第一篇：口譯unit two

Unit Two 招待口譯Interpreting for Reception Service 2-1 機場迎賓Greeting at the Airport A：先生，請問您是從倫敦來的泰萊克教授嗎？

Excuse me, sir;is this Prof.Tallack from London? B：Yes, I'm George Tallack from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.You must be Miss Dai, if I'm not mistaken.是的，我是倫敦大學(xué)亞非學(xué)院的喬治·泰萊克。我要是沒認錯的話，您一定是戴小姐？ A：是的，我叫戴嘉佳，海通人力資源部經(jīng)理。泰萊克教授，我一直在此恭候您的到來。

Yes, I'm Dai Jiajia, manager of Human Resources, the Haitong Group.I have been expecting you, Prof.Tallack.B：Thank you for coming to meet me at the airport.This is a fantastic airport, absolutely one of the top-notch internation airports.謝謝您來機場接我。這個機場太美了，絕對是頂尖的國際機場。

A：我很高興能在我的家鄉(xiāng)接待您。人人都說這是個一流的現(xiàn)代化國際機場。歡迎，歡迎。我們非常高興您能成行啊，非常感激您不辭辛勞，在百忙中抽空來我海通指導(dǎo)。

I'm very glad to have the pleasure of meeting you in my hometown.This is indeed a first-class international airport, as everybody says so.You're welcome.We're very happy that you made it in spite of the tiring trip.We're very grateful that you took time from your busy schedule and came to Haitong to give us advice.B：I've long been expecting to learn about the famous Haitong Group.I really appreciate this opportunity, which is also an opportunity for me to learn about Chinese enterprises at a close distance.我一直希望能真正了解赫赫有名的“海通集團”，你們也給了我近距離了解中國企業(yè)的機會，我感激不盡。

A：一路可好？十幾個小時的飛行很辛苦啊。

How was the trip? It must be very tiring, flying for more than 10 hours.B：Not too bad.But we were later than expected.Our plane delayed taking off as we ran into a storm.We were held up for several hours at the airport, waiting for the storm to clear up.But we had good flying weather and we enjoyed a good attending service, of course.還可以，但班機延誤了，下了暴雨，我們只得在機場等了幾個小時，天氣轉(zhuǎn)好后才起飛。但飛行途中的天氣還不錯，服務(wù)也很好。

A：嗯，長途施行之后您一定很累了，您還得倒時差呢。行李都齊了，我們直接回賓館吧。

Well, you must be very tired after the long trip, and you have to get over the jet-lag.We have got all the luggage, haven't we? Let's drive directly to the hotel.B：Yes, I'm a bit tired.I'm very bad with a jet-lag.But I'll be all right in a couple of days.是的，我是有點累了。我倒時差很慢，但兩天后自然就恢復(fù)了。

A：好的，先回賓館下榻，好好休息一下。明天不必早起。明天的安排是這樣的，我們中午設(shè)宴為您洗塵，下午會見集團總裁，晚上我們?nèi)タ匆粓鲭s技表演，典型的中國雜技。不知泰萊克教授意下如何？

Good.We'll take you to the hotel for a good rest.You don't have to get up early tomorrow.Here's the schedule for tomorrow.We'll host a reception lunch in your honor.And then you'll meet with Chairman of the Board in the afternoon.We'll take you to an acrobatic show in the evening, a typical Chinese acrobatic show.How do you like that, Prof.Tallack? B：I like that.I've heard Chinese people are very friendly and hospitable.You're very considerate, Miss Dai.I'll soon be spoiled, I'm afraid.太好了。中國人友善好客，我早有好聞。戴小姐考慮得很周到，過不了幾天我便會被寵壞了。

A：我們希望您在這里過得愉快，希望您與我海通集團合作愉快。東西齊了，車已在外面等候，我們走吧。

I hope you'll have a pleasant stay here, and enjoy happy collaboration with the Haitong Group.I think we've got everything.Our car is waiting outside.Shall we go now? B：Sure.好的。

2-2 賓館入住Hotel Accommodation A：下午好，歡迎光臨和平飯店。需要服務(wù)嗎，先生？

Good afternoon.Welcome to the Peace Hotel.May I help you, sir? B：Yes, I'd like to check in, please.是的，我要登記住宿。

A：好的，先生，請問尊姓大名？您有沒有預(yù)訂房間？

Certainly, sir.May I have your name, please? Do you have a reservation with us, sir? B：Yes, it's Robert King.I suppose somebody made the reservation for me.是的，我叫羅伯特·金。我已請人代為預(yù)訂房間了。

A：請稍等，我查一下預(yù)訂記錄??喔，讓您久等了，先生。不過，恐怕這時查不到您的預(yù)訂記錄。您是在哪里預(yù)訂的？有確認函嗎？

Just a moment, please.I'll check our reservation record...Oh, thank you for waiting,sir.But I'm afraid we have no record of your reservation.Where was it made? Do you have a confirmation letter? B：That's very strange.I made the reservation about 10 days ago, through a travel agency at home.But I don't have the confirmation letter with me.What I have with me is a copy of the itinerary.Is there any problem with the accommodation for just two days?

這就怪了。我是在10天前請國內(nèi)的一家旅行社代為預(yù)訂的。我沒有帶確認函來，我只帶了一張復(fù)印的行程表。我在這里只住兩天行嗎？

A：別著急，我查一下有沒有空房間。太好了，我們還有一個雙人間，另外還有一套豪華套房，都沒有人入住。不知您要哪一套？

Just a minute, please.I'll check vacancies.Very good, I got it.We have a double room, and there's deluxe suite available.Which one do you prefer? B：Thanks a lot.I prefer the double room.How long can I keep it? And is it a regular rate with no extra charge?

太感謝了，我要那個雙人間吧。我可以住多久呢？不會加價吧？

A：很好，先生，請登記吧。我們不多收費，人往最后一套豪華套房您還可以享受8折優(yōu)惠價呢。

Very good, sir.Will you register here, please? No, there's no extra charge.Actually, you would have a good rate with 20% off on the last deluxe suite.B：The double room is fine.Is there any service that I need to know?

雙人間可以了，我想知道酒店提供什么服務(wù)。A：當然啰。請問您有什么要求嗎？

Certainly, sir.May I know if you have anything in particular? B：Yes.I'd like to have a 7 o'clock morning call, breakfast sent up to my room, shirts and pants laundered, some documents photocopied, and express mail sent out, and something like that.好呀，早上7點鐘叫醒，早餐送我房間，襯衫、褲子需要洗熨，文件需要復(fù)印，一封郵件需要快遞，諸如此類的事情需要幫忙。

A：沒問題呀，請分別撥電話給總臺、餐飲部、洗熨部、商務(wù)中心就可以了。您也可以直接與樓層服務(wù)臺聯(lián)系。您還需要什么服務(wù)嗎？

No problem.Just call our Front Desk, Catering Service, Laundry Service, and Business Center accordingly.Or you may contact the Floor Service Desk.Is there anything else I can do for you? B：Just one more thing-do you have any place for fitness exercises? I go to the gym and exercise every day.還有一件事。酒店有沒有什么地方可以健身？我每天都要去健身房運動。

A：有呀，我們有設(shè)施齊全的健身中心，還有教練給輔導(dǎo)呢。我們有許多現(xiàn)代化的健身設(shè)備可滿足客人的不同需求。能讓客人住得稱心，我們很高興。我真的希望你在這里住得愉快，如果還有什么其他要求，請隨時告訴我。

Yes, we have a well-equipped fitness center, with coaches available.We have many modern fitness facilities catering to the different needs of our guests.We would be very pleased make their stay enjoyable.I do hope you enjoy your stay here.If you have any other requirements, please let me know at anytime.B：Very good, thank you very much.太好了，非常感謝。A：不用客氣

You're welcome.2-3 宴會招待Banquet Service A：各位，晚上好，今天我們在此舉辦晚宴，招待各位親愛的朋友和敬業(yè)的專家，慶賀我們的會談取得圓滿成功，我感到非常高興。我特別感謝凱蘭女士大駕光臨。沒有凱蘭女士的最后努力，還不知道現(xiàn)在會怎樣呢，恐怕我們還在談判之中。

Ladies and gentlemen, good evening.It gives me a great pleasure to host the banquet in honor of our dear friends and dedicated experts, and celebrate the successful conclusion of our talks.In particular, I'd like to thank Ms.Kelland for her coming.Without her last-minute effort, we would still be in the middle of nowhere, probably in the middle of negotiations, I'm afraid.B：Thank you, President Li.You all did very well.I just contributed my share.We all maneuvered successfully to get our job done, so to speak.Well, ladies and gentlemen, are we carrying out another round of talk over the dinner?

謝謝李總，你們都做得很好，我只是盡了自己的責任?？梢哉f我們每個人都成功地使我們的使命得以完成。怎么樣，女士們，先生們，難道我們在晚宴上還得談判嗎？

A：今天不談生意，我建議今晚我們只敘友情，當然，我們要盡情享受大自然賜予我們的食物。

No more business talks today.We've already put an end to it.I propose we limit our talk to friendship tonight.And of course, we'll delight ourselves completely in the foods that Mother Nature grants us.B：That's great, the delicious Chinese food!I can't wait to enjoy your food.What are we excepting tonight?

太好了，可口的中國菜，我等不及了。今晚我們有什么好吃的？ A：今晚我們準備了典型的上海餐，希望各位喜歡。

Tonight we have prepared a typical Shanghai meal.I hope you will like it.B：Yes, eat in Shanghai as Shanghai people eat.But, to be frank, I've heard of the famous Cantonese food, Sichuan food, Shandong food, but not that much of Shanghai food.What's special about Shanghai cuisine?

是的，在上海就應(yīng)該吃上海人之所吃。不過，恕我直言，我只聽說過名聲顯赫的粵菜、川菜場和魯菜，對上海菜不太了解。上海菜系有什么特點？ A：上海菜系是中國最年輕的地方菜系，通常被稱為“本幫菜”，有著400多年的歷史。同中國其他菜系一樣，“本幫菜”具有“色、香、味”三大要素，特點是注重調(diào)料的使用、食物的質(zhì)量和菜的原汁原味。

Shanghai cuisine, usually called Benbang cuisine, is the youngest among the major regional cuisines in China, with a history of more than 400 years.Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Benbang cuisine takes “color, aroma and taste” as its essential quality elements.It emphasizes in particular the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors.B：It sounds very appetizing.聽來很能引起食欲。

A：我推薦一道特色點心“南翔小籠”和一道特色菜“松鼠桂魚”，“南翔小籠”是豬肉餡，個小味美，皮薄汁醇。松鼠桂魚色澤黃亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而肉嫩，湯汁酸甜適口。絕對沒錯，你一定喜歡。

I'd like to recommend a special snack known as Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings and a special dish called “Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish”.Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings are small in size, with thin and translucent wrappers, filled inside with ground pork and rich tasty soup.The Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish is yellow-colored and squirrel-shaped, with a crispy skin and tender meat, all covered with a sweet and sour source.They are absolutely tasters' choice.I bet you will like them.B：Oh, I suppose they are the perfect combination of the three elements “color, aroma and taste”.Especially the Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish.I can't figure out how the chef makes the dish look like a squirrel.Shall we add “appearance” to your judgement criteria?

噢，我想它們的確是“色、香、味”三要素的完美結(jié)合，尤其是松鼠桂魚，我想不出來廚師是怎樣把菜做得像個松鼠的。我們在三大評價標準上再添上“形”吧。A：完成正確，可以再加上“形”，那我們就有了第四大要素。菜上來了，別客氣，請隨意。

Absolutely right, plus “appearance”—that makes the fourth element.Ok, here we are.Please help yourself to the dishes.B：The dinner is so delicious.The dishes are complete with color, aroma, taste and appearance.Thank you very much for your invitation and hospitality.I hope I haven't missed anything, have I?

味道太可口了，這些菜的色、香、味、形都很好。謝謝你們的盛情宴請和款待。我希望沒有漏掉什么好吃的吧？

A：很高興您喜歡這里的菜。晚宴才開場，好戲還在后頭呢。女士們、先生們，各位能夠賞光來此共度一年中的這個美好時光，我感到非常榮幸。讓我們共度一年中的這個美好時光，我感到非常榮幸。讓我們共同舉杯，敬祝凱蘭女士健康。

I'm very glad that you like the dishes.But this is just the beginning of the dinner.We have more surprises to expect.Ladies and gentlemen, I consider it a great honor to have you all here for this wonderful time of the year.Let us drink to the health of Ms.Kelland.B：And toast to the health of President Li and to the health of everybody here.Cheers!

也祝李總身體健康，祝在座各位身體健康。干杯！A：為我們永久的友誼與合作，干杯！

To our lasting friendship and cooperation, cheers!

2-4 參觀訪問Getting Around A：您好，歡迎光臨京河高科技園區(qū)。我是園區(qū)的業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)理，我很榮幸能帶大家參觀我們的園區(qū)。不知道各位對哪方面比較感興趣？

Hello, welcome to Jinghe High-Tech Park.I am Operation Manager of the Park.I'm honored to be your guide and take you to tour around the Park.May I know your major interests? B：I'm interested in the general layout of the Park.Would you please give me some idea of its setup?

我對園區(qū)的總布局頗感興趣，您能簡要地介紹一下嗎？

A：很好，我們先來鳥瞰一下整個園區(qū)吧，然后在園區(qū)內(nèi)各處轉(zhuǎn)悠一下，用我們的話來說是“走馬觀花”吧。

Very good.First of all, we'll take a bird's-eye view of the Park.And then we'll look around in the Park and, to use a Chinese metaphor, we'll “cast a passing glance at flowers while riding on horseback”.B：Good idea, but we'll cast a passing glance at flowers while riding on your car...in a more comfortable manner.好主意，不過我們是驅(qū)車觀花，更舒服一些。

A：先生好幽默！我們言歸正傳吧。京河高科技園區(qū)地理位置十分優(yōu)越，背靠首都北京，面向遼闊的渤海，東依京津塘高速公路，驅(qū)車30分鐘可抵達首都國際機場，20分鐘即可抵達首都火車貨運站，一個小時可抵達天津新港。園區(qū)是經(jīng)國務(wù)院批準的國家級開發(fā)區(qū)，享有項目審批權(quán)和優(yōu)惠政策，是一個與國際管理體制接軌的經(jīng)濟區(qū)。

I really like your humor, sir.Now let me come back to our story.Jinghe High-Tech Park enjoys a superior location, with the Capital Beijing as the backdrop, facing the vast expanse of the Bo Sea, bordered by the Jingjintang Expressway to the east.It takes only 30 minutes to reach the Capital's International Airport, 20 minutes to get to the Beijing Railway Cargo Station, and an hour to arrive at the Tianjin New Harbor.The Park is a national development project approved by the State Council.It is authorized to approve projects with preferential policies, operating under the management system of international standards.B：When was it put to use? Who fuelled its development?

園區(qū)何時啟用，園區(qū)的開發(fā)是由誰投資的？

A：園區(qū)建設(shè)分兩期進行。一期工程占地588公頃，由28個工業(yè)地塊以及研發(fā)、行政和輔助設(shè)施構(gòu)成。二期工程占地525公頃，包括22個工業(yè)地塊。園區(qū)于2000年全面運營，5家國內(nèi)銀行和兩家國外銀行提供了充足的貸款。

The construction of the Park was undertaken in two phases with the first covering 588 acres comprising 28 industrial lots as well as R&D, administrative and support facilities.And the second phase covers an area of 525 acres with 22 industrial lots.The Park went into its full operation in 2000, supported by the generous loans from 5 Chinese banks and 2 overseas banks.B：The Park is well planned and arranged in perfect order.園區(qū)規(guī)劃合理，井井有條。

A：是的，園區(qū)的東側(cè)是高爾夫球場，西邊是月亮河，北側(cè)為寬達一公里的規(guī)劃綠地。園區(qū)的東部是工業(yè)區(qū)，西部是生活區(qū)，中部為公共建筑區(qū)。

Yes, it is.A golf course lies on its east, the Moon River to its west, and a kilometer-wide green belt to its north.Inside the Park, industries cluster in the east and residences concentrate in the west.In-between you find the public service area.B：What do you do to attract direct foreign investment?

你們是以什么方式來吸引外商直接投資的？ A：園區(qū)采取有力措施改善投資環(huán)境，培育新的優(yōu)勢，使其成為華北地區(qū)吸納高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、跨國公司以及大型骨干企業(yè)的樂園。園區(qū)的兩大主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)是信息技術(shù)和現(xiàn)代生物技術(shù)。

The Park Administration takes strong measures to improve the investment environment, to foster new competitive advantages and to make the Park and investment paradise in North China for hi-tech and new-tech companies, multinationals, and large enterprises of pillar industries.The Park's two leading industries are information technology and modern biotechnology.B：Are there any particular requirements that prospective foreign enterprises must meet?

園區(qū)對外企有什么要求嗎？

A：園區(qū)目標產(chǎn)業(yè)的選擇標準是：能加強研發(fā)功能，能使用本地可用技術(shù)資源和材料，能發(fā)展相適應(yīng)的輔助產(chǎn)業(yè)，能與各大學(xué)和政府研究機構(gòu)合作。來自美國、日本、韓國、德國、英國、法國、意大利、加拿大、澳大利亞、荷蘭、挪威等地的跨國公司已在園區(qū)內(nèi)落戶。園區(qū)有著強大的政府支持和完備的高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈。園區(qū)注重產(chǎn)業(yè)、教育和研發(fā)的整合，為引入企業(yè)提供一條龍服務(wù)。

The target industries must meet the Park's selection criteria.That is, they must strengthen research and development function, use locally available technical resources and materials, develop suitable supporting industries, and collaborate with universities and public research institutes.Multinational companies from the United States, Japan, Korea, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Canada, Australia, Holland and Norway have settled down in the Park.The Park enjoys strong government support and has complete high-tech industry, education, and R&D.The Park provides a stream-lined one-stop service for incoming enterprises.B：The physical environment of the Park is wonderful.園區(qū)的環(huán)境真不錯！

A：是的，這也是我們引以為豪的一個方面。園區(qū)堅持走“生態(tài)型開發(fā)”和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的道路。為了確保環(huán)境質(zhì)量，我們始終堅持“以綠引資、以資養(yǎng)綠”的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。園區(qū)綠化率達到45%以上，可謂綠草成茵，綠樹成林，流水潺潺，鳥兒啁啾，空氣清新，四季花香—環(huán)境處處素雅幽靜。

Yes, it is one of the things that we take so much pride in.The Park Administration has been pursuing the policy of ecological conservation and sustainable development.To ensure the quality of the local environment, we stick steadfastly to our development strategy of “attracting investment with a green environment and maintaining a green environment through investment”.As you can see, the Park has a green coverage of more than 45%.It really boasts stretches of green grass, forests of green trees, streams murmuring, birds chirping, air refreshing, fragrant flowers blossoming all year round.The whole environment is enveloped in a peaceful, elegant and relaxing atmosphere.B：You're a real poet.Do you have independent and complete establishments for water and power supply, and for waste treatment?

你真是一位詩人。你們有獨立完備的水電供應(yīng)設(shè)施和垃圾處理設(shè)施嗎？

A：有，園區(qū)有獨立運營的技術(shù)與安保服務(wù)中心，配備有高標準水電測試設(shè)施，為企業(yè)提供可靠、穩(wěn)定、優(yōu)質(zhì)的電力、潔凈水和網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)，以及24小時的安保服務(wù)。

Yes, the Park has an independent techno-support and security service center, which is equipped with high-standard facilities for water and electricity supply and provides the enterprises with reliable, stable and quality power, clean water, internet maintenance services, as well as 24-hour security service.B：That's wonderful.太棒了。

Sentences in Focus 1.This is a fantastic airport, absolutely one of the top-notch international airports.這個機場太美了，絕對是一個頂尖的國際機場。

2.I'm very bad with a jet-lag.But I'll be all right in a couple of days.我倒時差很慢，但兩天后自然就恢復(fù)了。

3.I'd like to have a 7 o'clock morning call, breakfast sent up to my room, laundry done, some documents photocopied, an express mail sent out, and something like that.我要早上7點鐘叫醒，早餐送我房間，衣服要洗熨，文件要復(fù)印，郵件要快遞，諸如此類的事情需要服務(wù)。

4.We all amneuvered successfully to get our job done, so to speak.可以說我們每個人都成功地使我們的使命得以完成。

5.Let's delight ourselves completely in the foods that Mother Nature grants us.讓我們盡情享受大自然賜予我們的食物吧。

6.我要是沒認錯的話，您一定是從倫敦來的泰萊克教授吧？

You must be Prof.Tallack from London, if I'm not mistaken.7.我是海通集團人力資源部經(jīng)理。

I'm manager of Human Resources, the Haitong Group.8.感激您不辭辛勞，從百忙中抽空來我公司指導(dǎo)。

We're very grateful that you took time from your busy schedule and came to our company to give us advice.9.今晚我們設(shè)宴為您洗塵。

We'll host a reception dinner in your honor this evening.10.我在你們的酒店預(yù)訂了一間雙人間，有確認函。

I have made a reservation for a double room with your hotel.And here's the confirmation letter.11.提前10天預(yù)訂房間可以享受8折優(yōu)惠價。

You will have a good rate with 20% off when you make a reservation 10 days in advance.12.我們有許多現(xiàn)代化的健身設(shè)備可滿足客人的不同需求。

We have many modern fitness facilities catering to the different needs of our guests.13.沒有凱蘭女士的最后努力，現(xiàn)在還不知道怎樣呢，恐怕我們還在談判之中呢。

Without Ms.Kelland's last-minute effort, we would still be in the middle of nowhere, probably in the middle of negotiations, I'm afraid.14.同中國其它菜系一樣，“本幫菜”具有“色、香、味”三大要素，特點是注重調(diào)料的使用、食物的質(zhì)地和菜的原汁原味。

Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Benbang cuisine takes “color, aroma and taste” as its essential quality elements.It emphasizes in particular the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors.15.這些菜絕對是首選，你一定喜歡。別客氣，請隨意。

These dishes are absolutely tasters' choice.I bet you will like them.Please help yourself to the dishes.16.各位能夠賞光來此共度一年中的這個美好時光，我感到非常榮幸。讓我們共同舉杯，祝各位身體健康、事業(yè)有成、闔家幸福。

I consider it a great honor to have you all here for this wonderful time of the year.Let us drink to the health, great career and happy family of everyone present.17.我們先來鳥瞰一下整個園區(qū)吧，然后在園區(qū)內(nèi)各處轉(zhuǎn)悠一下，用我們的話來說是“走馬觀花”。

First of all, we'll take a bird's-eye view of the Park.And then we'll look around in the Park and, to use a Chinese metaphor, we'll “cast a passing glance at flowers while riding on horseback”.18.高科技園區(qū)享有國家授予的項目審批權(quán)和優(yōu)惠政策，是一個與國際管理體制接軌的經(jīng)濟區(qū)域。

The High-tech Park is authorized by the state government to approve projects with preferential policies, operating under the management system of international standards.19.園區(qū)注重產(chǎn)業(yè)、教育和研發(fā)的整合，為引入企業(yè)提供一條龍服務(wù)。

The Park focuses on the integration of industry, education, and R&D and provides a stream-lined one-stop service for incoming enterprises.20.為了確保環(huán)境質(zhì)量，我們始終堅持“以綠引資、以資養(yǎng)綠”的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，園區(qū)綠化率達到45%以上。

To ensure the quality of the environment, we stick steadfastly to our development strategy of “attracting investment with a green environment and maintaining a green environment through investment”.As a result, the Park has a green coverage of more than 45%.

第二篇：口譯詞匯

口譯詞匯

Health and Diseases 衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)

世界衛(wèi)生組織 World Health Organization 衛(wèi)生部 Ministry of health 綜合醫(yī)院 general hospital ?？漆t(yī)院 specialized hospital 兒童醫(yī)院 children’s hospital 產(chǎn)科醫(yī)院 maternity hospital 整形外科醫(yī)院 plastic surgery hospital 精神醫(yī)院mental hospital 腫瘤醫(yī)院 tumor hospital 診所 clinic

醫(yī)院科室

內(nèi)科(internal)medical department 外科 surgical department 婦產(chǎn)科 department of gynecology and obstetrics 小兒科 pediatrics department 急診室 emergency room 掛號處 registration office 住院處admissions office 門診部 out-patient department/ OPD 住院部in-patient department 護理部 nursing department 手術(shù)室 operation room 病房ward 藥房 pharmacy

醫(yī)務(wù)人員

院長 director of the hospital 內(nèi)科醫(yī)生 physician 內(nèi)科主任 head of physician 外科醫(yī)生 surgeon 外科主任 head of surgeon 住院醫(yī)生 resident doctor 主治醫(yī)生 attending doctor 產(chǎn)科醫(yī)生 obstetrician 小兒科醫(yī)生 pediatrician 護士長 head nurse 實習醫(yī)生 intern 救死扶傷 save the dying people and rescue the wounded

疾病

先天性疾病 congenital disease 急性病 acute disease 慢性病 chronic disease 流行病 epidemic disease 職業(yè)病 occupational disease 傳染病 contagious disease 過敏 allergy

小兒麻痹癥 polio 闌尾炎 appendicitis 霍亂 cholera 癌癥 cancer 糖尿病 diabetes

高血壓 high-blood pressure 肥胖癥 obesity

支氣管炎 bronchitis 哮喘 asthma 關(guān)節(jié)炎 arthritis

非典型性肺炎 SARS severe acute respiratory syndrome 流感 influenza

甲型流感 A Influenza 禽流感 bird flu

瘋牛病 mad-cow disease

口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease

手足口病 had-foot-and-mouth disease 塵肺病 black lung disease 狂犬病 rabies 水痘 chickenpox 天花 smallpox 瘧疾 malaria

艾滋病 AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome

治療方法

西醫(yī) western medicine 量體溫 take temperature 量血壓 take blood pressure 驗血 test blood 血型 blood type 胸透 chest X-ray

全身檢查 general check-up 藥房 prescription

開藥 give sb.a prescription 口服 oral administration

外用 external use 中醫(yī)Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)/ alternative 計劃生育 family planning

提倡優(yōu)生優(yōu)育,鼓勵晚婚晚育 advocate healthy pregnancy medicine 針灸 acupuncture and moxibustion 草藥 herbal medicine 拔火罐 cupping 推拿 massage 氣功療法 traditional Chinese breathing exercises 中西醫(yī)結(jié)合 a combination of Chinese and western medicine 保健

保健食品 health food/health-care food 藥酒 medical wine/liquor 人參 ginseng 蜂王漿 royal jelly 疫苗 vaccine 鮮血 donate blood 個人衛(wèi)生 personal hygiene 免疫力 immunity 治愈率 cure rate 發(fā)病率 incidence of a disease 預(yù)防為主 put prevention first

Population and family planning 常住人口 permanent population 流動人口 floating population

盲流 the unemployed migrant people 勞動力 labor force 外來工 migrant worker 臨時工 seasonal worker 人口普查 census

人口基數(shù) population base 人口稠密 densely populated 人口稀少 sparsely populated 人口爆炸 population explosion 人口過剩 overpopulation 出生率 birth rate 死亡率 mortality rate

自然增長率 natural growth rate 人口老化 aging of population 合法婚齡 legal age for marriage 結(jié)婚高峰 marriage boom 生育高峰 baby boom period

and scientific nurture, and encourage late marriage and postponed child-bearing

破除重男輕女習俗 change attitude of viewing sons as better than daughters

多子多福 the more sons, the more blessings 男尊女卑 Man is superior to woman 傳宗接代 carry on the family line

養(yǎng)兒防老 bring up sons to support parents in their old age 避孕 contraception

避孕用品 contraceptives 人工流產(chǎn) abortion 節(jié)育 birth control 產(chǎn)婦 lying-in women

婚前檢查 premarriage health checkings 孕產(chǎn)婦死亡率 maternal mortality rate 嬰兒死亡率 infant mortality rate

節(jié)育率（避孕率）contraceptive prevalence rate 總和生育率 total fertility rate(tfr)平均預(yù)期壽命 life expectancy at birth

每年人口增加數(shù) annual increment of the population 人口基數(shù)大 large population base

平均年增長數(shù) average annual increase 平均年增長率 average annual growth rate 城市化 urbanization

人口流動 movement of population 流動人口 floating population

人口老齡化 the aging of population 更替水平population replacement level 社會保障體系 social security system

農(nóng)村剩余勞力的轉(zhuǎn)移 the transfer of rural surplus labors 正規(guī)的學(xué)校教育 formal school education

到去年年末，中國人口已達到11億8千5百萬，比上一年凈增長1346萬。By the end of last year, the Chinese population had reached 1,185 million, a net increase of 13.34 million from a year ago.計劃生育政策符合中國國情，符合整個國家的利益。The family control policy suits China’s basic conditions and serves the interests of the whole nation.sixth nationwide population census 第六次全國人口普查 door-to-door interviews/door-to-door household survey 入戶摸底調(diào)查

census enumerators 人口普查員 confidentiality agreements 保密協(xié)議

Beijing permanent residency/hukou 北京市常住戶口 household register 戶口登記簿 temporary residence permit 暫住證

local permanent residence permit 長期居住證 mobile population流動人口 aging of population 人口老齡化 demographic dividend 人口紅利

rural left-behind population 農(nóng)村留守人口 urban population 城鎮(zhèn)人口 rural population 農(nóng)村人口

functional population zones人口功能區(qū) birth rate/natality rate 出生率 births 出生人數(shù) birth peaks 出生高峰 mortality rate 死亡率

general mortality rate 總死亡率 infant mortality rate 嬰兒死亡率

sex-age-specific death rate 分性別年齡死亡率 mean age at death平均死亡年齡 average length of life平均壽命 natural growth 人口自然增長

NPG(negative population growth)人口負增長 ZPG(zero population growth)人口零增長 annual growth rate 年增長率

average annual rate of growth平均年增長率 vital index 出生死亡比例 vital statistics 人口統(tǒng)計

age-sex composition 年齡性別組成 age structure 年齡結(jié)構(gòu) age group 年齡組

expectation of life平均預(yù)期壽命

rejuvenation of population 人口年輕化 sex ratio 性比率

sampling survey 抽樣調(diào)查 random sampling 隨機抽樣 questionaire 調(diào)查表 place of birth 出生地 date of birth 出生日期 sampling error 抽樣誤差 migration 遷居

emigration 遷出、移居國外 immigration 遷入、移居入境 migrant 移民

internal migration 國內(nèi)遷移 migration rate 遷移率

Education and Talents

School Personal and organs

小學(xué)一、二年級學(xué)生 a primary school student in Grade One/ a second-grade pupil

中學(xué)初

一、高三學(xué)生 a(secondary school)student in Junior One/ Senior Three

一年級大學(xué)生 freshman 二年級大學(xué)生 sophomore 三年級大學(xué)生 junior student 四年級大學(xué)生 senior student

研究生 a graduate student/ a postgraduate student 向某人授予學(xué)位 confer a degree on sb.走讀生 a day student/ a non-resident student 應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生 graduating student 學(xué)生會 the students’ union

班主任 the teacher in charge of the class/ the Head Teacher of the class

訪問學(xué)者 a visiting scholar 碩士生導(dǎo)師 tutor

博士生導(dǎo)師 supervisor/ adviser 院士 academician

兩院院士 academician of Chinese Academy of Science and Chinese Academy of Engineering

School activities

教書育人 impart knowledge and educate people

學(xué)生交付 alleviate/ lighten the burden of the students 教學(xué)大綱 the reaching program/ syllabus 批改學(xué)生的卷子 to correct students’ papers 期中考試 the mid-term exam

我們語法測試了 We took a test in/ on grammar.口試、筆試 oral exam/ written exam 給考卷打分 to mark the papers

他正忙于畢業(yè)設(shè)計、寫論文 He is busy with his graduation project/ paper

文憑、畢業(yè)證書 a diploma/ a graduation certificate 學(xué)生證 the student’s identity card 補考 make-up exam

學(xué)校紀律 school discipline

獎狀、獎勵證書 a certificate merit 他曠了一節(jié)課 He cut a class.他逃學(xué) He cut school.他被學(xué)校開除了 He was expelled from school.他擅自曠課 He was absent from school without leave.給他一個警告處分 give him a disciplinary warning 學(xué)費，書費 tuition/ money spent on books

Schools, universities and subjects 托兒所 a nursery 幼兒園 a kindergarten 北大附中 Middle School attached/ affiliated to Peking University 大專 a junior college 高等院校 institutions of higher education/ higher learning 重點、非重點大學(xué) a key/ a non-key university 成人夜校 a night school/ an evening school for adults 函授學(xué)校 a correspondence school 遠程教育 distance education/learning 專升本 upgrade from associate degree to bachelor’s degree 中等專業(yè)學(xué)校 a secondary specialized school 技工學(xué)校 a technical school 職業(yè)學(xué)校 a vocational school 普及初等、中等教育 achieve universal primary/ secondary education 義務(wù)教育 compulsory school 聾啞學(xué)校 a school for deaf-mutes 幼兒師范學(xué)校 a school for kindergarten teachers 護士學(xué)校 a nursing school 舞蹈學(xué)校 a dancing school 戲劇學(xué)校 a drama school 文科大學(xué) universities of liberal arts 理工科大學(xué) universities of science and engineering 必修課 compulsory class 選修課 optional/ elective class 招生簡章 prospectus/ enrolment catalogue 準考證 exam admission card

Hot issues in educations 普及九年制義務(wù)教育 make the nine-year compulsory education universal 民辦學(xué)校 schools run by non-governmental sectors 自學(xué)考試 examination for self-taught students 學(xué)分制 credit system 應(yīng)試教育 exam-oriented education

素質(zhì)教育 quality-oriented education 實踐能力 practical ability

大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè) university students start up their own business 自費留學(xué) self-funded study abroad

海外留學(xué)人員 Chinese students and scholars studying abroad

托福熱降溫了 the TOEFL fever has cooled down.考研 take part in the entrance examination for graduate/ postgraduate schools

考研熱 craze for graduate school

大專生 a junior college student;associate-degree student 在職博士生 an on-the-job doctorate

碩博連讀 a continuous academic project involves postgraduate and doctoral study

同等學(xué)力 have the same educational level 雙學(xué)位 double degree

特困生 the most needy student

擔任系學(xué)生會干部 serve as an official of the departmental school union

擔任校學(xué)生會宣傳部部長 be the Head of the Publicity Department of the university’s student union

通過大學(xué)英語四級考試 pass the College English Test Band 4

獲六級證書 obtain a certificate of CET-6

被評為“三好學(xué)生” be cited as “three-good student” 獲三等獎學(xué)金 be awarded the third-class scholarship 召開家長會 to hold a parent-teacher meeting

雙向選擇 two-way selection(with employers and graduating students choosing each other in a job market)

世界觀，人生觀，價值觀 world outlook/ outlook on life/ outlook on values

陶冶情操 cultivate taste and temperament

因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude 知識經(jīng)濟 knowledge economy 知識密集 knowledge intensive 偽科學(xué) pseudo-science

招生就業(yè)指導(dǎo)辦公室 enrollment and vocation guidance office

人才流失 brain drain

人才交流 talents exchange 職業(yè)培訓(xùn) job training

211工程 211 Project for higher education

科教興國 rejuvenate China through science and education 復(fù)合型人才 inter-disciplinary talent 勤工助學(xué) work-study 師資力量 the quality of teaching staff 品學(xué)兼優(yōu) excellent in character and learning

經(jīng)濟類

1.出租車起步價 flag down fare 2.法定準備金率 required reserve ratio 3.實體經(jīng)濟 real economy 虛擬經(jīng)濟 fictitious economy 4.反盜版 anti-piracy

知識產(chǎn)權(quán) intellectual property rights 5.出口退稅 tax rebates

人民幣升值 the yuan’s appreciation 6.信貸緊縮 credit crunch

次貸危機 subprime mortgage rate 最優(yōu)惠貸款利率 prime rate 7.經(jīng)濟適用房 economically affordable house 8.安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents 9 住房保障制度 housing security system 10.大宗交易系統(tǒng) block trading system 競價交易系統(tǒng) bid trading system 11.暴利稅 windfall tax 12.從緊的貨幣政策 tight monetary policy 13.寬松的貨幣政策 easy monetary policy 14.審慎的財政政策 prudent fiscal policy 15.油價飆升 oil prices surge 16.原油價飆升 crude oil prices surge 17.石油輸出國組織 organization of the petroleum exporting countries(OPEC)18.原油儲備 crude oil stockpiles 19.輕質(zhì)原油 light sweet crude 20.使人均GDP翻兩番 to quadruple per capita GDP 21.股權(quán)收購、股權(quán)投資 stake purchase;take stakes 22.房屋中介 letting agent 保險經(jīng)紀人 insurance agent 地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀人 estate agent 23.直銷 direct selling 傳銷 pyramid selling 24.吃回扣 to take/receive/get kickback 25.洗錢 money laundering 26.透支 overdraft 27.股市牛年 bullish year 28.上市子公司 listed subsidiary

29.海關(guān)稅收 customs revenue 30.稅收減免 tax break 31.貨幣升值 revaluation

32.貨幣經(jīng)紀人 money broker 33.起征點 cutoff point 34.暴發(fā)戶；新貴 upstart

35.養(yǎng)老保險 endowment insurance 36.解雇金 severance pay 37.勾銷債款 write off 38.職員總數(shù) headcount 39.逃稅 tax evasion

40.公開募款 initial public offering

41.戰(zhàn)略石油儲備 strategic petroleum reserve 42.基準點，衡量標準 benchmark 43.出口補貼 export subsidy 44.反托拉斯 anti—trust

45.資產(chǎn)負債表 balance sheet 46.貨存，庫存量 inventory 47.反傾銷 antidumping

48.不足，赤字，差額 shortfall

49.美國聯(lián)邦儲備系統(tǒng) Federal Reserve 50.資本凈值 net worth

香爐 incense burner 八仙桌 square table

王母娘娘 the Queen of Heaven 銀河 the Milky Way

因公殉職 perish in the line of duty 藥檢；興奮劑檢查 doping test 壓力鍋 pressure cooker

終點裁判員 finishing [placing] judge 救生衣 life vest

泄洪 release flood waters 代理市長 acting mayor 槍支管控 gun control 擱淺 run aground 馬賽克 digital mosaic

第三篇：口譯學(xué)習心得

學(xué)習口譯的小結(jié)

學(xué)習口譯課程的收獲：

口譯課程對于我們是一個全新的挑戰(zhàn)，初接觸時覺得過程甚是艱難。經(jīng)過一個學(xué)期的學(xué)習與磨合，我在聽譯方面能的能力有了些提高，雖然事實上還只是知道了些皮毛而已。

從口譯的基本理論知識上，明白了什么是口譯、口譯的特點、口譯的類型等等；從課堂上的練習上，聽辨信息能力、辨音能力也得到了提高；從老師教授的學(xué)習方法上，明白了如何進行口譯記憶與記錄口譯筆記等。所授所學(xué)十分的豐富，可實際的接受能力又是因人而異的。

個人在口譯學(xué)習上的問題：

首要的問題是聽力，這是我的弱項之一。課堂一直都在訓(xùn)練，畢竟時間有限。知道這只能是個人的問題。老師也只能耳提面命，要加強這方面的訓(xùn)練呀。因此也常常覺得對老師有種愧疚感。

第二，記憶方面。聽的時候，腦子要記，筆頭也要記。對于手腦平衡思維不夠的，還真是個大麻煩。

第三，則是翻譯。在聽的時候，所有接受到的信息，需要在短時間安內(nèi)經(jīng)過邏輯思維，以清晰的語言組織出來。這需要有較好的母語表達能力以及廣博的知識?？偠灾@是個復(fù)雜的過程?？谧g對口譯工作者的要求很高。扎實的語言基礎(chǔ)、較強的記憶力、較好的表達能力、良好的心理素質(zhì)等都是口譯員應(yīng)該具備的素質(zhì)。

建議；

一、避免制造緊張的氛圍，因為會導(dǎo)致同學(xué)們的思維混亂，口齒不清。也需要提高同學(xué)們的心理素質(zhì)。

二、可以設(shè)置口譯模擬。讓同學(xué)們互相合作。在犯錯誤的過程中，我們會學(xué)會思考，進而容易接受。

作為個人，也許將來我不是從事口譯員的工作，我相信今天所學(xué)的知識在潛移默化中對我是很有助益的。在今后，我會加強對自身的管理，為將來的可能口譯機會做準備。

謝謝老師！

第四篇：口譯學(xué)習方法

各位大家好

我就是jacky，那個帖子《我如何用一年考上歐盟口譯司》一文的作者。我一直都想把這種系統(tǒng)的方法能夠通過一個很好的方式傳遞給其他人，讓更多的人找到夢想，發(fā)現(xiàn)真諦。所以，我和朋友們一起集中智慧，起草了下面的這個操作的原則和程序，算作是一次大型的免費口譯培訓(xùn)，希望你能夠看懂，如果有什么問 題，可以回帖，如果沒有，就可以直接開始了，一共六個月的進程，如果你能嚴格執(zhí)行下來，考上二級口譯應(yīng)該沒問題 1 分為6個不同的階段，也就是6個月，到什么階段，達到什么程度 2 在論壇上法帖，監(jiān)督自己學(xué)習，也接受別人的監(jiān)督，3 完成了一個階段，給負責人發(fā)郵件，才可以收到下一階段的學(xué)習指示，所以大家必須要學(xué)習后在論壇上發(fā)帖，證明你每天都在學(xué)習，我們的方法，只能提供給真正熱愛的朋友。4 辦一個經(jīng)驗口譯員解答專欄。稍候我們會開通這個服務(wù) 7 有關(guān)學(xué)習的具體進程：

第一個月: 模仿新聞1h + 新聞精聽 2h 基本上聽新聞同類話題可以大致理解

第二個月：（該月學(xué)習計劃將在前一個計劃結(jié)束后給你）新聞聽力一次準確理解大約50-60%，語言能力得到增長，語音有所轉(zhuǎn)變

第三個月：（該月學(xué)習計劃將在前一個計劃結(jié)束后給你）新聞聽力一次準確理解大約70-80%，基本上達到語言的運用有了一定積累，新聞聽力一次準確理解大約80-90%，語言運用比較正規(guī)，能夠用新聞和標準的語言來表述一些復(fù)雜論點，開始筆記練習

第五個月:（該月學(xué)習計劃將在前一個計劃結(jié)束后給你）新聞聽力進入快速階段，越來越好。語言能力繼續(xù)提升，筆記基本上能夠紀錄短時間的文章

第六個月：（該月學(xué)習計劃將在前一個計劃結(jié)束后給你）新聞聽力達到接近2倍速，語言運用比較完整，筆記基本上能夠應(yīng)付一般場合可以參加二級口譯考試，并且通過（嚴格按照所說的程序的情況下）。其中1h，2h，均指一個小時，或者兩個小時，也就是每次學(xué)習時間長度，每天的學(xué)習內(nèi)容是一定的，但是具體什么時候，這個可以自由安排

請大家注意，如果你真地想要緊緊依靠在線學(xué)習成功的話，請務(wù)必按照我們的步驟來做，這些都是我實踐之后得出的一些規(guī)律，希望大家不要倒行逆施。你每天都必須要寫每一個涉及學(xué)習項目的心得，否則的話，我們認為你沒有在學(xué)習。

各個學(xué)習課程的具體程序，以下程序都可在電腦上完成，并且建議使用其中提到的標準表格，所以最好能夠有個便攜式電腦：

標準表格下載：

每日精聽具體程序,時間120：

一）下載新聞資料（包括文本和音頻）

如果你沒有問題了，就可以開始踏上自己孤獨的征服口譯的歷程了！！

進入第一個階段：

第一個月: 模仿新聞1h + 新聞精聽 2h + 實用英語口譯教程 1h篇二：口譯學(xué)習方法 if youre just beginning to explore interpretation as a career choice, the first thing you need to know is that with simultaneous interpretation, youre multitasking like crazy.you listen to what the speaker says, wait a second or two, interpret what they said while at the same time listen to what the speaker says next and remember that so you can interpret that segment correctly when youre done with the current one your working on!thats why a simultaneous interpreter needs at least a 5 minute break for every hour of interpretation.so in order to improve your skills, you need to be able to multitask on a high level.the very first step then is to do something called shadowing.shadowing is repeating what the speaker says word for word in the same language.this will get you used to maintaining the correct delay and will help you listen to what the speaker says while repeating what he/she has just said.the next step is to add another element while your shadowing.this can be something simple like bouncing a ball to yourself or drawing a simple picture while youre shadowing.what this does is get your brain used to doing multiple things at once.the goal is to get to where youre doing things on a subconscious level because if you have to think while you interpret, youll be dead in the water.finally, when you can do multiple things while shadowing(in both languages), its time to add in the actual interpretation.it is a jump to go from shadowing to full-fledged interpretation, but the shadowing part is necessary to help you get a feel for the super-linguistic phenomenon youll encounter in the actual interpretation, such as the speed of different speakers, how much you can delay, and endurance.the great thing about practicing simultaneous interpretation is that you can do it anywhere.while youre driving, tune your radio to talk radio and shadow what the host and callers say.while exercising with your ipod, listen to some podcasts and practice shadowing or interpreting what is being said.shadowing while exercising is definitely multitasking!just remember that even though interpretation is difficult, it is a skill that can be learned after a lot of practice, so if youre willing to stick to it, you will reach your goals.as part of our degree training, we did a couple of interpreter training exercises to get a feel for what it was like to interpret.when we did our training, we would go into a small room, listen to a speech played back on a cassette tape, and use that tape to do whatever exercise we were supposed to do that day, whether it was shadowing, or interpreting(or in my case, a sad, sad excuse for interpreting).the one thing about the tapes, though, was that they were cumbersome.it was hard finding the right spot, you couldnt easily go back and go over a spot you wanted to try again, and it was difficult if you wanted to record yourself trying to interpret because that meant you had to deal with two tapes.well, luckily, the internet(and technology in general)has given interpreters some more convenient tools for simultaneous interpreter training.now you dont have to go to a separate room somewhere and use specialized equipment to at least find out if interpreting is something that you like to do or get more advanced training in.as you can see in the video below, the nearly 9 minute-long press conference is entirely in spanish.簡歷：外交部翻譯室

為美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬及米歇爾、副總統(tǒng)丹奎爾/馬來西亞總理納吉/新加坡總理/英國王子/成思危/曾培炎/數(shù)十位中外部長大使/薩馬蘭奇/羅格/朗朗/以及芮成鋼、王小丫等主持的大型活動做過同傳；曾為北京奧組委近30場新聞發(fā)布會做同傳；擔任廣州2010年亞運會50多場決賽賽后新聞發(fā)布會口譯（與日英、韓英、俄英、阿英譯員進行接力交傳）。(我對這兩個問題的理解。特貼于此，希望對學(xué)習口譯的朋友有所幫助。問1.一篇材料應(yīng)該練到什么程度才算是過關(guān)？

學(xué)生：我比較傾向于細化。常常巴不得把一篇材料中涉及的所有背景知識弄明白，把所有的詞匯都列出來，甚至還會對比較難的文章進行翻譯，覺得只有這樣做才會心安。但這樣一來，進度就會非常慢。而且一篇翻譯過的文章應(yīng)該就不再適合同傳練習了，因為我已經(jīng)知道講者的內(nèi)容，沒有新鮮感了。有人認為可先同傳一遍，聽自己的錄音，然后再對文本進行交傳。但是有時吃得太透不被鼓勵。我現(xiàn)在的搭檔非常非常刻苦，這對我來說是一件求之不得的事情，但是這位同學(xué)似乎更注重于練習時間的長度與材料的篇數(shù)，而對準確度要求不太高。在這個程度的把握上，我有些不知所措。

湯的理解： 1.沒有任何一點疑問了才算過關(guān)，也就是100%吃透。這樣要求看似不合理，實際是必須的，盡管有難度。試想：真正的口譯現(xiàn)場千變?nèi)f化的、無法預(yù)測講話具體內(nèi)容和討論邊界，各種知識永遠不夠用。是不是？所以平時練習應(yīng)該做到都搞透，自己上網(wǎng)、搭檔互助、請教老師（注意：知識面的東西，像海洋，往往老師也不能當面給你答案，所以要在實在無法獲得答案的情況下再請教老師，并給老師解答的時間，比如給其發(fā)郵件，老師解決問題的經(jīng)驗豐富，他或她也可以請教其同事好友，或查閱相關(guān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)或資料，最終也許能給你解答?？傊黄褐屑壙谧g相關(guān)學(xué)習方法

中級口譯考試筆試題型分值一欄 發(fā)布時間：2006年8月21日

中級口譯考試筆試項目一覽表（及格分：150）卷別 序號 題號 1-20 1 第一 階段 1-7 c: listening translation 主觀聽譯 7 30 12 項目名稱 聽力 a：spot dictation 題型 忠實填空

題數(shù) 計分 20 30 比重 % 36 12 40 時間(分鐘)2 3 4 合計

英譯漢 漢譯英

單選 主觀翻譯 主觀翻譯 30 1 1 89 60 50 50 250 24 20 20 100 50 30 30 150 中級口譯考試口試項目一覽表（主觀判斷及格分）

卷別 序號 題號 第二 階段 1 2 1 1-16 項目名稱 口語 口譯

題型 主觀 主觀

題數(shù) 1 16 考試時間（分鐘）

:1.下個月上旬也就是2009年3月14日，我要參加上海市中級口譯筆試部份的考試。聽力我想問題不大，現(xiàn)在我也在聽寫“中口”的聽力資料。閱讀有些問題，我明顯感到時間不夠而且看得有些一知半解，錯誤率挺高。它的要求是在五十分鐘內(nèi)讀6篇文章，平均下來一篇也就留給考生8分鐘左右的時間，而且篇幅很長詞匯量也挺多的。

雖然special english的文章很簡單沒什么難度，但平時我也會買一份shanghai daily 看看，里面的文章也挺好理解的。可為什么“中口”里的文章看得卻令人發(fā)暈，或許是里面存在著許多“因、轉(zhuǎn)、并、比”的邏輯關(guān)系。在您的講座中強調(diào)閱讀也要一字一字“摳”，力求字字懂，句句懂?？煽荚囍挥形迨昼?，時間不允許??！另外新東方教口譯的老師推薦的一種方法是：選重點的讀。也就是跳過“分詞在句首的句子、引語、插入語、例子?..”，只讀專家的話，轉(zhuǎn)折強調(diào)詞以后的句子?..。對此我就比較困惑了，閱讀到底該怎么“讀”，您能否幫我指點一下。2.“中口”考試中漢譯英的考題都是些政治性很強的文章，如：“我國首次月球探測工程的成功，實現(xiàn)了中華民族的千年奔月夢想，并開始了中國人走向深空探索宇宙奧秘的時代，標志著我國已經(jīng)進入世界具有探測能力的國家行列。這是我國推進自主創(chuàng)新、建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國家取得的又一標志性成果，是中華民族在攀登世界科技高峰征程上實現(xiàn)的又一歷史性跨越，是中華民族為人類和平并發(fā)利用外層空間作出的又一重大貢獻。全體中華兒女都為我們偉大祖國取得的這一輝煌成就感到驕傲和自豪！”我現(xiàn)在的水平只能背一背special english里的文章，讓我翻上述這段文字確實有些困難。怎么辦呢？我該如何準備？（提問者：應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生網(wǎng)友，提問時間:2009年03月30日）

答: 長篇巨制的問題，問得好不辛苦！呵呵 做閱讀是很泛泛的了，建立在一定英語水平上才談得上“技巧”，首先，從應(yīng)試的角度，不需要也不可能看通每篇文章。時間有限，先看題目，然后略讀全文，把握主旨，然后到文中找關(guān)鍵字，重點讀和問題相關(guān)的句子，其他的只好掃一眼過去了。如果像你分析的那樣“精讀”，恐怕15分鐘也搞不定。至于翻譯，更是與語言基礎(chǔ)相關(guān)，中級口譯，翻譯并不難的，所以你記住，表達出意思，基本分就有了。政治類經(jīng)濟類的也不難，你會背書，為什么不看翻譯書，那本書上盡是這些與時俱進，開拓創(chuàng)新之類的套話，背出來，問題就解決了。中級口譯不會讓你翻譯類似文言文的，最重要的意

思表達出來，要想翻譯得高分，比聽力閱讀難得多了。長難句如果翻譯有困難，把它拆開，平時要留心英語中老長的句子，多加分析，很快自己就會翻譯的。好吧，加油吧。祝你好運

推薦：

重點閱讀editorial和feature這種文體，文體特點：實效性、爭議性

雜志national geographic 電子光盤discovery 看盤的方法：聽原聲看英文字幕 口試有一定難度，首先你要加強自己的口語和聽力能力，這點是硬的，誰都沒辦法給你提供捷徑。

然后，你要會速記。因為音帶速度很快，一些關(guān)鍵性的詞語很容易漏掉而因此失分，很不值。這里有一點很重要，你要學(xué)會提煉關(guān)鍵詞，把沒用的句子剔除。不然時間會來不及的。最后，就是口譯詞匯的背誦了，因為和常用詞匯不同，比較官方。所以，一定要事先有一定的詞匯量，這樣才不怕聽不懂，說不出。

我就是這么學(xué)口譯的，至于有什么書么。一個是 梅德明教授的教材是最關(guān)鍵的，還有昂立的中口必備是不錯的參考書，建議你去買一本看看。希望我的回答能給你的學(xué)習有所幫助！！

多練,聽原版英語,做真題.第一，去學(xué)一點簡單的速記 第二，多聽多翻多練。

第三，全方面提高自己的英語水平，比如多看英文報紙，原版碟等等。推薦：shanghai star，輕松有趣的一份報紙

把那本口譯書背出來，我就是這么過的。

其它回答(3)多練,聽原版英語,做真題.第一，去學(xué)一點簡單的速記 第二，多聽多翻多練。

第三，全方面提高自己的英語水平，比如多看英文報紙，原版碟等等。推薦：shanghai star，輕松有趣的一份報紙

把那本口譯書背出來，我就是這么過的。

準備四本教材《中級口語教程》，《中級翻譯教程》，《中級口譯教程》，《中級聽力教程》，將上面所有的詞匯全都背上，課文最好也能背上，考試前2個月寫真題，中級挺好過的，祝你考個好成績！

筆譯部分的話，將需要買的那幾本書看一看，其中聽力要多練練，特別是聽譯句子和段落，翻譯那本書比較不錯，要精讀，如果你底子還不錯的話，估計就差不多了，口譯要等筆試過了才報名，到時候在準備吧！加油，好運！

中級口譯口試該如何準備？

本文作者：汪亮 悄無聲息間，上海中高級口譯考試迎來了第十二個年頭，而這十二年也見證了口譯考試從最初的不為人所知，到普遍接受，再到如今 ” 滿城盡報中高口 ” 熱潮的點點滴滴。從歷年中級口譯第二部分的考試情況來看，難度逐年加大。這種難度不僅僅反映在單詞，句型的復(fù)雜程度，而且反映在句子的長度上。此外，考試中對于考生需要掌握的背景知識的深度也是 2000 年之前難以想象的。下面，筆者就結(jié)合在上海新東方中級口譯班上的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗，針對如何備考 2007 年口譯第二階段口試給廣大考生提一些建議，希望能夠?qū)Υ蠹矣兴鶐椭?。第二階段口試共分兩部分。一是三分鐘的英語命題口語，二是四段口譯：二段英譯中、二段中譯英。第一部分，即三分鐘口語，要求考生用英文表達自己對于所給題目的觀點，要求觀點清晰，論據(jù)充足，表達流利，語法正確。從考試的普遍情況來看，說不滿三分鐘是很多考生最終失敗的主要原因。其根源就在于考生平時忽視了對于這個部分的練習，總以為考前背幾個主題方面的句子或者段落就可以解決問題。其實不然。因為口語的內(nèi)容五花八門，包羅萬象，不是簡簡單單背幾個段落就可以的。這需要考生平時長期系統(tǒng)的口語練習。

筆者拙見，考生首先應(yīng)擴充自己的知識面，盡量能夠多閱讀報刊，雜志，多聽多看新聞，把握住最新的時事動態(tài)。原因很明顯，第二部分口試對于時事的考核是非常多的，很多考生其實有不錯的詞匯量和口語表達能力，但是由于對某個主題，尤其是自己平時不太熟悉的主題缺乏了解，導(dǎo)致在考試中出現(xiàn)無話可說的窘境，而其結(jié)果只能是和兩位考官“相顧無言，惟有淚千行?！迸c其考前臨時抱佛腳，不如平時苦煉內(nèi)功。考生可以每天準備一個主題，按照論點，論據(jù)，論證，結(jié)論的步驟來進行闡述，盡量控制在三分鐘以內(nèi)。一般來說，一個月之內(nèi)，就會得到初步的效果。實際上，在考試中，只要考生能夠流利的用英語對一個主題表達一分到一分二十秒鐘的時間就已經(jīng)足夠了。篇四：初級口譯學(xué)習方法

初級口譯學(xué)習方法 佳域通翻譯公司提供

毋庸置疑，學(xué)好英語是非常有重要的，而能夠說英語才是最終目的，譯網(wǎng)天下總結(jié)了一下初級口譯的學(xué)習方法，給初級口譯學(xué)員提供一點參考。

第一、模擬

模擬是最好的提供口語能力的方法之一，通過多模擬電影、電視或以英語為母語的人的語音和語調(diào)來提高自己的口語能力。

第二、朗讀

要想提高口語能力，一定要大聲的把英文讀出來，而且要帶有意識的去模擬母語朗讀也可以說是第二模擬，所以也需要有意識地以磁帶里的語音、語調(diào)去朗讀。在朗讀時，可以把自己的聲音錄下來，認真聽一聽，并進行比較，找出差距，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的弱點。

第三、復(fù)述

復(fù)述是在模擬、朗讀之后的一個再創(chuàng)作的過程，它比背誦要難。可以盡量用自己的話復(fù)述朗讀、聽過的或閱讀過的，也可以完全擺脫原文，組織、創(chuàng)作材料內(nèi)容。對于程度較差的人，可以先復(fù)述原文的中心思想，一句、兩句話即可。然后，由少至多。復(fù)述是在沒有人對話的情況下提高口語最有效的途徑之一。

第四、背誦

練習口語不免背誦一些東西，但很多人不喜歡背誦。不過，背誦一些名篇偶是非常有必要的.基礎(chǔ)較差的人一定要背誦一些常用的句型和表達方式。

第五，堅持用英語寫日記。用英語寫日記無論是對提高口語還是提高英語其他方面的能力都是一個行之有效的好方法

毋庸置疑，學(xué)好英語是非常有重要的，而能夠說英語才是最終目的，譯網(wǎng)天下總結(jié)了一下初級口譯的學(xué)習方法，給初級口譯學(xué)員提供一點參考。篇五：無敵英語口譯學(xué)習方法

用一年時間從六級水平到考上歐盟口譯司！gre詞匯竟然六小時背一遍！un 和美國白宮會議變成2倍速度做泛聽 基本一次聽懂！發(fā)現(xiàn)2.5倍速是人聽力速度反彈極限 目前在練習！我們還有多少借口繼續(xù)墮落呢？？？ 來源： 曹圣瞾的日志

請大家別再留言了 別再加我好友了 太多網(wǎng)友我就看不到自己朋友的新鮮事了！喜歡的話就分享吧！謝謝大家了！很多人喜歡我轉(zhuǎn)載的文章 來加我好友 其實我文章為了分享給更多人都是所有人可見 所以不加我也可以在主頁看到的！

我的網(wǎng)名叫做jacky，大學(xué)在青島市念書，4年，中國海洋大學(xué)的計算機科學(xué)與技術(shù)。我并不象很多人那樣關(guān)注現(xiàn)在的流行，超級女聲，快樂男聲，加油！好男兒，李宇春，張靚穎或者周筆暢，我甚至可能也不知道誰是全國7進6，8進7，我可能還不知道有關(guān)滿城盡帶黃金甲，鞏俐和章子怡的最新消息，可是我卻知道第六輪六方會談的結(jié)果，我也知道中國暴雨洪災(zāi)的后果，受災(zāi)地區(qū)，我還有著一段值得人駐足的一段經(jīng)歷。

畢業(yè)之后工作兩年，辭職孤單一人來到北京準備考研。

當初準備的是北外的高翻學(xué)院，也就是大家俗稱的同傳專業(yè)。但是那時候除了看的是同傳的高薪之外，還有自己提高自己的英語水平。

我一開始，英語程度也就是6級，但是經(jīng)常鍛煉口語，所以交流很流暢。這是我惟一的優(yōu)勢，其他的，沒有工作，計算機專業(yè)，看來都不是什么好事情。可是我有著很多人沒有的一樣?xùn)|西。那就是堅定的毅力。這樣是我后來能夠成功被錄取的最重要的一點。

從那年1月開始，我認真準備，但是當時對于高翻沒有清晰的概念，所以很幼稚的覺得，把一套新東方推薦的60篇文章背誦下來，然后背誦gre詞匯就可以解決問題了。結(jié)果，大概一個月之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)語言運用能力的確有所提高，但是要是參加考試遠遠不夠，因為那時候開始接觸<經(jīng)濟學(xué)家>，發(fā)現(xiàn)根本看不懂。于是在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上瘋狂的搜索和高翻相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，論壇，網(wǎng)站，blog等等，也開始獲得了大量的信息。其中幾個重要的網(wǎng)站在這里推薦一下： 如果你想要找一個最綜合的口譯資料資源練習方法的網(wǎng)站，就去這里看看

（口譯天下/）如果你要考北外，那么究一定要經(jīng)常到北外專門的校內(nèi)網(wǎng)去看看最新的消息，還有很多牛人在哪里發(fā)帖，北外星光： /）

這些是主要的一些論壇，接下來我說自己的努力過程的時候會提高他們的用處

為了能夠清晰明了的說明我自己的努力過程，我把自己針對每一個考試所必需掌握的技能，進行的練習列出來：

英語基礎(chǔ)------中英互譯新概念3，4冊，新東方精選60篇文章，張培基散文50篇，實用口譯教程全部，現(xiàn)代漢英口譯教程，現(xiàn)代漢英口譯教程練習冊，然后熟練背誦，這一共7本書！其實還有很多其他的我背誦了只有2-3遍的，就不想提了。這些書腰背誦至少3-4遍，我自己背誦了大概有10遍左右，之后總結(jié)當中重要的，自己不熟練的句型，詞組等等，要針對自己。

聽力------這個是我自己感到最重要的，為了鍛煉聽力，我找到了普特論壇，并且嚴格的每天跟著一起訓(xùn)練，方法大家都可以在論壇上找到。每天聽寫bbc，因為voa太簡單，大概一個月左右就可以完全聽懂。所以我一直堅持精聽bbc直到那年9月份，我找到了一個軟件，可以把音頻變速，叫做nv player，大家搜索，可以找到并且免費下載，其他的軟件我也嘗試了，但是基本上都還是聲音會失真，但是這個軟件只會加快速度，聲音不會失真。之后我開始把bbc變速聽，變到1。1，1。2，，，最后倒了2倍速，你聽起來這個變速可能沒有什么大不了的，但是當你真正的用這個軟件開始聽的時候，才發(fā)現(xiàn)，就算是從1。1跳到1。2你都會有很多東西突然間就聽不懂了，與此同時，我還每天下載聯(lián)合國網(wǎng)站的會議現(xiàn)場和白宮的會議現(xiàn)場，不斷的變速聽，而且普特論壇上又各種各樣的材料共我選擇，我也在不斷的精聽，精練，倒了10月，我開始精聽bbc2倍速，同時開始了我正式的同傳練習，是的，我已經(jīng)可以進行同傳了，不過都是同傳un的現(xiàn)場，還有白宮的現(xiàn)場，每天都是一個小時左右，大概過了一個月，我開始同傳voa新聞，新聞的同傳，在同傳界是一個忌諱，也就是說沒有人去做新聞同傳，因為信息集中，密度大，速度太快，挑戰(zhàn)太大，但是我很勇敢的接受了挑戰(zhàn)，并且開始堅持每天同傳新聞，因為我發(fā)現(xiàn)un會議和美國白宮的會議太簡單了，我每天都會把un 和美國白宮的會議現(xiàn)場變成2倍速來做泛聽，基本上一次就可以聽懂了。新增國內(nèi)會外會議視頻下載---聯(lián)合國，白宮，英國議會，中國國家新聞辦公室

后來我曾經(jīng)嘗試一次在安南進行的聯(lián)合國的演講錄像，直接進行同傳，基本上對我來說就是放慢鏡頭！每次聽2倍速的作用就顯現(xiàn)出來了，因為最后我發(fā)現(xiàn)基本上90%的安南演講內(nèi)容我都同傳出來了。在此期間，我不但堅持鍛煉同傳新聞voa，并且開始嘗試加速同傳，也就是把新聞變速到1。3倍速同傳，這個的確非常又難度，但是我還是克服了，這需要很多的勇氣還有毅力，很多人會問我，你怎么又這樣的動力，我說，他們都源自我的夢想，一個心中的夢想，希望能夠成為一個語言運用自如的人，運用自己的天分非常自如的人。于是，漸漸的，我到了12月份，已經(jīng)可以同傳voa新聞的1。5倍速了，這個是非常難的，因為速度很快，而你有必須要同時傳譯，但是這些都造就了我非凡的反映速度，還有我穩(wěn)定的心理素質(zhì)，因為，現(xiàn)在我聽人們說話，就真的好像在放慢鏡頭一般。而且12月份的時候我也開始同傳cnn，也是1。5倍速，以及npr，但是bbc我還從來沒有嘗試過，因為bbc我一直都留給自己做每天的精聽 在后來，voa的同傳我就變速倒了1。7倍速了，但是這已經(jīng)是今年的事情了。

第五篇：口譯考試

3.2中國酒店

中國的酒店按照星級標準劃分為一級、二級和三級酒店。

五星級和大多數(shù)的四星級酒店屬于一級酒店。一級酒店的客房配備了全套浴室，冰箱，電話以及衛(wèi)星電視。這些酒店都擁有可以通過中央空調(diào)設(shè)備調(diào)節(jié)氣溫的遙控。其他由酒店提供的附屬設(shè)施包括如商務(wù)中心、會議設(shè)施、美容室、桑拿浴室、外匯和保齡球中心、迪斯科舞廳、游泳池、健身館、飯店、咖啡廳、購物中心以及酒吧等，全天24小時開放。

二級酒店大致包括三星級酒店和一些二星級酒店。其客房設(shè)施和服務(wù)沒有達到一級酒店的標準。不過，旅游團通常更樂意選擇住二級酒店。

說到設(shè)施和服務(wù)，三級酒店看起來跟西方國家的汽車旅館差不多。這些三級酒店的硬件設(shè)施自然比起那些二級酒店來是要差一些。但是，這些酒店的費用只需低于二級酒店價格的一半的價格。因此，也廣受游客的喜歡。

3.3 史蒂夫 福布斯談《福布斯》

我祖父20世紀初來到美國。他離開英格蘭時身上沒什么錢。連他在內(nèi)兄弟姐妹10人，不過他自小就受到很好的教育。像許多人一樣，他也是滿懷憧憬和理想來到美國的。他創(chuàng)辦了《福布斯》雜志，報道那些實干家，那些改變商業(yè)社會的人。

我祖父常說，做生意不是堆積百萬財富，而是為帶來幸福快樂。如今我們講到公司、經(jīng)營，文章中會用到許多數(shù)字，但焦點一直放在人上面。對公司來說，最重要的是人，而不是資產(chǎn)負債表。以前我祖父是這樣看的，我們現(xiàn)在也是這樣看的。

當前的世界信息泛濫，足以將人淹沒，人們迫切需要一本刊物來解讀這些信息，告訴讀者哪些重要，哪些不重要。這就是《福布斯》的價值所在。我們提供額外的視角和判斷。我們從不停留于表面，總想看看公司到底是如何經(jīng)營的，正是當今蕪雜繁多的信息使得《福布斯》日益重要。

3.4 Introduction to an arts and crafts company

Distinguished guests, dear friends,I feel honored to have this opportunity to introduce our company to you through the platform provided by this conference.Founded 15 years ago, we are a company specializing in the design, manufacture and sales of handicrafts.Fifteen years ago our staff numbered 50;now the figure is 1,700.Fifteen years ago we rented a facility covering a floor space of 4,500 square meters;now our own facility covers a floor space of 24,000 square meters.These figures speak loudly and clearly of our success.Our leading products are various architectural exotic European cathedrals, the Empire State Building, the White House, and the Pentagon in the U.S., along with cartoon animal toys and Christmas gifts with a variety of designs.Our designs have become trend setters in the industry.Nowadays, our products are sold worldwide in more than twenty countries including Japan, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, America, the UK, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Germany.They are well received by both local importers and customers.For fifteen years our output value has manifested an annual growth rate of 30%.4.4 Preserve core values of the Lunar New Year

To people of Chinese descent around the world, the Lunar New Year(also called Spring Festival)is undoubtedly the most important festival of the year.Dating back 3,000 years, it celebrates the passing of a peaceful year and welcomes a new year.The reunion dinner, eaten on New Year’s Eve, is the most special, with members of the extended family gathering for the most significant meal of the year.Even the absent members will endeavor to return home in time for it.It underscores the supreme importance of the family in Chinese culture, and aims at strengthening the sense of togetherness and cohesion.The way people celebrate the New Year embodies two important core values.The first value is the sense of family togetherness;members of multi-generation families are all there to have a big reunion dinner.Everyone will follow this custom.The female members are always held responsible for preparing the dinner, and some rich families may take on extra hands.The second value lies in the happy visits mutually made between friends and relatives, a good way to strengthen kinship and friendship.However, economic development has resulted in some changes in lifestyles.After a busy year, people are tired of preparing for the reunion dinner, and would rather hold their reunion dinner in posh restaurants, despite the exorbitant costs.The festival door-to door visits have given way to New Year greetings via telephone or text messages.Some families even go to such extremes as to travel and seek temporary refuge in a hotel so as to avoid being visited.Some tradition-minded people regard the reunion dinner and visits to relatives and close friends during the New Year as core values, without which the holiday would lose much of its significance.Some pessimists contend that, as the popularity of western culture grows, Chinese traditional festivals gradually lose their original meaning and degenerate into commercial festivals like Christmas.The Spring Festival is an important part of the Chinese cultural heritage, and it will continue to be celebrated.The modes of celebration may change, but the core value should be sustained: that of respect for kinship and friendship.5.2 游覽白宮

兩百多年來，白宮作為美國總統(tǒng)、美國政府以及美國人民的標志一直屹立在那里。和這個國家的首都的歷史一樣，白宮的歷史開始于1790年12月。華盛頓總統(tǒng)和城市設(shè)計師皮埃爾·雷芬一起選擇該址作為新的居住地，即現(xiàn)在的賓夕法尼亞大街1600號。

1792年10月，當?shù)谝粔K奠基石造好的時候，白宮的建設(shè)就開始了。盡管華盛頓總統(tǒng)監(jiān)督了白宮的建設(shè)，但是他從未入主白宮。直到1800年，也就是白宮臨近竣工的時候，第一位入主者約翰·亞當斯總統(tǒng)和他的妻子阿比蓋爾搬進了白宮。從那以后，每位入主白宮的總體都會改變原有的裝潢或擺設(shè)，使得白宮以新面貌出現(xiàn)。

白宮有著極其獨特和引人注目的歷史。1814年，白宮曾被付之一炬。1929年，白宮的西翼也曾被縱火。白宮的內(nèi)部全部修復(fù)過。盡管如此，其外圍石墻就是兩百多年前白宮建成時建造的。

在星期二至星期六這段時間的上午，白宮是全面開放的。而星期天和星期一，則不對外開放。所有在白宮內(nèi)的旅游觀光都是免費的。

在游客進入白宮時，通過安全檢查后方可攜帶照相機入內(nèi)。但是，在白宮內(nèi)禁止拍照和錄像。

9.3 Multivariate family planning policy in China

It has been over two decades since China adopted the Family Planning Policy.However, there still exist misunderstandings about this policy.People mistakenly think that China’s Family Planning Policy equals the One Child Policy, which allows

one couple to have only one child.Their impression is that this policy is implemented more strictly in urban areas: in cities where people are better-off, one couple can have only one child, while in the poor rural areas, one couple can have two or three children.Furthermore, they think that the One Child Policy is the cause of gender imbalance.I will now clarify these misunderstandings.As a matter of fact, the policy adopted in the early 1980s is a multivariate policy called the Family Planning Policy, or the fertility policy.Its multivariate nature can be proved by two facts.First, the total fertility rate in China now stands at 1.8, which means there is more than one child per family in most areas.For example, there is generally only one child in a family in urban areas, but two in rural areas, and three in ethnic minority areas.In some areas, like Tibet, there are no restrictions at all on the number of children a family can have.We can tell from this fact that China’s Family Planning Policy varies in accordance with the economic and social development level of different areas.Secondly, China is seeing an unbalanced sex ratio at birth at the moment.The sex ratio at birth refers to the number of boys born per 100 girls born.This is not the same concept as the sex ratio of the total population.The unbalance is not entirely the result of the Family Planning Policy.I would like to cite two interesting examples.My first example is the ROK.In 1988, the sex ratio at birth in the ROK was 114, and the ratio now in China is 117.I believe there is no family planning policy in the ROK.My second example is Singapore, whose sex ratio at birth in1984 was 109.Why is it a common problem in Asia? There are two reasons.The first reason is the influence of traditional culture and ideology, that is, a preference for sons, which poses a great problem for the sex ratio at birth.Second, China’s unbalanced birth ratio is attributable to the poor social security in rural areas.The Chinese government has launched a nationwide Girl Care Project to hamper the rising sex ratio at birth.This project aims to educate the general public to abandon their traditional preference for male children and to advocate female children’s status and rights.Secondly, the Chinese government is also making an effort to establish and improve the social security system, particularly in rural areas.Thirdly, the phenomenon of allowing one child for urban families and two to three children for families in poor areas is called reverse selection of population quality.I have two points to make in the regard.The policy in rural areas is made in accordance with the economic situation there.The social security system is being gradually improved in rural areas.If a stringent One Child policy is to be introduced in this process, the household insurance coverage is likely to be reduced for rural families.Therefore, the number of children allowed in rural families is dependent on the economic situation.10.3 中國與歐盟的關(guān)系

女士們、先生們、朋友們：

今天，我很榮幸給大家介紹歐盟的一些情況以及歐盟與中國的關(guān)系。

歐盟全稱叫歐洲聯(lián)盟，是在歐洲共同體基礎(chǔ)上有25個獨立的國家組成的，目的是為了加強政治、經(jīng)濟和社會合作。原來叫“歐共體”或“歐洲經(jīng)濟共同體”。

目前的25個成員國是：奧地利、比利時、丹麥、芬蘭、法國、德國、希臘、愛爾蘭、意大利、盧森堡、荷蘭、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典、英國、塞浦路斯（希臘部分）、捷克共和國、愛沙尼亞、匈牙利、拉脫維亞、立陶宛、馬耳他、波蘭、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亞。歐盟25國總面積400平方公里，差不多半個中國的面積?？?cè)丝跀?shù)為4.544億，排行第三，僅次于中國和印度，約占世界總?cè)丝诘?%。

歐盟同一貨幣為歐元，2002年一月正式啟用。到目前為止，已經(jīng)有12個歐盟國家用歐元取代其本國貨幣。同一貨幣使旅行和價格比較容易些，它還為歐洲的商業(yè)往來、刺激增長和競爭創(chuàng)造了一個穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境。

目前為止，歐盟的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值逾10萬億美元。作為一個整體，這個規(guī)模與它的主要競爭對手美國差不多。經(jīng)濟總量和貿(mào)易總額分別占全球25%和35%。

歐盟與中國的關(guān)系十分良好。今年5月歐盟與中國就建交30周年了。去年，歐盟與中國的進出口貿(mào)易總額達到2，000億歐元。德國是中國的最大貿(mào)易伙伴，英國、荷蘭名列第二和第三。

歐盟正抓住當前這一大好歷史機遇-團結(jié)曾經(jīng)分裂的歐洲大陸，創(chuàng)造一個和平、穩(wěn)定、民主的歐洲。這次歐盟的擴大還將創(chuàng)造一個幾乎擁有5億消費者的大市場，這個市場飽含經(jīng)濟的增長和不斷繁榮的極大潛力。

我的話完了，謝謝大家！

11.3傾銷與反傾銷

如果一家公司以比自己國內(nèi)正常市場價格更低的價格出口商品，即構(gòu)成“傾銷”。有些人認為這是不正當競爭但有些則持不同意見。但許多國家的政府采取一些行動抵制傾銷行為以保護本國市場。世貿(mào)組織的協(xié)定并沒有針對反傾銷的制裁措施。它側(cè)重于規(guī)定一些政府是否可以或者不可以對傾銷行為采取行動-它通常被稱為“反傾銷協(xié)定”。

典型的反傾銷行動的手段是指對特定的出口國的特定產(chǎn)品征收額外進口關(guān)稅，以便將其價格接近“正常價值”或消除對進口國國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)的損害。

一般而言，美國、歐盟、澳大利亞和加拿大一直是反傾銷措施的主要支持者。四個傳統(tǒng)成員發(fā)起的案件占了世貿(mào)組織反傾銷案件總數(shù)的45%之多的記錄。

為什么發(fā)展中國家容易被鎖定？

首先，外向型經(jīng)濟容易引起貿(mào)易爭端。由于積極從事出口是促進國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的捷徑，許多發(fā)展中國家采取了出口型政策。因此，他們的經(jīng)濟比發(fā)達國家更依賴于對外貿(mào)易，發(fā)展中國家和發(fā)達國家難免會有許多摩擦沖突。

第二，發(fā)展中國家的出口價格非常低。由于勞動力比發(fā)達國家更便宜，產(chǎn)品成本低是可以理解的。此外，來自發(fā)展中國家的產(chǎn)品往往不是精心設(shè)計也不是成品，從而會影響價格。相反，發(fā)達國家的勞動密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)是夕陽產(chǎn)業(yè)，它們遠遠沒有其他知識型產(chǎn)業(yè)有競爭力。產(chǎn)品價格在它們的國內(nèi)市場上不合情理的高。這些因素容易引起國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)和當局的注意。

12.4 The Secret of Nano Technology

The term nanotechnology may not sound unfamiliar any more.It has become a buzzword within the hi-tech community, but when asked what’s it about and its impact on our life, I’m afraid many people are not able to answer right away.In fact, it’s already a part of daily life for many.The promise of nanotechnology is almost unlimited.If you think nanotechnology is all in the future, think again.Nano trousers are already on sale in the United States.They feel like ordinary cotton trousers but there’s a thin nano layer, which resists spills and stains.So, if you spill your drink, this is what happens, it just runs off.The trousers aren’t even damp.So nano technology is the science of the very small.But how small is small? Well imagine I was shrunk to a 1,000 times smaller.I’d be about as big as the eye of a fly, but nano is even

smaller than that.In fact, much, much smaller.Imagine I was shrunk again, this time 10,000 times.I’d be about as big as a virus, but nano is even smaller than that.You’d have to shrink4 me another 100 times to get the nano version of me, a billion times smaller than the real me.Industry is already building devices on that scale.Here in Cambridge they’re making very thin nano layers of a plastic that emits light when electrical current runs through it.The technology will soon be on the market, in mobile phones with very bright, energy-saving displays.People will see these initially in fairly simple products like mobile phones but ultimately they will be in TV’s, and when the technology moves on to plastic, you’ll have the roll-down TV that you can put on your wall.Nanotechnology can also be applied to medicine.Ultimately, it will be applied in making a chip that can go into the body, which will release a drug or a whole variety of drugs at an assigned period of time, thus having a healing effect on the body.Nanotechnology can be used in many other fields which are closely related to our daily life as well.The promise of nanotechnology is almost unlimited.That’s why the government is backing itstrongly, yet still many critics fear possible side effects.