第一篇：小學成語大賽試題及答案

成語大賽試題（小學組）

一、將下列成語補充完整（每小題2分，共20分）。

風（）雨順（）頭喪氣 口若（）河 眼花（）亂 陰謀（）計 鴉（）無聲 驚濤（）浪 夸夸（）談 金（）輝煌 舉世（）名

二、圈出下列成語中的錯別字并將正確的字寫在后面的括號內(nèi)（每小題2分，共20分）。

穿流不息（）浮想聯(lián)篇（）一唱一合（）興高彩烈（）頗負勝名（）洛繹不絕（）迫不急待（）

不容爭辨（）

一如即往（）不動生色（）

三、趣味成語（每空2分，共20分）。

1、寫出2個含有動物名稱的成語：（）、（）。

2、寫出2個含有反義詞的成語：（）、（）。

3、寫出2個含有數(shù)字的成語：（）、（）。

4、寫出2個描寫季節(jié)的成語：（）、（）。

5、寫出1個與誠信有關(guān)的成語：（）；

寫出1個與友誼有關(guān)的成語：（）。

四、根據(jù)給出的意思寫出相應(yīng)成語（每小題2分，共20分）。

1、比喻把原物完好地歸還物品主人。（）

2、顧不得睡覺，忘記了吃飯。形容專心努力。（）

3、把棗整個咽下去，不加咀嚼，不辨滋味。比喻對事物不加分析思考。（）

4、形容建筑物異常華麗，光彩奪目。（）

5、全部精力集中在一點上，形容注意力高度集中。（）

五、成語接龍（共20分）

范例：守株待兔——兔死狐悲——悲歡離合…（后一個成語的第一個字就是前一個成語的最后一個字。）

1、七步成詩——（）——（）——（）

2、碧海青天——（）——（）——（）

3、成千上萬——（）——（）——（）

4、心知肚明——（）——（）——（）附加題（20分）

看書快（）

走路快（）

吃飯快（）

辦事快（）

變化快（）

水流快（）

車速快（）回答問題快（）

寫字畫圖快（）

航速快（）

參考答案

一、調(diào) 垂 懸 繚 鬼 雀 駭 其 碧 聞

二、川 翩 和 采 盛

絡(luò) 及 辯 既 聲

三、例：小肚雞腸 狐假虎威 例：左顧右盼 聲東擊西 例：七上八下 九牛一毛 例：言而有信 一言為定 例：情同手足 肝膽相照

四、完璧歸趙 廢寢忘食 囫圇吞棗 金碧輝煌 全神貫注

五、詩書禮樂——樂山愛水——水漫金山 天馬行空——空谷傳聲——聲情并茂 成千上萬——萬水千山——山高水長 明目張膽——膽戰(zhàn)心驚——驚天動地 附加題：

一目十行

健步如飛

狼吞虎咽

雷厲風行

千變?nèi)f化 奔流不息 風馳電掣 脫口而出 一揮而就 日行千里

第二篇：禁毒知識大賽試題及答案

禁毒知識競賽試卷

姓名 成績

一、單項選擇題（25）

1、《中華人民共和國禁毒法》施行的日期是（C）A.2007年12月29日;

B.2008年1月1日;C.2008年6月1日;D.2008年10月1日;

2、（B）設(shè)立國家禁毒委員會，負責組織、協(xié)調(diào)、指導全國的禁毒工作。A 全國人大常委會 B 國務(wù)院 C公安部 D全國政協(xié)

3、麻醉藥品、精神藥品和易制毒化學品管理的具體辦法，由（A）規(guī)定。A 國務(wù)院 B 公安部 C 衛(wèi)生部 D 商務(wù)部

4、《禁毒法》規(guī)定，（D）應(yīng)當依法加強對郵件的檢查，防止郵寄毒品和非法郵寄易制毒化學品。

A 海關(guān) B 公安機關(guān) C 邊防 D 郵政企業(yè)

5、《禁毒法》第三十條規(guī)定，國家建立健全（C），開展毒品監(jiān)測和禁毒信息的收集、分析、使用、交流工作。

A毒品監(jiān)測和毒品情報系統(tǒng) B 毒品情報和禁毒信息系統(tǒng) C毒品監(jiān)測和禁毒信息系統(tǒng) D 毒品情報和吸毒人員系統(tǒng)

6、對嚴重違反社區(qū)戒毒協(xié)議或者在社區(qū)戒毒期間又吸食、注射毒品的，參與社區(qū)戒毒的工作人員應(yīng)當（C）。

7、戒毒人員應(yīng)當在（B）接受社區(qū)戒毒。

A 居住地 B 戶籍所在地 C 抓獲地 D 案發(fā)地

8、公安機關(guān)對吸毒成癮人員決定予以強制隔離戒毒的，應(yīng)當制作強制隔離戒毒決定書，在執(zhí)行強制隔離戒毒前送達被決定人，并在送達后（C）以內(nèi)通知被決定人的家屬、所在單位和戶籍所在地公安派出所。

A 7日 B 3日 C 24小時 D 12小時

8、對被決定予以強制隔離戒毒的人員，由（B）送強制隔離戒毒場所執(zhí)行。

A 戶籍地公安機關(guān)

B 作出決定的公安機關(guān)送 C 居住地公安機關(guān)

D 案發(fā)地公安機關(guān)

9、強制隔離戒毒場所的設(shè)置、管理體制和經(jīng)費保障，由（A）規(guī)定。A 國務(wù)院 B 公安部 C 省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府 D 省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府公安機關(guān)

10、（B）應(yīng)當加強對強制隔離戒毒場所執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師的業(yè)務(wù)指導和監(jiān)督管理。A 公安部門 B 衛(wèi)生行政部門 C 藥監(jiān)部門 D 禁毒部門

二、判斷題（50分）

1、禁毒工作實行政府統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導，有關(guān)部門各負其責，社會廣泛參與的工作機制。（√）

2、國家鼓勵對禁毒工作的社會捐贈，并依法給予稅收優(yōu)惠。（√）

3、國家鼓勵志愿人員參與禁毒宣傳教育和戒毒社會服務(wù)工作。（√）

4、復吸的一律強制隔離戒毒。（×）

5、種植毒品原植物，屬于制造毒品的行為。（×）

6、經(jīng)強制隔離戒毒后又吸食，注射毒品的，構(gòu)成吸食毒品罪。（×）

7、強制隔離戒毒場所的設(shè)置、管理體制和經(jīng)費保障，可由各地政府視財政情況自行規(guī)定。（×）

8、毒品是指鴉片、海洛因、甲基苯丙胺、嗎啡、大麻、可卡因以及國家規(guī)定管制的其它能夠使人形成癮癖的麻醉藥品和精神藥品。（√）

9、過量吸食鴉片，可引起急性中毒，因呼吸抑制而死亡。（√）

10、所有的毒品都具有四個基本特征：依賴性、耐受性、非法性和危害性。（√）

11、“一朝吸毒，十年戒毒，終生想毒”主要說明毒品所造成的生理依賴持久性。（×）

12、按藥物對人體所產(chǎn)生的作用，可將毒品分為麻醉藥品和精神藥品。（×）

13、苯丙胺因其純品無色透明，像冰一樣，故俗稱“冰毒”。（×）

14、吸毒成癮人員自愿接受強制隔離戒毒的，經(jīng)公安機關(guān)同意，可以進入強制隔離戒毒場所戒毒。（√）

15、對吸食、注射毒品的人員，應(yīng)一律進行治安拘留等行政處罰，并予以強制隔離戒毒。（×）

16、經(jīng)強制隔離戒毒后又吸食、注射毒品的，依法實行勞動改造，并在勞改中戒除毒癮。（×）

17、擅自開辦戒毒脫癮治療業(yè)務(wù)的，由衛(wèi)生部門依法予以取締和處罰。有毒品違法犯罪行為的，應(yīng)當移送公安機關(guān)處理。（×）

18、國家鼓勵公民、組織開展公益型的禁毒宣傳活動。（√）

19、新聞、出版、文化、廣播、電影、電視等有關(guān)單位，應(yīng)當有針對性地面向社會進行禁毒宣傳教育。（√）

20、國家機關(guān)、社會團體、企業(yè)事業(yè)單位以及其他組織，應(yīng)當加強對本單位人員的禁毒宣傳教育。（√）

三、多項選擇題（25分）

1、制定《禁毒法》的目的是：（A.B.C.D）A 預防毒品違法犯罪行為 B 懲治毒品違法犯罪行為 C保護公民身心健康 D 維護社會秩序

2、強制隔離戒毒場所對患有傳染病的戒毒人員，應(yīng)當依法采取必要的（C.D）措施。

A 看護 B約束 C 隔離 D 治療

3、有下列行為之一，構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法給予治安管理處罰：（A.B.C.D）

A 非法持有毒品的；

B 非法傳授麻醉藥品、精神藥品或者易制毒化學品制造方法的；

C 非法買賣、運輸、攜帶、持有未經(jīng)滅活的毒品原植物種子或者幼苗的； D 非法種植毒品原植物的；

4、國家對易制毒化學品的生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營、購買、運輸實行（A.B）制度。A查驗 B許可 C統(tǒng)一管理 D審查

5、公安機關(guān)、司法行政部門或者其他有關(guān)主管部門的工作人員在禁毒工作中有下列行為之一，構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法給予處分：（A.B.C.D）

A 包庇、縱容毒品違法犯罪人員的； B 對戒毒人員有體罰、虐待、侮辱等行為的；

C 挪用、截留、克扣禁毒經(jīng)費的； D 擅自處分查獲的毒品和扣押、查封、凍結(jié)的涉及毒品違法犯罪活動的財物的。

6、縣級以上各級人民政府應(yīng)當將禁毒工作納入（A.C）規(guī)劃，并將禁毒經(jīng)費列入本級財政預算。

A 國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展 B 社會文明發(fā)展 C 社會發(fā)展 D 道德教育

7、對依法查獲的（ABC）應(yīng)當收繳，依照規(guī)定處理。

A 毒品 B 毒品違法犯罪的非法所得及其收益 C吸食、注射毒品的用具

D 間接用于實施毒品違法犯罪行為的本人所有的工具、設(shè)備、資金

8、公安機關(guān)根據(jù)查緝毒品的需要，可以在邊境地區(qū)、交通要道、口岸以及飛機場、火車站、長途汽車站、碼頭對（ABCD）進行毒品和易制毒化學品檢查，民航、鐵路、交通部門應(yīng)當予以配合。

A 來往人員 B 物品 C 貨物 D 交通工具

9、《禁毒法》規(guī)定，禁止非法傳授（BCD）的制造方法。A 制毒工具 B 麻醉藥品 C 精神藥品 D 易制毒化學品

10、下列哪些人吸毒成癮的，不適用強制隔離戒毒。（AB）A 懷孕的婦女 B 正在哺乳自己不滿一周歲嬰兒的婦女 C 年齡超過60周歲的 D 不滿十六周歲的未成年人

第三篇：禁毒知識大賽試題及答案

2009年馬場中學禁毒知識大賽試題及答案

（一）一、單項選擇題

1、《中華人民共和國禁毒法》施行的日期是（C）A.2007年12月29日;

B.2008年1月1日;C.2008年6月1日;D.2008年10月1日;

2、（B）設(shè)立國家禁毒委員會，負責組織、協(xié)調(diào)、指導全

國的禁毒工作。

A 全國人大常委會 B 國務(wù)院 C公安部 D全國政協(xié)

3、麻醉藥品、精神藥品和易制毒化學品管理的具體辦法，由（A）規(guī)定。

A 國務(wù)院 B 公安部 C 衛(wèi)生部 D 商務(wù)部

4、《禁毒法》規(guī)定，（D）應(yīng)當依法加強對郵件的檢查，防止郵寄毒品和非法郵寄易制毒化學品。

A 海關(guān) B 公安機關(guān) C 邊防 D 郵政企業(yè)

5、《禁毒法》第三十條規(guī)定，國家建立健全（C），開展毒品監(jiān)測和禁毒信息的收集、分析、使用、交流工作。

/ 7

A毒品監(jiān)測和毒品情報系統(tǒng) B 毒品情報和禁毒信息系統(tǒng) C毒品監(jiān)測和禁毒信息系統(tǒng) D 毒品情報

和吸毒人員系統(tǒng)

6、對嚴重違反社區(qū)戒毒協(xié)議或者在社區(qū)戒毒期間又吸食、注射毒品的，參與社區(qū)戒毒的工作人員應(yīng)當（C）。A進行勸導

B進行批評、教育 C及時向公安機關(guān)報告 D 對其執(zhí)行強制隔離戒毒

7、戒毒人員應(yīng)當在（B）接受社區(qū)戒毒。A 居住地 B 戶籍所在地 C 抓獲地 D 案發(fā)地

8、公安機關(guān)對吸毒成癮人員決定予以強制隔離戒毒的，應(yīng)當制作強制隔離戒毒決定書，在執(zhí)行強制隔離戒毒前送達被決定人，并在送達后（C）以內(nèi)通知被決定人的家屬、所在單位和

戶籍所在地公安派出所。

A 7日 B 3日 C 24小時 D 12小時

8、對被決定予以強制隔離戒毒的人員，由（B）送強制

隔離戒毒場所執(zhí)行。

A 戶籍地公安機關(guān)

B 作出決定的公安機關(guān)送

C 居住地公安機關(guān)

D 案發(fā)地公安機關(guān)

/ 7

9、強制隔離戒毒場所的設(shè)置、管理體制和經(jīng)費保障，由

（A）規(guī)定。

A 國務(wù)院 B 公安部 C 省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府 D 省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府公安機關(guān)

10、（B）應(yīng)當加強對強制隔離戒毒場所執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師的業(yè)務(wù)

指導和監(jiān)督管理。

A 公安部門 B 衛(wèi)生行政部門 C 藥監(jiān)部門 D 禁毒部門

二、多項選擇題

1、制定《禁毒法》的目的是：（A.B.C.D）A 預防毒品違法犯罪行為 B 懲治毒品違法犯罪行為

C保護公民身心健康 D 維護社會秩序

2、強制隔離戒毒場所對患有傳染病的戒毒人員，應(yīng)當依法

采取必要的（C.D）措施。

A 看護 B約束 C 隔離 D 治療

3、有下列行為之一，構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法給予治安管理處罰：（A.B.C.D）

/ 7

A 非法持有毒品的；

B 非法傳授麻醉藥品、精神藥品或者易制毒化學品制造方法的；

C 非法買賣、運輸、攜帶、持有未經(jīng)滅活的毒品原植物種子或者幼苗的； D 非法種植毒品原植物的；

4、國家對易制毒化學品的生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營、購買、運輸實行

（A.B）制度。

A查驗 B許可 C統(tǒng)一管理 D審查

5、公安機關(guān)、司法行政部門或者其他有關(guān)主管部門的工作人員在禁毒工作中有下列行為之一，構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法給予處分：（A.B.C.D）A 包庇、縱容毒品違法犯罪人員的； B 對戒毒人員有體罰、虐待、侮辱等行為的；

C 挪用、截留、克扣禁毒經(jīng)費的； D 擅自處分查獲的毒品和扣押、查封、凍結(jié)的涉及毒品違法犯罪活動的財物的。

6、縣級以上各級人民政府應(yīng)當將禁毒工作納入（A.C）規(guī)劃，并將禁毒經(jīng)費列入本級財政預算。

A 國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展 B 社會文明發(fā)展 C 社會發(fā)

展

D 道德教育

7、對依法查獲的（ABC）應(yīng)當收繳，依照規(guī)定處理。

/ 7

A 毒品 B 毒品違法犯罪的非法所得及其

收益

C吸食、注射毒品的用具

D 間接用于實施毒品違法犯罪行為的本人所有的工具、設(shè)

備、資金

8、公安機關(guān)根據(jù)查緝毒品的需要，可以在邊境地區(qū)、交通要道、口岸以及飛機場、火車站、長途汽車站、碼頭對（ABCD）進行毒品和易制毒化學品檢查，民航、鐵路、交通部門應(yīng)當予以

配合。

A 來往人員 B 物品 C 貨物 D 交通工

具

9、《禁毒法》規(guī)定，禁止非法傳授（BCD）的制造方法。

A 制毒工具 B 麻醉藥品 C 精神藥品 D 易制毒化學品

10、下列哪些人吸毒成癮的，不適用強制隔離戒毒。（AB）A 懷孕的婦女 B 正在哺乳自己不滿一周歲嬰兒的婦女 C 年齡超過60周歲的 D 不滿十六周歲的未成年人

三、填空題

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1、毒品的基本特征是具有依賴性、危害性和非法性。

2、毒品的危害可以概括為“毀滅自己、禍及家庭、危害社

會”。

3、海洛因(Heroin)是嗎啡的半合成品,化學名稱為二乙酰

嗎啡。

4、世界“三大毒源”地是指 “金三角”、“金新月”、“銀三角”。

5、毒品犯罪具有三個基本特征，即 社會危害性、刑事違法

性、應(yīng)受處罰性。

6、興奮劑是加速和增強中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)活動，使人處于強烈興奮具有成癮性的精神藥品。

7、根據(jù)國際公約的有關(guān)規(guī)定，可將毒品分為麻醉藥品和精

神藥品。

8、根據(jù)毒品來源和生產(chǎn)方法不同，可分為天然毒品和合成毒品。

9、根據(jù)毒品對人體的作用,可分為麻醉劑、抑制劑、興奮劑、鎮(zhèn)靜劑和致幻劑。

10、根據(jù)毒品對人的危害程度，分為軟性毒品和硬性毒品。

四、簡答題

1、什么是毒品？

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答：毒品是指鴉片、海洛因、甲基苯丙胺（冰毒）、嗎啡、大麻、可卡因以及國家規(guī)定管制的其它能夠使人形成癮癖的麻醉

藥品和精神藥品。

2、什么是毒品犯罪？

答：毒品犯罪是指違反國家和國際有關(guān)禁毒法律、法規(guī)，破壞禁毒管制活動，應(yīng)該受到刑罰處罰的犯罪行為。

3、走私毒品罪及其犯罪構(gòu)成是什么？

答：走私毒品罪，是指違反國家毒品管制法規(guī)，逃避海關(guān)監(jiān)管，非法運輸、攜帶、郵寄毒品進出國（邊）境的行為。

五、問答題

為什么要把青少年作為禁毒預防教育的重點？

答：在吸毒者中,由于無知、好奇、被他人引誘而吸毒的青少年的比例最高。青少年正處于生理、心理發(fā)展時期,心理防線薄弱,好奇心強,判別是非能力差,不易抵制毒品的侵襲,加之對毒品的危害性和吸毒的違法性缺乏認識,最易受到毒品的侵襲。因此,對青少年進行遠離毒品的教育是禁毒預防教育工作的重中

之重。

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第四篇：第三屆翻譯大賽試題及答案

Nature and Art

Nature contains the elements, in colour and form, of all pictures, as the keyboard contains the notes of all music.But the artist is born to pick, and choose, and group with science, these elements, that the result may be beautiful—as the musician gathers his notes, and forms his chords, until he brings forth from the chaos glorious harmony.To say to the painter, that Nature is to be taken as she is, is to say to the player, that he may sit on the piano?

The dignity of the snow-capped mountain is lost in distinctness, but the joy of the tourist is to recognize the traveller on the top.The desire to see, for the sake of seeing, is, with the mass, alone the one to be gratified, hence the delight in detail.And when the evening mist clothes the riverside with poetry, as with a veil, and the poor buildings lose themselves in the dim sky, and the tall chimneys become campanili, and the warehouses are palaces in the night, and the whole city hangs in the heavens, and fairy-land is before us—then the wayfarer hastens home;the working man and the cultured one, the wise man and the one of pleasure, cease to understand, as they have ceased to see, and Nature, who, for once, has sung in tune, sings her exquisite song to the artist alone, her son and her master—her son in that loves her, her master in that he knows her.To him her secrets are unfolded, to him her lessons have become gradually clear.He looks at her flower, not with the enlarging lens, that may gather facts for the botanist, but with the light of the one who sees in her choice selection of brilliant tones and delicate tints, suggestions of future harmonies.He does not confine himself to purposeless copying, without thought, each blade of grass, as commended by the inconsequent, but, in the long curve of the narrow leaf, corrected by the straight tall stem, he learns how grace is wedded to dignity.How strength enhances sweetness, that elegance shall be the result.In the citron wing of the pale butterfly, with its dainty spots of orange, he sees before him the stately halls of fair gold, with their slender saffron pillars, and is taught how the delicate drawing high upon the walls shall be traced in tender tones of orpiment, and repeated by the base in notes of graver hue.In all that is dainty and lovable he finds hints for his own combinations, and thus is Nature ever his resource and always at his service, and to him is naught refused.Through his brain, as through the last alembic, is distilled the refined essence of that thought which began with the Gods, and which they left him to carry out.Set apart by them to complete their works, he produces that wondrous thing called the masterpiece, which surpasses in perfection all that they have contrived in what is called Nature;and the Gods stand by and marvel, and perceive how far away more beautiful is the Venus of Melos than was their own Eve.自然與藝術(shù)

就色彩和形狀而論，大自然包含所有圖畫的元素，就像鍵盤包含所有音樂的音符一樣。

藝術(shù)家的天職就是對這些元素進行選擇，將它們巧妙地糅合起來，構(gòu)成一幅美麗的圖畫——就像音樂家用聲音譜成和音，從混亂無序的聲音中創(chuàng)作出動聽和諧的樂曲一樣。

如果對畫家說他可以照大自然本來的樣子畫，就等于對演奏家說他可以一屁股坐在鋼琴的鍵盤上??

白雪皚皚的高山若是變得清晰可見就失去了它的威嚴，但觀光者卻因為能看見山頂上的游客而喜形于色。大多數(shù)人是為了看見而要看見，只是為了使這個愿望得到滿足而已，因此他們僅以能看見細節(jié)為快。

當傍晚富有詩意的迷霧象柔紗般地籠罩著河邊，破舊的建筑消失在朦朧的天空，高高的煙囪變成一座座鐘樓，大大小小的倉庫恍如夜間的宮殿，整個城市懸在了空中，宛若仙境展現(xiàn)在我們眼前，那時候，路上的人們匆匆走路回家；勞動者和文化人，智者和浪子，因為他們熟視無睹，他們也就不能理解，而只在此時才開始歌唱的大自然便把自己微妙的歌唱給藝術(shù)家——她的兒子和她的主人；說他是兒子是因為他愛她，說他是主人是因為他理解她。

只有對他，她才展現(xiàn)她的秘密，只有對他，她的內(nèi)涵才逐漸變得清晰。他觀察著她的花朵，不是用為植物學家采集實據(jù)的放大鏡，而是用一種眼光，她用這種眼光在她精選的燦爛色調(diào)和精妙色彩中可以看見即將誕生的畫面是多么和諧。他并非不假思索地描摹每一片草葉，如同那些不諳此道的人們所贊揚的那樣，而是在又高又直的莖干上的細長葉彎里，他發(fā)現(xiàn)，優(yōu)雅和尊嚴融為一體，力量使它更加溫柔，而后才產(chǎn)生了高雅。

在蝴蝶那淡淡的香櫞色并布滿雅致的橘黃斑點的翅膀上，他看見莊嚴的金色大廳就在眼前，還有又細又高的金黃頂柱，并且懂得了那高墻上精巧的圖畫要用輕柔的雄黃色調(diào)來描繪，并要以更加莊重的色調(diào)為底色將其繪制下來。

在所有這些雅致和可愛的元素里，他得到如何進行融合的啟示，這樣，大自然就成了他取之不盡的源泉，隨時為他服務(wù)，對他從不拒絕。

通過他的大腦，如同通過最后一道蒸餾器一樣，那發(fā)端于諸神，并由諸神托付他去實現(xiàn)的思想精髓得以凈化。

由于受到諸神的青睞去完成他們的作品，他創(chuàng)作了被稱之為杰作的絕妙之作，它的完美超出諸神在大自然里所創(chuàng)造的一切；他們站在一旁，驚嘆不已，并發(fā)現(xiàn)米洛斯島上的維納斯像比他們自己的夏娃要美麗得多。

第二部分：漢譯英譯文（50分）出生在天津的美國作家

歲月悠悠。一晃也是如云如煙的往事了。1981年秋，天津作家協(xié)會剛剛恢復工作，曾任美國作家聯(lián)盟主席的約翰·赫賽（John Hersey）到天津來了。他是自費來中國旅游，又是特地來重溫故鄉(xiāng)之夢的。

天津怎么是赫賽的故鄉(xiāng)呢？原來他父親是美國傳教士，曾任天津基督教青年會（YMCA :Young Men's Christian Association）干事多年；他母親應(yīng)南開中學邀請到南開中學任英語教師。隨他來的翻譯多說了幾句，說他母親教出了一位世界知名的人物，那就是周恩來。說他曾經(jīng)玩笑地說，他是在母親的肚皮里就已經(jīng)認識這位偉大的人物了。他1914年出生在天津，11歲離開天津，回到美國。但天津一直留在他的心頭，1939年和1945年都來重溫過故鄉(xiāng)之夢，這次是第三次了。

赫賽這次重溫故鄉(xiāng)之夢，做了一定的準備。隨來他的翻譯又多說了幾句，說他在北京請人為他譯讀了天津作家的一些作品，對孫梨的《荷花淀》與方紀的《來訪者》評價很高，這就看出他對人生和現(xiàn)實的態(tài)度了。

轉(zhuǎn)天，我應(yīng)邀到他房間去長談。他把微型錄音機放在茶幾上，要把我的原話和翻譯的譯語都錄下來。他要我介紹唐山大地震給天津帶來的災難，又要我介紹天津作家的情況，說那兩次重返故鄉(xiāng)，他都沒聽說過天津也有作家，特別是聽到作家寫作不僅拿稿費而且月月有薪金時，仿佛是一大發(fā)現(xiàn)，驚奇得在筆記本上做了記錄。我也順勢提出一問，他又是怎么靠稿費維持生活的。他說他在作家身份之外還兼具記者和教授的兩種身份。這樣既保證了生活的收入，又豐富了創(chuàng)作的源泉，也開拓了學識的領(lǐng)域。他的許多小說都是從報告文學中升華出來的，還有一些作品是在教學中醞釀成熟的。

An American Writer Who Was Born in Tianjin

It has been gone like smoke and clouds.How time flies!In the autumn of 1981 when Tianjin Writers’ Association has just resumed its normal function in the wake of the Cultural Revolution, Mr.John Hersey, Ex-Chairman of American Writers’ Federation, came to Tianjin.He had come to China as a tourist and made a point of coming to see his former home there.How come Tianjin had become Hersey’s hometown? What happened was that his father, a missionary from America, was in charge of Tianjin YMCA for many years and his mother, at the request of NankaiMiddle School, was there teaching English.His interpreter offered a few humorous remarks that at NankaiMiddle School his mother had taught a student that later became a world-known figure and this student was none other than Zhou Enlai.He added that Hersey had once said half jokingly that he had known this great figure when he was still in his mother’s womb.He was born in Tianjin in 1914, and left for America at the age of eleven.But Tianjin had always been to the fore of his mind.He had visited Tianjin twice earlier, the first one in 1939 and the second in 1946, and this was his third visit.Hersey was well prepared for his visit to Tianjin.His interpreter again offered some extra information that, while in Beijing, he had asked someone to translate and read to him in English some works by Tianjin writers and he had a high opinion of “The Lotus Lake” by Sun Li and “The Visitor” by Fang Ji, and that gave us a glimpse of his attitude toward life and how he looked at social realities.The next day I was invited to the hotel where he stayed and we had a long talk in his room.He put his pocket recorder on the tea table, saying he wanted to note down what I was going to say as it was being interpreted.He asked how Tianjin was affected by the Tangshan earthquake and then he said he would like to be furnished with some information about Tianjin writers, because, during his previous visits to Tianjin, it had never occurred to him that there was any writer in this city.When he learned that writers in China were paid regular salaries, apart from contribution fees for their writings, he was so amazed that he put it in his notebook as if he had discovered something unusual.Picking up the topic from where he left off I asked how he had managed to make a living by writing and he said he was currently employed as a journalist for a newspaper and a professor at a university.His employment in the two occupations not only provided him with materials for creative writing and widened the range of his learning.Some of his novels were developed on the reportage he had written as a journalist and others were conceived while he was teaching at university.

第五篇：江西省第二屆翻譯大賽試題及答案

江西省第二屆英語翻譯大賽

Time limit: 150 Min 第一部分：英譯漢（50分）

Street Haunting: A London Adventure(Excerpt)

Virginia Woolf

No one perhaps has ever felt passionately towards a lead pencil.But there are circumstances in which it can become supremely desirable to possess one;moments when we are set upon having an object, an excuse for walking half across London between tea and dinner.As the foxhunter hunts in order to preserve the breed of foxes, and the golfer plays in order that open spaces may be preserved from the builders, so when the desire comes upon us to go street rambling the pencil does for a pretext, and getting up we say: “Really I must buy a pencil,” as if under cover of this excuse we could indulge safely in the greatest pleasure of town life in winter — rambling the streets of London.How beautiful a London street is then, with its islands of light, and its long groves of darkness, and on one side of it perhaps some tree-sprinkled, grass-grown space where night is folding herself to sleep naturally and, as one passes the iron railing, one hears those little cracklings and stirrings of leaf and twig which seem to suppose the silence of fields all round them, an owl hooting, and far away the rattle of a train in the valley.But this is London, we are reminded;high among the bare trees are hung oblong frames of reddish yellow light — windows;there are points of brilliance burning steadily like low stars — lamps;this empty ground, which holds the country in it and its peace, is only a London square, set about by offices and houses where at this hour fierce lights burn over maps, over documents, over desks where clerks sit turning with wetted forefinger the files of endless correspondences;or more suffusedly the firelight wavers and the lamplight falls upon the privacy of some drawing-room, its easy chairs, its papers, its china, its inlaid table, and the figure of a woman, accurately measuring out the precise number of spoons of tea which —— She looks at the door as if she heard a ring downstairs and somebody asking, is she in?

第二部分：漢譯英（50分）

一件小事（節(jié)選）魯 迅

我從鄉(xiāng)下跑到京城里，一轉(zhuǎn)眼已經(jīng)六年了。其間耳聞目睹的所謂國家大事，算起來也很不少；但在我心里，都不留什么痕跡，倘要我尋出這些事的影響來說，便只是增長了我的壞脾氣，——老實說，便是教我一天比一天的看不起人。

但有一件小事，卻于我有意義，將我從壞脾氣里拖開，使我至今忘記不得。

這是民國六年的冬天，大北風刮得正猛，我因為生計關(guān)系，不得不一早在路上走。一路幾乎遇不見人，好容易才雇定了一輛人力車，叫他拉到S門去。不一會，北風小了，路上浮塵早已刮凈，剩下一條潔白的大道來，車夫也跑得更快。剛近S門，忽而車把上帶著一個人，慢慢地倒了。

跌倒的是一個女人，花白頭發(fā)，衣服都很破爛。伊從馬路上突然向車前橫截過來；車夫已經(jīng)讓開道，但伊的破棉背心沒有上扣，微風吹著，向外展開，所以終于兜著車把。幸而車夫早有點停步，否則伊定要栽一個大筋斗，跌到頭破血出了。

伊伏在地上；車夫便也立住腳。我料定這老女人并沒有傷，又沒有別人看見，便很怪他多事，要自己惹出是非，也誤了我的路。

我便對他說，“沒有什么的。走你的罷！”

車夫毫不理會，——或者并沒有聽到，——卻放下車子，扶那老女人慢慢起來，攙著臂膊立定，問伊說： “你怎么啦？” “我摔壞了?！?/p>

我想，我眼見你慢慢倒地，怎么會摔壞呢，裝腔作勢罷了，這真可憎惡。車夫多事，也正是自討苦吃，現(xiàn)在你自己想法去。車夫聽了這老女人的話，卻毫不躊躇，仍然攙著伊的臂膊，便一步一步的向前走。我有些詫異，忙看前面，是一所巡警分駐所，大風之后，外面也不見人。這車夫扶著那老女人，便正是向那大門走去。

我這時突然感到一種異樣的感覺，覺得他滿身灰塵的后影，剎時高大了，而且愈走愈大，須仰視才見。而且他對于我，漸漸的又幾乎變成一種威壓，甚而至于要榨出皮袍下面藏著的“小”來。

參考譯文

第一部分：英譯漢（50分）

倫敦神游（節(jié)選）

弗吉尼亞·伍爾夫

恐怕從未有人曾經(jīng)熱切地想要一支鉛心筆，但有時候這種欲望會變得壓倒一切。那是在下午茶之后、晚飯之前，我們會一心要買一件東西，其實是找借口在此期間游逛半個倫敦。獵人獵狐以保持狐貍的品種，球手打高爾夫以阻止建筑商侵占空地。同樣，當我們心血來潮想去街上閑逛時，鉛筆就可以作為借口。所以，我們站起身說：“真的，我必須買支鉛筆?！焙孟裼辛诉@個借口，我們就可以放心去盡情享受冬天城市生活最大的樂趣—在倫敦逛街。

倫敦的街道是多么美麗?。∮袩艄獾膷u嶼，有一團團幽暗的陰影，可能在其中一側(cè)還有樹木錯落的茵茵草地，夜在草地上舒展開，將大地罩入夜的睡鄉(xiāng)；越過鐵柵欄，你還可以聽到樹枝樹葉搖曳發(fā)出輕微的窸窣聲，襯出周圍田野的一片寂靜，還有一只貓頭鷹的梟叫，遠處山谷火車經(jīng)過的咔嚓聲。但我們旋即想起這是倫敦。光禿禿的的大樹上方，高高懸掛著黃里透紅的方形方框—是窗戶；點點亮光不動不滅好像低垂的星星—是路燈；這片讓人感覺如鄉(xiāng)村一樣恬靜的空曠地只是倫敦的一個廣場，四周布滿了辦公樓與家居。此時此刻，要么樓里刺眼的燈光正照耀著地圖，照耀著文件，照耀著辦公桌，桌前辦事員正沾濕了食指，翻閱著無窮無盡信件

往來的文件夾；要么在一個客廳，壁爐的火光閃爍著，路燈的燈光窺射進來，光線在這個隱私空間彌漫，映照出扶手椅、書信、瓷器、嵌花桌子，還有一個女人的身影，她一匙匙準確地量著茶水，算出準確的數(shù)字；這茶—她望著門，好像聽到樓下門鈴聲，聽到有人問，她在嗎？

第二部分：漢譯英（50分）

A Small Incident(Excerpt)

Lu Xun

Six years have slipped by since I came from the country to the capital.During that time the number of so-called affairs of state I have witnessed or heard about is far from small, but none of them made much impression.If asked to define their influence on me, I can only say they made my bad temper worse.Frankly speaking, they taught me to take a poorer view of people every day.One small incident, however, which struck me as significant and jolted me out of my irritability, remains fixed even now in my memory.It was the winter of 1917, a strong north wind was blustering, but the exigencies of earning my living forced me to be up and out early.I met scarcely a soul on the road, but eventually managed to hire a rickshaw to take me to S-Gate.Presently the wind dropped a little, having blown away the drifts of dust on the road to leave a clean broad highway, and the rickshaw man quickened his pace.We were just approaching S-Gate when we knocked into someone who slowly toppled over.It was a grey-haired woman in ragged clothes.She had stepped out abruptly from the roadside in front of us, and although the rickshaw man had swerved, her tattered padded waistcoat, unbuttoned and billowing in the wind, had caught on the shaft.Luckily the rickshaw man had slowed down, otherwise she would certainly have had a bad fall and it might have been a serious accident.She huddled there on the ground, and the rickshaw man stopped.As I did not believe the old woman was hurt and as no one else had seen us, I thought this halt of his uncalled for, liable to land him trouble and hold me up.“It’s all right,” I said.“Go on.”

He paid no attentionbut set down the shafts, took the old woman's arm and gently helped her up.“Are you all right?” he asked.“I hurt myself falling.”

I thought: I saw how slowly you fell, how could you be hurt?

Putting on an act like this is simply disgusting.The rickshaw man asked for trouble, and now he’s got it.He’ll have to find his own way out.But the rickshaw man did not hesitate for a minute after hearing the old woman's answer.Still holding her arm, he helped her slowly forward.Rather puzzled by his I looked ahead and saw a police-station.Because of the high wind, there was no one outside.It was there that the rickshaw man was taking the old woman.Suddenly I had the strange sensation that his dusty retreating figure had in that instant grown larger.Indeed, the further he walked the larger he loomed, until I had to look up to him.At the same time he seemed gradually to be exerting a pressure on me which threatened to overpower the small self hidden under my fur-lined gown.江西省第二屆英語翻譯大賽決賽特等獎（第一名）獲獎作品選登

一件小事（節(jié)選）

魯 迅

我從鄉(xiāng)下跑到京城里，一轉(zhuǎn)眼已經(jīng)六年了。其間耳聞目睹的所謂國家大事，算起來也很不少；但在我心里，都不留什么痕跡，倘要我尋出這些事的影響來說，便只是增長了我的壞脾氣，——老實說，便是教我一天比一天的看不起人。

但有一件小事，卻于我有意義，將我從壞脾氣里拖開，使我至今忘記不得。

這是民國六年的冬天，大北風刮得正猛，我因為生計關(guān)系，不得不一早在路上走。一路幾乎遇不見人，好容易才雇定了一輛人力車，叫他拉到S門去。不一會，北風小了，路上浮塵早已刮凈，剩下一條潔白的大道來，車夫也跑得更快。剛近S門，忽而車把上帶著一個人，慢慢地倒了。

跌倒的是一個女人，花白頭發(fā)，衣服都很破爛。伊從馬路上突然向車前橫截過來；車夫已經(jīng)讓開道，但伊的破棉背心沒有上扣，微風吹著，向外展開，所以終于兜著車把。幸而車夫早有點停步，否則伊定要栽一個大筋斗，跌到頭破血出了。

伊伏在地上；車夫便也立住腳。我料定這老女人并沒有傷，又沒有別人看見，便很怪他多事，要自己惹出是非，也誤了我的路。

我便對他說，“沒有什么的。走你的罷！”

車夫毫不理會，——或者并沒有聽到，——卻放下車子，扶那老女人慢慢起來，攙著臂膊立定，問伊說：

“你怎么啦？” “我摔壞了?！?/p>

我想，我眼見你慢慢倒地，怎么會摔壞呢，裝腔作勢罷了，這真可憎惡。車夫多事，也正是自討苦吃，現(xiàn)在你自己想法去。

車夫聽了這老女人的話，卻毫不躊躇，仍然攙著伊的臂膊，便一步一步的向前走。我有些詫異，忙看前面，是一所巡警分駐所，大風之后，外面也不見人。這車夫扶著那老女人，便正是向那大門走去。

我這時突然感到一種異樣的感覺，覺得他滿身灰塵的后影，剎時高大了，而且愈走愈大，須仰視才見。而且他對于我，漸漸的又幾乎變成一種威壓，甚而至于要榨出皮袍下面藏著的“小”來。

江西省第二屆英語翻譯大賽決賽特等獎

譯文：

A Small Incident(Excerpt)Lu Xun It has been six years since I came to the capital from the country.The so-called affairs of state during that time which I had seen or heard about did amount to many, albeit with no visible trace left in my heart.Speaking of their influence on me, they only exacerbated my ill temper.To be honest, they made me more and more ignorant of others day by day.One small incident, however, which bore great significance to me, dragged me out of my ill temper and remains forever in my memory.It was a winter in the sixth year of the Republic of China, the north wind was blowing violently.For the sake of making a living, I had to go out early when there was barely a person in sight on the road.Finally I managed to hire a rickshaw and told him to go towards the door S.Soon the wind blew less fiercely, while dust on the road was swept clean, leaving a smooth road ahead.So the rickshaw man ran faster.As we were approaching the door S, all of a sudden, a person ran into our rickshaw and gradually fell down.It was a grey-haired woman, dressed in ragged clothes.She suddenly walked towards us from the roadside.Though the rickshaw man had gone out of her way, her ragged waistcoat was unbuttoned, which stretched out in the wind and caught on the handle bar.Fortunately, the rickshaw man had taken early action, otherwise the old lady would certainly fell down and get seriously hurt.She was lying there.The rickshaw man stopped.I was sure that she was not hurt and there was no witness then, so I complained of his being so “helpful”.If he had made a fuss, it would have wasted my time as well.So I said to him: “It’s no big deal.Let’s go.”

Totally regardless of my words,(or simply not having heard it,)he let go of the rickshaw, and helped the woman stand on her feet.Holding her arm, he asked: “Are you OK?”

“Not well.”

I watched her slowly falling down, how could she possibly get hurt? “She is pretending!” I thought to myself, “How contemptible it is!” The rickshaw man was being so “helpful” that he was troubling the trouble.I would leave him alone.Upon hearing the woman’s words, the rickshaw man made no hesitation.He was still holding her arm and they walked ahead step by step.Feeling a bit confused, I looked ahead.There was a patrolling police station, where nobody was outside in such a violent wind.The two were moving towards that place, surely.At that moment, a strange sensation seized me: his dusty figure suddenly became mighty.The further they walked, the mightier it seemed.In the end I had to look up to him.What he meant to me gradually became a pressure, a kind of pressure massive enough to overshadow “the little myself” beneath the garments.Street Haunting: A London Adventure(Excerpt)

Virginia Woolf

No one perhaps has ever felt passionately towards a lead pencil.But there are circumstances in which it can become supremely desirable to possess one;moments when we are set upon having an object, an excuse for walking half across London between tea and dinner.As the foxhunter hunts in order to preserve the breed of foxes, and the golfer plays in order that open spaces may be preserved from the builders, so when the desire comes upon us to go street rambling the pencil does for a pretext, and getting up we say: “Really I must buy a pencil,” as if under cover of this excuse we could indulge safely in the greatest pleasure of town life in winter — rambling the streets of London.How beautiful a London street is then, with its islands of light, and its long groves of darkness, and on one side of it perhaps some tree-sprinkled, grass-grown space where night is folding herself to sleep naturally and, as one passes the iron railing, one hears those little cracklings and stirrings of leaf and twig which seem to suppose the silence of fields all round them, an owl hooting, and far away the rattle of a train in the valley.But this is London, we are reminded;high among the bare trees are hung oblong frames of reddish yellow light — windows;there are points of brilliance burning steadily like low stars — lamps;this empty ground, which holds the country in it and its peace, is only a London square, set about by offices and houses where at this hour fierce lights burn over maps, over documents, over desks where clerks sit turning with wetted forefinger the files of endless correspondences;or more suffusedly the firelight wavers and the lamplight falls upon the privacy of some drawing-room, its easy chairs, its papers, its china, its inlaid table, and the figure of a woman, accurately measuring out the precise number of spoons of tea which —— She looks at the door as if she heard a ring downstairs and somebody asking, is she in?

漫步街區(qū)：一次倫敦之旅（節(jié)選）

弗吉尼亞·伍爾夫

或許不曾有人對一支鉛筆求之不得欣喜不已，但是我們卻總有占有某物的欲望之火熊熊燃燒的時候，我們卻總有決心得到一個物品，以作為我們茶余飯后漫步倫敦的借口的時候。正如獵狐者為了狐貍生生不息的繁衍而打獵，正如高爾夫球運動者為了保護廣闊空曠的土地免遭建設(shè)者的蹂躪而打球一樣。當漫步街區(qū)的欲望不期而至，買鉛筆只不過是一個借口罷了。于是我們起身立之，喃喃自語道：“我確實必須要去買一支鉛筆?！彼坪踉谶@冠冕堂皇的借口之下，我們可以盡情地沉溺在冬日城鎮(zhèn)生活的愉悅愜意中——閑庭漫步于倫敦街區(qū)。

倫敦街區(qū)的景色真是美不勝收??！光芒溫柔地照耀在島嶼上，悠長的小樹叢安靜地隱沒在黑暗中。街道一旁幾顆樹木零星地生長著，周圍草木叢生綠意盎然。夜幕在這里靜靜地降臨，雙手合抱，安然入睡。當你路過鐵軌旁的時候，你可以聽到那細碎的哐啷聲，伴著風中枝葉的搖擺聲聲作響，宛如田野的靜謐般撲面而來。一只貓頭鷹聲聲呼喚，遠處一輛火車緩緩駛過，在山谷中格格作響，久久回蕩。但是我們一次次的被提醒，這里是倫敦??！那高懸于稀疏的樹木之間，放射著淺紅微黃光芒的方形框架——只不過是窗戶罷了；那些宛如低空星辰般耀眼奪目、異彩紛呈的光點——只不過是電燈罷了；那默默承載著倫敦、展現(xiàn)著她的靜穆的空曠大地——只不過是倫敦廣場罷了。鱗次櫛比的辦公室和房屋在此拔地而起。此時此刻，強烈的燈光正照耀著各式各樣的地圖，照耀著紛至沓來的文件，照耀著一張張桌子，桌旁的小職員們正用濕漉漉的手指書寫著無窮無盡的信件。那閃爍的燈光肆無忌憚地彌漫在某間畫室里，照亮了那簡陋的椅子，厚厚的紙張，精美的瓷器，嵌飾的桌子，也照亮了一個女子的身影，她正精確地量著茶葉的匙數(shù)——而此時她朝門望去，仿佛聽到樓下傳來一陣鈴聲，一個人正輕聲問道：“她在嗎？”