25年間中國創(chuàng)造的巨大財(cái)富，不僅使13億中國人基本解決了溫飽，基本實(shí)現(xiàn)了小康，而且為世界發(fā)展作出了貢獻(xiàn)。中國所有這些進(jìn)步，都得益于改革開放，歸根到底來自于中國人民基于自由的創(chuàng)造。

我清醒地認(rèn)識(shí)到，在中國現(xiàn)階段，相對于有限的資源和短缺的資本，勞動(dòng)力的供應(yīng)是十分充裕的。不切實(shí)保護(hù)廣大勞動(dòng)者特別是進(jìn)城農(nóng)民工的基本權(quán)利，他們就有可能陷于像狄更斯、德萊塞小說所描寫的那種痛苦境地。不切實(shí)保護(hù)公民的財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利，就難以積累和吸引寶貴的資本。

因此，中國政府致力于兩個(gè)保護(hù)：一個(gè)是保護(hù)勞動(dòng)者的基本權(quán)利;一個(gè)是保護(hù)財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利，既要保護(hù)公有財(cái)產(chǎn)，又要保護(hù)私人財(cái)產(chǎn)。關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)，中國的法律已經(jīng)作出明確規(guī)定，并付諸實(shí)施。

中國的改革開放正是為了推動(dòng)中國的人權(quán)進(jìn)步，兩者是相互依存、相互促進(jìn)的。改革開放為人權(quán)進(jìn)步創(chuàng)造了條件，人權(quán)進(jìn)步為改革開放增添了動(dòng)力。如果把兩者割裂開來，以為中國只注意發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)而忽視人權(quán)保護(hù)，這種看法不符合實(shí)際。正如貴國前總統(tǒng)羅斯福曾指出的“真正的個(gè)人自由，在沒有經(jīng)濟(jì)安全和獨(dú)立的情況下，是不存在的”，“貧者無自由”。我并不認(rèn)為，今天中國的人權(quán)狀況是盡善盡美的。對人權(quán)方面存在的這樣那樣的弊端和消極現(xiàn)象，中國政府一直認(rèn)真努力加以克服。在中國，把發(fā)展、改革和穩(wěn)定三者結(jié)合起來，具有極端的重要性和艱巨性。百聞不如一見。只要朋友們到中國實(shí)地看一看，對改革開放以來中國的人權(quán)進(jìn)步和中國政府為保障人權(quán)所作的艱苦努力，就會(huì)有客觀的理解和認(rèn)識(shí)。

中國是個(gè)發(fā)展中的大國。我們的發(fā)展，不應(yīng)當(dāng)也不可能依賴外國，必須也只能把事情放在自己力量的基點(diǎn)上。這就是說，我們要在擴(kuò)大對外開放的同時(shí)，更加充分和自覺地依靠自身的體制創(chuàng)新，依靠開發(fā)越來越大的國內(nèi)市場，依靠把龐大的居民儲(chǔ)蓄轉(zhuǎn)化為投資，依靠國民素質(zhì)的提高和科技進(jìn)步來解決資源和環(huán)境問題。中國和平崛起發(fā)展道路的要義就在于此。當(dāng)然，中國仍然是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家。城市和農(nóng)村、東部和西部存在著明顯發(fā)展差距。如果你們到中國東南沿海城市旅行，就會(huì)看到高樓林立、車流如織、燈火輝煌的現(xiàn)代景觀。但是，在我國農(nóng)村特別是中國西部農(nóng)村還有不少落后的地方。在那些貧窮的偏僻山村，人們還在使用人力和畜力耕作，居住的是土坯房，大旱之年人畜飲水十分困難。古詩云：“衙齋臥聽蕭蕭竹，疑是民間疾苦聲”。作為中國的總理，每念及還有3000萬農(nóng)民同胞沒有解決溫飽，還有2300萬領(lǐng)取最低生活保障金的城鎮(zhèn)人口，還有6000萬需要社會(huì)幫助的殘疾人，我憂心如焚、寢食難安。中國要達(dá)到發(fā)達(dá)國家水平，還需要幾代人、十幾代人甚至幾十代人的長期艱苦奮斗。明天的中國，是一個(gè)熱愛和平和充滿希望的大國。

中華民族歷來酷愛和平。2000年前，秦始皇修筑的長城是防御性的。1000年前，唐朝開辟通向西域的絲綢之路，是為了把絲綢、茶葉、瓷器等銷往世界。500年前，明朝著名的外交家和航海家鄭和七下西洋，是為了同友邦結(jié)好，帶去了精美的產(chǎn)品和先進(jìn)的農(nóng)業(yè)、手工業(yè)技術(shù)。正如俄羅斯偉大文學(xué)家托爾斯泰所說，中華民族是“最古老的民族，最大的民族”，“世界上最酷愛和平的民族”。近代以來，由于封建王朝愚昧、腐敗和閉關(guān)鎖國，導(dǎo)致社會(huì)停滯、國力衰竭，列強(qiáng)頻頻入侵。中華民族盡管災(zāi)難深重、飽受凌辱，但始終自強(qiáng)不息、愈挫愈奮。一個(gè)民族在災(zāi)難和挫折中學(xué)到的東西，會(huì)比平時(shí)多得多。中國已經(jīng)制訂了實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化的“三步走”戰(zhàn)略。從現(xiàn)在起到2020年，中國要全面實(shí)現(xiàn)小康。到2049年，也就是中華人民共和國成立100周年的時(shí)候，我們將達(dá)到世界中等發(fā)達(dá)國家的水平。我們清醒地估計(jì)到，在前進(jìn)的道路上還要克服許許多多可以想見的和難以預(yù)料的困難，迎接各種各樣嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。我們不能不持有這樣的危機(jī)感。當(dāng)然，中國政府和中國人民有足夠的信心，勵(lì)精圖治，艱苦奮斗，排除萬難，實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的雄心壯志。這是因?yàn)椋骸?dāng)今世界的潮流是要和平、要發(fā)展。中國的發(fā)展正面臨非常難得的戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期。我們已下定決心，爭取和平的國際環(huán)境和穩(wěn)定的國內(nèi)環(huán)境，集中精力發(fā)展自己，又以自己的發(fā)展促進(jìn)世界的和平與發(fā)展。

——中國堅(jiān)持的是充滿生機(jī)和活力的社會(huì)主義。社會(huì)主義是大海，大海容納百川，永不枯竭。我們立足國情，大膽推進(jìn)改革開放，勇于吸收人類一切優(yōu)秀文明成果來充實(shí)自己。一個(gè)善于自我調(diào)整、自我完善的社會(huì)主義，其生機(jī)和活力是無限的。

——改革開放25年來已積累起一定的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)在世界已占有一席之地。中國億萬人民追求幸福、創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的積極性，乃是推進(jìn)國家現(xiàn)代化取之不盡、用之不竭的巨大力量。——中華民族具有極其深厚的文化底蘊(yùn)。“和而不同”，是中國古代思想家提出的一個(gè)偉大思想。和諧而又不千##第1篇律，不同而又不彼此沖突;和諧以共生共長，不同以相輔相成。用“和而不同”的觀點(diǎn)觀察、處理問題，不僅有利于我們善待友邦，也有利于國際社會(huì)化解矛盾。女士們、先生們：加深理解是相互的。我希望美國青年把目光投向中國，也相信中國青年會(huì)進(jìn)一步把目光投向美國。

美國是一個(gè)偉大的國家。從移民時(shí)代開始，美利堅(jiān)民族的頑強(qiáng)意志和拓荒氣慨，務(wù)實(shí)和創(chuàng)新精神，對知識(shí)的尊重和人才的吸納，科學(xué)和法治傳統(tǒng)，鑄就了美國的繁榮。美國人民在遭受“9·11”恐怖襲擊時(shí)所表現(xiàn)出來的鎮(zhèn)定、互助和勇氣，令人欽佩。進(jìn)入二十一世紀(jì)，人類面臨的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)問題更加復(fù)雜。文化因素將在新的世紀(jì)里發(fā)揮更加重要的作用。不同民族的語言各不相同，而心靈情感是相通的。不同民族的文化千姿百態(tài)，其合理內(nèi)核往往是相同的，總能為人類所傳承。各民族的文明都是人類智慧的成果。對人類進(jìn)步作出了貢獻(xiàn)，應(yīng)該彼此尊重。人類因無知或偏見引起的沖突，有時(shí)比因利益引起的沖突更可怕。我們主張以平等和包容的精神，努力尋找雙方的共同點(diǎn)，開展廣泛的文明對話和深入的文化交流。

貴國著名詩人梅爾維爾在《麥爾文山》中曾這樣寫道：“無論世界怎樣變化，樹木逢春便會(huì)綠葉招展”。

青年代表著國家和世界的未來。面對新世紀(jì)中美關(guān)系的廣闊前景，我希望兩國青年更加緊密地?cái)y起手來!女士們，先生們：

中華民族的祖先曾追求這樣一種境界：“為天地立心，為生民立命，為往圣繼絕學(xué)，為萬世開太平”。今天，人類正處在社會(huì)急劇大變動(dòng)的時(shí)代，回溯源頭，傳承命脈，相互學(xué)習(xí)，開拓創(chuàng)新，是各國弘揚(yáng)本民族優(yōu)秀文化的明智選擇。我呼吁，讓我們共同以智慧和力量去推動(dòng)人類文明的進(jìn)步與發(fā)展。我們的成功將承繼先賢，澤被后世。這樣，我們的子孫就能生活在一個(gè)更加和平、安定和繁榮的世界里。我堅(jiān)信，這樣一個(gè)無限光明、無限美好的明天，必將到來!謝謝諸位 相關(guān)推薦：

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jk羅琳2016哈佛畢業(yè)典禮演講稿中英文

第二篇：溫總理演講稿

CAMBRIDGE, Britain, Feb.2(Xinhua)--The following is the full text of Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao's speech at the University of Cambridge on Monday.See China in the Light of Her Development

Speech at the University of Cambridge Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China 2 February 2009

Vice Chancellor Alison Richard, Ladies and Gentlemen，It gives me great pleasure to come to Cambridge, a world-renowned university that I have long wanted to visit.Cambridge has produced many great scientists and thinkers Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin and Francis Bacon, to name but a few, and made important contribution to the progress of human civilization.This year marks the 800th anniversary of the university.Please accept my warm congratulations.This is my fourth visit to your country.Despite the great distance between China and Britain, the friendly exchanges between our peoples have been on the rise.The successful resolution of the question of Hong Kong and fruitful cooperation between our two countries in areas such as economy, trade, culture, education, science and technology have cemented the foundation of our comprehensive strategic partnership.Here, I wish to pay high tribute to all those who have been working tirelessly to promote friendly ties between our two countries.The title of my speech today is “See China in the Light of Her Development”.My beloved motherland is a country both old and young.She is old, because she is a big Oriental country with a civilization stretching back several thousand years.With diligence and wisdom, the Chinese nation created a splendid civilization and made significant contributions to the progress of humanity.She is young, because the People's Republic is just 60 years old, and the country began reform and opening-up only 30 years ago.The Chinese people established the New China after unremitting struggles and ultimately found a development path suited to China's national conditions through painstaking efforts.This is the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Following this path, our ancient civilization has been rejuvenated.The key element of China's reform and opening-up is to free people's mind and the most fundamental and significant component is institutional innovation.Through economic reform, we have built a socialist market economy, where the market plays a primary role in allocating resources under government macro-regulation.We have carried out political reform, promoted democracy and improved the legal system.People are the masters of the country.We run the country according to law and endeavor to build a socialist country under the rule of law.The essence of China's reform and opening-up is to put people first and meet their ever growing material and cultural needs through releasing and developing productive forces.It aims to give everyone equal opportunities for all-round development.It aims to protect the democratic rights of the people and promote stability, harmony and prosperity across the land.And it aims to safeguard the dignity and freedom of everyone so that he or she may pursue happiness with ingenuity and hard work.Over the past three decades, more than 200 million Chinese have been lifted out of poverty, the average life expectancy has increased by 5 years, and the 83 million people with disabilities in China have received special care from the government and the society.All this points to the tremendous efforts China has made to protect human rights.We have introduced free nine-year compulsory education throughout the country, established the cooperative medical system in the rural areas and improved the social safety net.The age-old dream of the Chinese nation is being turned into reality a dream to see the young educated, the sick treated and the old cared for.I want to quote from a Tang Dynasty poem to describe what is happening in China, “From shore to shore it is wide at high tide, and before fair wind a sail is lifting.” The Chinese people are working hard to modernize their country.This is a great practice in a large developing country both ancient and new.The Chinese people, with destiny in their own hands, are full of confidence in their future.My beloved motherland is a country that stood numerous vicissitudes but never gave up.Earlier in my career, I worked in northwest China for many years.There, in the boundless desert, grows a rare variety of tree called euphrates poplar.Rooted over 50 meters down the ground, they thrive in hostile environments, defying droughts, sandstorms and salinization.They are known as the “hero tree”, because a euphrates poplar can live for a thousand years.Even after it dies, it stands upright for a thousand years, and even after it falls, it stays intact for another thousand years.I like euphrates poplar because they symbolize the resilience of the Chinese nation.Over the millennia, the Chinese nation has weathered numerous disasters, both natural and man-made, surmounted all kinds of difficulties and challenges, and made her way to where she proudly stands today.The long sufferings have only made her a nation of fortitude and perseverance.The experience of the Chinese nation attests to a truth: what a nation loses in times of disaster will be made up for by her progress.I am reminded of the experience that I had in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province after the devastating earthquake there last May.That earthquake shocked the whole world.It flattened Beichuan Middle School and claimed many young lives.But only 10 days after the earthquake, when I went there for the second time, I had before my eyes new classrooms built on debris by local villagers with planks.Once again, the campus echoed with the sound of students reading aloud.I wrote down 4 Chinese characters on the blackboard, meaning “A country will emerge stronger from adversities.” I have been to Wenchuan seven times since the earthquake and witnessed countless touching scenes like this.I am deeply moved by the unyielding spirit of my people.This great national spirit is the source of strength which has enabled the Chinese nation to emerge from all the hardships stronger than before.With hard work over the past half century and more, China has achieved great progress.Its total economic output is now one of the largest in the world.However, we remain a developing country and we are keenly aware of the big gap that we have with the developed countries.There has been no fundamental change in our basic national condition: a big population, weak economic foundation and uneven development.China's per capita GDP ranks behind 100 countries in the world and is only about 1/18 that of Britain.Those of you who have been to China as tourists must have seen the modern cities, but our rural areas are still quite backward.To basically achieve modernization by the middle of this century, we must accomplish three major tasks: first, achieve industrialization, which Europe has long completed, while keeping abreast of the latest trends of the scientific and technological revolution;second, promote economic growth while ensuring social equity and justice;and third, pursue sustainable development at home while accepting our share of international responsibilities.The journey ahead will be long and arduous, but no amount of difficulty will stop the Chinese people from marching forward.Through persistent efforts, we will reach our goal.My beloved motherland is a country that values her traditions while opening her arms to the outside world.The traditional Chinese culture is rich, extensive and profound.Harmony, the supreme value cherished in ancient China, lies at the heart of the Chinese culture.The Book of History, an ancient classic in China for example, advocates amity among people and friendly exchanges among nations.The Chinese cultural tradition values peace as the most precious.This has nurtured the broad mind of the Chinese nation.The Chinese nation is generous and tolerant, just as Mother Earth cares for all living things.She is in constant pursuit of justice, just as the eternal movement of the Universe.In the 15th century, the famous Chinese navigator Zheng He led seven maritime expeditions to the Western Seas and reached over 30countries.He took with him Chinese tea, silk and porcelain and helped local people fight pirates as he sailed along.He was truly a messenger of love and friendship.The argument that a big power is bound to seek hegemony does not apply to China.Seeking hegemony goes against China's cultural tradition as well as the will of the Chinese people.China's development harms no one and threatens no one.We shall be a peace-loving country, a country that is eager to learn from and cooperate with others.We are committed to building a harmonious world.Different countries and nations need to respect, tolerate and learn from each other's culture.Today, 300 million Chinese are learning English and over one million of our young people are studying abroad.The cultures and arts of various parts of the world are featured daily on China's television, radio and print media.Had we not learned from others through exchanges and enriched ourselves by drawing on others' experience, we would not have enjoyed today's prosperity and progress.In the 21st century, economic globalization and the information network have linked us all together.Different cultures live together and influence each other.No culture can flourish in isolation.How much a country or a nation contributes to the culture of humanity is increasingly determined by her ability to absorb foreign cultures and renew herself.That is why China will remain open and receptive, value her own traditions while drawing on others' successful experience, and achieve economic prosperity and social progress in a civilized and harmonious way.Ladies and Gentlemen，I stress the importance of seeing China in the light of her development, because the world is changing and China is changing.China is no longer the closed and backward society it was 100 years ago, or the poor and ossified society 30 years ago.Thanks to reform and opening-up, China has taken on a new look.What the Beijing Olympic Games showcased is a colorful China, both ancient and modern.I therefore encourage you to visit China more often and see more places there.This way, you will better understand what the Chinese people are thinking and doing, and what they are interested in.You will get to know the true China, a country constantly developing and changing.You will also better appreciate how China has been tackling the ongoing global financial crisis.This unprecedented financial crisis has inflicted a severe impact on both China and Britain as well as other European countries.The crisis has not yet hit the bottom, and it is hard to predict what further damage it may cause.To work together and tide over the difficulties has become our top priority.I believe that closer cooperation is needed to meet the global crisis, and the level of cooperation hinges upon the level of mutual trust.The Chinese Government maintains that countries should: first and foremost, run their own affairs well and refrain from shifting troubles onto others;second, carry out cooperation with full sincerity and avoid pursuing one's own interests at the expense of others;and third, address both the symptoms and the root cause of the problem.A palliative approach will not work.We should not treat only the head when the head aches, and the foot when the foot hurts.As I reiterated at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos, necessary reform of the international monetary and financial systems should be carried out to establish a new international financial order that is fair, equitable, inclusive and well-managed.We should create an institutional environment conducive to global economic growth.Let me talk briefly about how China has been responding to the crisis.The fallout of the financial crisis on China's real economy is becoming more evident.Since the third quarter of last year, our exports have declined sharply, economic growth has slowed down, and the pressure on employment has been rising.In the face of the grim situation, we have acted decisively.We have made timely adjustment to the direction of our macroeconomic policy, promptly introduced ten measures to expand domestic demand, and formulated a series of related policies.Together, they make up a systematic and comprehensive package plan aimed at promoting steady and relatively fast economic growth.Its main contents are:

First, substantially increase government spending to boost domestic demand.The Chinese Government has announced a two-year investment program that will generate, through fiscal spending, a total investment of RMB 4 trillion nationwide, equivalent to 16% of China's GDP in 2007.The money will mainly go into government-subsidized housing, projects related to the well-being of rural residents, the construction of railway and other infrastructural projects, social development programs, environmental protection and post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.The Chinese Government has introduced a massive tax-cut program, which will reduce the tax burdens on businesses and individuals by about RMB 500 billion each year.We have also cut interest rates by a large margin, increased liquidity in the banking system and adopted a range of financial measures.Second, implement a large-scale industrial restructuring and rejuvenation program.We are pushing forward industrial restructuring and upgrading across the board and formulating plans for the restructuring and revitalization of ten key industries, including automobiles and iron and steel.We will take economic and technological measures to boost energy conservation and reduce emissions, and promote merger and reorganization of enterprises to raise the level of industry concentration and the efficiency of resource allocation.We encourage and support the extensive application of new technologies, techniques, equipment and materials and the development of marketable products by enterprises.Third, make energetic efforts for progress and innovation in science and technology.Science and technology are of fundamental importance in overcoming the financial crisis.A major crisis is usually followed by a revolution in science and technology, and no economic recovery is possible without technological innovation.We are stepping up the implementation of the National Program for Medium-and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development, with special emphasis on 16 major projects including core electronic devices, development and use of nuclear energy and advanced numerically controlled machine tools.We will strive to make breakthroughs in a host of core technologies and key generic technologies to support sustainable economic growth at a higher level.We will promote the development of high-tech industrial clusters and cultivate new economic growth areas.All in all, we will rely on major breakthroughs in science and technology to foster new social demand and bring about a new round of economic boom.Fourth, significantly raise the level of social security.We will continue to increase basic pension for enterprise retirees and upgrade the standard of unemployment insurance and workers' compensation.We will raise the level of basic cost of living allowances in both urban and rural areas and welfare allowances for those rural residents without family support.We are advancing the reform of the medical and health system and working to put in place a nationwide basic medical and health system covering both urban and rural areas within three years and achieve the goal of everyone having access to basic medical and health service.We give priority to education and are now working on the Guidelines of the National Program for Medium-and Long-Term Educational Reform and Development.We are following a more active employment policy with special emphasis on helping college graduates and migrant workers find jobs.We are endeavoring to create more jobs and lessen the impact of the financial crisis on employment.The aforementioned measures will help us boost domestic demand, readjust and reinvigorate industries, enhance the support of science and technology and strengthen social security all at the same time.They will stimulate consumption through increased investment, drive economic growth while improving people's livelihood and creating more jobs, and see us through current difficulties while also improving the long-term prospect of the Chinese economy.They will not only benefit China's development, but also bring enormous business opportunities to other countries, Britain included.This once-in-a-century financial crisis is truly thought-provoking.It reminds us of the need to have serious reflections on the existing economic systems and theories.For many years in the past, China practiced a highly centralized planned economy and regarded planning as being absolute.This hampered the development of productivity.The ongoing financial crisis has made it clear to us, however, that the market is not a cure-all, either.A totally laissez-faire approach will inevitably lead to economic disorder and unfair social distribution, and will eventually take its toll.A credible market-oriented reform should never set the market against government macro-regulation.The invisible hand of the market and the visible hand of government and social supervision should both act, and act vigorously.Only in this way can resources be distributed according to market rules and distributed in a reasonable, coordinated, balanced and sustainable manner.The international financial crisis once again shows how dangerous a market economy without regulation can be.Since the 1990s, some profit-driven financial institutions in economies lacking effective regulation have raised massive capital with a leverage of dozens of times.While they reaped huge profits, the world was exposed to enormous risks.This fully demonstrates that a totally unregulated market economy cannot work.We must strike a balance between financial innovation and regulation, between the financial sector and real economy, and between savings and consumption.To effectively meet the crisis, we must fully recognize the role of morality.Nothing is greater than morality.It shines even more brightly than the sun.True economic theories will never come into conflict with the highest moral and ethical standards.Instead, they should stand for justice and integrity, and contribute in an equal way to the well-being of all people, including the most vulnerable ones.Adam Smith, known as the father of modern economics, held the view in The Theory of Moral Sentiments that if the fruits of a society's economic development cannot be shared by all, it is morally unsound and risky, as it is bound to jeopardize social stability.The loss of morality is an underlying cause for the current crisis.Some people have sacrificed principle and sought profits at the expense of public interests.They have crossed the moral baseline.We should call on all enterprises to take up their social responsibilities.Within the body of every businessman should flow the blood of morality.Ladies and Gentlemen，Britain is the last leg of my European trip.I have gained a deeper understanding of Europe through this visit.China-EU cooperation is now standing at a new historical starting point and I am all the more confident about the China-EU comprehensive strategic partnership.There are no outstanding issues left over from history or conflict of fundamental interests between the two sides.What we have is a solid foundation and a bright future for cooperation.As the first industrialized country, Britain has accumulated rich experience in economic development and environmental protection.We hope to learn from your experience and strengthen exchanges and cooperation with you.The future belongs to the younger generation.It is incumbent upon you to build an even more splendid future of China-Britain relations.Here and now, I cannot but mention Dr.Joseph Needham, a Cambridge alumnus who made important contribution to cultural exchanges between China and Britain.With his monumental masterpiece, Science and Civilization in China, he built a bridge between the two great civilizations of East and West.To honor tradition and innovation is the outstanding character of Cambridge.I hope more of you will turn your eyes to China, see my country in the light of her development, and act as ambassadors of China-Britain friendship.I believe that as long as you, the young people of China and Britain learn from each other and strive for progress hand in hand, you will add a brilliant new chapter to the annals of our relations.Thank you!

第三篇：溫總理經(jīng)典演講稿（精選）

5·12汶川特大地震，已經(jīng)過去三年了，512溫總理講話。我心里一直惦記著災(zāi)區(qū)，牽掛著災(zāi)區(qū)的群眾。三年來，我10次到四川災(zāi)區(qū)，也到了陜西、甘肅災(zāi)區(qū)。記得地震當(dāng)天我趕到災(zāi)區(qū)時(shí)，所到之處都是殘?jiān)珨啾?、滿目瘡痍，充滿驚恐、悲痛的氣氛。地震后第12天，我第二次來到災(zāi)區(qū)，在映秀同聯(lián)合國秘書長一起接受中外記者的聯(lián)合采訪，那個(gè)時(shí)候我就說：“過三年再來，一個(gè)新的汶川會(huì)拔地而起?！比陙?，在黨中央、國務(wù)院的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和全國人民的大力支持下，災(zāi)區(qū)各級黨委、政府帶領(lǐng)人民艱苦奮斗，廣大建設(shè)者頑強(qiáng)拼搏，恢復(fù)重建工作進(jìn)展順利，災(zāi)區(qū)面貌發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化，用大家的話來講，是脫胎換骨的巨變。看到這些，我感到十分欣慰。災(zāi)區(qū)的恢復(fù)重建，群眾十分滿意，社會(huì)各界評價(jià)很高，國際社會(huì)也給予廣泛贊譽(yù)。對四川、陜西、甘肅災(zāi)區(qū)恢復(fù)重建工作，中央是充分肯定的。下面，我講幾點(diǎn)意見。

一、汶川地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建取得重大成就

汶川地震災(zāi)后不久，我們又受到百年罕見的國際金融危機(jī)的嚴(yán)重沖擊，在十分困難的條件下，黨中央、國務(wù)院下決心加大對災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建的支持，加快恢復(fù)重建步伐，共投入恢復(fù)重建資金10205億元，其中，中央財(cái)政安排災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建基金3026億元。目前，四川、陜西、甘肅三省災(zāi)區(qū)所有納入國家重建規(guī)劃的項(xiàng)目已全部開工建設(shè)，完工項(xiàng)目占規(guī)劃項(xiàng)目的95%，完成投資占規(guī)劃總投資的95%?？梢哉f，災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建的主要任務(wù)已經(jīng)完成，災(zāi)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展水平和群眾基本生產(chǎn)生活條件明顯超過了災(zāi)前水平，實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)大的跨越。《汶川地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建總體規(guī)劃》提出的“家家有房注戶戶有就業(yè)、人人有保障、設(shè)施有提高、經(jīng)濟(jì)有發(fā)展、生態(tài)有改善”的重建目標(biāo)基本實(shí)現(xiàn)，災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建取得了決定性勝利。

一是城鄉(xiāng)居民住房條件顯著改善。

我們堅(jiān)持把住房重建作為恢復(fù)重建的重中之重。震后一年，震損住房修復(fù)加固全面完成;震后一年半，農(nóng)村住房重建全部完成;震后兩年，城鎮(zhèn)住房重建基本完成?，F(xiàn)在，災(zāi)區(qū)群眾住房問題都得到了妥善解決。三省災(zāi)區(qū)一共維修加固農(nóng)村住房292萬戶、城鎮(zhèn)住房146萬套;重建農(nóng)村住房191萬戶、城鎮(zhèn)住房近29萬套。從這幾天考察的情況看，城鄉(xiāng)居民居住條件比震前顯著改善，住房布局更加合理，功能更加完備，配套服務(wù)更加齊全，既安全，又美觀，還經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用，不少農(nóng)民家里建起了上下水設(shè)施，用上了自來水，連生活方式都發(fā)生了根本性變化，老百姓發(fā)自內(nèi)心高興。

二是公共服務(wù)設(shè)施水平大幅度提升。

不僅損毀的學(xué)校、醫(yī)院得到全面恢復(fù)重建，還建成了一大批社會(huì)福利院、敬老院、社區(qū)服務(wù)中心、村民活動(dòng)中心等公共服務(wù)設(shè)施。學(xué)校、醫(yī)院等的抗震設(shè)防標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由7度提高到8度，建筑物更加堅(jiān)固安全，設(shè)施裝備也明顯改善。不少學(xué)校，比如北川中學(xué)，不僅有寬敞明亮的教室、干凈整潔的宿舍，還新建了實(shí)驗(yàn)室、圖書館、運(yùn)動(dòng)場，都達(dá)到相當(dāng)水平。災(zāi)區(qū)的公共服務(wù)能力顯著增強(qiáng)，基本公共服務(wù)均等化實(shí)現(xiàn)水平躍居西部地區(qū)前列。

三是基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施保障能力明顯提高。

交通、通信、能源、水利等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施功能全面恢復(fù)，一大批關(guān)系災(zāi)區(qū)長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展的重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項(xiàng)目相繼建成。生態(tài)逐步修復(fù)，環(huán)境治理力度加大，防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力增強(qiáng)。重點(diǎn)重建城鎮(zhèn)面貌煥然一新，村莊布局、村落規(guī)劃結(jié)束了散亂無序狀況。我們看到的城鎮(zhèn)、鄉(xiāng)村的居住點(diǎn)，不僅房子漂亮，有些建起了健身設(shè)施、文化設(shè)施。

四是產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展實(shí)現(xiàn)再生性跨越。

我們堅(jiān)持把產(chǎn)業(yè)恢復(fù)重建與轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式、調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)布局結(jié)合起來，災(zāi)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)浴火重生。震損企業(yè)全部恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)，東汽產(chǎn)能和銷售收入再創(chuàng)歷史新高。產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整優(yōu)化邁出重大步伐，淘汰了一批落后產(chǎn)能，建設(shè)了一批特色產(chǎn)業(yè)園區(qū)，形成了一批產(chǎn)業(yè)集群。農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)設(shè)施和農(nóng)業(yè)服務(wù)體系全面恢復(fù)，建成了一批特色農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)基地。災(zāi)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)明顯夯實(shí)，可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力得到提高，主要經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)超過震前水平，呈現(xiàn)良好的發(fā)展勢頭。

五是精神家園得到了同步重建。

地震不僅對災(zāi)區(qū)人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)帶來重大損失，而且給人們造成了巨大的心理創(chuàng)傷。在恢復(fù)重建過程中，我們實(shí)施心理康復(fù)工程，高度重視人文關(guān)懷?，F(xiàn)在看來，災(zāi)區(qū)干部群眾已經(jīng)逐漸走出了災(zāi)難的陰影，重新拾起生活信心，表現(xiàn)出不屈不撓、自強(qiáng)不息的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)毅力和樂觀向上、奮發(fā)進(jìn)取的精神風(fēng)貌。人們精神上的這種變化，更為寶貴，意義更為重大。

一位哲人說過，超越自然的奇跡，總是在對厄運(yùn)的征服中出現(xiàn)的。災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)，達(dá)到現(xiàn)在這樣的水平，可以說是創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)奇跡。有評論說，災(zāi)區(qū)最漂亮的是住房，最堅(jiān)固的是學(xué)校，最現(xiàn)代的是醫(yī)院，最滿意的是群眾。我看這個(gè)評價(jià)是符合實(shí)際的。

災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建的巨大成就，是各方面共同努力的結(jié)果。在此，我代表黨中央、國務(wù)院，向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)廣大干部群眾，向支援恢復(fù)重建的建設(shè)者，向關(guān)心支持恢復(fù)重建的全國各條戰(zhàn)線的干部群眾、各界人士、港澳臺(tái)同胞、海外華僑華人以及國際社會(huì)和國際友人，表示衷心的感謝!

汶川地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建的巨大成就，充分體現(xiàn)了社會(huì)主義制度的優(yōu)越性，集中展現(xiàn)了“一方有難、八方支援”的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)，再次彰顯了中華民族的凝聚力和向心力，必將進(jìn)一步激發(fā)全國人民的自信心和自豪感，把改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)事業(yè)繼續(xù)推向前進(jìn)。

二、認(rèn)真總結(jié)災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建的寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)

汶川特大地震是新中國成立以來遭受的破壞性最強(qiáng)、波及范圍最廣、災(zāi)害損失最大的一次地震災(zāi)害。在這么短的時(shí)間完成恢復(fù)重建任務(wù)，是我們戰(zhàn)勝自然災(zāi)害的又一偉大壯舉?；謴?fù)重建中有很多創(chuàng)新和探索，值得認(rèn)真總結(jié)。

第一，堅(jiān)持以人為本，把城鄉(xiāng)居民住房、學(xué)校、醫(yī)院重建放到優(yōu)先位置。

災(zāi)后我們以最快的速度，對居民住房建設(shè)進(jìn)行安排。對住房毀損無房可住的受災(zāi)群眾，中央財(cái)政按照城鎮(zhèn)居民每戶2.5萬元、農(nóng)村居民每戶1萬元的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)給予補(bǔ)助，地方財(cái)政也拿出資金進(jìn)行補(bǔ)助，再加上多方支持，在較短的時(shí)間內(nèi)使災(zāi)區(qū)群眾住上了放心房，解決了災(zāi)區(qū)群眾基本生活問題，穩(wěn)定了人心，保持了災(zāi)區(qū)的社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。地震中，學(xué)校、醫(yī)院損失很重。我們認(rèn)真吸取教訓(xùn)，提出要把學(xué)校、醫(yī)院等公共服務(wù)設(shè)施建成最安全、最牢固、群眾最放心的建筑，全面提高學(xué)校、醫(yī)院等公共服務(wù)設(shè)施的抗震設(shè)防標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。建筑設(shè)防標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的提高，不僅使學(xué)校更安全、家長更放心，而且為今后應(yīng)對災(zāi)害提供了重要避難場所，在這方面多花一些錢，是值得的。這兩年，我們還推廣汶川地震恢復(fù)重建的做法，在全國范圍實(shí)施了校舍安全工程。

第二，堅(jiān)持規(guī)劃先行，科學(xué)指導(dǎo)災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建。、災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建是一項(xiàng)關(guān)系災(zāi)區(qū)長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展和災(zāi)區(qū)群眾切身利益的龐大系統(tǒng)工程，必須以科學(xué)規(guī)劃為指導(dǎo)。震后11天，我們就啟動(dòng)了規(guī)劃的編制工作。我們集中各方智慧，通過深入調(diào)研、科學(xué)民-主決策，歷時(shí)3個(gè)多月，完成了恢復(fù)重建總體規(guī)劃和城鄉(xiāng)住房建設(shè)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)等10個(gè)專項(xiàng)規(guī)劃。規(guī)劃充分考慮了生態(tài)環(huán)境承載能力，注重處理恢復(fù)與提升、當(dāng)前與長遠(yuǎn)的關(guān)系。這些規(guī)劃涵蓋了重建工作的各個(gè)方面，成為指導(dǎo)恢復(fù)重建的綱領(lǐng)性文件，保障了恢復(fù)重建工作有力有序有效推進(jìn)。汶川特大地震也讓我們更加懂得尊重自然，敬畏自然，按自然規(guī)律辦事。在規(guī)劃制定和實(shí)施中，我們始終堅(jiān)持恢復(fù)重建與防災(zāi)減災(zāi)相結(jié)合。災(zāi)區(qū)居住點(diǎn)、公共設(shè)施以及重要基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)，堅(jiān)持科學(xué)選址，避開斷裂帶，避開地質(zhì)災(zāi)害隱患點(diǎn)，避開泄洪通道，工程建設(shè)堅(jiān)持高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)嚴(yán)要求，要能經(jīng)得起歷史的檢驗(yàn)。去年8月四川遭受特大山洪泥石流災(zāi)害，絕大多數(shù)地震災(zāi)區(qū)經(jīng)受住了考驗(yàn)。

第三，堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌兼顧，將恢復(fù)重建與促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展緊密結(jié)合。

災(zāi)區(qū)的恢復(fù)重建，不是簡單地恢復(fù)，而是要有提高。既考慮災(zāi)區(qū)原有的發(fā)展基儲(chǔ)資源稟賦，又充分利用重建提供的發(fā)展機(jī)遇，高起點(diǎn)、高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建設(shè)，高度重視產(chǎn)業(yè)升級、節(jié)能環(huán)保，努力促進(jìn)災(zāi)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。這次恢復(fù)重建使災(zāi)區(qū)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、人居條件都有較大改善。過去災(zāi)區(qū)很多城市沒有污水處理設(shè)施，市政設(shè)施很不健全，在重建中全面加強(qiáng)了供水、污水處理、能源供應(yīng)等公用設(shè)施建設(shè)。在災(zāi)區(qū)恢復(fù)重建中，還結(jié)合本地資源優(yōu)勢和特色，加快災(zāi)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、產(chǎn)業(yè)升級和布局優(yōu)化，為災(zāi)區(qū)長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展奠定了基矗

第四，堅(jiān)持舉全國之力，調(diào)動(dòng)社會(huì)各方面力量支援災(zāi)區(qū)重建。

對于汶川地震這樣的特大災(zāi)害，恢復(fù)重建僅靠災(zāi)區(qū)的力量是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。震后，我們及時(shí)提出舉全國之力，支持災(zāi)區(qū)恢復(fù)重建，迅速出臺(tái)了一系列政策措施。緊急調(diào)整當(dāng)年預(yù)算，中央財(cái)政建立地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建基金，同時(shí)還從財(cái)政支出、稅收優(yōu)惠、減免政府性基金和行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)、金融支持(增加再貸款額度)、產(chǎn)業(yè)扶持、土地和礦產(chǎn)資源、就業(yè)援助和社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)、糧食政策等很多方面對恢復(fù)重建進(jìn)行支持?；謴?fù)重建中，我們實(shí)施了對口支援，“一省幫一重災(zāi)縣”，19個(gè)援建省市3年共投入825億元。我們積極引導(dǎo)社會(huì)各界支持災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建，累計(jì)接受社會(huì)捐贈(zèng)資金和物資797億元(包括抗震救災(zāi))，接受特殊黨費(fèi)93億元，香港、澳門特區(qū)政府分別支持恢復(fù)重建100億港元和55億澳元。實(shí)踐證明，舉全國之力應(yīng)對巨災(zāi)，是災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建取得成功的重要保障。

第五，堅(jiān)持依靠群眾，充分發(fā)揮災(zāi)區(qū)群眾在恢復(fù)重建中的主體作用。

災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建，始終堅(jiān)持一切相信群眾，一切依靠群眾，充分發(fā)揮災(zāi)區(qū)廣大干部群眾的積極性、主動(dòng)性、創(chuàng)造性。規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)、重建選址、工程施工等各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，都堅(jiān)持廣泛聽取群眾意見，尊重群眾意愿，把群眾滿意不滿意作為重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。三年來，災(zāi)區(qū)群眾面對艱巨的重建任務(wù)和重重困難，不等不靠，自力更生，互幫互助，共建家園。群眾是災(zāi)區(qū)恢復(fù)重建最重要的力量，群眾的支持和擁護(hù)是恢復(fù)重建順利推進(jìn)最基本的保障。

第六，堅(jiān)持依法重建，注重災(zāi)害應(yīng)急管理和災(zāi)后重建的制度建設(shè)。

在恢復(fù)重建過程中，始終堅(jiān)持按照法律法規(guī)和制度辦事，做到政策公開，規(guī)劃公開，規(guī)范操作，透明運(yùn)行。我們制定了《汶川地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建條例》，這是我國首個(gè)地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建專門條例，頒布了《自然災(zāi)害救助條例》，修訂了《中華人民共和國防震減災(zāi)法》，還制定和完善了一大批救災(zāi)和災(zāi)后重建工作規(guī)范與管理辦法。比如，我們制定嚴(yán)格的工程質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，自始至終加強(qiáng)工程質(zhì)量監(jiān)管。我們制定抗震救災(zāi)和恢復(fù)重建資金物資管理辦法，加強(qiáng)審計(jì)、監(jiān)察工作。我們及時(shí)向社會(huì)公布資金物資使用、工程進(jìn)展等情況，使恢復(fù)重建全面接受群眾監(jiān)督。恢復(fù)重建4萬多個(gè)項(xiàng)目，上萬億元的投資，沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)重大違法違紀(jì)行為，實(shí)現(xiàn)了廉潔重建。工作中形成的統(tǒng)一高效的組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)體系、科學(xué)系統(tǒng)的規(guī)劃體系、全面細(xì)致的政策扶持體系和全方位的監(jiān)管體系，不僅保障了汶川地震應(yīng)急搶險(xiǎn)和恢復(fù)重建的順利推進(jìn)，而且對玉樹、舟曲救災(zāi)和恢復(fù)重建提供了有益經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對完善我國防災(zāi)減災(zāi)體系發(fā)揮了重要作用。

三、全面完成重建任務(wù)，加快提升災(zāi)區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力

災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建三年目標(biāo)任務(wù)已經(jīng)基本完成，但要實(shí)現(xiàn)發(fā)展振興，還有很長的路要走。要再接再厲，奮發(fā)圖強(qiáng)，鞏固災(zāi)后重建成果，不僅要讓群眾住上好房子，還要過上好日子，不斷提升自我發(fā)展能力，努力開創(chuàng)地震災(zāi)區(qū)發(fā)展振興的新局面。重點(diǎn)抓好以下幾個(gè)方面：

一要鞏固和發(fā)展恢復(fù)重建成果。

全面完成恢復(fù)重建規(guī)劃的各項(xiàng)任務(wù)，鞏固和發(fā)展恢復(fù)重建的成果，還有大量艱苦細(xì)致的工作要做。對于少數(shù)還沒有完成的重建任務(wù)，要督促落實(shí)責(zé)任，細(xì)化工作措施，倒排工程進(jìn)度，確保如期全面完成。要堅(jiān)持質(zhì)量第一、“好”字當(dāng)頭，進(jìn)度服從質(zhì)量。要落實(shí)重建工作監(jiān)管，抓緊開展規(guī)劃總體評估，強(qiáng)化審計(jì)、監(jiān)察和社會(huì)監(jiān)督，確保資金使用規(guī)范有序。對對口援建項(xiàng)目，尤其要做好掃尾、移交、協(xié)調(diào)和銜接服務(wù)工作，切實(shí)把建成的項(xiàng)目運(yùn)營好、維護(hù)好、管理好，使恢復(fù)重建的成果長期有效地服務(wù)人民。

二要加快提升災(zāi)區(qū)內(nèi)生發(fā)展動(dòng)力。

這幾年，災(zāi)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)主要得益于重建投資拉動(dòng)、政策扶持和對口支援幫扶，發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)不穩(wěn)固，特別是產(chǎn)業(yè)支撐能力還比較弱?！笆濉币?guī)劃和西部大開發(fā)新十年規(guī)劃，為災(zāi)區(qū)發(fā)展提供了新的機(jī)遇，要加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，面向未來、著眼長遠(yuǎn)，科學(xué)謀劃災(zāi)區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)振興。災(zāi)區(qū)一些地方在裝備制造、電子信息、生物醫(yī)藥、生態(tài)農(nóng)牧業(yè)、旅游文化產(chǎn)業(yè)等方面具有良好的發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)，要充分發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢，培育壯大特色優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)，推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級，促進(jìn)災(zāi)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)再上新的臺(tái)階。這幾年，災(zāi)區(qū)的旅游業(yè)發(fā)展勢頭很好，要突出自然、民族、文化特色，做好旅游業(yè)這篇大文章。要利用好對口援建的合作機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)與相關(guān)地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作，把承接產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移與發(fā)展壯大特色優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)合起來，促進(jìn)災(zāi)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)加快發(fā)展。

三要著力解決災(zāi)區(qū)群眾現(xiàn)實(shí)困難和長遠(yuǎn)生計(jì)。

要大力促進(jìn)就業(yè)。就業(yè)是民生之本。隨著災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建任務(wù)的完成，項(xiàng)目建設(shè)直接提供的就業(yè)崗位明顯減少，加上就業(yè)需求增加，災(zāi)區(qū)就業(yè)壓力進(jìn)一步增大。要把促進(jìn)就業(yè)作為災(zāi)區(qū)發(fā)展振興的優(yōu)先目標(biāo)，作為促進(jìn)災(zāi)區(qū)群眾收入穩(wěn)定增長的重大措施，千方百計(jì)解決好就業(yè)問題。災(zāi)區(qū)有20萬群眾失去耕地和宅基地，要搞好耕地調(diào)劑和土地整理復(fù)墾，妥善解決好土地問題，保證他們長期有地種、衣食足、有收入。要加大扶貧幫困力度。災(zāi)區(qū)因?yàn)?zāi)致貧、返貧多，“三孤”、傷殘人員比例大，農(nóng)戶建房負(fù)債較重，困難群眾面寬量大。要繼續(xù)抓好特殊困難群體幫扶工作，切實(shí)解決災(zāi)區(qū)群眾建房還貸、上學(xué)、就醫(yī)、再生育中遇到的困難，加大社會(huì)救助力度，廣泛開展助學(xué)助殘活動(dòng)，繼續(xù)做好心理撫慰和再生育服務(wù)工作。要加大扶貧開發(fā)投入，加強(qiáng)職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)，提高貧困人口素質(zhì)，增強(qiáng)貧困人口和貧困地區(qū)自我發(fā)展能力。要加快發(fā)展社會(huì)事業(yè)，加強(qiáng)社會(huì)管理。全面推進(jìn)災(zāi)區(qū)教育、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、文化、社會(huì)保障等各項(xiàng)社會(huì)事業(yè)發(fā)展，促進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化。特別是要大力發(fā)展災(zāi)區(qū)中等職業(yè)教育，實(shí)施特殊教育發(fā)展工程，支持康復(fù)機(jī)構(gòu)和設(shè)施建設(shè)，加快發(fā)展社會(huì)福利事業(yè)。要適應(yīng)災(zāi)區(qū)新情況、新變化，全面創(chuàng)新社會(huì)管理和服務(wù)，特別要加強(qiáng)基層工作，切實(shí)解決好群眾關(guān)心的問題。災(zāi)區(qū)新建了大批道路、交通、學(xué)校、醫(yī)院、文化場館、市政、社區(qū)服務(wù)等一流的公共設(shè)施，要加強(qiáng)管理和維護(hù)，有效發(fā)揮這些設(shè)施的功能和作用。要強(qiáng)化軟件方面的配套建設(shè)，培養(yǎng)和引進(jìn)專業(yè)技術(shù)和管理人才，建立和完善運(yùn)營管護(hù)長效機(jī)制，全面提升管理和服務(wù)能力。

第四篇：比爾蓋茨哈佛演講稿

President Bok, former President Rudenstine, incoming President Faust, members of the Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers, members of the faculty, parents, and especially, the graduates: I've been waiting more than 30 years to say this: “Dad, I always told you I'd come back and get my degree.”

I want to thank Harvard for this timely honor.I'll be changing my job next year…and it will be nice to finally have a college degree on my resume.I applaud the graduates today for taking a much more direct route to your degrees.For my part, I'm just happy that the Crimson has called me “Harvard's most successful dropout.” I guess that makes me valedictorian of my own special class…I did the best of everyone who failed.But I also want to be recognized as the guy who got Steve Ballmer to drop out of business school.I'm a bad influence.That's why I was invited to speak at your graduation.If I had spoken at your orientation, fewer of you might be here today.Harvard was just a phenomenal experience for me.Academic life was fascinating.I used to sit in on lots of classes I hadn't even signed up for.And dorm life was terrific.I lived up at Radcliffe, in Currier House.There were always lots of people in my dorm room late at night discussing things, because everyone knew I didn't worry about getting up in the morning.That's how I came to be the leader of the anti-social group.We clung to each other as a way of validating our rejection of all those social people.Radcliffe was a great place to live.There were more women up there, and most of the guys were science-math types.That combination offered me the best odds, if you know what I mean.This is Where I learned the sad lesson that improving your odds doesn't guarantee success.One of my biggest memories of Harvard came in January 1975, when I made a call From Currier House to a company in Albuquerque that had begun making the world's first personal computers.I offered to sell them software.I worried that they would realize I was just a student in a dorm and hang up on me.Instead they said: “We're not quite ready, come see us in a month,” which was a good thing, because we hadn't written the software yet.From that moment, I worked day and night on this little extra credit project that marked the end of my college education and the beginning of a remarkable journey with Microsoft.What I remember above all about Harvard was being in the midst of so much energy and intelligence.It could be exhilarating, intimidating, sometimes even discouraging, but always challenging.It was an amazing privilege…and though I left early, I was transformed by my years at Harvard, the friendships I made, and the ideas I worked on.But taking a serious look back…I do have one big regret.I left Harvard with no real awareness of the awful inequities in the world--the appalling disparities of health, and wealth, and opportunity that condemn millions of people to lives of despair.I left campus knowing little about the millions of young people cheated out of educational opportunities here in this country.And I knew nothing about the millions of people living in unspeakable poverty and disease in developing countries.It took me decades to find out.You graduates came to Harvard at a different time.You know more about the world's inequities than the classes that came before.In your years here, I hope you've had a chance to think about how--in this age of accelerating technology--we can finally take on these inequities, and we can solve them.Imagine, just for the sake of discussion, that you had a few hours a week and a few dollars a month to donate to a cause--and you wanted to spend that time and money Where it would have the greatest impact in saving and improving lives.Where would you spend it?

For Melinda and for me, the challenge is the same: how can we do the most good for the greatest number with the resources we have.During our discussions on this question, Melinda and I read an article about the millions of children who were dying every year in poor countries From diseases that we had long ago made harmless in this country.Measles, malaria, pneumonia, hepatitis B, yellow fever.One disease I had never even heard of, rotavirus, was killing half a million kids each year ? none of them in the United States.We were shocked.We had just assumed that if millions of children were dying and they could be saved, the world would make it a priority to discover and deliver the medicines to save them.But it did not.For under a dollar, there were interventions that could save lives that just weren't being delivered.If you believe that every life has equal value, it's revolting to learn that some lives are seen as worth saving and others are not.We said to ourselves: “This can't be true.But if it is true, it deserves to be the priority of our giving.””So we began our work in the same way anyone here would begin it.We asked: “How could the world let these children die?”

The answer is simple, and harsh.The market did not reward saving the lives of these children, and governments did not subsidize it.So the children died because their mothers and their fathers had no power in the market and no voice in the system.But you and I have both.We can make market forces work better for the poor if we can develop a more creative capitalism ? if we can stretch the reach of market forces so that more people can make a profit, or at least make a living, serving people who aresuffering From the worst inequities.We also can press governments around the world to spend taxpayer money in ways that better reflect the values of the people who pay the taxes.If we can find approaches that meet the needs of the poor in ways that generate profits for business and votes for politicians, we will have found a sustainable way to reduce inequity in the world.This task is open-ended.It can never be finished.But a conscious effort to answer this challenge will change the world.I am optimistic that we can do this, but I talk to skeptics who claim there is no hope.They say: “Inequity has been with us since the beginning, and will be with us till the end ? because people just…don't…care.” I completely disagree.I believe we have more caring than we know what to do with.All of us here in this Yard, at one time or another, have seen human tragedies that broke our hearts, and yet we did nothing--not because we didn't care, but because we didn't know what to do.If we had known how to help, we would have acted.The barrier to change is not too little caring;it is too much complexity.To turn caring into action, we need to see a problem, see a solution, and see the impact.But complexity blocks all three steps.If we can really see a problem, which is the first step, we come to the second step: cutting through the complexity to find a solution.Finding solutions is essential if we want to make the most of our caring.If we have clear and proven answers anytime an organization or individual asks “How can I help?,” then we can get action--and we can make sure that none of the caring in the world is wasted.But complexity makes it hard to mark a path ofaction for everyone who cares--and that makes it hard for their caring to matter.Cutting through complexity to find a solution runs through four predictable stages: determine a goal, find the highest-leverage approach, discover the ideal technology for that approach, and in the meantime, make the smartest application of the technology that you already have--whether it's something sophisticated, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bednet.The AIDS epidemic offers an example.The broad goal, of course, is to end the disease.The highest-leverage approach is prevention.The ideal technology would be a vaccine that gives lifetime immunity with a single dose.So governments, drug companies, and foundations fund vaccine research.But their work is likely to take more than a decade, so in the meantime, we have to work with what we have in hand--and the best prevention approach we have now is getting people to avoid risky behavior.Pursuing that goal starts the four-step cycle again.This is the pattern.The crucial thing is to never stop thinking and working--and never do what we did with malaria and tuberculosis in the 20th century--which is to surrender to complexity and quit.The final step--after seeing the problem and finding an approach--is to measure the impact of your work and share your successes and failures so that others learn From your efforts.You have to have the statistics, of course.You have to be able to show that a program is vaccinating millions more children.You have to be able to show a decline in the number of children dying From these diseases.This is essential not just to improve the program, but also to help draw more investment From business and government.But if you want to inspire people to participate, you have to show more thannumbers;you have to convey the human impact of the work ? so people can feel what saving a life means to the families affected.The defining and ongoing innovations of this age--biotechnology, the computer, the Internet--give us a chance we've never had before to end extreme poverty and end death From preventable disease.The emergence of low-cost personal computers gave rise to a powerful network that has transformed

opportunities

for

learning

and communicating.The magical thing about this network is not just that it collapses distance and makes everyone your neighbor.It also dramatically increases the number of brilliant minds we can have working together on the same problem--and that scales up the rate of innovation to a staggering degree.At the same time, for every person in the world who has access to this technology, five people don't.That means many creative minds are left out of this discussion--smart people with practical intelligence and relevant experience who don't have the technology to hone their talents or contribute their ideas to the world.We need as many people as possible to have access to this technology, because these advances are triggering a revolution in what human beings can do for one another.They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, corporations, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches, and measure the impact of their efforts to address the hunger, poverty, and desperation George Marshall spoke of 60 years ago.Members of the Harvard Family: Here in the Yard is one of the great collections of intellectual talent in the world.What for? There is no question that the faculty, the alumni, the students, and the benefactors of Harvard have used their power to improve the lives of people here and around the world.But can we do more? Can Harvard dedicate its intellect to improving the lives of people who will never even hear its name?

Let me make a request of the deans and the professors--the intellectual leaders here at Harvard: As you hire new faculty, award tenure, review curriculum, and determine degree requirements, please ask yourselves: Should our best minds be dedicated to solving our biggest problems? Should Harvard encourage its faculty to take on the world's worst inequities? Should Harvard students learn about the depth of global poverty…the prevalence of world hunger…the scarcity of clean water…the girls kept out of school…the children who die From diseases we can cure? Should the world's most privileged people learn about the lives of the world's least privileged?

These are not rhetorical questions--you will answer with your policies.When you consider what those of us here in this Yard have been given--in talent, privilege, and opportunity--there is almost no limit to what the world has a right to expect From us.In line with the promise of this age, I want to exhort each of the graduates here to take on an issue--a complex problem, a deep inequity, and become a specialist on it.If you make it the focus of your career, that would be phenomenal.But you don't have to do that to make an impact.For a few hours every week, you can use the growing power of the Internet to get informed, find others with the same interests, see the barriers, and find ways to cut through them.Don't let complexity stop you.Be activists.Take on the big inequities.It will be one of the great experiences of your lives.You graduates are coming of age in an amazing time.As you leave Harvard, you have technology that members of my class never had.You have awareness of global inequity, which we did not have.And with that awareness, you likely also have an informed conscience that will torment you if you abandon these people whose lives you could change with very little effort.You have more than we had;you must start sooner, and carry on longer.Knowing what you know, how could you not? And I hope you will come back here to Harvard 30 years From now and reflect on what you have done with your talent and your energy.I hope you will judge yourselves not on your professional accomplishments alone, but also on how well you have addressed the world's deepest inequities…on how well you treated people a world away who have nothing in common with you but their humanity.

第五篇：比爾蓋茨哈佛演講稿

idn’t care, but because we didn’t know what to do.if we had known how to help, we would have acted.此刻在這個(gè)院子里的所有人，生命中總有這樣或那樣的時(shí)刻，目睹人類的悲劇，感到萬分傷心。但是我們什么也沒做，并非我們無動(dòng)于衷，而是因?yàn)槲覀儾恢雷鍪裁春驮趺醋?。如果我們知道如何做是有效的，那么我們就?huì)采取行動(dòng)。

the barrier to change is not too little caring;it is too much complexity.改變世界的阻礙，并非人類的冷漠，而是世界實(shí)在太復(fù)雜。

to turn caring into action, we need to see a problem, see a solution, and see the impact.but complexity blocks all three steps.為了將關(guān)心轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾袆?dòng)，我們需要找到問題，發(fā)現(xiàn)解決辦法的方法，評估后果。但是世界的復(fù)雜性使得所有這些步驟都難于做到。

even with the advent of the internet and 24-hour news, it is still a complex enterprise to get people to truly see the problems.when an airplane crashes, officials immediately call a press conference.they promise to investigate, determine the cause, and prevent similar crashes in the future.即使有了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和24小時(shí)直播的新聞臺(tái)，讓人們真正發(fā)現(xiàn)問題所在，仍然十分困難。當(dāng)一架飛機(jī)墜毀了，官員們會(huì)立刻召開新聞發(fā)布會(huì)，他們承諾進(jìn)行調(diào)查、找到原因、防止將來再次發(fā)生類似事故。

but if the officials were brutally honest, they would say: “of all the people in the world who died today from preventable causes, one half of one percent of them were on this plane.we’re determined to do everything possible to solve the problem that took the lives of the one half of one percent.”

但是如果那些官員敢說真話，他們就會(huì)說：“在今天這一天，全世界所有可以避免的死亡之中，只有0.5%的死者來自于這次空難。我們決心盡一切努力，調(diào)查這個(gè)0.5%的死亡原因?！?/p>

the bigger problem is not the plane crash, but the millions of preventable deaths.顯然，更重要的問題不是這次空難，而是其他幾百萬可以預(yù)防的死亡事件。

we don’t read much about these deaths.the media covers what’s new – and millions of people dying is nothing new.so it stays in the background, where it’s easier to ignore.but even when we do see it or read about it, it’s difficult to keep our eyes on the problem.it’s hard to look at suffering if the situation is so complex that we don’t know how to help.and so we look away.我們并沒有很多機(jī)會(huì)了解那些死亡事件。媒體總是報(bào)告新聞，幾百萬人將要死去并非新聞。如果沒有人報(bào)道，那么這些事件就很容易被忽視。另一方面，即使 我們確實(shí)目睹了事件本身或者看到了相關(guān)報(bào)道，我們也很難持續(xù)關(guān)注這些事件?？粗耸芸嗍橇钊送纯嗟模螞r問題又如此復(fù)雜，我們根本不知道如何去幫助他 人。所以我們會(huì)將臉轉(zhuǎn)過去。

if we can really see a problem, which is the first step, we come to the second step: cutting through the complexity to find a solution.就算我們真正發(fā)現(xiàn)了問題所在，也不過是邁出了第一步，接著還有第二步：那就是從復(fù)雜的事件中找到解決辦法。

finding solutions is essential if we want to make the most of our caring.if we have clear and proven answers anytime an organization or individual asks “how can i help?,” then we can get action – and we can make sure that none of the caring in the world is wasted.but complexity makes it hard to mark a path of action for everyone who cares — and that makes it hard for their caring to matter.如果我們要讓關(guān)心落到實(shí)處，我們就必須找到解決辦法。如果我們有一個(gè)清晰的和可靠的答案，那么當(dāng)任何組織和個(gè)人發(fā)出疑問“如何我能提供幫助”的時(shí) 候，我們就能采取行動(dòng)。我們就能夠保證不浪費(fèi)一丁點(diǎn)全世界人類對他人的關(guān)心。但是，世界的復(fù)雜性使得很難找到對全世界每一個(gè)有愛心的人都有效的行動(dòng)方法，因此人類對他人的關(guān)心往往很難產(chǎn)生實(shí)際效果。

cutting through complexity to find a solution runs through four predictable stages: determine a goal, find the highest-leverage approach, discover the ideal technology for that approach, and in the meantime, make the smartest application of the technology that you already have — whether it’s something sophisticated, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bednet.從這個(gè)復(fù)雜的世界中找到解決辦法，可以分為四個(gè)步驟：確定目標(biāo)，找到最高效的方法，發(fā)現(xiàn)適用于這個(gè)方法的新技術(shù)，同時(shí)最聰明地利用現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)，不管它是復(fù)雜的藥物，還是最簡單的蚊帳。

the aids epidemic offers an example.the broad goal, of course, is to end the disease.the highest-leverage approach is prevention.the ideal technology would be a vaccine that gives lifetime immunity with a single dose.so governments, drug companies, and foundations fund vaccine research.but their work is likely to take more than a decade, so in the meantime, we have to work with what we have in hand – and the best prevention approach we have now is getting people to avoid risky behavior.艾滋病就是一個(gè)例子?？偟哪繕?biāo)，毫無疑問是消滅這種疾病。最高效的方法是預(yù)防。最理想的技術(shù)是發(fā)明一種疫苗，只要注射一次，就可以終生免疫。所以，政府、制藥公司、基金會(huì)應(yīng)該資助疫苗研究。但是，這樣研究工作很可能十年之內(nèi)都無法完成。因此，與此同時(shí)，我們必須使用現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)，目前最有效的預(yù)防方法 就是設(shè)法讓人們避免那些危險(xiǎn)的行為。

pursuing that goal starts the four-step cycle again.this is the pattern.the crucial thing is to never stop thinking and working – and never do what we did with malaria and tuberculosis in the 20th century – which is to surrender to complexity and quit.要實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)新的目標(biāo)，又可以采用新的四步循環(huán)。這是一種模式。關(guān)鍵的東西是永遠(yuǎn)不要停止思考和行動(dòng)。我們千萬不能再犯上個(gè)世紀(jì)在瘧疾和肺結(jié)核上犯過的錯(cuò)誤，那時(shí)我們因?yàn)樗鼈兲珡?fù)雜，而放棄了采取行動(dòng)。

the final step – after seeing the problem and finding an approach – is to measure the impact of your work and share your successes and failures so that others learn from your efforts.在發(fā)現(xiàn)問題和找到解決方法之后，就是最后一步——評估工作結(jié)果，將你的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)或者失敗經(jīng)驗(yàn)傳播出去，這樣其他人就可以從你的努力中有所收獲。

you have to have the statistics, of course.you have to be able to show that a program is vaccinating millions more children.you have to be able to show a decline in the number of children dying from these diseases.this is essential not just to improve the program, but also to help draw more investment from business and government.當(dāng)然，你必須有一些統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字。你必須讓他人知道，你的項(xiàng)目為幾百萬兒童新接種了疫苗。你也必須讓他人知道，兒童死亡人數(shù)下降了多少。這些都是很關(guān)鍵的，不僅有利于改善項(xiàng)目效果，也有利于從商界和政府得到更多的幫助。

but if you want to inspire people to participate, you have to show more than numbers;you have to convey the human impact of the work – so people can feel what saving a life means to the families affected.但是，這些還不夠，如果你想激勵(lì)其他人參加你的項(xiàng)目，你就必須拿出更多的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字；你必須展示你的項(xiàng)目的人性因素，這樣其他人就會(huì)感到拯救一個(gè)生命，對那些處在困境中的家庭到底意味著什么。

i remember going to davos some years back and sitting on a global health panel that was discussing ways to save millions of lives.millions!think of the thrill of saving just one person’s life – then multiply that by millions.… yet this was the most boring panel i’ve ever been on – ever.so boring even i couldn’t bear it.幾年前，我去瑞士達(dá)沃斯旁聽一個(gè)全球健康問題論壇，會(huì)議的內(nèi)容有關(guān)于如何拯救幾百萬條生命。天哪，是幾百萬！想一想吧，拯救一個(gè)人的生命已經(jīng)讓人何等激動(dòng)，現(xiàn)在你要把這種激動(dòng)再乘上幾百萬倍……但是，不幸的是，這是我參加過的最最乏味的論壇，乏味到我無法強(qiáng)迫自己聽下去。

what made that experience especially striking was that i had just come from an event where we were introducing version 13 of some piece of software, and we had people jumping and shouting with excitement.i love getting people excited about software – but why can’t we generate even more excitement for saving lives?

那次經(jīng)歷之所以讓我難忘，是因?yàn)橹拔覀儎倓偘l(fā)布了一個(gè)軟件的第13個(gè)版本，我們讓觀眾激動(dòng)得跳了起來，喊出了聲。我喜歡人們因?yàn)檐浖械郊?dòng)，那么我們?yōu)槭裁床荒軌蜃屓藗円驗(yàn)槟軌蛘壬械礁蛹?dòng)呢？

you can’t get people excited unless you can help them see and feel the impact.and how you do that – is a complex question.除非你能夠讓人們看到或者感受到行動(dòng)的影響力，否則你無法讓人們激動(dòng)。如何做到這一點(diǎn)，并不是一件簡單的事。

still, i’m optimistic.yes, inequity has been with us forever, but the new tools we have to cut through complexity have not been with us forever.they are new – they can help us make the most of our caring – and that’s why the future can be different from the past.同前面一樣，在這個(gè)問題上，我依然是樂觀的。不錯(cuò)，人類的不平等有史以來一直存在，但是那些能夠化繁為簡的新工具，卻是最近才出現(xiàn)的。這些新工具可以幫助我們，將人類的同情心發(fā)揮最大的作用，這就是為什么將來同過去是不一樣的。

the defining and ongoing innovations of this age – biotechnology, the computer, the internet – give us a chance we’ve never had before to end extreme poverty and end death from preventable disease.這個(gè)時(shí)代無時(shí)無刻不在涌現(xiàn)出新的革新——生物技術(shù)，計(jì)算機(jī)，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)——它們給了我們一個(gè)從未有過的機(jī)會(huì)，去終結(jié)那些極端的貧窮和非惡性疾病的死亡。

sixty years ago, george marshall came to this commencement and announced a plan to assist the nations of post-war europe.he said: “i think one difficulty is that the problem is one of such enormous complexity that the very mass of facts presented to the public by press and radio make it exceedingly difficult for the man in the street to reach a clear appraisement of the situation.it is virtually impossible at this distance to grasp at all the real significance of the situation.”

六十年前，喬治?馬歇爾也是在這個(gè)地方的畢業(yè)典禮上，宣布了一個(gè)計(jì)劃，幫助那些歐洲國家的戰(zhàn)后建設(shè)。他說：“我認(rèn)為，困難的一點(diǎn)是這個(gè)問題太復(fù)雜，報(bào)紙和電臺(tái)向公眾源源不斷地提供各種事實(shí)，使得大街上的普通人極端難于清晰地判斷形勢。事實(shí)上，經(jīng)過層層傳播，想要真正地把握形勢，是根本不可能的?！?/p>

thirty years after marshall made his address, as my class graduated without me, technology was emerging that would make the world smaller, more open, more visible, less distant.馬歇爾發(fā)表這個(gè)演講之后的三十年，我那一屆學(xué)生畢業(yè)，當(dāng)然我不在其中。那時(shí)，新技術(shù)剛剛開始萌芽，它們將使得這個(gè)世界變得更小、更開放、更容易看到、距離更近。

the emergence of low-cost personal computers gave rise to a powerful network that has transformed opportunities for learning and communicating.低成本的個(gè)人電腦的出現(xiàn)，使得一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)有機(jī)會(huì)誕生，它為學(xué)習(xí)和交流提供了巨大的機(jī)會(huì)。

the magical thing about this network is not just that it collapses distance and makes everyone your neighbor.it also dramatically increases the number of brilliant minds we can have working together on the same problem – and that scales up the rate of innovation to a staggering degree.網(wǎng)絡(luò)的神奇之處，不僅僅是它縮短了物理距離，使得天涯若比鄰。它還極大地增加了懷有共同想法的人們聚集在一起的機(jī)會(huì)，我們可以為了解決同一個(gè)問題，一起共同工作。這就大大加快了革新的進(jìn)程，發(fā)展速度簡直快得讓人震驚。

at the same time, for every person in the world who has access to this technology, five people don’t.that means many creative minds are left out of this discussion---smart people with practical intelligence and relevant experience who don’t have the technology to hone their talents or contribute their ideas to the world.與此同時(shí)，世界上有條件上網(wǎng)的人，只是全部人口的六分之一。這意味著，還有許多具有創(chuàng)造性的人們，沒有加入到我們的討論中來。那些有著實(shí)際的操作經(jīng)驗(yàn)和相關(guān)經(jīng)歷的聰明人，卻沒有技術(shù)來幫助他們，將他們的天賦或者想法與全世界分享。

we need as many people as possible to have access to this technology, because these advances are triggering a revolution in what human beings can do for one another.they are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, corporations, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches, and measure the impact of their efforts to address the hunger, poverty, and desperation george marshall spoke of 60 years ago.我們需要盡可能地讓更多的人有機(jī)會(huì)使用新技術(shù)，因?yàn)檫@些新技術(shù)正在引發(fā)一場革命，人類將因此可以互相幫助。新技術(shù)正在創(chuàng)造一種可能，不僅是政府，還 包括大學(xué)、公司、小機(jī)構(gòu)、甚至個(gè)人，能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)問題所在、能夠找到解決辦法、能夠評估他們努力的效果，去改變那些馬歇爾六十年前就說到過的問題——饑餓、貧 窮和絕望。

members of the harvard family: here in the yard is one of the great collections of intellectual talent in the world.