第一篇：初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句的用法解析

初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句的用法解析

【摘要】定語(yǔ)從句是一種形容詞的關(guān)系從句。它由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)（1）。初中英語(yǔ)中的定語(yǔ)從句僅限于限制性定于從句，但對(duì)初中生來(lái)說(shuō)，定語(yǔ)從句既是一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，也是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)?！娟P(guān)鍵詞】定語(yǔ)從句 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系副詞

一、英語(yǔ)中的定語(yǔ)從句與漢語(yǔ)中的定語(yǔ)位置不同。在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。英語(yǔ)中的定語(yǔ)從句始終要放在被修飾的詞之后，而漢語(yǔ)中的定語(yǔ)則放在被修飾詞之前。如：

The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher.先行詞 定語(yǔ)從句

昨天我在校門口看見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人是我的英語(yǔ)老師。

二、英語(yǔ)從句中的句型結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜，有先行詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。限制性關(guān)系分句和它的先行項(xiàng)的所指意義有著不可分割的聯(lián)系（2）。關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間起紐帶作用，關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中要充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。關(guān)系代詞在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，關(guān)系副詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)。如：

I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat.（主語(yǔ)）

先行詞 關(guān)系代詞

我正在等穿著紅色外套的那個(gè)男孩。

The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(賓語(yǔ))先行詞 關(guān)系代詞

我姐姐上周星期天給我的那本字典很貴。

The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown.(定語(yǔ))先行詞 關(guān)系代詞

那個(gè)是他的母親，名叫琳達(dá)·布朗。

That is the house where my father used to live.(狀語(yǔ))先行詞 關(guān)系副詞

那是我父親曾經(jīng)居住過(guò)的房子。

三、初中英語(yǔ)中的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞的具體用法。

1.who指人（也可用that），在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，也可作賓語(yǔ)。如： Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way.（主語(yǔ)）

昨天我?guī)椭艘晃幻月返睦先恕?/p>

Mr Wang is the man(who / that / whom)you met in the zoo this morning.(賓語(yǔ))王先生就是今天早上你在動(dòng)物里遇到的那個(gè)人。

注意：關(guān)系代詞who指人,作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用whom代替；作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略。作其它成分，關(guān)系代詞則不能省略。

2.whose指人，也可指物。在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。

The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today.其母親生病的那個(gè)男孩今天呆在家里照顧她。I have a story book whose cover is red.我有一本封面是紅色的故事書。

3.which指物（也可用that），在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，也可作賓語(yǔ)。如： Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys.（主語(yǔ)）足球是被大多數(shù)男孩喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

I don’t believe the news which / that Tom won the game.(賓語(yǔ))我不相信湯姆贏得這場(chǎng)比賽的消息。

四、關(guān)系代詞whom, which在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以和介詞一起放在先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間。如：

That is the place in which I lived for five years.=That is the place which / that I lived in for five years.那就是我住過(guò)五年的地方。

Mr Zhang is the man for whom I am looking.=Mr Zhang is the man who / whom / that I am looking for.張先生就是我正在找的那個(gè)人。

五、具體使用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞需要注意的問(wèn)題。

1.先行詞是地點(diǎn)時(shí)，如果該先行詞做了定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that或which.如： The school that / which I used to study in is becoming better and better.(the school 作了介詞in的賓語(yǔ)。)我過(guò)去曾經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)的那所學(xué)校變得越來(lái)越好了。

先行詞是地點(diǎn)時(shí)，如果該先行詞不作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用where.如： The place where the accident happened isn’t far from our school.事故發(fā)生的那個(gè)地方離我們學(xué)校不遠(yuǎn)。

(定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞happened是不及物動(dòng)詞，它不跟賓語(yǔ)，而the accident又作了定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)，因此該定語(yǔ)從句既不需要主語(yǔ)，也不需要賓語(yǔ)。)2.只用that，不用which的情況。（1）前有序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。如：

This is the tenth gift that I received for my birthday.這是我收到的第十個(gè)生日禮物。

（2）前有形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。如：

That is the most exciting game that I have ever watched.那是我曾經(jīng)看過(guò)最令人興奮的比賽。

（3）先行詞是all, little, few, something, anything, everything等不定代詞時(shí)。如： All that he told me is true.他告訴我的一切是真實(shí)的。（4）先行詞被the only修飾時(shí)。如：

The only thing that I can get is a pen.我唯一能得到的東西就是一支鋼筆。（5）先行詞既指人，又指物時(shí)。如：

We talked about the people and the things that we were interested in.我們談?wù)摿宋覀兏信d趣的人和事。

3.只用which，不用that的情況。

（1）定語(yǔ)從句是物時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞which”引導(dǎo)。如： The thing about which the teacher is talking is very important.老師正在談?wù)摰哪羌路浅Ｖ匾?/p>

（2）先行詞本身是that, those時(shí)，如：

What’s that which is flying in the sky? 在天空中飛的那是什么？ 總之，我們作為初中英語(yǔ)教師要把初中英語(yǔ)中的定語(yǔ)從句講解清楚，幫助學(xué)生理解課文和閱讀理解中的定語(yǔ)從句，幫助學(xué)生用定語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行正確的書面表達(dá)，為以后更進(jìn)一步的學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

第二篇：初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和定語(yǔ)從句的用法詳解

初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法詳解

一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(The Active Voice)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(The Passive Voice)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。構(gòu)成：承受者+助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was/were+過(guò)去分詞 一般將來(lái)時(shí)：shall /will be +過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have /has been +過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are+being+過(guò)去分詞.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：should /would be +過(guò)去分詞.含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞.二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法

1)當(dāng)我們不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)，或者沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

2)當(dāng)我們需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

3)如果需要說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者, 用by引導(dǎo)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要與原句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與新主語(yǔ)保持一致。

三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況 1)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)

將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。

(主動(dòng))We bought a book yesterday.(被動(dòng))The book was bought yesterday.2)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)

將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。多數(shù)情況下將間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)。如果直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)時(shí)，間接賓語(yǔ)前要加介詞to / for。

(主動(dòng))He showed me a book yesterday.(被動(dòng))I was showed a book yesterday.(被動(dòng))The book was showed to me yesterday.3)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)

含有一個(gè)由賓語(yǔ)加賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)保留不變，成為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

(主動(dòng))I found him a good pupil.(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(被動(dòng))He was found a good pupil.(主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))

4)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

有些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，其后可以接賓語(yǔ)，因此它們也有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不可分割的整體，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)不可去掉其后面的介詞或副詞。

(主動(dòng))We should look after the patients very well.(被動(dòng))The patients should be looked after very well by us.5)賓語(yǔ)從句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

若主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中是賓語(yǔ)從句，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而把真正的主語(yǔ)放在后面。It’s said that he passed the exam.6)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)特殊問(wèn)題：

(1)不及物動(dòng)詞帶介詞和介詞賓語(yǔ)，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，仍然要帶上介詞。

(主動(dòng))The students in class listen to the teacher carefully.(被動(dòng))The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.(2)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞帶有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，并且賓補(bǔ)是省去“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中應(yīng)加上“to”。使役動(dòng)詞make have let，感官動(dòng)詞see watch notice hear feel等。

(主動(dòng))They make do all the work.(被動(dòng))We were made to do all the work.(主動(dòng))We often hear her sing English songs.(被動(dòng))She is often heard to sing English songs.(主動(dòng))I see him walk to school.(被動(dòng))He is seen to walk to school.初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句的用法詳解

一、定語(yǔ)從句的概念

在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞,定語(yǔ)從句一般放在先行詞的后面。

二、定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞

引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系代詞包括that, which, who(賓格whom,所有格whose)等,關(guān)系副詞包where, when, why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語(yǔ)從句之間起連接作用,同時(shí)又作定語(yǔ)從句的重要成分。

三、定語(yǔ)從句的分類

根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞的關(guān)系,定語(yǔ)從句可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句及非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞,主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),從句不可省去,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句主句與從句之間有逗號(hào)分開(kāi),起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。

四、關(guān)系代詞的用法

1.that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不可省略,作賓語(yǔ)可省略。例如: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂(lè)。(that作主語(yǔ))The coat(that)I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。(that作賓語(yǔ))2.which用于指物,在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)不可省略,作賓語(yǔ)可省略。例如: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。(作主語(yǔ))The film(which)we saw last night was wonderful.我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。(作賓語(yǔ))3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主語(yǔ),whom用作賓語(yǔ)。在口語(yǔ)中,有時(shí)可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如:

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.經(jīng)常在英語(yǔ)方面幫助我的那個(gè)女孩是英國(guó)人。(作主語(yǔ))Who is the teacher(whom)Li Ming is talking to? 正在與李明談話的老師是誰(shuí)?(作賓語(yǔ))注意:(1)當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中含有介詞,介詞放在句末時(shí),who, that, which可省略,但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí),只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如: This is the house in which we lived last year.這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔印?/p>

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請(qǐng)告訴我你從誰(shuí)那借的這本英文小說(shuō)。

(2)含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中,介詞不可前置,只能放在原來(lái)的位置上。例如: This is the person whom you are looking for.這就是你要找的那個(gè)人。

(3)that 作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),介詞不能放它的前面,只能放在從句中動(dòng)詞的后面。例如: The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常遠(yuǎn)。

(4)關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況:

a.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾,或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如: He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一個(gè)通過(guò)考試的人。

b.被修飾的先行詞為all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代詞時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如: Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎? c.先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等詞修飾時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如: This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。

d.先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí),只能用that, 而不用which.例如: I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個(gè)房間所見(jiàn)到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句,為避免重復(fù),只能用that.例如: Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)?

f.主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu),修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句用that,而不用which.例如: There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本書是湯姆的。

(5)關(guān)系詞只能用which,而不用that 的情況: a.先行詞為that, those時(shí),用which, 而不用that.例如: What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么? b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí),一般用which,而不用that.例如: This is the room in which he lives.這是他居住的房間。c.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,用which, 而不用that.例如: Tom came back, which made us happy.湯姆回來(lái)了,這使我們很高興。

五、關(guān)系副詞的用法

(1)when指時(shí)間,其先行詞表示時(shí)間,在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。

例如: This was the time when he arrived.這是他到達(dá)的時(shí)間。(2)where指地點(diǎn),其先行詞表示地點(diǎn),在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。例如: This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。(3)why 指原因,其先行詞是原因,起原因狀語(yǔ)作用。

例如: Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.沒(méi)人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。

第三篇：初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句(學(xué)生)

初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題

1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.Which B.where C.what D.in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke

B.to who spoke

C.I spoke to

D.that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A.which B.that C.when D.on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A.where B.to which C.which D.in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A.where B.that C.which D.there 8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A.who B.who's C.which D.whose

29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A.why;that B.that;why C.for that;that D.for which;what 32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _____ was very kind of them.A.who B.which C.that D.it 37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.that B.which C.from that D.from which 38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.that B.which C.who D.as 39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./ B.why C.when D.whose 40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A.that B.which C.it D.though 41.---Did you ask the guard _______ happened?---Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what;that B.what;what C.which;which D.that;that 42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.4-

第四篇：初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題

定語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)

一．定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：1)The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2)You must do everything that I do.上面兩句中的man和everything是定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞，叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞的后面。

引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞有：關(guān)系代詞that, which, who(賓格whom, 所有格whose)

關(guān)系副詞where, when、why 關(guān)系詞常有三個(gè)作用：

1、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句

2、代替先行詞

3、在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分

二、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 1.who指人，在從句中做主語(yǔ)

(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2.whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，常可省略。

(1)Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who代替，可省略。

(3)The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3.which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略

(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(which 在句子中做主語(yǔ))

(2)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.(which 在句子中做賓語(yǔ))4.that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。

(5)The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主語(yǔ))

(6)Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?(在句子中做賓語(yǔ))5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)

(1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2)I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替

(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三．關(guān)系副詞的用法：

1.when指時(shí)間，其先行詞表示時(shí)間，在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

It happned in November when the weather was wet and cold.2.where 指地點(diǎn)，其先行詞表示地點(diǎn)，在句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) Let’s look for a place where we can swim.3.why指原因，其先行詞常是reason，在句中做原因狀語(yǔ) Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.關(guān)系代詞只用that,不用which的情況

1.先行詞為：all,everything,anything,nothing ,little,much等不定代詞時(shí)。

He told me everything that he knows.2.先行詞被all ,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修飾時(shí)

All the books that you offered has been given out.3.先行詞有形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾，或先行詞本身就是最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞時(shí)。This is the best novel that I have ever read.4.先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)。

We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5.先行詞被the only,the very 修飾時(shí)。He is the only man that can do the work.6.句中已經(jīng)有who或which ,為了避免重復(fù)時(shí)，Who is the girl that is drawing a picture?

定 語(yǔ) 從 句 練習(xí)

用關(guān)系代詞填空：that、which、who、whom、whose 1.This is the man ________ wants to see you.2.The student ___________ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3.The man __________ you went to see has come.4.The man ___________I met yesterday lent me some money.5.The woman _______________ you saw is our geography teacher.6.The runner ________________ you are asking about is over there.7.The person ______________ you should write to is Mr.Ball.8.The man ___________was passing by saw what happened.9.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.10.These books _____________ you lent me were very useful.11.The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12.A clock is a machine ______ tells people the time.13.This is shirt ___________I bought yesterday.14.A dictionary is a book ________ gives the meaning to the word.15.The book ____________ is on the table is mine.16.The film ____________ they are talking about is very interesting.17.I will never forget the people and the places _____ I have ever visited.18.Is there anyone ____________ family is in Beijing? 19.Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer.20.The boy______ father is a teacher is good at English.單項(xiàng)選擇

（）1.Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A.who

B.which

C.whom

D.whose（）2.What’s the name of the program________.A.which are listening

B.you are listening to

C.to that you are listening

D.that you are listening（）3.The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday.A.in which

B.in that this

C.all that

A.whom

B.whose

A.where

D.in everything

D.which D.in that D.who（）4.He was the only person in his office______ was invited.C.that

（）5.This is the museum______ we visited last year.B.in which

C.which

C.which

（）6.Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A.that

B.what

（）7.Do you know the student_____?

A.whom I often talk

C.I often talk with

B.with who I often talk D.that I often talk

C.it's

D.its（）8.I like the house_____ windows face south.A.whose

B.who’s

A.what I need

B.I need

A.who

（）9.Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _____?

C.which I need it

D.that I need it

C.whom

D.that（）10.The young woman_____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.B.to whom

（）11． Did you find the notebook ______ Jim had given me for my birthday?

A.who

B.whom

C.which

D.whose（）12.That's all ______ I have seen and heard.A.which

B.that

C.where

D.what（）13.Have you seen the man _____ plan we were talking about______ yesterday ?

A.who, them B.its, them

C.whose,/

D.whose, them（）14.The Oscar is one of the film prizes ____ offered to any Chinese actor or actress so far.A.which are not

B.that have not been C.that has not

D.that has not been（）15.He never reads anything ______ is not worth reading.A.that

B.as

C.who

D.which（）16.The man ________ coat is black is waiting at the gate.A.who's

B.whose

C.that

D.of which（）17._________ cleans the classroom can go home first.A.Anyone

B.those who

C.However

D.The one who（）18.The police caught the man _______ stole my handbag.A.he

B.that

C.whom

D.which（）19.The girl ________ is reading under the tree ________ my sister.A.which, is

B.whom, was

C.who , is

D.who, was（）20.George Mallory was an English teacher _______ loved climbing.A.who

B.whom

C.he

D.which

第五篇：初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題

初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題

（一）一、選擇填空

1.Don’t talk about such things of _______ you are not sure.A.which

B.What

C.as

D.those 2.Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A.that

B.Where C.in which

D.the one 3.Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A.that

B.where

C.which

D.the one 4.Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago? A.that

B.where

C.which

D.the one 5.The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found.A.that

B.Where

C.in which

D.in that 6.The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice.A.at which

B.on that C.in which

D.of what 7.This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts..A.how you have observed

B.what you have observed C.that you have observed

D.how that you have observed 8.The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine.A.because

B.why

C.that

D.whether 9.I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.A.all which

B.That C.all that

D.which 10.That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old.A.whose

B.of which

C.in which

D.on which 11.I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.A.as

B.That

C.which

D.what 12.He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A.which

B.it

C.that

D.what 13.We’re talking about the piano and the pianist _______ were in the concert we attended last night.A.Which

B.whom

C.who

D.that 14.The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A.who is singing

B.is singing

C.sang

D.was singing 15.Those ___ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A.learn

B.Who

C.that learns

D.who learn 16.Anyone ________ this opinion may speak out.A.that against

B.that against

C.who is against

D.who are against 17.Didn’t you see the man ________?

A.I nodded just now

B.whom I nodded just now C.I nodded to him just now

D.I nodded to just now 18.Can you lend me the novel ______ the other day? A.that you talked

B.you talked about it C.which you talked with

D.you talked about 19.Is there anything _______ to you? A.that is belonged

B.that belongs C.that belong

D.which belongs 20.----“How do you like the book?”

----“It’s quite different from _______ I read last month.” A.that

B.which

C.the one

D.the one what 21.Mr.Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _____ who had lready taken them.A.the ones

B.ones

C.Some

D.the others 22.The train _______ she was travelling was late.A.which

B.Where C.on which

D.in that 23.He has lost the key to the drawer _______ the papers are kept.A.where

B.in which

C.under which

D.which 24.Antarctic _______ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.Which

B.Where

C.That

D.about which 25.It’s the third time _______ late this month.A.that you arrived

B.when you arrived C.that you’ve arrived

D.when you’ve arrived

26.It was in 1969 _______the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A.that

B.which

C.when

D.in which 27.May the fourth is the day ______ we Chinese people will never forget.A.which

B.When

C.on which

D.about which 28.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _______ live my grandparents and some relatives.A.Which

B.That

C.Who

D.where 29.The hotel _______ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A.we stayed at

B.where we stayed at C.we stayed

D.in that we stayed 30.Is it in that factory _______ “Red Flag” cars are produced? A.in which

B.Where

C.Which

D.that 31.It is the Suez Canal _______ separates Asia ______ Africa.A.which, to

B.where, from

C.that, from

D.that, with 32.Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, _______ was a small canoe, with a boy in it.A.There

B.Where

C.it

D.which 33.He is not ______ a fool _______.A.such, as he is looked

B.such, as he looks C.as, as he is looked

D.so, as he looks 34.Is that the reason _______ you are in favour of the proposal? A.Which

B.what

C.Why

D.for that 35.He must be from Africa, _______ can be seen from his skin.A.that

B.as

C.Who

D.what 36.He has two sons, _______ work as chemists.A.two of whom

B.both of whom

C.both of which

D.all of whom 37.I, _______ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who is

B.who am

C.that is

D.what is 38.He is a man of great experience, _______ much can be learned.A.who

B.that

C.from which

D.from whom 39.----Do you know the town at all?---No, this is the first time I ________ here.A.was

B.have been

C.Came

D.am coming 40.I don’t like _______ you speak to her.A.the way

B.the way in that C.the way which

D.the way of which 41.The two things _______ they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.A.about which

B.of which

C.in which

D.for which 42.The dinner was the most expensive meal we ______.A.would have

B.have had

C.had never had

D.had ever had 43.Do you know which hotel _______? A.she is staying

B.she is staying in C.is she staying

D.is she staying in 44.There is only one thing _______ I can do.A.what

B.that

C.all

D.which 45.Who can think of a situation ________ this idiom can be used? A.Which

B.that

C.Where

D.in that 46.I have many books, some of _______ are on chemistry.A.them

B.that

C.Which

D.those 47.They were interested _______ you told them.A.in which

B.in that

C.all that

D.in everything 48.The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, ________ much help for knowing space.A.which we think it is

B.which we think are of C.of which we think is

D.I think which is of 49.The great day we looked forward to _______ at last.A.come

B.came

C.coming

D.comes 50.I like the second football match _______ was held last week.A.which

B.who

C.that

D./ 初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題

（二）1.A football fan(球迷)is _____ has a strong interest in football.A.a thing that

B.something that

C.a person who

D.what 2.The house, _____ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.A.the roof of which

B.which roof

C.its roof

D.the roof 3.Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day? A.that you talked

B.you talked about it C.which you talked with

D.you talked about 4.The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.A.That

B.What

C.why

D.for which 5.They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school.A.which

B.that

C.who

D.whom 6.Who _____ has common sense（常識(shí)）will do such a thing? A.which

B.who

C.whom

D.that 7.All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.A.that

B.those

C.Which

D.what 8.They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.A.what

B.that

C.which

D.where 9.I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night.A.all which

B.all what

C.that all

D.all 10.A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.A.who

B.who’s

C.whose

D.which 11.Is this the museum _____ you visited the other day? A.that

B.Where

C.in which

D.the one 12.Is this museum _____ some German friends visited last Wednesday? A.that

B.Where

C.in which

D.the one 13.-How do you like the book?-It’s quite different from _____ I read last month.A.that

B.which

C.the one

D.the one what 14.Which sentence is wrong? A.The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.B.Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform? C.Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land.D.People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth.15.The train _____ she was traveling was late.A.Which

B.where

C.on which

D.in that 16.He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept.A.Where

B.on which

C.under which

D.which 17.Antarctic _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.which

B.where

C.that

D.about which 18.It’s the third time _____ late this month.A.that you arrived

B.when you arrived C.that you’ve arrived

D.when you’ve arrived

19.He often helps the students _____ he thinks are not quick at their studies.A.Whom

B.Who

C.when

D.because 20.The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.A.When

B.during that

C.in which

D.which 21.He was born in the year _____ the Anti-Japanese War broke out.A.Which

B.When

C.on which

D.during which 22.Mr.Crossett will never forget the day _____ he spent with his various students.A.when

B.which

C.during which

D.on which 23.This is just the place _____ I am longing to visit these years.A.that

B.where

C.in which

D.to where

24.We are going to spend the Spring festival in Guangzhou, _____ live my grandparents and some relatives.A.Which

B.that

C.Who

D.where 25.The hotel _____ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A.we stayed at

B.where we stayed at

C.we stayed

D.in that we stayed 26.I have bought the same dress _____ she is wearing.A.as

B.that

C.which

D.than 27.He is not _____ a fool _____.A.such/as he is looked

B.such/as he looks C.as/as he is looked

D.so/as he looks 28.Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal? A.which

B.what

C.Why

D.for that 29.Some of the roads were flooded, _____ made our journey more difficult.A.which

B.it

C.what

D.that 30.He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.A.That

B.as

C.who

D.what 31.He has two sons, _____ work as chemists.A.two of whom

B.both of whom

C.both of which

D.all of whom 32.The buses, _____ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A.most of that

B.which most

C.most of which

D.that most 33.My glasses, _____ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.A.which

B.with which

C.without which

D.that 34.Mr.Wu, _____ everybody likes, is going to give us a talk on chemistry.A.whom

B.That

C.which

D./ 35.This is Mr.Smith, _____ I think has something interesting to tell us.A.Who

B.Whom

C.that

D./ 36._____, the compass was first made in China.A.It is know to all

B.It is known that

C.We all know

D.As is known to all 37.I, _____ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who is

B.who am

C.that is

D.what is 38.He is a man of great experience, _____ much can be learned.A.who

B.that

C.from which

D.from whom 39.It was such a serious mistake, _____ caused by carelessness.A.which I think was

B.which I think it was C.I think which was

D.I think which it was 40.He lived in London for 3 months, during _____ he picked up some English.A.This

B.Which

C.that

D.when 41.The general at last got a chance to visit the village _____ he used to fight, _____ he had been dreaming of for years.A.that/which

B.where/that

C.in which/what

D.where/which 42.I will hire the man _____ they say is a good English speaker.A.Who B.That

C.which

D.whom 43.He has to work on Sundays, _____ he does not like.A.and which

B.which

C.and when

D.when 44.I gave him a warning, _____ he turned a deaf ear.A.of which

B.for which

C.to that

D.to which 45.My father has made me _____ I am.A.who

B.which

C.what

D.that 46.She is one of the few girls who _____ passed the examination.A.Was

B.were

C.has

D.have 47.He is my son, _____ a better son does not exist.A.but

B.than who

C.against whom

D.than whom 48.As many members _____ were present agreed to the plan.A.Who

B.that

C.which

D.as 49.You may call on me from one to five o’clock, during _____ I am always at home.A.the time

B.what time

C.that time

D.which time 50.China is the birthplace of kites, _____ kiteflying（放風(fēng)箏）spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.A.from there

B.Where

C.from where

D.there Keys [參考答案]

一、1—5 AADBA 6—10 ABCCA

11—15 AADAD

16—20 CDDBC 21—25 ACBDC

26—30 AADAD 31—35 CABCB

36—40 BBDBA

41—45 BDBBC

46—50 CDBBC

二、1-5 CADAB

6-10 DABDC

11-15 ADCAC

16-20 ADCBC 21-25 BBADA

26-30 ABCAB

31-35 BCCAA

36-40 DBDAB 41-45 DABDC

46-50 DCDDC

一、定語(yǔ)從句的概念

在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句一般放在先行詞的后面。

二、定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞

引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系代詞包括that，which，who（賓格whom，所有格whose）等，關(guān)系副詞包括where，when，why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語(yǔ)從句之間起連接作用，同時(shí)又作定語(yǔ)從句的重要成分。

三、定語(yǔ)從句的分類

根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞的關(guān)系，定語(yǔ)從句可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句及非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，從句不可省去，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句主句與從句之間有逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、關(guān)系代詞的用法

1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不可省略，作賓語(yǔ)可省略。例如：

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂(lè)。（that作主語(yǔ)）

The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。（that作賓語(yǔ)）

2.which用于指物，在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)不可省略，作賓語(yǔ)可省略。例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。（作主語(yǔ)）

The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。（作賓語(yǔ)）

3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主語(yǔ)，whom用作賓語(yǔ)。在口語(yǔ)中，有時(shí)可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.經(jīng)常在英語(yǔ)方面幫助我的那個(gè)女孩是英國(guó)人。（作主語(yǔ)）

Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？ 正在與李明談話的老師是誰(shuí)？（作賓語(yǔ)）

注意：（1）當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中含有介詞，介詞放在句末時(shí)，who，that，which可省略，但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí)，只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

This is the house in which we lived last year.這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔印?/p>

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請(qǐng)告訴我你從誰(shuí)那借的這本英文小說(shuō)。

（2）含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中，介詞不可前置，只能放在原來(lái)的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for.這就是你要找的那個(gè)人。

（3）that 作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞不能放它的前面，只能放在從句中動(dòng)詞的后面。例如：

The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常遠(yuǎn)。

（4）關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況：

a.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一個(gè)通過(guò)考試的人。

b.被修飾的先行詞為all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代詞時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎？

c.先行詞被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。

d.先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個(gè)房間所見(jiàn)到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，為避免重復(fù)，只能用that.例如：

Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)？

f.主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句用that，而不用which.例如：

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本書是湯姆的。

（5）關(guān)系詞只能用which，而不用that 的情況：

a.先行詞為that，those時(shí)，用which，而不用that.例如：

What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？

b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用which，而不用that.例如：

This is the room in which he lives.這是他居住的房間。

c.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，用which，而不用that.例如：

Tom came back，which made us happy.湯姆回來(lái)了，這使我們很高興。

五、關(guān)系副詞的用法

（1）when指時(shí)間，其先行詞表示時(shí)間，在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如： This was the time when he arrived.這是他到達(dá)的時(shí)間。

（2）where指地點(diǎn)，其先行詞表示地點(diǎn)，在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。例如：

This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。

（3）why 指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語(yǔ)作用。例如： Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.自我測(cè)試 / Test Yourself

1.-Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？

-Yes，he’s our headmaster.A.he B.who C.which D.whom

2.Is this the river _____I can swim？

A.which B.in which C.that D.the one

3.This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.A.where B.which C.that D.it

4.Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day？

A.that you bought B.you bought it

C.that you bought it D.which you bought it

5.Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.A.which agrees B.who agree

C.who agrees D.which agree

6.My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.A.that B.it C.which who

7.The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate

A.who’s B.whose C.that of which.8.The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.A.which； is B.whom； was C.who； is D.who； was

9.I love places ______the people are really friendly.A.that B.which C.where D.who

10.The world ______ is made up of matter.A.in that we live B.on which we live

C.where we live in D.we live in

Ⅱ.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞that，which，who，whom填空。

1.The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.2.April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.3.The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.4.The house _____we live in is very old.5.Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now？

參考答案：

I.1-5BBCAC 6-10 ABCCD Ⅱ.1.that 2.which / that 3.who / that 4.that / which 5.who/ whom/