第一篇：名詞性從句用法講解與專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題及答案

名詞性從句用法講解與專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題及答案

名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。高考常從連接詞的選擇、語序、語氣、時(shí)態(tài)等方面來考查。名詞性從句中的連接詞有連詞that / whether / as if，連接代詞what / who/ which /whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，連接副詞where /when /why / how / wherever / whenever。

第1講 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞

考點(diǎn)1.引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞有哪些

有學(xué)生認(rèn)為，引導(dǎo)同位語從句只能用that, 這句話對(duì)嗎？先看下面幾個(gè)句子。① I have no question that he will come.② I have a question whether he will come ③ I have a question when he will come.我們可以看出：上面三個(gè)句子中question后面都是同位語從句，都是說明question的內(nèi)容的。

在句①中，同位語從句的原句是陳述句，由that引導(dǎo)； 在句②中，原句是一般疑問句，由whether引導(dǎo)；

在句③中，同位語從句的原句是特殊疑問句，特殊疑問詞也起著連接作用。其實(shí)，所有名詞性從句的連接詞都有上面的三種情況。賓語從句：

I don’t know that he will come.I don’t know whether/if he will come.I don’t know when he will come.表語從句：

What I don’t know is that he will come.What I don’t know is whether he will come.What I don’t know is when he will come.主語從句

That he will come is obvious.Whether he will come isn’t known yet.When he will come isn’t known yet.1.【2010浙江】It is uncertain ______ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.A.that B.what C.how D.whether 2.【2012全國新課標(biāo)】It is by no means clear ______ the president can do to end the strike.A.how B.which C.that D.what 3.【2012山東】It doesn’t matter ______ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A.how B.whether C.what D.why 4.【2013陜西】It remains to be seen ______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.A.that B.which C.what D.whether 5.【2009天津】It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.A.as B.which C.whether D.that

6.【2012江西】It suddenly occurred to him ______ he had left his keys in the office.A.whether B.where C.which D.that 考點(diǎn)2.引導(dǎo)詞that的省略問題

主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中連詞that不能省略。That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem is that we don’t have enough money.She expressed her hope that they would come to China one day.只有賓語從句中的連接詞that可省略，但在以下幾種情況中that也不能省略：

A.當(dāng)that從句和主句謂語動(dòng)詞之間有插入詞語或者從句主語之間有插入語時(shí)，that不可省略。

He judged that, because he was a child, he did not understand.B.當(dāng)兩個(gè)名詞性從句并列作賓語時(shí)，后面的that不能省。Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.C.當(dāng)that作介詞賓語時(shí)，that不可省掉。

The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.7.______ we need more practice is quite clear.A.When B.What C.That D./ 8.______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A.What B.That C.This D.Which 9.【2010上?！縊ne reason for her preference for city life is ______ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A.that B.how C.what D.why 10.The reason why I didn’t go to Shanghai was ______ a new job.A.because I got B.because of getting

C.I got D.that I got 11.【2011全國I】The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house.A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen 12.Having checked the doors were closed, and ______ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A.why B.that C.when D.where 13.I know nothing about the young lady—______ she is from Beijing.A.except B.except for C.except that D.besides 14.Human beings are different from animals ___ they can use language as a tool to communicate.A.for that B.in that C.in which D.for which(如果不理解本題，可以參看P.151考點(diǎn)5)考點(diǎn)3.whether 與if引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)的區(qū)別 A.在主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中只能用whether,不能用if。Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.The question is whether they have so much money.We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.B.在賓語從句中whether和if可以互換，但： i.作介詞賓語時(shí)連接詞一般用whether。如： It all depends on whether they will come back.ii.后面直接跟or not 時(shí)用whether。如：

I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.C.whether也可與動(dòng)詞不定式連用，但if不能。I have not decided whether to go or not.D.whether常與or連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用：

The question of whether they are male or female is not important.E.whether可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語從句表示“不管”、“無論”，而if不能。如： Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.F.discuss后通常用whether。

15.______ you can succeed in the end will mainly depend on ______ you do and ______ you do it.A.If;what;why B.Whether;what;how C.Whether;how;why D.That;whether;how 16.【2009上?！縄t is not immediately clear ______ the financial crisis will soon be over.A.since B.what C.when D.whether 17.They discussed ______ they could settle the problem without others’ help.A.if B.that C.what D.whether 18.What the doctor is uncertain about is ______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A.when B.how C.whether D.why 19.Mr.Hopkins has not yet answered my question ______ I can go with him to ______ he calls the Underground Treasure House next week.A.that;which B.that;where C.whether;that D.whether;what 20.I have no idea ______ or not he has finished the work.A.if B.that C.whether D.which 考點(diǎn)4.question 與doubt 后跟同位語從句時(shí)的連接詞問題

doubt，question用于肯定結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，后面用whether引導(dǎo)名詞性從句；用于否定結(jié)構(gòu)或疑問結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，后面用that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。be sure 用于肯定句或疑問句時(shí)，后接that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句；用于否定句時(shí)，后接whether/ if引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。21.I have no question ______ he will succeed.A.whether B.that C.when D.how 22.Then I had a question ______ a spore（孢子）could quickly get around and form mould(霉菌).A.why B.that C.that how D.if 23.The question came up at the meeting ______ we had enough money for our research.A.that B.what C.which D.whether 24.I don’t doubt ______ he’ll come.A.that B.if C.what D.whether 25.After three days’ waiting, there was a little doubt in the mother’s mind ______ the police could find her lost child.A.how B.that C.where D.whether 考點(diǎn)5.名詞性從句是復(fù)合句時(shí)，不要忘了帶that(雙連接詞)改錯(cuò): ① The question was that whether he could get a job at the center.② You have no idea that how busy we were those days.③ It is well known what a person eats causes changes in the body.答案及解析：

①去掉that,。后面whether本身就起著連接作用。

②去掉that。who, how, when, what等本身就有兩個(gè)作用：作從句的成分；起連接作用。③在what前面加that。what只是把主語從句的兩個(gè)分句連接起來，但其作為一個(gè)整體來作主語從句時(shí)還需要用that引導(dǎo)。

26.Father made a promise ______ I passed the exam he would buy me a bike.A.that B.that if C.if D.whether 27.It was true ______ she did delighted every one of us.A.that B.what C.that what D.that which 28.Some language experts think ______ we learn language in the same way ______ we learn other things, and ______ we’re born with is a general ability to learn and adapt.A./;/;that what B.that;which;what C./;that;what that D.that;in which;that 29.She often thinks of ______ she can do more for her motherland.A.what B.how C.that D.that how 30.At that time I had no idea ______ I could hand it to him without being seen.A.if B.how C.which D.that how

I.單句改錯(cuò)

1.【2005重慶】One may not agree to the examination system, but at present it is basically the only measure that the teacher and the rest of the world can depend on to decide if or not each of us meets the requirement.2.If you come or not is up to you.3.I have no idea if he will come tomorrow.4.My suggestion is we go by bus instead of by train.5.Athletes are awarded some money is reasonable.6.Everyone knows the fact Taiwan belongs to China.7.He told me he had got used to the life there and he was making progress.8.That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill.II.語法填空（每空至多填三詞）

9.It’s uncertain ______ he will do tomorrow.10.______ is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two countries are making progress.11.______ talks between the two countries are making progress is reported in the newspaper.12.____ is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two countries are making progress.13._____ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.14.There is no doubt ______ my friend was not important to them all.III.寫作技能提升

15.【2006上?！恳槐緯欠駮充N取決于諸多因素。(Whether...)16.他的成功是因?yàn)樗麨楸荣愖髁顺浞值臏?zhǔn)備。（his success, lie in the fact, be well prepared）17.他近來沒有盡最大努力，我們都很清楚。（do one’s best, recently, be obvious to）18.我反對(duì)這個(gè)工程的原因是，它花費(fèi)太多的錢，而這些錢應(yīng)當(dāng)用來提高當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊纳钏?。（the reason why ?is that, to improve the lives of the local people）19.使我們這個(gè)學(xué)校特別的是，她的大多數(shù)畢業(yè)生都被名校錄取。（make ?special, graduate, be admitted to, famous colleges）

20.在我看來，這個(gè)公寓很完美，除去窗戶稍微有點(diǎn)小外。（personally, perfect, except that）21.從你們發(fā)布在網(wǎng)站的廣告我知道，你們學(xué)校發(fā)展很快，你們想要聘用能說一口流利英語的人。(advertisement/ad, post, website, develop, rapidly, employ, fluently)22.【2011湖北】他突然想到，第二天上午他有重要的會(huì)議要參加。（occur to, conference）23.【2014上海】將來過怎樣的生活取決于你自己。(up to)24.毫無疑問，玩電腦游戲過多對(duì)他們的健康有害，對(duì)他們的學(xué)習(xí)有負(fù)面影響。（there is no doubt, be harmful to, have a negative effect on）

25.我相信有志者事竟成，成功屬于做出不斷努力的人。

第2講 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別(參看P.137第8講)

第3講 what, when, where, how, why等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句

考點(diǎn)1.what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 that和what的區(qū)別：

that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在主從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，也沒有任何含義；而what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在主從句中都要充當(dāng)一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定語從句中的“先行詞 + 關(guān)系代詞”即常說的“先行詞 + that”。what從句，在功能上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞，常譯作“??的事/話/地方/時(shí)間/??”，可以作主語、賓語、表語和同位語。1.A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.A.that B.where C.what D.which 2.What a different man he is ______ he was four years ago.A.from what B.with what C.from whom D.by whom 3.【2014江蘇】—What a mess!You are always so lazy!—I’m not to blame, mum.I am ______ you have made me.A.how B.what C.that D.who 4.The city is no longer ______.A.what it is B.that it used to be C.which it was D.what it used to be 5.Our school is no longer ______ it was 10 years ago, ______ it was not well equipped.A.what;which B.that;which

C.what;when D.that;where 6.After ______ seemed like hours, he came out with a bitter smile.A.which B.it C.what D.that

7.The teacher returned after ______ seemed to be a long time.A.it B.that C.what D.when 8.I was close to being killed the other day.A car passed me at ______ I thought was a dangerous speed.A.as B.which C.what D.that 9.Generally speaking, ______ we have seen seems more believable than ______ we have been told.A.what;that B.what;what C.that;what D.that;that 10.【2011四川】Our teachers always tell us to believe in ______ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A.why B.how C.what D.which 11.I think that this meal was well worth ______ was charged for it.A.that B.what C.which D.how many 12.The shopkeeper didn’t want to sell for ______ he thought was not enough.A.how B.after C.what D.when 13.Output is now six times ______ it was before liberation.A.that B.which C.what D.of which 14.Mr.Smith told me ______ he was doing was important.A.that B.why C.what that D.why what 15.【2013新課標(biāo)I】Police have found ______ appears to be the lost ancient statue.A.which B.where C.how D.what 考點(diǎn)2.when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 why，??的原因；when，??的時(shí)間； how，??的方法；where，??的地方

16.—Do you think it a must for me to try to do everything for my children? —No, that’s ______ you’re mistaken;they should do everything on their own.A.where B.when C.what D.that 17.【2010江蘇】—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.—That’s ______ I don’t agree.You should have a more active life.A.where B.how C.when D.what 18.Is this ______ we met each other two years ago? A.place B.place in which

C.where D.place which 19.Go and get your coat.It’s ______ you left it.A.there B.where C.there where

D.where there 20.【2010全國2】— Have you finished the book? —No, I’ve read up to ______ the children discover the secret cave.A.which B.what C.that D.where 21.【2011山東】 I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.A.that B.when C.where D.why 22.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that ______ you had a few days off? A.why B.when C.what D.where 23.【2015北京】______we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.A.Where B.How C.Why D.When 24.【2008天津】The last time we had great fun was ______ we were visiting the Water Park.A.where B.how C.when D.why

考點(diǎn)3.when表示“??時(shí)候的事情”

25.I remember ______ this used to be a quiet place.A.when B.how C.that D.if 26.I remember ______ we had our lessons in a shed(小棚子).A.when B.which C.where D.what 考點(diǎn)4.感嘆句作名詞性從句

27.The travelers drank up ______ little water there was in the bottles.A.how B.which C.what D.that 28.Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she’s now buying a big house.Carol: Yes.Because she’s always saved ______.A.what little she earns B.how little she earns C.for little she earns D.with little she earns 29.Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children’s future.A.that B.how C.such D.so 30.【2011北京】The shocking news made me realize ______ terrible problems we would face.A.what B.how C.that D.why

I.單句改錯(cuò)

1.【2010全國Ⅰ】So if they had said was true, I would have a chance of winning the prize.2.【2005江蘇】Leaving him at home all day, we would return at night to hear that he’d picked up from the radio in the day.3.That he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.4.They do these is because they want to earn some money.(兩處錯(cuò)誤)II.語法填空（每空至多填三詞）

5.【2014上?！縋erhaps ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind.I just did as she had expected.6.【2014山東】It is difficult for us to imagine______ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.7.Mr.Hopkins has not yet answered my question whether I can go with him to ______ he calls the Underground Treasure House next week.8.【2015上?！縚_____ makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to cope with problems in real life.III.寫作技能提升

9.近幾年，我們的學(xué)校發(fā)生了很大的變化，已不再是過去的樣子了。（great changes, take place, what it used to be）

10.【2012湖北】事情往往不是它們看上去的那樣。(appear)11.她變化很大，看起來與過去不同了。（change, look different from）12.過了數(shù)小時(shí)的樣子，他蘇醒過來了。（what seemed like hours, come to oneself）13.如果我們想成功，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)相信我們做的事情，相信我們自己。（succeed, believe in what we do, who we are）

14.與我期望的相反，我的英語考試又一次不及格。（contrary to, expect, fail, a second time.）15.我們得不到的似乎總比我們擁有的好。（seem better than）

16.【2008湖北】由于科技的快速發(fā)展，我很難想象我的家鄉(xiāng)十年后會(huì)是什么樣子。（with, can’t imagine）

17.你很難想象我在學(xué)英語中遇到多么大的困難。（you can’t imagine, have difficulty in doing something）

18.我的家鄉(xiāng)與過去有多么大的不同啊?。╤ow different, my hometown, what it used to be）

第4講 whatever, whoever, whichever與whenever, wherever, however

“連接詞 + ever”可分為兩類： “連接代詞 + ever”： whatever / whichever /

whoever（賓格 whomever）“連接副詞 + ever”： wherever / whenever / however 不論是“連接代詞 + ever”還是“連接副詞 + ever ”，其意義都是“不管 / 無論 + 該連接詞的本義”。

考點(diǎn)1.“連接代詞 + ever”既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句又可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語性從句 A.引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，既作主句成分又作從句成分。

Whoever smokes here will be punished.（whoever引導(dǎo)主語從句，在主句和從句中都作主語）Beggars will eat whatever they are given.（whatever引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在主句和從句中都作賓語）

Whichever he likes will be given to him.（whichever引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中作賓語，在主句中作主語）

引導(dǎo)名詞性從句不能換為no matter+連接代詞。Whatever you say is of no use now.√ No matter what you say is of no use now.× 1.I don’t believe ______ he says now.He is a cheat.A.no matter what B.everything C.whatever D.how 2.______ comes to the party will receive a gift.A.No matter who B.Who C.Which one D.Whoever B.引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，可換為no matter+連接代詞； Whatever happened，he wouldn’t say a word.= No matter what happened, he wouldn’t say a word.3.Do ______ you think is right, ______ difficulties you may have.A.what;however B.that;whatever C.whatever;whoever D.what;whatever 4.She liked the ancient Chinese vase so much that she would like to take it, ______ it cost.A.how much B.what

C.no matter what D.how expensive 5.【2011重慶】To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ______ we are to shake hands with.A.whichever B.whenever C.whoever D.wherever 考點(diǎn)2.“連接副詞 +ever ”：只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，可以替換為“ no matter + where / when /how ”

Wherever he goes(may go)，I’ll follow him.= No matter where he goes(may go), I’ll follow him.無論他去哪里，我都會(huì)跟隨他。

Whenever I visited him, he was always busy working.= No matter when I visited him, he was always busy working.無論我什么時(shí)候去看他，他總是在忙于工作。

6.【2013山東】_______ I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.A.Whatever B.Whenever C.Whoever D.However 7.No matter ______ hard it may be, I will carry it out.A.what B.whatever C.how D.however 8.If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ______ great it is.A.how B.what C.however D.whatever 9.【2010上海】______ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A.However a serious problem B.What a serious problem C.However serious a problem D.What serious a problem 考點(diǎn)3.“連接代詞+ever ”和“連接副詞+ever ” 都可用于加強(qiáng)語氣 與原疑問詞的意思、用法完全相同，只是表達(dá)的語氣更為強(qiáng)烈，翻譯時(shí)可加上“到底；究竟”等。如：

Which(ever)do you want to buy ？

你(究竟)要買哪一個(gè)？

When(ever)can I enjoy a long vacation？

(究竟)什么時(shí)候才能給我放個(gè)長假呢？ How(ever)did you collect so much money？

你(到底)是怎樣籌到這么多錢的？ 注意：這種強(qiáng)調(diào)的特殊疑問句往往是簡單句。如： It was a matter of ______ would take the position.A.who

B.whoever C.whom

D.whomever 答案與解析：一些同學(xué)可能選B，理解為“這是一個(gè)有關(guān)到底誰將取得這個(gè)職位的問題”。但whoever這類詞用于強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，往往是簡單句。所以選A。

考點(diǎn)4.whatever與however引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可省去連系動(dòng)詞 whatever省略后面的系動(dòng)詞be, however 省略后面的主語和系動(dòng)詞。The old tower must be restored, whatever the cost.(cost后省略了is)In our company, every body is well taken care of, no matter what his position(is).在我們公司，每人都得到很好照顧，不管他地位如何。I refuse, however favorable the conditions.不管條件如何有利，我都不干。(conditions后省去了are)I’d rather have a room of my own, however small(it is), than share a room.無論房間多么小，我寧愿一個(gè)人住一間，也不愿意與別人合住一個(gè)房間。10.______ reason, you should not have refused his invitation.A.However B.What

C.Whatever D.No matter 11.【2008全國I】The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ______ the season.A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however 12.【2005浙江】The old tower must be saved, ______ the cost.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever 考點(diǎn)5.不管是引導(dǎo)名詞性從句還是讓步狀語從句，從句都用陳述語序（從句一般都用陳述語序。參看P.186考點(diǎn)8）

13.______, his wife will stand at the gate to wait for him to come back.A.However he is late B.However is he late C.However late he is D.However late is he 14.【2007上海春】______ tomorrow, our ship will set sail for Macao.A.However the weather is like B.However is the weather like C.Whatever is the weather like D.Whatever the weather is like 考點(diǎn)6.讓步狀語從句也遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”規(guī)則(參看P.94)注意：這類從句中應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，從句中也常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 may / might。Whichever dictionary you（may）take, you will have to pay at least 20 dollars.Whenever he comes back, he will never escape being punished.考點(diǎn)7.其他考點(diǎn)

A.whatever與whichever 如果句中明確指出選擇對(duì)象時(shí)，用whichever, 否則用whatever 15.【2012遼寧】The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ______ he could find about Mark Twain.A.wherever B.however C.whatever D.whichever 16.【2009湖南】She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do ______ it takes to save her life.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whoever 17.【2012 陜西】As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ______ suits you best.A whatever B.whichever C.whenever D.wherever 18.【2013江西】______ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.A.Whoever B.Whatever C.Whichever D.Wherever B.whoever與whomever 這兩個(gè)詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，既可作主句成分，又可作從句成分。用主格（whoever）還是賓格（whomever）關(guān)鍵是要看在從句中作什么成分（在現(xiàn)代英語中，常用 whoever 代替whomever）。如：

This prize will be awarded to whoever runs fastest.(whoever雖然在主句中作賓語，但在從句中作主語，看在從句中作的成分，因此要用whoever, 而不用whomever)19.【2012福建】We promise ______ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A.who B.whom C.whoever D.whomever 20.【2010重慶】To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions _______ had used the products.A.whoever B.who C.whichever D.which 21.【2009全國I】Could I speak to ______ is in charge of International Sales please? A.who B.what C.whoever D.whatever C.however much work 雖然much work是名詞短語，但however修飾的是much, 而不是work, 因此用however, 不用whatever。22.【2004湖北】You should try to get a good night’s sleep ______ much work you have to do.A.however B.no matter C.although D.whatever

23.【2006陜西】This is a very interesting book.I’ll buy it, ______.A.how much may it cost B.no matter how it may cost C.however much it may cost D.how may it cost

I.單句改錯(cuò)

1.You can choose whatever book you like among these.2.You can ask whomever is good at it to help you.3.No matter who gets a gold medal will get a bonus.II.語法填空（每空至多填三詞）

4.【2008浙江】______ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.5.We shall defend our city, ______ the cost.III.寫作技能提升

6.我們必須盡一切努力來保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境。（whatever）7.無論什么原因，你都不應(yīng)當(dāng)頂撞你的父母親。（contradict your parents）8.無論誰想成功，都必須盡最大努力。（whoever, succeed, do one’s best）9.如果我們有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志，我們就能戰(zhàn)勝任何困難，不管它多么大。（work with a strong will, overcome any difficulty）

10.無論我回來多么晚，母親總是在那里等我。（however late, always）11.【2014湖北】任何人提供有用信息幫助抓住劫匪，警方將予以獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。12.【2011上?！咳绻苷业饺魏芜m合你的學(xué)習(xí)方法，你的學(xué)習(xí)效率就可能明顯提高。(whatever)13.【2007上海】無論風(fēng)多大、雨多急，警察一直堅(jiān)守在崗位上。（no matter?）

第5講 間直引語（賓語從句）

直接引用別人的原話，兩邊用引號(hào)“

”標(biāo)出，叫做直接引語；用自己的語言轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，不需要引號(hào)這叫做間接引語。實(shí)際上間接引語大都是賓語從句。考點(diǎn)1.時(shí)態(tài)變化問題

A.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)，從句仍用原時(shí)態(tài)。He says, “I like English best.”

→He says that he likes English best.I will tell him, “I have got rid of the book.” →I will tell him that I have got rid of the book.B.主句是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。改錯(cuò)：

① He said he enjoys reading English novels.② He said the girl is doing some washing.③ He told me that he has never been there before.④ He told me that he will never forgive me.答案與解析：

① enjoys → enjoyed

② is → was ③ has → had

④ will → would 一般的規(guī)律是：

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) →

一般過去時(shí)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) →

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) →

過去完成時(shí)

一般將來時(shí) →

過去將來時(shí)

一般過去時(shí) →

過去完成時(shí)

過去完成時(shí) →

不變

過去進(jìn)行時(shí) →

不變

C.當(dāng)直接引語是客觀真理或諺語時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)不需變化。Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.He said that practice makes perfect.D.直接引語部分帶有具體的過去時(shí)間狀語時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)也不需變。He told us that he went to college in 1994.He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school.1.He said that he ______ for Shanghai the next day.A.will leave B.has left C.would leave D.had left

2.I never dreamed I ______ here discussing state affairs with the other deputies.A.will be sitting B.would be sitting

C.will have been sitting D.would have been sitting 3.【2012山東】The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers ______.A.will leave B.are leaving

C.have left D.were leaving 4.Darwin proved that natural selection ______ the chief factor in the development of species.A.has been B.had been C.is D.was

考點(diǎn)2.賓語從句中的連詞問題（參看P.141）考點(diǎn)3.祈使句的間接引語 用帶to的不定式表達(dá)，謂語動(dòng)詞常是ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。如：ask sb.to do sth.He said, “Be seated, please.”

→ He asked us to be seated.考點(diǎn)4.賓語從句要用陳述語序

在名詞性從句中一律用陳述句的語序。

（從句都是用陳述語序。參看P.186考點(diǎn)8）

注意：What’s the trouble? 和 What’s the matter?本身就是陳述語序。

5.Henry killed the dog.I’ll ask him why ______.A.did he do that B.he did that

C.he did D.he has done so 6.He asked me ______ with me.A.what is the trouble B.what wrong was C.what was the matter D.what trouble it is 7.Excuse me, would you please tell me ______? A.when the sports meet is taken place B.when is the sports meet going to be held C.when is the sports meet to begin

D.when the sports meet is to take place 8.Do you know ______? A.how many populations there are in the world B.how much population there is in the world C.how many the population of the world is D.what the population of the world is 9.—______?

—I think he is Charles.A.Who do you think he is

B.Do you think who he is C.Whom do you think he is D.Do you think who is he 10.【2010上?！縒hen changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know ______.A.he is entering which lane B.which lane he is entering C.is he entering which lane D.which lane is he entering 考點(diǎn)5.幾個(gè)時(shí)間狀語的變化 now →then

today → that day

yesterday → the day before

last week → the week before

tomorrow → the next(following)day

next year → the next year two days ago→ two days before

注意：

next和ago都是以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)，the next和before是以過去為起點(diǎn)。因此，如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，后面的賓語從句一般要用the next和before。He said, “I will return next week.”

→ He said he would return the next week.He said, “I returned your book three days ago.”

→ He said he had returned my book three days before.I.單句改錯(cuò)

1.【2014新課標(biāo)Ⅰ】Nearly five years before, and with the help of our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden.2.My father said Mother had gone to Beijing a week ago.3.【2004全國Ⅳ】I' m very glad to hear you are coming to visit me the next Friday.4.He asked me that where I lived.5.Our teacher said he has never seen such a good student.6.They said they are strongly against the idea.7.【2009浙江】I stood there and couldn’t believe that a complete stranger is so thoughtful.II.語法填空（每空至多填三詞）

把下列直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語（每空1詞）8.“Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______.9.She said to us,“ I’ll come here tomorrow.”

She told us that she ______ go there _____ ______ _____.10.“We are going to study in Australia next month.” they said.They said they ______ going to study in Australia ______ ______ month.11..“I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______.12.“I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he ______ bought the house 10 years ______.13.They said, “We planted the tree last year.”

They said that they had planted the tree the year ______.14.“I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me.He told me that he ______ ______ my wallet.15.“You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I ______ to go there before five.16.My father said, “Practice makes perfect.” My father said that practice ______ perfect.17.He said to me, “I was born in 1978.He told me that he ______ born in 1978.III.寫作技能提升

18.但是，其余的持相反觀點(diǎn)。他們說短期的訓(xùn)練在增強(qiáng)他們的體質(zhì)、鍛煉他們的意志上效果不好。（hold, say, training, work well, build up, strengthen one’s will）19.他們爭論到，做太多的作業(yè)對(duì)學(xué)生的身心健康有害。（argue, be harmful to）20.我想知道我什么時(shí)候報(bào)名，費(fèi)用多少。（sign up）

21.答案

第一章 名詞性從句

第1講 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞

1.B 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.D 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.B 16.D 17.D 18.C 19.D 20.C 21.B 22.A 23.D 24.A 25.D 26.B 27.C 28.A 29.B 30.B

26.if改為whether；后面緊跟or not時(shí)，只能用whether。27.if改為whether；主語從句只能用whether。28.if改為whether；同位語從句只能用whether。29.在we前加that；引導(dǎo)表語從句的that不能省略。

30.在句首加that, Athletes變小寫；引導(dǎo)主語從句的that不能省略。31.在Taiwan前加that；引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that不能省略。

32.and后加that；并列的第二個(gè)賓語從句前的連接詞that不能省略。33.去掉That, why改為大寫；why本身就起連接作用。

34.what；do是及物動(dòng)詞要跟賓語,what本身也起連接作用。35.It；后面that從句是形式主語。

36.That；主語從句有that引導(dǎo)，且不能省略。37.What；報(bào)紙上被報(bào)道的事情是。

38.As；as是關(guān)系代詞，起連接作用，作主語，意為“正如”。39.that；在否定句中，要用that。

40.Whether a book sells well depends on many/various factors.41.His success lies in the fact that he was well prepared for the exam.42.That he hasn’t been doing his best recently is obvious to us all.43.The reason why I am against the project is that it will cost too much money, which should be used to improve the lives of local people.44.What makes our school special is that most of its graduates are admitted to famous colleges.45.Personally, the apartment is perfect except that its windows are a bit too small.46.From the ad you post on the website, I know that your school is developing rapidly and that you want to employ someone who can speak English fluently.47.It occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.48.It's up to you what kind of life you will lead in the future.49.There is no doubt that playing computer games too much is harmful to their health and has a negative effect on their studies.50.I believe that where there is a will there is a way, and that success belongs to those who make constant efforts.第3講 what, where, when, how, why等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句

1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.C 14.D 15.D 16.A 17.A 18.C 19.B 20.D 21.D 22.A 23.B 24.C 25.A 26.A 27.C 28.A 29.B 30.A

1.they前加what；強(qiáng)調(diào)說的內(nèi)容。

2.that改為what；what he’d picked up他學(xué)到的東西。3.That改為What；what he referred to他提到的事情。

4.句首加Why，They改小寫，because改為that。表語從句用that引導(dǎo)。5.what；我母親告訴我的話。

6.what；what was life like生活是什么樣子。

7.what；他稱作the Underground Treasure House的地方。8.What；使這個(gè)游戲的獨(dú)特之處。

9.In the past few years, great changes have taken place in our school and it is no longer what it used to be.10.Things aren’t always what they appear(to be).11.She had changed a lot and looked different from what she used to be.12.After what seemed like hours, he came to himself.13.We should believe in what we do and who we are if we are to succeed.14.Contrary to what I had expected, I failed my English for a second time.15.What we can’t get seems better than what we have.16.With the rapid development of science and technology, I can't imagine what my hometown will be like in ten years.17.You can’t imagine what difficulty I have in learning English.18.How different our hometown is from what it used to be!

第4講 whatever, whoever, whichever與whenever, wherever, however

1.C 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.C 16.C 17.B 18.C 19.C 20.A 21.C 22.A 23.C

1.whatever改為whichever；有明確的選擇對(duì)象。

2.whomever改為whoever；用主格還是賓格看在從句中作什么成分。

3.No matter who改為Whoever；whoever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)不能換為no matter who。4.Whoever；既作主句成分又作從句成分。5.whatever；固定用法。

6.We must do whatever it takes to protect our environment.(We must protect our environment, whatever the cost.)7.Whatever the reason, you shouldn’t have contradicted your parents.8.Whoever wants to succeed must do his/their best.9.If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, however great it is.10.However late I came back, Mother was always there waiting for me.11.The police will reward whoever provides useful information to catch the robber.12.If you can find whatever learning method(that)suits you, your study/earning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably.13.No matter how hard the rain falls and the wind blows, the police keep to their posts.第5講 間直引語

1.C 2.B 3.6.C 7.D 8.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.D D 4.9.C A 5.B 10.B before改為ago；以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)用ago。ago改為before；以過去為起點(diǎn)用before。去掉next前的the；以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)用next。

that去掉；where本身都起連接作用，不比用that。has改為had；主句是過去，賓語從句用相應(yīng)過去時(shí)態(tài)。

said改為say, 或者把a(bǔ)re改為were；主句是過去時(shí)，賓語從句用相應(yīng)過去時(shí)態(tài)。is改為was。主句是過去時(shí)，賓語從句用相應(yīng)過去時(shí)態(tài)。whether/ if, I, lived。would, the next day。were, the next。told, had, before。had, before。34.before。35.had found。

36.had；主句是過去時(shí)時(shí)，must要變?yōu)閔ad to。37.makes；表示客觀真理不用變化。

38.was；有具體表過去的時(shí)間狀語，不必有過去完成時(shí)。

39.Others, however, hold the opposite view.They say that a short period of training cannot work well in building up their bodies or strengthen their will.40.They argue that doing too much homework is harmful to students’ health mentally and physically.41.I’d like to know when I shall sign up and how much the fee is.

第二篇：名詞性從句講解

名詞性從句講解

在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。歷屆高考試題名詞性從句考查的焦點(diǎn)主要有以下5個(gè)方面 1.考查名詞性從句的語序問題

2.考查引導(dǎo)詞that與what的區(qū)別

3.考查it在名詞性從句中作形式主語或形式賓語的用法

4.考查whether與if的區(qū)別

5.考查名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題 語法要點(diǎn)剖析

一、名詞性從句

主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，在整個(gè)句子中所起的作用，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞。因此，這四種從句通稱為名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：

連接詞：that, whether, if（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分）

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.連接副詞：when, where, how, why 1.主語從句

作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。It is known to us how he became a writer.我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英語晚會(huì)將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。

有時(shí)為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名詞 + that從句

（2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句（3）It + be + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 + that從句

（4）It + 不及物動(dòng)詞 + that從句 It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that?

It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that ? It is said(reported, believed, known, etc.)that? It does not matter(seems,appears etc)? 2.賓語從句

名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動(dòng)詞或介詞及非謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語。1.由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時(shí),第二個(gè)分句前的that不可略，且并列句之間由and連接。He has told me(that)he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已經(jīng)告訴我他明天要去上海。He found(that)he lost himself in the forest and that he had no way to dicide the right directions.他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在樹林里迷路了，而他又無法確定正確的方向。

注意：在demand、order、suggest、insist, desire,等表示要求、命令、建議、等意義的動(dòng)詞后，賓語從句常用“（should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形”。

I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我堅(jiān)持要她自己工作。2.用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語序要用陳述語序。I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告訴了你什么。

She always thinks of how she can work well.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。

She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要幫助的人，她都會(huì)給予熱情的支持。3.用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句實(shí)為一般疑問句，其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序。此外，whether與if 在作“是否”的意思講時(shí)在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if：

a.引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時(shí)；b.引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)；

c.引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語時(shí)；

d.從句后有“or not”時(shí)；

Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有沒有生命是個(gè)有趣的問題。Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。

4.注意賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用 不同時(shí)態(tài)。

I know(that)he will study English next year.（從句用一般將來時(shí)）

當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)態(tài)（could, would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)，如一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America． Our teacher told us that the earth runs around the sun

5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動(dòng)詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ?。即將從句中的否定形式移到主句中。We don’t think you are here.我們認(rèn)為你不在這。I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不會(huì)這樣做。3.表語從句

在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語從句位于連系動(dòng)詞后，有時(shí)用as if引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語 + 系動(dòng)詞 + that從句。

The fact is that we have lost the game.事實(shí)是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場比賽。That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.那就是他為什么不到會(huì)的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。

需要注意的，當(dāng)主語是reason時(shí)，表語從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning 4.同位語從句

同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語從句的名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如： The news that we won the game is exciting.我們贏得這場比賽的消息令人激動(dòng)。I have no idea when he will come back home.我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：

that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略； that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)，起連詞的作用，沒有實(shí)際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。

試比較下面兩個(gè)例句:

I had no idea that you were here．（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，不能省略）

Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life ？（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）

第三篇：名詞性從句講解

名詞性從句與高考試題

名詞性從句的界定與分類：

名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句中的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。從屬連詞that, if, whether;

連接代詞who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever, what, whatever, whose;連接副詞where, when, why, how。

其中, 從屬連詞只起連接作用, 在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句法成分，而連接代詞和連接副詞既起連接作用, 在從句中又充當(dāng)一定的成分.名詞性從句均不能用逗號(hào)和主句分開。

一、主語從句：

定義：一個(gè)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的主語，這個(gè)從句就叫主語從句。

二、主語從句的表現(xiàn)形式： １.由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句：

a.Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is something we must discuss.b.That light travels in straight line is known to all.２.由連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句： a.What we need is more time.b.Whichever book you choose doesn’t matter to me.c.Whoever comes will be welcome.３.由連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句：

a.When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced ． b.Where he has been is still a puzzle.c.How much water is flowing can be measured easily.三、關(guān)于形式主語 it

主語從句放在句首往往顯得頭重腳輕，不太平衡，因此，在大多數(shù)情況下都是在主語的位置上用一個(gè)形式主語 it，而把主語從句移到句未去。

關(guān)于形式主語 it: 以 it 作形式主語，把主語從句后置的常用句型有：（1）It + be + 形容詞 + that/wh-從句

It is quite clear that Tom was fond of music.（2）It + be + 名詞 + that/wh-從句

It is a pity that she has made such a foolish mistake.可應(yīng)用于此句型的名詞還有fact / shame / honor / question等。（3）It + be + 過去分詞 + that/wh-從句

It’s not yet decided that when the test will be given.（4）It seems, happens 等不及物動(dòng)詞 + that/wh-從句 It happened that I didn’t take any money with me.但以下情況往往必須用it作形式主語，主語從句一般不能放在句首。a.It doesn’t matter whether he likes or not.b.It’s said that the highway will be open to traffic next year.c.Is it likely that it will snow in the afternoon? 練習(xí)：

1． ____ you don't like him is none of my business．（92上海）A．What B．Who C．That D．Whether A．What B．That C．This D．Which

2． ____ she couldn't understand was _____fewer and fewer students showed interests in her lessons．（2000上海）

A．What；why B．That；what C．What；because D．Why；that

3． ____has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising．（99上海）A．Who B．The one C．Anyone D．Whoever

4． ____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have．（NMET96）A．What；what B．What；that C．That；that D．That；what

5． ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather．（NMET96）A．If B．Whether C．That D．Where

6． ____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present．（MET93）A．What B．That C．The fact D．The matter 二, 表語從句：

定義：一個(gè)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的表語，這個(gè)從句就叫作表語從句?？梢越颖碚Z從句的連系動(dòng)詞有 be, look, remain, seem 等。

1.The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking.2.The question remains whether we can win the people.3.That’s just what I want.4.This is where our problem lies.5.The difficulty is how I can help smokers kick their habit.值提注意的是：

1.表語從句的表現(xiàn)形式除了用從屬連詞，連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)以外，還可以由as, as if ,as though引導(dǎo).Things were not as they seemed.It looks as if it is going to rain.2、另外還要注意以下常用的兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：

The reason why…is that …(而不用 because。)It(this, that)is because…

The reason why he was dismissed is that he didn’t work hard.It is because the tobacco companies want to remain in business.練習(xí)：

1.What the doctors really doubt is____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．

A．when B．how C．whether D．why

2.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week． —Is that ____ you had a few days off？（NMET99）A．why B．when C．what D．where

3.Go and get your coat．It's____ you left it．（MET92）A．there B．where C．there where D．where there

4.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella．____I got wet all through．（98上海）A．It's the reason B．That's why C．There's why D．It's how 三，同位語從句：

定義：在復(fù)合句中，用作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句。

同位語從句一般由 that, whether 等連詞引導(dǎo)，常放在 advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, question, reason, truth, word, suggestion.等名詞的后面，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。

l.The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world.2.I have no idea when he will be back.3.The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.4.He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：

that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略； that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)，起連詞的作用，沒有實(shí)際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。

試比較下面兩個(gè)例句:

I had no idea that you were here．（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，不能省略）

Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）

練習(xí)：

1.Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities．（2001上海）

A．while B．that C．when D．a(chǎn)s

2.______ is no possibility _______.Bob can win the first prize I the match.(上海2001春)A、There;that B、It;what C、There;whether D、It;whether 四，賓語從句

定義：一個(gè)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語，這個(gè)從句就叫作賓語從句。賓語從句可以作及物動(dòng)詞的賓詞，介詞的賓語，某些形容詞的賓語以及非謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語。1．及物動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句：

She will give whoever needs help a warm support.I wonder why she refused my invitation.2．介詞后的賓語從句：

I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.The teacher is satisfied with what she has said.3．某些形容詞后的賓語從句：

I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work.We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us.關(guān)于形式賓語it

We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.練習(xí)：

1.When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule：Always give the monky exactly____ he wants．（2002年春季上海）A．what B．which C．when D．that

2.—I think it's going to be a big problem ． —Yes，it could be．

—I wonder ____ we can do about it．（2002春季北京、安徽、內(nèi)蒙古）A．if B．how C．what D.that

3.A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001）A．how B．a(chǎn)fter C．what D．when

4.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster____ he had done the day before． A．that B．how C．where D．what

5.These wild flowers are so special that I would do ____ I can to save them（2000春季北京、安徽）A．whatever B．that C．which D．whichever

6.Eat ____ cake you like and leave the others for ____ comes in late．（2000春季上海）A．a(chǎn)ny；who B．every；whoever C．whichever；whoever D．either；whoever

7.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants．（NMET97）A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever

8.Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____shares her interests．（95上海）A．a(chǎn)nyone B．whom ever C．whoever D．no matter who

學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1.在名詞性從句中，疑問句要用陳述句的語序。例如：

Someone is ringing the doorbell．Go and see ____．（2000上海）A．who is he B．who he is C．who is it D．who it is Can you make sure ____the gold ring ？（MET90）

A．where Alice had put B．where had Alice put C．where Alice has put D．where has Alice put

You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents．（94上海）A．how they were excited B．how excited they were C．how excited were they D．they were how excited

2.動(dòng)詞 doubt 用在疑問句或否定句時(shí)，其后賓語從句常用 that 作連接詞；用在肯定句時(shí)，連接詞用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用 that。

Do you doubt that he will win ? I don't doubt that your proposition is wrong.He doubt whether I know it.3.否定轉(zhuǎn)移問題。在主句為第一人稱主語后跟 think , believe , suppose , expect , guess , imagine 等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，賓語從句的否定形式應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。We don't expect he will come tonight , will he ? 4.主謂一致問題。

What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world． What I bought were three English books． 5.語氣問題

a.在含有 suggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , insist, desire, require, advise 等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動(dòng)詞后，that從句常用“（should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)

I suggest we(should)set off at once.b.在It is ＋過去分詞＋that的主語從句中 decided，demanded，desired，insisted，ordered，proposed，suggested，recommended，requested，required等。It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening． c.在表語從句或同位語從句中。

The suggestion that the mayor(should)present the prizes was accepted by everyone．

d.在It is（was）＋形容詞＋that從句中要用虛擬語氣，即（should ＋）動(dòng)詞原形，表示建議或不滿、驚奇等情緒。常用于此類的形容詞有 essential，important，natural，necessary，possible，strange，等。It is necessary that a college student ________ at least a foreign language．（上海1993）

A．masters B．should master C．mastered D．will master 6．What引導(dǎo)名詞從句的特殊含義:

What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality．

(what為“所……的事”，相當(dāng)于“the thing that．．．；all that．．．；everything that．．．”)After ________ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed．

A．what B．when C．that D．which

He is not what he was a few years ago． Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？ What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world． Our income is now double what it was ten years ago

第四篇：名詞性從句的用法

名詞性從句的用法

在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句(Noun Clauses）。名詞從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組, 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。

一、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞

引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：連詞：that（無任何詞意）；whether, if（均表示“是否”表明從句內(nèi)容的不確定性）；as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）。以上在從句中均不充當(dāng)任何成分

連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.Whichever, whomever 連接副詞：when, where, how, why 不可省略的連詞： 1.介詞后的連詞

2.引導(dǎo)主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比較：

Whether與if 均為“是否”的意思。但在下列情況下，whether 不能被if 取代： 1.Whether引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首； 2.引導(dǎo)表語從句

3.Whether從句作介詞賓語； 4.從句后有“or not”

Whether he will come is not clear.大部分連接詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句都可以置于句末，用 it充當(dāng)形式主語。It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.二、具體分類 1．主語從句

作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。例如：

What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。Who will win the match is still unknown.誰能贏得這場比賽還不得而知。It is known to us how he became a writer.我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英語晚會(huì)將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。

【典例1】(2009·上海卷)It is immediately clear ____ the financial crisis will soon be over.A.since B.what C.when D.whether 【答案】D

【解析】考查主語從句的用法。該句的意思時(shí)：經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)是否會(huì)很快結(jié)束是很明顯的事情。“是 1 否”用whether表示，不能選when是因?yàn)閺木渲杏蓅oon這一實(shí)踐狀語。

【典例2】(2008·山東卷)_____ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A.It B.This C.What D.As 【答案】C

【解析】she told me是插入語，可刪除。what引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中充當(dāng)主語。有時(shí)為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名詞 + that從句（2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句（3）It + be + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 + that從句（4）It + 不及物動(dòng)詞 + that 從句

另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：

It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that … It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that…

It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that…

【典例】(2009·天津卷)It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.A.as B.which C.whether D.that 【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞性從句。本空格處應(yīng)是一個(gè)主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，因該主語從句不缺成分，且句意完整，故應(yīng)用不作任何成分的連詞that。2．賓語從句

名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動(dòng)詞或介詞及非謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語。（1）由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時(shí),第二個(gè)分句前的that不可省。例如：

He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已經(jīng)告訴我他明天要去上海。We must never think(that)we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.我們決不能認(rèn)為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。

注意：在demand，order，suggest，decide，insist，desire，request，command等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動(dòng)詞后，賓語從句常用“（should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形”。例如： I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我堅(jiān)持要她自己工作。

The commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.司令員命令部隊(duì)馬上出發(fā)。（2）用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語序要用陳述語序。例如： I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告訴了你什么。

She always thinks of how she can work well.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。

She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要幫助的人，她都會(huì)給予熱情的支 2 持。

【典例1】(2008·北京卷)The companies are working together to create _______ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.A.which B.that C.what D.who 【答案】C

【解析】create后為賓語從句，從句中they hope是插入語，可刪除。因?yàn)閺木渲腥鄙僦髡Z，所以用what引導(dǎo)該從句。

【典例2】(2009· 全國卷Ⅰ)Could I speak tois in charge of International Sales please? A.who B.what C.whoever D.whatever 【答案】C

【解析】 考查名詞性從句。題干中介詞to后面為賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，因此填whoever。（3）用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序。此外，whether與if 在作“是否”的意思講時(shí)在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if： a.引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時(shí)；b.引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)；c.引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語時(shí)；d.從句后有“or not”時(shí)；e.后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)。例如：

Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有沒有生命是個(gè)有趣的問題。

The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?

Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。I wonder whether he will come or not.我想知道他來還是不來。Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告訴我是去還是留？

（4）注意賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用 不同時(shí)態(tài)。例如：

he studies English every day.（從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）he studied English last term.（從句用一般過去時(shí)）

I know(that)he will study English next year.（從句用一般將來時(shí)）he has studied English since 1998.（從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）

當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)態(tài)（could, would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)，如一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例如：

The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．

（5）think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動(dòng)詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ?。即將從句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如?We don’t think you are here.我們認(rèn)為你不在這。I don’t believe he will do so.我相信他不會(huì)這樣做。3．表語從句

在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語從句位于連系動(dòng)詞后，有時(shí)用as if引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語 + 系動(dòng)詞 + that從句。例如：

The fact is that we have lost the game.事實(shí)是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場比賽。

That’s just what I want.這正是我想要的。

This is where our problem lies.這就是我們的問題所在。

That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.那就是他為什么不到會(huì)的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。

需要注意的，當(dāng)主語是reason時(shí)，表語從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.【點(diǎn)撥】whether 可引導(dǎo)表語從句，但與之同義的if卻通常不用于引導(dǎo)表語從句。

【典例1】(2009·山東卷)The little girl who got lost decided to remain ________she was and wait tor her mother.A.where B.what C.how D.who 【答案】A

【解析】remain是系動(dòng)詞，后加表語從句，由句意可知，從句缺地點(diǎn)狀語，所以選A?！镜淅?】(2008·天津卷)The last time we had grat fun was _______ we were visiting the Water Park.A.where B.how C.when D.why 【答案】C

【解析】was后為表語從句，此處when與the last time相呼應(yīng)，根據(jù)句意可排除其他選項(xiàng)。4． 同位語從句

同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語從句的名詞有advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，problem，promise，question，request，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。例如：

The news that we won the game is exciting.我們贏得這場比賽的消息令人激動(dòng)。I have no idea when he will come back home.我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。

The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.他想到可能瑪麗生病了?！镜淅?2009· 重慶卷)We should consider the students’ request ________ the school library provide more books on popular science.A.that B.when C.which D.where 【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞性從句。根據(jù)題意知，空格處是同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，修飾中心名詞request，且在句子中不充當(dāng)成分，故用that。這句話的意思是我們應(yīng)該考慮學(xué)生的這個(gè)要求，即學(xué)校圖書館應(yīng)該多提供一些大眾科學(xué)方面的書籍。

三、對(duì)比與用法

1．同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：

that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略； that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)，起連詞的作用，沒有實(shí)際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。試比較下面兩個(gè)例句:

I had no idea that you were here．（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，不能省略）

Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）

2．that-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置于句末。

用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系： a.It + be +形容詞+ that-從句 It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明顯…… b.It + be +-ed 分詞+ that-從句 It is believed that… 人們相信…… It is known to all that… 從所周知…… It has been decided that… 已決定…… c.It + be +名詞+ that-從句

It is common knowledge that… ……是常識(shí) It is a surprise that… 令人驚奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事實(shí)是…… d.It +不及物動(dòng)詞+ that-分句 It appears that… 似乎…… It happens that… 碰巧……

It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整個(gè)計(jì)劃注定要失敗。

It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。3．否定轉(zhuǎn)移

（1）將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等動(dòng)詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定式。I don't think I know you.我想我并不認(rèn)識(shí)你。I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回來。注意：若謂語動(dòng)詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。I hope you weren't ill.我想你沒有生病吧。

（2）將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到前面。It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看來他們不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看來我們明天不會(huì)碰上好天氣?！緜淇疾呗浴?/p>

考生對(duì)于名詞性從句的復(fù)習(xí)和應(yīng)試關(guān)鍵要把握每個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞的意義，因?yàn)樵趯?duì)于名詞性從句的考查中，引導(dǎo)詞在句子中都起作用，有意義，因此在分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，對(duì)比辨別名詞性從句、狀語從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句式后，最后還是要選擇引導(dǎo)詞；另外還要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1．what 引導(dǎo)詞的考查，尤其位于介詞后引導(dǎo)的賓語從句以及引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)的雙重作用。2．Whether和if 的區(qū)別，尤其注意他們的不同之處。

3．名詞性從句和其它從句的兼容結(jié)構(gòu)測試。4.句子語序和時(shí)態(tài)。具體說：

1.掌握名詞性從句的分類功能

名詞性從句根據(jù)其在主句的功能作用又可分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。(1)若從句在句中作主語為主語從句(2)若從句在句中作賓語為賓語從句(3)若從句在句中作表語為表語從句(4)若從句在句中作同位語為同位語從句 2.掌握連詞的含義及分類

絕大多數(shù)名詞性從句的連詞都有其實(shí)在意義，稱為有義連詞，如what表“……的內(nèi)容”，when表“……的時(shí)間”，where表“……的地點(diǎn)”，why表“……的原因”，how表“如何；怎樣”，who表“誰”，if, whether表“是否”；沒有實(shí)在意義的連詞叫無義連詞，無義連詞只有that一個(gè)。

3.掌握名詞性從句的語序 名詞性從句用陳述語序。

4.掌握名詞性從句和其它從句之間的關(guān)系

有些連詞除引導(dǎo)名詞性從句外還可引導(dǎo)其它從句，應(yīng)掌握它們之間的關(guān)系。

(1)if ,whether表“是否”時(shí)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句；if表“如果”時(shí)引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；whether表“無論是否；不管是否”時(shí)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。

(2)when表“……的時(shí)間”，where表“……的地方”時(shí)引導(dǎo)名詞從句；when表“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，where表“……的地方”，且修飾行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句；when, where從句作定語修飾先行詞時(shí)引導(dǎo)定語從句。【專題突破】

高考中考查名詞性從句時(shí)，經(jīng)常考查連接詞的選用。解題時(shí)應(yīng)先判斷從句的類型，然后判斷從句是否缺少成分以及意義是否完整，最后根據(jù)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞的特點(diǎn)確定特定的連接詞。要求學(xué)生在做題中要注意如下幾點(diǎn)： 1.分析結(jié)構(gòu)，辨析名詞性從句和狀語從句； 2.理解句意，正確區(qū)別引導(dǎo)詞；

3.按照句意，出現(xiàn)那個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞意思，便選擇那個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞?！緦ｎ}鞏固】

1.A warm thought suddenly came to me _______I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.A.if B.when C.that D.which

2.See the flag on top of the building ? That was _______ we did this morning.A when B.which C.where D.what

3． The government has announced that a modern city will be set up in _______is still a wasteland now.A.what B.which C.that D.where

4．Many people wrote articles on _______Liu Xiang had failed to compete in the event.6 A.why B.what C.who D.that

5．The couple are spending their holiday on _______is described as one of the most beautiful islands.A.that B.what C.which D.where 6．The book is meant to _______needs it.A.who B.whoever C.whomever D.whom

7.In his speech, Premier Wen Jiabao points out that creativity is_______it takes to keep a nation highly competitive.A.how B.what C.which D.that

8．The experience of the Chinese nation attests to a truth_______ a nation loses in times of disaster will be made up for by her progress.A.that what B.what C.that D.what that

9．_______has recently been done to provide more buses for the people ,a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem.A.That B.What C.In spite of what D.Though what

10._______is certain is _______prevention is more important than treatment.A.It;that B.What;that C.As;what D.What;what

11.Nobody would stand out admitting the fact, for some reason, _______they lost the game.A.that B.which C.what D.why

12.—The patient looks much better._______is it that has made him_______he is today? —Perhaps the special medicine and his family’s patient care.A．What;that B．That;that C．What;what D．What;which

13.After three hours’ climbing , they reached _______ they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of.A．what B．which C．where D．that

14.A plan has been put forward _______more graduates should go to work in the country

A.when B.that C.whether D.how

15.It is pretty well understood _______controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A.that B.when C.what D.how

16.(2009· 湖南卷)She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do _______it takes to save her life.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whoever

17.(2009·陜西卷)The how-to book can be of help to _______wants to do the job.A.who B.whomever C.no matter who D.whoever

18.(2009· 安徽卷)A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.A.how B.whom C.when D.which

19.(2009·江蘇卷)Many young people in the West are expected to leave_______could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.A.as B.that C.which D.what

20.(2009·浙江卷)—Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport? —No problem.A.when B.that C.whether D.what 【參考答案及解析】

1.C 句意：我腦海中突然出現(xiàn)一個(gè)溫情的念頭，用我的零花錢給媽媽買些鮮花作為她的生日禮物。本題考察名詞性從句用法。I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.做A warm thought 的同位語從句。中間被suddenly came to me隔開，增加了試題難度。此外，部分考生由于對(duì)同位語從句和定語從句不分，故錯(cuò)選D為答案。2.D 表語從句中缺did的賓語。

3.A “_______is still a wasteland now.”做介詞in的賓語從句，從句中缺主語句意為：政府已經(jīng)宣布一座現(xiàn)代化的城市將在這片現(xiàn)在仍是廢墟的地方建成。

4.A“_______Liu Xiang had failed to compete in the event.”做介詞on的賓語，賓語從句中不缺主干，故排除B和C。另外that不引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語從句（固定搭配除外），所以排除D。5.B “_______is described as one of the most beautiful islands.”賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，6.B whoever在賓語從句中做主語，部分學(xué)生，因?yàn)橹豢吹浇樵~to，誤認(rèn)為要添whomever做介詞的賓語。

7.B “_______it takes to keep a nation highly competitive.”做表語從句，從句中缺少takes的賓語，構(gòu)成 it takes sth to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)。

8.A本題句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜，“_______ a nation loses in times of disaster will be made up for by her progress”做a truth的同位語從句，同位語從句中_______ a nation loses in times of disaster為主語從句。本句共有兩個(gè)從句，故有兩個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。句意為“中華民族的經(jīng)驗(yàn)證明了一個(gè)真理，即，一個(gè)民族在災(zāi)難中失去的，必將從民族的進(jìn)步中得到補(bǔ)償。

9.C “_______has recently been done to provide more buses for the people”在句中做讓步狀語,而D.Though what錯(cuò)誤, 因?yàn)? 一個(gè)單一的從句不能用兩個(gè)連詞引導(dǎo).句意: 盡管在為人們提供更多公交車這件事上, 投入了很多, 但是公交工具的缺乏, 仍然是個(gè)問題.10.B “_______is certain”在句中做主語,主語從句缺少一個(gè)主語,需要用What;“_______prevention is more important than treatment.”系表語從句,句意與結(jié)構(gòu)完整,只有that,可以這樣用。

11.A“_______ they lost the game.”在句子中做the fact 的同位語從句,從句意思結(jié)構(gòu)完整,結(jié)構(gòu)完整。

12.C先將句子結(jié)構(gòu)理清楚，it is _______that has made him _______he is today 就可以判斷，第一個(gè)空是考察強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問形式；第二個(gè)空則是表語從句，表語從句中缺少he is的表語。句意：病人好多了，是什么使得他成為現(xiàn)在這個(gè)樣子。

13.A考生誤以為是地點(diǎn)狀語從句，誤選C．where。而reached是及物動(dòng)詞，后邊接的是賓語從句，賓語從句除去插入語they thought，應(yīng)該缺主語。

14.B 考察同位語從句，表達(dá)A plan的具體內(nèi)容，has been put forward將名詞與從句隔開，8 加大了難度。

15.C 主要測試主語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知：句子屬于形式主語格式；另外主句中缺少主語。雙重作用的引導(dǎo)詞只能是what。例如：It is still doubtful what he said at the meeting yesterday。昨天他在會(huì)上說的話仍然值得懷疑。

16.C 名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為：她對(duì)我們來說是非常寶貴，我們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好做一切來拯救她的生命。

17.D 此處從句作介詞to的賓語，是名詞性從句，引導(dǎo)詞作從句的主語，指人，意思是：無論是誰，選D。

18.C 考查名詞性從句，介詞from后除了接代詞或名詞作賓語外，還可接介詞短語或副詞短語作賓語；由后面“I was born”可以推測from后面可以指時(shí)間，也可以指地點(diǎn)，再由所給的選項(xiàng)可得出答案。

19.D 考查名詞性從句。賓語從句中缺少主語，因此選what。

20.B考查同位語從句。此處是由what引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，表示“你有沒有可能來機(jī)場接我？”。所以選B項(xiàng)。

第五篇：名詞性從句分類及練習(xí)題

高中考點(diǎn)語法系統(tǒng)：名詞性從句

名詞性從句是由if, whether, that 和各種疑問詞充當(dāng)連接詞所引導(dǎo)的從句，其功同名詞一樣。

一．主語從句

主語從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語的從句，通常放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

1.It 作形式主語和it引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的比較 It 作形式主語代替主語從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語從句的連接詞沒有變化。而it引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句則是對(duì)句子某一部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，無論強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么成分，都可用連詞that。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：

It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.It is in the morning that the murder took place.It is John that broke the window.2.用it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)(1)It is ＋名詞＋從句

It is a fact that ? 事實(shí)是? It is an honor that ?非常榮幸 It is common knowledge that ?是常識(shí)(2)it is ＋形容詞＋從句

It is natural that? 很自然? It is strange that? 奇怪的是?(3)it is ＋不及物動(dòng)詞＋從句

It seems that? 似乎? It happened that? 碰巧?(4)it ＋過去分詞＋從句

It is reported that? 據(jù)報(bào)道? It has been proved that? 已證實(shí)? 3.主語從句不可位于句首的五種情況

(1)if 引導(dǎo)的主語從句不可居于復(fù)合句句首。

(2)It is said ,(reported)?結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.(right)That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.(wrong)(3)It happens?, It occurs? 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(right)That he failed in the examination occurred to him.(wrong)(4)It doesn’t matter how/whether ?結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.(right)Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.(wrong)(5)含主語從句的復(fù)合句是疑問句時(shí)，主語從句不可提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?(right)Is that will rain in the evening likely?(wrong)4.What 與that 在引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)的區(qū)別

What 引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)在句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語．賓語．表語，而that 則不然。例如：

1)What you said yesterday is right.2)That she is still alive is a consolation.二．賓語從句

賓語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞）或介詞之后。

1.作動(dòng)詞的賓語

(1)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（that 通?？梢允÷裕?例如： I heard that be joined the army.(2)由what, whether(if)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，例如： 1)She did not know what had happened.2)I wonder whether you can change this note for me.(3)動(dòng)詞＋間接賓語＋賓語從句。例如：

She told me that she would accept my invitation.2.作介詞的賓語

例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.3.作形容詞的賓語

例如：I am afraid(that)I’ve made a mistake.That 引導(dǎo)的從句常跟在下列形容詞后作賓語：

Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以將此類詞后的that 從句的看作原因狀語從句。

4.It 可以作為形式賓語 It 不僅可以作為形式主語，還可以作為形式賓語而真正的賓語that 從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語的句子中。例如：

We heard it that she would get married next month..5.后邊不能直接跟that 從句的動(dòng)詞

這類動(dòng)詞有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。這類詞后可以用不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但不可以用that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。例如：

I admire their winning the match.(right)I admire that they won the match.(wrong)6.不可用that從句作直接賓語的動(dòng)詞

有些動(dòng)詞不可用于“動(dòng)詞＋間接賓語＋that從句“結(jié)構(gòu)中，常見的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如： He impressed the manager as an honest man.(right)He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.(wrong)7.否定的轉(zhuǎn)移

若主句謂語動(dòng)詞為Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。例如：

I don’t think this dress fits you well.（我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。）

三．表語從句

表語從句在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句，放在系動(dòng)詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語＋連系動(dòng)詞＋表語從句”?？梢越颖碚Z從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be, look, remain, seem等。引導(dǎo)表語從句的that?？墒÷浴Ａ硗?，常用的還有the reason is that? 和It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

1)The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.2)This is why we can’t get the support of the people 3)But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.4)The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.四．同位語從句

同位語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。同位語從句對(duì)于名詞進(jìn)一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，一般由that引導(dǎo)，例如：The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.賓語從句表語從句精練： Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.A.has never gone B.had never gone C.has never been D.had never been 2 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.A.travelled B.has travelled C.travells D.had travelled 3I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.A.what B.if C.when D.where 4 I hardly understand.___ he has told me.A.that B.what C.which D.who 5.She didn't know___ back soon.A.whether he would be B.if would he be C.he will be D.if he will come 6.I want to know how long

A.has he been back

B．has he come back C.he has been back

D．he has come back 7..He said _________ there was going to be a meeting that evening.A.what

B.if

C.that

D.how 8.What the doctors really doubt is _____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A.when

B.how

C.whether

D.why 9.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ______ he had done the day before.A.that

B.how

C.where

D.what 10．The reporter said that the UFO ________east to west when be saw it.A．was travelling B．travelled C．had been traveling D．was to travel.11 It was _______ he said _________ disappointed me.A.what ? that B.that ? that C.what ? what D.that ? what 12._____ we can't get seems better than

we have.A.What;what

B.What;that C.That;that

D.That;what 13.—Do you remember ______ he came?

—Yes, I do, he came by car.A.how

B.when C.that

D.if

14._______she couldn’t understand was ______fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What …why

B.That …what

C.What …because

D.Why…that 15.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _______-.A.who is he

B.who he is

C.who is it

D.who it is 16.These wild flowers are so special I would do ________ I can to save

them.A.whatever

B.that C.which

D.whichever 17 I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full.A it

B this

C that

D them 18 A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do.A what

B that

C how

D which 19 The reason lies in ____ she works harder than the others do.A that

B how

C it

D what 20This is all ____our teacher explained to us in class.A.what

B.that C.which

D.of

21.After graduation she asked to be sent to ___.A.where she was mostly needed C.where was she needed

B.where she was most needed

D.where she needed

22.I don’t know if she ____tomorrow;if he ____, I’ll let you know.A.comes, will come

B.will come, will come

C.will come, comes

D.comes, comes 23.The old gentleman never fails to help ____is in need of his help.A.who

B.whoever

C.whomever

D.whom 24.Give it to ____you think can do the job well.A.whoever

B.whomever

C.who

D.whom 25.The problem ____overworking all day long will harm his health.A.is

B.is that

C.is which

D.that

26.The whole family were worried about Rose because no one was aware ____she had gone.A.where that B.of where C.the place where

D.the place

答案：1-5 DCBBA 6-10 CCCDA 11-15 AAAAD16-20 AAAAB 21-25 BCBAB 26 B