第一篇：高中英語 Module 4 Great Scientists 第3課時 Grammar同步練習(xí) 外研版必修4

Module4 第3課時 Grammar

Ⅰ.單項填空

1．—How long________at this job? —Since 1990.A．were you employed

B．have you been employed C．had you been employed D．will you be employed 答案：B 從答語Since 1990，我們可以知道，說話人問的是一段時間，since表示“從過去一直到現(xiàn)在”，因此本空用現(xiàn)在完成時。

2．—What happened to the priceless works of art? —________.A．They were destroyed in the earthquake B．The earthquake was destroying them C．They destroyed in the earthquake D．The earthquake destroyed them 答案：A 本題考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)與習(xí)慣表達。句意：“那些價值連城的藝術(shù)品發(fā)生了什么事？”“它們在地震中被毀掉了。”第一個說話人問的是發(fā)生在the priceless works of art上的事情，因此回答時為了有所側(cè)重，將they放在了主語的位置上，they與destroy之間為被動關(guān)系，且敘述過去的事情，因此最佳答案是A。

3．If city noises________from increasing, people________shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.A．a(chǎn)re not kept;will have to B．a(chǎn)re not kept;have to C．do not keep;will have to D．do not keep;have to 答案：A 句意：如果城市噪音的上升趨勢不被禁止，那么二十年后人們即使在用餐的時候也得大聲喊叫才能被人聽到。真實條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句應(yīng)用一般將來時。還要注意city noises和keep是被動關(guān)系。

4．All the gifts must be mailed immediately________in time for Christmas.A．in order to have received B．in order to receive C．so as to be received D．so as to be receiving 答案：C so as to后接動詞原形，表示“以便”，根據(jù)gift與receive的關(guān)系可判斷出要用to be done的形式；表示被動。

5．Millions of pounds' worth of damage________by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.A．has been caused B．had ben caused C．will be caused D．will have been caused 答案：A 損失被造成，用被動語態(tài)，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的影響。

6．As a result of the use of the new technology, the production of this product________50 percent.A．has risen to B．has been raised to C．has risen by D．has been risen by 1

答案：C rose是不及物動詞，不能用被動語態(tài)；如果是增長或提高了百分之多少，必須用介詞by，用介詞to時只能是具體數(shù)字。根據(jù)這兩條可判斷，答案為C。

7．—Why isn't the recorder ready yet? —I'm sorry.It________in the shop.A．is being repaired B．is repaired C．has been repaired D．hasn't repaired 答案：A 此題考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)語意，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，所以正確答案為A，表示機器正在修理。

8．—The window is dirty.—I know.It________for weeks.A．hasn't cleaned B．didn't clean C．wasn't cleaned D．hasn't been cleaned 答案：D 根據(jù)時間狀語可確定用現(xiàn)在完成時，表示已經(jīng)有好幾周沒擦窗子了；根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。

9．Albert Einstein will always be remembered________a great physicist________his Theory of Relativity.A．for;for B．a(chǎn)s;of C．a(chǎn)s;for D．a(chǎn)s;with 答案：C as“作為”；for表示“原因”。

10．Jackson________to work in government office though he hated serving there.A．wanted B．was wanted C．was wanting D．had wanted 答案：B 盡管Jack不愿意在政府部門工作；但卻被政府部分相中了。11．—Do you like the material? —Yes, it________very soft.A．is feeling B．felt C．feels D．is felt 答案：C 句意：“你喜歡這種布料嗎？”“喜歡，它摸起來很柔軟?！睆男问缴峡?，該句很像是被動語態(tài)，而實際上feel是“摸起來”的意思，與后面的soft是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。作此意講時，feel沒有被動語態(tài)，也不可用于進行時，故A、B、D項不可選。

12．I need one more stamp before my collection________.A．has completed B．completes C．has been completed D．is completed 答案：D 句意：在我的收集完成前，還需要一張郵票。該題考查時間狀語從句的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。從主句時態(tài)看出，從句應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時。而complete而collection構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。

13．Hundreds of jobs________if the factory closes.A．lose B．will be lost C．a(chǎn)re lost D．will lose 答案：B 句意：如果工廠關(guān)閉，將會失去成百上千個工作崗位。此題包括一個if引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，從句用現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時，而且句意為被動，故B為最佳。

14．A new cinema________here.They hope to finish it next month.A．will be built B．is built C．has been built D．is being built 答案：D 從后面的提示看，這項工程沒有完工，故應(yīng)正在建設(shè)之中，而且是被動語態(tài)，故D為最佳。

15．Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains________whether they will enjoy it.A．to see B．to be seen C．seeing D．seen 答案：B “有待觀察”，應(yīng)該用“remains to be done”結(jié)構(gòu)。Ⅱ.完形填空

Ever since sixth grade, I have gotten along with pretty much everyone at our middle-size school.It's no__1__that those who were thought to be popular__2__me.One friend in partciular, a tall blonde by name of Christina, was, in__3__，one of my cloest friends.We would hang out a lot, __4__in the summer.She isn't one of those friends that you can__5__all your feeling to.Actually our only concern was being active, and__6__fun, not worrying about boys and things like that.When we got to high school, things__7__.The popular crowd was no longer a distinct group.They were, __8__，the daring, “sexy”individuals that everyone still wanted to be liked.They would__9__together every weekend, making out with guys and girls years older than they were.Spring break would be__10__with friends, not family, and their friends would always have the best cars and equipment.It figures that I would__11__Christina to be like this as well.I found out how__12__I was one Saturday night.I, Christina and__13__“popular”freind were hanging out talking.“Should we tell her our__14__？” they questioned.I urged them to tell me, baffled that they would have a secret that no one__15__in the school would know about.“We've never made out with a guy.Actually, to be honest, we've__16__really had a first kiss, well, at__17__one that I would want to count be a first kiss.”I was__18__！These are two of the most pretty, popular girls in school!I guess the moral of the story is that everyone__19__the“popular”to have that sort of image, but it's not all__20__.See them in a different light, and they could turn out to be the best friends you've ever had.1．A.wouded B．surprise C．doubt D．need 答案：B 作者與學(xué)校里的每個人都相處得很好，因此，能被學(xué)校里受歡迎的那些人所“接受”，也就沒有什么讓人感到“奇怪的”了。It is no wonder難怪；no doubt不能和it is連用。

2．A.receive B．inspire C．examine D．a(chǎn)ccepted 答案：D receive“收到”；inspire“鼓舞”；examine“檢查”；accept“接受”。3．A.fact B．need C．return D．turn 答案：A in fact“事實上”。根據(jù)下文的“我們經(jīng)常一起出去”判斷；Christina“事實上”是她最好的朋友。

4．A.specially B．immediately C．especially D．suddenly 答案：C 此處表示強調(diào)“尤其是”是夏天。5．A.express B．impress C．expain D．declare 答案：A express one's feelings“表達感情”。6．A.taking B．having C．playing D．making 答案：B have fun“玩得愉快”；take和play不能和fun連用；make fun(of)“取笑”。

7．A.improved B．exchanged C．changed D．proved 答案：C 根據(jù)下文的no longer“不再”判斷，情況有了“變化”。8．A.therefore B．otherwise C．besides D．however 答案：D 上下文含有轉(zhuǎn)折的意思，所以用however。9．A.put B．hold C．collect D．get 答案：D get together“聚會”。10．A.took B．paid C．spent D．cost 答案：C 該句為被動結(jié)構(gòu)，spring break作spent的賓語。11．A.hope B．believe C．suggest D．enjoy 答案：B 上文談到了那些人的行為，所以作者“相信”Christina也是這樣。suggest和enjoy后面都不能to be；hope“希望”，不合句意。

12．A.wrong B．lucky C．right D．sorry 答案：A 根據(jù)下文所談的事情，作者的感覺是“錯誤的”。13．A.another B．other C．others D．the other 答案：A another“另一個”，作者許多朋友中的一個。14．A.score B．secret C．tale D．decision 答案：B 下文have a secret處有提示。15．A.more B．even C．else D．yet 答案：C else另的，修飾no one，意為“沒有別人”。16．A.often B．ever C．seldom D．never 答案：D 由于沒有和男孩子談過朋友，所以也就“從來沒有過初吻”。17．A.least B．end C．home D．beginning 答案：A at least“至少”。end和beginning需要加the。18．A.excited B．a(chǎn)stonished C．satisfied D．disappointed 答案：B 作者本來以為這兩個最漂亮、最受歡迎的女孩會和其他的人一樣行為開放，聽了她們的秘密她感到非?！俺泽@”。

19．A.insists B．inspects C．respects D．expects 答案：D expect sb.to be“期望某人??”，其他的三個詞不合語意。20．A.actual B．practical C．true D．exact 答案：C 根據(jù)上文的“錯誤的”推測，這不是“真實的”。actual“實際的”；practical“實用的”；exact“精確的”。

Ⅲ.閱讀理解

He lived his whole life as a poor man.His art and talent were recognized by almost no one.He suffered from a mental illness that led him to cut off part of his left ear in 1888 and to shoot himself two years later.But in his death, he achieved world fame.Today, Dutch artist Van Gogh is recognized as one of the leading artists of all time.Now, 150 years after his birth on March 30, 1853, Zundert, the town of his birth, has made 2003“The Van Gogh Year”in his honour.And the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, home to the biggest collection of his masterpieces, is marking the anniversary with exhibitions through the year.The museum draws around 1.3 million visitors every year.Some people enjoy the art and then learn about his life.Others are first interested in his life, which then helps them understand his art.Van Gogh was the son of a minister.He left school when he was just 15.By the age of 27, he had already tried many jobs including an art gallery salesman and a French teacher.Finally in 1880, he decided to begin his studies in art.Van Gogh is famed for his ability to put his own emotions(情感)into his paintings and show his feelings about a scene.His style is marked by short, broad brush strokes(繪畫筆法).“Instead of trying to reproduce exactly what I have before my eyes, I use colour more freely, in order to express myself more forcibly，”he wrote in a letter to his brother in 1888.Van Gogh sold only one painting during his short life.He relied heavily on support from his brother, an art dealer who lived in Paris.But now his works are sold for millions of dollars.His Portrait of Dr Gachet sold for US $ 89.5 million in 1990.It is the powerful and the brilliant colours in them are attractive to people，”said a Van Goah's fan.1．All through his life Van Gogh________.A．depended on his brother B．worked hard on his dream C．was not recognized by people D．expressed himself in paintings 答案：C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段前兩句“He lived his whole life as a poor man.His art and talent were recognized by almost no one.”可知，凡·高活著的時候沒有得到人們的認(rèn)可。

2．Van Gogh killed himself because of________.A．the poor life B．his illness C．his pain from the left ear D．the refusal by artists of his time 答案：B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第三句可知導(dǎo)致凡·高自殺的原因是他得了精神病。3．One of the characteristis of Van Gogh's paintings is________.A．the likeness between his pintings and the reality B．the short time for him to complete a painting C．the various styles mixed together D．the special strokes he made 答案：D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段第二句“His style is marked by short, broad brush strokes.”可得出答案。

4．The selling of his paintings is considered to be the most successful because________.A．more and more people like his paintings B．people can understand him through his paintings C．1.3 million people visit his paintings museum every year D．Zundert has made 2003“The Van Gogh Year”in his honour

答案：A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。因為越來越多的人喜歡凡·高的作品，他的作品才得以高價出售，大獲成功。

第二篇：外研版高中英語必修3短語

Book 3 Module 1

1.The house faces to the south這個房子朝南=The house faces towards the south。= The house faces south.2.be faced with面臨，面對in the face of面對, 在… 面前 face to face面對面 3get into a difficult situation陷入困難的狀況

get out of a difficult situation擺脫困難的狀況 save the sicuation挽回局勢 4.be located in = lie in坐落于= be situated in

5.off the coast在(離開海面的)海岸上 along the coast沿著海岸on the coast海岸上 6.work on sth.從事某事，做…工作；忙于work out設(shè)計；制訂，安排 get to work著手于；開始工作 7.because of因為thanks to由于；多虧了 owing to由于 as a result of由于……的結(jié)果 due to由于 8.There+be/exist/lie/stand/appear+主語有，存在 9.two-thirds三分之二one-third三分之一 10.be covered by/with被…覆蓋 11.be famous for因…而著名 12.make… out of sth.…由..制成… 13.ever since自那以后 14.（be）opposite to在…對面，與…相反

just the opposite恰恰相反 15.keep a cool head保持頭腦清醒 16.lose one’s head驚慌失措，失去理智 17.head for朝著…前進 18.in terms of根據(jù)，從…方面來說，從…的觀點

in the long/short term就長/短期而言 come to terms=make terms達成協(xié)議，和好 bring sb.to terms使某人接收條件 be on good/bad terms with sb.與某人交情好/不好 19.compare A with/and B比較A和Beg.compare this with that把這個和那個比較一下

compare…to…把……比作…..=make every effort to do sth.=make an effort to do sth.make an effort盡力 eg.compare life to a candle把生命比喻成蠟燭compare children to flowers把孩子比作花朵 compared with/to…與…比較起來，較之… eg.Compared to/with her mother, she is tall.20.have control over對…有控制權(quán)

beyond control無法控制under control被控制住out of control失去控制in the control of由…控制/管理/負(fù)責(zé)lose control of對…失去控制 21.on the one hand… on the other hand一方面…另一方面 22.表示倍數(shù)的四種句型：

1）This bridge is 3 times longer than that one.這座橋比那座橋長3倍。

2)This bridge is 4 times as long as that one這座橋是那座橋的4倍長。

3）A is … times the size/length/width/height/depth of BThis room is 3 times the size of that one.這間房間的大小是那間的3倍。4)A + v.…times as many/much + n.+ as B

The factory has produced 3 times as many cars as it did last

year.這個廠今年的汽車產(chǎn)量是去年的3倍。Module 2

1.on a high/low income高/低收入 2.income tax(個人)所得稅 3.with the development of隨著…的發(fā)展 under development在發(fā)展中 4.take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事 make …to one’s(own)measure按某人的尺寸制作 5.figure out理解 6.up to直到…，到…為止，多達 7.be up to=be fit for勝任，適合于 up to=be busy(in)doing sth.正在做…，從事于.it’s up to sb.to do sth.由某人決定做某事 8.agree to the plan(suggestion ,proposal…)同意計劃（建議，安排）

agree with sb.同意某人的觀點或看法，適合agree on/upon sth雙方在某件事情上達成協(xié)議并取得一

致意見

9.make efforts to do sth.努力做某事

spare no effort不遺余力 with/without effort費力地/毫不費力地 10.make progress進步 11.give examples of舉…的列子 12.make sure確保，查明 13.figure out理解，弄明白 14.be similar to sb/sth.與…相似be similar in在某方面相似similarly同樣地，類似地 15.share sth.among /between sb.將某物分配給某人

share sth.with sb.與某人分享某物share(in)sth.共享 16.be/get close to靠近，近，接近，即將發(fā)生 17.as a result of由于…的結(jié)果as a result結(jié)果

result in導(dǎo)致 result from由…引起 18.be of+抽象名詞=be+該名詞的同根形容詞eg.His advice is of value to us.= ？This dictionary is of great use.= ？What he said is of importance for you.= ？

4.2.3.1.13.in ruins嚴(yán)重受損，破敗不堪fall into ruin已成廢墟bring sb.to ruin毀滅某人 14.warn sb.(not)to do sth.警告某人（不）干某事warn sb.of sth.警告某人當(dāng)心某事 15.at all完全，究竟，全然，竟然not at all一點也不，根本不，別客氣after all畢竟，終究，歸根到底，別忘了above all最重要的是，首先，尤其是，特別是first of all首先 16.see sb.do sth.看見某人干了某事see sb.doing sth.看見某人正在干某事

Module 4

masses of/a mass of許多,大量 the masses群眾,平民 in the mass大體而論,總體上 a weather forecast天氣預(yù)報 give/make a forecast預(yù)言,預(yù)報 = give/make forecasts

cut out剪除;切掉;割掉 cut up切碎;使傷心 cut of切斷;停掉;隔絕 cut in插嘴 cut down砍掉;消減,降低 5.6.be caught in被困在(風(fēng)、雨、雪……)中 catch up with趕上;跟上 catch hold of抓住,握住 catch sight of看見 7.prevent sb.(from)doing sth.阻止某人做某事 =stop sb.(from)doing sth..=keep sb from doing sth..8.so + 形容詞或副詞 + that…如此…以致于… so + 形容詞 + a(n)+ 單數(shù)可數(shù)名次詞 + that… so + many/few + 復(fù)數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞 + that… so + much/little(少的)+ 不可數(shù)名詞 + that…比較： such +(adj.)+名詞+ that…如此…以致于 9.dig up挖出 10.be/get caught in突然遭到（風(fēng)暴等）11.wake up認(rèn)識到、意識到 12.advise sb.to do sth建議某人做某事 13.one after another一個接一個 14.be concerned for/about/over … 對……關(guān)心,擔(dān)心,憂慮

be concerned with/in與…有關(guān) as far as sth.is concerned就某事而言 15.complain to sb向某人訴苦/發(fā)牢騷

Module

31.be experienced in/at在…方面有經(jīng)驗 2.sth.occurs to sb.某事被某人想起 it occurs to sb.+ that-clause某人突然想到… it occurs to sb.to do sth.某人突然想到做某事 3.A good idea suddenly struck me.我忽然想到一個好主意 strike sb.+介詞+the +具體部位打某人的某個部位 eg.strike him on the back打某人的背hit sb in the face打某人的臉pat sb on the shoulder拍某人的肩膀 be struck by被…所打動，被…迷住 4.bury oneself in sth.隱居或埋頭于、專心致志于某事物be buried in埋頭于，專心致志于 5.pick up拿起，撿起，卷起，收聽，接（人）6.end up到達或來到某處 7.end up with sth.以某事作為結(jié)束end up doing sth.以做某事為結(jié)束come to an end結(jié)束，完結(jié) 8.by the time到…的時候（常與完成時連用）9.on the same latitude在同一緯度 10.refer to指代，參考 11.on average平均 12.of all time人類歷史上，有史以來

complain about/of sth抱怨某事 16.take in吸入（空氣）;欺騙;體會;收容

take away帶走 take off脫下,拿掉,起飛 take on承擔(dān) take up舉起,開始做;占據(jù) 17.give out分發(fā);發(fā)出(氣味、熱氣)；發(fā)明；用盡

give up放棄 give in屈服;讓步,投降 give off送出;發(fā)出（光等）give away贈送;放棄;泄漏;出賣 18.in a nutshell簡言之,概括地講

in a word總之,一句話 in brief簡言之 in short長話短說,概括起來說 19.if possible如果可能

if any如果有的話 if necessary如果需要的話 if so如果是這樣的話 if ever如果曾經(jīng)有的話 if not不這樣的話Module 5 1.2.be equal to sth.等于…, 與…相等 lay stress on sth.強調(diào)某事 put stress on sth.place stress on sth.3.4.have an influence on/upon sth.對某事有影響 influence sb.to do sth.影響某人做某事 bring up養(yǎng)育,教育;提出(話題等);嘔吐 bring down使倒下,消減 bring back恢復(fù),使想起 bring in收(莊稼);引進 5.6.7.8.9.It is/was a time when…那是一個…的時期 be at war with..與…..交戰(zhàn) follow/take one's advice采納某人的建議 travel from state to state周游列國 as a result 結(jié)果 lead a … life

11.be born good人之初,性本善 12.in some ways在某些方面 13.The reason why … is that ……的理由是…

The reason for sth.is that …某事的理由是… 14.a sense of responsibility責(zé)任感

4.5.6.7.3.2.1.make sense有意義,講的通 make sense of懂,理解 15.make contributions to …捐贈;做出貢獻 16.argue with sb about/over sth就某事與某人爭論

argue for據(jù)理力爭 argue against反對 17.in good condition狀況良好,保存的好

in poor condition狀況不佳,破爛不堪 on one condition有一個條件 on condition that如果,條件是,只要(后接從句)on no condition決不 18.in conclusion最后，總之

reach a conclusion得出結(jié)論 arrive at a conclusion draw a conclusion come to conclusion

19.for the first time第一次,首次 20.no faster than和…一樣不快

= as slowly asModule 6

date from = date back to起源于,追溯到 out of date過時 up to date最新 fix a date for sth給某事約定一個日期 have a date with sb和某人約會 dream of夢想 dream a…dream做一個……夢 hold back阻擋,忍住,抑制(情感等)hold one's breath屏住氣 hold up耽擱;妨礙(交通等)hold on堅持下去;

(電話用語)請等一下,不要掛斷

sb.spend money/time on sth.某人在某物上花錢/時間 sb.spend money /time(in)doing sth.在做某事上花錢/時間

sth.costs sb.money某物花某人多少錢 freezing point冰點 a car crash汽車撞車事故 in a sense 就某種意義而言,在某種角度上 bring an end to結(jié)束 come to an end結(jié)束,停止 put/bring an end to結(jié)束 end up with…以……結(jié)束end in…以…..告終

10.live a … life過…..的生活

There is no sense in doing sth做某事不明智/沒意義 8.be equal to與……相等

第三篇：外研版高中英語必修4課文翻譯

Module 1未來的城市

未來的城市將會是什么樣子呢？沒有人確切地了解，預(yù)測也是一件很冒險的事。但有一件事是可以肯定的——它們將會先變大，然后再變小。在未來，愛護環(huán)境將會很重要，因為地球的資源將瀕臨枯竭。我們將會使用大量的可回收材料，例如，塑料、銀、鋼鐵、玻璃、木頭和紙。我們浪費自然資源的程度將會有所減弱。我們也將不得不更多地依賴其他能源。例如，太陽能和風(fēng)能。所有的這些似乎是肯定的，但是還有許多關(guān)于城市生活的事情仍是未知的。為了獲知年輕人對未來城市生活的想法，美國得克薩斯州的一位大學(xué)老師讓他的學(xué)生們思考如何管理一個在2025年擁有5萬人口的城市，下面是他們的一些構(gòu)想：

垃圾船：為了擺脫垃圾問題的困擾，城市將會用巨型宇宙飛船裝載廢棄材料，朝太陽發(fā)射，這樣做防止了垃圾填埋和環(huán)境問題。

勤務(wù)兵網(wǎng)：警察逮捕罪犯時，將會向罪犯射出網(wǎng)狀物而不是用槍。戒煙：在未來城市范圍內(nèi)將禁止吸煙。只有在郊區(qū)和戶外才允許吸煙。

告別商廈：將來所有的購物將會在網(wǎng)上進行，商品目錄將會有語音指令來排序。

電話人生：每個人一出生就會給予一個電話號碼，將來無論他們居住在哪兒，這個電話號碼都不會更改。

娛樂：所有的娛樂形式，例如，電影院、保齡球、壘球、音樂會和其他等等都將由該市政府免費提供。

汽車：所有的汽車都將由電能、太陽能或風(fēng)能提供動力，并且只要輕輕按一下開關(guān)就能夠改變汽車的顏色。

遠(yuǎn)程手術(shù)：隨著每個城市擁有自己的遠(yuǎn)程手術(shù)門診部，醫(yī)生將能在數(shù)千里以外實施手術(shù)，遠(yuǎn)程手術(shù)將會變得十分普通。

居家度假：年長的市民和殘疾人通過使用綁在頭上的髙新技術(shù)相機可以周游世界。太空遨游：普通市民遨游太空將會變得很平常，每個城市都將有自己的太空港。

Module 2 行在北京 出租車

北京大街上的出租車是24小時服務(wù)的。只要你招招手，立刻就會有出租車。它們通常都是紅色車身，并且在車窗上顯示每公里的路價。你要做的，就是確認(rèn)司機有營運照，并且索要發(fā)票。

公交車和電車

公共交通為人們游覽北京提供了低價位的出行方式。北京大約有兩萬多輛公交車和電車，但是，它們有時會很擁擠。最明智的做法是避免在高峰期（上午6:30-8:00，下午5:00-6:30)乘坐公交車和電車。這些車車票價格便宜，一元起價?？照{(diào)車則要貴一些。公交線1到100路都是僅限于市中心內(nèi)的，車號更高一些的線路，可以通達郊區(qū)。對于游人來說，最不該錯過的是103路電車，它途經(jīng)紫禁城和北海白塔，沿途風(fēng)景令人印象深刻。如果你乘坐雙層公共汽車，請務(wù)必坐在上層，這樣你會一覽這個飛速發(fā)展城市的亮麗風(fēng)景。小公共汽車

在一些地區(qū)，這種12個座位的小型公共汽車給人們在昂貴的出租車和擁擠的公共汽車外，提供了第三種選擇。它們跟大公共汽車走同樣的路線，提供有規(guī)律的服務(wù)。在小公共汽車上，即使在高峰期也能找到空位。地鐵

北京有四條地鐵線，還有幾條線也正在建設(shè)之中。地鐵方便快捷，但在高峰期，情況會很糟糕。地鐵票價單程為三元，站名用拼音標(biāo)注，運營時間為上午5點到晚上11點。三輪腳踏車 游客們喜歡這些人力驅(qū)動的“三輪腳踏車”，但價格可能會較貴。因此坐之前要先弄清楚價格，明確價錢是否按人數(shù)計算、是單程還是往返雙程的問題。如果想去老北京的胡同探秘，三輪腳踏車絕對是值得一坐的。

Module 3 身勢語 說起“交流”，大多數(shù)人會想到單詞或句子，雖然單詞與句子十分重要，但我們并不只是用口語和書面語進行交流，身體的姿態(tài)是我們所稱的“身勢語”的一部分。我們經(jīng)?？吹綗o意識的身勢語，但也有“習(xí)得”的身勢語。習(xí)得的身勢語在不同的文化中各不相同。

當(dāng)我們被介紹給生人時，我們使用“習(xí)得的”身勢語。跟動物一樣，我們會保持警覺，直至知道安全的時候才放松。因此，在所有的文化中人們都有一種向陌生人打招呼的正規(guī)的方式，以表示他們并不具有侵犯傾向。歐美人的傳統(tǒng)是握手，他們用右手握手——右手對多數(shù)人來說更有力一些。假如右手用于忙著與人打招呼就不可能握武器。因此，這種手勢的意思是“我信任你，瞧，我沒帶威脅性的武器”，假如你和人握手，就是在表明你信任他們。我們在做交易時與人握手，意思就是“我們達成了協(xié)議，相互信任”。

亞洲人打招呼是不接觸他人身體的，但他們要用手。與人打招呼時，中國人的傳統(tǒng)方式是右手放在左手上，拱手，稍稍躬身而行禮。穆斯林行額手鞠躬禮，用手觸左胸、嘴和額。印度人雙手交合，恭敬地鞠躬。在上述例子中，手都在忙于打招呼，不可能拿武器。即使是現(xiàn)在，人們在非正式場合打招呼時，還會用手來表示信任對方。美國青年常常說著“擊掌”來打招呼。說完后這個人舉起手，手掌向外，五指展開。另一個人同樣舉起手，拍打?qū)Ψ脚e過頭頂?shù)氖?。這是現(xiàn)代常見的打招呼方式。身勢語對于任何研究者來說都具有吸引力。人們通過姿勢表達的意思要比通過話語表達得更多?？纯茨愕呐笥押图胰耍隳芏聪に麄兊男乃紗?？

Module 4問問題的學(xué)生

在當(dāng)前的世界，水稻是主要食糧。中國是世界上最大的水稻產(chǎn)地。亞洲其他國家和一些歐洲國家比如意大利等，都種植水稻。在水稻種植界，中國科學(xué)家袁隆平是一位重要人士。袁隆平生長在中國。小時候，他在許多學(xué)校讀過書，得了個“問問題的學(xué)生”的綽號。袁隆平從小就對植物感興趣。他在大學(xué)里研究農(nóng)學(xué)。作為一個年輕的教師，他開始了作物育種的實驗。他想，養(yǎng)活世人的關(guān)鍵是更多更快地生產(chǎn)水稻。他認(rèn)為，唯一的辦法是使不同種類的水稻雜交，這樣就能產(chǎn)生比原先任何一種水稻產(chǎn)量都要高的新品種。

首先，袁隆平對不同種類的水稻進行實驗。1966年，他的研究成果在中國發(fā)表。接著，他開始尋找一種特殊的稻種。這種稻種必須是雄性的，必須是不結(jié)果的（譯者注：它屬于生物學(xué)所稱的“雄性不育系”）。最后，在1970年，一種天然的雄性不育稻種被發(fā)現(xiàn)，這是一個突破性的發(fā)現(xiàn)。全國各地的研究者們被召集在一起開發(fā)新的水稻種。研究得到了政府的贊助。由于袁隆平的發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國的水稻產(chǎn)量在20世紀(jì)90年代增長了47.5%。還有其他的益處，5萬平方公里原來的稻田現(xiàn)在被用來種植蔬菜和其他經(jīng)濟作物。除此以外，袁隆平研制的水稻還出口到巴基斯坦和菲律賓等國家。在巴基斯坦，水稻是繼小麥之后的第二種最重要的作物并將在許多地方種植。中國袁隆平高科技農(nóng)業(yè)公司已開發(fā)出一種新的雜交水稻。這種雜交水稻的產(chǎn)量遠(yuǎn)高于巴基斯坦其他種類的水稻。

Module 5 三峽之旅

1996年8月，一位年輕的美國英語教師彼得?赫斯勒，來到長江之濱的涪陵。他和另一位同事將在那里的一所教師進修學(xué)院任教兩年。整個城里只有他們兩名外國人。元月底，第一學(xué)期結(jié)束了，他們有四周的春節(jié)假期，可以隨處旅游。他們決定順流而下。我們打算買到“江油號”的船票。同事們說：“你們不要坐那種船。它們太擁擠，主要是用來運貨的。乘客多是沿江做生意的人。那些船不?？繌R宇，也不會有別的外國游人乘坐。”我覺得聽起來還不錯。我們出示護照后便上了船。

在一個美麗的午后，我們離開碼頭。當(dāng)我們順流而下穿過山區(qū)的時候，陽光很燦爛。男人們乘坐著江邊的竹筏，運煤的小船來來往往。太陽落山時，我們的船在豐都靠岸。我們目睹太陽在白塔后西沉，美麗極了。

穿過長江第一峽——瞿塘峽時，我們正在睡夢中。江水在兩英里高的峰戀間奔流，峽谷狹窄處只有350英尺。我朋友說：“至少我們能看見另外兩個峽谷?！?船到巫山時，我們繞道溯游大寧河，觀賞了幾處小峽谷。第二天，我們經(jīng)過了長江的大峽谷。在一個美麗的上午輪船駛過巫峽。我們還經(jīng)過了湘江，那是公元前三世紀(jì)一位詩人——屈原的家鄉(xiāng)。長江有太多的歷史。塊塊巨石形象各異，條條支流都流淌著傳說，座座小山承載著過往。穿過長江第三峽——西陵峽后，輪船駛?cè)氪髩谓ㄔO(shè)處的江面。所有的乘客都上了甲板，大家拍照片，對著工地指指點點，但不可以下船。五星紅旗在風(fēng)中飄揚著。遠(yuǎn)山上寫著20英尺大的漢字“建造三峽大壩，開發(fā)長江資源”。

Module 6 天池里的怪物

在最近幾次露面后，中國東北吉林省長白山的“天池怪物”又成了新聞。據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)氐穆糜无k公室主任孟凡迎介紹，最近有人看見怪物就在離湖邊十米的地方，怪物的顏色似乎是黑色的。他說：“大約有兩百多人從長白山的西峰看見過怪物，它像海豹一樣躍出水面。”盡管誰也沒有看清楚這神秘怪物的真面目，但當(dāng)?shù)匾晃粩z影師薛俊林聲稱：怪物的頭看起來像馬頭。最近另有一次，一群戰(zhàn)士證實：他們看見湖的水面上有東西在游動。正在湖邊行走的戰(zhàn)士看見怪物游弋了大約兩分鐘。其中一名戰(zhàn)士說；“怪物的顏色淺綠帶黑，圓形的頭上有十厘米左右的角。”

又一次報導(dǎo)來自李小和，當(dāng)時他和家人正在湖邊游玩。他說他看見圓形黑色的東西在湖面快速游過三四百米后潛入水中。十分鐘后，怪物再次出現(xiàn)，并重復(fù)了相同的動作。李小和先生說他和家人看清楚了怪物，因為當(dāng)時天氣好，湖水平靜。

自上世紀(jì)初以來，一直就有關(guān)于天池怪物的報導(dǎo)，盡管還不曾有人近距離目睹過。雖然拍有怪物的一些照片，但由于距離太遠(yuǎn)，看起來模糊不清。許多人認(rèn)為，天池里的怪物或許是蘇格蘭尼斯湖中怪物的遠(yuǎn)親。他們還認(rèn)為，在世界其他地方的湖泊中可能也有類似的怪物。然而，科學(xué)家們表示懷疑。他們說，溫度低的湖中不可能存活如此大的生物。

天池是世界上最高的火山湖，海拔2，189米，面積有10平方公里，有的地方水深達370米。

第四篇：外研版高中英語必修3課文原文及翻譯-Module 4

高中英語課本必修三 重點課文英漢對照高效輔導(dǎo)

MODULE 4 Sandstorms in Asia亞洲沙塵暴

Sandstorms in Asia亞洲沙塵暴

Sandstorms have been a major disaster for many Asian countries for centuries.幾個世紀(jì)以來，沙塵暴已經(jīng)成為很多亞洲國家的嚴(yán)重災(zāi)害。

Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.科學(xué)家已經(jīng)想了很多辦法來解決這個問題，在中國，已經(jīng)開展了一場幫助解決沙塵暴問題的大型戰(zhàn)爭。

Sandstorms are strong, dry winds that carry sand.They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.沙塵暴是帶有沙石和塵土的強大而干燥的風(fēng)。沙塵暴通常很濃密以至于人們都看不見太陽，有時候，風(fēng)的強度大到可以掀動沙丘。

The four main places in the world where there are sandstorms are Central Asia, North America, Central Africa and Australia.Ren Jianbo, from Inner Mongolia described a terrible sandstorm he experienced as a child in the desert.世界上四個主要的有沙塵暴的地方是：亞洲中部、北美、非洲中部和澳大利亞。來自內(nèi)蒙古的任建波描述了他小時候在沙漠中經(jīng)歷過的一次嚴(yán)重的沙塵暴，“To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience,” he said.“There was nothing to be done.“被困在沙塵暴中是一種很可怕的經(jīng)歷，”他說，“什么也干不了, It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation I’ve ever been in.You just had to hope you'd survive.I thought I was going to disappear under the sand.” 那是我遭遇過的最可怕、最危險的境況，你只能希望自己能夠幸存，我原以為我會消失在沙石底下?！?/p>

Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia.Sandstorms begin in desert areas.中國西北是亞洲中央沙塵暴中心的一部分。沙塵暴開始于沙漠地帶，Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”.近年來因為“沙漠化”，中國發(fā)生沙塵暴的次數(shù)明顯增加了。

This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.這是發(fā)生在由于氣候變化以及人們砍伐樹木、開墾草地等使得陸地變成沙漠時的過程。

Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing.Citizens wake up to an orange sky and strong winds that cover the city in a thick, brown-yellow dust.有時候沙塵暴會影響北京，市民醒來時，發(fā)現(xiàn)昏黃的天空，狂風(fēng)夾著黃沙在城里肆虐。

The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.暴風(fēng)有時持續(xù)一整天，因為濃密的塵土降低了能見度，所以車輛等開得很慢。

The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing, but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people.中國中央氣象臺在沙塵暴到達北京前的幾個星期就能預(yù)見到，但是風(fēng)暴的威力有時是驚人的。

When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out.Huang Xiaomei, who lives in Beijing says, 當(dāng)沙塵暴到達一個城市時，專家會建議人們不要出門。居住在北京的黃小梅說；

“To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening.The winds are very strong.It's difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill.So if you want to go out, you'd better wear a mask.”

“在沙塵暴中騎車是很可怕的，風(fēng)力非常強，很難呼吸，而且塵土?xí)屛业貌?，所以如果你想出門，最好帶上面罩。”

The desert is only 250 kilometres away to the west of Beijing.To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees.沙漠位于北京西邊距離北京僅僅250千米，為了防止沙漠進一步向北京延伸，政府正在植樹。

Already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years.目前政府已經(jīng)種了超過三十億棵樹，而且計劃在接下來的五年中繼續(xù)植樹。

第五篇：外研版英語必修3、4短語

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