第一篇：八年級上聽力口語測試試題

八年級上英語模擬試題

卷一

聽力口語自動化測試（共六部分，滿分25分）第一部分 聽小對話回答問題（計5分）

本部分共有5道小題，每小題你將聽到一段對話，每段對話只聽一遍。在聽每段對話前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀題目；聽完后，你還有5秒鐘的時間在屏幕上點擊你認為最合適的備選答案。在聽到“嘀”的信號后，進入下一小題。1.When will they go shopping? A.On Friday.B.On Saturday.C.On Sunday.2.Where is the man’s camera made?

A.In UK.B.In Japan.C.In USA.3.How often does Sam watch TV?

A.Every day.B.Once a week.C.Twice a week.4.What’s the whether like now?

A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.5.Who runs fastest?

A.Lucy.B.Ann.C.Lily.第二部分 聽較長對話回答問題（計5分）

本部分共有5道小題，你將聽到兩段較長對話，每段對話聽兩遍。在聽每段對話前，你將有時間閱讀相關小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，每小題你還有5秒鐘的時間在屏幕上點擊你認為最合適的備選答案。

現(xiàn)在聽一段較長對話，回答第6~7兩小題。答題完畢，請等待 “嘀”的信號后，進入下一段較長對話。

6.What do they know about Yunnan? A.It’s a large place with many people.B.It’s a nice place.C.It’s too far away.7.How can they get more information about the travel? A.By going to the travel agency.B.By reading newspapers.C.By watching TV.聽下面一段較長的對話，回答第8~10三小題。

8.Where is David going with Jane? A.New York.B.Los Angeles.C.San Francisco.9.How will they go there? A.By plane.B.By train.C.By bus.10.What’s the relation between David and Jane?

A.Husband and wife.B.Two friends.C.Brother and sister.第三部分 聽短文回答問題（計5分）

本部分共有5道小題，你將聽到一篇短文，短文聽兩遍。在聽短文前，你將有時間閱讀相關小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，每小題你還有5秒鐘的時間在屏幕上點擊你認為最合適的備選答案。在聽到“嘀”的信號后，進入測試的第四部分。

11.How many cities are talked about in the story? A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.12.What is the story of songs about? A.American cities.B.American songs.C.Famous stars.13.Which is the most exciting city? A.Las Vegas.B.San Francisco.C.Los Angeles.14.What is “I left my heart in San Francisco”? A.The name of a film.B.A record of Ramdy’s.C.The name of a song.15.Why is Los Angeles popular? A.Because it is larger than any other city in America.B.Because it is a beautiful city in the west of America.C.Because the weather there is warm and the sun shines almost all the time.第四部分 朗讀短文（計3分）

你將有1分鐘的時間熟悉屏幕上的短文。在聽到開始錄音的提示后，請將短文朗讀一遍，時間為1分半鐘。讀完之后，請等待“嘀”的信號，進入測試的第五部分。

I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.My sister and I tried paragliding.I felt like I was a bird.It was so exciting!For lunch, we had something very special—Malaysian yellow noodles.They were delicious!In the afternoon, we rode bicycles to Georgetown.There are a lot of buildings now, but many of the old buildings are still there.I wonder what life was like here in the past.I really enjoyed walking around the town.第五部分 情景問答（計2分）

你有10秒鐘的時間閱讀屏幕上的情景提示。之后，你將聽到兩個問題，請根據(jù)情景提示的內容用英語進行回答。注意，每個問題問兩遍，每題的答題時間為15秒鐘?；卮鹜戤吅?，請等待“嘀”的信號，進入測試的第六部分。

請看下面的情景提示：

上周日是晴天，我和父母一起去購物了，雖累但很高興。第六部分 話題簡述（計5分）

你有2分鐘的時間閱讀屏幕上的要點提示，并作答題準備。在聽到開始錄音的提示后，請用英語進行話題表述，你的表述應不少于7句話，時間為1分半鐘。

要點：

1.我是李磊，九年級學生，今夏畢業(yè)； 2.喜歡閱讀和聽音樂，是校足球隊隊員； 3.出生于余姚，現(xiàn)在和父母住在寧波； 4.我有一只狗，名叫安迪，我很喜歡他。

命題人：王 華

審稿人：劉 杰，孟 菲，李 靜

八年級上英語模擬試題聽力材料及答案

第一部分 聽小對話回答問題（計5分）

本部分共有5道小題，每小題你將聽到一段對話，每段對話只聽一遍。在聽每段對話前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀題目；聽完后，你還有5秒鐘的時間在屏幕上點擊你認為最合適的備選答案。在聽到“嘀”的信號后，進入下一小題。

1.W: Honey, are you free this Friday? I want to go shopping then.M: I’m not free then.Let’s go on Saturday.2.W: You have got a new camera? Where is it made? M: It is made in Japan.3.W: Do you watch TV every day, Sam? M: No, I only watch TV on Friday and Saturday.4.W: So it's time for me to go now.M: Look at the sky.It's cloudy.It's going to rain.You'd better take your raincoat.5.W: They say Lucy runs very fast.But I think Lily runs faster.M: You’re right.But Ann runs much faster than Lily.第二部分 聽較長對話回答問題（計5分）

本部分共有5道小題，你將聽到兩段較長對話，每段對話聽兩遍。在聽每段對話前，你將有時間閱讀相關小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，每小題你還有5秒鐘的時間在屏幕上點擊你認為最合適的備選答案。

現(xiàn)在聽一段較長對話，回答第6~7兩小題。答題完畢，請等待 “嘀”的信號后，進入下一段較長對話。

M: What are you going to do during the coming holiday? W: I haven't decided yet.How about you? M: Since we have a holiday of seven days, I will go traveling.I've got some information in the newspaper.Would you like to go with me? W: I'd like to.But where? M: How about Yunnan? I learnt from the TV that Yunnan is a beautiful place.The weather there is nice too.W: That's great.I have never been there before.M: Let's go to the travel agency together to ask for more information.W: OK.聽下面一段較長的對話，回答第8~10三小題。

W: Hello.M: Hello, Alice.This is David speaking.W: Oh, it's you.How nice to hear your voice!Are you calling from New York?

M: No, I'm calling from Los Angeles.I flew here on business with your sister Jane and want to visit you in San Francisco next week.W: I'm glad to hear it.Are you coming by train or by bus? M: We'll take a bus since it's not too far away.W: Good.How does Jane feel about San Francisco? I know this will be her first visit to the city.M: She is very excited about it.W: Me, too.I haven't seen her for quite some time since you two got married.M: Right.It's a long time since you moved there.W: I hope to see you soon.M: A week isn't a long time, is it? 第三部分 聽短文回答問題（計5分）

本部分共有5道小題，你將聽到一篇短文，短文聽兩遍。在聽短文前，你將有時間閱讀相關小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，每小題你還有5秒鐘的時間在屏幕上點擊你認為最合適的備選答案。在聽到“嘀”的信號后，進入測試的第四部分。

Welcome to “This is America” in VOA Special English.Today we'll bring you the story of songs about American cities.New York.More songs have been written about American's biggest city.Over 8 million people live there.Frank sings about his dream in the most popular song written about New York.American's most exciting city is Las Vegas.There you can play games of chances all night long.In 1964, Elvis starred in a movie called “Viva Las Vegas.” There is a famous song from that movie.One of the most beautiful cities is San Francisco.The most popular song about the city is called “I left my heart in San Francisco”.Tony recorded it in 1962.It sold more than three million records.Many people love Los Angeles.It is now the second largest city.It is popular because the weather there is warm and the sun shines almost all the time.Randy sings about his feelings for the city in the song.That's the end of today's story.Join us next week.聽力材料答案：

1-5 BBCBB 6-10 BACCA 11-15 BAACC 第五部分 情景問答（計2分）

16.What was the weather like last Sunday?

Sunny./ It was sunny.17.Who did you go shopping with? My parents./I went shopping with my parents.第六部分 話題簡述（計5分）

Hi everyone, my name is Li Lei.Now I am in Class One, Grade Nine.I will graduate from middle school this summer.I like reading books and listening to music.And I am good at playing soccer and now I am in the school soccer team.I was born in Yuyao, but now I live in Ningbo with my parents.I have a dog.Its name is Andy.It is very cute and I like him very much.

第二篇：聽力試題

大學英語六級考試聽力樣題（2016年6月起）

Part II Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation, you will hear some questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Conversation One

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A)He invented the refrigerator.C)He was admitted to a university.B)He patented his first invention.D)He got a degree in Mathematics.2.A)He started to work on refrigeration.B)He became a professor of Mathematics.C)He fell in love with Natasha Willoughby.D)He distinguished himself in low temperature physics.3.A)Discovering the true nature of subatomic particles.B)Their explanation of the laws of cause and effect.C)Their work on very high frequency radio waves.D)Laying the foundations of modern mathematics.4.A)To have a three-week holiday.C)To patent his inventions.B)To spend his remaining years.D)To teach at a university.Conversation Two Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)The injury of some students.B)A school bus crash on the way.C)The collapse of a school building.D)A fire that broke out on a school campus.6.A)Teaching.C)Having lunch.B)On vacation.D)Holding a meeting.7.A)A malfunctioning stove.C)Violation of traffic rules.B)Cigarettes butts left by workers.D)Negligence in school maintenance.8.A)Sent a story to the local newspaper.B)Threw a small Thanksgiving party.C)Baked some cookies as a present.D)Wrote a personal letter of thanks.Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage One

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A)It is a trait of a generous character.C)It is an indicator of high intelligence.B)It is a reflection of self-esteem.D)It is a sign of happiness and confidence.10.A)It was self-defeating.C)It was the essence of comedy.B)It was aggressive.D)It was something admirable.11.A)It is a double-edged sword.C)It is a unique gift of human beings.B)It is a feature of a given culture.D)It is a result of both nature and nurture.Passage Two

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A)She is a tourist guide.C)She is a domestic servant.B)She is an interpreter.D)She is from the royal family.13.A)It is situated at the foot of a beautiful mountain.B)It was used by the family to hold dinner parties.C)It was frequently visited by heads of state.D)It is furnished like one in a royal palace.14.A)It is elaborately decorated.C)It is very big, with only six slim legs.B)It has survived some 2,000 years.D)It is shaped like an ancient Spanish boat.15.A)They are interesting to look at.B)They have lost some of their legs.C)They do not match the oval table at all.D)They are uncomfortable to sit in for long.Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear recordings of lectures or talks followed by some questions.The recordings will be played only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19.16.A)They investigate the retirement homes in America.B)They are on issues facing senior citizens in America.C)They describe the great pleasures of the golden years.D)They are filled with fond memories of his grandparents.17.A)The loss of the ability to take care of himself.B)The feeling of not being important any more.C)Being unable to find a good retirement home.D)Leaving the home he had lived in for 60 years.18.A)The loss of identity and self-worth.B)Fear of being replaced or discarded.C)Freedom from pressure and worldly cares.D)The possession of wealth and high respect.19.A)The urgency of pension reform.B)Medical care for senior citizens.C)Finding meaningful roles for the elderly in society.D)The development of public facilities for senior citizens.Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 20 to 22.20.A)It seriously impacts their physical and mental development.B)It has become a problem affecting global economic growth.C)It is a common problem found in underdeveloped countries.D)It is an issue often overlooked by parents in many countries.21.A)They will live longer.C)They get along well with people.B)They get better pay.D)They develop much higher IQs.22.A)Appropriated funds to promote research of nutrient-rich foods.B)Encouraged breastfeeding for the first six months of a child’s life.C)Recruited volunteers to teach rural people about health and nutrition.D)Targeted hunger-relief programs at pregnant women and young children.Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25.23.A)The guaranteed quality of its goods.B)The huge volume of its annual sales.C)The service it provides to its customers.D)The high value-to-weight ratio of its goods.24.A)Those having a taste or smell component.B)Products potentially embarrassing to buy.C)Those that require very careful handling.D)Services involving a personal element.25.A)Those who live in the virtual world.B)Those who have to work long hours.C)Those who are used to online transactions.D)Those who don’t mind paying a little more.Tape Script of Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation, you will hear some questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Conversation One W: Hello.M: Hello, is that the reference library? W: Yes.Can I help you? M: I hope so.I rang earlier and asked for some information about Denys Hawtin, the scientist.You asked me to ring back.W: Oh, yes.I have found something.M: Good.I’ve got a pencil and paper.Perhaps you could read out what it says.W: Certainly.Hawtin, Denys.Born: Darlington 1836;died New York 1920.M: Yes.Got that.W: Inventor and physicist.The son of a farm worker, he was admitted to the University of London at the age of fifteen.M: Yes.W: He graduated at seventeen with a first class degree in Physics and Mathematics.All right? M: Yes, all right.W: He made his first notable achievement at the age of eighteen.It was a method of refrigeration which arose from his work in low temperature physics.He became professor of Mathematics at the University of Manchester at twenty-four, where he remained for twelve years.During that time he married one of his students, Natasha Willoughby.M: Yes.Go on.W: Later, working together in London, they laid the foundation of modern Physics by showing that normal laws of cause and effect do not apply at the level of subatomic particles.For this he and his wife received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1910, and did so again in 1912 for their work on very high frequency radio waves.In his lifetime Hawtin patented 244 inventions.Do you want any more? M: Yes.When did he go to America? W: Let me see.In 1920 he went to teach in New York, and died there suddenly after only three weeks.Still, he was a good age.M: Yes.I suppose so.Well, thanks.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.What do we learn about Denys Hawtin when he was 15? 2.What did Denys Hawtin do at the age of 24? 3.For what were Denys Hawtin and his wife awarded the Nobel Prize a second time? 4.Why did Denys Hawtin go to New York? Conversation Two

W: This is Lisa Meyer in the WBZ newsroom, talking with Mike Bassichis, who is the director of the Gifford School, about the cleanup from last week’s fire and what the possible cause of that blaze may have been.M: We’re getting ready for our entire staff to return early from vacation tomorrow whereupon we are going to move into temporary classrooms.And the other buildings that did not burn are being de-smoked.As to the cause of the fire, all we know is that we were having trouble with the pilot lights since we bought the stove in July and it had been serviced three times.Well, as a matter of fact, we think it was a malfunctioning stove that may have caused the fire.Nothing definite yet has been determined.W: Have you heard from other schools or other institutional users of this stove that have had the same problem? M: No.I wouldn’t know anything more about the stove itself.All I know is that this fire went up so quickly that there’s been a suspicion about why it went up so quickly.And it may be that there was a gas blast.But, again, this has not been determined officially by anybody.W: I got you.When do kids come back to school? M: Next Monday, and we will be ready for them.Monday January 4.We’re just extremely thrilled that no one was hurt and that’s because of the fire fighters that were here, nine of them.They’re wonderful.W: And I’m sure you send your thanks out to them, uh? M: Well, we’re sending out thanks to them in a letter or in any other way we can.I heard a story today where one of our kids actually baked some cookies and is taking it to the fire department, to give it to them.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.What were the speakers talking about? 6.What were the school staff doing at the time of the accident? 7.What was supposed to be the cause of the accident? 8.What did one of the kids do to show gratitude? Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Passage One

In today’s personality stakes, nothing is more highly valued than a sense of humor.We seek it out in others and are proud to claim it in ourselves, perhaps even more than good looks or intelligence.If someone has a great sense of humor, we reason, it means that they are happy, socially confident and have a healthy perspective on life.This attitude would have surprised the ancient Greeks, who believed humor to be essentially aggressive.And in fact, our admiration for the comically gifted is relatively new, and not very well-founded, says Rod Martin, a psychologist at the University of Western Ontario.Being funny isn’t necessarily an indicator of good social skills and well-being, his research has shown.It may just as likely be a sign of personality flaws.He has found that humor is a double-edged sword.It can forge better relationships and help you cope with life, or it can be corrosive, eating away at self-esteem and irritating others.“It’s a form of communication, like speech, and we all use it differently,” says Martin.We use bonding humor to enhance our social connections, but we also may employ it as a way of excluding or rejecting an outsider.Though humor is essentially social, how you use it says a lot about your sense of self.Those who use self-defeating humor, making fun of themselves for the enjoyment of others, tend to maintain that hostility toward themselves even when alone.Similarly, those who are able to view the world with amused tolerance are often equally forgiving of their own shortcomings.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.How do people today view humor according to the speaker? 10.What did the ancient Greeks think of humor? 11.What has psychologist Rod Martin found about humor? Passage Two(female voice)

And now, if you’ll walk this way, ladies and gentlemen, the next room we’re going to see is the room in which the family used to hold their formal dinner parties and even occasionally entertain heads of state and royalty.However, they managed to keep this room friendly and intimate and I think you’ll agree it has a very informal atmosphere, quite unlike some grand houses you visit.The curtains were never drawn, even at night, so guests got a view of the lake and fountains outside, which were lit up at night.A very attractive sight.As you can see, ladies and gentlemen, the guests were seated very informally around this oval table, which would add to the relaxed atmosphere.The table dates from the eighteenth century and is made of Spanish oak.It’s rather remarkable for the fact that although it is extremely big, it’s supported by just six rather slim legs.However, it seems to have survived like that for two hundred years, so it’s probably going to last a bit longer.The chairs which go with the table are not a complete set—there were originally six of them.They are interesting for the fact that they are very plain and undecorated for the time, with only one plain central panel at the back and no arm-rests.I myself find them rather uncomfortable to sit in for very long, but people were used to more discomfort in the past.And now, ladies and gentlemen, if you’d like to follow me into the Great Hall … Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.What do we learn about the speaker? 13.What does the speaker say about the room they are visiting? 14.What is said about the oval table in the room? 15.What does the speaker say about the chairs? Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear recordings of lectures or talks followed by some questions.The recordings will be played only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19.Moderator: Hello Ladies and Gentleman, it gives me great pleasure to introduce our keynote speaker for today’s session, Dr.Howard Miller.Dr.Miller, Professor of Sociology at Washington University, has written numerous articles and books on the issues facing older Americans in our graying society for the past 15 years.Dr.Miller: Thank you for that introduction.Today, I’d like to preface my remarks with a story from my own life which I feel highlights the common concerns that bring us here together.Several years ago when my grandparents were well into their eighties, they were faced with the reality of no longer being able to adequately care for themselves.My grandfather spoke of his greatest fear, that of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years.Fighting back the tears, he spoke proudly of the fact that he had built their home from the ground up, and that he had pounded every nail and laid every brick in the process.The prospect of having to sell their home and give up their independence, and move into a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them.It was, in my grandfather’s own words, like having a limb cut off.He exclaimed in a forceful manner that he felt he wasn’t important anymore.For them and some older Americans, their so-called “golden years” are at times not so pleasant, for this period can mean the decline of not only one’s health but the loss of identity and self-worth.In many societies, this self-identity is closely related with our social status, occupation, material possessions, or independence.Furthermore, we often live in societies that value what is “new” or in fashion, and our own usage of words in the English language is often a sign of bad news for older Americans.I mean how would your family react if you came home tonight exclaiming, “Hey, come to the living room and see the OLD black and white TV I brought!” Unfortunately, the word “old” calls to mind images of the need to replace or discard.Now, many of the lectures given at this conference have focused on the issues of pension reform, medical care, and the development of public facilities for senior citizens.And while these are vital issues that must be addressed, I’d like to focus my comments on an important issue that will affect the overall success of the other programs mentioned.This has to do with changing our perspectives on what it means to be a part of this group, and finding meaningful roles the elderly can play and should play in our societies.First of all, I’d like to talk about...16.What does the introduction say about Dr.Howard Miller’s articles and books? 17.What is the greatest fear of Dr.Miller’s grandfather? 18.What does Dr.Miller say the “golden years” can often mean? 19.What is the focus of Dr.Miller’s speech?

Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 20 to 22.The 2010 Global Hunger Index report was released today by the International Food Policy Research Institute(IFPRI).It notes that, in recent years, experts have come to the conclusion that undernourishment between conception and a child’s second birthday can have serious and long-lasting impacts.Undernourishment during this approximately 1,000-day window can seriously check the growth and development of children and render them more likely to get sick and die than well-fed children.Preventing hunger allows children to develop both physically and mentally.Says IFPRI’s Marie Ruel, “They will be more likely to perform well in school.They will stay in school longer.And then at adulthood, IFPRI has actually demonstrated that children who were better nourished have higher wages, by a pretty large margin, by 46 percent.” Ruel says that means the productivity of a nation’s future generations depends in a large part on the first 1,000 days of life.“This is why we’re all on board in focusing on those thousand days to improve nutrition.After that, the damage is done and is highly irreversible.”

The data on nutrition and childhood development has been slowly coming together for decades.But Ruel says scientific consensus alone will not solve the problem.“It’s not enough that nutritionists know you have to intervene then, if we don’t have the politicians on board, and also the...people that implement [programs] in the field.”

Ruel says there are encouraging signs that politicians and implementers are beginning to get on board.Many major donors and the United Nations are targeting hunger-relief programs at pregnant women and young children.They focus on improving diets or providing micro-food supplements.They improve access to pre-birth care and encourage exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a child’s life.Ruel says in the 1980s Thailand was able to reduce child undernourishment by recruiting a large number of volunteers to travel the countryside teaching about health and nutrition.“They really did very active promotion of diversity in the diet and good eating habits.So they were providing more food to people, but also educating people on how to use them, and also educating people on how to feed their young children.”

Ruel says countries may take different approaches to reducing child undernutrition.But she says nations will not make progress fighting hunger and poverty until they begin to focus on those critical first thousand days.20.What is the experts’ conclusion regarding children’s undernourishment in their earliest days of life? 21.What does IFPRI’s Marie Ruel say about well-fed children in their adult life? 22.What did Thailand do to reduce child undernourishment in the 1980s? Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25.I’d like to look at a vital aspect of e-commerce, and that is the nature of the product or service.There are certain products and services that are very suitable for selling online, and others that simply don’t work.Suitable products generally have a high value-to-weight ratio.Items such as CDs and DVDs are obvious examples.Books, although heavier and so more expensive to post, still have a high enough value-to-weight ratio, as the success of Amazon, which started off selling only books, shows.Laptop computers are another good product for selling online.Digital products, such as software, films and music, can be sold in a purely virtual environment.The goods are paid for by online transactions, and then downloaded onto the buyer’s computer.There are no postage or delivery costs, so prices can be kept low.Many successful virtual companies provide digital services, such as financial transactions, in the case of Paypal, or means of communication, as Skype does.The key to success here is providing an easy-to-use, reliable service.Do this and you can easily become the market leader, as Skype has proved.Products which are potentially embarrassing to buy also do well in the virtual environment.Some of the most profitable e-commerce companies are those selling sex-related products or services.For a similar reason, online gambling is highly popular.Products which are usually considered unsuitable for selling online include those that have a taste or smell component.Food, especially fresh food, falls into this category, along with perfume.Clothes and other items that need to be tried on such as diamond rings and gold necklaces are generally not suited to virtual retailing, and, of course, items with a low value-to-weight ratio.There are exceptions, though.Online grocery shopping has really taken off, with most major supermarkets offering the service.The inconvenience of not being able to see the food you are buying is outweighed by the time saved and convenience of having the goods delivered.Typical users of online supermarkets include the elderly, people who work long hours and those without their own transport.23 What is important to the success of an online store? 24.What products are unsuitable for selling online? 25.Who are more likely to buy groceries online? 參考答案

Part II Listening Comprehension Section A

1.C 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.C Section B

9.D 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.C 15.D Section C

16.B 17.D 18.A 19.C 20.A 21.B 22.C 23.D 24.A 25.B

第三篇：聽力常用口語表達

************************ 聽力中具有否定意義的結構 ************************(1)包含否定性的關鍵詞

W:What kind of fruit would you like, apple or orange? M:Neither.Actually, I prefer banana to any other fruit.Q: What did the man mean?

A)He didn't like any fruit.B)He wanted other kinds of fruit.C)He liked banana more than any other fruit.D)He liked all sorts of fruit except for apple and orange.本句中neither是一個關鍵詞，出這個詞可知，男方既不喜歡蘋果也不喜歡桔子，再配合后一句話可知，他只愛香蕉。因此選C為正確答案。

否定形式的關鍵詞主要有以下類型：

表示否定意義的副詞和形容詞，如 hardly, rarely, little, seldom, few, never 等。

表示否定意義的代詞和連詞，如：nothing, nobody, neither, nor, none等。由否定前綴或否定后綴構成的詞。常見否定前綴有im-,un-,dis-,non-;常見否定后綴有-less等。表示否定意義的動詞、動詞短語或介詞短語，如：fail, miss, avoid, deny, hate, refuse, doubt, far from, anything but, instead of, rather than等。

從所表達的否定的意義上來講可分為：

1.全部否定 用完全否定詞no,none,nobody,no one, nothing, nowhere, never, neither, not等表示。

2.部分否定 常用半否定詞seldom, rarely, few, hardly, little等來否定其中一部分。此外，還可用not與always, all, entirely, both, every連用，表示部分否定。

3.雙重否定 雙重否定通常表示肯定意義，往往是加強語氣。

4.強調否定 常見的否定詞或短語有：never, little, barely, seldom, in no way, by no means, under no circumstances, on no account, 且為倒裝語序。5.含否定意思的動詞、動詞短語，介詞、介詞詞組等 如deny, without, too?to, anything but, miss, fail, rather than, instead of等。

(2)否定式句法結構

常用的否定結構有too?to結構，強調否定式結構，如以 never, little, rarely等詞開頭的倒裝句，以及雙重否定式結構，如not uncommon, not impossible, No one can deny?, not careless等。這類否定較為常見，要求考生敏感地覺察出句子的否定意味，否則就會造成判斷錯誤。如：

W: I heard the student bus was overturned in a traffic accident M: Yes, and what is more, no one on the bus was not injured.Q: How many were injured in the accident? A)No one on the bus was injured.B)More than one student on the bus was injured.C)Every one on the bus was injured.D)Only one student on the bus was injured.如果聽出男方話中的雙重否定結構，就不難選出正確答案C〉但如果未聽出雙重否定結構，漏聽一個或兩個not，那么就極可能選出A或D。

(3)對一方觀點的委婉否定

這種現(xiàn)象也比較常見。英美人否定他人觀點一般不直接表述，而采取十分委婉的方式，顯得禮貌和尊重對方，因此要特別注意。如：

M: You have been in London for several months.How do you like the city? W: The only thing is the sun never shines.It's always gray and gloomy.Q: What doesn't the woman seem to like about London?

A)The unsmiling faces B)The weather C)The londoners D)The sun

由女方的話中不難體會出，這位女士除了抱怨倫敦整天霧氣蒙蒙，難見艷陽之外，別的方面還算過得去。因此，答案是B。

************************************************ 英語口語特點實例分析及常見口語表達方式

************************************************

英美人在真實生活中口語表達和學生在課堂里學到的書面表達并不完全一致。而學生所接觸的英語口語表達又極為有限。因此要突破四級考試的聽力難關，除了平時多聽多練之外，還需要英語口語表達方法和表達方式上下功夫。

1、英語口語表達方法

英語口語表達主要是靠一些口語常用的單詞、短語及習慣表達法來實現(xiàn)的。而且口語中使用的單詞大都是音節(jié)較少的詞。如單音節(jié)或雙音節(jié)詞，這些詞往往都是學生很熟悉的，如mork, make, fix, pick等。在聽力測試中，學生大都能聽清楚這些詞的發(fā)音，但卻不能揣摩出整個句子的含義，因為他們往往是在書面語的語境里掌握這些詞的，殊不知在口語中，這些詞的意思發(fā)生了變化。例如： A: You have 15 minutes to get your train.B: All right, I guess I can make it.譯文

A：你只有一刻鐘的時間去趕乘這班火車了。B：沒關系，我想我趕得上。

在這個對話中，一些學生就因為不明白make it的意思，而不能理解對話的準確含義。其實make ti在英語口語中使用得很頻繁，表示“辦成功”，“做到”，“趕到”。它在書面語中很少出現(xiàn),因此學生對它感到陌生也不奇怪。

又如在1995年6月的四級聽力測試中，有一道聽力題：

W: I hear there's a good Japanese restaurant nearby.Would you like to go there for lunch? M: Yes, but it's my treat this time.Q: What does the man mean?

譯文

W：我聽說附近有一家不錯的日本餐館，你愿意去那里吃午飯嗎? M：行，不過這次該我請了。Q：這位男士的話是什么意思?

本題有超過半數(shù)的考生未能答對，其原因顯然是對treat這一詞的掌握不夠全面。因此考生應熟記一些口語中常出現(xiàn)而和書面語中用法不同的單詞，短語及表達方法，以下各例例舉的是在四級英語聽力測試中曾出現(xiàn)過的學生易理解錯的部分單詞、短語及表達法。

(1)do進展，進行(作為不及物動詞)

例如：

How are you doing on your paper? 你的論文進展順利嗎? How did you do in the examination? 你考得怎么樣?(2)dean不動，失靈

例如：

The car is totally dead.這輛車完全開不動了。

(3)fix修理，確定，準備

例如：

I'm going to fix the bicycle myself.我打算自己修理自行車。

We have to fix a date for the next meeting.我們應確定下一次會議的日期。She's fixing breakfast for three of us.她正在為我們三人準備早餐。(4)check(憑客票)托運(用于美國英語)

例如：

We checked two trunks to Chicago.我們把兩個箱子托運到芝加哥。

(5)work out產生結果，成功

例如：

The plan worked out badly.計劃執(zhí)行得很不成功。

(6)agree with(食物、氣候等)適合某人

例如：

The climate here doesn't agree with me.我不適應這里的氣候。

(7)pick up順便去買，把??載上車

例如：

Don't forget to pick up bananas on your way home.回家途中別忘了順便買些香蕉。

Shall I pick you up at the station? 要我開車到車站支接你嗎?(8)go Dutch 各人付各人的帳

例如：

let's go Dutch.咱們各付各的帳。

(9)be around 露面，被見到

例如：

He'll be around this afternoon.今天下午可以見到他。

(10)call on sb.請某人回答問題/講話

例如：

The chairman called on me to speak at the meeting.會議主席要我在會上發(fā)言。

(11)How are you going?你好嗎?

其實這一表達法類似于“How are you?”，也是常用于口語中的問題候語。類似的表達法還有：

How are things going?近來好嗎? How is everything?一切都好嗎? How are you getting on/along?你過得好嗎? 然而學生往往只熟悉“How are you?”，因此在聽力測試中就不能正確理解其它類似的表達法。

(12)I can't agree with you more.我完全同意你的想法。

這是一句典型的形式否定而意思肯定的句子，這種句子在口語中出現(xiàn)得較多。又如：

I couldn't be more sure.我再肯定不過了。學生若不熟悉這種口語表達法，對聽到的句子所表示的肯定意義就無法做出正確判斷。

由此可見英語口語中一些常用的詞、詞組或表達法和書面語確有差別，學生應該不斷積累這些語言知識，才會為提高自己的聽力水平打下基礎。

2、英語口語表達方式

熟悉英語口語表達方式對于提高學生英語聽力水平也起著至關鍵重要的作用。用的口語表達只是一種直接的信息交流。如1998年1月的四級聽力測試中有一題：

W: I'd love to see a different type of movie for a change.I'm tired of movies about romantic stories.M: I agree.Let's go and see a nwe movie at the Royal Theatre.I hear it's a real story of two prison breakers.Q: What kind of movie does the woman find boring?

對于這種聽力題，學生只要掌握了基本的口語詞匯及表達方式，并進行適當?shù)穆犃τ柧?，就能很容易抓住主要信息，然后做出正確判斷。

然而，在英美人的真實生活中，他們常常不是坦率地說出自己想說的話，而往往通過某種方式間接地去表達自己。這種“轉變抹角”的語言使用現(xiàn)象就是語言的間接性，間接地使用語言是英語語言交流的一個普遍現(xiàn)象。如果英語學習者不熟悉英語語言表達方式上的間接性，就會導致聽力測試中無法正確理解說話人的真正意圖。

例如在1993年6月的四級聽力測試中有一題：

W: I need a car this weekend, but mine has broken down.M: I'm sorry to hear it, but you can always rent one if you have a license.Q: What does the man mean? A)She can use his car.B)She can borrow someone else's car.C)She must get her car fixed.D)She can't borrow his car.正確答案為D。有近三分之二的考生未選對此題，他們將女士的話語理解成一個純粹的事實陳述，而不是間接的請求，而將男士的話語理解成一個建議而不是委婉的拒絕。如果將對話中隱含的部分加以補充，雙方的真實意圖就容易把握些。例如：

W: I need a car this weekend, but mine has broken down.(May I borrow yours?)

M: I'm sorry to hear it,(but you can't borrow mine.)You can always rent one if you have a license.由于禮貌相待是社會生活中起碼的準則，因此為了避免冒昧、唐突，甚至盛氣凌人，人們通?？傄乇苓@種直截了當?shù)恼埱蠛途芙^。在近幾年的四級聽力對話測試中，這種談話雙方間接表達自己的真實意圖的測試題目逐漸增多。不少考生認為自己聽懂了對話內容，但卻沒有能選出正確答案。其主要原因之一就是他們對會話內容的理解只停留在字面意思上，而沒能理解會話語言的話語意義，即說話人的真實意圖。因此通過各種途徑(如多聽多讀)來接觸英語會話顯得尤為必要。

******************* 常見口語表達方式 *******************

下面節(jié)選了聽力測試中常用的，并且在意義上容易弄錯的一些短語、習語和慣用法等。供考生學習參考：

absence of mind 心不在焉；發(fā)呆 apply one's mind to 專心于(某事)as good as gold(小孩)很乖 as right as rain 非常健康、很好的 at sb's back 支持某人

at the top of the ladder/tree 名列前茅 babe in the woods 天真而缺憲法經驗的人 bear watching 有希望；有前途

beat aroundabout the bush 旁敲側擊；轉彎抹角 back out 食言；變卦

back up sb./sth.支持；援助(某人)beyone(all)question 毫無疑問：無可爭辨

bird in the bush 未到手的東西；未定局的事情 bird in the hand 已到手的東西；已定局的事情 blow hot and cold 搖擺不定；反復無常

booked up 沒空；有約會；(戲票等)已被預訂一空 burn the midnight oil 開夜車；工作到深夜

bury/hide/have/put oneself 不愿接受或正視現(xiàn)實；采取鴕鳥政策 cannot help doing sth.不禁要(做某事)check in 登記；報到 check out 付帳后離開

check off/over/out sth.檢驗；復核

close/shut one's eye to 無視；對?置之不理 call it a day 今天就這樣算了；就干這里為止 come up with 趕上；提出

come off with flying colours 凱旋；太功告成 come about 發(fā)生

come to 總計；蘇醒；復原

count for little/nothing 無足輕重；微不足道 count for much 非常重要；關系重大 count on/upon 依靠，指望

do sb.a favour 幫(某人)一個忙

do sb.'s heart good 上某人當；受某人欺騙 do the business 起作用；奏效；可以滿足要求 do sth up brown 把(某事)徹底做好 a dog's age 很久，長久

down on one's luck 倒霉；不走運 draw(a)blank 失??；落空

draw the/a line 拒絕做某事；對某事有節(jié)制 draw one's time(被迫地)辭去工作 dying for 渴望，非常想 dying of ??得要死

eat one's heart out 憂傷過度

have other fish to fry 另外有事要做，別有要事 have the game in one's hand 穩(wěn)操勝券

keep/have/one's feet on the ground 講究實際 keep one's nose clean 安分守已

lay sth.at sb's door 把(責任等)推給(某人)lead sb.a dance 給(某人)帶來不少麻煩 leave that to sb.由某人決定

let the cat out of the bag 泄露秘密 lose one's heart to 愛上了；非常喜歡

make a point of doing sth.堅持做某事；決心做某事 make believe 裝作；假裝 man of his word 守信用的人 man of iron 意志堅強的人

man of the world 深通世敵的人，閱歷豐富的人 miss the boat/bus 錯過機會；坐失良機 move heaven and earth 竭盡全力；全力以赴 nine times out of ten 十有八九；通常；多半 not in the same street with 無法與?相比 not know sb.from Adam 不認識某人

off the top of one's head 不加思索地；不清楚 on the top of the world 對一切都滿意 out of the question 不能考慮的，完全不可能的 out of the swim 不了解情況，不熟悉內情 out of tune(with?)(與?)不一致，不協(xié)調 out of lunch 注意力不集中；心不在焉 pay lip-service to 只說不做；唱高調

eat one's words 收回前言；認錯道歉(不是“食言”)face the lousic 毅然面對困難；勇于承擔后果 fall behind 落后；跟不上

fall on one's face 徹底失??；慘敗 fall over each other 爭先恐后

far be it from me 我決不認為；我決不想要 fill in/fill out/fill up 把(表格等)填好 fish in troubled waters 混水摸魚；趁火打動 for the time being 暫時；眼下

get along 設法生活下去；相處；進展；離開；上(年紀)get into hot water 陷入困境

get off the ground 開始很順利；取得時展 give sb.a/the glad hand 熱烈歡迎(某人)give sth.a miss 避開(某物)；略去(某物)give/ lend an ear to 傾聽；注意

give sb.the green light 允許(某人)做某事 go to bed with the chickens 很早就寢

good, bad and indifferent 好的、壞的和一般的 hand it to sb.贊揚某人；承認某人的長處 hand in the air 未決定；懸擱著

hardly/scarcely?when? ?剛?就；一?就 have an eye for 對?有眼力；對?有識別力 have/get cold feet 害怕起琿；膽怯起來

have one's heart in the right place 好心好意 too clever by half(諷刺用)過分聰明

cannot see the wood for the trees 見樹不見林 under lock and key 妥善保管 up the pole 處于困境；進退兩難 up the wall 十分煩燥；非常惱火 wash one's handds 不管；不過問

wet behind the ears 乳臭未干的；不成熟的 what's what 具體情況；直相 while away 混時間；浪費時間

with open arms 熱烈地、親切地(表示歡迎)write home about 大書特書

penny wise and pound foolish 小處精明，大處糊涂(浪費)play one't best card 使出絕招 polish the apple 逢迎；拍馬 pocket one't dignity 放下架子 pull out all the stops 全力以赴；千主百計

put all one's eggs in one basket 孤注一擲；寄希望于某人(某事)put one's back into sht.盡最大努力去做(某事)put one's foot in one's mouth 說錯話；做錯事

put one's hand in one's pocket 準備花錢；準備解囊捐款 put sb.on his honour 信任某人

ring a bell 使想起(某事)；聽起來覺得耳熟 sleep like a log/top 睡得很熟；酣睡 song and dance 枯燥元味的廢話

sweep sth.under the carpet 隱瞞某事不讓別人知道 take a short-cut 走捷徑 take French leave 不告而別

take his words with a grain of salt 不全信某人的話 think on one's feet 思想敏捷；反應快

throw away/out the baby with the bathwater 棄沙拋金 throw cold water on 對?潑冷水；不贊成 throw up one's hand 放棄努力；認輸

turn/give the cold shoulder on/to sb.疏遠某人；冷淡某人

************************************* 顯示對話發(fā)生地點、人物關系的信號詞 *************************************

Airport:arrival/departure time, booking office, ticket agent, take off, board, land, flight, airways, airlines, flight number, by air Library:borrow, lend, latest issue, card, catalogue, call number, due, over due,fine, novel, renew, fiction, magazine, bookshelf Hotel:teception, receptionist, vacant beds, single room, double room, book a room, bath, lavatory, occupy a room, full, front desk, porter, tip, room key, roomnumber, suit Meeting:for, against, proposal, report, speech, suggest, disagree, agree, decide, point out, argue, chairman, conclusion Post office:mail, post, postage, stamp, parcel, telegram, urgent cable, airmail,registered letter, money order, ordinary mail, oversea mail Restaurant: reservation, bar, order, soft drink, dessert, salad, soup, menu, bread, potato, tomato, toast beef, meat, mutton, chicken, fry, pic, cake, I'm full,bill, waiter, waitress, go Dutch Store:size, color, style, price, cost, cheap, What can I do for you? How much does it cost? Fashion, expensive, counter, department, check out, brand, fresh, cash, pay, shop girl, assistant, counter, fashion School:department, Bachelor's degree, Master's degree, Doctor's degree, campus, lecture, dormitory, semester, term, playground, dining-hall, swimming pool, course, foreign language, gym, midterm exam, final exam, clinic, professor, assistant, lecturer, lab, test, required courses, elective courses, credit

Bank:draw on one's account, pay interest on..., open account, interest rate, fixed deposit, current account, bank clerk Barber's: haircut, hairstyle, hairdresser, shave, moustache, beard, spray, shampoo The Customs House:pay duty on..., duty free, free of charge, fill in the form

Dance:disco, dance with, have a ball, party, May I have the pleasure of next dance? Hospital:pain, cough, fever, vomit, headache, stomachache, temperature, heart, lung, blood-pressure, take medicine, pills, tablets, insomnia, indigestion, physician, surgeon, wards, operating room, pharmacy *********************

三、基本的聽力技能

*********************

在理解有聲語言的過程中，學生除了依靠所掌握的語言知識和文化背景知識之外，還必須求助于必要的聽力技能，例如要善于捕捉重要信息、進行正確推理、通過綜合歸納抓住講話的中心思想等。

在聽力測試放音之前，考生實際上就應該開始進入做題狀態(tài)。這時考生應該利用題目來播放之前及題目與題目之間的有限空隙時間，以試卷上所給的選項和文字為基礎，在聽的過程中對可題提出的問題或可能出的信息做出預測性判斷。這樣有助于大腦快速綜合組織起有意識的思維，做到有的放矢。

參見：如何運用預測技巧 1.捕捉重要信息

這是聽力理解的首要任務，遺漏了重要信息就不可能聽清講話的基本含義。要辯認重要信息又必須聚精會神聽清每一句話的主要意思，同時要邊聽邊思考，切忌主次不分，顧此失彼。有時重要信息出現(xiàn)在段首或段未。聽者往往受故事情節(jié)的干擾而忽略了帶關鍵性的第一句或最后一句。如4GSH2卷中有一段短文，一開媽就表明一家人尚未決定今夏去何處度假，接著詳述了前一年去黃石公園看熊的不同尋常的經歷。當問到“他們今年將去何處度假”時，大部分考生的回答是“去黃石公園看熊”。顯然忽略了短文的第一句。又如同一試卷中另一段短文，大意是某人去舊金山找Jordan先生談生意。結果由于種種原因，幾經周折仍未找到。但最后他還是表示在舊金山的觀光旅游確實是件東事，深感不虛此行。當問到“他對舊金山之行感覺如何”時，結果有30%的考生未能答對，其中一部分答了“大失所望”，而正確答案應是：“雖然生意沒有談成，但他在舊金山玩得很開心?！甭犃斫獾囊豁椫匾芰κ且险f話人思維的展開，理解話語中的前因后果，不能只注意片言只語，這種能力在聽力訓練中要著重培養(yǎng)。

另外，還可以利用轉折信號詞獲取重要信息在實際，人們除了通過語調變化以及重讀某些詞或短語來引起聽者注意外，還經常利用信號詞為聽者把握講話者的思路、觀點。在四級聽力考試中，利用轉折信號詞來設計題目的現(xiàn)象十分普遍。通常一方提出話題，另一方說“Yes”或“I'd like/love to?”,表示肯定的意思或贊同對方的觀點，但緊接著又說到“but?”或“however,?”等來表明自己的真實想法，而后者往往是選擇答案的關鍵，測試題也多圍繞著后半部分來設計。這類轉折信號詞或短語常見的有：but,however, otherwise, although, on the contrary等。******************* 如何運用預測技巧

*******************

對Section A中題目的預測，實際上是在錄音播放之前，根據(jù)每道題的四個選項對第三個說話者可能提出的問題進行的預測。

1.預測地點或場所

當四個選項無數(shù)為表示地點或場所的介詞短語時，對話中第三個說話者提出的問題肯定是問地點或場所的。這類對話中一般不直接給出地點，而是用最能反映或代表該地點的一個或數(shù)個關鍵詞來予以暗示。

例(CET-4)2001年 6月)

W: Oh, dear, I'm starving, I can't walk any further.M: Let's go to the restaurant across the street and get something to eat.Q: Where are the two people?

A)At home.B)In a restaurant.C)In a car.D)On the street.對話中的can't walk any further等詞暗示了他們既不可能在家里或在車里，也不可能在餐館里，選項D)On the street.才是他們所處的場所。2.預測時間

當四個選項均為表示時間的詞時，提問肯定與時間有關。答案往往是以對話中提到的第一個時間為基準，加上或減去后面提到的一個變動的時間然后得出的時間。但當對話中提到多個時間時應另當別論。

M: I wonder if Sue will be here by 5 o'clock.W: Her husband said she left home at half past four.She should be here at ten after five, and q quarter past five at the latest.Q: What time did Sue leave home?

A)5:15 B)5:10 C)4:30 D)5:00

詞題目中出現(xiàn)多個時間，聽的時候應特別留意與各個時間有關的關鍵詞。本題的關鍵詞是left home，答案為C)4：30。

3.預測職業(yè)或身份

當四個選項中均為表示職業(yè)或身份的名詞時，提問肯定與職業(yè)或身份有關。聽的時候，首先將注意力放在第一個說話者講話中的關鍵詞上，然后用第二個說話者的講話加以補充和證實，答案也就迎刃而解了。

例(CET-4 1997年6月)

M: How about the food I ordered? I've been waiting for twenty minutes already.W: Very sorry, sir.I'll be back with your order in a minute.Q: What's the woman's job? A)A shop assistant.B)A telephone operator.C)A waitress.D)A clerk.聽本題時，要注意捕捉關鍵詞the fod I ordered, 也就不難確定C)A waitress.為答案了。

4.預測人物關系

當四個選項中出現(xiàn)四種不同的人物關系時，提問往往是要針對對話中的人物關系來進行。這時，應把注意力放在關鍵詞上，并且也要注意第二個說話者的講話內容。

例：(CET-4 1997年1月)M: I've just brought your ladder back.Thanks for lending it to me.Where shall I leave it? W: Just leave it against the wall there.Use the ladder again any time.Q: What's the probable relationship between these two speakers?

A)Relatives.B)Roommates.C)Colleagues.D)Neighbours.該試題難度較大，ladder和 lending是關鍵詞，但也不容忽視第二個說話者的最后一句話。依據(jù)常理，借還梯子之類的事情通常應當發(fā)生在鄰里之間，故答案為D)Neighbours.5.預測行為或活動

當四個選項都以動詞開頭時，往往可以預測提問將圍繞“做什么”而進行，聽的時候要特別注意對話中的動詞或與動作有關的詞。

例：(CET-4 1999年6月)

W: If I buy some plants for the bouse, will you water them for me while I am away? M: Sure, I will, if you water mine while I'm on vocation.Q: What will the man do for the woman?

A)Clean her house while she is away.B)Buy her some plants and take care of them.C)Water her plants while she is away.D)Water her plants when he is not at work.本題的關鍵詞是動詞water，問題又是圍繞著男士是否愿意為女士water her plants而進行的，故選項C)Water her plants while she is away.為正確答案。

例：(CET-4 1998年1月)

M: It's such a beautiful day.Why not sit out in the backyard for a while and enjoy it? W: I'd love to.But there's a lot of laundry to do.Q: What will the woman probably do? A)Do her homework.B)Clean the backyard.C)Wash clothes.D)Enjoy the beautiful day

本題的關鍵詞是laundry, 雖然laundry為名詞，但在對話中卻明示了那位女士要做的事情，因此選C)Wash clothes.為正確答案。6.預測話題

當四個選項的內容各不相干時，一般可以預測提問將圍繞其中的一個選項來展開話題，問題通常是What are they talking about/complaining about?等。這時首先要特別留意四個選項中的關鍵詞，然后的時候努力去抓取與選項有關聯(lián)的詞語或內容。

例：(CET-4 1998年6月)

M: It's so hot today.I simply can't work.I wish therewere a fanin this room.W: So do I.I'll fall asleep if I stay here any longer.Q: What are they complaining about? A)The size of the room.B)Long working hours.C)The hot weather.D)The fan in the room.本題的第一句話 it's so hot today.非常關鍵，由此可以預測話題與氣候有關，繼續(xù)聽下文，使可斷定他們在抱怨的是炎熱的天氣，故選項C)The hot weather.為正確答案。

除了對 Section A 中對話可以進行預測以外，對Section B中的短文也可以在聽力測試過程中進行預測。

7.預測主題

任何一篇短文都會有一個主題。在聽到錄音之前，可根據(jù)每篇短文的三到四組選項，對短文的主題進行初步預測，因為選項中出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞往往可能暗示出短文的主題。此外，英美人說話喜歡直截了當、開門見山，故起始句往往可能是整篇短文的主題句。請看下到 三組選項(短文略)：

例：(CET-4 1998年6月)

14.A)The number of students they take in is limited.B)They receive little or no support from public taxes.C)They are only open to children from rich families.D)They have to pay more taxes.15.A)Private schools admit more students.B)Private schools charge less than religious C)Private schools run a variety of programs.D)Private schools allow wtudents to enjoy more freedom.16.A)The churches.B)The program designers.C)The local authorities.D)The state government.根據(jù)這三組選項不難預測出，這是一篇以學校為主題的短文，因為在選項中多次出現(xiàn)了schools, students等詞。這樣，聽的時候便有了一定的針對性，從而有助于有效地理解全文做出正確選擇。

8.預測問題

短文聽力測試往往是先聽短文，然后才出現(xiàn)問題。但在聽短文之前，可以根據(jù)選項所提供的信息，大致預測出后面將可牟提出什么樣的問題，并可用自己認為最簡練、易懂的方式在每組選項的前面或后面做一些記號，如：who, what, when, where等，以便有助于在聽的過程中捕捉信息。請看下列四組選項(短文略)：

例：(CET-4 2000年1月)

11.A)A car outside the supermarket.B)A car at the bottom of the hill.C)Paul's car D)The sports car.12.A)Inside the car.B)At the foot of the hill.C)In the garage.D)In the supermarket.13.A)The driver of the sports car.B)The two girls inside the car.C)The man standing nearby.D)The salesman from London.14.A)Nobody.B)The two girls.C)The bus driver.D)Paul.在以上四組選項中，預測難度最大的是第11組，盡管針對各個選項可能出現(xiàn)不同的預測，但Which car??或what??可能才是四個選項均可適用的提問方式?第12組的四個選項均為表示地點的介詞短語，由此可預測出該題目將用Where??提問。第13組與第14組的選項均為表示與人有關的名詞或代詞，故可預測針對這兩組題目將用Who...?提問。通過這樣的預測，在聽的過程中就可以有所側重、有的放矢。

以上只是對聽力測試中常用的預測技巧進行了簡單地分析與歸納，希望對廣大考生有所啟示或幫助。但要指出的是，預測僅僅只是聽力測試中的一項技巧而已，它并非萬能，在實際測試中，還有許多題目是不易或不可預測的，而堅實的語言基礎，豐富的語言文化背景知識，以及通過基本功的綜合訓練所獲得的必要的聽力技能，才是保證聽力測試取得成功的根本途徑。

2.作出正確判斷

1)推測言外之意

在對話中說話人常常出于某種考慮不直接表示是或否，而用迂回的方式間接回答，聽話人則必須從間接回答中迅速領悟說話的人的確切含意，如上文提到過的這個例子：

W: I need a car this weekend, but mine has broken down.M: I'm sorry to hear it, but you can always rent one if you have a licence.Q: What does the man mean?

A)She can use his car.B)She can borrow someone else's car.C)She must get her car fixed.D)She can't borrow his car.本題答案為選項D。本題具有一定的難度，只有不到1/3成績最好的考生答對本題，題中有兩處是關鍵所在：首先，rent表示“出租”或“租用”，而borrow則表示“借用”，將近半數(shù)的考生不能區(qū)別這兩個詞的含義，因而誤選了B項；其次?but you can always rent one if you have a licence在這里實際上是用迂回的方式拒絕借車，部分考生沒有聽懂這句話的言外之意，缺少這方面的訓練，因此誤選了A項或C項。

2)正確理解委婉的表達方法

例如：

I hope these apples are as good as they look.其言外之意是“恐怕這些蘋果不如它們看上去那么好吧”。這是對事物表示疑慮時的一種委婉的說法。正確理解各種委婉的表達方法也是一項重要的聽力技能。參見：聽力中常見比較句題型聽力中具有否定意義的結構

3.歸綱總結、抓住中心思想

試看一組對話：

W: Did you want a day course or an evening course? M: Well, it would have to be an evening course since I work during the day.當問到“他們在談什么時”，有1/4的考生未能答對，他們分別誤選了 a day course和an evening course。說明這些考生只抓住了一鱗半斤爪，而未能把對話的內容歸納為 the choice of courses(選課)。

綜合歸納是一項很有用的聽力技能，但不容易掌握，必須經過反復訓練才能見效。

4.根據(jù)不同題型特點，有針對性的練習。

參見：1.如何準備數(shù)字計算題

2.如何準備對話地點及人物關系題 3.如何準備復合式聽寫 4.有關短文部分的聽力技巧 ******************** 如何準備數(shù)字計算題 ********************

在歷年四級統(tǒng)考的聽力理解中，數(shù)字計算類題型每次都占有一定比例，一般為三題左右，這類題大多數(shù)是有關時間(年、月、日、時)、年齡、價格、倍數(shù)、路程或距離、房號、街道或樓層編號及電話號碼等。因此，考生在做這類題時，應掌握以下解題技巧：

1.首先要聽懂數(shù)詞。尤其要分辨清十幾與幾十(重音區(qū)別)，基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞，分數(shù)與小數(shù)的讀法。

2.聽到數(shù)字時要盡可能快地在心里重復，并用阿拉伯數(shù)字寫下來，以便記準這些數(shù)字。

3.從所給的選項中預測主要信息。如： A)Fifteen.B)Twenty-nine C)Sixeteen.D)Sixty.從本題的選項來看，C)與D)都是以six為詞根的近音詞，因此答案有可能從C)、D)中選

擇，故six后的音應為注意的重點。錄音稿為：

M: How many students will take the exam? W: Sixty have registered.We'll have sixteen from Asia, fifteen from Latin America and twenty-nine from Europe.Q: How many students does the woman will take the exam?(答案為D，分析基本正確)

4.對于聽需通過運算才能得出答案的題目，首先要做簡單的筆記，其次要注意表示數(shù)字間關系的詞。如表示快慢(fast, slow)，前后(before, after)，多少(more, less)，遲早(late, early)，以及一些表示倍數(shù)、分數(shù)、百分數(shù)等意義的詞，如half, double, twice, quarter, couple, pair, per cent, one third/fourth, dozen, century, fortnight,decade, discount, by the hour/day等。此外，英語中還有一些特殊的量詞表示法：如one in ten(1/10), one in nine(1/9),nine out of the(9/10),four feet by eight(長八英尺寬四英尺)等也須注意。

英語中還有一些數(shù)字的代用詞，其實也在傳達數(shù)字信息，如：half hour(半小時)，quarter(一刻鐘，四分之一，季度)，a dozen(一打，十二個)，score(二十)，monthly(一月一次)，daily(一日一次)，weekly(每周一次)，decade(十年)，century(世紀，百年)，millenium(千年)等。

英中常用的暗示運算的詞有：more, less, fast, slow, late, early, before, after, half, twice, three times, double, triple, quarter, one third, pair等。

5.考生要掌握好各種形式的數(shù)字讀法，以便有意識地進行4至5位數(shù)字聽力的反應練習，從而達到敏捷準確地獲取數(shù)與量的信息。

6.考生應掌握?？嫉挠嬎銉热荩盐罩饕畔⒓耙?guī)律，以達到準確計算的目的。如購物和買票。購物一般有折價，還需注意買單價和雙份價格的差異；買票時一般兒童為半價，學生有時也是。經常提問成人票價+孩子票價的總和，所以要注意提出的問題，避免近音詞的干擾。

******************************** 如何準備對話地點及人物關系題(一)********************************

在英語四級聽力測試中，經常會出現(xiàn)對特定的場所、人物的關系、身份或職業(yè)進行提問的題目，我們把它們歸納為場所關系類(Place & Relationship)題型。常見的提問形式有： 1.Where is the conversation most probably taking place? 2.Where is the man/woman probably going? 3.What most probably is the man? 4.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? 5.Who is the man/woman? 另外，職業(yè)身份題的提問一般是： 1.What's the man(woman)? 2.Who's the man(woman)? 3.What does the man(woman)do? 4.What's the man's(woman's)job? 要做好這類考題，首先要養(yǎng)成預期(prediction)的習慣。這類考題有一個很明顯的共同點，即看過幾個選項后，很容易判斷出將要提出的問題。這樣，可以做到心中有數(shù)，以便集中精力注意重要信息。這是平時訓練中要充分重視的技能。

其次，要提高判斷能力。我們在上面列出的五個問題句中，四個問句里有“probable”或“probably”。也就是說，要根據(jù)提供的信息進行合理的推斷。要做到判斷正確，關鍵詞必須抓住。如對話中出“cash the check”“open an account” 等，就很可能是銀行里的揚景。如出現(xiàn)“menu”“table”“order” 之類的詞，也許就是飯館的場景。另外，要做到判斷正確，還必須積累一定的文化背景知識。如1993年6月國家四級英語考試中有這樣一題：

M: Please buy two packs of cigarettes for me while you are at the store.W: I am not going to any store.I'm going to see Aunt Mary, but I will get them for you at the gas station.Q: Where will the woman stop on her way?

A)At a cigarette store.B)At a bus station.C)At a gas station.D)At Aunt Mary's.本題答案為選項C。有許多同學選錯了，是因為沒弄清Aunt Mary's 是女士的目的地，而不是中途停車之外。當然，也與不太清楚gas station(加油站)在美國也兼賣一些日用雜貨有關。

******************** 地點、人物關系(二)********************

對于這種考查地點、人物關系，職業(yè)身份的題，考生可以通過抓關鍵的特征詞來判斷。四級聽力中常見的人物關系及其常用特征用語和詞組有： Teacher and student(老師與學生)

examination, midterm, exam, test, quiz, homework, assignment, pass, arts courses, engineering courses, school campus, teachin building, teacher's office Librarian and student(圖書館工作人員與學生)

borrow, return, renew, on time, magazine, reference book, author, writer, shelves, check out, loan desk, library/card, cash or charge? Are you done? Shop-assistant and customer(店員與顧客)

Can I help you? but, sell, expensive, cheap, department, store, Lady's department, coat, shoes, hat, jacket, sweater, sale price, on sale, price, cut down, discount, cashier, auction, high-heeled shoes underwears, leather, plastic fabric, silk, jeans, pajama（睡衣）

Doctor and patient(醫(yī)生和病人)

What's the matter with you? a sore throat headache, flu, fever, what's your trouble, take one's temperature, give sb.an injection, take medicine, surgery Waiter(Waitress)and customer(侍者與顧客)

Anything to drink? What kind of wine do you want? Is that all? Finished? Anything else? order, menu, brandy, whisky, check, dessert, sandwiches 另外，考生還可以通過對話人的語氣、口吻來推測二者的關系，如：

W: This is the third time you've been late this week Robert, you'll have to do better than that, or I might find it necessary to let you go.M: It won't happen again, I assure you.Q: Who spoke to Robert?

A)His advisor B)His teacher C)His partner D)His boss

從說話人的態(tài)度和口氣來看，帶有較明顯的威脅的口氣，肯定不會是地位同級別的人之間的對話。由let you go可知，這顯然是一位老板警告員工別再遲到，否則會炒他魷魚。因此，選擇D。

對話是在特定場合下的人的行為。場合不同，人們的語言有所差異；人們的身份不同職業(yè)不同、關系親疏不同，說出的話也不同。因此，我們可以根據(jù)人們的語言推斷其身份、職業(yè)、關系對話的特定場合。堅持聽力訓練，不斷積累語言知識和文化背景知識，這類考題是不難應付的。

參考：顯示對話發(fā)生地點、人物關系的信號詞

******************** 如何準備復合式聽寫 ********************

Compound Dictation.這一部分的復雜性和難度體現(xiàn)在Compound上，它要求考生耳、眼、手并用，以詞匯的基本功來構筑起完美的語段。

1、強化單詞辨音及拼寫能力

單詞聽寫部分主要是測試考生的辨音能力和拼寫能力。因此，平時在準備四、六級詞匯考試時，一定要掌握單詞的讀音和正確拼寫。另外，單詞重音也很重要，重音沒有讀對，就會產生某個單詞見了認識，自己讀時也知道，在考題中聽到時既感到似曾相識又茫然的現(xiàn)象。例如：

content n.內容

content adj.甘愿的，滿意的；

ｐermit n.許可，執(zhí)照，營業(yè)證

permit vt.許可，允許。

再如：

high adj.高的，其名詞形式為height ［ｈｅｉｔ］，那么在考試時聽到這個詞準會茫然。

2、存儲信息，聽寫結合

聽寫要點部分要求考生在聽寫一個段落后寫出空格部分的要點。這一部分要比聽完一個段落后做選擇題部分難度大得多，也是考生們失分較多的部分發(fā)。作者認為，平時在聽力訓練過程中，應養(yǎng)成記筆記(note-kaking)的好習慣。具體方法如下：①抓主題句。抓主題句類似于精讀課堂上老師分析文章篇章結構一樣找到主題句(Topic Sentence)，以統(tǒng)率全篇。

聽的過程也是一樣，聽出并迅速記下主題句，即捕捉主要信息，不必拘泥于某個細節(jié)的理解。一般而言，主題句常出現(xiàn)在段首或段尾，當然個別的時候也有可能在段落的中間。②捕捉關鍵詞。關鍵詞(Key Words)的記錄也相當重要，它直接關系到列舉要點，有利于問題的解答。記下關鍵詞，回頭做題時才有據(jù)可依，達到以一詞得全句的效果。這個功夫可下在平時，平時復述課文可用這種方法。一個個關鍵詞語組成一個個句子，從而可以復述全文。③學會速記技巧。和漢語速記一樣，做英語筆記時同樣需要速記技巧，盡量用符號來代替字母的拼寫。如：〉(more than);>(less than);+(add/and/plus);-(minus/take away);×(multiplied by/times by)÷(divided by);=(is equal to/equals);%(percent);0(degree);′(minute);″(second)。又如時間、長度、面積、體積、地名等也可用縮寫來記錄，如：hr(hour);km(kilometer);kg(kilogram);l(litre);sq.m(square meter);NY(New York)。其他一些國際機構、組織名稱同樣可用縮寫詞來代替，例如：UN(the U-nited Nations);NATO(the North Atlantic Treaty Organization)等等。這些速記技巧在聽新聞時顯得尤為重要。

3、巧用試卷，合理預測

與其它聽力測試題型不同，復合式聽寫的一部分內容已經印制在試卷上，考生應充分利用考試時間的間隙迅速瀏覽一下卷面，通過捕捉卷面文字信息，找出線索，如文章的主題句等。預測短文大意等，這樣在聽時就會更有針對性，對聽懂全文至關重要。

首先，考生可以讀出文章的大意，然后按照語篇的行文能夠將語段的寫作色彩做出比較好的判斷。做了這些準備工作，就算完成了一半。大凡空白處都設計在表示狀態(tài)的形容詞以及連接詞之外，只要你已經具備了詞匯的基本功和上述的準備工作，那么填寫單詞一定沒有問題；填寫長句子的時候重點要放在聽大意上，不要因為一些只言片語而耽誤了對大意的把握。這是由試題的要求決定的，即寫出要點即可，而不強求照搬原句。需要注意的是整個聽音的過程都要精力集中。

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四、正確有效的聽音習慣 ************************

正確有效的聽音習慣也是提高聽力理解的保證。例如：

1.全神貫注，積極思考

有些同學在平時練聽力的時候，總是在學習累了，或準備睡覺的時候聽英語，結果養(yǎng)成了聽英語時注意力無法集中的毛病。練習聽力務必選擇頭腦清醒，興奮的時候，集中精力練習二、三十分鐘即可。每天堅持這樣做，可以達到事半功倍的效果。

2.邊聽邊記下要點

3.加強短時記憶(short term memory)能力 4.養(yǎng)成預期(prediction)的習慣。

所謂預期能力是指在聽的過程中對可能出現(xiàn)的信息要有所期待。如果新出現(xiàn)的信息與預期信息截然相反，又要善于迅速調整，不斷修正已作出的判斷。這種能力是重要的聽力技能之一，在平時訓練中要充分重視。

另外，大家可以在平時嘗試通過朗讀來提高聽力水平?！袄首x”是最好的老師。初學英語時，大家都經歷過朗讀課文而不是默讀?，F(xiàn)在的學生在學習英語時，由于基本的音標知道得差不多一般就不講究朗讀了，只是默讀。因為在默讀時便于更加容易地接受信息，即所謂的知識點。自然而然地，優(yōu)勢器官就變成了眼睛。這樣造成的明顯后果就是：讀單詞，音不準；讀長句子時總感到口腔遲鈍。原因就是，不朗讀就不能鍛煉口腔肌肉，不朗讀就不可能辨別、體會出每一個音素的正確發(fā)音，就更談不上什么連讀、爆破音了。

與學習漢語時進行對照，聽英語的過程實際上可以近似地理解為你自己在實際朗讀。如果你在朗讀英語時語音基本標準，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)當你在聽英語的時候，總有些讀法和你讀的比較相似。如果你朗讀時的英語很地道，就會覺得有些東西與錄音中的東西相當吻合。可是因為你的“聽力”有點“差”，所以你聽不懂那些音節(jié)連綴起來是什么意思。這時，問題就不是聽而是怎樣進行高速的英漢互譯。如果你平時“聽”英語的時間很少，那么你進行這種英漢互譯的訓練就很少，達不到條件反射的目的，你也就顯得“聽力”很弱了。所以在背單詞時，希望大家讀出聲來記憶詞音而不單純記憶詞型的原因也就在于這里。短期內如果要提高聽力水平可以參考下述步驟。首先，找一套標準化的聽力試題，用盡量標準的語音、語速朗讀 Tape Script，希望讀得很熟。然后在不對照原文的情況下聽磁帶。這時，你一定會有種“似曾相識燕歸來”的感覺。借助著這種方法可以提高聽覺器官對英語的敏感度。然后再去聽另一套試題，你會聽到一些即熟悉又陌生的東西。接下來，就要靠你自己不斷地總結經驗了。因為語音這個東西是個感覺，是未必可以用語言來描述的。只有實實在在地將這種對語音的感知固化在頭腦中，你聽英語的能力才會真正有所提高。

平時的練習是打基礎，要在四級聽力測試中取得令人滿意的成績，考試時的臨場發(fā)揮也相當重要?？忌獙W會精神放松，把考試只當你一次平時練習，在自己的考場坐位上做幾次深呼吸，看看考場四周，熟悉熟悉環(huán)境，這樣可以有助于緩解緊張情緒，全神貫注于聽的內容。正式開始做題之后，要嚴格控制答題時間，根據(jù)自己聽懂的內容，盡快確定并標出答案。倘若遇到沒聽懂的地方，不要理會它，以免影響做下一題，盡量余下幾秒再次瀏覽下一題的選項。通過再次瀏覽，考生基本上可以預測出所提問題的大致方向，從而可使自己在聽力測試中處于主動地位。當做上一題余下的幾秒鐘內看不完下一題的書面選擇項時，則應把注意力放在聽上，而不要為了看而耽誤了聽錄音的內容，否則會造成題與題之間相互影響的惡生循環(huán)。

總之，要對自己有信心，相信自己的能力，堅信只要專心致志，只要盡了最大努力，就一定能發(fā)揮出自己的實際水

第四篇：聽力常用口語表達

常用的口語詞組和表達

************************ 聽力中具有否定意義的結構 ************************(1)包含否定性的關鍵詞

W:What kind of fruit would you like, apple or orange? M:Neither.Actually, I prefer banana to any other fruit.Q: What did the man mean?

A)He didn't like any fruit.B)He wanted other kinds of fruit.C)He liked banana more than any other fruit.D)He liked all sorts of fruit except for apple and orange.本句中neither是一個關鍵詞，出這個詞可知，男方既不喜歡蘋果也不喜歡桔子，再配合后一句話可知，他只愛香蕉。因此選C為正確答案。否定形式的關鍵詞主要有以下類型：

表示否定意義的副詞和形容詞，如 hardly, rarely, little, seldom, few, never 等。表示否定意義的代詞和連詞，如：nothing, nobody, neither, nor, none等。

由否定前綴或否定后綴構成的詞。常見否定前綴有im-,un-,dis-,non-;常見否定后綴有-less等。

表示否定意義的動詞、動詞短語或介詞短語，如：fail, miss, avoid, deny, hate, refuse, doubt, far from, anything but, instead of, rather than等。

從所表達的否定的意義上來講可分為：

1.全部否定 用完全否定詞no, none, nobody, no one, nothing, nowhere, never, neither, not等表示。

2.部分否定 常用半否定詞seldom, rarely, few, hardly, little等來否定其中一部分。此外，還可用not與always, all, entirely, both, every連用，表示部分否定。3.雙重否定 雙重否定通常表示肯定意義，往往是加強語氣。

4.強調否定 常見的否定詞或短語有：never, little, barely, seldom, in no way, by no means, under no circumstances, on no account, 且為倒裝語序。5.含否定意思的動詞、動詞短語，介詞、介詞詞組等 如deny, without, too?to, anything but, miss, fail, rather than, instead of等。(2)否定式句法結構

常用的否定結構有too?to結構，強調否定式結構，如以 never, little, rarely等詞開頭的倒裝句，以及雙重否定式結構，如not uncommon, not impossible, No one can deny?, not careless等。這類否定較為常見，要求考生敏感地覺察出句子的否定意味，否則就會造成判斷錯誤。如：

W: I heard the student bus was overturned in a traffic accident M: Yes, and what is more, no one on the bus was not injured.Q: How many were injured in the accident? A)No one on the bus was injured.B)More than one student on the bus was injured.C)Every one on the bus was injured.D)Only one student on the bus was injured.如果聽出男方話中的雙重否定結構，就不難選出正確答案C〉但如果未聽出雙重否定結構，漏聽一個或兩個not，那么就極可能選出A或D。(3)對一方觀點的委婉否定

這種現(xiàn)象也比較常見。英美人否定他人觀點一般不直接表述，而采取十分委婉的方式，顯得禮貌和尊重對方，因此要特別注意。如：

M: You have been in London for several months.How do you like the city? W: The only thing is the sun never shines.It's always gray and gloomy.Q: What doesn't the woman seem to like about London?

A)The unsmiling faces B)The weather C)The Londoners D)The sun

由女方的話中不難體會出，這位女士除了抱怨倫敦整天霧氣蒙蒙，難見艷陽之外，別的方面還算過得去。因此，答案是B。

************************************************ 英語口語特點實例分析及常見口語表達方式

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1、英語口語表達方法

英語口語表達主要是靠一些口語常用的單詞、短語及習慣表達法來實現(xiàn)的。而且口語中使用的單詞大都是音節(jié)較少的詞。如單音節(jié)或雙音節(jié)詞，這些詞往往都是學生很熟悉的，如work, make, fix, pick等。在聽力測試中，學生大都能聽清楚這些詞的發(fā)音，但卻不能揣摩出整個句子的含義，因為他們往往是在書面語的語境里掌握這些詞的，殊不知在口語中，這些詞的意思發(fā)生了變化。

例如：A: You have 15 minutes to get your train.B: All right, I guess I can make it.譯文

A：你只有一刻鐘的時間去趕乘這班火車了。B：沒關系，我想我趕得上。

W: I hear there's a good Japanese restaurant nearby.Would you like to go there for lunch? M: Yes, but it's my treat this time.Q: What does the man mean?

譯文

W：我聽說附近有一家不錯的日本餐館，你愿意去那里吃午飯嗎? M：行，不過這次該我請了。Q：這位男士的話是什么意思?

2(1)do進展，進行(作為不及物動詞)

How are you doing on your paper? 你的論文進展順利嗎? How did you do in the examination? 你考得怎么樣?(2)dead不動，失靈

The car is totally dead.這輛車完全開不動了。

(3)fix修理，確定，準備

I'm going to fix the bicycle myself.我打算自己修理自行車。

We have to fix a date for the next meeting.我們應確定下一次會議的日期。She's fixing breakfast for three of us.她正在為我們三人準備早餐。(4)check(憑客票)托運(用于美國英語)

We checked two trunks to Chicago.我們把兩個箱子托運到芝加哥。(5)work out產生結果，成功

The plan worked out badly.計劃執(zhí)行得很不成功。

(6)agree with(食物、氣候等)適合某人

The climate here doesn't agree with me.我不適應這里的氣候。

(7)pick up順便去買，把??載上車

Don't forget to pick up bananas on your way home.回家途中別忘了順便買些香蕉。Shall I pick you up at the station? 要我開車到車站支接你嗎?(8)go Dutch 各人付各人的帳

let's go Dutch.咱們各付各的帳。

(9)be around 露面，被見到

He'll be around this afternoon.今天下午可以見到他。

(10)call on sb.請某人回答問題/講話

The chairman called on me to speak at the meeting.會議主席要我在會上發(fā)言。(11)How are you going?你好嗎? 其實這一表達法類似于“How are you?”，也是常用于口語中的問題候語。類似的表達法還有： How are things going?近來好嗎? How is everything?一切都好嗎? How are you getting on/along?你過得好嗎?(12)I can't agree with you more.我完全同意你的想法。

這是一句典型的形式否定而意思肯定的句子，這種句子在口語中出現(xiàn)得較多。又如： I couldn't be more sure.我再肯定不過了。

學生若不熟悉這種口語表達法，對聽到的句子所表示的肯定意義就無法做出正確判斷。

2、英語口語表達方式 ****************** 常見口語表達方式 *******************

下面節(jié)選了聽力測試中常用的，并且在意義上容易弄錯的一些短語、習語和慣用法等。供考生學習參考：

absence of mind 心不在焉；發(fā)呆 apply one's mind to 專心于(某事)as good as gold(小孩)很乖

as right as rain

非常健康、很好的 at sb's back 支持某人

at the top of the ladder/tree 名列前茅 babe in the woods 天真而缺憲法經驗的人 bear watching 有希望；有前途

beat aroundabout the bush 旁敲側擊；轉彎抹角 back out 食言；變卦

back up sb./sth.支持；援助(某人)beyone(all)question 毫無疑問：無可爭辨

bird in the bush 未到手的東西；未定局的事情 bird in the hand 已到手的東西；已定局的事情 blow hot and cold 搖擺不定；反復無常

booked up 沒空；有約會；(戲票等)已被預訂一空 burn the midnight oil 開夜車；工作到深夜

bury/hide/have/put oneself 不愿接受或正視現(xiàn)實；采取鴕鳥政策 cannot help doing sth.不禁要(做某事)check in 登記；報到 check out 付帳后離開

check off/over/out sth.檢驗；復核

close/shut one's eye to 無視；對?置之不理 call it a day 今天就這樣算了；就干這里為止 come up with 趕上；提出

come off with flying colours 凱旋；太功告成 come about 發(fā)生

come to 總計；蘇醒；復原

count for little/nothing 無足輕重；微不足道 count for much 非常重要；關系重大 count on/upon 依靠，指望

do sb.a favour 幫(某人)一個忙

do sb.'s heart good 上某人當；受某人欺騙 do the business 起作用；奏效；可以滿足要求 do sth up brown 把(某事)徹底做好 a dog's age 很久，長久

down on one's luck 倒霉；不走運 draw(a)blank 失??；落空

draw the/a line 拒絕做某事；對某事有節(jié)制 draw one's time(被迫地)辭去工作 dying for 渴望，非常想 dying of ??得要死

eat one's heart out 憂傷過度

have other fish to fry 另外有事要做，別有要事 have the game in one's hand 穩(wěn)操勝券

keep/have/one's feet on the ground 講究實際 keep one's nose clean 安分守已

lay sth.at sb's door 把(責任等)推給(某人)lead sb.a dance 給(某人)帶來不少麻煩 leave that to sb.由某人決定

let the cat out of the bag 泄露秘密 lose one's heart to 愛上了；非常喜歡

make a point of doing sth.堅持做某事；決心做某事 make believe 裝作；假裝 man of his word 守信用的人 man of iron 意志堅強的人

man of the world 深通世敵的人，閱歷豐富的人 miss the boat/bus 錯過機會；坐失良機 move heaven and earth 竭盡全力；全力以赴 nine times out of ten 十有八九；通常；多半 not in the same street with 無法與?相比 not know sb.from Adam 不認識某人

off the top of one's head 不加思索地；不清楚 on the top of the world 對一切都滿意

out of the question 不能考慮的，完全不可能的 out of the swim 不了解情況，不熟悉內情 out of tune(with?)(與?)不一致，不協(xié)調 out of lunch 注意力不集中；心不在焉 pay lip-service to 只說不做；唱高調

eat one's words 收回前言；認錯道歉(不是“食言”)face the lousic 毅然面對困難；勇于承擔后果 fall behind 落后；跟不上

fall on one's face 徹底失敗；慘敗 fall over each other 爭先恐后

far be it from me 我決不認為；我決不想要 fill in/fill out/fill up 把(表格等)填好 fish in troubled waters 混水摸魚；趁火打動 for the time being 暫時；眼下

get along 設法生活下去；相處；進展；離開；上(年紀)get into hot water 陷入困境

get off the ground 開始很順利；取得時展 give sb.a/the glad hand 熱烈歡迎(某人)give sth.a miss 避開(某物)；略去(某物)give/ lend an ear to 傾聽；注意

give sb.the green light 允許(某人)做某事 go to bed with the chickens 很早就寢

good, bad and indifferent 好的、壞的和一般的 hand it to sb.贊揚某人；承認某人的長處 hand in the air 未決定；懸擱著

hardly/scarcely?when? ?剛?就；一?就 have an eye for 對?有眼力；對?有識別力 have/get cold feet 害怕起琿；膽怯起來

have one's heart in the right place 好心好意 too clever by half(諷刺用)過分聰明

cannot see the wood for the trees 見樹不見林 under lock and key 妥善保管 up the pole 處于困境；進退兩難 up the wall 十分煩燥；非常惱火 wash one's handds 不管；不過問

wet behind the ears 乳臭未干的；不成熟的 what's what 具體情況；直相 while away 混時間；浪費時間

with open arms 熱烈地、親切地(表示歡迎)write home about 大書特書

penny wise and pound foolish 小處精明，大處糊涂(浪費)play one't best card 使出絕招 polish the apple 逢迎；拍馬 pocket one't dignity 放下架子

pull out all the stops 全力以赴；千主百計

put all one's eggs in one basket 孤注一擲；寄希望于某人(某事)put one's back into sht.盡最大努力去做(某事)put one's foot in one's mouth 說錯話；做錯事

put one's hand in one's pocket 準備花錢；準備解囊捐款 put sb.on his honour 信任某人

ring a bell 使想起(某事)；聽起來覺得耳熟 sleep like a log/top 睡得很熟；酣睡 song and dance 枯燥元味的廢話

sweep sth.under the carpet 隱瞞某事不讓別人知道 take a short-cut 走捷徑 take French leave 不告而別

take his words with a grain of salt 不全信某人的話 think on one's feet 思想敏捷；反應快

throw away/out the baby with the bathwater 棄沙拋金 throw cold water on 對?潑冷水；不贊成 throw up one's hand 放棄努力；認輸

turn/give the cold shoulder on/to sb.疏遠某人；冷淡某人 ************************************* 顯示對話發(fā)生地點、人物關系的信號詞 *************************************

Airport: arrival/departure time, booking office, ticket agent, take off, board, land, flight, airways, airlines, flight number, by air Library: borrow, lend, latest issue, card, catalogue, call number, due, over due, fine, novel, renew, fiction, magazine, bookshelf Hotel: reception, receptionist, vacant beds, single room, double room, book a room, bath, lavatory, occupy a room, full, front desk, porter, tip, room key, room number, suit Meeting: for, against, proposal, report, speech, suggest, disagree, agree, decide, point out, argue, chairman, conclusion Post office: mail, post, postage, stamp, parcel, telegram, urgent cable, airmail, registered letter, money order, ordinary mail, oversea mail Restaurant: reservation, bar, order, soft drink, dessert, salad, soup, menu, bread, potato, tomato, toast beef, meat, mutton, chicken, fry, pic, cake, I'm full, bill, waiter, waitress, go Dutch Store: size, color, style, price, cost, cheap, What can I do for you? How much does it cost? Fashion, expensive, counter, department, check out, brand, fresh, cash, pay, shop girl, assistant, counter, fashion School: department, Bachelor's degree, Master's degree, Doctor's degree, campus, lecture, dormitory, semester, term, playground, dining-hall, swimming pool, course, foreign language, gym, midterm exam, final exam, clinic, professor, assistant, lecturer, lab, test, required courses, elective courses, credit

Bank: draw on one's account, pay interest on..., open account, interest rate, fixed deposit, current account, bank clerk Barber's: haircut, hairstyle, hairdresser, shave, moustache, beard, spray, shampoo The Customs House: pay duty on..., duty free, free of charge, fill in the form

Dance: disco, dance with, have a ball, party, May I have the pleasure of next dance? Hospital: pain, cough, fever, vomit, headache, stomachache, temperature, heart, lung, blood-pressure, take medicine, pills, tablets, insomnia, indigestion, physician, surgeon, wards, operating room, pharmacy ******************************** 如何準備對話地點及人物關系題(一)********************************

在英語四級聽力測試中，經常會出現(xiàn)對特定的場所、人物的關系、身份或職業(yè)進行提問的題目，我們把它們歸納為場所關系類(Place & Relationship)題型。常見的提問形式有：

1.Where is the conversation most probably taking place? 2.Where is the man/woman probably going? 3.What most probably is the man? 4.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? 5.Who is the man/woman? 另外，職業(yè)身份題的提問一般是：

1.What's the man(woman)? 2.Who's the man(woman)? 3.What does the man(woman)do? 4.What's the man's(woman's)job? 要做好這類考題，首先要養(yǎng)成預期(prediction)的習慣。這類考題有一個很明顯的共同點，即看過幾個選項后，很容易判斷出將要提出的問題。這樣，可以做到心中有數(shù)，以便集中精力注意重要信息。這是平時訓練中要充分重視的技能。

其次，要提高判斷能力。我們在上面列出的五個問題句中，四個問句里有“probable”或“probably”。也就是說，要根據(jù)提供的信息進行合理的推斷。要做到判斷正確，關鍵詞必須 抓住。如對話中出“cash the check”“open an account” 等，就很可能是銀行里的揚景。如出現(xiàn)“menu”“table”“order” 之類的詞，也許就是飯館的場景。另外，要做到判斷正確，還必須積累一定的文化背景知識。如1993年6月國家四級英語考試中有這樣一題：

M: Please buy two packs of cigarettes for me while you are at the store.W: I am not going to any store.I'm going to see Aunt Mary, but I will get them for you at the gas station.Q: Where will the woman stop on her way? A)At a cigarette store.B)At a bus station.C)At a gas station.D)At Aunt Mary's.本題答案為選項C。有許多同學選錯了，是因為沒弄清Aunt Mary's 是女士的目的地，而不是中途停車之外。當然，也與不太清楚gas station(加油站)在美國也兼賣一些日用雜貨有關。

******************** 地點、人物關系(二)********************

對于這種考查地點、人物關系，職業(yè)身份的題，考生可以通過抓關鍵的特征詞來判斷。四級聽力中常見的人物關系及其常用特征用語和詞組有：

Teacher and student(老師與學生)

examination, midterm, exam, test, quiz, homework, assignment, pass, arts courses, engineering courses, school campus, teachin building, teacher's office Librarian and student(圖書館工作人員與學生)

borrow, return, renew, on time, magazine, reference book, author, writer, shelves, check out, loan desk, library/card, cash or charge? Are you done? Shop-assistant and customer(店員與顧客)

Can I help you? but, sell, expensive, cheap, department, store, Lady's department, coat, shoes, hat, jacket, sweater, sale price, on sale, price, cut down, discount, cashier, auction, high-heeled shoes underwears, leather, plastic fabric, silk, jeans, pajama（睡衣）

Doctor and patient(醫(yī)生和病人)

What's the matter with you? a sore throat headache, flu, fever, what's your trouble, take one's temperature, give sb.an injection, take medicine, surgery Waiter(Waitress)and customer(侍者與顧客)

Anything to drink? What kind of wine do you want? Is that all? Finished? Anything else? order, menu, brandy, whisky, check, dessert, sandwiches

第五篇：英語中考聽力口語人機對話測試訓練計劃

2014英語中考聽力口語人機對話測試復習計劃

九年級 備課組

人機對話考試對學生語言表達的完整性、準確性、流利性、韻律性等方面的評判更加全面規(guī)范，這就要求學生必須通過扎實有效的復習訓練，使他們的發(fā)音更加標準、地道。所以，我們九年級備課組擬以《2014年江蘇省初中英語聽力口語自動化考試綱要》作為訓練的藍本，充分利用各種資源進行針對性訓練，如《江蘇2014年初中英語人機對話英語聽力模擬題》、《初中英語聽讀空間中考特輯》以及2013年人機對話測試題等進行模擬訓練。

為了更好地做好復習訓練工作，我們要結合各學校實踐中所形成的行之有效的經驗，適時開展形式多樣的訓練活動，提高訓練效率：

1.晨讀課和早讀課：以讀課本為主。

2.利用一個晚讀課有計劃地訓練《初中英語聽力口語自動化考試綱要》的30篇短文和40篇話題簡述。每節(jié)晚讀課安排兩篇短文、兩個話題簡述。讓學生大聲跟錄音朗讀，模仿錄音中的語音、語調、節(jié)奏、停頓等，老師適時指導，教給學生必備的朗讀技巧，如重音、連讀、失去爆破、同化、意群停頓等。然后，學生自由朗讀，老師進行個別指導，及時提供幫助，糾正學生的錯誤發(fā)音。

3.保證每節(jié)英語課都有5分鐘左右的聽力訓練。

4.利用一個晚讀課、英語晚自習的一節(jié)課（3月份）和一節(jié)英語思維訓練課進行專項聽力訓練（4月份），每節(jié)課安排兩三份聽力綜合訓練題。在訓練聽力時，注重對學生答題技巧的指導，例如，巧妙預測；順序答題；邊聽邊記；抓關鍵詞句；大膽猜測等等。

5.通過仿真模擬，進行適應性訓練，實現(xiàn)練考無縫對接。以班級為單位，組織學生上機操作，讓學生熟悉人機對話考試的操作流程、測試程序和相關的注意事項，熟練掌握耳麥佩戴方法、計算機操作等技能，掌握控制音量大小、語速快慢等技巧，掌握答案修改、答案提交等具體方法。根據(jù)模擬考試反饋報告反饋復習訓練、上機操作、考試組織等各方面工作中存在的問題。

附時間安排表：

1.3月1日——3月22日，第一輪復習：

一節(jié)晚讀課：2個話題簡述、3篇朗讀材料，由英語教師+小組長檢查。

一節(jié)晚讀課和晚自習一節(jié)課：綜合聽力專項訓練，訓練材料：《江蘇2014年初中英語人機對話英語聽力模擬題》、《初中英語聽讀空間中考特輯》

2.3月24日——考試，第二輪復習：

三個晚讀課：1-2個話題簡述、2篇朗讀材料，由英語老師+小組長抽查；

一個晚讀課、晚自習一節(jié)課和英語思維訓練課：綜合聽力專項訓練，訓練材料：以仿真題、模擬題為主；

考試前的準備；真題模擬；關注重點名單，個別輔導。