欧美色欧美亚洲高清在线观看,国产特黄特色a级在线视频,国产一区视频一区欧美,亚洲成a 人在线观看中文

  1. <ul id="fwlom"></ul>

    <object id="fwlom"></object>

    <span id="fwlom"></span><dfn id="fwlom"></dfn>

      <object id="fwlom"></object>

      2010 溫家寶政府工作報告(英文版)

      時間:2019-05-14 04:48:35下載本文作者:會員上傳
      簡介:寫寫幫文庫小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《2010 溫家寶政府工作報告(英文版)》,但愿對你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助,當然你在寫寫幫文庫還可以找到更多《2010 溫家寶政府工作報告(英文版)》。

      第一篇:2010 溫家寶政府工作報告(英文版)

      REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

      Delivered at the Third Session

      of the Eleventh National People's Congress on March 5, 2010

      Wen Jiabao

      Premier of the State Council

      Fellow Deputies,On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I also invite the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)to provide comments and suggestions.I.Review of Work in 2009

      The year 2009 was the most difficult year for our country's economic development since the beginning of the new century.This time last year the global financial crisis was still spreading, and the world economy was in a deep recession.Our economy was severely affected;our exports decreased significantly;a large number of enterprises had operating difficulties, and some even suspended production or closed down;the number of unemployed people increased significantly;many migrant workers had to return to their home villages;and the pace of our economic growth suddenly slowed down.In these unusually difficult circumstances, the people of all our ethnic groups fortified their confidence, tackled difficulties head on, worked tenaciously, and responded calmly to the impact of the global financial crisis under the firm leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC).Our economy was the first in the world to have made a turnaround, and we made major new achievements in reform and opening up as well as socialist modernization.GDP reached 33.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 8.7% over the previous year(here and below).Fiscal revenue was 6.85 trillion yuan, up 11.7%.Grain production was 530.82 million tons, a new record and an increase for the sixth consecutive year.A total of 11.02 million urban jobs were created.The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 17,175 yuan, and the net per capita income of rural residents was 5,153 yuan, up 9.8% and 8.5% respectively in real terms.We took another steady step along the path of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Events again proved that no difficulties or obstacles can impede the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.The past year was truly extraordinary and inspiring.We held a grand celebration of the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China.The outstanding achievements we made in that time have greatly boosted the confidence and pride of the people, strengthened the cohesiveness of the Chinese nation, and raised China's international standing and influence.All this definitely encourages us to continue to forge ahead on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Over the last year, we mainly undertook the following work.1.Strengthening and improving macro-control and promoting steady and rapid economic development.We carried out a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We comprehensively implemented and constantly improved the package plan for addressing the global financial crisis.We significantly increased government spending, implemented structural tax reductions, rapidly increased supplies of money and credit, made our monetary policy more sustainable, and increased the amount of direct financing.We thus ensured funding for economic and social development, effectively boosted domestic demand, and quickly reversed the slowdown in economic growth.We vigorously expanded consumer spending.Our policies to encourage consumption covered more areas, were stronger and benefited more people than ever before.The central government provided 45 billion yuan in subsidies for rural residents to purchase home appliances and motor vehicles, including motorbikes.Part of the subsidies also supported trading-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and purchasing agricultural machinery and tools.We halved the purchase tax on small-displacement automobiles.We reduced or exempted taxes on buying and selling homes to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners' residences.Throughout the year 13.64 million motor vehicles were sold, an increase of 46.2%;commodity housing sales amounted to 937 million square meters, up 42.1%;and total retail sales of consumer goods increased 16.9% in real terms.Consumption played a much bigger role in fueling economic growth.We promoted rapid growth in investment.We guided and stimulated non-government investment by means of well-leveraged government investment.We implemented a plan to invest an additional 4 trillion yuan over two years.In 2009, the central government's public investment was 924.3 billion yuan, 503.8 billion yuan more than in the previous year's budget.Of this, 44% was invested in low-income housing, projects to improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and social programs;16% in independent innovation, restructuring, energy conservation, emissions reductions, and ecological improvement;23% in major infrastructure projects;and 14% in post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction.Fixed asset investment increased 30.1% nationwide.We further improved the investment structure.Rapid investment growth effectively compensated for the shortfall created by shrinking external demand, strengthened weak links, and laid a solid foundation for long-term economic and social development.We accelerated the post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction work.We have already invested 654.5 billion yuan, 65.5% of the total planned investment, in the worst hit areas.Thanks to the government's strong support, the selfless assistance of people throughout the country, and the hard work of residents of the earthquake area, the badly damaged areas have taken on a brand-new appearance, with new towns rising straight out of the ground, and villages brimming with vitality.All this fully reflects the boundless love of the Chinese nation and powerfully demonstrates the incomparable superiority of the socialist system.2.Vigorously carrying out economic restructuring, and shoring up the foundation for long-term development.We closely integrated sustaining economic growth with economic restructuring, and moved more quickly to resolve structural problems limiting economic development.We further strengthened the work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.The central government used 725.3 billion yuan to support agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, an increase of 21.8%.We raised the minimum grain purchase prices by a large margin.We began implementation of the plan to increase grain production capacity by 50 million tons nationwide.We continued to improve living and working conditions in rural areas.We implemented rural drinking water safety projects that benefited 60.69 million people, increased the number of methane gas users by 5.1 million, built and upgraded 380,000 kilometers of roads and 266,000 kilometers of electric power lines and renovated 800,000 dilapidated houses in the countryside, and helped build permanent housing for 92,000 nomadic families.We also intensified our efforts to fight poverty.As a result, working and living conditions notably improved in poverty-stricken areas.We intensified industrial restructuring.We formulated and implemented a plan for restructuring and invigorating ten key industries.We encouraged enterprises to accelerate technological upgrading, and provided 20 billion yuan to support 4,441 technological upgrading projects.Further progress was made in mergers and reorganization in key industries.We made great efforts to restrict excess production capacity and redundant development in some industries.We closed down 26.17 million kilowatts of small thermal power stations, and eliminated backward facilities with total production capacity of 16.91 million tons in the steelmaking industry, 21.13 million tons in the iron-smelting industry, 74.16 million tons in the cement industry, and 18.09 million tons in the coke industry.We accelerated the implementation of major national science and technology projects, and spent 151.2 billion yuan of central government funds on science and technology, an increase of 30%.We vigorously supported the widespread use of domestically innovated products, and the development of emerging industries such as clean energy and third-generation mobile communications.We vigorously strengthened infrastructure development;put 5,557 kilometers of newly built railway lines into operation;opened 4,719 kilometers of new expressways to traffic, accelerated urban rail development;and built, renovated or expanded 35 civil airports.We increased the installed power-generating capacity by 89.7 million kilowatts, began supplying gas through the western section of the second line of the project for shipping natural gas from west to east, accelerated construction on the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and began reinforcing 6,183 dangerous reservoirs.We made solid progress in conserving energy, reducing emissions and protecting the environment.We supported 2,983 key energy conservation and recycling projects through budgetary investment.We implemented a project to promote energy-efficient products for the benefit of the people, putting into use more than 5 million energy-saving air-conditioners and 150 million energy-efficient light bulbs.We continued to develop key ecological projects in the forestry industry, and completed the afforestation of 5.88 million hectares, thereby raising the percentage of land covered by forest to 20.36%.Through combined measures, we brought soil erosion on 48,000 square kilometers of land under control.We strengthened the prevention and treatment of water pollution in the key watersheds of the Huai, Hai, and Liao rivers and Tai, Chao, and Dianchi lakes, and improved the control of wastewater, gases and residues from industry.Over the first four years of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell 14.38 %, and chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions decreased 9.66% and 13.14% respectively.We made vigorous efforts to respond to climate change, and set forth our country's targets, policies and measures for controlling greenhouse gas emissions by 2020.We improved our weather forecasting and early warning, as well as earthquake monitoring, and constantly improved our disaster prevention and protection capabilities.We took new steps in balancing development between regions.We thoroughly implemented the overall strategy for regional development, and formulated several major regional development plans and policies.The central and western regions and northeast China accelerated opening up and development, welcomed industries relocated from other parts of the country, and continuously strengthened their foundation for development.The eastern region accelerated restructuring and independent innovation, and the vitality of its economic development increased.A favorable situation emerged in which regional development was better distributed, structured and coordinated.3.Steadfastly deepening reform and opening up, and constantly improving institutions and mechanisms conducive to developing scientifically.We deepened reform and opening up to respond more powerfully to the global financial crisis, worked hard to remove institutional obstacles and continued to open wider to the outside world.We accelerated reform in key areas and links.We comprehensively carried out VAT reform.The reform of the prices of refined oil products and taxes and fees on them was implemented smoothly, and a new mechanism for pricing them worked well.We made solid progress in commercializing the China Development Bank and introducing the joint stock system in the Agricultural Bank of China, and launched a pilot project to use the renminbi as the settlement currency for cross-border trade.The ChiNext stock market was officially launched, which opened a new financing channel for enterprises based on independent innovation and other growth enterprises.We proceeded with the reform of local government departments in an orderly manner, and steadily carried out a trial of reforming institutions by type.We comprehensively launched the reform of tenure in collective forests.We devolved tenure in 100 million hectares of forest land to rural households, equaling 60% of the country's total area of collective forests.This is another major reform of China's rural operation system, and follows in the footsteps of the household land contract responsibility system.We constantly raised the level of the open economy.We introduced policies and measures to stabilize foreign demand, adopted methods that conform to international practices to support export companies, completed the issuance of short-term export credit insurance worth US$ 90 billion, and arranged $42.1 billion of export financing insurance for complete sets of large equipment.We encouraged increases in imports.Since the second half of last year, falls in imports and exports have clearly eased, and we have consolidated our share of international markets.Last year imports and exports totaled $2.2 trillion.We reversed the decline in utilized foreign investment, and actual utilized foreign direct investment amounted to $90 billion for the entire year.More enterprises “went global” in spite of the adverse situation;non-financial outward direct investment amounted to $43.3 billion, and receipts from overseas project contracting operations reached $77.7 billion.We actively participated in international macroeconomic policy dialogue and coordination as well as economic, trade and financial cooperation, and played a constructive role in the joint response to the global financial crisis.4.Striving to improve people's wellbeing and accelerating the development of social programs.In the difficult circumstances of responding to the global financial crisis, we gave greater priority to ensuring and improving people's wellbeing and effectively solved the most practical problems of the greatest and most direct concern to the people.We implemented a more active employment policy.We increased the responsibility of the government for stimulating employment.The central government allocated 42.6 billion yuan in special employment funds, an increase of 59%.For distressed enterprises, we postponed and in some cases reduced their payment of social security contributions.We also reduced or exempted reemployment tax and provided related subsidies to encourage enterprises to maintain or increase their levels of employment.We launched a series of employment service activities, created public-service jobs through multiple channels, and encouraged college graduates to take jobs at the primary level, enlist in the army, or join enterprises and institutions as interns.We provided job training for 21 million urban and rural workers.These measures helped bring about basic employment stability.We accelerated improvements in the social security system.We established a nationwide pension planning system at the provincial level, and introduced a method for transferring pension accounts for workers of urban enterprises, some of whom are rural migrant workers.We launched a pilot project for a new rural pension insurance system in 320 counties-a historic step forward in the development of China's social security system.The central government allocated 290.6 billion yuan in social security funds, an increase of 16.6%.Pensions for enterprise retirees increased for the fifth consecutive year and registered another 10% rise per person.We provided better care for childless and infirm rural residents receiving guarantees of food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses.We increased subsidies for entitled groups and subsistence allowances for both urban and rural recipients.The central government used 55.1 billion yuan to develop low-income housing projects, a two-fold increase over the previous year.We built, renovated or expanded 2 million low-income housing units of various types, and renovated or built 1.3 million housing units in different types of run-down areas.Nationwide, social security funds reached 692.7 billion yuan, an increase of 44.2%.We strengthened the social security system.We made education more equitable.We increased education spending nationwide significantly, including central government spending of 198.1 billion yuan, an increase of 23.6%.We comprehensively implemented the urban and rural compulsory education policy, spent 66.6 billion yuan of central government funds on rural compulsory education, and reached the target of raising public spending for rural secondary and primary school students to an average of 500 yuan and 300 yuan per student respectively a year ahead of schedule.We implemented a performance-based pay system for compulsory education teachers.We started to implement the policy of free tuition for rural students attending secondary vocational schools whose families have financial difficulties and students in such schools who are studying agriculture-related majors.We constantly improved the national student financial aid system, which benefited 28.71 million students and basically ensured that no children from poor families were denied schooling due to financial difficulties.We made steady progress in the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields.We organized the implementation of the reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems.The central government spent 127.7 billion yuan on medical and health care, an increase of 49.5 %.A total of 401 million urban workers and non-working urban residents subscribed to basic medical insurance, and coverage of the new type of rural cooperative medical care system reached 830 million people.The central government allocated 42.9 billion yuan to solve the problem of medical insurance for retired workers from closed and bankrupt state-owned enterprises.The basic drug system has been implemented in 30% of primary-level medical and health care institutions.Central government funds were used to support the construction of a number of county-level hospitals, town and township central hospitals, and community health service centers.We launched major public health service projects, including one to increase vaccinations against hepatitis B.We intensified special campaigns for food and drug safety.Faced with the sudden outbreak of influenza A(H1N1), we carried out scientific and orderly prevention and control work in accordance with the law, and thereby effectively protected people's lives and maintained normal order in society.It was not at all easy for our country to make all these achievements against the backdrop of the severe impact of the global financial crisis and the negative growth of the world economy.They were the result of the overall planning and correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary as well as the concerted and strenuous efforts of the whole Party, the entire army, and the people of all of our ethnic groups.On behalf of the State Council, I hereby express our sincere gratitude to the people of all of our ethnic groups and to the democratic parties, mass organizations, and people from all sectors of society.I also express our sincere thanks to our compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas, as well as to foreign governments, international organizations, and friends in other countries that take an interest in and support China's modernization.In the course of the past year, as we conscientiously applied the Scientific Outlook on Development, vigorously responded to the global financial crisis and completed all of our government work, we came to the following conclusions: We must continue to make use of both market mechanisms and macro-control, that is, at the same time as we keep our reforms oriented toward a market economy, let market forces play their basic role in allocating resources, and stimulate the market's vitality, we must make best use of the socialist system's advantages, which enable us to make decisions efficiently, organize effectively, and concentrate resources to accomplish large undertakings.We must balance long-and short-term interests, take into account long-and short-term needs, and address both the symptoms and root causes of problems.We must overcome short-term difficulties and solve major problems as well as strengthen key areas and weak links in order to lay a foundation for long-term development.We must continue to consider domestic and international situations, make it a long-term strategic policy to boost domestic demand, adhere to the win-win strategy of opening up, and quickly formulate a pattern in which domestic demand and foreign demand drive economic growth in concert.We must always remember that developing the economy is inseparable from improving people's wellbeing and safeguarding social fairness and justice;make improving people's wellbeing the focus of development, and the starting point, goal, and lasting driving force of economic development;strive to safeguard fairness and justice;ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development;and promote social harmony and stability.We must give free rein to the initiative of both the central and local authorities.While stressing unity of thinking and keeping overall interests in mind, we also need to encourage everyone to proceed in light of local conditions and make explorations and innovations, in order to form a powerful, concerted force for overcoming present difficulties.All of these experiences are of vital and profound significance for keeping to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, improving our ability to run the socialist market economy, and pushing ahead the process of modernization.II.Main Tasks for 2010

      This is a crucial year for continuing to deal with the global financial crisis, maintaining steady and rapid economic development, and accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development.It is also an important year for achieving all the targets of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and laying a solid foundation for development on the basis of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.Although this year's development environment may be better than last year's, we still face a very complex situation.Some positive changes and negative influences are growing while others are diminishing.Short-term and long-term problems are interwoven, domestic and international factors mutually affect each other, and the dilemmas facing economic and social development are increasing.Internationally, the global economy will hopefully turn around.International financial markets are stabilizing, and the overall trend toward increased economic globalization has not changed.Considerable changes and adjustments in the world economic structure will bring new development opportunities.At the same time, many destabilizing factors and uncertainties remain in our external environment.The foundation for global economic recovery remains weak;financial risks have not been completely eliminated;individual countries face difficult choices in phasing out their stimulus policies;larger fluctuations may occur in the prices of major commodities and exchange rates among the major currencies;trade protectionism is clearly reasserting itself;and global problems such as climate change, food security and energy and resource supplies remain complex.Domestically, our country is still in an important period of strategic opportunities.The foundation for economic turnaround is becoming stronger, market confidence has increased, the policy we adopted to boost domestic demand and improve people's wellbeing continues to show results, and enterprises are constantly becoming more competitive and better able to adapt to market changes.Nevertheless, there are still some serious problems affecting economic and social development.There is insufficient internal impetus driving economic growth;our independent innovation capability is not strong;there is still considerable excess production capacity in some industries and it is becoming more difficult to restructure them;while the pressure on employment is constantly growing overall, there is a structural shortage of labor;the foundation for keeping agricultural production and farmers' incomes growing steadily is weak;latent risks in the banking and public finance sectors are increasing;and major problems in the areas of healthcare, education, housing, income distribution and public administration urgently require solutions.We must make a comprehensive and correct judgment of the situation, and we must not interpret the economic turnaround as a fundamental improvement in the economic situation.We need to strengthen our awareness of potential dangers, make full use of favorable conditions and positive factors, strive to resolve problems, make even more thorough preparations to deal with risks and challenges of all kinds, and firmly keep the initiative in our work.To do a good job of our government work this year, we need to conscientiously implement the guiding principles of the Seventeenth National Party Congress and the third and fourth plenary sessions of the Seventeenth Central Committee;take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide;thoroughly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development;strive to apply macro-control appropriately and maintain steady and rapid economic development;work hard to accelerate economic restructuring and the transformation of the pattern of economic development;press ahead with reform and opening up and with independent innovation;strive to improve people's wellbeing and to promote social harmony and stability;make headway with our efforts to encourage socialist economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological development;pick up the pace of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects;and work hard to achieve sound, rapid economic and social development.This year the main targets we have set for economic and social development are: increasing GDP by approximately 8%, creating jobs for more than 9 million people entering the urban workforce, keeping the urban registered unemployment rate no higher than 4.6%, holding the rise in consumer prices to around 3%, and improving the balance of payments.Here I would like to stress that in targeting a GDP increase of around 8%, we are emphasizing sound development, and we need to guide all sectors to focus on transforming the pattern of economic development and restructuring the economy in their work.By targeting an increase in consumer prices of around 3%, we are giving full consideration to the carry-over effects of last year's price changes, the reverberations caused by price changes for major international commodities, the continued impact of increases in domestic supplies of money and credit, and consumers' ability to bear price increases, while also leaving room for reform in resource and environment taxes and fees and in the pricing of resource products.This year we will focus on the following eight areas.1.Exercising better macro-control and maintaining steady and rapid economic development

      We need to continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We need to maintain continuity and stability in our policies while constantly making them better-targeted and more flexible as circumstances and conditions change, and keep a good grasp of the intensity, pace and focus of their implementation.We need to skillfully handle the relationship between maintaining steady and rapid economic development, restructuring the economy and managing inflation expectations.We not only need to maintain sufficient policy intensity and consolidate the momentum of the economic turnaround, but we also need to accelerate economic restructuring and make substantive progress in transforming the pattern of economic development.In addition, we need to manage inflation expectations well and keep the overall level of prices stable.We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy.First, we will keep the deficit and government bonds at appropriate levels.This year, we have projected a deficit of 1.05 trillion yuan, which consists of 850 billion yuan in central government deficit and 200 billion yuan in local government bonds, which will be included in local government budgets.These arrangements are based mainly on the consideration that this year revenue will fall significantly short of expenditures.Regarding revenue, last year's one-off measures to increase revenue will either not be repeated or will be decreased.We also need to continue to implement the policy of structural tax reductions;consequently, revenue will not increase very quickly.Regarding expenditures, we will continue to implement the package plan for dealing with the global financial crisis, and increase spending to complete work on projects now under construction, strengthen weak links, carry forward reform, improve people's wellbeing and maintain stability.Second, we will continue to implement the structural tax reduction policy to expand domestic demand and promote economic restructuring.Third, we will improve the structure of expenditures, maintain expenditures in some areas while reducing them in others, and spend our money where it counts the most.We will continue to give preference to agriculture, farmers, and rural areas, and to improving people's wellbeing and developing social programs.We will support energy conservation, environmental protection, independent innovation, and development in underdeveloped areas.We will strictly control regular expenditures, and do all we can to reduce public spending.Fourth, we will effectively improve government debt management, strengthen internal and external restraints, and effectively guard against and fend off latent public finance risks.In addition, we need to strengthen tax collection and supervision as well as supervision of non-tax revenue in accordance with the law, strictly crack down on tax fraud, and collect all due taxes.We will continue to implement a moderately easy monetary policy.First, we will ensure that there are proper and sufficient supplies of money and credit.This year's target for expanding the broad money supply(M2)is around 17%, and we will increase the total quantity of renminbi loans by approximately 7.5 trillion yuan.Although both of these increases are less than the actual increases last year, they are still moderately easy policy goals, and they can satisfy reasonable financial demands of economic and social development.In addition, these goals are beneficial for managing inflation expectations and making financial support for economic development more sustainable.Second, we will improve the credit structure.We will implement a credit policy that guarantees credit in some areas and limits it in others;increase support for important areas and weak links;effectively alleviate the difficulties farmers and small businesses have in obtaining financing;and strictly control loans to industries that are energy-intensive, highly polluting or saddled with overcapacity.We will strengthen post-loan supervision and ensure that loans are used to support the real economy.Third, we will actively expand direct financing.We will improve the system of multilevel capital markets, increase financing by selling equities and issuing bonds, and better satisfy the diverse demand for investment and financing.Fourth, we will strengthen risk management and make financial oversight and supervision more effective.We will explore ways to establish a system of prudent macro management, strengthen the monitoring of the cross-border flow of capital, and guard against all kinds of financial risks.We will continue to improve the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate and keep it basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will energetically expand consumer demand.We will continue to increase farmers' incomes, basic pensions of enterprise retirees, allowances to some entitled groups, subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents, and people's purchasing power, especially low-and middle-income earners.We will strengthen and expand traditional consumption, and promote the upgrading of the consumption structure by actively cultivating areas of high consumption, such as information, tourism, culture, fitness, training, services for the elderly and household services.We will increase consumer credit.We will strengthen infrastructure, such as the logistics system, and vigorously develop e-commerce.We will overhaul and standardize markets to create a convenient, safe and worry-free environment for consumers.We will continue to implement and improve all of our policies and measures for encouraging consumption.We will considerably raise the maximum price limits for home appliances sold in the countryside, increase types of appliances and models eligible for subsidies, expand the scope of subsidies, improve the criteria for qualifying for subsidies and the way subsidies are granted, strengthen supervision and evaluation of enterprises that win bids for contracts, and raise the quality of products and services.We will improve the policies for getting consumers to trade-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and getting rural residents to buy motor vehicles, and set the purchase tax for small-displacement automobiles at 7.5%.We must implement these policies and measures, do meaningful work and do it well, and make sure the benefits reach the people.We will strive to improve the investment structure.Government investment at all levels needs to be concentrated in the most important areas, and the launching of new projects must be strictly controlled.It should be used mainly for carrying on and completing projects, and we need to ensure that projects are not stopped midway.We will steadily move forward with the recovery and reconstruction of quake-hit areas, and make sure quality and quantity targets are met.We will encourage greater non-government investment, and improve and implement policies to achieve this goal.We will strengthen and improve the supervision of investment;strictly enforce market entry standards and industrial policies concerning land use, energy conservation, environmental protection, and safety;and effectively prevent redundant construction.For projects financed through the public treasury, relevant departments need to exercise oversight of the entire course of the project, and we must prevent the construction of image and vanity projects that waste manpower and money in the name of boosting domestic demand.We will adhere to scientific and democratic decision making, and ensure that public funds are spent on projects that promote economic and social development and improve people's lives and that will stand the test of practice and history 2.Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and adjusting and optimizing the economic structure We urgently need to transform the pattern of economic development.We will work hard to put economic development onto the track of endogenous growth driven by innovation.We will continue to promote restructuring and revitalization in key industries.First, we will intensify technological upgrading.We will effectively use funds for technological upgrading to guide enterprises in developing new products, saving energy and reducing resource consumption.Second, we will encourage mergers and reorganization of enterprises.We will break industry monopolies, remove regional blockades, support superior enterprises in acquiring ones in financial difficulties, and close down backward production facilities more quickly.Third, we will comprehensively raise product quality.We will guide enterprises to improve their quality management systems, focusing on brands, standards, service, and performance, and to enhance their sense of social responsibility.We will effectively strengthen the market oversight and credibility systems, and strive to raise the quality of China's products to a new level.We will foster emerging industries of strategic importance.The global financial crisis is hastening the birth of a new technological and industrial revolution.It is of decisive importance for the future of our country that we develop emerging industries of strategic importance and capture the economic, scientific and technological high ground;therefore, we must seize opportunities, identify priorities, and achieve results.We need to vigorously develop new energy sources, new materials, energy conservation, environmental protection, biomedicine, information networks, and high-end manufacturing industries.We will make substantive progress in developing motor vehicles powered by new energy sources and in integrating telecommunications networks, cable television networks, and the Internet, and accelerate R&D in and application of the Internet of Things.We will also increase investment in and policy support for emerging industries of strategic importance.We will further promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.First, we will set up a sound service system for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will promptly revise the criteria for classifying such enterprises, accelerate the development of a public service platform and an information service network for them and bases for small business startups, continue to reduce and streamline administrative examination and approval procedures, and resolutely sort out fees and eliminate unreasonable ones.Second, we will continue to implement the policy of fiscal support for small and medium-sized enterprises.The central government will allocate 10.6 billion yuan to support their development.A preferential income tax policy for small enterprises with low profits will be implemented.Small and medium-sized enterprises will be eligible to receive money from special funds for technological upgrading in the central budget, and local governments should also increase investment in technological upgrading.Third, we will provide better financial support for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will improve the credit assessment system for small enterprises, and encourage the establishment of a loan risk compensation fund for them.We will allow full tax deductions for loan loss reserves for loans to small and medium-sized enterprises.We will develop a multilevel system of credit guarantees for these enterprises, and implement the policy of exempting business tax for qualified credit guarantee agencies serving them and allow those agencies to exempt withdrawals from reserve funds and compensation for losses from taxation.We will expand channels for small and medium-sized enterprises to obtain financing in order to effectively solve their financing problems, especially those of small enterprises.We will accelerate the development of the service sector.We will further raise the development level of the service sector and its proportion of the national economy.We will vigorously develop production-oriented service industries, including finance, logistics, information, R&D, industrial design, commerce, energy conservation, and environmental protection services, and promote the intimate integration of service industries with modern manufacturing industries.We will also develop public utilities, real estate, and property management services, community services and other service industries closely related to people's wellbeing.We will accelerate the development of tourism and expand new types of services.In view of the weak foundation and great potential of the service sector in rural areas, we need to accelerate the establishment of a sound system of rural workplace and consumer services, mainly revolving around production, sales, scientific and technological information, and financial services.We will speed up the establishment of an open, fair, and standardized system for licensing service providers and encourage the participation of non-government capital.We will further improve policies for promoting development in the service sector, and gradually lower the electricity, water, gas, and heat rates for service industries encouraged by the state to the same levels charged to industrial enterprises.We will strive to conserve energy and reduce emissions.First, we will energetically promote energy conservation and raise the efficiency of energy consumption, especially in industry, transportation, and construction.We will make solid progress in the ten major energy conservation projects, the campaign to save energy in 1,000 enterprises, and the project to promote energy-efficient products that benefit the people, and make saving energy a good habit throughout society.We will increase our energy-saving capacity by an equivalent of 80 million tons of standard coal.We will rapidly develop and employ desulphurization equipment for every coal-fired power generating unit.Second, we will strengthen environmental protection.We will work to improve the environment in key watersheds and regions, treat urban sewage and garbage, deal with pollution from non-point agricultural sources, and comprehensively clean up heavy metal pollution.In urban areas, the daily sewage treatment capacity will increase by 15 million cubic meters and the daily garbage disposal capacity will grow by 60,000 tons.Third, we will energetically develop a circular economy and the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.For the circular economy, we will support R&D in technology, demonstrations and applications, and capacity building.We will save energy, water, land and materials.We will comprehensively utilize mineral resources, recycle industrial waste, use by-product heat and pressure to generate electricity, and transform household solid waste into resources.We will rationally develop, utilize, and protect marine resources.Fourth, we will actively respond to climate change.We will improve our ability to adapt to it and ameliorate its effects.We will work hard to develop low-carbon technologies;promote application of highly efficient, energy-conserving technologies;develop new and renewable energies;and intensify development of smart power grids.We will accelerate afforestation, increase forest carbon sinks and expand our forests by at least 5.923 million hectares.We need to energetically build an industrial system and consumption pattern with low carbon emissions.We will participate in international cooperation to address climate change and work for further progress in the global fight against climate change.We will promote balanced economic development between regions.We will continue to develop the western region on a large scale, comprehensively reinvigorate the old industrial bases in northeast China and elsewhere, energize the development of the central region, and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We will conscientiously implement all plans and policies for promoting regional economic and social development.We will accelerate growth of development priority zones.We will increase support for old revolutionary areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.We will focus on formulating and implementing policies for economic and social development in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Tibetan ethnic areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces.When implementing the overall strategy for regional development, we will emphasize exploiting different regions' comparative advantages and making well-targeted efforts to solve major problems arising in the course of development in each region.We will focus on reversing the growing gap in economic and social development between regions, balancing their development better, accelerating the improvement of the public finance system, and making access to basic public services more equal.3.Improving the balance between urban and rural development and strengthening the foundation for the development of agriculture and rural areas

      After six consecutive years of increases in grain output and rural incomes, it is vital we sustain our good work in the areas of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.In accordance with the requirements for balancing urban and rural development, we need to make solving problems faced by agriculture, rural areas, and farmers a top priority in all our work;further strengthen our policies to aid agriculture and benefit farmers;coordinate industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural and rural modernization;and consolidate and build upon the good situation in agriculture and rural areas.We will promote the steady development of agriculture and a continuous increase in rural incomes.We will keep grain production stable;expand the total area sown with oilseed;increase supplies of important agricultural products in short supply;implement a large-scale effort to increase the production of grain, cotton, oilseed, and sugar;standardize farming practices in horticulture, animal husbandry, and aquaculture;and ensure the security of the “rice bag”(grain supply)and “vegetable basket”(non-staple food supply).We will continue to provide direct subsidies for grain producers, and increase general subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies and subsidies for purchasing superior crop varieties and agricultural machinery and tools.The central government will allocate 133.5 billion yuan for this purpose, a year-on-year increase of 6.04 billion yuan.We will further raise minimum grain purchase prices.The minimum prices of early indica rice, middle-season and late indica rice and japonica rice will be raised by 3 yuan, 5 yuan and 10 yuan per 50 kilograms respectively, and the minimum price of wheat will be raised by 3 yuan per 50 kilograms.We will continue to implement the policy of purchasing and temporarily stockpiling major agricultural products and give farmers more tangible benefits.We will increase fiscal support for major grain-producing, pork-producing, and cattle farming counties.We will vigorously develop the processing industry for agricultural products, promote industrialization in agriculture, support the upgrading and renovation of wholesale markets and markets for farm produce, and promote closer linkage between production and the market.We will help rural residents find jobs or start their own businesses, and increase rural incomes through a variety of channels.We will intensify poverty alleviation and development and work tirelessly to eradicate poverty and backwardness so that rural residents can soon live a prosperous and happy life.We will strengthen agricultural infrastructure.We will continue to give high priority in government spending to supporting agricultural and rural development.In the budget, our priority for fixed asset investment will be agricultural infrastructure and projects that improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and our priority for use of proceeds from the transfer of land-use rights will be developing agricultural land and building rural infrastructure.The central government plans to allocate 818.3 billion yuan for agriculture, farmers, and rural areas, an increase of 93 billion yuan over last year, and local governments at all levels will also increase their investment.We will comprehensively implement the plan to increase grain production by 50 billion kilograms nationwide, with the emphasis on major grain-producing regions.Focusing on water conservancy, we will improve agricultural infrastructure, accelerate related upgrades of large and medium-sized irrigated areas, expand the area in which water-conserving irrigation methods are used, create high-grade cropland, and finish reinforcing dilapidated large, medium-sized, and key small reservoirs.With the focus on breeding improved crop varieties, we will accelerate innovation in agricultural technology and the widespread adoption of scientific and technological advances, and carry out a major science and technology project to create new crop varieties using gene transfer technology.We will move forward with the construction of modern agriculture demonstration sites.We will accelerate the development of public services for extending agricultural technology, preventing and controlling animal and plant diseases, and providing quality oversight of agricultural products in townships, towns and regions.We will deepen rural reform.We will uphold the basic rural operation system;quickly improve relevant laws, regulations and policies;and maintain existing land contract relationships over the long term.We will strengthen supervision of and services for the transfer of contracted land-use rights, and develop diverse large-scale farming operations on the basis of legal, voluntary, and compensated transfers of land-use rights.We will continue to carry out comprehensive rural reform, improve supporting policies for the reform of tenure in collective forests, and launch the reform of state tree farms.We will continue to reform the basic system for the use of grasslands, develop specialized farmer cooperatives, improve the organization of agriculture, more quickly develop small rural financial institutions, actively promote micro-credit loans in rural areas, and improve rural financial services.We will also deepen reforms in township and town government departments.We will balance promoting urbanization and building a new countryside.We will keep to the path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics.We will promote balanced development between towns and large, small and medium-sized cities;increase the overall carrying capacity of cities and towns;ensure that cities stimulate the development of surrounding rural areas;and promote positive interaction between urbanization and the building of a new countryside.We will strengthen county economies, improve infrastructure and environmental protection in county towns and hub towns, guide an orderly flow of nonagricultural industries and rural people to small towns, and encourage returned rural migrant workers to start businesses in their hometowns.When developing urban and rural areas, we must adhere to the strictest possible systems for protecting arable land and economizing land use to genuinely safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.We will carry out reform of the household registration system and relax requirements for household registration in towns and small and medium-sized cities.We will solve employment and living problems rural migrant workers face in cities and towns in a planned and step-by-step manner, and gradually ensure that they receive the same treatment as urban residents in areas such as pay, children's education, healthcare, housing, and social security.We will further increase spending on the development of rural work and living facilities, begin a new round of upgrades of rural power grids, expand the construction of rural methane facilities, provide safe drinking water to another 60 million rural people, carry out the project to build a clean countryside, and improve working and living conditions there.We will allow eligible workers who have left agricultural work to gradually become urban residents, and develop a beautiful rural environment where farmers can live a happy life.4.Fully implementing the strategies of reinvigorating China through science and education and strengthening the nation through human resource development

      Education, science, and human resources are the cornerstones of national prosperity and rejuvenation, and are also at the core of overall national strength.We will give high priority to the development of education.For a country to become strong, it must first strengthen education.First-class education is a prerequisite for cultivating high-caliber personnel and building a great country.We will promptly begin to implement the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Program for Education Reform and Development.We will focus on the following five areas.First, we will advance education reform.We need to emancipate our minds, boldly make breakthroughs and innovations, encourage experimentation, and carry out a systematic reform of the system for operating schools, curricula, teaching methods, and evaluation systems.We will continue to give top priority to cultivating the integrity of students and vigorously promote well-rounded education.We will explore systems of school management and ways of providing education that are suitable for different types of education and the development of people with different skills, so that we run schools better and turn out better graduates.We will encourage nongovernmental sectors to run schools in order to meet people's diverse demands for education.Second, we will promote the balanced development of compulsory education.On the basis of a rational allocation of resources, we will accelerate the renovation of junior secondary school buildings in the central and western regions.We will also accelerate implementation of the nationwide program for safe primary and secondary school buildings, and ensure that buildings, equipment and teaching staff in all schools reach established standards as soon as possible.We will provide multimedia distance learning facilities for rural primary and secondary schools so that children living in the vast rural and remote areas have access to quality education resources.We will improve preschool education and develop special education schools.We will increase educational support for ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas.Third, we will continue to strengthen vocational education.With the goal of helping students find jobs, we will integrate education resources, improve teaching methods, and focus on nurturing students' employability and entrepreneurial abilities.Fourth, we will reform the management and admissions systems of institutions of higher learning.We will give them more decision-making power, encourage them to adjust their majors and curricula to meet employment needs and the needs of economic and social development;more intimately integrate personnel training, scientific and technological innovation, and academic development;inspire their teachers to concentrate on education;and become high-level universities with their own distinctive features.We will develop a number of first-class universities that produce outstanding personnel.The central government will increase support for the development of higher education in the central and western regions.Fifth, we will improve the ranks of our teachers.We will take a variety of measures to attract outstanding personnel to pursue careers in education and devote their lives to it.We will focus on strengthening training for teachers and principals of rural compulsory education schools, and encourage excellent teachers to teach in impoverished rural areas.We will intensify education to improve the professional ethics of our teachers, and enhance their sense of responsibility and mission.Hundreds of millions of families place their hopes for a better life on education, and education has a direct bearing on the quality of the nation and the future of the country.A country cannot become strong and prosperous if it does not make education universal and improve its quality.We must always keep this in mind.We will vigorously develop science and technology.We need to earnestly implement the policy of independent innovation, and comprehensively build an innovative country.We need to accelerate the implementation of our major science and technology programs.We need to concentrate on making breakthroughs in key scientific and technological problems that can drive the technological revolution forward and promote industrial invigoration, in major scientific and technological problems related to public welfare that can improve people's health and the quality of their lives, and in problems in strategic, high-tech fields that can enhance our country's international competitiveness and safeguard our national security.We will make farsighted arrangements for basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies in the fields of biology, nanoscience, quantum control, information networks, climate change, aerospace and oceanography.We will deepen the reform of the system for managing science and technology;strive to bridge the gap between science and technology and the economy;promote the development of a system of technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market provides orientation, and the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes are integrated;and promote optimal allocation, open sharing, and highly efficient use of scientific and technological resources.We will vigorously implement the strategy for intellectual property rights and strengthen the creation, application and protection of them.We will further arouse the creativity of scientists, engineers and all of society.We will accelerate the development of human resources.Talented personnel are the primary resources.We need to develop all types of human resources in a coordinated and all-round way, with the focus on producing innovative scientists and engineers, and experts and professionals in key areas of economic and social development, and energetically attract high-caliber personnel from overseas.We will set up a mechanism for diversifying funding for personnel training, so that the government, nongovernmental bodies, employers and employees all do their part.We will make full use of the basic role of market forces in allocating human resources, strive to create an institutional environment conducive to bringing forth talented people in large numbers and tapping their full potential, and make our country rich in human resources.

      第二篇:溫家寶政府工作報告

      溫家寶政府工作報告

      國務(wù)院總理溫家寶3月5日在十一屆全國人大四次會議上作政府工作報告時說,要更好地滿足人民群眾多層次多樣化文化需求,發(fā)揮文化引導(dǎo)社會、教育人民、推動發(fā)展的功能,增強

      民族凝聚力和創(chuàng)造力。

      溫家寶指出,加強公民道德建設(shè),在全社會樹立中國特色社會主義的共同理想和信念,加快構(gòu)建傳承中華傳統(tǒng)美德、符合社會主義精神文明要求、適應(yīng)社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的道德和行為規(guī)范。加強誠信體系建設(shè),建立相關(guān)制度和法律法規(guī)。增強公共文化產(chǎn)品供給和服務(wù)能力,重點加強中西部地區(qū)和城鄉(xiāng)基層的文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),繼續(xù)實施文化惠民工程。扶持公益性文化事業(yè),加強文化遺產(chǎn)保護、利用和傳承。進一步繁榮哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)。發(fā)展新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)、檔案事業(yè)。加強對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的利用和管理。深化文化體制改革,積極推進經(jīng)營性文化單位轉(zhuǎn)企改制。大力發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè),培育新型文化業(yè)態(tài),推動文化產(chǎn)業(yè)成為國民經(jīng)濟支柱性產(chǎn)業(yè)。大力開展全民健身活動,促進群眾體育和競技體育協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。加強對外

      文化體育交流與合作。

      《 人民日報 》(2011年03月06日03 版)

      第三篇:溫家寶總理政府工作報告

      溫家寶總理政府工作報告

      ——2012年3月5日在第十一屆全國人民代表大會

      第五次會議

      各位代表:

      現(xiàn)在,我代表國務(wù)院,向大會報告政府工作,請各位代表審議,并請全國政協(xié)委員提出意見。

      一、2011年工作回顧

      過去的一年,面對復(fù)雜多變的國際政治經(jīng)濟環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的國內(nèi)改革發(fā)展任務(wù),全國各族人民在中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,同心同德,團結(jié)奮進,改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值47.2萬億元,比上年增長9.2%;公共財政收入10.37萬億元,增長24.8%;糧食產(chǎn)量57121萬噸,再創(chuàng)歷史新高;城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1221萬人,城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入實際增長8.4%和11.4%。我們鞏固和擴大了應(yīng)對國際金融危機沖擊成果,實現(xiàn)了“十二五”時期良好開局。

      一年來,我們主要做了以下工作:

      (一)加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控,遏制物價過快上漲,實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。我們實施積極的財政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策,堅持正確處理保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)和管理通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系,更加注重把握好政策實施的重點、力度和節(jié)奏,努力做到調(diào)控審慎靈活、適時適度,不斷提高政策的針對性、靈活性和前瞻性。在全球通脹預(yù)期不斷增強,國際市場大宗商品價格高位波動,國內(nèi)要素成本明顯上升,部分農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給偏緊的嚴峻形勢下,我們把穩(wěn)定物價總水平作為宏觀調(diào)控的首要任務(wù),堅持綜合施策,合理運用貨幣政策工具,調(diào)節(jié)貨幣信貸增速,大力發(fā)展生產(chǎn),保障供給,搞活流通,加強監(jiān)管,居民消費價格指數(shù)、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)者出廠價格指數(shù)漲幅從8月份起逐月回落,扭轉(zhuǎn)了一度過快上漲勢頭。下半年,世界經(jīng)濟不穩(wěn)定性不確定性上升,國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟運行出現(xiàn)一些新情況新問題,我們一方面堅持宏觀調(diào)控的基本取向不變,保持宏觀經(jīng)濟政策基本穩(wěn)定,繼續(xù)控制通貨膨脹;一方面適時適度預(yù)調(diào)微調(diào),加強信貸政策與產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的協(xié)調(diào)配合,加大結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅力度,重點支持實體經(jīng)濟特別是小型微型企業(yè),重點支持民生工程特別是保障性安居工程,重點保證國家重大在建、續(xù)建項目的資金需要,有針對性地解決經(jīng)濟運行中的突出矛盾。我們堅定不移地加強房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控,確保調(diào)控政策落到實處、見到實效。投機、投資性需求得到明顯抑制,多數(shù)城市房價環(huán)比下降,調(diào)控效果正在顯現(xiàn)。我們高度重視防范和化解財政金融領(lǐng)域的潛在風(fēng)險隱患,及時對地方政府性債務(wù)進行全面審計,摸清了多年形成的地方政府性債務(wù)的總規(guī)模、形成原因、償還時限和區(qū)域分布。這些債務(wù)在經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了積極作用,形成了大量優(yōu)質(zhì)資產(chǎn);也存在一些風(fēng)險隱患,特別是部分償債能力較弱地區(qū)存在局部性風(fēng)險。我們認真開展債務(wù)清理整頓和規(guī)范工作,嚴格控制增量,積極穩(wěn)妥解決債務(wù)償還和在建項目后續(xù)融資問題。目前,我國政府性債務(wù)水平是可控的、安全的??偟目?,我國國民經(jīng)濟繼續(xù)朝著宏觀調(diào)控預(yù)期方向發(fā)展,抗風(fēng)險能力不斷增強,呈現(xiàn)增長較快、價格趨穩(wěn)、效益較好、民生改善的良好態(tài)勢。

      (二)加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式,提高發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性和產(chǎn)業(yè)的競爭力。我們堅持有扶有控,促進結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和優(yōu)化升級,增強發(fā)展后勁。鞏固和加強農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。全面落實強農(nóng)惠農(nóng)富農(nóng)政策,加大農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)補貼力度,穩(wěn)步提高糧食最低收購價,加強以農(nóng)田水利為重點的農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),開展農(nóng)村土地整治,加

      強農(nóng)業(yè)科技服務(wù)和抗災(zāi)減災(zāi),中央財政“三農(nóng)”支出超過1萬億元,比上年增加1839億元。農(nóng)業(yè)全面豐收,糧食總產(chǎn)量實現(xiàn)了歷史罕見的“八連增”,連續(xù)5年超萬億斤,標志著我國糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力穩(wěn)定躍上新臺階。繼續(xù)推進農(nóng)村危房改造,解決了6398萬農(nóng)村人口的飲水安全和60萬無電地區(qū)人口的用電問題,農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件進一步改善。

      加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級。大力培育戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè),新能源、新材料、生物醫(yī)藥、高端裝備制造、新能源汽車快速發(fā)展,三網(wǎng)融合、云計算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)試點示范工作步伐加快。企業(yè)兼并重組取得新進展。支持重點產(chǎn)業(yè)振興和技術(shù)改造,中央預(yù)算投資安排150億元,支持4000多個項目,帶動總投資3000億元。加快發(fā)展信息咨詢、電子商務(wù)等現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè),新興服務(wù)領(lǐng)域不斷拓寬。交通運輸產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展,經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)進一步夯實。

      推進節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護。發(fā)布實施“十二五”節(jié)能減排綜合性工作方案、控制溫室氣體排放工作方案和加強環(huán)境保護重點工作的意見。清潔能源發(fā)電裝機達到2.9億千瓦,比上年增加3356萬千瓦。加強重點節(jié)能環(huán)保工程建設(shè),新增城鎮(zhèn)污水日處理能力1100萬噸,5000多萬千瓦新增燃煤發(fā)電機組全部安裝脫硫設(shè)施。加大對高耗能、高排放和產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)的調(diào)控力度,淘汰落后的水泥產(chǎn)能1.5億噸、煉鐵產(chǎn)能3122萬噸、焦炭產(chǎn)能1925萬噸。實施天然林保護二期工程并提高補助標準,實行草原生態(tài)保護獎補政策,開展湖泊生態(tài)環(huán)境保護試點。植樹造林9200多萬畝。

      促進區(qū)域經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。深入實施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略和全國主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃。出臺實施促進西藏、新疆等地區(qū)跨越式發(fā)展的一系列優(yōu)惠政策。制定實施新10年農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)綱要和興邊富民行動規(guī)劃。區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性進一步增強,中西部和東北地區(qū)主要經(jīng)濟指標增速高于全國平均水平,東部地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級步伐加快。城鎮(zhèn)化率超過50%,這是中國社會結(jié)構(gòu)的一個歷史性變化。勝利完成四川汶川特大地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建任務(wù),積極推進青海玉樹、甘肅舟曲、云南盈江抗災(zāi)救災(zāi)和恢復(fù)重建工作。

      (三)大力發(fā)展社會事業(yè),促進經(jīng)濟社會協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。各級政府加大對科技、教育、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育事業(yè)的投入,全國財政支出2.82萬億元。

      持續(xù)提升科技創(chuàng)新能力。加強基礎(chǔ)研究和前沿技術(shù)研究。實施國家科技重大專項,突破一些關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù),填補了多項重大產(chǎn)品和裝備的空白。天宮一號目標飛行器與神舟八號飛船先后成功發(fā)射并順利交會對接,成為我國載人航天發(fā)展史上新的里程碑。

      扎實推進教育公平。深入貫徹落實教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要。經(jīng)過25年堅持不懈的努力,全面實現(xiàn)九年制義務(wù)教育。免除3000多萬名農(nóng)村寄宿制學(xué)生住宿費,其中1228萬名中西部家庭經(jīng)濟困難學(xué)生享受生活補助。建立起完整的家庭經(jīng)濟困難學(xué)生資助體系。初步解決農(nóng)民工隨遷子女在城市接受義務(wù)教育的問題。推動實施“學(xué)前教育三年行動計劃”,提高幼兒入園率。大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育。加強中小學(xué)教師培訓(xùn)工作,擴大中小學(xué)教師職稱制度改革試點,提高中小學(xué)教師隊伍整體素質(zhì)。首屆免費師范生全部到中小學(xué)任教,90%以上在中西部。

      大力加強文化建設(shè)。中央財政加大對文化惠民工程的支持,各地對公益性文化事業(yè)投入顯著增加。擴大公共文化設(shè)施免費開放范圍,服務(wù)面逐步拓展。文化體制改革繼續(xù)推進,文化產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展。文物保護、非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護和

      傳承取得重要進展。大力加強群眾體育設(shè)施建設(shè),全民健身活動蓬勃開展,體育事業(yè)取得新成績。

      積極穩(wěn)妥推進醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展?;踞t(yī)療保險覆蓋范圍繼續(xù)擴大,13億城鄉(xiāng)居民參保,全民醫(yī)保體系初步形成。政策范圍內(nèi)住院費用報銷比例提高,重大疾病醫(yī)療保障病種范圍進一步擴大。各級財政對城鎮(zhèn)居民醫(yī)保和新農(nóng)合的補助標準由每人每年120元提高到200元。國家基本藥物制度在政府辦基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)實現(xiàn)全覆蓋,基本藥物安全性提高、價格下降。公立醫(yī)院改革試點有序進行。基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系基本建成。基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)均等化取得新進展。

      (四)切實保障和改善民生,解決關(guān)系群眾切身利益的問題。我們堅持民生優(yōu)先,努力使發(fā)展成果惠及全體人民,促進社會公平正義。實施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。多渠道開發(fā)就業(yè)崗位,全力推動以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動就業(yè),加強職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)和公共就業(yè)服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。加大財政、稅收、金融等方面支持力度,著力促進高校畢業(yè)生、農(nóng)民工等重點人群就業(yè)。高校畢業(yè)生初次就業(yè)率77.8%,同比提高1.2個百分點。農(nóng)民工總量2.53億人,比上年增長4.4%,其中,外出農(nóng)民工1.59億人,增長3.4%。

      積極調(diào)整收入分配關(guān)系。著力提高低收入群眾收入。農(nóng)村居民人均純收入實際增速為1985年以來最高,連續(xù)兩年快于城鎮(zhèn)居民;各地普遍較大幅度調(diào)高最低工資標準;連續(xù)第7年提高企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金,全年人均增加1680元,5700多萬人受益;進一步提高城鄉(xiāng)低保補助水平以及部分優(yōu)撫對象撫恤和生活補助標準,對全國城鄉(xiāng)低保對象、農(nóng)村五保供養(yǎng)對象等8600多萬名困難群眾發(fā)放一次性生活補貼;建立社會救助和保障標準與物價上漲掛鉤的聯(lián)動機制。擴大中等收入者所占比重。個人所得稅起征點從2000元提高到3500元。降低900多萬個體工商戶稅負。中央決定將農(nóng)民人均純收入2300元(2010年不變價)作為新的國家扶貧標準,比2009年提高92%,把更多農(nóng)村低收入人口納入扶貧范圍,這是社會的巨大進步。

      加強社會保障體系建設(shè)。社會保障覆蓋范圍繼續(xù)擴大,全國參加城鎮(zhèn)基本養(yǎng)老保險、失業(yè)保險、工傷保險和生育保險人數(shù)大幅增加。2147個縣(市、區(qū))實施城鎮(zhèn)居民社會養(yǎng)老保險試點,1334萬人參保,641萬人領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金。2343個縣(市、區(qū))開展新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險試點,3.58億人參保,9880萬人領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金,覆蓋面擴大到60%以上。解決了500多萬名集體企業(yè)退休人員養(yǎng)老保障的歷史遺留問題。將312萬名企業(yè)“老工傷”人員和工亡職工供養(yǎng)親屬納入工傷保險統(tǒng)籌管理。養(yǎng)老保險跨地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)工作有序推進。社會保障體系不斷健全,向制度全覆蓋邁出重大步伐,這是推進基本公共服務(wù)均等化取得的重要成就。

      大力推進保障性安居工程建設(shè)。出臺關(guān)于保障性安居工程建設(shè)和管理的指導(dǎo)意見,完善財政投入、土地供應(yīng)、信貸支持、稅費減免等政策,著力提高規(guī)劃建設(shè)和工程質(zhì)量水平,制定保障性住房分配、管理、退出等制度和辦法。中央財政安排資金1713億元,是2010年的2.2倍,全年城鎮(zhèn)保障性住房基本建成432萬套,新開工建設(shè)1043萬套。

      努力維護社會公共安全。加強安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管,做好重特大安全事故的處置、調(diào)查、問責工作。完善食品安全監(jiān)管體制機制,集中打擊、整治非法添加和違法生產(chǎn)加工行為。堅持以人為本、服務(wù)為先,加強和創(chuàng)新社會管理,著力排查化解各類社會矛盾,依法打擊違法犯罪活動,保持社會和諧穩(wěn)定。

      (五)深入推進改革開放,為經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展注入新的活力和動力。我們按照“十二五”規(guī)劃提出的改革任務(wù),加大攻堅力度,推動重點領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)的改革。

      完善公共財政體系特別是預(yù)算管理制度,把預(yù)算外資金全部納入預(yù)算管理,擴大國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算實施范圍,深化部門預(yù)算改革,推進政府預(yù)算、決算公開,98個中央部門和北京、上海、廣東、陜西等省市公開“三公經(jīng)費”。在全國范圍實施原油、天然氣資源稅從價計征改革,出臺營業(yè)稅改征增值稅試點方案。把跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算范圍擴大到全國,啟動境外直接投資人民幣結(jié)算試點,開展外商直接投資人民幣結(jié)算業(yè)務(wù)。深化集體林權(quán)制度改革,啟動國有林場改革試點,依法開展草原承包經(jīng)營登記。推進水利建設(shè)管理體制改革,創(chuàng)新水資源管理體制。深化國有企業(yè)改革。啟動實施電網(wǎng)主輔分離改革重組以及上網(wǎng)電價和非居民用電價格調(diào)整方案。基本完成鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機構(gòu)改革。事業(yè)單位分類改革有序開展。

      我們堅持出口和進口并重,利用外資和對外投資并舉,全面提升開放型經(jīng)濟水平。積極推進市場多元化戰(zhàn)略,努力優(yōu)化貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)。全年貨物進出口總額

      3.64萬億美元,增長22.5%,其中,出口增長20.3%,進口增長24.9%,貿(mào)易順差進一步下降。實際使用外商直接投資1160億美元,服務(wù)業(yè)和中西部地區(qū)比重提高。企業(yè)“走出去”步伐加快,非金融類對外直接投資601億美元。積極參與國際和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟合作,多邊雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系繼續(xù)深化。

      我們在民主法制建設(shè)、國防和軍隊建設(shè)、港澳臺工作和外交工作等方面,都取得了卓有成效的進展。

      第四篇:2004溫家寶政府工作報告

      2004年政府工作報告

      2004年政府工作報告

      ——2004年3月5日在第十屆全國人民代表大會第二次會議上

      國務(wù)院總理溫家寶

      各位代表:

      本屆政府履行職責已經(jīng)一年?,F(xiàn)在,我代表國務(wù)院,向大會作政府工作報告,請予審議,并請全國政協(xié)各位委員提出意見。一、一年來工作回顧

      過去的一年,是我國發(fā)展進程中重要而非同尋常的一年,是改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得顯著成就的一年。面對復(fù)雜多變的國際形勢、突如其來的非典型肺炎疫情和頻繁發(fā)生的自然災(zāi)害,在中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,各級政府和全國各族人民一道,以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo),貫徹落實黨的十六大精神,迎難而上,頑強拼搏,奮力開拓創(chuàng)新,在全面建設(shè)小康社會的道路上邁出重要步伐。

      ——抗擊非典取得重大勝利。

      ——經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比上年增長9.1%,達到11.67萬億元;按現(xiàn)行匯率計算,人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值突破1000美元,跨上一個重要臺階。

      ——國家財力明顯增強。全國財政收入達到2.17萬億元,比上年增加2787億元。

      ——對外貿(mào)易大幅增長。進出口總額比上年增長37.1%,達到8512億美元,由上年居世界第五位上升到第四位。

      ——就業(yè)超過預(yù)期目標。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)859萬人,下崗失業(yè)人員再就業(yè)440萬人。

      ——居民收入增加。城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入實際增長9%,農(nóng)民人均純收入實際增長4.3%。

      ——首次載人航天飛行獲得圓滿成功。

      這些成就,標志著我國綜合國力又有新的提高,進一步增強了全國人民繼續(xù)前進的信心和勇氣。

      一年來,我們主要做了以下六方面工作:

      (一)采取果斷措施,集中力量抗擊非典

      去年春天,我國遭遇了一場非典疫情重大災(zāi)害。黨中央、國務(wù)院把人民群眾的身體健康和生命安全放在第一位,及時研究和部署防治非典工作。貫徹《中華人民共和國傳染病防治法》,制定《突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件應(yīng)急條例》,將非典列為法定傳染病管理,如實公布疫情,在全國范圍內(nèi)實行群防群控。國務(wù)院和地方政府成立防治非典指揮部,統(tǒng)一調(diào)度人力物力財力,充分發(fā)揮城鄉(xiāng)基層組織的作用,確保預(yù)防、救治工作緊張有序進行。組織科研攻關(guān),在診斷、治療、防疫等方面取得重要進展。對農(nóng)民非典患者實行免費治療等措施,嚴防疫情向農(nóng)村擴散。

      在抗擊非典斗爭的艱難時刻,各級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部深入第一線,全國人民萬眾一心,社會各界同舟共濟,廣大醫(yī)務(wù)工作者臨危不懼,中華民族經(jīng)受住了嚴峻的考驗。

      (二)適時適度調(diào)控,促進經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)快速發(fā)展

      我們堅持擴大內(nèi)需方針,繼續(xù)實施積極的財政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策,針對經(jīng)濟運行中出現(xiàn)的新情況,及時采取措施進行宏觀調(diào)控。

      在非典肆虐的情況下,我們堅持一手抓防治非典不放松,一手抓經(jīng)濟建設(shè)不動搖。著力加強重點建設(shè),促進工業(yè)生產(chǎn),保證物流暢通,及時對受疫情沖擊較大的行業(yè)實行減免稅費、貼息貸款等扶持政策,并制定促進就業(yè)和增加農(nóng)民收入等方面的措施,最大限度地減輕了疫情對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的影響。

      我們主要運用經(jīng)濟、法律手段,采取綜合措施,引導(dǎo)和調(diào)控社會投資。進一步整頓和規(guī)范土地市場秩序,全面清理各類開發(fā)區(qū),制止亂征濫占耕地。適當提高金融機構(gòu)存款準備金率,控制貨幣信貸過快增長勢頭。在調(diào)控中,注意適度微調(diào)和區(qū)別對待。

      我們加大“三農(nóng)”工作力度,及時作出部署,保護糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)和廣大農(nóng)民的種糧積極性。加強經(jīng)濟運行協(xié)調(diào),采取措施增加供給,引導(dǎo)需求合理增長,緩解煤、電、油、運和重要原材料供應(yīng)緊張狀況。

      我們積極推進經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整,抓緊一批對經(jīng)濟增長和結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整有重大促進作用的重點項目建設(shè),特別是加快水利、能源、交通等項目的開工和建設(shè)。三峽水利樞紐二期工程勝利完成,三期工程拉開序幕;西氣東輸東段工程成功貫通;青藏鐵路正線鋪軌順利推進;西電東送規(guī)模擴大;南水北調(diào)工程東、中線開工建設(shè)。西部大開發(fā)繼續(xù)推進,東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興戰(zhàn)略開始實施。

      (三)注重統(tǒng)籌兼顧,加快社會事業(yè)發(fā)展

      非典疫情蔓延,集中暴露出我國經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)的問題。我們從政府工作的著力點和財政投入等方面,及時作出必要調(diào)整,推動社會事業(yè)加快發(fā)展。中央財政全年用于教育、衛(wèi)生、科技、文化、體育事業(yè)的支出達855億元,比上年增長12.4%;支持社會事業(yè)發(fā)展的國債投資達163億元,增長近兩倍。

      以疾病預(yù)防控制和農(nóng)村為重點,加強全國公共衛(wèi)生體系建設(shè)。制定并組織實施《國家公共衛(wèi)生監(jiān)測信息體系建設(shè)規(guī)劃》和《突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件醫(yī)療救治體系建設(shè)規(guī)劃》,建立突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件預(yù)警和應(yīng)急機制。加強公共衛(wèi)生設(shè)施建設(shè),重點抓了省、市(地)、縣三級疾病預(yù)防控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)。采取中央與地方共建辦法,加強農(nóng)村衛(wèi)生醫(yī)療機構(gòu)建設(shè)。開展新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度和醫(yī)療救助制度試點。

      國務(wù)院作出《關(guān)于進一步加強農(nóng)村教育工作的決定》。中央財政和國債資金加大了對農(nóng)村教育的支持力度,主要用于補助中西部農(nóng)村教師工資發(fā)放、中小學(xué)危房改造、中小學(xué)現(xiàn)代遠程教育工程試點和資助家庭經(jīng)濟困難的學(xué)生。許多城市開始實行以流入地政府管理為主的辦法,努力使進城務(wù)工農(nóng)民的子女能夠上學(xué)。

      一年來,我國基礎(chǔ)研究、戰(zhàn)略高技術(shù)研究和高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)化取得重要進展。國務(wù)院著手編制國家中長期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃,組織大批專家參與研究論證,已有一批重要研究成果。

      積極推進文化體制改革和文化事業(yè)發(fā)展。文化市場整頓力度加大。群眾體育和競技體育運動取得新成績。

      人口和計劃生育工作進一步加強。國土資源管理、環(huán)境保護、林業(yè)發(fā)展和生態(tài)建設(shè)等方面都做了大量工作,取得新成效。

      (四)關(guān)心群眾生活,做好就業(yè)和社會保障工作

      我們高度重視解決群眾特別是困難群眾的生產(chǎn)生活問題,維護群眾切身利益。各級政府認真落實中央關(guān)于擴大就業(yè)再就業(yè)的一系列措施,加大資金投入、政策支持和工作力度。中央財政新增47億元專項補助資金,用于支持就業(yè)再就業(yè)。加強對高校擴招后首批畢業(yè)生就業(yè)的指導(dǎo)和服務(wù),全國普通高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)率去年底達到83%,比上年增加60萬人。

      為繼續(xù)落實“兩個確?!焙汀叭龡l保障線”,2003年中央財政支出700億元,比上年增長19.9%;其中用于城市居民最低生活保障的補助資金由上年46億元增加到92億元。全國2235萬城市居民得到最低生活保障。從2003年起,中央財政每年安排專項資金,支持地方解決企業(yè)軍轉(zhuǎn)干部等生活困難問題;再次提高革命傷殘人員等優(yōu)撫對象的撫恤補助標準。

      我們進一步加強農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)工作,增加資金投入,改善貧困地區(qū)生產(chǎn)生活條件。全力做好抗災(zāi)救災(zāi)工作,中央財政用于洪澇、干旱、地震等救災(zāi)救濟支出80.3億元,比上年增長63.9%;用于災(zāi)后重建的中央投資27.9億元。災(zāi)區(qū)群眾生活得到妥善安排,恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)和重建工作有序進行。各級政府重視解決拖欠農(nóng)民工工資問題,加大了工作力度,取得初步成效。

      (五)推進體制創(chuàng)新,改革開放邁出重要步伐

      按照十屆全國人大一次會議批準的方案,國務(wù)院機構(gòu)改革順利完成,調(diào)整和新組建的機構(gòu)運轉(zhuǎn)正常。宏觀調(diào)控體系建設(shè)、國有資產(chǎn)管理體制改革和銀行業(yè)監(jiān)管體系建設(shè)取得重要進展。統(tǒng)一內(nèi)外貿(mào)管理體制,調(diào)整了食品安全和安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管體制。省級政府機構(gòu)改革基本完成。行政審批制度改革進一步深化。

      國有企業(yè)股份制改革繼續(xù)推進。電力、電信、民航等行業(yè)的改革加快。國有及國有控股工業(yè)企業(yè)經(jīng)濟效益大幅度提高,實現(xiàn)利潤3784億元,比上年增長45.2%。銀行、證券、保險業(yè)改革穩(wěn)步推進。制定并實施國有商業(yè)銀行股份制改造試點方案。改革了證券發(fā)行審核制度。國有保險企業(yè)股份制改造取得明顯進展。醞釀多年的農(nóng)村信用社改革開始在8個?。ㄊ校┰圏c。農(nóng)村稅費改革試點擴大到全國。促進非公有制經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的政策措施進一步落實。深入整頓和規(guī)范市場秩序,堅決打擊制售假冒偽劣商品和走私等違法犯罪活動,改善市場環(huán)境,維護消費者和生產(chǎn)者合法權(quán)益。

      我們認真履行加入世貿(mào)組織的承諾,繼續(xù)降低關(guān)稅稅率,擴大服務(wù)業(yè)對外開放。外貿(mào)經(jīng)營權(quán)進一步放開。制定并實施出口退稅機制改革方案,積累多年的欠退稅問題將逐步得到合理解決。加強了應(yīng)對國外反傾銷調(diào)查和解決貿(mào)易爭端的工作。進出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)進一步優(yōu)化。全年實際利用外商直接投資535億美元。年底國家外匯儲備達4033億美元,比年初增加1168億美元。人民幣匯率保持穩(wěn)定。去年,還簽署了內(nèi)地與香港、內(nèi)地與澳門建立更緊密經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的安排,增強了內(nèi)地與港澳的經(jīng)貿(mào)聯(lián)系。

      (六)加強法制建設(shè),維護社會穩(wěn)定

      我們高度重視政府法制建設(shè)。國務(wù)院先后提出銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理法草案、對外貿(mào)易法修訂草案等5部法律議案;制定了《企業(yè)國有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)督管理暫行條例》等28部行政法規(guī)。針對收容遣送工作中存在的問題,制定并組織實施《城市生活無著的流浪乞討人員救助管理辦法》和配套措施?!斗稍鷹l例》的實施,為困難群眾解決打官司難提供幫助。

      加強社會治安綜合治理。對治安混亂地區(qū)進行重點整治。加大對嚴重暴力犯罪等突出犯罪的打擊力度,社會治安取得新的進步。堅持執(zhí)法為民、從嚴治警,著重解決超期羈押、濫用強制措施等問題,保障公民的合法權(quán)益。加強政法隊伍建設(shè),發(fā)揮公安機關(guān)和武警部隊在維護社會穩(wěn)定中的重要作用。

      過去的一年,各級政府按照黨中央的部署,興起學(xué)習(xí)貫徹“三個代表”重要思想和黨的十六大精神的高潮。社會主義政治文明建設(shè)繼續(xù)推進,精神文明建設(shè)進一步加強。廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗工作取得新成效。民族、宗教、僑務(wù)工作取得新成績。國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)邁出新步伐。外交工作開創(chuàng)了新局面。

      一年來各方面的顯著成就,確實來之不易。這是黨中央總攬全局、正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果,是全國各族人民團結(jié)奮斗、辛勤勞動的結(jié)果。我代表國務(wù)院向全國工人、農(nóng)民、知識分子和干部,向社會主義勞動者和社會主義事業(yè)的建設(shè)者,向解放軍指戰(zhàn)員、武警部隊官兵和公安民警,表示誠摯的感謝!向全國各族人民,各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士,對政府工作的信任和支持,表示誠摯的感謝!向關(guān)心和支持祖國建設(shè)和統(tǒng)一的香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞和臺灣同胞,以及廣大僑胞,向一切關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國朋友,表示誠摯的感謝!

      回顧過去一年,我們清醒地看到,在前進道路上還有許多困難和問題,政府工作還有不少缺點,群眾還有一些不滿意的地方,多年積累的深層次矛盾從根本上解決還需要相當長時間。農(nóng)民增收緩慢,就業(yè)和社會保障任務(wù)重,區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡,部分社會成員收入差距過大,資源環(huán)境壓力增加。在經(jīng)濟加快發(fā)展的過程中,又出現(xiàn)一些新的矛盾,特別是投資規(guī)模偏大,部分行業(yè)和地區(qū)盲目投資、低水平重復(fù)建設(shè)比較嚴重,能源、交通和部分原材料供求關(guān)系緊張。糧食減產(chǎn)較多,違法違規(guī)占用耕地現(xiàn)象比較突出。社會事業(yè)發(fā)展滯后,群眾對上學(xué)難、看病難等問題反映比較強烈。城鄉(xiāng)不少低收入居民生活還比較困難。一些地方嚴重刑事犯罪案件屢有發(fā)生。重大安全事故接連出現(xiàn),給人民群眾生命財產(chǎn)造成嚴重損失,教訓(xùn)極為深刻。我們還清醒地看到,有些政府工作人員存在主觀主義、形式主義和官僚主義作風(fēng),奢侈浪費,弄虛作假,甚至貪污腐敗。政府自身建設(shè)和反腐敗工作十分艱巨。

      對這些矛盾和問題,必須高度重視而不可回避,認真解決而不可任其發(fā)展。政府工作任重道遠。我們要保持清醒頭腦,增強憂患意識和歷史責任感,下定決心,知難而進,開拓創(chuàng)新,扎實工作,以新的精神狀態(tài)、新的工作面貌,迎接新的考驗,決不辜負人民的期望。

      二、2004年主要任務(wù)

      今年是我國改革和發(fā)展十分關(guān)鍵的一年。政府工作的基本思路和主要任務(wù)是,以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo),全面貫徹黨的十六大和十六屆三中全會精神,抓住重要戰(zhàn)略機遇期,抓好發(fā)展這個第一要務(wù),堅持科學(xué)發(fā)展觀,按照“五個統(tǒng)籌”的要求,更加注重搞好宏觀調(diào)控,更加注重統(tǒng)籌兼顧,更加注重以人為本,更加注重改革創(chuàng)新,著力解決經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中的突出矛盾,著力解決關(guān)系人民群眾切身利益的突出問題,正確處理改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系,推動經(jīng)濟社會全面、協(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展,實現(xiàn)社會主義物質(zhì)文明、政治文明和精神文明共同進步。

      (一)加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控,保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展

      今年經(jīng)濟工作的基本著眼點,是把各方面加快發(fā)展的積極性保護好、引導(dǎo)好、發(fā)揮好,實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展,防止經(jīng)濟出現(xiàn)大起大落。中央提出今年經(jīng)濟增長預(yù)期目標為7%左右,既考慮了保持宏觀調(diào)控目標的連續(xù)性,也考慮了經(jīng)濟增長速度與能源、重要原材料、交通運輸?shù)葘嶋H條件的銜接,減輕對資源和環(huán)境的壓力。這也有利于引導(dǎo)各方面把主要精力放在深化改革、調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)、提高經(jīng)濟增長的質(zhì)量和效益上,把更多的財力、物力用在社會發(fā)展和加強薄弱環(huán)節(jié)上。

      搞好宏觀調(diào)控,既要保持宏觀經(jīng)濟政策的連續(xù)性和穩(wěn)定性,又要根據(jù)經(jīng)濟形勢發(fā)展變化,適時適度調(diào)整政策實施的力度和重點。適時,就是把握好調(diào)控措施出臺的時機,見微知著,防患于未然;適度,就是松緊得當,不急剎車,不一刀切。

      要堅持擴大內(nèi)需的方針,繼續(xù)實施積極的財政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策。發(fā)行建設(shè)國債是在需求不足的情況下采取的階段性政策,隨著社會投資增長加快,應(yīng)逐步調(diào)減發(fā)債規(guī)模。今年擬發(fā)行建設(shè)國債1100億元,比上年減少300億元。為了建立正常的政府投資機制和穩(wěn)定的資金來源,在逐年減少國債發(fā)行規(guī)模的同時,要逐年適當增加中央預(yù)算內(nèi)經(jīng)常性建設(shè)投資,今年擬先增加50億元??偟目紤]是,經(jīng)過幾年努力,在現(xiàn)有財政赤字規(guī)模不擴大的情況下,中央預(yù)算內(nèi)經(jīng)常性建設(shè)投資逐步增加到一定規(guī)模,同時逐步減少發(fā)行建設(shè)國債。要調(diào)整建設(shè)國債使用方向,集中用于促進經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和社會全面發(fā)展。今年國債投資要向農(nóng)村、社會事業(yè)、西部開發(fā)、東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地、生態(tài)建設(shè)和環(huán)境保護傾斜,保證續(xù)建國債項目建設(shè)。要切實管好用好國債資金,確保國債項目工程質(zhì)量和資金使用效益。繼續(xù)做好財政稅收工作,大力增收節(jié)支,嚴格依法征稅,保證重點支出。充分發(fā)揮貨幣政策的作用,適當控制貨幣信貸規(guī)模,優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu),既要支持經(jīng)濟增長,又要防止通貨膨脹和防范金融風(fēng)險。促進國際收支基本平衡,保持人民幣匯率在合理、均衡水平上基本穩(wěn)定。

      適當控制固定資產(chǎn)投資規(guī)模,堅決遏制部分行業(yè)和地區(qū)盲目投資、低水平重復(fù)建設(shè),是今年宏觀調(diào)控的一項重要任務(wù)。要堅持以市場為導(dǎo)向,主要運用經(jīng)濟、法律手段,輔之以必要的行政手段,加強引導(dǎo)和調(diào)控。一要完善產(chǎn)業(yè)政策和行業(yè)規(guī)劃,健全行業(yè)信息發(fā)布制度,正確引導(dǎo)社會投資方向。二要抓緊制定和完善行業(yè)準入標準,嚴格市場準入。凡在環(huán)保、安全、能耗、技術(shù)、質(zhì)量等方面不符合標準的項目,尚未建設(shè)的不準開工,在建的要進行清理,已建的要限期改造。三要依法加強用地管理。對不符合國家產(chǎn)業(yè)政策和行業(yè)準入標準的建設(shè)項目,一律不得批準用地。繼續(xù)清理開發(fā)區(qū),整頓規(guī)范土地市場。四要強化信貸審核和監(jiān)管。對不符合市場準入條件的新建項目和改擴建項目,金融機構(gòu)不予貸款。五要嚴肅稅制,堅決禁止和糾正擅自出臺稅收優(yōu)惠政策的行為。通過這些措施,努力使投資結(jié)構(gòu)得到調(diào)整和優(yōu)化,投資總規(guī)模保持合理水平,投資效益得到提高。要按照走新型工業(yè)化道路的要求,推進國民經(jīng)濟和社會信息化,促進產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級。積極發(fā)展對經(jīng)濟增長帶動作用大和擁有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)。加快振興裝備制造業(yè)。大力發(fā)展現(xiàn)代流通、旅游、中介服務(wù)等第三產(chǎn)業(yè),逐步提高其在國民經(jīng)濟中的比重。

      保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展,必須緩解當前能源、重要原材料和運輸?shù)墓┣竺?。一方面,要增加煤炭、電力、油品生產(chǎn);加強經(jīng)濟運行調(diào)節(jié),促進煤、電、油、運和重要原材料的供需銜接,保證居民生活、重要行業(yè)和重點企業(yè)的需要;加快大型煤炭基地、重要電源電網(wǎng)建設(shè),加快石油等重要資源勘探開發(fā),加快重大交通運輸干線與樞紐工程建設(shè)。另一方面,要堅持增產(chǎn)與節(jié)約并舉,把節(jié)約放在優(yōu)先位置。這不僅是當前解決供需矛盾的迫切需要,也是緩解我國資源環(huán)境壓力的長遠之計。必須切實轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟增長方式,各行各業(yè)都要杜絕浪費,降低消耗,提高資源利用效率,形成有利于節(jié)約資源的生產(chǎn)模式和消費方式,建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型社會。

      合理調(diào)整投資與消費的關(guān)系,是今年宏觀調(diào)控的重要方面。我國消費在國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中的比重偏低,不利于國內(nèi)需求的穩(wěn)定擴大,不利于國民經(jīng)濟持續(xù)較快增長和良性循環(huán)。要努力增加城鄉(xiāng)居民收入,提高居民購買力水平;加大收入分配調(diào)節(jié)力度,提高中低收入居民的消費能力;發(fā)展消費信貸,完善消費政策,改善消費環(huán)境;適應(yīng)消費結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,擴大服務(wù)消費領(lǐng)域,改善生產(chǎn)供給結(jié)構(gòu);各項改革措施要有利于增強消費者信心,形成良好的消費預(yù)期,增加即期消費。要通過不斷努力,逐步改變投資率偏高、消費率偏低的狀況。

      (二)鞏固和加強農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位,實現(xiàn)農(nóng)民增收和農(nóng)業(yè)增產(chǎn)

      解決農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村和農(nóng)民問題,是我們?nèi)抗ぷ鞯闹刂兄亍.斍?,我國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展又處在一個關(guān)鍵時期。今年要按照統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展的要求,采取更直接、更有力的政策措施,加強農(nóng)業(yè),支持農(nóng)業(yè),保護農(nóng)業(yè),努力增加農(nóng)民收入。

      第一,保護和提高糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力。實行最嚴格的耕地保護制度,依法加強耕地管理,堅決制止亂占濫用耕地,糾正隨意改變基本農(nóng)田用途的現(xiàn)象。加快改革土地征收、征用制度,完善土地征收、征用程序和補償機制,確保占補平衡。擴大糧食播種面積,努力提高單產(chǎn)。重點支持主產(chǎn)區(qū)發(fā)展糧食生產(chǎn),啟動優(yōu)質(zhì)糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)工程,建設(shè)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)高產(chǎn)基本農(nóng)田。

      第二,推進農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整。大力發(fā)展優(yōu)質(zhì)、高產(chǎn)、高效、生態(tài)、安全農(nóng)業(yè),提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和競爭力。推進優(yōu)勢農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)業(yè)帶建設(shè),促進農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營。積極發(fā)展畜牧業(yè),切實做好高致病性禽流感等動物疫病的防治工作。發(fā)展農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)等農(nóng)村非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè),壯大縣域經(jīng)濟。穩(wěn)步推進城鎮(zhèn)化,改善農(nóng)民進城就業(yè)環(huán)境,加強農(nóng)民工培訓(xùn),多渠道擴大農(nóng)村勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)。

      第三,繼續(xù)推進農(nóng)村稅費改革。除煙葉外,取消農(nóng)業(yè)特產(chǎn)稅,每年可使農(nóng)民減輕負擔48億元。從今年起,逐步降低農(nóng)業(yè)稅稅率,平均每年降低1個百分點以上,五年內(nèi)取消農(nóng)業(yè)稅。今年農(nóng)業(yè)稅率降低可使農(nóng)民減輕負擔70億元。為支持農(nóng)村稅費改革,今年中央財政拿出396億元用于轉(zhuǎn)移支付。加快推進縣鄉(xiāng)機構(gòu)等配套改革。

      第四,深化糧食流通體制改革。全面放開糧食購銷市場,加快國有糧食企業(yè)改革,加強糧食市場管理和調(diào)控,對種糧農(nóng)民實行直接補貼。今年國家從糧食風(fēng)險基金中拿出100億元,直接補貼種糧農(nóng)民,以調(diào)動農(nóng)民種糧的積極性。加強農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)資料價格監(jiān)管,保護農(nóng)民利益。

      第五,加大對農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村投入力度。各級政府都要增加對“三農(nóng)”的投入。今年中央財政投入增加300億元以上,比上年增長20%以上。國債投資重點加強農(nóng)村“六小工程”和農(nóng)田水利建設(shè),改善農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)生活條件。繼續(xù)搞好農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā),多渠道增加扶貧資金投入,擴大以工代賑規(guī)模。改進農(nóng)村金融服務(wù),農(nóng)村信用社要增加農(nóng)戶小額信用貸款和農(nóng)戶聯(lián)保貸款,支持農(nóng)民發(fā)展生產(chǎn)。

      第六,加快農(nóng)業(yè)科技進步。加強農(nóng)業(yè)科研攻關(guān),增強農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新、儲備和轉(zhuǎn)化能力。加強農(nóng)村科技推廣體系建設(shè),大力推廣增產(chǎn)增效的先進適用技術(shù),擴大農(nóng)作物良種補貼范圍和規(guī)模。

      (三)統(tǒng)籌區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,推進西部大開發(fā)和東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興

      促進區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,是我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中的一個重大戰(zhàn)略問題。要堅持推進西部大開發(fā),振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地,促進中部地區(qū)崛起,鼓勵東部地區(qū)加快發(fā)展,形成東中西互動、優(yōu)勢互補、相互促進、共同發(fā)展的新格局。

      繼續(xù)實施西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略,認真總結(jié)經(jīng)驗,完善政策,落實各項措施,積極有序地推進。扎實搞好退耕還林、退牧還草、天然林保護、風(fēng)沙源和石漠化治理等重點生態(tài)工程;加強基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),重點抓好關(guān)系全局的重大項目,不斷增強經(jīng)濟發(fā)展后勁,繼續(xù)抓好改善農(nóng)牧民生產(chǎn)生活條件的小型工程建設(shè);以義務(wù)教育、公共衛(wèi)生和基層文化建設(shè)為重點,促進社會事業(yè)發(fā)展;積極發(fā)展特色經(jīng)濟和優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè),推進重點區(qū)域和地帶開發(fā)。

      認真實施東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興戰(zhàn)略,今年要有一個良好的開端。落實中央的各項政策措施,突出體制機制創(chuàng)新,擴大對內(nèi)對外開放。加快經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和技術(shù)進步,著力抓好重點行業(yè)、重點企業(yè)的調(diào)整改造,做好資源型城市經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型和采煤沉陷區(qū)治理工作。要堅持自力更生,艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè),充分發(fā)揮廣大干部群眾的進取精神和創(chuàng)造精神。

      加快中部地區(qū)發(fā)展是區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的重要方面。國家支持中部地區(qū)發(fā)揮區(qū)位優(yōu)勢和經(jīng)濟優(yōu)勢,加快改革開放和發(fā)展步伐,加強現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)和重要商品糧基地建設(shè),加強基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),發(fā)展有競爭力的制造業(yè)和高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè),提高工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化水平。

      東部地區(qū)加快發(fā)展,有利于增強國家財力、物力和科技實力,更好地支持中西部地區(qū)發(fā)展。要繼續(xù)發(fā)揮優(yōu)勢,加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級,進一步發(fā)展外向型經(jīng)濟,有條件的地方要率先基本實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化。東、中、西部地區(qū)要加強多種形式的合作,在協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展中逐步實現(xiàn)共同富裕。國家繼續(xù)采取措施,支持革命老區(qū)加快發(fā)展。

      (四)繼續(xù)實施科教興國戰(zhàn)略,堅持走可持續(xù)發(fā)展之路

      切實把教育放在優(yōu)先發(fā)展的地位,用更大的精力、更多的財力加快教育事業(yè)發(fā)展。實施新一輪《教育振興行動計劃》,重點加強義務(wù)教育特別是農(nóng)村教育。今年要啟動西部地區(qū)“兩基”攻堅計劃,到2007年使西部地區(qū)基本普及九年義務(wù)教育,基本掃除青壯年文盲,中央財政將為此投入100億元。要完善農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育“以縣為主”的管理體制,中央財政和省、市(地)財政要增加對貧困縣義務(wù)教育的轉(zhuǎn)移支付。繼續(xù)實施第二期農(nóng)村中小學(xué)危房改造,中央財政將投入60億元。中央財政和地方財政還將加大投入,發(fā)展農(nóng)村中小學(xué)現(xiàn)代遠程教育。優(yōu)化教育結(jié)構(gòu),積極穩(wěn)步發(fā)展高等教育,大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育和繼續(xù)教育。各級各類學(xué)校都要全面貫徹黨的教育方針,加強素質(zhì)教育,深化教育改革,提高教育質(zhì)量。規(guī)范和發(fā)展民辦教育。堅決治理教育亂收費,切實減輕學(xué)生家庭負擔。

      今年,要繼續(xù)集中力量完成國家中長期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃的編制,確定未來15年我國科技發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略、目標、任務(wù)和政策。要推進科技體制改革和機制創(chuàng)新。加快國家創(chuàng)新體系和科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),切實加強基礎(chǔ)研究。組織實施一批關(guān)系經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展全局的重大科技項目,促進科學(xué)技術(shù)與產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)合,推動高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)化。堅持社會科學(xué)和自然科學(xué)并重,充分發(fā)揮哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)在經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展中的重要作用。

      認真實施人才強國戰(zhàn)略。大力培養(yǎng)、積極引進、合理使用各類人才,為現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)提供堅強的人才保證和智力支持。

      積極實施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,按照統(tǒng)籌人與自然和諧發(fā)展的要求,做好人口、資源、環(huán)境工作。穩(wěn)定低生育水平,提高出生人口素質(zhì)。完善基層計劃生育基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和服務(wù)體系,切實加強流動人口計劃生育管理。做好老齡人口工作。認真實施全國生態(tài)環(huán)境保護和建設(shè)規(guī)劃,實施以生態(tài)建設(shè)為主的林業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。加大執(zhí)法力度,強化生態(tài)環(huán)境監(jiān)管,嚴格控制主要污染物排放,抓緊解決嚴重威脅人民群眾健康安全的環(huán)境污染問題。大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟,推行清潔生產(chǎn)。依法保護與合理利用國土資源。重視海洋資源開發(fā)與保護。加強水資源保護和節(jié)約利用。做好防災(zāi)減災(zāi)工作。

      (五)加快衛(wèi)生文化體育事業(yè)發(fā)展,加強精神文明建設(shè)

      發(fā)展衛(wèi)生事業(yè),今年重點抓好三件事。一是加強公共衛(wèi)生體系建設(shè)。力爭用三年時間,基本建成覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)、功能完善的疾病預(yù)防控制和醫(yī)療救治體系,提高應(yīng)對重大傳染病等突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件的能力。要高度重視并采取堅決有力措施,做好非典型肺炎、艾滋病、血吸蟲病等重大傳染病的防治工作。二是改善農(nóng)村醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生條件,做好新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度試點工作。要切實把醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生工作的重點放在農(nóng)村,加強農(nóng)村醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和農(nóng)村衛(wèi)生隊伍建設(shè),逐步改善農(nóng)村缺醫(yī)少藥的狀況。要從各地實際出發(fā),積極穩(wěn)妥地推進新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度試點,逐步建立由政府組織和引導(dǎo),農(nóng)民自愿參加,個人、集體和政府多方籌資,以大病統(tǒng)籌為主的農(nóng)民醫(yī)療互助共濟制度,確保農(nóng)民群眾受益。三是積極推進城鎮(zhèn)醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生體制改革試點。繼續(xù)改革城鎮(zhèn)職工基本醫(yī)療保險制度、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生和藥品生產(chǎn)流通體制。實行醫(yī)療機構(gòu)分類管理,合理配置和有效使用衛(wèi)生資源,發(fā)展社區(qū)衛(wèi)生事業(yè),改進醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。同時,在城鄉(xiāng)廣泛開展愛國衛(wèi)生運動。

      隨著我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會進步,人民群眾的精神文化需求不斷增長,必須把文化建設(shè)擺到更加重要的位置。要大力發(fā)展社會主義先進文化。弘揚以愛國主義精神為核心的民族精神,特別要加強對青少年的思想道德教育。積極開展群眾性精神文明創(chuàng)建活動。加強農(nóng)村、社區(qū)和企業(yè)等基層文化建設(shè)。普及科學(xué)知識,弘揚科學(xué)精神。倡導(dǎo)科學(xué)、健康、文明的生活方式。進一步發(fā)展文學(xué)藝術(shù)、新聞出版和廣播影視業(yè),實施精品戰(zhàn)略,提供更多健康向上、人民群眾喜聞樂見的精神文化產(chǎn)品。抓緊制定文化體制改革總體方案和文化發(fā)展綱要。積極推動文化體制改革和機制創(chuàng)新,加大對公益性文化事業(yè)扶持力度,完善文化產(chǎn)業(yè)政策,發(fā)揮市場機制作用,促進文化事業(yè)和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)共同發(fā)展。搞好文物、檔案工作和自然、文化遺產(chǎn)保護工作。繼續(xù)加強文化市場和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的建設(shè)與管理,堅持不懈地進行“掃黃”“打非”斗爭。積極擴大對外文化交流。廣泛開展全民健身運動,努力提高競技體育水平。繼續(xù)做好2008年北京奧運會和2010年上海世界博覽會的準備工作。

      (六)抓住有利時機,深化經(jīng)濟體制改革

      今年,要按照黨的十六屆三中全會決定的部署,有重點有步驟地推進改革,力求在一些重要方面取得新進展。

      深化國有資產(chǎn)管理體制和國有企業(yè)改革。抓緊完善國有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)督管理相關(guān)法規(guī)和實施辦法,研究建立國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算制度和企業(yè)經(jīng)營業(yè)績考核體系,進一步落實國有資產(chǎn)經(jīng)營責任。積極推進國有企業(yè)規(guī)范的股份制改造,完善產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)和法人治理結(jié)構(gòu),推動企業(yè)經(jīng)營機制轉(zhuǎn)換。大力發(fā)展混合所有制經(jīng)濟,逐步使股份制成為公有制的主要實現(xiàn)形式。繼續(xù)做好電信、電力、民航等行業(yè)的改革重組工作,穩(wěn)步推進郵政、鐵路行業(yè)改革。推進市政公用事業(yè)的市場化進程。通過改革和發(fā)展,形成一批核心競爭力強、擁有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)和知名品牌的大公司大企業(yè)集團。繼續(xù)推進集體企業(yè)改革,發(fā)展多種形式的集體經(jīng)濟。

      大力發(fā)展和積極引導(dǎo)非公有制經(jīng)濟。各級政府要抓緊清理和修訂限制非公有制經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的法規(guī)和政策,落實放寬市場準入的措施。進一步研究制定鼓勵非公有制企業(yè)參與國有企業(yè)改組改造,進入基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、公用事業(yè)及其他行業(yè)和領(lǐng)域的具體辦法。在投融資、稅收、土地使用和對外貿(mào)易等方面,采取措施保障非公有制企業(yè)與其他企業(yè)享受同等待遇。保護非公有制企業(yè)的合法權(quán)益,改進服務(wù)和監(jiān)管,支持和鼓勵有條件的企業(yè)做強做大。加快推進現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)權(quán)制度建設(shè)。

      推進金融體制改革。要加快國有獨資商業(yè)銀行改革,重點做好中國銀行和中國建設(shè)銀行股份制改造試點工作。其他商業(yè)銀行和政策性銀行也要深化改革。繼續(xù)搞好農(nóng)村信用社改革試點,總結(jié)經(jīng)驗,逐步擴大范圍。推進資本市場改革開放和穩(wěn)定發(fā)展,擴大企業(yè)債券發(fā)行規(guī)模,逐步提高企業(yè)直接融資比重。繼續(xù)推進保險業(yè)改革,大力發(fā)展保險市場。完善銀行、證券、保險監(jiān)管體制,加強相互配合,強化金融監(jiān)管,維護金融穩(wěn)健運行。

      推進財稅體制改革。重點是逐步推行增值稅由生產(chǎn)型改為消費型,將設(shè)備投資納入增值稅抵扣范圍,促進企業(yè)技術(shù)進步,提高自主發(fā)展能力。今年在東北地區(qū)部分行業(yè)先行試點。抓緊制定配套措施,認真落實出口退稅機制改革方案。

      推進投資體制改革。主要目標是:改革政府對企業(yè)投資的管理制度,按照“誰投資、誰決策、誰收益、誰承擔風(fēng)險”的原則,擴大和落實企業(yè)投資自主權(quán);合理界定政府投資職能,加強政府投資管理,建立政府投資責任追究制度;健全投資宏觀調(diào)控體系,改進調(diào)控方式,完善調(diào)控手段。經(jīng)過努力,最終建立起市場引導(dǎo)投資、企業(yè)自主決策、銀行獨立審貸、融資方式多樣、中介服務(wù)規(guī)范、宏觀調(diào)控有效的新型投資體制。

      加快社會信用體系建設(shè)。抓緊建立企業(yè)和個人信用信息征集體系、信用市場監(jiān)督管理體系和失信懲戒制度。加大整頓和規(guī)范市場秩序的力度,重點是繼續(xù)抓好直接關(guān)系人民群眾身體健康和生命安全的食品、藥品等方面的專項整治。嚴厲打擊制售假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品、非法傳銷和商業(yè)欺詐行為。加大知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護力度,依法懲處盜版侵權(quán)行為。嚴厲打擊偷逃騙稅、洗錢和走私等違法犯罪活動。

      (七)適應(yīng)新的形勢,提高對外開放水平

      我們必須統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)發(fā)展與對外開放,充分利用國內(nèi)國外兩個市場、兩種資源,拓展發(fā)展空間,積極主動地做好對外開放各項工作,增強參與國際合作和競爭的能力。

      努力保持對外貿(mào)易適度增長。要繼續(xù)實施市場多元化戰(zhàn)略,堅持科技興貿(mào),以質(zhì)取勝,優(yōu)化出口商品結(jié)構(gòu),促進加工貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型升級。加強對外貿(mào)易協(xié)調(diào),努力打破貿(mào)易壁壘,減少貿(mào)易摩擦,為企業(yè)爭取公平貿(mào)易的環(huán)境。深化涉外經(jīng)濟體制改革,落實各類所有制企業(yè)的進出口經(jīng)營自主權(quán)。增加國內(nèi)短缺原材料、關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和重大設(shè)備的進口,推進重要物資進口來源多元化。要積極合理利用外資,著力提高利用外資質(zhì)量。繼續(xù)實行鼓勵外商投資的政策措施,進一步改善投資環(huán)境。加快實施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略,加強對境外投資的協(xié)調(diào)和指導(dǎo),鼓勵各類所有制企業(yè)采取多種形式到境外投資興業(yè),拓展國際市場。積極開展多邊、雙邊和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟合作。繼續(xù)認真履行加入世貿(mào)組織的各項承諾。

      (八)加大就業(yè)和社會保障工作力度,進一步改善人民生活

      千方百計增加就業(yè)是政府的重要職責。今年的預(yù)期目標是,新增城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)900萬人,下崗失業(yè)人員再就業(yè)500萬人。繼續(xù)實施積極的就業(yè)政策,特別要把財政、信貸支持和稅費減免等政策真正落到實處。今年中央財政預(yù)算安排再就業(yè)補助資金83億元,比去年增加36億元。要拓展就業(yè)渠道,注重發(fā)展勞動密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)、中小企業(yè)和非公有制經(jīng)濟,推行靈活多樣的就業(yè)方式,鼓勵自主創(chuàng)業(yè)和自謀職業(yè)。要健全再就業(yè)援助制度,政府出資開發(fā)的公益性崗位要優(yōu)先安置就業(yè)困難人員。支持國有大中型企業(yè)通過主輔分離、輔業(yè)改制,分流安置富余人員。要重點做好老工業(yè)基地、資源枯竭城市和獨立工礦區(qū)以及軍工、煤炭、森工等行業(yè)下崗失業(yè)人員的再就業(yè)工作。完善就業(yè)服務(wù)體系,加強就業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)、職業(yè)介紹和就業(yè)指導(dǎo)。今年仍是高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)高峰年,退役軍人安置任務(wù)也很重,要認真做好就業(yè)指導(dǎo)和服務(wù)工作。

      建立與我國國情相適應(yīng)、與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平相適應(yīng)的社會保障體系,是一項重要而艱巨的任務(wù)。要繼續(xù)做好“兩個確?!惫ぷ?,搞好“三條保障線”的銜接。穩(wěn)步推進國有企業(yè)下崗職工基本生活保障向失業(yè)保險并軌。堅持社會統(tǒng)籌與個人賬戶相結(jié)合,完善職工基本養(yǎng)老保險制度。依法擴大社會保險覆蓋面,加強對各類參保企業(yè)社會保險費的征繳。各級政府要加強執(zhí)法檢查力度。進一步做好城市“低?!惫ぷ鳎?guī)范“低?!睒藴屎头秶?。繼續(xù)多渠道籌集并管好社會保障基金。在總結(jié)遼寧省完善城鎮(zhèn)社會保障體系試點工作的基礎(chǔ)上,將試點范圍擴大到黑龍江和吉林兩省。今年,中央財政安排用于“兩個確?!焙统鞘小暗捅!钡难a助資金779億元,比去年增長11.3%。地方財政也要增加這方面的投入。

      對城鄉(xiāng)特殊困難群眾,要給予更多的關(guān)愛。繼續(xù)完善社會救助制度。切實幫助特殊困難家庭解決就醫(yī)看病、子女上學(xué)、住房、冬季取暖等實際困難。完善農(nóng)村“五保戶”生活保障制度,確保供養(yǎng)資金。切實做好農(nóng)村受災(zāi)地區(qū)稅收減免和受災(zāi)群眾生產(chǎn)生活救濟等工作。關(guān)心和支持殘疾人事業(yè)。

      抓緊解決城鎮(zhèn)房屋拆遷和農(nóng)村土地征用中存在的問題。在城鎮(zhèn)房屋拆遷中,要嚴格依據(jù)城市總體規(guī)劃和近期建設(shè)規(guī)劃,合理確定拆遷規(guī)模,規(guī)范審批程序,完善補償安置政策,強化監(jiān)督檢查。在農(nóng)村土地征用中,要嚴格控制征地規(guī)模,依法按規(guī)劃和程序征地,及時給予農(nóng)民合理補償,切實保護農(nóng)民合法權(quán)益。

      切實保障農(nóng)民工工資按時足額支付。當前要抓緊解決克扣和拖欠農(nóng)民工工資問題。國務(wù)院決定,用三年時間基本解決建設(shè)領(lǐng)域拖欠工程款和農(nóng)民工工資問題。清欠要從政府投資的工程做起,同時督促各類企業(yè)加快清欠。對拖欠農(nóng)民工工資拒不支付的企業(yè)和經(jīng)營者,要堅決依法查處。要建立健全及時支付農(nóng)民工工資的機制,從源頭上防止新的拖欠。各類企業(yè)都要按時發(fā)放工資,嚴格執(zhí)行最低工資制度。要保證機關(guān)事業(yè)單位工資和離退休費的按時足額發(fā)放,任何地方都不得出現(xiàn)新的拖欠。要嚴格工資專戶管理,財政資金要優(yōu)先保證發(fā)放工資。

      (九)加強民主法制建設(shè),維護國家安全和社會穩(wěn)定

      積極穩(wěn)妥地推進政治體制改革,發(fā)展社會主義民主,健全社會主義法制。進一步擴大基層民主,完善村民自治和城市居民自治,尊重基層和群眾的民主權(quán)利。堅持和完善職工代表大會和其他形式的企事業(yè)單位民主管理制度,保障職工的合法權(quán)益。

      繼續(xù)做好民族、宗教、僑務(wù)工作。全面貫徹黨的民族政策,鞏固和發(fā)展平等、團結(jié)、互助的社會主義民族關(guān)系。加大對民族地區(qū)經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的支持力度,加強少數(shù)民族各類人才培養(yǎng),促進各民族共同繁榮發(fā)展。全面貫徹黨的宗教信仰自由政策,依法管理宗教事務(wù),堅持獨立自主自辦的原則,積極引導(dǎo)宗教與社會主義社會相適應(yīng)。進一步做好海外僑胞和歸僑、僑眷的工作,充分發(fā)揮他們在促進祖國統(tǒng)一和民族振興中的獨特作用。

      加強政府立法工作。要重視社會管理和公共服務(wù)方面的立法。重點做好應(yīng)對各種突發(fā)事件、保障農(nóng)民權(quán)益、勞動就業(yè)和社會保障,以及社會事業(yè)發(fā)展方面的立法。要努力提高政府立法工作質(zhì)量。研究擬定涉及人民群眾切身利益的重要法律草案和制定行政法規(guī),要廣泛征求社會各方面的意見。加強律師、公證等法律服務(wù),做好法律援助工作。依法保障婦女、未成年人和殘疾人的合法權(quán)益。加強普法宣傳教育,在全社會營造學(xué)法、懂法、守法的良好環(huán)境。

      保障人民群眾安居樂業(yè),是政府應(yīng)盡的責任。要進一步落實社會治安綜合治理各項措施,推進社會治安防控體系建設(shè)。嚴厲打擊黑惡勢力犯罪、嚴重暴力犯罪、多發(fā)性侵財犯罪、毒品犯罪等。加大對突出治安問題和治安混亂地區(qū)的整治力度。完善政法經(jīng)費保障機制,為政法機關(guān)正常開展工作提供必要條件。重視和加強反恐怖斗爭。深入開展同邪教組織的斗爭。正確處理新形勢下人民內(nèi)部矛盾,健全預(yù)防、化解各種矛盾和糾紛的機制,重視做好人民群眾來信來訪工作,維護正常社會秩序和社會穩(wěn)定。

      要以對國家和人民高度負責的精神,切實加強安全工作。強化安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管,加強安全專項整治,落實安全防范措施,健全安全責任制。堅決查處各類安全事故,依法追究有關(guān)人員責任,維護法制和紀律的嚴肅性。

      加強國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè),是維護國家安全和全面建設(shè)小康社會的重要保障。要按照“政治合格、軍事過硬、作風(fēng)優(yōu)良、紀律嚴明、保障有力”的總要求,全面加強部隊建設(shè)。積極推進中國特色軍事變革,努力實現(xiàn)國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化的跨越式發(fā)展。實施科技強軍戰(zhàn)略,重點加強高新技術(shù)武器裝備研制,培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)新型軍事人才,推進以信息化為主導(dǎo)、機械化為基礎(chǔ)的軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè),提高高技術(shù)條件下的整體防衛(wèi)作戰(zhàn)能力。堅持依法治軍方針,加強正規(guī)化建設(shè)。堅持國防建設(shè)與經(jīng)濟建設(shè)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,提高國防建設(shè)整體效益。堅持軍民結(jié)合、寓軍于民的方針,積極推進國防科技工業(yè)改革、調(diào)整和發(fā)展,提高自主創(chuàng)新能力。精心做好軍隊體制編制調(diào)整改革工作,確保完成2005年前裁減軍隊員額20萬等各項任務(wù)。加強后勤建設(shè)和改革,提高后勤保障能力。進一步增強人民武裝警察部隊執(zhí)勤和處置突發(fā)事件的能力。要大力加強國防教育,增強全民國防意識。積極支持國防和軍隊建設(shè),搞好預(yù)備役部隊和民兵建設(shè),建立和完善快速高效的國防動員體制。深入開展雙擁共建活動,加強軍政軍民團結(jié)。

      三、加強政府自身建設(shè)

      在全面建設(shè)小康社會的進程中,政府擔負著繁重而艱巨的任務(wù)。各級政府和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部必須適應(yīng)新形勢新任務(wù),不斷提高行政能力和管理水平。一年來,我們按照執(zhí)政為民的要求和建設(shè)法治政府的目標,突出強調(diào)實行科學(xué)民主決策、堅持依法行政和加強行政監(jiān)督三項基本準則,并認真貫徹執(zhí)行。新的一年,我們要著力抓好以下幾個方面:

      第一,推進政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變。各級政府要全面履行職能,在繼續(xù)搞好經(jīng)濟調(diào)節(jié)、加強市場監(jiān)管的同時,更加注重履行社會管理和公共服務(wù)職能。特別要加快建立健全各種突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急機制,提高政府應(yīng)對公共危機的能力。要加快政企分開,進一步把不該由政府管的事交給企業(yè)、社會組織和中介機構(gòu),更大程度地發(fā)揮市場在資源配置中的基礎(chǔ)性作用。同時,加強對中介機構(gòu)的規(guī)范和監(jiān)管。政府該管的事一定要管好,并適應(yīng)新形勢改進管理方式和方法,提高行政效能和工作效率。

      第二,堅持科學(xué)民主決策。要進一步完善公眾參與、專家論證和政府決策相結(jié)合的決策機制,保證決策的科學(xué)性和正確性。加快建立和完善重大問題集體決策制度、專家咨詢制度、社會公示和社會聽證制度、決策責任制度。所有重大決策,都要在深入調(diào)查研究、廣泛聽取意見、進行充分論證的基礎(chǔ)上,由集體討論決定。這要作為政府的一項基本工作制度,長期堅持下去。

      第三,全面推行依法行政。各級政府都要按照法定權(quán)限和程序行使權(quán)力、履行職責。所有政府工作人員都要學(xué)會并善于依法處理經(jīng)濟社會事務(wù)。要改革行政執(zhí)法體制,相對集中行政許可權(quán)和行政處罰權(quán),推進綜合執(zhí)法試點,解決多頭執(zhí)法和亂罰款等問題。要加強行政執(zhí)法監(jiān)督,促進嚴格執(zhí)法、公正執(zhí)法和文明執(zhí)法。實行執(zhí)法責任制和執(zhí)法過錯追究制,完善并嚴格執(zhí)行行政賠償制度,做到有權(quán)必有責、用權(quán)受監(jiān)督、侵權(quán)要賠償。《中華人民共和國行政許可法》今年7月1日將正式施行,這是規(guī)范政府行為的一部重要法律,各級政府必須認真執(zhí)行。

      第四,自覺接受人民監(jiān)督。政府的一切權(quán)力都是人民賦予的,必須對人民負責,為人民謀利益,接受人民監(jiān)督。只有人民監(jiān)督政府,政府才不會懈怠。各級政府要自覺接受同級人民代表大會及其常委會的監(jiān)督,接受人民政協(xié)的民主監(jiān)督,認真聽取民主黨派、工商聯(lián)、無黨派人士和各人民團體的意見。同時,要接受新聞輿論和社會公眾監(jiān)督;重視人民群眾通過行政復(fù)議、行政訴訟等法定渠道,對政府機關(guān)及其工作人員的監(jiān)督;加強政府系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部監(jiān)督,支持監(jiān)察、審計部門依法獨立履行監(jiān)督職責。為便于人民群眾知情和監(jiān)督,要建立政務(wù)信息公開制度,增強政府工作的透明度。

      第五,加強政風(fēng)建設(shè)和公務(wù)員隊伍建設(shè)。弘揚求真務(wù)實精神,樹立科學(xué)發(fā)展觀和正確的政績觀,是加強政風(fēng)建設(shè)的一項重要內(nèi)容。各級政府辦事情、作決策,都要符合中國現(xiàn)階段國情。必須堅持一切從實際出發(fā),按客觀規(guī)律辦事,既要積極進取,又要量力而行,不盲目攀比;必須堅持辦實事,求實效,珍惜民力,不搞勞民傷財?shù)摹靶蜗蠊こ獭?;必須堅持察實情,講真話,不虛報浮夸;必須堅持統(tǒng)籌兼顧,立足當前,著眼長遠,不急功近利;必須堅持改進工作作風(fēng),精簡會議,減少文件,把更多時間和精力用于深入基層,調(diào)查研究。各項工作都要經(jīng)得起實踐、群眾和歷史的檢驗。

      公務(wù)員的素質(zhì)決定著政府的管理水平和效率。要建設(shè)一支政治堅定、業(yè)務(wù)精通、清正廉潔、作風(fēng)優(yōu)良的公務(wù)員隊伍。這支隊伍要堅持解放思想,實事求是,與時俱進;牢固樹立執(zhí)政為民的思想,保持同人民群眾的密切聯(lián)系,全心全意為人民服務(wù);遵守憲法和法律,具有依法行政能力;忠于職守,努力學(xué)習(xí),勤奮工作;遵守紀律和職業(yè)道德,誠信廉明,公道正派,甘于奉獻。各級政府都要從嚴治政,賞罰分明。要重視和加強公務(wù)員的培訓(xùn)和考核工作。

      加強廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭。要建立教育、制度、監(jiān)督并重的預(yù)防和懲治腐敗體系。堅決查處違紀違法案件,堅決懲處腐敗分子,堅決糾正損害人民群眾利益的不正之風(fēng)。全體政府工作人員特別是各級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部,都要繼續(xù)保持謙虛謹慎、不驕不躁的作風(fēng),繼續(xù)保持艱苦奮斗的作風(fēng)。

      各位代表!

      維護香港、澳門長期穩(wěn)定和繁榮發(fā)展,是我們堅定不移的目標。我們堅持“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針,嚴格按照香港基本法和澳門基本法辦事,全力支持香港、澳門兩個特別行政區(qū)行政長官和政府依法施政。廣泛團結(jié)港澳地區(qū)各界人士。切實做好內(nèi)地與香港、澳門建立更緊密經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系安排的工作。我們對香港、澳門的前景充滿信心。

      我們堅持“和平統(tǒng)一、一國兩制”的基本方針和現(xiàn)階段發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系、推進祖國和平統(tǒng)一進程的八項主張。我們將積極推進兩岸人員往來和經(jīng)濟、文化交流,促進直接“三通”,依法保護臺灣同胞在大陸的正當權(quán)益,繼續(xù)推動在一個中國原則基礎(chǔ)上恢復(fù)兩岸對話和談判。我們將以最大的誠意、盡最大的努力,實現(xiàn)祖國的和平統(tǒng)一。堅決反對任何形式的“臺獨”分裂活動,絕不允許任何人以任何方式把臺灣從中國分割出去。我們堅信,在包括臺灣同胞在內(nèi)的全體中華兒女的不懈努力下,祖國完全統(tǒng)一的共同愿望,一定能夠早日實現(xiàn)!

      各位代表!

      當前,國際形勢繼續(xù)發(fā)生復(fù)雜、深刻的變化。和平與發(fā)展仍然是當今時代的主題。世界多極化、經(jīng)濟全球化在曲折中發(fā)展,謀求和平與發(fā)展、促進合作與進步已成為不可阻擋的歷史潮流。但是,單邊主義傾向有新的發(fā)展,局部沖突不斷,國際恐怖主義活動頻繁,南北差距拉大,傳統(tǒng)和非傳統(tǒng)安全問題交織,給各國人民帶來嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。

      過去的一年,我們堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策,把握機遇,應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn),主動進取,對外工作成績顯著。我國在國際上贏得了更多的理解、信任、尊重和支持,國際地位和影響力進一步提高。

      在新的一年,我們要繼續(xù)高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作的旗幟,堅定不移地奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策,堅持和平共處五項原則,推進與各國的友好交往與合作,努力爭取更好的國際環(huán)境和周邊環(huán)境。

      我們要堅持促進世界多極化,倡導(dǎo)國際關(guān)系民主化和發(fā)展模式多樣化,促進經(jīng)濟全球化朝著有利于各國共同繁榮的方向發(fā)展。要堅持互信、互利、平等、協(xié)作的新安全觀,反對霸權(quán)主義和強權(quán)政治,反對一切形式的恐怖主義,繼續(xù)推動建立公正合理的國際政治經(jīng)濟新秩序。

      我們要深化同發(fā)展中國家的友好合作,探索合作的新渠道、新形式,支持廣大發(fā)展中國家聯(lián)合自強。

      我們要堅持與鄰為善、以鄰為伴的方針,與周邊各國深化睦鄰友好合作,維護地區(qū)和平與穩(wěn)定。

      我們要不斷加強同發(fā)達國家的關(guān)系,努力尋求和擴大共同利益的匯合點,通過平等對話與磋商,逐步解決存在的分歧,促進相互關(guān)系的穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。

      我們要積極拓展多邊外交,在聯(lián)合國和其他國際及區(qū)域組織中發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用。

      中國政府和中國人民將始終站在人類正義事業(yè)的一邊,同各國人民一道,為維護世界和平、促進共同發(fā)展不懈奮斗。

      各位代表!

      新的一年,政府工作任務(wù)相當繁重,我們深感肩負的責任重大而光榮。全國人民對政府的信任和支持,給了我們無窮的力量和必勝的信心。我們堅信,在以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,高舉鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想偉大旗幟,緊緊依靠全國各族人民,一定能夠克服各種艱難險阻,不斷把改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)推向前進!(中國政府網(wǎng))

      第五篇:2007年政府工作報告——溫家寶

      各位代表:

      現(xiàn)在,我代表國務(wù)院,向大會作政府工作報告,請予審議,并請全國政協(xié)各位委員提出意見。

      一、2006年工作回顧

      2006年,是我國實施“十一五”規(guī)劃并實現(xiàn)良好開局的一年,國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展取得重大成就。

      ——經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)快速增長。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值20.94萬億元,比上年增長10.7%;居民消費價格總水平上漲1.5%。經(jīng)濟增長連續(xù)四年達到或略高于10%,沒有出現(xiàn)明顯通貨膨脹。

      ——經(jīng)濟效益穩(wěn)步提高。全國財政收入3.93萬億元,比上年增加7694億元;規(guī)模以上工業(yè)企業(yè)實現(xiàn)利潤增長31%,增加4442億元。

      ——改革開放進一步深化。重點領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革取得新進展。進出口貿(mào)易總額1.76萬億美元,比上年增長23.8%;實際利用外商直接投資695億美元。

      ——社會事業(yè)加快發(fā)展。科技創(chuàng)新取得重大成果,教育事業(yè)繼續(xù)發(fā)展,公共衛(wèi)生體系建設(shè)得到加強,文化、體育事業(yè)進一步繁榮。

      ——人民生活有較大改善。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1184萬人。城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入11759元,農(nóng)村居民人均純收入3587元,扣除價格因素,分別比上年實際增長10.4%和7.4%。

      這些成就,標志著我國綜合國力進一步增強,我們朝著全面建設(shè)小康社會目標又邁出堅實的一步。

      一年來的主要工作是:

      (一)加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控。針對經(jīng)濟運行中投資增長過快、貨幣信貸投放過多、外貿(mào)順差過大等突出問題,中央及時采取了一系列宏觀調(diào)控措施。加強土地調(diào)控,從緊控制新增建設(shè)用地,嚴肅查處違法違規(guī)用地行為;加強貨幣信貸管理,兩次上調(diào)人民幣貸款基準利率,三次上調(diào)金融機構(gòu)存款準備金率;加強財政、稅收對經(jīng)濟運行的調(diào)節(jié);加強新上項目市場準入審核和監(jiān)督檢查;加強房地產(chǎn)市場調(diào)控和監(jiān)管,著力調(diào)整住房供給結(jié)構(gòu)。宏觀調(diào)控措施逐步見效,固定資產(chǎn)投資增幅回落,銀行信貸投放增速放緩,防止了經(jīng)濟增長由偏快轉(zhuǎn)為過熱,避免了經(jīng)濟大起大落。

      (二)加大“三農(nóng)”工作力度。穩(wěn)步推進社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。全年中央財政用于“三農(nóng)”支出3397億元,比上年增加422億元。在全國范圍內(nèi)取消了農(nóng)業(yè)稅和農(nóng)業(yè)特產(chǎn)稅,終結(jié)了延續(xù)2600多年農(nóng)民種田交稅的歷史。繼續(xù)增加對種糧農(nóng)民直接補貼、良種補貼和農(nóng)機具購置補貼,實施農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)資料綜合補貼政策,繼續(xù)對重點地區(qū)的重點糧食品種實行最低收購價政策,增加對財政困難縣鄉(xiāng)和產(chǎn)糧大縣的轉(zhuǎn)移支付。在自然災(zāi)害較重的情況下,主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量穩(wěn)步增加。全年糧食產(chǎn)量達到49746萬噸,實現(xiàn)了連續(xù)三年增產(chǎn)。農(nóng)村道路、水利、電力、通信等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)得到加強,又有2897萬農(nóng)村人口解決了安全飲水問題,新增450萬農(nóng)村沼氣用戶,農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)生活條件繼續(xù)改善。農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)工作取得新進展,農(nóng)村貧困人口減少217萬人。制定并實施解決農(nóng)民工問題的政策措施,從解決工資偏低和拖欠、依法規(guī)范勞動管理、加強就業(yè)培訓(xùn)和社會保障等方面,維護了農(nóng)民工的合法權(quán)益。

      (三)加快經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。制定了加快振興裝備制造業(yè)的政策措施,推進關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域重大技術(shù)裝備自主制造。開展百萬千瓦級核電機組、超超臨界火電機組、新型船舶等設(shè)備自主化工作,啟動高檔數(shù)控機床和重要基礎(chǔ)制造裝備等重大專項。制定并實施鋼鐵、煤炭、水泥等11個行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的政策措施,部分產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)投資增幅明顯回落,新開工項目計劃總投資大幅下降,煤炭、電解鋁分別淘汰落后生產(chǎn)能力1.1億噸和120萬噸。一批關(guān)系國民經(jīng)濟全局的重大工程建成投產(chǎn)或開工建設(shè)。青藏鐵路全線通車,三峽左岸電站機組全部建成發(fā)電,金沙江向家壩水電站開工建設(shè)。這些對增強經(jīng)濟發(fā)展后勁將發(fā)揮重要作用。

      更加重視節(jié)能環(huán)保工作。完善節(jié)能降耗、污染減排政策,普遍建立節(jié)能減排目標責任制。積極推進重點行業(yè)、重點企業(yè)和重點工程的節(jié)能工作,開展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟試點,加強三峽庫區(qū)、松花江、南水北調(diào)水源及沿線、渤海等重點流域和區(qū)域水污染防治工作,實施燃煤電廠脫硫、城市污水處理、垃圾無害化處理等環(huán)保重點工程。連續(xù)四年在全國開展整治違法排污企業(yè)、保障群眾健康環(huán)保專項行動。扎實推進生態(tài)保護和建設(shè)。整頓規(guī)范礦產(chǎn)資源開發(fā)秩序取得階段性成果。地質(zhì)勘查工作得到加強。繼續(xù)實施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略。西部大開發(fā)扎實推進,振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地工作順利展開,促進中部地區(qū)崛起的政策開始實施,東部地區(qū)率先發(fā)展取得新成績。

      (四)積極推進改革開放。全面部署農(nóng)村綜合改革。集體林權(quán)制度改革穩(wěn)步進行。國有經(jīng)濟布局調(diào)整、國有企業(yè)股份制改革和國有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管取得新進展。郵政體制實現(xiàn)政企分開,電力體制改革繼續(xù)推進。國有商業(yè)銀行股份制改革邁出新的重要步伐,中國銀行、中國工商銀行在境內(nèi)外成功上市,農(nóng)村信用社改革取得階段性成果;上市公司股權(quán)分置改革基本完成,證券市場基礎(chǔ)性制度建設(shè)得到加強;保險業(yè)改革深入推進;外匯管理體制改革逐步深化。財政稅收制度繼續(xù)完善。公務(wù)員工資制度改革和規(guī)范收入分配秩序順利進行。整頓和規(guī)范市場秩序工作深入開展。

      調(diào)整對外貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)。完善出口退稅、關(guān)稅和加工貿(mào)易政策,控制高耗能、高污染產(chǎn)品出口;積極增加進口。優(yōu)化利用外資結(jié)構(gòu),擴大銀行、分銷、電信等服務(wù)業(yè)對外開放。深化和擴大與各國的經(jīng)貿(mào)往來。支持企業(yè)對外投資合作。全面履行加入世界貿(mào)易組織承諾,完善涉外經(jīng)濟體制和法規(guī)政策。

      (五)大力發(fā)展社會事業(yè)。增加社會事業(yè)的投入。全年中央財政用于科技、教育、衛(wèi)生和文化事業(yè)的支出分別為774億元、536億元、138億元和123億元,比上年增長29.2%、39.4%、65.4%和23.9%。

      推進科技創(chuàng)新。歷時兩年研究制定的國家中長期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要頒布實施,并制定了相關(guān)專項規(guī)劃和配套政策措施。大型油氣田和煤層氣開發(fā)、新一代寬帶無線移動通信網(wǎng)、大型飛機設(shè)計與制造、載人航天與探月工程等16個重大專項陸續(xù)啟動。高性能計算機、超級優(yōu)質(zhì)雜交水稻、第三代移動通信、數(shù)字電視等一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)取得突破,自主創(chuàng)新能力增強。

      優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育事業(yè)。全國財政安排農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育經(jīng)費1840億元,全部免除了西部地區(qū)和部分中部地區(qū)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育階段5200萬名學(xué)生的學(xué)雜費,為3730萬名貧困家庭學(xué)生免費提供教科書,對780萬名寄宿學(xué)生補助了生活費。410個“兩基”(基本普及九年義務(wù)教育和基本掃除青壯年文盲)攻堅縣已有317個縣實現(xiàn)目標,西部地區(qū)“兩基”人口覆蓋率由2003年的77%提高到96%。中央財政連續(xù)三年累計投入90億元,用于農(nóng)村寄宿制學(xué)校建設(shè)工程,7651所學(xué)校受益。農(nóng)村中小學(xué)現(xiàn)代遠程教育工程已投入80億元,覆蓋中西部地區(qū)80%以上的農(nóng)村中小學(xué),1億多中小學(xué)生得以共享優(yōu)質(zhì)教育資源。中等職業(yè)學(xué)校招生規(guī)模擴大到741萬人,在校學(xué)生總數(shù)1809萬人。高等教育在學(xué)人數(shù)2500萬人,毛入學(xué)率提高到22%。

      加強醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生工作。覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)、功能比較完善的疾病預(yù)防控制體系和突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件醫(yī)療救治體系,已經(jīng)基本建成。啟動了農(nóng)村衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系建設(shè),中央財政安排27億元國債資金用于縣、鄉(xiāng)、村三級醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療試點范圍擴大到1451個縣(市、區(qū)),占全國總數(shù)的50.7%,有4.1億農(nóng)民參加;中央財政支出42.7億元,地方財政也相應(yīng)增加支出,較大幅度提高參加合作醫(yī)療農(nóng)民的補助標準。以社區(qū)為基礎(chǔ)的城市醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系建設(shè)加快推進。城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療救助工作有所加強。中央財政安排51億元,用于支持地方加強公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù),艾滋病等重大疾病防控取得明顯進展。

      積極發(fā)展文化、體育事業(yè)。新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)、哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)進一步繁榮。文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施尤其是農(nóng)村基層文化設(shè)施建設(shè)得到加強,廣播電視村村通工程由行政村向自然村延伸,社區(qū)和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)綜合文化站工程、全國文化信息資源共享工程建設(shè)繼續(xù)推進。文化體制改革進一步深化,文化產(chǎn)業(yè)加快發(fā)展,對外文化交流更加活躍。全民體育活動廣泛開展,競技體育水平不斷提高。社會主義精神文明建設(shè)繼續(xù)加強。

      (六)努力做好就業(yè)和社會保障工作。進一步完善和落實就業(yè)再就業(yè)扶持政策,中央財政安排就業(yè)再就業(yè)資金234億元。多渠道開發(fā)就業(yè)崗位,加強職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)工作,開展對“零就業(yè)家庭”和就業(yè)困難人員的幫扶,505萬下崗失業(yè)人員實現(xiàn)再就業(yè)。2004年我們提出用三年時間基本解決建設(shè)領(lǐng)域歷史上拖欠工程款和農(nóng)民工工資的問題,這項工作基本完成,各地已償還拖欠工程款1834億元,占歷史拖欠的98.6%,其中清付農(nóng)民工工資330億元。

      加強社會保障體系建設(shè)。在東北三省試點的基礎(chǔ)上,企業(yè)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險做實個人賬戶試點范圍又擴大了8個省份。經(jīng)過多年努力,國有企業(yè)下崗職工基本生活保障向失業(yè)保險并軌基本完成。提高了企業(yè)離退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金標準。社會保險覆蓋面繼續(xù)擴大,社會保險基金收入不斷增加,社?;鹗褂玫谋O(jiān)督管理得到加強。城鄉(xiāng)社會救助體系框架基本建立,慈善事業(yè)不斷發(fā)展。中央財政用于城市低保的補助資金136億元,比上年增加24億元,各地不同程度提高了城市低保補助水平。已有25個省(自治區(qū)、直轄市)、2133個縣(市、區(qū))初步建立了農(nóng)村最低生活保障制度,1509萬農(nóng)民享受了農(nóng)村最低生活保障?;緦崿F(xiàn)了農(nóng)村“五?!睆霓r(nóng)民集體互助共濟向財政供養(yǎng)為主的轉(zhuǎn)變。加強了孤兒救助和流浪未成年人保護工作。大幅度提高各類優(yōu)撫對象的撫恤補助標準,全年中央財政撫恤事業(yè)費支出112億元,比上年增長47%。完善大中型水庫征地補償和移民后期扶持政策,扶持對象達2288萬人,這個長期遺留的問題正在逐步解決。

      去年,我國部分地區(qū)遭受了歷史上罕見的超強臺風(fēng)和特大干旱等嚴重自然災(zāi)害。我們及時部署加強抗災(zāi)救災(zāi)和災(zāi)后重建工作。全年中央財政下?lián)芸篂?zāi)救災(zāi)資金112億元,提高了部分救災(zāi)補助標準,受災(zāi)群眾生產(chǎn)生活得到妥善安置。

      (七)繼續(xù)加強民主法制建設(shè)?;鶎用裰髡谓ㄔO(shè)不斷推進。政府立法工作進一步加強。國務(wù)院向全國人大常委會提請審議企業(yè)所得稅法草案、反壟斷法草案、突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對法草案和義務(wù)教育法修訂草案等7件法律議案,頒布了艾滋病防治條例、外資銀行管理條例等29個行政法規(guī)。加快建設(shè)法治政府,認真貫徹行政許可法、公務(wù)員法和全面推進依法行政實施綱要。監(jiān)察、審計監(jiān)督工作力度加大。司法行政體制和工作機制改革穩(wěn)步推進。信訪工作得到加強。社會治安防控體系不斷完善,平安創(chuàng)建活動廣泛開展。集中整治治安混亂地區(qū)和突出治安問題取得明顯成效。廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭深入推進,開展治理商業(yè)賄賂專項工作,嚴肅查處了一批涉及政府機關(guān)及其工作人員的大案要案,依法懲處了一批腐敗分子。

      民族、宗教、港澳、對臺和僑務(wù)工作進一步加強。國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新進展。外交工作成績顯著。

      總結(jié)我們的實踐經(jīng)驗,歸結(jié)起來就是,只有解放思想、實事求是,與時俱進、開拓創(chuàng)新,堅定不移地走中國特色社會主義道路,堅持改革開放,堅持科學(xué)發(fā)展、和諧發(fā)展、和平發(fā)展,才能最終實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化的宏偉目標。

      我們?nèi)〉玫某删?,是以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央統(tǒng)攬全局、正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果,是全國廣大干部群眾齊心協(xié)力、頑強拼搏的結(jié)果。我代表國務(wù)院,向全國各族人民,向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士,表示誠摯的感謝!向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞和臺灣同胞以及廣大僑胞,表示誠摯的感謝!向一切關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國朋友,表示誠摯的感謝!我們也清醒地看到,我國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中仍然存在不少矛盾和問題,政府工作還有一些缺點和不足。

      一是經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)矛盾突出。一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)比例不合理,城鄉(xiāng)之間、地區(qū)之間發(fā)展不平衡,投資消費關(guān)系不協(xié)調(diào)。農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)薄弱狀況沒有改變,糧食穩(wěn)定增產(chǎn)和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收難度加大。固定資產(chǎn)投資總規(guī)模依然偏大,銀行資金流動性過剩問題突出,引發(fā)投資增長過快、信貸投放過多的因素仍然存在。外貿(mào)順差較大,國際收支不平衡矛盾加劇。

      二是經(jīng)濟增長方式粗放。突出表現(xiàn)在能源消耗高、環(huán)境污染重?!笆晃濉币?guī)劃提出了節(jié)能降耗和污染減排目標,并作為約束性指標。這對于推動經(jīng)濟增長方式轉(zhuǎn)變、加強節(jié)能環(huán)保工作具有十分重要的意義。一年來,各地區(qū)各部門做了大量工作,取得了積極進展。2006年,單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗由前三年分別上升4.9%、5.5%、0.2%,轉(zhuǎn)為下降1.2%;主要污染物排放總量增幅減緩,化學(xué)需氧量、二氧化硫排放量由上年分別增長5.6%和13.1%,減為增長1.2%和1.8%。但是,全國沒有實現(xiàn)年初確定的單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗降低4%左右、主要污染物排放總量減少2%的目標。主要原因是:產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整進展緩慢,重工業(yè)特別是高耗能、高污染行業(yè)增長仍然偏快,不少應(yīng)該淘汰的落后生產(chǎn)能力還沒有退出市場,一些地方和企業(yè)沒有嚴格執(zhí)行節(jié)能環(huán)保法規(guī)和標準,有關(guān)政策措施取得明顯成效需要一個過程?!笆晃濉币?guī)劃提出這兩個約束性指標是一件十分嚴肅的事情,不能改變,必須堅定不移地去實現(xiàn),國務(wù)院以后每年都要向全國人大報告節(jié)能減排的進展情況,并在“十一五”期末報告五年這兩個指標的總體完成情況。

      三是一些涉及群眾利益的突出問題解決得不夠好。食品藥品安全、醫(yī)療服務(wù)、教育收費、居民住房、收入分配、社會治安、安全生產(chǎn)等方面還存在群眾不滿意的問題,土地征收征用、房屋拆遷、企業(yè)改制、環(huán)境保護等方面損害群眾利益的問題仍未能根本解決。不少低收入群眾生活比較困難。

      四是政府自身建設(shè)存在一些問題。政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變滯后,政企不分依然存在,有些部門職責不清,辦事效率低;公務(wù)消費不規(guī)范,奢侈浪費,行政成本高;一些地方、部門和少數(shù)工作人員還存在官僚主義、形式主義,脫離群眾,失職瀆職,甚至濫用權(quán)力,貪污腐敗。存在這些問題,根本在于制度不健全、監(jiān)管不到位。我們必須以對國家和人民高度負責的精神,采取更加有力的措施,切實解決這些問題,決不辜負人民的期望。

      二、2007年工作總體部署

      今年是本屆政府任期的最后一年,我們要以更加昂揚的精神狀態(tài),恪盡職守,積極進取,毫不懈怠,努力把各項工作做得更好,向人民交出滿意的答卷。

      政府工作的基本思路和任務(wù)是:以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo),全面落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀,加快構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會,認真貫徹黨的十六大以來各項方針政策,加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控,著力調(diào)整經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)和轉(zhuǎn)變增長方式,著力加強資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境保護,著力推進改革開放和自主創(chuàng)新,著力促進社會發(fā)展和解決民生問題,全面推進社會主義經(jīng)濟建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè),為黨的十七大召開創(chuàng)造良好的環(huán)境和條件。

      綜合考慮各種因素,今年國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的主要目標是:在優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)、提高效益和降低消耗、保護環(huán)境的基礎(chǔ)上,國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長8%左右;城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)人數(shù)不低于900萬人,城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率控制在4.6%以內(nèi);物價總水平基本穩(wěn)定,居民消費價格總水平漲幅在3%以內(nèi);國際收支不平衡狀況得到改善。

      這里要著重說明,在社會主義市場經(jīng)濟條件下,政府提出國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長速度的目標,是一個預(yù)期性、指導(dǎo)性指標,是提出財政預(yù)算、就業(yè)、物價等宏觀經(jīng)濟指標的重要依據(jù)。由于國內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟環(huán)境和市場變化等影響,最終實現(xiàn)的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長速度與預(yù)期目標可能會有一定差距。提出今年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長8%左右的目標,綜合考慮了需要和可能等多種因素,更重要的是要引導(dǎo)各方面認真落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀,把工作重點放到優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)、提高效益、節(jié)能降耗和污染減排上來,防止片面追求和盲目攀比增長速度,實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟又好又快發(fā)展。

      實現(xiàn)今年經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的目標和任務(wù),必須把握好以下政策原則:一是穩(wěn)定、完善和落實政策。穩(wěn)定,就是保持宏觀經(jīng)濟政策的連續(xù)性和穩(wěn)定性,繼續(xù)實施穩(wěn)健的財政政策和貨幣政策。完善,就是根據(jù)經(jīng)濟運行新情況及時完善政策措施,有針對性地解決突出矛盾和問題。落實,就是認真落實中央的各項政策措施,增強執(zhí)行力,真正把各項決策部署落到實處。二是加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控。重點是控制固定資產(chǎn)投資和信貸規(guī)模,在優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)中促進經(jīng)濟總量平衡。堅持有保有壓,不搞一刀切。更多地運用經(jīng)濟杠桿、法律手段引導(dǎo)和規(guī)范經(jīng)濟行為。正確處理中央和地方的關(guān)系,充分發(fā)揮兩個積極性。三是大力提高經(jīng)濟增長質(zhì)量和效益。把節(jié)約能源資源、保護環(huán)境、集約用地放在更加突出的位置,注重提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量,增強經(jīng)濟競爭力和可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力。四是更加重視社會發(fā)展和改善民生。堅持以人為本,促進社會事業(yè)加快發(fā)展,積極解決人民群眾最關(guān)心、最直接、最現(xiàn)實的利益問題,維護社會公平正義,讓全體人民共享改革發(fā)展成果。五是以改革開放為動力推進各項工作。堅持社會主義市場經(jīng)濟改革方向,適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展要求,推進經(jīng)濟體制、政治體制、文化體制、社會體制改革,加快構(gòu)筑落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀和建設(shè)和諧社會的體制保障。全面提高對外開放水平。

      三、促進經(jīng)濟又好又快發(fā)展

      通觀全局,今年經(jīng)濟發(fā)展要著重抓好以下幾個方面:

      (一)堅持加強和改善宏觀調(diào)控

      繼續(xù)實行穩(wěn)健的財政政策。一是適當減少財政赤字和長期建設(shè)國債規(guī)模。今年中央財政赤字擬安排2450億元,比去年預(yù)算赤字減少500億元;擬安排長期建設(shè)國債500億元,比去年減少100億元;擬安排中央預(yù)算內(nèi)經(jīng)常性建設(shè)投資804億元,比去年預(yù)算增加250億元;中央政府建設(shè)投資總規(guī)模為1304億元。二是政府預(yù)算支出和政府投資要優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)、突出重點。政府投資使用要確?!叭齻€高于”,即:用于直接改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件的投入高于上年,用于基礎(chǔ)教育和公共衛(wèi)生等社會事業(yè)的投入高于上年,用于西部大開發(fā)的投入高于上年。同時,加大對節(jié)能環(huán)保和自主創(chuàng)新的支持。三是合理安排中央財政超收收入。近幾年,由于實際經(jīng)濟增長高于預(yù)期目標,加上一些政策性增收因素,中央財政超收較多。從2003年到2006年年均超收2040億元,其中去年超收2573億元。超收收入主要用于解決出口退稅和退耕還林等歷史欠賬,依法增加對地方稅收返還和一般轉(zhuǎn)移支付,增加教育、科技等法定支出,增加社會保障基金、企業(yè)政策性破產(chǎn)、居民最低生活保障等支出。今年擬從去年超收收入中安排500億元設(shè)立中央預(yù)算穩(wěn)定調(diào)節(jié)基金。這樣做,有利于更加科學(xué)合理地編制預(yù)算,有利于保持中央預(yù)算的穩(wěn)定性和財政政策的連續(xù)性。這個基金的使用納入預(yù)算管理,接受全國人大監(jiān)督。要加強財政管理,狠抓增收節(jié)支,厲行勤儉節(jié)約,反對鋪張浪費,提高財政資金使用效益。大力推進依法治稅,強化稅收征管,規(guī)范政府非稅收入管理。繼續(xù)實行穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策。綜合運用多種貨幣政策工具,合理調(diào)控貨幣信貸總量,有效緩解銀行資金流動性過剩問題。調(diào)整和優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu),引導(dǎo)銀行加大對“三農(nóng)”、中小企業(yè)、節(jié)能環(huán)保和自主創(chuàng)新的信貸支持;繼續(xù)控制中長期貸款,嚴格限制對高耗能、高污染企業(yè)和產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)的落后企業(yè)貸款。穩(wěn)步推進利率市場化改革。進一步完善人民幣匯率形成機制。加強和改進外匯管理,積極探索和拓展國家外匯儲備合理使用的渠道和方式。從多方面采取措施,逐步改善國際收支不平衡狀況。

      調(diào)整投資和消費的關(guān)系。堅持擴大內(nèi)需方針,重點擴大消費需求。深化收入分配制度改革,既可以緩解收入差距擴大的矛盾,又可以有效增加消費需求。要采取多種措施,努力增加城鄉(xiāng)居民收入特別是中低收入者的收入。合理調(diào)整和嚴格執(zhí)行最低工資制度,落實小時最低工資標準,加強企業(yè)工資分配調(diào)控和指導(dǎo),建立健全工資正常增長機制和支付機制。今年各地要對最低工資制度和小時最低工資標準的執(zhí)行情況,普遍進行一次檢查。繼續(xù)落實公務(wù)員工資制度改革、規(guī)范公務(wù)員收入分配秩序及調(diào)整相關(guān)人員待遇的政策措施。特別要擴大農(nóng)村消費需求,認真落實促進農(nóng)民增收減負的政策措施,加強農(nóng)村商貿(mào)流通和市場體系建設(shè),改善農(nóng)村消費環(huán)境和條件。完善消費政策,積極培育旅游、文化、休閑、健身等消費熱點,擴大居民消費。

      保持固定資產(chǎn)投資適度增長,著力優(yōu)化投資結(jié)構(gòu),提高投資效益。繼續(xù)嚴把土地、信貸閘門,根據(jù)不同行業(yè)情況,適當提高并嚴格執(zhí)行建設(shè)項目用地、環(huán)保、節(jié)能、技術(shù)、安全等市場準入標準。嚴格控制新上項目,特別要控制城市建設(shè)規(guī)模。加強關(guān)系經(jīng)濟社會全局和長遠發(fā)展的重大項目建設(shè),加快大型水利、能源基地、鐵路干線、國道主干線等重要基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。積極引導(dǎo)社會資金更多地投向農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村、社會事業(yè)、自主創(chuàng)新、資源節(jié)約、環(huán)境保護和中西部地區(qū)。要深化投資體制改革,完善重大投資項目決策制度和責任追究制度。

      房地產(chǎn)業(yè)對發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、改善人民群眾住房條件有著重大作用,必須促進房地產(chǎn)業(yè)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。一是從我國人多地少的國情和現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平出發(fā),合理規(guī)劃、科學(xué)建設(shè)、適度消費,發(fā)展節(jié)能省地環(huán)保型建筑,形成具有中國特點的住房建設(shè)和消費模式。二是房地產(chǎn)業(yè)應(yīng)重點發(fā)展面向廣大群眾的普通商品住房。政府要特別關(guān)心和幫助解決低收入家庭住房問題。加大財稅等政策支持,建立健全廉租房制度。改進和規(guī)范經(jīng)濟適用房制度。三是正確運用政府調(diào)控和市場機制兩個手段,保持房地產(chǎn)投資合理規(guī)模,優(yōu)化商品房供應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu),加強房價監(jiān)管和調(diào)控,抑制房地產(chǎn)價格過快上漲,保持合理的價格水平。四是深入整頓和規(guī)范房地產(chǎn)市場秩序,強化房地產(chǎn)市場監(jiān)管,依法懲治房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)、交易、中介等環(huán)節(jié)的違法違規(guī)行為。地方各級政府要對房地產(chǎn)市場的調(diào)控和監(jiān)管切實負起責任。

      (二)發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)和推進社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)

      農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村和農(nóng)民問題,是關(guān)系全面建設(shè)小康社會和現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)全局的重大問題。今年的“三農(nóng)”工作,要以加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)為重點,扎實推進社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。一是穩(wěn)定發(fā)展糧食生產(chǎn)。要保護好基本農(nóng)田,穩(wěn)定糧食播種面積,優(yōu)化糧食品種結(jié)構(gòu),著力提高糧食單產(chǎn)。加強對糧食生產(chǎn)、消費、庫存及進出口的監(jiān)測和調(diào)控,建立和完善糧食安全預(yù)警系統(tǒng),維護糧食市場穩(wěn)定。二是切實提高農(nóng)業(yè)綜合生產(chǎn)能力。加快農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)施建設(shè),改善農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)裝備,加強農(nóng)業(yè)科研和技術(shù)推廣,健全社會化服務(wù)體系,增強農(nóng)業(yè)防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力。加強動物疫病防治體系建設(shè)。三是大力加強農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。加快農(nóng)村水利、道路、電網(wǎng)、通信、安全飲水、沼氣等設(shè)施建設(shè)。集中力量用兩到三年時間基本完成全國大中型和重點小型病險水庫改造。加快安全飲水設(shè)施建設(shè),今年再解決3200萬人的安全飲水問題。四是多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入。努力增加種養(yǎng)業(yè)、林業(yè)收入,積極發(fā)展農(nóng)村二三產(chǎn)業(yè),特別是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè),大力推進農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營,支持龍頭企業(yè)發(fā)展,壯大縣域經(jīng)濟,拓寬農(nóng)民就業(yè)增收渠道。認真落實解決農(nóng)民工問題的各項政策措施。加大扶貧開發(fā)力度,進一步減少農(nóng)村貧困人口。五是著力推進農(nóng)村實用人才隊伍建設(shè)和農(nóng)村人力資源開發(fā)。加強農(nóng)村勞動力培訓(xùn),提高農(nóng)民科學(xué)種養(yǎng)技術(shù)水平和轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)能力,培養(yǎng)造就新型農(nóng)民。

      發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè),推進新農(nóng)村建設(shè),要靠政策、靠投入、靠科技、靠改革。一要鞏固、完善和加強支農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策。增加對種糧農(nóng)民的直接補貼、良種補貼、農(nóng)機具購置補貼和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)資料綜合補貼。繼續(xù)實行糧食最低收購價政策。進一步加大對財政困難縣鄉(xiāng)和產(chǎn)糧大縣的支持力度。二要加大對農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村投入力度。切實把國家基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和社會事業(yè)發(fā)展的重點轉(zhuǎn)向農(nóng)村,今年財政支農(nóng)投入的增量要繼續(xù)高于上年,國家固定資產(chǎn)投資用于農(nóng)村的增量要繼續(xù)高于上年,土地出讓收入用于農(nóng)村建設(shè)的增量要繼續(xù)高于上年。中央財政安排用于“三農(nóng)”的資金3917億元,比去年增加520億元。積極發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)保險,擴大農(nóng)業(yè)政策性保險試點范圍。三要加快農(nóng)業(yè)科技進步。加強農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新能力建設(shè),支持農(nóng)業(yè)科技項目,加快農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化,完善基層農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣和服務(wù)體系,鼓勵農(nóng)業(yè)科技進村入戶。四要全面推進農(nóng)村綜合改革。加快鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機構(gòu)改革、農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育改革和縣鄉(xiāng)財政管理體制改革,逐步建立精干高效的農(nóng)村行政管理體制、政府保障的農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育體制、覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的公共財政制度。同時,推進征地制度、集體林權(quán)制度改革,積極發(fā)展農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作組織,繼續(xù)清理和化解鄉(xiāng)村債務(wù)。

      推進社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè),必須把重點放在發(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟、增加農(nóng)民收入上。堅持穩(wěn)定和完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度,堅持因地制宜、從實際出發(fā),堅持尊重農(nóng)民意愿、維護農(nóng)民權(quán)益,反對形式主義和強迫命令。

      (三)大力抓好節(jié)能降耗、保護環(huán)境和節(jié)約集約用地

      今年要把節(jié)能降耗、保護環(huán)境和節(jié)約集約用地作為轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟增長方式的突破口和重要抓手。在節(jié)能環(huán)保方面,重點做好以下工作:一是完善并嚴格執(zhí)行能耗和環(huán)保標準。新上項目必須進行能源消耗審核和環(huán)境影響評價,不符合節(jié)能環(huán)保標準的不準開工建設(shè),現(xiàn)有企業(yè)經(jīng)整改仍達不到標準的必須依法停產(chǎn)關(guān)閉。二是堅決淘汰落后生產(chǎn)能力?!笆晃濉逼陂g,關(guān)停5000萬千瓦小火電機組,今年要關(guān)停1000萬千瓦;五年淘汰落后煉鐵產(chǎn)能1億噸、落后煉鋼產(chǎn)能5500萬噸,今年力爭分別淘汰3000萬噸和3500萬噸。加大淘汰水泥、電解鋁、鐵合金、焦炭、電石等行業(yè)落后產(chǎn)能的力度。三是突出抓好重點行業(yè)和企業(yè)。加強鋼鐵、有色金屬、煤炭、化工、建材、建筑等重點行業(yè),以及年耗能萬噸標準煤以上重點企業(yè)的節(jié)能減排工作。全面實施低效燃煤工業(yè)鍋爐(窯爐)改造、區(qū)域熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)等重點節(jié)能工程。堅持優(yōu)先發(fā)展城市公共交通。四是健全節(jié)能環(huán)保政策體系。注重發(fā)揮市場機制作用,綜合運用價格、財稅、信貸等經(jīng)濟手段,促進節(jié)能環(huán)保工作。深化重要資源性產(chǎn)品價格和排污收費改革,完善資源稅制度,健全礦產(chǎn)資源有償使用制度,加快建立生態(tài)環(huán)境補償機制。保護和合理開發(fā)利用海洋資源。五是加快節(jié)能環(huán)保技術(shù)進步。積極推進以節(jié)能減排為主要目標的設(shè)備更新和技術(shù)改造,引導(dǎo)企業(yè)采用有利于節(jié)能環(huán)保的新設(shè)備、新工藝、新技術(shù)。加強資源綜合利用和清潔生產(chǎn),大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟和節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)。六是加大污染治理和環(huán)境保護力度。增加國債資金和中央預(yù)算內(nèi)資金,支持城鎮(zhèn)生活污水、垃圾處理和危險廢物處理設(shè)施建設(shè)。繼續(xù)搞好“三河三湖”(淮河海河遼河、太湖巢湖滇池)、渤海、松花江、三峽庫區(qū)及上游、南水北調(diào)水源及沿線等重點流域和區(qū)域污染治理。禁止污染企業(yè)和城市污染物向農(nóng)村擴散,控制農(nóng)村面源污染。七是強化執(zhí)法監(jiān)督管理。建立更加有效的節(jié)能環(huán)保監(jiān)督管理體系,堅決依法懲處各種違法違規(guī)行為。八是認真落實節(jié)能環(huán)保目標責任制。抓緊建立和完善科學(xué)、完整、統(tǒng)一的節(jié)能減排指標體系、監(jiān)測體系和考核體系,實行嚴格的問責制。節(jié)約集約用地,不僅關(guān)系當前經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展,而且關(guān)系國家長遠利益和民族生存根基。在土地問題上,我們絕不能犯不可改正的歷史性錯誤,遺禍子孫后代。一定要守住全國耕地不少于18億畝這條紅線。堅決實行最嚴格的土地管理制度:一要認真執(zhí)行土地利用總體規(guī)劃和計劃。堅決控制建設(shè)占地規(guī)模,加強耕地特別是基本農(nóng)田保護,禁止擅自將農(nóng)用地轉(zhuǎn)為建設(shè)用地。認真落實新修訂的禁止類和限制類項目用地的規(guī)定,特別要禁止別墅類房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)、高爾夫球場、黨政機關(guān)和國有企事業(yè)單位新建培訓(xùn)中心等項目用地。二要抓緊完善和嚴格執(zhí)行節(jié)約集約用地標準,包括農(nóng)村集體建設(shè)用地和宅基地,都要控制增量,盤活存量,提高土地利用效率和集約化程度。三要切實控制工業(yè)用地,堅決執(zhí)行工業(yè)用地出讓最低價標準。四要落實建設(shè)用地稅費政策,規(guī)范土地出讓收支管理,切實執(zhí)行國有土地使用權(quán)出讓收支全額納入地方預(yù)算的規(guī)定。五要嚴格土地管理責任制。落實土地督察制度。對各類土地違法違規(guī)案件都要嚴肅查處。

      要在全社會大力倡導(dǎo)節(jié)約、環(huán)保、文明的生產(chǎn)方式和消費模式,讓節(jié)約資源、保護環(huán)境成為每個企業(yè)、村莊、單位和每個社會成員的自覺行動,努力建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型和環(huán)境友好型社會。

      (四)加快推進產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級和自主創(chuàng)新

      堅持走新型工業(yè)化道路,著力優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。重點是大力發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè),提升工業(yè)層次和水平,繼續(xù)推進國民經(jīng)濟和社會信息化。要從改革體制、加大投入、完善政策等方面,鼓勵和支持服務(wù)業(yè)加快發(fā)展,尤其要發(fā)展物流、金融、信息、咨詢、旅游、社區(qū)服務(wù)等現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)。我國工業(yè)總體規(guī)模已經(jīng)不小,但產(chǎn)業(yè)層次和技術(shù)水平不高,促進工業(yè)由大變強是一項緊迫的任務(wù)。要加快發(fā)展高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè),振興裝備制造業(yè),積極發(fā)展可再生能源,有序發(fā)展替代能源,廣泛應(yīng)用先進技術(shù)改造提升傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)。加快產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)調(diào)整。在優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)中,注重運用經(jīng)濟、法律手段,加強產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)劃和政策的引導(dǎo)。

      要圍繞建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國家,認真落實國家中長期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要提出的目標任務(wù)。實施國家重大科技專項,努力攻克一批事關(guān)國計民生和國家安全的核心關(guān)鍵技術(shù),依托重點工程推進重大裝備自主化建設(shè),力爭在重點優(yōu)勢領(lǐng)域取得突破。加強基礎(chǔ)研究、前沿技術(shù)研究和社會公益研究。深化科技體制改革。加快建立以企業(yè)為主體、市場為導(dǎo)向、產(chǎn)學(xué)研相結(jié)合的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系。完善自主創(chuàng)新激勵機制,落實鼓勵和支持自主創(chuàng)新的財稅政策、金融政策和政府采購制度。積極發(fā)展創(chuàng)業(yè)風(fēng)險投資。抓緊制定并實施國家知識產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)略,切實加強知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護。繼續(xù)實施全民科學(xué)素質(zhì)行動計劃。

      (五)進一步推動區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展

      堅持統(tǒng)籌兼顧、合理規(guī)劃、發(fā)揮優(yōu)勢、落實政策,促進區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。認真落實西部大開發(fā)“十一五”規(guī)劃,重點是加強基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)和發(fā)展科技教育,發(fā)展特色優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)。抓緊制定后續(xù)政策,鞏固和發(fā)展退耕還林、退牧還草成果。繼續(xù)實施天然林保護、防沙治沙、石漠化治理等重點生態(tài)工程。積極推進東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興,重點是加大產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整力度,搞好重要行業(yè)、企業(yè)的重組改造,推動裝備制造業(yè)、原材料加工業(yè)、高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)發(fā)展,加強商品糧基地建設(shè)。加快資源枯竭型城市經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型試點和采煤沉陷區(qū)治理。加快棚戶區(qū)改造。中部地區(qū),重點是繼續(xù)加強糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)生產(chǎn)能力和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工轉(zhuǎn)化能力建設(shè),加強能源、重要原材料基地、綜合交通運輸體系建設(shè),支持發(fā)展先進制造業(yè)和高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)。東部地區(qū),重點是推進產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級,增強自主創(chuàng)新能力和國際競爭力,在改革開放和科學(xué)發(fā)展上走在前面。繼續(xù)發(fā)揮經(jīng)濟特區(qū)、上海浦東新區(qū)作用,推進天津濱海新區(qū)等條件較好地區(qū)開發(fā)開放。

      加大國家對欠發(fā)達地區(qū)支持力度,鼓勵發(fā)達地區(qū)對欠發(fā)達地區(qū)對口援助,促進革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)、貧困地區(qū)經(jīng)濟社會加快發(fā)展,積極扶持人口較少民族的發(fā)展。做好庫區(qū)發(fā)展和庫區(qū)移民工作。

      四、推進社會主義和諧社會建設(shè)

      社會和諧穩(wěn)定,百姓安居樂業(yè),是廣大人民的共同愿望,也是政府工作的重要任務(wù)。今年要認真貫徹黨的十六屆六中全會精神,采取更加有力的舉措,在構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會方面邁出重要步伐。

      (一)加快教育、衛(wèi)生、文化、體育等社會事業(yè)發(fā)展

      教育是國家發(fā)展的基石,教育公平是重要的社會公平。要堅持把教育放在優(yōu)先發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略地位,加快各級各類教育發(fā)展??傮w布局是,普及和鞏固義務(wù)教育,加快發(fā)展職業(yè)教育,著力提高高等教育質(zhì)量。今年,要在全國農(nóng)村全部免除義務(wù)教育階段的學(xué)雜費,這將使農(nóng)村1.5億中小學(xué)生的家庭普遍減輕經(jīng)濟負擔;繼續(xù)對農(nóng)村貧困家庭學(xué)生免費提供教科書并補助寄宿生活費。要完善農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育經(jīng)費保障機制,不斷提高保障水平。今年全國財政安排農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育經(jīng)費2235億元,比去年增加395億元。“十一五”時期中央財政將投入100億元,實施農(nóng)村初中學(xué)校改造計劃,地方政府也要相應(yīng)增加這方面的投入。同時,繼續(xù)解決好城市困難家庭和農(nóng)民工子女接受義務(wù)教育問題。今年還要確保全面完成西部地區(qū)“兩基”攻堅計劃和農(nóng)村中小學(xué)現(xiàn)代遠程教育工程。讓所有孩子都能上得起學(xué),都能上好學(xué),我們一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)這個目標。要把發(fā)展職業(yè)教育放在更加突出的位置,使教育真正成為面向全社會的教育,這是一項重大變革和歷史任務(wù)。重點發(fā)展中等職業(yè)教育,健全覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的職業(yè)教育和培訓(xùn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。深化職業(yè)教育管理體制改革,建立行業(yè)、企業(yè)、學(xué)校共同參與的機制,推行工學(xué)結(jié)合、校企合作的辦學(xué)模式。高等教育要以提高質(zhì)量為核心,加快教育教學(xué)改革,相對穩(wěn)定招生規(guī)模,加強高水平學(xué)科和大學(xué)建設(shè),創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)模式,優(yōu)化人才培養(yǎng)結(jié)構(gòu),努力造就大批杰出人才。支持和規(guī)范民辦教育發(fā)展,發(fā)揮社會力量辦學(xué)的積極性。

      為了促進教育發(fā)展和教育公平,我們將采取兩項重大措施:一是從今年新學(xué)年開始,在普通本科高校、高等職業(yè)學(xué)校和中等職業(yè)學(xué)校建立健全國家獎學(xué)金、助學(xué)金制度,為此中央財政支出將由上年18億元增加到95億元,明年將安排200億元,地方財政也要相應(yīng)增加支出;同時,進一步落實國家助學(xué)貸款政策,使困難家庭的學(xué)生能夠上得起大學(xué)、接受職業(yè)教育。這是繼全部免除農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育階段學(xué)雜費之后,促進教育公平的又一件大事。二是在教育部直屬師范大學(xué)實行師范生免費教育,建立相應(yīng)的制度。這個具有示范性的舉措,就是要進一步形成尊師重教的濃厚氛圍,讓教育成為全社會最受尊重的事業(yè);就是要培養(yǎng)大批優(yōu)秀的教師;就是要提倡教育家辦學(xué),鼓勵更多的優(yōu)秀青年終身做教育工作者。

      繼續(xù)實施人才強國戰(zhàn)略。加快推進以高層次、高技能人才為重點的各類人才隊伍建設(shè),大力培養(yǎng)一批自主創(chuàng)新的領(lǐng)軍人物和中青年高級專家。加快人事制度改革,促進人才合理流動。鼓勵出國留學(xué)人員回國工作、為國服務(wù),進一步做好吸引、聘用境外高級專門人才工作。要在全社會弘揚尊重勞動、尊重知識、尊重人才、尊重創(chuàng)造的良好風(fēng)氣。

      加快衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。著眼于建設(shè)覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的基本衛(wèi)生保健制度,今年重點抓好四件事:一是積極推行新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度。試點范圍擴大到全國80%以上的縣(市、區(qū)),有條件的地方還可以搞得更快一些。中央財政安排補助資金101億元,比去年增加58億元。落實農(nóng)村衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系建設(shè)與發(fā)展規(guī)劃,健全縣、鄉(xiāng)、村三級農(nóng)村衛(wèi)生服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò),每個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)由政府辦好一所衛(wèi)生院,采取多種形式支持每個行政村設(shè)立一個衛(wèi)生室,建設(shè)農(nóng)村藥品供應(yīng)網(wǎng)和監(jiān)督網(wǎng),加強農(nóng)村衛(wèi)生隊伍建設(shè),努力讓廣大農(nóng)民享有安全、有效、方便、價廉的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。二是加快建設(shè)以社區(qū)為基礎(chǔ)的新型城市衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系。優(yōu)化城市醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生資源配置,重點發(fā)展社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù),落實經(jīng)費保障措施,方便群眾防病治病。中央財政對中西部地區(qū)給予適當支持。三是啟動以大病統(tǒng)籌為主的城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險試點,政府對困難群眾給予必要的資助。四是做好重大傳染病防治工作。今年擴大國家免疫規(guī)劃范圍,將甲肝、流腦等15種可以通過接種疫苗有效預(yù)防的傳染病納入國家免疫規(guī)劃。在免費救治艾滋病、血吸蟲病等傳染病患者的基礎(chǔ)上,擴大免費救治病種。為此,中央財政增加支出28億元。這對于保障人民群眾健康、增強國民身體素質(zhì),具有重大意義。加強職業(yè)病、地方病防治。大力扶持中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥發(fā)展,充分發(fā)揮祖國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)藥在防病治病中的重要作用。為了更好地推進衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展,國務(wù)院已經(jīng)組織力量抓緊制定深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革方案,努力解決好廣大群眾關(guān)心的看病就醫(yī)問題。

      統(tǒng)籌解決人口問題,繼續(xù)落實現(xiàn)行生育政策。穩(wěn)定低生育水平,提高出生人口質(zhì)量,綜合治理出生人口性別比偏高問題。全面實行農(nóng)村計劃生育家庭獎勵扶助等制度。擴大農(nóng)村“少生快富”工程實施范圍。完善流動人口計劃生育管理服務(wù)體系。

      發(fā)展老齡事業(yè),積極應(yīng)對人口老齡化。發(fā)展婦女兒童和青少年事業(yè),依法保障婦女和未成年人權(quán)益。關(guān)心和支持殘疾人事業(yè),為他們平等參與經(jīng)濟社會生活創(chuàng)造良好環(huán)境。

      在全社會樹立中國特色社會主義的共同理想,廣泛開展社會主義榮辱觀教育,培育文明道德風(fēng)尚,尤其要加強青少年思想道德建設(shè)。加快發(fā)展文化事業(yè)和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)。推進文化體制改革,完善文化產(chǎn)業(yè)政策。繁榮新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)。進一步發(fā)展哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)。著眼于滿足人民群眾文化需求,保障人民文化權(quán)益,逐步建立覆蓋全社會的公共文化服務(wù)體系。突出抓好廣播電視村村通工程、社區(qū)和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)綜合文化站建設(shè)工程、全國文化信息資源共享工程、農(nóng)村電影放映工程、農(nóng)家書屋工程。繼續(xù)建設(shè)一批國家重大文化工程。加強網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化建設(shè)和管理。搞好文化遺產(chǎn)、自然遺產(chǎn)和檔案保護。加強文化市場管理,堅持開展掃黃打非。積極發(fā)展體育事業(yè)和體育產(chǎn)業(yè),加強城鄉(xiāng)基層體育設(shè)施建設(shè),大力開展全民健身活動,提高競技體育水平。抓緊做好北京奧運會、殘奧會的籌辦工作,做好上海世博會籌備工作,辦好上海世界特殊奧運會。

      (二)加強就業(yè)和社會保障工作

      堅持把擴大就業(yè)放在經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的突出位置。實施有利于促進就業(yè)的財政、稅收和金融政策,積極支持自主創(chuàng)業(yè)和自謀職業(yè)。重點做好下崗失業(yè)和關(guān)閉破產(chǎn)企業(yè)人員再就業(yè)工作,積極幫助“零就業(yè)家庭”和就業(yè)困難人員就業(yè),加強高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)指導(dǎo)和服務(wù),推進退役軍人安置改革。發(fā)展和諧勞動關(guān)系,全面推行勞動合同制度,保障勞動者合法權(quán)益。

      加強社會保障體系建設(shè)。今年中央財政安排社會保障支出2019億元,比去年增加247億元。繼續(xù)完善企業(yè)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險制度,推進做實個人賬戶擴大試點工作。健全城鎮(zhèn)職工基本醫(yī)療保險和失業(yè)、工傷、生育保險制度。加快建立適合農(nóng)民工特點的社會保障制度,重點推進農(nóng)民工工傷保險和大病醫(yī)療保障工作。抓緊研究制定社會保險關(guān)系跨地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)辦法。進一步擴大社會保險覆蓋面,特別要做好外資、私營等非公有制企業(yè)和城鎮(zhèn)靈活就業(yè)人員的參保工作。多渠道籌集和積累社會保障基金。完善社會保險費征管方式,提高基金征繳率。強化社會保障基金、住房公積金等社會公共基金的監(jiān)督管理,嚴禁侵占挪用。積極發(fā)展社會福利事業(yè)。

      完善城鄉(xiāng)社會救助體系。健全城市居民最低生活保障制度、城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療救助制度、城市生活無著的流浪乞討人員救助制度。今年要在全國范圍建立農(nóng)村最低生活保障制度,這是加強“三農(nóng)”工作、構(gòu)建和諧社會的又一重大舉措。各地要根據(jù)實際,合理確定低保對象范圍和標準,中央財政對困難地區(qū)給予適當補助。在全國城鄉(xiāng)建立最低生活保障制度,對于促進社會公平、構(gòu)建和諧社會具有重大而深遠的意義。繼續(xù)落實好優(yōu)撫政策,妥善解決優(yōu)撫對象的實際困難。切實抓好防災(zāi)減災(zāi)救災(zāi)工作,妥善安排受災(zāi)群眾的生產(chǎn)生活。支持慈善事業(yè)發(fā)展。要讓城鄉(xiāng)百姓特別是困難群眾都能夠享受到公共財政的陽光。

      (三)強化安全生產(chǎn)工作和整頓規(guī)范市場秩序

      堅決遏制重特大安全事故發(fā)生,實現(xiàn)全國安全生產(chǎn)狀況穩(wěn)定好轉(zhuǎn)。要認真貫徹“安全第一,預(yù)防為主,綜合治理”的方針,完善安全生產(chǎn)體制,切實落實責任制,加大安全生產(chǎn)投入,加強安全生產(chǎn)教育和培訓(xùn)。要繼續(xù)打好煤礦瓦斯治理和整頓關(guān)閉兩個攻堅戰(zhàn)。切實搞好重點行業(yè)和領(lǐng)域安全專項整治工作,加強學(xué)校和人員密集場所安全防范。要依法加強監(jiān)管,嚴肅查處安全生產(chǎn)事故。堅持標本兼治,深入整頓和規(guī)范市場秩序。加快社會信用體系建設(shè)。完善市場管理制度,強化市場監(jiān)管。依法打擊制假售假、虛假廣告、商業(yè)欺詐、傳銷和變相傳銷、偷逃騙稅、走私販私等違法活動。大力開展食品安全專項整治,全面整頓藥品市場秩序,保障人民群眾飲食和用藥安全。

      (四)推進社會主義民主法制建設(shè)

      發(fā)展民主,健全法制,是社會主義制度的內(nèi)在要求。構(gòu)建和諧社會,最重要的是加強民主法制建設(shè),促進社會公平正義。要積極穩(wěn)妥地推進政治體制改革,加快中國特色的民主政治建設(shè)。完善人民的民主權(quán)利保障制度,保障人民依法管理國家事務(wù)、管理經(jīng)濟和文化事業(yè)、管理社會事務(wù)。加強城鄉(xiāng)基層自治組織建設(shè)。擴大基層民主,完善政務(wù)公開、廠務(wù)公開、村務(wù)公開等制度,保證人民依法直接行使民主權(quán)利。各級政府要堅持科學(xué)民主決策,完善重大問題集體決策制度、專家咨詢制度、社會公示和聽證制度、決策責任制度,依法保障公民的知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)、表達權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)。

      全面推進依法行政。加強政府立法工作,重點是發(fā)展社會事業(yè)、健全社會保障、加強社會管理、節(jié)約能源資源、保護生態(tài)環(huán)境等方面的立法。加強和改善行政執(zhí)法,落實行政執(zhí)法責任制。執(zhí)法部門要嚴格按照法定權(quán)限和程序行使權(quán)力、履行職責。進一步加強行政監(jiān)督。各級政府及其工作人員都要帶頭遵守憲法和法律,嚴格依法辦事。要自覺接受人民代表大會及其常委會的監(jiān)督,接受人民政協(xié)的民主監(jiān)督,認真聽取民主黨派、工商聯(lián)、無黨派人士和各人民團體的意見。接受新聞輿論和社會公眾監(jiān)督。支持監(jiān)察、審計部門依法獨立履行監(jiān)督職責。通過加強對權(quán)力運行的制約和監(jiān)督,確保人民賦予的權(quán)力用于為人民謀利益。深入開展普法教育,做好行政復(fù)議、法律服務(wù)和法律援助工作。繼續(xù)推進司法行政體制改革,維護司法公正。

      做好民族、宗教和僑務(wù)工作。全面貫徹民族區(qū)域自治法,鞏固和發(fā)展平等、團結(jié)、互助、和諧的社會主義民族關(guān)系。全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針,認真落實宗教事務(wù)條例。全面貫徹黨的僑務(wù)政策,發(fā)揮海外僑胞和歸僑、僑眷在促進祖國統(tǒng)一和民族復(fù)興中的獨特作用。

      (五)維護社會安定和諧 要把維護人民群眾的合法權(quán)益,作為正確處理新時期社會矛盾、促進社會安定和諧的出發(fā)點和落腳點。健全利益協(xié)調(diào)機制、訴求表達機制、矛盾排查調(diào)處機制和權(quán)益保障機制。認真落實涉及群眾利益的各項政策,依照法律和政策及時解決群眾反映的問題,堅決糾正土地征收征用、房屋拆遷、企業(yè)改制、環(huán)境保護中損害群眾利益的行為。各級政府工作人員特別是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部要深入基層,主動為群眾排憂解難。加強社區(qū)建設(shè),完善基層服務(wù)和管理網(wǎng)絡(luò)。加強信訪工作,健全信訪工作責任制。加強社會治安防控體系建設(shè),大力整治突出治安問題和治安混亂地區(qū)。依法打擊刑事犯罪活動,維護國家安全和社會穩(wěn)定。

      五、深化改革和擴大開放

      要堅定不移地推進改革開放,在重點領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)取得新的突破。

      深化國有企業(yè)改革。一要按照有進有退、合理流動的原則,推動國有資本更多地向關(guān)系國家安全和國民經(jīng)濟命脈的重要行業(yè)和關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域集中。推進企業(yè)調(diào)整重組,支持有條件的企業(yè)做強做大。二要推進國有大型企業(yè)股份制改革,健全公司法人治理結(jié)構(gòu)、投資風(fēng)險控制機制和內(nèi)部監(jiān)督管理機制,建立適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度要求的選人用人和激勵約束機制。三要完善國有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管體制。建立國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算制度,規(guī)范國家與企業(yè)的分配關(guān)系。今年將進行國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算編制試點。規(guī)范國有企業(yè)改制和國有產(chǎn)權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓行為,防止國有資產(chǎn)流失,維護職工合法權(quán)益。四要抓緊解決國有企業(yè)歷史遺留問題。繼續(xù)對長期虧損、資不抵債企業(yè)和資源枯竭礦山實施關(guān)閉破產(chǎn),積極穩(wěn)妥推進企業(yè)政策性破產(chǎn)工作。推進主輔分離、輔業(yè)改制和分離企業(yè)辦社會職能。

      加快推進壟斷行業(yè)改革。進一步放寬市場準入,引入競爭機制,實行投資主體和產(chǎn)權(quán)多元化。深化電力、郵政、電信、鐵路等行業(yè)改革,穩(wěn)步推進供水、供氣、供熱等市政公用事業(yè)改革。

      鼓勵、支持和引導(dǎo)個體私營等非公有制經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。認真落實中央制定的各項政策措施。鼓勵非公有制經(jīng)濟參與國有企業(yè)改革,進入公用事業(yè)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、金融服務(wù)以及社會事業(yè)等領(lǐng)域。完善金融、稅收、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新等政策,改進對非公有制企業(yè)的服務(wù)。依法保護非公有制企業(yè)合法權(quán)益。加強對非公有制企業(yè)的引導(dǎo)和管理,促進企業(yè)依法經(jīng)營。推進財稅體制改革?,F(xiàn)在統(tǒng)一內(nèi)外資企業(yè)所得稅,使內(nèi)外資企業(yè)處于平等競爭地位,時機和條件已經(jīng)成熟。這項改革涉及制定新的企業(yè)所得稅法,《中華人民共和國企業(yè)所得稅法(草案)》將提請本次大會審議。要加快公共財政體系建設(shè),完善財政轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度,改革預(yù)算管理制度,制定全面實施增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型方案和措施,建立規(guī)范的政府非稅收入體系。

      加快金融體制改革。一要深化國有銀行改革。鞏固和發(fā)展國有商業(yè)銀行股份制改革成果。推進中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行股份制改革。深化政策性銀行改革,重點進行國家開發(fā)銀行改革。二要加快農(nóng)村金融改革。構(gòu)建分工合理、投資多元、功能完善、服務(wù)高效的農(nóng)村金融組織體系。充分發(fā)揮中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行、中國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展銀行在農(nóng)村金融中的骨干和支柱作用,繼續(xù)深化農(nóng)村信用社改革,增強中國郵政儲蓄銀行為“三農(nóng)”服務(wù)的功能。適當調(diào)整和放寬農(nóng)村地區(qū)銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)準入政策,鼓勵各類資本進入農(nóng)村金融機構(gòu)。探索發(fā)展適合農(nóng)村特點的新型金融組織,加大農(nóng)村金融產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)創(chuàng)新力度,積極解決農(nóng)村貸款難問題。三要大力發(fā)展資本市場。推進多層次資本市場體系建設(shè),擴大直接融資規(guī)模和比重。穩(wěn)步發(fā)展股票市場,加快發(fā)展債券市場,積極穩(wěn)妥地發(fā)展期貨市場。進一步加強市場基礎(chǔ)性制度建設(shè),推進股票、債券發(fā)行制度市場化改革,切實提高上市公司質(zhì)量,加強市場監(jiān)管。四要深化保險業(yè)改革,擴大保險覆蓋面,提高保險服務(wù)水平和防范風(fēng)險能力。五要推進金融對外開放,提高開放水平。六要切實加強和改進金融監(jiān)管,健全監(jiān)管協(xié)調(diào)機制,有效防范和化解金融風(fēng)險,維護國家金融穩(wěn)定和安全。

      發(fā)展對外貿(mào)易。通過發(fā)展對外貿(mào)易促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、增加就業(yè),是我們必須長期堅持的方針。要優(yōu)化進出口結(jié)構(gòu),轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)增長方式,努力緩解外貿(mào)順差過大的矛盾。支持具有自主品牌和高附加值產(chǎn)品出口,擴大服務(wù)產(chǎn)品和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品出口,控制高耗能、高污染產(chǎn)品出口,促進加工貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型升級。要增加能源、原材料以及先進技術(shù)裝備、關(guān)鍵零部件進口。加強國家口岸管理和檢驗檢疫工作。

      做好利用外資工作。注重提高引進外資質(zhì)量和優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu),更多地引進先進技術(shù)、管理經(jīng)驗和高素質(zhì)人才。引導(dǎo)跨國公司把高端制造和研發(fā)環(huán)節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移到我國,吸引外資加快向中西部、東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地和符合產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的領(lǐng)域擴展。大力承接國際服務(wù)外包,提高我國服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展水平。加強對外資并購的引導(dǎo)和規(guī)范。優(yōu)化投資環(huán)境,規(guī)范招商引資行為,糾正一些地方違法違規(guī)變相給予優(yōu)惠政策和層層下達分解指標的做法。引導(dǎo)和規(guī)范企業(yè)對外投資合作。完善財稅、信貸、外匯、保險等政策措施,支持有實力、有信譽、有競爭力的各種所有制企業(yè)走出去。加強引導(dǎo)和協(xié)調(diào),避免企業(yè)在境外盲目投資和惡性競爭。發(fā)展對外承包工程與勞務(wù)合作。辦好境外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易合作區(qū)。推動多哈回合談判進程,積極參與多邊貿(mào)易規(guī)則制定,穩(wěn)步推進雙邊和區(qū)域自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建設(shè)。

      下載2010 溫家寶政府工作報告(英文版)word格式文檔
      下載2010 溫家寶政府工作報告(英文版).doc
      將本文檔下載到自己電腦,方便修改和收藏,請勿使用迅雷等下載。
      點此處下載文檔

      文檔為doc格式


      聲明:本文內(nèi)容由互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶自發(fā)貢獻自行上傳,本網(wǎng)站不擁有所有權(quán),未作人工編輯處理,也不承擔相關(guān)法律責任。如果您發(fā)現(xiàn)有涉嫌版權(quán)的內(nèi)容,歡迎發(fā)送郵件至:645879355@qq.com 進行舉報,并提供相關(guān)證據(jù),工作人員會在5個工作日內(nèi)聯(lián)系你,一經(jīng)查實,本站將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權(quán)內(nèi)容。

      相關(guān)范文推薦

        2011年溫家寶總理政府工作報告

        2011年總理作政府工作報告(全文) 各位代表: 現(xiàn)在,我代表國務(wù)院,向大會作政府工作報告,請各位代表審議,并請全國政協(xié)委員提出意見。 一、“十一五”時期國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的回顧......

        溫家寶作政府工作報告心得體會

        溫家寶作政府工作報告——心得體會全國政協(xié)十一屆四次會議于3月3日下午15時在北京人民大會堂開幕。來自祖國各地的近3000名全國人大代表,肩負13億人民的重托出席盛會,履行憲法......

        2011年溫家寶總理政府工作報告

        2011年溫家寶總理政府工作報告各位代表:現(xiàn)在,我代表國務(wù)院,向大會作政府工作報告,請各位代表審議,并請全國政協(xié)委員提出意見。一、“十一五”時期國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的回顧。“十......

        國務(wù)院總理溫家寶政府工作報告心得

        國務(wù)院總理溫家寶政府工作報告心得 2012年3月 國務(wù)院總理溫家寶在省第十一屆人民代表大會上作政府工作報告。報告中指出我國在2011年取得的輝煌成就和這一年中我國所做的主......

        溫家寶總理2012年政府工作報告摘要

        溫家寶在十一屆全國人大五次會議上作的政府工作報告(摘要) 《 人民日報 》( 2012年03月06日 02 版) “十二五”開局良好 城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)村居民人均純收入實際增......

        國務(wù)院總理溫家寶政府工作報告(推薦五篇)

        國務(wù)院總理溫家寶政府工作報告(全文) 第十一屆全國人大五次會議在人民大會堂開幕,國務(wù)院總理溫家寶代表國務(wù)院向大會作政府工作報告。 中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)電視臺消息:2012年3月5日(星期......

        2011年溫家寶政府工作報告全文(范文)

        2011年溫家寶政府工作報告全文 [溫家寶]各位代表:現(xiàn)在,我代表國務(wù)院,向大會作政府工作報告,請各位代表審議,并請全國政協(xié)委員提出意見。 一、“十一五”時期國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的......

        2011年國務(wù)院總理溫家寶政府工作報告(全文)

        2011年國務(wù)院總理溫家寶政府工作報告(全文) 第十一屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議上午9時在北京人民大會堂開幕,聽取國務(wù)院總理溫家寶作政府工作報告。以下為報告實錄: 各位代表,......