第一篇:雙語新聞-李克強(qiáng)2014上合組織講話
【雙語】時(shí)政熱詞也要與時(shí)俱進(jìn):李克強(qiáng)在上合組織首腦理事會上的講話 2014-12-17 中國日報(bào)網(wǎng)雙語新聞
國務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)15日在上海合作組織成員國政府首腦理事會第十三次會議上發(fā)表講話??囱葜v,學(xué)熱詞表達(dá),點(diǎn)擊頁面最下方“閱讀原文”看講話全文。丨秉承“上海精神” acting in the Shanghai Spirit 丨取得新進(jìn)展
scored new achievements 丨人文交流
people-to-people exchanges 丨抓住機(jī)遇,應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)
seize opportunities and rise up to challenges
Since last year's heads of government meeting in Tashkent, the SCO member states have, acting in the Shanghai Spirit, scored new achievements in cooperation in various fields.At the Dushanbe Summit last September, Chinese President Xi Jinping and leaders of other SCO member states put forward a number of significant initiatives to advance practical cooperation of the SCO.Currently, the international situation is complicated, development of various economies is becoming differentiated and certain regional turbulences have intensified.Given this backdrop, we need to further strengthen cooperation in the security and economic fields as well as in cultural and people-to-people exchanges so that we could seize opportunities and rise up to challenges.去年塔什干總理會議以來,各成員國秉承“上海精神”,推動各領(lǐng)域合作取得新進(jìn)展。在今年9月杜尚別峰會上,中國國家主席習(xí)近平同其他上合成員國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人為推進(jìn)本組織務(wù)實(shí)合作提出很多重要舉措。面對錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的國際形勢,我們應(yīng)抓住機(jī)遇,應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn),進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)、人文三大領(lǐng)域合作。丨堅(jiān)定不移走和平發(fā)展道路
stay committed to the path of peaceful development
The international political and economic situation is undergoing complex changes.China will stay committed to the path of peaceful development and be firm in its efforts to safeguard regional peace, stability and development.And China will work to increase synergy and collaboration with other countries to jointly promote world prosperity and stability.Security cooperation mechanisms need to be improved to oppose terrorism in all its manifestations.It is important that countries give support to the government of Afghanistan in its efforts to achieve early national reconciliation and economic reconstruction, as this is conducive to regional stability and serves the common interests of all countries.當(dāng)前,世界政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢都在發(fā)生復(fù)雜變化,不同經(jīng)濟(jì)體走勢分化,部分地區(qū)動蕩加劇。中國將堅(jiān)定不移走和平發(fā)展道路,堅(jiān)定不移維護(hù)地區(qū)和平、穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展,愿與各國團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作,促進(jìn)世界繁榮穩(wěn)定。我們應(yīng)進(jìn)一步完善安全合作機(jī)制。各國應(yīng)支持阿富汗政府盡早實(shí)現(xiàn)民族和解和經(jīng)濟(jì)重建。這也有利于本地區(qū)穩(wěn)定,符合各國共同利益。
丨加快區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化進(jìn)程 speed up regional economic integration 丨培育新的增長點(diǎn) foster new growth areas
丨為各國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展注入新的活力 ensure more dynamic economic growth
As global economic recovery faces difficulties and economic and trade growth of member states gets slowing down, we need to work together to realize industrial cooperation, trade and investment facilitation and financial cooperation, all at higher levels.We need to speed up regional economic integration, create new highlights for regional cooperation and foster new growth areas so as to ensure more dynamic economic growth.在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇困難、各成員國經(jīng)濟(jì)和貿(mào)易增速放緩背景下,我們應(yīng)同舟共濟(jì),共同推動實(shí)現(xiàn)更高水平的產(chǎn)業(yè)合作、更高水平的貿(mào)易投資便利化、更高水平的金融合作,加快區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化進(jìn)程,為地區(qū)合作打造新的亮點(diǎn),培育新的增長點(diǎn),為各國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展注入新的活力。
丨調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促升級
achieving structural adjustment and upgrading 丨產(chǎn)品性價(jià)比高
cost-effective products 丨優(yōu)勢互補(bǔ)、互利共贏
complement each other's advantages and achieve win-win outcomes 丨絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶
Silk Road Economic Belt 丨產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級
industrial transformation and upgrading
SCO member states are all at critical stage of development, when stabilizing growth and achieving structural adjustment and upgrading becomes important.Cooperation between various parties is now expanding from trade in natural resources and primary products to in-depth cooperation that involves equipment manufacturing and building of industrial parks.Countries in the region have a huge market demand and China, on its part, is rich in experience in infrastructure construction, has a strong equipment manufacturing capability and could provide cost-effective products.China wants to enhance cooperation with other SCO members in metallurgy, construction materials, transport, power generation, telecommunications, automobile assembling and food processing to complement each other's advantages and achieve win-win outcomes.China has reached agreement with Kazakhstan on conducting cooperation in production capacity and is open to similar cooperation with other parties of the SCO.Dialogue among SCO members could be stepped up on the platform of the SCO energy club so that we could deepen cooperation in energy processing, including oil refining, refined oil processing and in the coal chemical industry.At the same time, we may also encourage new energy projects such as wind, solar and hydro power projects, so as to jointly safeguard energy security.China's initiative to build a Silk Road Economic Belt has much in common with the development strategies of relevant SCO members.China hopes to strengthen consultation and cooperation with various parties to jointly promote industrial transformation and upgrading.上合組織成員國都處在發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,既要穩(wěn)增長,又要調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促升級。各方合作正在從自然資源和初級產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易拓展到裝備制造業(yè)、產(chǎn)業(yè)園區(qū)等領(lǐng)域的深度合作。本地區(qū)國家市場需求大,中國基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富,裝備制造能力強(qiáng),產(chǎn)品性價(jià)比高,愿與成員國加強(qiáng)在冶金、建材、交通、電力、電信、汽車組裝和食品加工等方面合作,實(shí)現(xiàn)優(yōu)勢互補(bǔ)、互利共贏。此次中哈就開展產(chǎn)能合作達(dá)成共識,中方愿同上合組織各方展開類似合作。各成員國還應(yīng)在上合組織能源俱樂部平臺上加強(qiáng)對話,深化石油煉化、成品油加工、煤化工等能源加工領(lǐng)域合作,同時(shí)推進(jìn)風(fēng)能、太陽能、水電等新能源項(xiàng)目,共同維護(hù)能源安全。中方提出的絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶與上合組織有關(guān)國家的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略是相銜接的。中方愿同各方加強(qiáng)磋商與合作,共同促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級。
丨民生
people's livelihood 丨綠色絲路使者計(jì)劃
a plan of green Silk Road envoys 丨傳染病聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機(jī)制
joint prevention and control mechanisms for infectious diseases The ultimate purpose of deepening security, trade and investment cooperation is to make life better for our peoples.China proposes that the SCO pay more attention to people's livelihood, promote cooperation in projects related to people's livelihood and create more job opportunities to deliver real benefits to the people.China is ready to deepen agricultural cooperation with other member states, explore the establishment of a unified information platform for food and agricultural products and work for an SCO food security cooperation mechanism to be launched.China plans to allocate US$50 million for the SCO's popularization of agricultural technologies and personnel training and hopes that such cooperation will bring more benefits to farmers and herdsmen of various countries.China is now working on a plan of green Silk Road envoys and will be happy to offer training in environmental protection to countries along the Silk Road.Cooperation in public health needs to be stepped up and efficient joint prevention and control mechanisms for infectious diseases need to be set up.As far as this is concerned, China stands ready to provide health assistance to Central Asian countries within its capability.深化安全合作和經(jīng)貿(mào)投資合作,從根本上都是為了改善各國民生。中方建議上合組織增加更多的民生議題,推動更多民生項(xiàng)目合作,創(chuàng)造更多就業(yè)機(jī)會,讓各國人民切實(shí)從中受益。中國愿與各成員國深化農(nóng)業(yè)合作,探討建立統(tǒng)一的糧食和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品信息平臺,推動建立上合組織糧食安全合作機(jī)制。中方計(jì)劃出資5000萬美元用于上合組織農(nóng)技推廣和人員培訓(xùn),希望這方面合作更多惠及各國農(nóng)牧民。中國正在制定“綠色絲路使者計(jì)劃”,愿為沿線各國提供環(huán)保培訓(xùn)。我們應(yīng)加強(qiáng)公共衛(wèi)生合作,建立高效的傳染病聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機(jī)制,中方愿為中亞國家提供力所能及的衛(wèi)生援助。
丨澆花澆根,交人交心
When watering flowers, make sure that water goes down deep to the roots;and when making friends, remember that best friends are those whose hearts are close.As we Chinese often say, when watering flowers, make sure that water goes down deep to the roots;and when making friends, remember that best friends are those whose hearts are close.Countries need to intensify cultural and people-to-people exchanges to increase communication and mutual understanding among the people.Heart-to-heart communication will bring us closer to each other, enhance popular support for the SCO and make the concept of win-win cooperation a consensus of people of all member states.I hope that member states will actively foster friendly exchanges between various sectors, especially between our young people.Measures could be taken to simplify procedures for the application of visas and work and residence permits so as to facilitate people-to-people exchanges.中國人常說,澆花澆根,交人交心。各國應(yīng)加強(qiáng)人文交流,增進(jìn)人民之間的溝通了解,通過交心使我們走得更近,使本組織發(fā)展深入人心,使合作共贏的理念成為各國人民的共識。希望各成員國積極開展社會各界特別是青少年一代的友好交往,簡化簽證申請、勞務(wù)許可、居留等手續(xù),為人員往來提供更多便利。
第二篇:李克強(qiáng)在中國-東盟上的講話 雙語
推動中國-東盟長期友好互利合作戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系邁上新臺階
——在第十屆中國—東盟博覽會和中國—東盟商務(wù)與投資峰會上的致辭
中華人民共和國國務(wù)院總理 李克強(qiáng)
2013年9月3日,廣西南寧
Bring the China-ASEAN Strategic Partnership of Long-term Friendship and Mutually Beneficial Cooperation to
a New High
Remarks by H.E.Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China
At the 10th China-ASEAN Expo and China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit
Nanning, 3 September 2013
尊敬的各位嘉賓,女士們、先生們、朋友們:
Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends, 今年是中國—東盟建立戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系十周年,也是中國—東盟博覽會舉辦十周年。我們東方許多國家都有通行說法,叫做“十年一大慶”,今天這里高朋滿座,充滿了喜慶氣氛。中國還有一句古話,“十年樹木”,中國—東盟戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系經(jīng)歷了10年歷程,這棵大樹已經(jīng)成長起來,枝繁葉茂,碩果累累,現(xiàn)在是收獲果實(shí)、播種未來的時(shí)候。我對中國—東盟關(guān)系未來發(fā)展充滿信心,也代表中國政府對來自各國的貴賓表示熱烈歡迎!對中國—東盟博覽會暨商務(wù)與投資峰會成功召開表示熱烈祝賀!
This year marks the 10th anniversary of the establishment of China-ASEAN strategic partnership.It is also the 10th anniversary of the China-ASEAN Expo.In many Eastern countries, major celebrations are to be held on decennial anniversaries.So I am happy to join so many friends here on this festive occasion.We Chinese also say that it takes 10 years to grow a tree.With 10 years of development, the China-ASEAN strategic partnership has grown into a lush tree and borne rich fruits.Now is the time to harvest and sow seeds for the future.I have full confidence in the future growth of China-ASEAN relations.Let me extend, on behalf of the Chinese government, warm welcome to the guests present and warm congratulations on the successful opening of the China-ASEAN Expo and China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit.和平與發(fā)展仍是當(dāng)今世界的主題。中國將始終不渝地走和平發(fā)展道路,為本地區(qū)和世界繁榮穩(wěn)定作出積極貢獻(xiàn)。周邊地區(qū)始終是中國外交的重點(diǎn),處于中國外交的首要地位。中國新一屆政府將更加堅(jiān)定不移地奉行與鄰為善、以鄰為伴的周邊外交方針,更加主動地實(shí)現(xiàn)中國發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略與周邊各國發(fā)展目標(biāo)的對接,更加扎實(shí)有效地構(gòu)建共享和平繁榮的命運(yùn)共同體。
Peace and development remain the theme of our world today.China is committed to the path of peaceful development and will actively contribute to regional and global stability and prosperity.Neighboring areas are always a priority in China's diplomacy.The new Chinese government will be firmer in implementing the policy of fostering amicable relationships and partnerships with neighboring countries, work more actively to pursue its development strategy with the development objectives of those countries in mind, and take more solid and effective steps to build a community of common destiny for peace and prosperity.中國與東盟地理相鄰,文化相通,血脈相親,利益相融。中國是第一個(gè)加入《東南亞友好條約》的域外大國,也是第一個(gè)同東盟建立了戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系,第一個(gè)同東盟啟動并建成自由貿(mào)易區(qū)的國家。中國—東盟戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系
建立10年來,相互尊重、平等相待、睦鄰友好、互利共贏始終貫穿于中國與東盟關(guān)系發(fā)展的全過程。雙方彼此信任不斷加強(qiáng),務(wù)實(shí)合作日益深化,人文交往更趨密切,各領(lǐng)域合作都取得長足進(jìn)展,為本地區(qū)國家和人民帶來了實(shí)實(shí)在在的利益。
China and ASEAN enjoy geographical proximity, cultural affinity, a historical bond and closely entwined interests.China is the first non-ASEAN country to join the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia.It is also the first country to establish a strategic partnership with ASEAN and to launch and complete the building of a Free Trade Area(FTA)with ASEAN.Over the past 10 years since the establishment of the strategic partnership, China and ASEAN have respected each other, treated each other as equals, and built good-neighborly relations for mutual benefit.We have strengthened mutual trust, deepened pragmatic cooperation, intensified people-to-people exchanges, and made much headway in our cooperation in all fields, bringing tangible benefits to countries and peoples in the region.毋庸諱言,我們也注意到本地區(qū)還存在一些不利于穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展的干擾因素,但這不是主流。對于南海爭議,中方一貫主張,應(yīng)當(dāng)由直接當(dāng)事方在尊重歷史事實(shí)和國際法的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行磋商,中國政府是有擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)?,也愿通過友好協(xié)商尋求妥善解決之策。中方認(rèn)為,南海爭議不是中國同東盟之間的問題,更不應(yīng)該也不可能影響中國—東盟合作的大局。10年前,我們與東盟國家共同制定了《南海各方行為宣言》,有力維護(hù)了南海的和平與穩(wěn)定,切實(shí)保障了南海的自由航行。中國將本著負(fù)責(zé)任的態(tài)度,繼續(xù)與東盟國家全面落實(shí)《宣言》的各項(xiàng)規(guī)定,在《宣言》框架下,循序漸進(jìn),穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)“南海行為準(zhǔn)則”的商談。
There is no denying that there are still disturbing factors in the region that affect stability and development, but they do not represent the mainstream.On the disputes in the South China Sea, China maintains that consultations should be held by the parties directly concerned on the basis of respecting historical facts and international law.The Chinese government is committed to fulfilling its responsibilities and is ready to seek a proper settlement through friendly consultations.China believes that the disputes in the South China Sea are not an issue between China and ASEAN, nor should or can they affect the overall China-ASEAN cooperation.The Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea(DOC)jointly formulated by China and ASEAN countries 10 years ago has effectively safeguarded peace and stability and ensured freedom of navigation in the South China Sea.China will continue to work with ASEAN countries in a responsible manner to fully implement all provisions of the DOC and steadily advance consultations on a code of conduct in the South China Sea in a gradual way within the framework of the DOC.在此,我代表中國政府鄭重宣布,中國對東盟的睦鄰友好政策絕不是權(quán)宜之計(jì),而是我們長期堅(jiān)持的戰(zhàn)略選擇。中方將堅(jiān)定不移地把東盟國家作為周邊外交的優(yōu)先方向,堅(jiān)定不移地深化同東盟的戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系,堅(jiān)定不移地與東盟攜手,共同維護(hù)本地區(qū)包括南海地區(qū)的和平與穩(wěn)定。同時(shí),我們將繼續(xù)支持東盟的發(fā)展壯大,支持東盟共同體建設(shè),支持東盟在東亞合作中的主導(dǎo)地位。中國和東盟的關(guān)系一定是長期友好、合作共贏的,將充分體現(xiàn)我們之間戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系的要義。
Here, I wish to make a solemn commitment on behalf of the Chinese government.China's policy of building good-neighborly relations with ASEAN is by no means an expedient measure, but our long-term and consistent strategic choice.China will unswervingly give priority to ASEAN countries in its neighborhood diplomacy, deepen strategic partnership with ASEAN, and work with ASEAN to jointly uphold peace and stability in the region, including the South China Sea.At the same time, we will continue to support ASEAN's development, the ASEAN Community building and ASEAN's centrality in East Asia cooperation.China-ASEAN relations will be defined by long-term friendship and win-win cooperation, living up to the essence of our strategic partnership.女士們,先生們!Ladies and Gentlemen, 當(dāng)前,國際形勢繼續(xù)發(fā)生著日益復(fù)雜的深刻變化。發(fā)達(dá)國家經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)了一些積極跡象,新興市場國家和發(fā)展中國家市場拓展的潛力巨大,這是有利的積極因素。同時(shí),世界經(jīng)濟(jì)正處于深度調(diào)整中,全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇過程還存在很多不確定不穩(wěn)定因素。國際金融危機(jī)的深層次影響尚未消除,債務(wù)失控、增長失調(diào)、南北失衡等結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾突出。解決各國面臨的困難和挑戰(zhàn),歸根到底還是要靠發(fā)展。
The international situation is undergoing increasingly complicated and profound changes.Developed countries are seeing some positive signs in their economies, and emerging markets and developing countries boast huge potential in expanding markets.These are the favorable factors.On the other hand, the world economy is experiencing deep adjustment and there are many uncertainties and destabilizing factors in the global economic recovery.The underlying impact of the international financial crisis is lingering, and structural problems such as runaway debt, misaligned growth and North-South imbalance remain serious.To address the difficulties and challenges confronting various countries, development is still the ultimate solution.亞洲擁有全球近一半的人口、三分之一的經(jīng)濟(jì)總量,創(chuàng)造了一系列的增長奇跡,長期以來特別是近年來是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展最具活力的地區(qū)之一。但是我們也要看到,亞洲各國發(fā)展很不平衡,促進(jìn)增長、改善民生的任務(wù)十分艱巨。近來,受發(fā)達(dá)國家特別是主要儲備貨幣發(fā)行國可能退出量化寬松貨幣政策預(yù)期增強(qiáng)的影響,一些新興市場國家和發(fā)展中國家資本流動逆轉(zhuǎn),金融市場波動加劇。亞洲一些成員也受到波及,面臨資本外流、貨幣貶值、增長放緩、通脹上升等多重挑戰(zhàn),這引起人們包括一些友好國家的擔(dān)憂。當(dāng)前形勢下,中國和東盟的主要任務(wù)還是發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、改善民生。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)堅(jiān)持經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)先、發(fā)展優(yōu)先、民生優(yōu)先的大方向,把焦點(diǎn)聚集在這里,繼續(xù)發(fā)揚(yáng)團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作、同舟共濟(jì)的精神,攜手應(yīng)對可能發(fā)生的和不可預(yù)見的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和挑戰(zhàn),努力保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行和健康發(fā)展。這是各方的共同利益所在,也是各國人民的利益所在。
With almost half of the world population and one third of the global economy, Asia has created a series of growth miracles and has long been one of the most dynamic regions in world economic development, particularly in recent years.Yet we also need to recognize that development among Asian countries is highly uneven, and they face the daunting task of boosting growth and improving people's lives.Due to rising expectation of possible withdrawal of quantitative easing by the developed countries in their monetary policy, especially major reserve currency issuing countries, capital flow has reversed and financial markets have become more volatile in some emerging markets and developing countries.Some Asian countries have been impacted as well and are confronted with multiple challenges of capital outflow, currency devaluation, economic slowdown and rising inflation.This has made people, including some friendly countries, worry.Under the current circumstances, the major tasks for China and ASEAN are still developing the economy and improving people's livelihood.We should continue to focus on these primary tasks, work in concert to tackle those potential and unpredictable risks and challenges, and maintain steady and sound economic growth.This represents the common interests of all parties and people of all countries.女士們,先生們!Ladies and Gentlemen, 十年來,在各國歷屆領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人精心培育下,中國與東盟攜手走過了不平凡的歷程,雙方貿(mào)易額增長了5倍,相互投資擴(kuò)大了3倍,開創(chuàng)了合作的“黃金十年”。我們率先建成了世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家自由貿(mào)易區(qū),順應(yīng)了發(fā)展的趨勢,也給人民帶來了實(shí)惠。目前,東盟已成為中國第二大貿(mào)易伙伴,中國與東盟的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系從來沒有像今天這樣緊密相依。
Thanks to the commitment of successive generations of leaders from all countries, China and ASEAN have traversed an extraordinary path in the past decade.Bilateral trade has increased fivefold, and mutual investment threefold.We have created a “Golden Decade” of cooperation.We took the lead in setting up the biggest FTA among developing countries in the world.This meets the trend of development and has brought real benefits to the people.ASEAN has become China's second biggest trading partner, and our economic links have never been as close as they are today.中國與東盟是天然的合作伙伴。我們同處于工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化快速推進(jìn)的階段,發(fā)展目標(biāo)和任務(wù)相似,推動中國和東盟經(jīng)濟(jì)合作發(fā)展必將激發(fā)出巨大的能量。這兩天,我與東盟各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人進(jìn)行了廣泛深入的交流,形成了一系列重要共識,一致認(rèn)為彼此的共同利益在不斷擴(kuò)大。我們既然有能力打造已經(jīng)過去的“黃金十年”,也有能力創(chuàng)造未來新的“鉆石十年”。我們要繼往開來,站在新的歷史起點(diǎn)上,尋求新的戰(zhàn)略突破,在增強(qiáng)政治互信、倡導(dǎo)開放包容的基礎(chǔ)上,不斷深化務(wù)實(shí)合作,共同提升中國—東盟合作水平,推動雙方戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系百尺竿頭、更進(jìn)一步。為此,我提出以下幾項(xiàng)合作倡議:
China and ASEAN are natural partners for cooperation.We are both at a stage of accelerated industrialization and urbanization, and share similar development goals and tasks.Stronger economic cooperation between us will unleash huge energy.In the past couple of days, ASEAN leaders and I had extensive and in-depth discussions and we reached much important consensus.We all agree that our common interests have kept expanding.We have created the past “Golden Decade”, and we are able to build a “Diamond Decade” in the future.We should build on past achievements and seek new strategic breakthroughs at a new historical starting point.On the basis of deeper political mutual trust and an open and inclusive spirit, we need to deepen and upgrade pragmatic cooperation, and push for new progress in our strategic partnership.To this end, I wish to make the following proposals for cooperation: 一是打造中國—東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū)升級版。中國—東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)建設(shè)開創(chuàng)了亞太貿(mào)易投資合作的先河,有力地推動了雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的快速發(fā)展。面對未來,中方將秉承10年來自貿(mào)區(qū)建設(shè)的傳統(tǒng),積極優(yōu)先考慮東盟利益訴求,為東盟的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造更多更有利的條件。我們愿意本著互利共贏、共同發(fā)展的原則,更新和擴(kuò)充中國—東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)協(xié)定的內(nèi)容與范圍。雙方可以考慮深入討論進(jìn)一步降低關(guān)稅,削減非關(guān)稅措施,積極開展新一批服務(wù)貿(mào)易承諾談判,從準(zhǔn)入條件、人員往來等方面推動投資領(lǐng)域的實(shí)質(zhì)性開放,提升貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化水平,使中國—東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)與時(shí)俱進(jìn),在更廣領(lǐng)域、更高質(zhì)量上打造升級版。我們愿與東盟簽訂農(nóng)產(chǎn)品長期貿(mào)易協(xié)議,積極擴(kuò)大從東盟進(jìn)口在中國有市場、有競爭力的商品,力爭2020年雙邊貿(mào)易額達(dá)到1萬億美元,今后8年新增雙向投資1500億美元。正像東盟是中國周邊外交的優(yōu)先方向一樣,東盟也是中國對外投資的優(yōu)先方向,我們也歡迎東盟企業(yè)到中國來投資興業(yè)。
First, build an upgraded version of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area(CAFTA).The establishment of CAFTA blazed a new trail for trade and investment cooperation in the Asia-Pacific and has greatly boosted the business ties between the two sides.Looking ahead, China will uphold the tradition formed in the past ten years of CAFTA development, actively consider ASEAN's interests and needs on a priority basis, and create more favorable conditions for the development of ASEAN.We are ready to update and expand the content and scope of China-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement under the principle of mutual benefit and common development.Our two sides may consider holding in-depth discussions on further lowering tariff and cutting non-tariff measures, actively negotiate a new set of service trade commitments, promote real openness in the investment field by improving market access and personnel interflow and enhance trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, so as to keep CAFTA abreast of the times and build an upgraded version in wider areas with higher quality.We are ready to sign long-term trade agreement with ASEAN on agricultural products, import more marketable and competitive goods from ASEAN, and strive to raise two-way trade to one trillion US dollars by 2020 and increase two-way investment by 150 billion US dollars in the coming eight years.ASEAN is as much a priority in China's outbound investment as it is a priority in our diplomacy in neighboring areas.We also welcome enterprises from ASEAN countries to invest and do business in China.同時(shí),我們愿與東盟一道推動“區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系”(RCEP)談判,探討與“跨太平洋伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)議”(TPP)等區(qū)域合作機(jī)制交流互動,共同營造開放、包容、共贏的合作環(huán)境,促進(jìn)區(qū)域和全球貿(mào)易安排“兩個(gè)輪子一起轉(zhuǎn)”。
We also stand ready to work with ASEAN to advance the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)negotiations, explore ways for RCEP to interact with other regional cooperation mechanisms such as Trans-Pacific Partnership(TPP), and jointly foster an open, inclusive and win-win environment for cooperation to ensure that the two wheels of regional and global trade arrangements will spin forward together.二是推動互聯(lián)互通。我們要加快推進(jìn)公路、鐵路、水運(yùn)、航空、電信、能源等領(lǐng)域互聯(lián)互通合作,推動泛亞鐵路這個(gè)大“旗艦”項(xiàng)目建設(shè)盡快逐步啟動,實(shí)施好一批重大項(xiàng)目。中方將啟動新一批專項(xiàng)貸款,發(fā)揮好中國—東盟投資合作基金的作用,并且與各方積極探討構(gòu)建亞洲互聯(lián)互通融資平臺,為大項(xiàng)目建設(shè)提供資金支持。在加強(qiáng)“硬件鏈接”的同時(shí),加快完善原產(chǎn)地規(guī)則實(shí)施機(jī)制,抓好信息、通關(guān)、質(zhì)檢等制度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的“軟件銜接”,為逐步建成基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施便利化的亞洲創(chuàng)造條件。雙方還應(yīng)擴(kuò)大投資與產(chǎn)業(yè)合作,共同規(guī)劃建設(shè)一批綠色環(huán)保、智能高效的產(chǎn)業(yè)園區(qū),使你中有我,我中有你。
Second, promote connectivity.We need to speed up connectivity cooperation in road, rail, waterway, aviation, telecommunications and energy, launch the Pan-Asia Railway network-a major flagship project-as early as possible and push it forward step by step, and make good progress in implementing a number of big projects.China will activate a new round of special loans, make good use of the China-ASEAN Investment Cooperation Fund, and actively explore with other parties the creation of a financing platform for infrastructure development in Asia to fund major projects.While strengthening “hardware” connection, we also need to move faster at improving the mechanism for implementing the rules of origin and ensure good “software” connection regarding the systems and standards in information, customs clearance and quality inspection to create conditions for gradually building sound infrastructure links in Asia.Our two sides should also expand cooperation in investment and industries and jointly plan for and build a number of green, environment-friendly, smart and efficient industrial parks to bring us closer.三是加強(qiáng)金融合作。這對于維護(hù)地區(qū)金融和經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定至關(guān)重要。近年來,中國—東盟金融合作取得長足進(jìn)展,“清邁倡議”多邊化協(xié)議總規(guī)模已擴(kuò)大至2400億美元。中方愿繼續(xù)與東盟成員共同努力,強(qiáng)化多層次區(qū)域金融安全網(wǎng),推動雙邊本幣互換協(xié)議的實(shí)際運(yùn)用,鼓勵(lì)跨境貿(mào)易和投資中使用本幣進(jìn)行結(jié)算,為東盟機(jī)構(gòu)投資中國債券市場提供更多便利,不斷完善區(qū)域金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警和救助機(jī)制。我相信,本地區(qū)成員有能力應(yīng)對各種困難和挑戰(zhàn),中國—東盟攜手合作、相互幫助,一定能保持本地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)增長和經(jīng)濟(jì)金融穩(wěn)定。
Third, enhance financial cooperation.This is critically important for maintaining regional financial and economic stability.China-ASEAN financial cooperation has made big strides in recent years.The Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization agreement has been expanded to 240 billion US dollars.China is ready to work with ASEAN members to strengthen the multi-tiered regional financial safety net, promote the actual use of bilateral currency swap agreements, encourage local currency settlement for cross-border trade and investment, provide greater facilitation for ASEAN institutions to invest in China's bond markets, and continuously improve regional mechanisms for financial risk early warning and rescue.I am confident that members in this region have the capacity to tackle various difficulties and challenges and, with China and ASEAN working together and helping each other, we will be able to maintain steady economic growth and economic and financial stability in the region.四是開展海上合作。這是雙方拓展合作的重要領(lǐng)域。中方倡議建立“中國—東盟海洋伙伴關(guān)系”。會上將建立中國—東盟港口城市合作網(wǎng)絡(luò)。我們已設(shè)立30億元人民幣的中國—東盟海上合作基金,并正在研究推進(jìn)一批合作項(xiàng)目,重點(diǎn)是漁業(yè)基地建設(shè)、海洋生態(tài)環(huán)保、海產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)交易、航行安全與搜救以及海上運(yùn)輸便利化等,我們期待著東盟國家積極參與。
Fourth, carry out maritime cooperation.This is an important area for the two sides to expand cooperation.China calls for establishing a China-ASEAN maritime partnership.The China-ASEAN Port Cities Cooperation Network will be set up during the Expo.With a three billion yuan China-ASEAN Maritime Cooperation Fund in place, we are now studying and promoting a number of cooperation programs with a focus on fishery base development, marine ecology and environment protection, production and trade of sea products, navigation safety and search and rescue, and facilitation of maritime transport.We look forward to ASEAN countries' active participation.五是增進(jìn)人文交流。中方倡議,把2014年確定為“中國—東盟友好交流年”。今后3至5年,中方將向東盟國家提供1.5萬個(gè)政府獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金名額;向亞洲區(qū)域合作專項(xiàng)資金注資,用于深化人文合作。我們要進(jìn)一步發(fā)揮中國—東盟青年聯(lián)誼會、中國—東盟思想庫網(wǎng)絡(luò)的積極作用,也希望媒體朋友繼續(xù)關(guān)心和支持中國—東盟關(guān)系發(fā)展,向世界傳遞更多友好合作、增強(qiáng)信心的信息。中國與東盟國家是你幫我,我?guī)湍悖瑤湍憔褪菐臀?,幫我也是幫你,我們互相幫助,可以互利共贏。
Fifth, increase people-to-people exchange.China proposes that the year 2014 be designated as the China-ASEAN Friendship and Exchange Year.In the next three to five years, China will provide 15,000 government scholarships for ASEAN countries.We will contribute to the Asia Regional Cooperation Fund for deepening cultural cooperation and people-to-people exchange.We should give further play to the positive role of China-ASEAN Youth Association and the China-ASEAN Think Tank Network.We also hope our friends from the press will continue to care for and support the
growth of China-ASEAN relations and send out more messages of friendship and cooperation to boost confidence.The relationship between China and ASEAN countries is one of mutual help, as helping the other side is also helping oneself.Through mutual assistance, we can achieve win-win outcomes.女士們,先生們!Ladies and Gentlemen, 這里,我簡單介紹一下當(dāng)前中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的情況。今年以來,面對外部市場低迷、經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力加大的復(fù)雜局面,我們審時(shí)度勢,沉著應(yīng)對,穩(wěn)定宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策,及時(shí)明確經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的合理區(qū)間,科學(xué)把握宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的政策框架。統(tǒng)籌穩(wěn)增長、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促改革,系統(tǒng)謀劃,綜合施策,精準(zhǔn)發(fā)力,著力釋放改革紅利,積極促進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化,充分發(fā)揮市場機(jī)制作用。我們堅(jiān)定不移地朝著這個(gè)方向推進(jìn),即使在下行壓力增大時(shí),也是以改革的措施解決前進(jìn)中的問題,以結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的方式保證經(jīng)濟(jì)在合理的“下限”與“上限”之間運(yùn)行。這些既利當(dāng)前、更利長遠(yuǎn)、趨利避害的措施,已經(jīng)開始顯現(xiàn)積極成效。上半年中國經(jīng)濟(jì)保持穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。近期數(shù)據(jù)顯示,中國就業(yè)和物價(jià)穩(wěn)定,糧食豐收在望,工業(yè)生產(chǎn)、進(jìn)出口、利用外資等主要指標(biāo)有一定的回升,市場預(yù)期明顯向好,信心在增強(qiáng)。當(dāng)然,我們不敢有絲毫松懈,更不敢掉以輕心。我們清醒地認(rèn)識到,前進(jìn)中還面臨不少嚴(yán)峻困難和挑戰(zhàn),有些是可以預(yù)見的,有些是難以預(yù)見的。但我們有條件、有能力完成今年中國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的主要任務(wù),而且有決心為明年、為未來、為中國經(jīng)濟(jì)長期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展奠定良好基礎(chǔ)。中國的發(fā)展不僅會增進(jìn)中國人民的福祉,也會為包括東盟國家在內(nèi)的世界各國帶來更多發(fā)展機(jī)遇和市場機(jī)會。
Let me take this opportunity to give you a snapshot of the current Chinese economy.Since the start of this year, confronted with a complex situation of sluggish external market and mounting downward pressure on the economy, we responded in calm in light of the circumstances.We stabilized our macro-economic policies, timely identified a reasonable range for economic operation, and pursued a scientific macro-economic policy framework.We balanced stabilizing growth with adjusting structure and promoting reform.In doing so, we made systematic plans, and took a holistic approach and targeted measures to release the reform dividends, actively improve the structure, and fully harness the role of market.We have been unswervingly pressing ahead in this direction.Even in times of greater downward pressure, we sticked to reform as a way to solve problems and made structural adjustment to ensure that the economy operates within the reasonable range between the upper and lower limits.These measures, which meet both immediate and long-term needs and steer us away from pitfalls, have begun to pay off.In the first half of this year, the Chinese economy maintained steady growth.Recent statistics show that employment and prices are stable, a good harvest is within reach, and such major indicators as industrial output, import and export and use of foreign investment have rebounded.There is noticeable improvement in market expectation and confidence is strengthening.Still, we must not slacken our efforts or lower our guard.We are keenly aware of the many serious difficulties and challenges ahead, some foreseeable and some not.However, we have the conditions and capacity to complete this year's main tasks in economic and social development, and we are determined to lay a good foundation for the sustained and sound development of the Chinese economy next year and beyond.China's development will not only benefit the Chinese people, but also bring about more development and market opportunities for ASEAN countries and other countries around the world.早在2000多年前,中國就與東南亞開通了“海上絲綢之路”,如今我們正在續(xù)寫歷史的輝煌。中國—東盟博覽會暨商務(wù)與投資峰會十年來辦得風(fēng)生水起,也希望今后一帆風(fēng)順,乘風(fēng)破浪。作為中國—東盟博覽會永久會址的南寧,寓意就是南方安寧,而對中國—東盟19億熱愛和平、勤勞智慧的人民來說,有安寧就有繁榮、就有力量。我相信,中國與東盟合作發(fā)展之路會越走越寬廣,互利共贏的成果會越來越豐碩。
As early as over 2,000 years ago, China and Southeast Asia opened the maritime Silk Road.Today we are adding a new chapter to this historical splendor.The China-ASEAN Expo and China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit have thrived over the past ten years.I wish they will continue to ride the waves and sail forward.Nanning, the permanent host city of China-ASEAN Expo, means tranquility in the south.For the 1.9 billion intelligent, hard-working and peace-loving people in China and ASEAN countries, tranquility means prosperity and strength.I believe China-ASEAN cooperation for common development will enjoy a brighter future and deliver more fruits that benefit both sides.最后,我祝愿各位來賓在本次博覽會和峰會期間工作順利、身體健康!祝愿第十屆中國—東盟博覽會暨商務(wù)與投資峰會取得圓滿成功!
To conclude, I wish you all every success and good health during the Expo and Summit and I wish the 10th China-ASEAN Expo and the China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit a full success.謝謝大家。Thank you.
第三篇:上合組織這些年
《瞭望東方周刊》2013038期作者/本文總字?jǐn)?shù):5369 作者:文 | 姚億博
中國2012年GDP為8.3萬億美元,烏茲別克斯坦是453億美元。種種差異并沒有使得上合組織成為大國的政治工具
自今年8月,國家主席習(xí)近平開始了具有重要意義的外交之旅,先后造訪多個(gè)中亞國家,并參加20國峰會、金磚國家峰會。近日又出席上合組織峰會,就多項(xiàng)重大議題與上合組織各成員國展開積極對話和探討,取得多項(xiàng)成就。展現(xiàn)了新一屆領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在多邊外交舞臺上務(wù)實(shí)穩(wěn)重的大國外交風(fēng)度,引起外界高度關(guān)注。
而作為上合組織的創(chuàng)始國和重要成員國,中國在上合組織中扮演的角色舉足輕重。9月13日在吉爾吉斯斯坦首度比什凱克舉行了上合組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會。上合組織在地區(qū),乃至世界范圍具有什么樣的地位和作用?透過上合組織峰會所取得的外交成果,世界對于成績斐然的中國多邊外交有了更進(jìn)一步的認(rèn)知。
上合組織生逢其時(shí)
上海合作組織是首個(gè)在中國境內(nèi)成立并以中國城市命名的區(qū)域性政府間組織,成員國包括中國、俄羅斯、哈薩克斯坦、吉爾吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦和烏茲別克斯坦。此外,亞洲地區(qū)影響力較大的國家也積極參與,成為觀察員國,如伊朗、巴基斯坦、阿富汗、蒙古和印度。
上合組織“前傳”實(shí)際上可以追溯到上世紀(jì)80年代末,即蘇聯(lián)解體前后。當(dāng)時(shí)的國際背景是,蘇聯(lián)瀕臨解體,地區(qū)局勢出現(xiàn)較大動蕩和潛在的不穩(wěn)定因素。出于對地區(qū)和平與穩(wěn)定的考慮,中國、俄羅斯、哈薩克斯坦、吉爾吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦共同開啟加強(qiáng)邊境地區(qū)信任和裁軍的談判進(jìn)程。
到1996年,上合組織的前身“上海會晤機(jī)制”已經(jīng)初現(xiàn)雛形。當(dāng)年4月26日,已經(jīng)有了一定合作基礎(chǔ)的上述五國又在中國上海舉行首腦會晤,自此“上海會晤機(jī)制”正式成型。
2001年6月14日,上海合作組織國家元首在上海舉行第六次會談,烏茲別克斯坦正式加入上海合作組織。次日,上合組織國家元首舉行首次會談并簽署《上海合作組織成立宣言》,上海合作組織正式成立。接著,上海合作組織國家元首正式簽署《關(guān)于打擊恐怖主義、分裂主義和宗教激進(jìn)主義公約》。9月,上海合作組織政府首腦在哈薩克斯坦阿拉木圖舉行首次會談。上海合作組織政府首腦在會談中聯(lián)合決定啟動上海合作組織多邊經(jīng)濟(jì)合作進(jìn)程,宣布正式建立上海合作組織政府首腦定期會談機(jī)制。
實(shí)際上,上合組織之所以能夠逐漸壯大,健康發(fā)展,究其根本是順應(yīng)了當(dāng)時(shí)的歷史背景和各國現(xiàn)實(shí)需要。上世紀(jì)末,蘇聯(lián)解體給地區(qū)引發(fā)了諸如民族分裂勢力、宗教極端主義、恐怖主義等非常嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)和危機(jī)。同時(shí),蘇聯(lián)解體后,還有如何明確劃分和確定各國邊界的一系列高級政治問題。可以說,沒有上合組織及其前身“上海會晤機(jī)制”的存在,各國很難在一個(gè)較短的歷史時(shí)期內(nèi)平穩(wěn)地完成諸多敏感問題的談判和協(xié)商。上海合作組織不僅生逢其時(shí),而且其非軍事政治集團(tuán)、不針對第三方的組織定位也為整個(gè)世界的和平穩(wěn)定作出了良好的示范和貢獻(xiàn)。
彰顯“上海精神”
在上合組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的發(fā)言中,會經(jīng)常提到“上海精神”這四個(gè)字,“上海精神”可以說是上合組織的一面旗幟,在紛亂復(fù)雜、強(qiáng)權(quán)政治時(shí)有出現(xiàn)的今天,具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
“上海精神”,即互信、互利、平等、協(xié)商、尊重多樣文明、謀求共同發(fā)展。政治上的互信是該組織建立的基礎(chǔ),經(jīng)濟(jì)上的互利互惠則是該組織發(fā)展的前提,各成員國本著平等協(xié)商的態(tài)度,尊重不同民族、不同宗教信仰國家的文化形態(tài),共同推進(jìn)人類的發(fā)展與進(jìn)步,這些精神成為“上海合作組織”的靈魂所在。
上合組織中,既有如中國、俄羅斯這樣的大國,也有像哈薩克斯坦這樣的中等國家,還有烏茲別克斯坦這樣比較小的國家。各自政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化影響力相差很大,宗教信仰和政治制度也各有不同。如,俄羅斯主要信仰東正教,而吉爾吉斯斯坦則主要信仰伊斯蘭教;中國2012年GDP為8.3萬億美元,而烏茲別克斯坦只有453億美元。但是,種種差異并沒有使得上合組織成為大國的政治工具,上合組織無論成員強(qiáng)弱大小,在商討各領(lǐng)域問題時(shí)都堅(jiān)持了平等互利的原則。中俄兩國樹立的平等形象使中亞國家不僅獲得了安全上的保障,而且得到了經(jīng)濟(jì)上的有力支持。9月初,國家主席習(xí)近平所到訪的“復(fù)興氣田”就是一個(gè)上合組織成員國間平等互利合作很好的例子。
“復(fù)興氣田”是世界第二大單體氣田,目前探明儲量4萬億至6萬億立方米。該氣田是土庫曼斯坦天然氣對外出口重要基地,也是中土天然氣合作重要?dú)庠吹?。這是中土能源合作的一個(gè)里程碑式的項(xiàng)目。
2012年中土雙邊貿(mào)易額創(chuàng)下103億美元的新紀(jì)錄,7年內(nèi)增長100多倍?,F(xiàn)在中國已成為土庫曼斯坦的第一大貿(mào)易伙伴,天然氣貿(mào)易就占據(jù)了最重要的地位。
作為世界上天然氣儲量最大的國家之一,土庫曼斯坦此前只有一條供氣管道,只能通過俄羅斯向外供氣。獨(dú)立之后,時(shí)任總統(tǒng)尼亞佐夫想多開辟幾條管道,打開市場。2006年,中國與土庫曼斯坦簽署了關(guān)于輸氣管道建設(shè)與長期天然氣供應(yīng)的框架協(xié)議,并在次年開工建設(shè),與中國西氣東輸二期銜接,2009年底正式通氣。
對中國而言,這種雙邊的能源合作提高了中國能源來源的多元化和安全度。對土庫曼斯坦而言,則切實(shí)擴(kuò)大了其能源經(jīng)濟(jì)的市場和相關(guān)合作渠道。在上合組織成員中,這樣平等互利,實(shí)現(xiàn)雙贏的例子還有很多。
改革開放帶來的高速發(fā)展使中國躍居為世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。經(jīng)歷蘇聯(lián)解體困境后的俄羅斯也已步入復(fù)興之路。哈、烏、吉、塔等國則較快走出了蘇聯(lián)解體所帶來的不利影響。中俄與哈、烏、吉、塔等國能做到在互利互信的基礎(chǔ)上協(xié)商共事、平等合作、互利多贏正是“上海精神”和上合組織成功的突出體現(xiàn)。地區(qū)穩(wěn)定的重要基石
在著名的地緣政治學(xué)說中,中亞地區(qū)屬于具有重大戰(zhàn)略意義的“心臟地帶”。其連接亞洲和歐洲兩塊大陸,中華文明、東正教-俄羅斯文明、伊斯蘭文明以及草原游牧文化等都在這里交匯。而在當(dāng)前,該地區(qū)由于“三股勢力”的存在,安全形勢一直不容樂觀。中國在該地區(qū)除了要面對“東突勢力”,還要面對鄰國政局不穩(wěn)所帶來的“外溢效應(yīng)”。其他成員國也或多或少面對類似問題,所以團(tuán)結(jié)一致,共同打擊“三股勢力”,維護(hù)地區(qū)穩(wěn)定就成為了一種不約而同的行動。
2002年,上合組織第二次首腦峰會上,各國共同簽署《關(guān)于地區(qū)反恐怖機(jī)構(gòu)的協(xié)定》。2004年,設(shè)在塔什干的“上海合作組織地區(qū)反恐機(jī)構(gòu)”正式啟動。2012年,六國簽署《上海合作組織關(guān)于應(yīng)對威脅本地區(qū)和平、安全與穩(wěn)定事態(tài)的政治外交措施及機(jī)制條例》的決議、關(guān)于《批準(zhǔn)上海合作組織成員國打擊恐怖主義、分裂主義和極端主義2013-2015年合作綱要》的決議等一系列安全領(lǐng)域的合作文件。
上合組織在安全領(lǐng)域的合作并不局限于條約文本本身,更具有務(wù)實(shí)精神的在于其已經(jīng)機(jī)制化的軍事合作。2002年10月,中國和吉爾吉斯兩國邊防部隊(duì)和特種部隊(duì)在中吉邊境舉行聯(lián)合軍演,此次聯(lián)合軍演是新中國成立以來我軍首次與外國軍隊(duì)舉行的實(shí)兵演習(xí),是中國人民解放軍歷史上第一次出境演習(xí),也是上海合作組織框架內(nèi)首次舉行的雙邊聯(lián)合軍事演習(xí)。自此,上合組織成員國基本每年會舉行類似的聯(lián)合軍演,加強(qiáng)彼此在打擊“三股勢力”維護(hù)地區(qū)穩(wěn)定方面的合作。據(jù)曾經(jīng)多次參與報(bào)道上合組織聯(lián)合軍演的記者透露,近幾年的演習(xí)已經(jīng)不是各國軍隊(duì)各演各的簡單組合,而是發(fā)展到深度融合?,F(xiàn)在,上合軍演已經(jīng)是混合編組,在訓(xùn)練階段可以互換指揮員進(jìn)行指揮,對對方的訓(xùn)練方式和理念進(jìn)行了解、取長補(bǔ)短。部分指揮員還可以用對方語言下達(dá)命令、表述戰(zhàn)役思想,此外,各方軍隊(duì)還要互換武器進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。
這些年,上合組織在安全領(lǐng)域的合作得到了不斷的發(fā)展與提升。有俄羅斯媒體指出,“上合組織不僅在本地區(qū),而且正在國際政治中發(fā)揮著越來越大的作用。這在敘利亞危機(jī)的大背景之下,尤為凸顯出來?!?/p>
比什凱克峰會
9月13日,上合組織 第十三次首腦峰會在吉爾吉斯斯坦首都比什凱克舉行。此次峰會共有1200多名代表團(tuán)成員參加,其中除上合組織6個(gè)成員國的國家元首外,還有來自阿富汗、伊朗和蒙古國3個(gè)觀察員國的國家元首。其所涵蓋和涉及的國家非常廣泛,也具有較高的代表性。
在此次峰會中,中國國家主席習(xí)近平所提出的“建立能源俱樂部”的提議受到了積極回應(yīng)與關(guān)注。習(xí)近平主席呼吁各國協(xié)調(diào)本組織框架內(nèi)能源合作,建立穩(wěn)定供求關(guān)系,確保能源安全,同時(shí)在提高能效和開發(fā)新能源等領(lǐng)域開展廣泛合作。此外,中國還提出推動區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作;加強(qiáng)金融領(lǐng)域合作,成立上海合作組織開發(fā)銀行和上海合作組織專門賬戶。
有分析指出,中亞地區(qū)具有豐富的能源和資源,將成為未來各國必爭之地,而中國則具有一定的地緣政治優(yōu)勢。加之中國國內(nèi)日益重視生態(tài)建設(shè),努力減少諸如煤炭資源的消耗,來自中亞的天然氣等資源就成為很好的選擇。
不可否認(rèn)的是,中國也將在中亞地區(qū)面對機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)并存的一系列情況。積極的方面在于,目前中國同中亞各國正在實(shí)施和規(guī)劃的能源項(xiàng)目將有助于保障中國的能源安全,使中國能源進(jìn)口渠道多元化,而消極的方面則較為復(fù)雜和棘手。
中亞國家和俄羅斯仍處在向市場經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的過程中,商業(yè)環(huán)境、法律制度等并不完善,且難以在短期內(nèi)出現(xiàn)根本好轉(zhuǎn),各國政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會制度與中國不同,使中國企業(yè)不僅在當(dāng)?shù)孛媾R復(fù)雜的經(jīng)營環(huán)境,在投資和貸款回收方面也存在一定的法律政策風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。其次,上合成員國之間對資源的競爭也容易產(chǎn)生爭端。經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)之后,俄羅斯減少了對中亞天然氣的進(jìn)口,暫停了一些在中亞的能源合作項(xiàng)目,使俄羅斯對中亞能源資源的控制力有所下降。同時(shí),曾壟斷中亞資源的俄羅斯對中國進(jìn)入中亞能源市場,建設(shè)通往中國的油氣管道抱有戒心。這不僅使俄羅斯對華能源供應(yīng)面臨競爭,削弱了俄羅斯的價(jià)格談判立場;也使俄羅斯在獲取中亞能源資源方面需要與中國競爭,中俄兩國公司在哈薩克斯坦的某些油氣項(xiàng)目上已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過爭端。此外,歐洲、美國、日韓等從未放棄對中亞地區(qū)安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)、能源等領(lǐng)域的開拓與介入。
除了在能源和經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的老話題以外,此次上合峰會也對近期熱點(diǎn)問題如敘利亞問題表達(dá)了關(guān)注,甚至是產(chǎn)生了不可忽視的積極影響。有媒體報(bào)道,中國國家主席習(xí)近平在峰會上發(fā)表講話并表示,中方支持俄方提出的將敘利亞化學(xué)武器交由國際社會監(jiān)管并銷毀的建議。各國元首們也共同呼吁盡快停止暴力,啟動廣泛政治對話,舉行國際會議。支持將敘利亞化學(xué)武器置于國際監(jiān)管之下并逐步銷毀的提議。而敘利亞問題近期的降溫與和緩趨勢也從側(cè)面表明了上合組織并非此前外界所認(rèn)為的那種各國進(jìn)行意見和信息互通的平臺或是簡單的區(qū)域性安全組織,其已經(jīng)展現(xiàn)了具有國際影響力的潛能。
毫無疑問,上合組織將是不斷壯大的維護(hù)世界穩(wěn)定,促進(jìn)和平發(fā)展的重要力量。伊朗、巴基斯坦、印度等國的積極參與和謀求加入的行動就說明了這一點(diǎn)。
新絲綢之路
古代的“古絲綢之路”作為貫通東西方的貿(mào)易通道,是經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的最早實(shí)踐,被譽(yù)為全球最重要的商貿(mào)大動脈,而當(dāng)下中方提出的“新絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”則具有舉足輕重的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。習(xí)近平主席提出政策溝通-道路聯(lián)通-貿(mào)易暢通-貨幣流通-民心相通的創(chuàng)新合作模式,令亞歐經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化成為現(xiàn)實(shí)期盼,更有望重塑世界經(jīng)濟(jì)版圖。
“新絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”東端連著充滿活力的亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)圈,西邊系著發(fā)達(dá)的歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)圈,沿線國家經(jīng)濟(jì)互補(bǔ)性強(qiáng)。在東端,中國、韓國、日本都是各種優(yōu)勢突出的重要經(jīng)濟(jì)體;在西端,整個(gè)歐盟也是政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化在世界范圍具有重大影響力的重要經(jīng)濟(jì)體。但唯獨(dú)其中段陷入了某種凹陷,有學(xué)者指出:中亞各國雖然有豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源、能源資源、土地資源和人力資源,但經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平卻與兩端的經(jīng)濟(jì)圈落差巨大,不僅人均GDP相差懸殊,而且貧困人口比例遠(yuǎn)高于歐亞大陸的平均水平。這不僅影響了本地區(qū)的發(fā)展與穩(wěn)定,也不利于歐亞大陸整體發(fā)展與穩(wěn)定。因此,“新絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”的反復(fù)提出與強(qiáng)調(diào),都說明各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已經(jīng)形成了對該問題的高度重視與共識。中國學(xué)者分析指出,如今中國提出“絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”,一是表明要在同中亞國家經(jīng)濟(jì)合作領(lǐng)域更有作為,進(jìn)而打通中亞、南亞、西亞的脈絡(luò);二是體現(xiàn)要在中亞國家中發(fā)揮更大驅(qū)動力,跟美國的中亞戰(zhàn)略形成互補(bǔ)、競合的關(guān)系。
近年來,我國與亞歐國家的貿(mào)易持續(xù)擴(kuò)大。2012年我國與中亞五國貿(mào)易額已達(dá)459.4億美元,比雙方建交首年1992年的4.6億美元增長近百倍。中國已成為哈薩克斯坦、土庫曼斯坦的第一大貿(mào)易伙伴,成為烏茲別克斯坦、吉爾吉斯斯坦的第二大貿(mào)易伙伴,成為塔吉克斯坦的第三大貿(mào)易伙伴。此外,中國已成為俄羅斯的第一大貿(mào)易伙伴,中俄貿(mào)易額也連創(chuàng)新高,2012年高達(dá)882億美元。
在“新絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”這個(gè)概念在各國熱炒的同時(shí),“西進(jìn)戰(zhàn)略”也成為我國國內(nèi)學(xué)者和媒體熱議的詞匯?!拔鬟M(jìn)”包括中亞、南亞、中東等地區(qū),中亞是中國向西開放的優(yōu)先方向,是中國連接亞歐的通道,上合組織是中國向西開放的主要平臺。
在當(dāng)前中國面臨諸如釣魚島爭端、南海爭端的海洋挑戰(zhàn)的大背景之下,就有諸如著名國際學(xué)者王緝思等人提出了大膽西進(jìn)的戰(zhàn)略建議。也就是說,中國在中亞地區(qū)全方面的發(fā)展與合作,其兼具現(xiàn)實(shí)諸如能源和安全的考慮,也包括國家層面的重大戰(zhàn)略考量。
可以說,這十幾年來,上合組織不斷發(fā)展壯大到今天,已經(jīng)成為了國際舞臺上不可忽視的重要力量。不同于北約這樣多次發(fā)動干涉戰(zhàn)爭的國際組織,上合組織已經(jīng)樹立起與之不同的代表更多發(fā)展中國家利益的國際組織的鮮明榜樣。
第四篇:上合組織蹣跚
原定于6月召開的上海合作組織(下稱“上合組織”)成員國元首會議今年被“意外地”推遲了,輪值主席國吉爾吉斯斯坦至今未正式公布峰會召開的準(zhǔn)確時(shí)間表。據(jù)《財(cái)經(jīng)》記者了解,峰會被推遲的原因是吉爾吉斯斯坦在籌備過程中出現(xiàn)了資金緊張,主辦方需要更多的時(shí)間和財(cái)力進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)峰會期間的安保力量。
5月30日,俄羅斯新任駐華大使安德烈·杰尼索夫?qū)Α敦?cái)經(jīng)》記者一再強(qiáng)調(diào),這次峰會被推遲是“組織上的問題,而不是政治上的問題。以后的峰會還會按慣例在夏天召開”。
不過鑒于中國新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人尚未對上合組織的發(fā)展定位進(jìn)行重新評估,俄羅斯國內(nèi)則出現(xiàn)了總統(tǒng)與總理不和的傳聞,上合組織成員國之間在關(guān)于地區(qū)發(fā)展的重大問題上還需要進(jìn)一步協(xié)調(diào)立場,此次上合比什凱克峰會被推遲也在“情理之中”。
從2012年到2013年初,俄羅斯、美國、日本以及中國等亞太地區(qū)主要大國相繼完成了選舉年領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和政府的更迭,上合組織如何看待和應(yīng)對外部形勢的變化,是此次比什凱克峰會需要回答的問題。而如何采取措施應(yīng)對北約撤軍后的阿富汗局勢、能否推動上合組織發(fā)展銀行等實(shí)際合作,也都關(guān)系到上合組織的定位。
經(jīng)歷了12年發(fā)展的上合組織仍然是“框架大于內(nèi)容”。中國國際問題研究所研究員石澤對《財(cái)經(jīng)》記者說,“上合組織現(xiàn)在迫切需要增強(qiáng)的是在上合框架內(nèi)通過雙邊或多邊合作解決實(shí)際問題的能力,而不是急于擴(kuò)員或是增加議題范圍,如果舍本逐末,這些都會成為上合組織將來的負(fù)擔(dān)?!?/p>
俄羅斯科學(xué)院世界經(jīng)濟(jì)與國際關(guān)系研究所副所長瓦西里·米赫耶夫(vasily mikheev)也認(rèn)為,目前上合組織所搭建的龐大架構(gòu)與實(shí)際內(nèi)容仍不匹配。經(jīng)濟(jì)合作仍有限
俄羅斯總統(tǒng)上合組織事務(wù)前特派代表基里爾·巴爾斯基曾在2012年表示,擴(kuò)大上合組織成員國的進(jìn)程有望在接納新成員國的機(jī)制取得協(xié)調(diào)后,于2013年的比什凱克峰會開始;去年上合組織峰會期間,俄羅斯總統(tǒng)普京建議,要爭取在2013年峰會前起草接收新成員通用的金融、法律和行政條件決議。
因此,擴(kuò)員將很有可能成為上合組織2013年發(fā)展中的標(biāo)志性事件。巴基斯坦、印度和伊朗都已經(jīng)提出了正式加入的申請。
上合組織最初成立時(shí)僅有中國、俄羅斯、哈薩克斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、吉爾吉斯斯坦和烏茲別克斯坦六個(gè)成員國,如今發(fā)展成為擁有蒙古、巴基斯坦、印度、伊朗和阿富汗為觀察員國,白俄羅斯和斯里蘭卡為對話伙伴國的國際組織。今年4月,身為北約成員國的土耳其也正式成為上合組織的對話伙伴國之一。
打擊恐怖主義、分裂主義和極端主義“三股勢力”是上合組織成立時(shí)的初衷,但中國一直希望將其合作領(lǐng)域多元化,特別是賦予其更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)職能。
在2010年11月舉行的上合組織成員國第九次總理會議上,時(shí)任中國國務(wù)院總理溫家寶提出要研究成立上合組織開發(fā)銀行。塔吉克斯坦媒體曾經(jīng)披露,提議中開發(fā)銀行的資金為100億美元,中國方面愿意出資80億美元。
中國已經(jīng)與成員國建立了金融合作機(jī)制:2011年6月,中國與哈薩克斯坦達(dá)成了70億元人民幣的雙邊本幣互換協(xié)議,旨在加強(qiáng)金融合作,便利兩國貿(mào)易和投資。當(dāng)年較早時(shí)間,中國與烏茲別克斯坦簽署了7億元人民幣的貨幣互換協(xié)議。除此之外,上合組織還曾經(jīng)討論過成立自身的評級機(jī)構(gòu),以幫助中亞地區(qū)國家抵御金融風(fēng)暴給其實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來的沖擊。
今年習(xí)近平作為國家主席首次與普京會面,兩國在簽署的《中俄聯(lián)合聲明》中再次強(qiáng)調(diào),上合組織要加強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)合作,特別是交通、能源、通信、農(nóng)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域合作,積極推動建立有效融資保障機(jī)制。
但不得不承認(rèn)的事實(shí)是,迄今為止在上合組織框架下并沒有六個(gè)成員國同時(shí)參與的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作項(xiàng)目,大多處在雙邊合作的水平,且大部分由中國主導(dǎo),中國對其他成員國累計(jì)投資達(dá)200多億美元?!斑@與人們所期望見到以上合組織為基本架構(gòu)的中亞地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化組織相去甚遠(yuǎn)?!眹鴦?wù)院發(fā)展研究中心歐亞社會發(fā)展研究所政治室主任盛世良說。中俄難同盟
作為上合組織中兩個(gè)最重要的國家,中國和俄羅斯在組織框架內(nèi)的合作密切程度直接關(guān)系到該組織的影響力和發(fā)展前途。近年來上合組織在經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域合作漸多,與俄羅斯對上合組織態(tài)度的變化不無關(guān)系。
在上合組織成立的最初幾年,莫斯科將其發(fā)展目標(biāo)定位為地區(qū)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人對話機(jī)制,傾向于將上合組織建設(shè)成中國為一方、俄羅斯與中亞國家為另一方的雙邊機(jī)制,將上合組織作為俄羅斯所構(gòu)建的獨(dú)聯(lián)體、歐亞經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體以及集體安全條約組織之外(集安組織)的有益補(bǔ)充;同時(shí),借助中國的影響力在國際上抗衡來自西方的壓力。
這種消極態(tài)度緣于這一時(shí)期它仍在積極謀求與美國建立“穩(wěn)定的和可預(yù)見的”新型伙伴關(guān)系。在阿富汗戰(zhàn)爭期間,俄羅斯對美國提供的支持甚至超過北約國家。
轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)發(fā)生在2004年到2005年:2004年末到2005年5月,烏克蘭、吉爾吉斯斯坦等國相繼爆發(fā)顏色革命;2004年3月,北約完成第二次東擴(kuò),進(jìn)一步擠壓俄羅斯的地緣戰(zhàn)略空間;在2004年9月發(fā)生的別斯蘭人質(zhì)事件中,美國譴責(zé)恐怖分子的同時(shí),還建議俄羅斯與車臣分裂主義分子談判和妥協(xié)。
國務(wù)院發(fā)展研究中心歐亞社會發(fā)展研究所所長助理王曉泉評述,這一系列事件讓俄羅斯對美國的戰(zhàn)略意圖有了重新認(rèn)識,俄羅斯遂明顯開始倚重上合組織,希望同中國一起將上合組織建設(shè)成為平衡美國在中亞進(jìn)行勢力擴(kuò)張的有效工具。
另一方面,中亞地區(qū)對提高經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展水平的渴求難以由俄羅斯一國滿足,俄羅斯也就不再一味反對中國與中亞國家進(jìn)行雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。
即便如此,俄羅斯仍是對上合框架下開展經(jīng)濟(jì)合作態(tài)度最為消極的一個(gè)成員國。根結(jié)在于在莫斯科眼中,上合組織發(fā)揮積極而有效的作用就會削弱歐亞經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體在中亞的影響力。
俄羅斯和中國固然在推動世界格局多極化,維護(hù)中亞地區(qū)穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展,打擊區(qū)域內(nèi)“三股勢力”上有著共同語言,但是俄羅斯顯然不愿意過多出讓在中亞地區(qū)事務(wù)上的主導(dǎo)權(quán)。
盛世良對《財(cái)經(jīng)》記者回憶了他在2011年與普京的一次談話過程:“當(dāng)時(shí)我問普京:‘你是如何定義上合組織和你所倡導(dǎo)的歐亞聯(lián)盟之間的關(guān)系的?’普京立刻表現(xiàn)得非常警惕,他對我說:‘上合組織是一個(gè)安全合作平臺,而歐亞聯(lián)盟是俄羅斯倡導(dǎo)的一個(gè)區(qū)域一體化組織?!?/p>
盛世良總結(jié)認(rèn)為,在俄羅斯所參加的各種國際組織中,上合組織是被排在最末位的,因?yàn)閷τ谒荒苤鲗?dǎo)的組織,俄羅斯不愿意過多投入財(cái)力和精力。
此外,即便是在上合組織的“本職”安全領(lǐng)域,上合組織成員國之間的合作僅限于情報(bào)共享和針對伊斯蘭極端分子的聯(lián)合執(zhí)法,未能像俄羅斯所主導(dǎo)的集安組織一樣擁有常設(shè)的快速反應(yīng)部隊(duì)和司令部。
集安組織秘書長尼古拉·博爾久扎曾評論說:“上合組織和集安組織是截然不同的兩個(gè)組織??(集安組織的)情報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)、執(zhí)法部門和軍事部門的高度一體化,使我們的行動比其他政治機(jī)構(gòu),如歐安組織、上合組織和獨(dú)聯(lián)體,更加默契?!?/p>
在美國戰(zhàn)略與國際問題研究中心俄羅斯問題專家杰弗里·曼科夫(jeffrey mankoff)看來,上合組織更像是中俄兩國“觀察彼此的論壇”,而不是兩國共同應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)的工具。俄羅斯在無法阻止中國與中亞國家加強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)合作的趨勢下,積極參與的最大收獲就是為其提供了限制中國在中亞擴(kuò)張勢力的手段。美國因素?fù)]之不去
總而言之,中國和俄羅斯對上合組織的定位大相徑庭,也就意味著上合組織因素對中俄關(guān)系的增量有限。中國更希望通過上合組織來維護(hù)西部安全,為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展創(chuàng)造有利的外部環(huán)境;而俄羅斯則更重視上合組織在推動世界多極化、在地緣上抵御美國和北約在中亞進(jìn)行擴(kuò)張的作用。
不過,無論是中國、俄羅斯還是中亞國家,在發(fā)展上合組織的考量中都納入了美國的因素。
中國始終拒絕將上合組織發(fā)展成為一個(gè)純粹的安全組織,避免其成為華沙條約組織在冷戰(zhàn)后的替代品,就是為了避免形成與美國的直接沖突;俄羅斯則借助上合組織的力量來抵御西方對俄羅斯戰(zhàn)略空間的擠壓。
正是這些因素,為現(xiàn)在的中俄彌合分歧、加強(qiáng)在上合組織的合作提供了動力。在美國“重返亞太”的背景下,俄羅斯是平衡地區(qū)格局的一支重要力量;而對俄羅斯來說,與中國的合作可以增加與美國進(jìn)行導(dǎo)彈防御計(jì)劃談判的空間。
雖然美國對上合組織的實(shí)力有所質(zhì)疑,也了解其內(nèi)部各種分歧的存在,但認(rèn)為上合組織已對美國在中亞的利益構(gòu)成威脅、需要認(rèn)真對待的觀點(diǎn)逐漸成型。不過這些討論僅限于美國戰(zhàn)略分析界,自美國于2005年提出成為上合組織觀察員國的申請?jiān)饩芎螅两窬驮贈]出現(xiàn)關(guān)于美國與上合組織發(fā)展合作關(guān)系的官方文件。美國也很少公開發(fā)表關(guān)于針對上合組織的言論。
俄羅斯大使杰尼索夫表示:中俄兩國歡迎一個(gè)作為伙伴的美國,而不是一個(gè)對本地區(qū)事務(wù)指手劃腳的美國??但中俄之間的合作是基于雙方的共同利益,中俄之間不需要結(jié)盟的合作方式。
“上合組織在未來十年中將面臨更為嚴(yán)峻的地區(qū)形勢,最重要的還是提升其執(zhí)行力,尋找更切實(shí)際的、更容易的合作項(xiàng)目作為突破口。即便是六個(gè)成員國不能達(dá)成一致,中國也可以尋求在上合組織框架內(nèi)的雙邊或多邊合作,從而進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)上合組織的凝聚力?!笔瘽烧f。
第五篇:雙語新聞
Didi moves to offset China woes with Brazil tie-up 滴滴出行與巴西同行結(jié)盟
zhōngguózuìdàwǎngyuēchēpíngtáiyǔbāxīkāifābāxīnǎizhìzhěnggèlāměishìchǎng
dīdīchūxíngyǔbāxītónghángjiéméng中國最大網(wǎng)約車平臺與巴西99確立戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴關(guān)系,以
yǔyōubùzàiquánqiúzhǎnkāijìngzhēng
quèlìzhànlüèhézuòhuǒbànguānxìyǐ開發(fā)巴西乃至整個(gè)拉美市場,與優(yōu)步在全球展開競爭。
China’s biggest ride-hailing platform, DidiChuxing, is making its first move in Brazil in a drive to win market share in emerging economies.zhōngguózuìdàdewǎngyuēchēpíngtáidīdīchūxíngzàibāxīmàichūdìyībùyǐqiúzàixīnxīngjīngjìtǐduóqǔshìchǎngfèné中國最大的網(wǎng)約車平臺滴滴出行在巴西邁出第一步,以求在新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體奪取市場份額。
The move comes as Didi faces regulatory pressures in its home market and is engaged in global rivalry with Uber.采取此舉之際,滴滴在國內(nèi)市場面臨監(jiān)管壓力,同時(shí)與優(yōu)步(Uber)在全球展開競爭。
The strategic partnership with 99, Brazil’s homegrown taxi-booking platform, will give Didi a seat on 99’s board of directors, the two companies announced yesterday.zàiquánqiúzhǎnkāijìngzhēngcǎiqǔcǐjǔzhījìdīdīzàiguónèishìchǎngmiànlínjiānguǎnyālìtóngshíyǔyōubù滴滴與巴西本土出租車預(yù)約平臺99結(jié)成了戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴guānxìjùliǎngjiāgōngsīzuórìxuānbù
dīdījiāngzàidīdīyǔbāxīběntǔchūzūchēyùyuēpíngtáijiéchénglezhànlüèhézuòhuǒbàn
dedǒngshìhuìzhànjùyīgèxíwèi關(guān)系。據(jù)兩家公司昨日宣布,滴滴將在99的董事會占據(jù)一個(gè)席位。
“The focus for the partnership with 99 is on developing the enormous, untapped potentials of Brazilian and Latin American markets,” said Didi, adding that it has “a very firm commitment to a globalisation strategy”.“與99結(jié)成伙伴關(guān)系,重點(diǎn)是要挖掘巴西乃至整個(gè)拉美shìchǎngshàngwèikāifādejùdàqiánlìjiāngjiāndìngtuījìnyǔjiéchénghuǒbànguānxìzhòngdiǎnshìyàowājuébāxīnǎizhìzhěnggèlāměi
dīdībiǎoshì
gāigōngsībǔchōngchēng市場尚未開發(fā)的巨大潛力,”滴滴表示。該公司補(bǔ)充稱,其將堅(jiān)定推進(jìn)“全球化戰(zhàn)略”。quánqiúhuàzhànlüè
qí“The war on one front is now being fought everywhere, globally,” said William Bao Bean, partner at SOSV, the Chinese software start-up accelerator.“Before it was fine to be the top app in China or in the US.That’s no longer enough for Uber or Didi.”
“一條戰(zhàn)線上的戰(zhàn)爭如今在全球各地打響,”中國ruǎnjiànchuàngyèjiāsùqìyītiáozhànxiànshàngdezhànzhēngrújīnzàiquánqiúgèdìdǎxiǎng
dehéhuǒrénbīnwēiliánbiǎoshì
guòqù
zhōngguó軟件創(chuàng)業(yè)加速器SOSV的合伙人賓威廉表示?!斑^去,成為
chéngwéizhōngguóhuòměiguódetóuhàole中國或美國的頭號app就行了?,F(xiàn)在那對優(yōu)步或滴滴已經(jīng)不夠
jiùhánglexiànzàinàduìyōubùhuòdīdīyǐjīngbúgòu了?!?/p>
Didi has also invested in Lyft, Uber’s main US rival, as well as GrabTaxi, which is popular in Southeast Asia.The three car-sharing apps are part of a global anti-Uber alliance in which users of one app can hail the others’ cars when travelling abroad.滴滴還投資于優(yōu)步在美國的主要競爭對手Lyft,以及在dōngnányàshòuhuānyíngdeliánméngdeyíbùfengèdechēdīdīháitóuzīyúyōubùzàiměiguódezhǔyàojìngzhēngduìshǒu
zhèsāngèpīnchē
yǐjízài東南亞受歡迎的GrabTaxi。這三個(gè)拼車app是全球反優(yōu)步聯(lián)盟的一部分,其中一個(gè)app的用戶在國外旅行時(shí)可以叫另兩
qízhōngyīgè
deyònghùzàiguówàilǚxíngshíkěyǐjiàolìngliǎng
shìquánqiúfǎnyōubù個(gè)app的車。