第一篇:李克強(qiáng)達(dá)沃斯論壇講話
請(qǐng)2014考研同學(xué)關(guān)注李克強(qiáng)總理達(dá)沃斯論壇的講話
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? 李克強(qiáng)在第七屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇上的致辭
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中新網(wǎng)9月12日電 據(jù)中國(guó)政府網(wǎng)消息,2013夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇開(kāi)幕式于9月11日下午在大連國(guó)際會(huì)議中心全會(huì)廳舉行,國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)在開(kāi)幕式上發(fā)表特別致辭。全文如下:以改革創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展
—在第七屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇上的致辭
尊敬的克勞斯 施瓦布主席先生和夫人,尊敬的各位貴賓、女士們、先生們、朋友們:首先,我代表中國(guó)政府對(duì)第七屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇的召開(kāi)表示熱烈祝賀!對(duì)各位嘉賓的光臨表示誠(chéng)摯歡迎!
7年前,達(dá)沃斯論壇從瑞士的高山之巔來(lái)到中國(guó)的渤海之濱,我當(dāng)時(shí)正在遼寧工作,親身參與了論壇的創(chuàng)辦,至今歷歷在目。這些年來(lái),論壇在大連和天津輪流舉辦,影響越來(lái)越大,我感到由衷高興。本屆論壇以“創(chuàng)新:勢(shì)在必行”為主題,具有很強(qiáng)的引領(lǐng)性和前瞻性。
從2008年9月至今,國(guó)際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)已整整五年。目前世界經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)仍錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜,發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體剛出現(xiàn)一些好轉(zhuǎn)跡象,新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體又面臨較大下行壓力,可謂一波未平一波又起。受多重因素影響,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度也有所放緩,昨天,我和施瓦布先生一起與部分企業(yè)家代表進(jìn)行了交流,大家對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)及發(fā)展前景等問(wèn)題十分關(guān)心。一段時(shí)間以來(lái),國(guó)際上對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)有不少議論,擔(dān)心會(huì)不會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些國(guó)家曾遇到的增長(zhǎng)過(guò)早放緩問(wèn)題,甚至出現(xiàn)“硬著陸”。我想告訴大家,中國(guó)正處在轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)的關(guān)鍵階段,當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基本面是好的,經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行總體是平穩(wěn)的。
今年一季度,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速?gòu)娜ツ晁募径鹊?.9%下滑到7.7%,二季度又下行至7.5%,消費(fèi)、投資以及外貿(mào)增速呈下行態(tài)勢(shì),中央財(cái)政收入出現(xiàn)多年來(lái)少有的負(fù)增長(zhǎng)。面對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力,我們堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)的工作總基調(diào),采取了一系列創(chuàng)新性的政策措施,統(tǒng)籌穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促改革,保證了經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。
第一,兼顧當(dāng)前和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn),穩(wěn)定宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。經(jīng)濟(jì)下行時(shí),用短期刺激政策把經(jīng)濟(jì)增速推高,不失為一種辦法,但我們權(quán)衡利弊,認(rèn)為這無(wú)助于解決深層次問(wèn)題,因而選擇了既利當(dāng)前、更惠長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的策略,保持宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的穩(wěn)定。在財(cái)政政策方面,堅(jiān)持不擴(kuò)大赤字,而是調(diào)整支出結(jié)構(gòu),壓縮行政開(kāi)支,加快支出進(jìn)度,加大對(duì)中西部地區(qū)、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、保障民生的支持,對(duì)小微企業(yè)實(shí)行稅收優(yōu)惠。在貨幣政策方面,保持定力,即使貨幣市場(chǎng)出現(xiàn)短期波動(dòng),我們也沉著應(yīng)對(duì),不畏艱險(xiǎn),既不放松也不收緊銀根,管理好流動(dòng)性,重點(diǎn)通過(guò)盤(pán)活存量、用好增量,支持實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。我們還通過(guò)加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管和規(guī)范發(fā)展,積極防范和化解財(cái)政金融領(lǐng)域的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。對(duì)大家都很關(guān)注的地方政府性債務(wù)問(wèn)題,我們正在采取有針對(duì)性的措施,有序規(guī)范和化解。可以有把握地說(shuō),總體是安全可控的。
第二,堅(jiān)定不移推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放,著力激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力。改革創(chuàng)新是一個(gè)國(guó)家發(fā)展的不竭
動(dòng)力。本屆政府開(kāi)門(mén)做的第一件大事,就是以轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能為核心,大力推進(jìn)行政管理體制改革。今年以來(lái)已取消和下放了200多項(xiàng)行政審批事項(xiàng),目的是通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán),把該放的權(quán)力放開(kāi)、放到位,把該管的事情管好、管到位,為各類(lèi)企業(yè)營(yíng)造公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的環(huán)境,激發(fā)市場(chǎng)主體創(chuàng)造活力。我們擴(kuò)大了“營(yíng)改增”試點(diǎn)范圍,積極推動(dòng)利率市場(chǎng)化進(jìn)程、鐵路等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投融資體制、資源性產(chǎn)品價(jià)格、政府購(gòu)買(mǎi)公共服務(wù)等領(lǐng)域改革。我們加快推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)改革,發(fā)展混合所有制經(jīng)濟(jì),在金融、石油、電力、鐵路、電信、資源開(kāi)發(fā)、公用事業(yè)、服務(wù)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入,引導(dǎo)民間投資增長(zhǎng),為各類(lèi)所有制企業(yè)提供更大發(fā)展空間。中國(guó)的現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)要依靠改革,也離不開(kāi)開(kāi)放。我們不斷探索對(duì)外開(kāi)放的新路子,上半年與歐洲國(guó)家瑞士和冰島簽署了自貿(mào)協(xié)定,最近又與東盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人商議打造中國(guó)—東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)升級(jí)版。在上海建立自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū),探索負(fù)面清單管理模式,重點(diǎn)在投資準(zhǔn)入、服務(wù)貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域擴(kuò)大開(kāi)放。我們還推出了提高對(duì)外貿(mào)易便利化等措施促進(jìn)進(jìn)出口平穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)。
第三,著眼轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),調(diào)整優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)到了只有轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)才能持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵階段。擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需是最大的結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)和區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展是主要任務(wù),實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化、新型城鎮(zhèn)化、信息化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化同步推進(jìn)是基本途徑,發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)是重要戰(zhàn)略支撐。我們積極培育新的消費(fèi)熱點(diǎn),推動(dòng)實(shí)施“寬帶中國(guó)”戰(zhàn)略。我們加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)建設(shè),增加節(jié)能環(huán)保、棚戶(hù)區(qū)改造、城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、中西部鐵路等方面的投資,加大對(duì)集中連片特困地區(qū)的支持力度。我們出臺(tái)專(zhuān)門(mén)政策措施,促進(jìn)養(yǎng)老、健康、文化、教育等服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展。加快實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,大力推進(jìn)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,促進(jìn)科技與經(jīng)濟(jì)深度融合,營(yíng)造有利于創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)的社會(huì)環(huán)境。
今年以來(lái),中國(guó)穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促改革協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn),主要得益于宏觀管理方式的創(chuàng)新。我們根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?jié)摿彤?dāng)前實(shí)際,科學(xué)確定經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的合理區(qū)間,守住穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、保就業(yè)的“下限”,把握好防通脹的“上限”。這也是預(yù)期調(diào)節(jié)的預(yù)警線。同時(shí),制定與經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行合理區(qū)間相配套的宏觀政策框架。只要經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行處在合理區(qū)間,經(jīng)濟(jì)總量政策就保持基本穩(wěn)定,主線是轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式,著力點(diǎn)是調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu),關(guān)鍵舉措仍然是推動(dòng)改革創(chuàng)新,不斷釋放內(nèi)需潛力、創(chuàng)新動(dòng)力和改革紅利,以激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力,形成增長(zhǎng)的內(nèi)生力量,著力打造中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)升級(jí)版。
這些舉措,使中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行呈現(xiàn)企穩(wěn)向好勢(shì)頭。從7、8月份情況看,制造業(yè)經(jīng)理人采購(gòu)指數(shù)(PMI)、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)者出廠價(jià)格指數(shù)(PPI)、工業(yè)增加值、進(jìn)出口、用電量、貨運(yùn)量等主要指標(biāo)普遍回升,實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)活躍,城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大,物價(jià)總水平保持穩(wěn)定,市場(chǎng)信心增強(qiáng),社會(huì)預(yù)期向好。這種穩(wěn)中有進(jìn)的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)讓我們堅(jiān)信,今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的預(yù)期目標(biāo)一定能實(shí)現(xiàn)。同時(shí)也要看到,目前經(jīng)濟(jì)回升的基礎(chǔ)仍不牢固,不確定因素還很多。我們不能也不會(huì)掉以輕心,要做好進(jìn)一步克服困難和應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的準(zhǔn)備。
女士們,先生們!
中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)30多年的高速增長(zhǎng),創(chuàng)造了世界發(fā)展史上的奇跡。當(dāng)前中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已進(jìn)入中高速增長(zhǎng)階段。7.5%左右的增速與過(guò)去近兩位數(shù)的增長(zhǎng)相比是慢了一些,但從世界范圍看,仍然是世界主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體中的高速度。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)總量比過(guò)去明顯增大,目前已進(jìn)入轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展階段,潛在增長(zhǎng)率有所下降,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)由高速轉(zhuǎn)為中高速符合發(fā)展規(guī)律。而且,未來(lái)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)必須以提高質(zhì)量和效益為前提,必須以資源節(jié)約和生態(tài)環(huán)保為支撐,必須以科技創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)進(jìn)步為動(dòng)力,必須是有就業(yè)保障和居民收入相應(yīng)增加的增長(zhǎng)。也就是說(shuō),讓改革和發(fā)展的成果惠及最廣大的人民群眾。
展望未來(lái),中國(guó)發(fā)展前景光明。我們完全有能力、有條件保持經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。中國(guó)的工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化遠(yuǎn)未完成,區(qū)域發(fā)展回旋余地和市場(chǎng)潛力巨大;改革大勢(shì)不可逆轉(zhuǎn),推進(jìn)改革必將釋放出新的制度活力;中國(guó)人民勤勞智慧、自強(qiáng)不息,是最重要的發(fā)展支撐。我們將持續(xù)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì),不斷改善民生,促進(jìn)社會(huì)公正,堅(jiān)定不移地沿著改革開(kāi)放之路走下去,把中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)不斷推向前進(jìn)。只要我們咬定長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo)不放松,解決眼前問(wèn)題不懈怠,中國(guó)這艘經(jīng)濟(jì)巨輪就一定能夠乘風(fēng)破浪,揚(yáng)帆遠(yuǎn)航。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)一定能保持長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展!
女士們,先生們!
當(dāng)今世界,經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、世界多極化、社會(huì)信息化深入發(fā)展,我們同住一個(gè)“地球村”,沒(méi)有哪一個(gè)國(guó)家能變成離群索居的“魯濱遜”。這些年來(lái),中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展從對(duì)外開(kāi)放中獲益匪淺。同時(shí),中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的主要推動(dòng)力量之一,在應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)中也發(fā)揮了重要作用。預(yù)計(jì)未來(lái)5年中國(guó)進(jìn)口將達(dá)10萬(wàn)億美元,對(duì)外投資5000億美元,出境旅游超過(guò)4億人次。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),將對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮和發(fā)展作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。中國(guó)愿與世界共同分享這一巨大的商機(jī),也希望各國(guó)能夠?yàn)橹袊?guó)發(fā)展提供更好的合作環(huán)境。
中國(guó)作為一個(gè)發(fā)展中大國(guó),在國(guó)際事務(wù)中有自己的責(zé)任和擔(dān)當(dāng)。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)體量的增大,中國(guó)在國(guó)際上發(fā)揮的作用也會(huì)相應(yīng)增大。中國(guó)有句古話:“君子成人之美”。只有美人之美,才能美美與共。我們?cè)敢飧鄥⑴c國(guó)際治理,盡可能提供國(guó)際公共產(chǎn)品;與其他發(fā)展中國(guó)家分享減貧經(jīng)驗(yàn),提供更多幫助;為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長(zhǎng)分擔(dān)責(zé)任作出貢獻(xiàn)。當(dāng)然,中國(guó)仍是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家,按照國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn),還有一億多人生活在貧困線下。中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化還需要一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期艱苦的過(guò)程,中國(guó)承擔(dān)的國(guó)際責(zé)任和義務(wù)只能與自身的理念和發(fā)展水平相適應(yīng)。
當(dāng)前世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇艱難曲折,國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào),完善應(yīng)對(duì)跨國(guó)金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的準(zhǔn)備,加快全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理改革。提升發(fā)展中國(guó)家在國(guó)際事務(wù)中的代表性和話語(yǔ)權(quán),盡可能減小宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策變化對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)特別是新興市場(chǎng)國(guó)家的沖擊。各國(guó)還應(yīng)進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大相互開(kāi)放,旗幟鮮明反對(duì)各種形式的保護(hù)主義,齊心協(xié)力做大世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的蛋糕。
中國(guó)將一如既往鼓勵(lì)外國(guó)公司來(lái)華投資興業(yè),進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化投資環(huán)境,強(qiáng)化知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù),營(yíng)造平等使用生產(chǎn)要素、公平參與市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、同等受到法律保護(hù)、共同承擔(dān)社會(huì)責(zé)任的環(huán)境。我們將繼續(xù)用事實(shí)證明,選擇中國(guó)是跨國(guó)公司興旺發(fā)達(dá)的明智之舉、上乘之策。女士們、先生們!
我們生活在一個(gè)飛速變革的時(shí)代,變革呼喚創(chuàng)新,創(chuàng)新推動(dòng)進(jìn)步。中國(guó)政府所采取的一系列政策,都貫穿著改革創(chuàng)新的理念和精神。創(chuàng)新是我們永遠(yuǎn)高揚(yáng)的旗幟。希望在座的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)新領(lǐng)軍者成為各自領(lǐng)域改革創(chuàng)新的生力軍。多年來(lái),夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇成為聚焦中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要平臺(tái),發(fā)揮著獨(dú)特作用。今天,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的奇跡已進(jìn)入提質(zhì)增效的“第二季”,后面的故事會(huì)更精彩。我相信,夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇會(huì)越辦越好,不僅向世界展示中國(guó)人民建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化國(guó)家的多彩風(fēng)貌,也為世界和中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)共同繁榮貢獻(xiàn)更多智慧和力量!
最后,預(yù)祝本次論壇圓滿(mǎn)成功!
謝謝。
第二篇:李克強(qiáng)達(dá)沃斯論壇講話
大連論壇傳播中國(guó)信心
【瑞士《新蘇黎世報(bào)》網(wǎng)站9月11日?qǐng)?bào)道】題:李克強(qiáng)傳播信心
會(huì)場(chǎng)布置就很宏大。在中國(guó)東北部城市大連的港口附近,一片分布著酒店、高層住宅和一座未來(lái)主義風(fēng)格會(huì)議中心的新城區(qū)在過(guò)去兩年半內(nèi)拔地而起。自2007年開(kāi)始,大連和天津輪流舉辦世界經(jīng)濟(jì)“新領(lǐng)軍者”的夏季達(dá)沃斯年會(huì)。這里很容易給質(zhì)疑中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)的人留下深刻印象。本周三,中國(guó)總理李克強(qiáng)依慣例為論壇揭幕。他傳遞出的信心也反映在了會(huì)場(chǎng)布置中。
鑒于最近幾個(gè)月外界對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的擔(dān)憂(yōu)和對(duì)新一屆政府實(shí)施改革的期望,李克強(qiáng)的講話尤其令人期待。李克強(qiáng)并沒(méi)有再宣布新舉措,而是讓大家相信,中國(guó)政府對(duì)國(guó)家的中長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展持有樂(lè)觀態(tài)度,他同時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào),國(guó)家能夠順利克服經(jīng)濟(jì)的短期動(dòng)蕩。
他對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)近2000名來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化界代表說(shuō),中國(guó)政府已經(jīng)為確保經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和推進(jìn)改革出臺(tái)了創(chuàng)新舉措。初步措施包括根據(jù)當(dāng)前形勢(shì)保持宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策穩(wěn)定,推進(jìn)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)的行政管理體制改革,締結(jié)自貿(mào)協(xié)定以及調(diào)整優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu),以支撐經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型。
李克強(qiáng)表示,上述措施的成效已經(jīng)體現(xiàn)在前兩個(gè)月令人鼓舞的經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)中。經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)預(yù)定目標(biāo)得以實(shí)現(xiàn),但不排除反彈的可能性。由于中國(guó)必須改變自身的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)模式,因此經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩也很正常。
李克強(qiáng)說(shuō),中國(guó)在過(guò)去30多年中取得的經(jīng)濟(jì)成就創(chuàng)造了世界發(fā)展史上的奇跡。他希望其他國(guó)家也能分享這一成果———中國(guó)奇跡剛剛翻開(kāi)新的篇章。
【拉美社北京9月11日電】中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)11日在大連2013年夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇開(kāi)幕式上致辭時(shí)說(shuō),中國(guó)深化改革對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。他強(qiáng)調(diào),中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)是穩(wěn)定的,將繼續(xù)向前推進(jìn)。
他指出,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)進(jìn)入中高速增長(zhǎng)階段,盡管處在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)雜局勢(shì)之中,但今年中國(guó)將實(shí)現(xiàn)7.5%的增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)。
他說(shuō),中國(guó)正處在轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)的關(guān)鍵階段,當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基本面是好的,經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行總體平穩(wěn)。李克強(qiáng)還提到了地方政府債務(wù)問(wèn)題,表示中央政府已經(jīng)采取了適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧┱{(diào)整,這一問(wèn)題正在得到控制。
此次夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇的主題是“創(chuàng)新:勢(shì)在必行”。來(lái)自90多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的超過(guò)1500名各國(guó)政要和企業(yè)家代表將出席為期3天的會(huì)議,就可持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)、能源安全、貿(mào)易和投資展開(kāi)深入探討。
【《日本經(jīng)濟(jì)新聞》9月12日?qǐng)?bào)道】中國(guó)總理李克強(qiáng)11日在大連演講時(shí)表示:“當(dāng)前中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已進(jìn)入中高速增長(zhǎng)階段?!?/p>
李總理是在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇主辦的夏季達(dá)沃斯年會(huì)上致辭時(shí)提到上述內(nèi)容的。今年11月,中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨將召開(kāi)十八屆三中全會(huì),以確定今后經(jīng)濟(jì)改革方向。李總理此次是在中央全會(huì)之前提示了政策重點(diǎn)。
針對(duì)擔(dān)心中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)“硬著陸”的聲音,他自信地表示:“我們完全有能力、有條件保持經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。”
改革保障中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)升級(jí)
【美國(guó)《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》9月12日?qǐng)?bào)道】中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)周三表示,他相信中國(guó)將實(shí)現(xiàn)今年的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo),同時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)了政府推進(jìn)各項(xiàng)改革的決心。
李克強(qiáng)重申了一系列的改革目標(biāo),包括繼續(xù)推進(jìn)利率市場(chǎng)化、擇機(jī)推出存款保險(xiǎn)制度、推進(jìn)人民幣資本項(xiàng)下可兌換以及改革人民幣匯率機(jī)制。但他也表示,要推進(jìn)這些改革,政府需要加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管能力。
【英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》9月12日?qǐng)?bào)道】中國(guó)總理李克強(qiáng)誓言全面改革目前由國(guó)家主導(dǎo)的金融機(jī)構(gòu)、放開(kāi)利率管制,并最終讓人民幣實(shí)現(xiàn)完全可兌換。他全面重申了新一屆政府的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革議程。
今年3月出任總理的李克強(qiáng),周三在大連舉行的夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇上對(duì)一群國(guó)際聽(tīng)眾發(fā)表講話。他還提供了金融業(yè)改革的一些細(xì)節(jié)。
他表示,他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的政府意在“積極穩(wěn)妥地推進(jìn)利率、匯率的市場(chǎng)化”,并“逐步推進(jìn)人民幣資本項(xiàng)下可兌換”。
他還發(fā)出信號(hào)暗示,北京方面有意讓中國(guó)蓬勃發(fā)展的金融業(yè)加大開(kāi)放。目前,中國(guó)金融業(yè)仍由國(guó)有巨擘主導(dǎo)。
【香港《信報(bào)》9月12日?qǐng)?bào)道】國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)昨天在大連舉行的夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇上勾勒了中國(guó)經(jīng)改路線藍(lán)圖,強(qiáng)調(diào)深化改革和制度創(chuàng)新,以“打造中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)升級(jí)版”。很明顯,在發(fā)展模式轉(zhuǎn)變的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻,深化改革無(wú)疑是化解結(jié)構(gòu)矛盾治本之道;加快制度創(chuàng)新,也是中國(guó)突破目前發(fā)展困局的唯一出路。
【香港星島環(huán)球網(wǎng)9月12日?qǐng)?bào)道】以“創(chuàng)新”為主題的2013年夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇11日傍晚在大連舉行開(kāi)幕儀式,中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)在開(kāi)幕式上作主旨演講時(shí)再次強(qiáng)調(diào)改革開(kāi)放,稱(chēng)“改革大勢(shì)不可逆轉(zhuǎn)”。
這是李克強(qiáng)自9月3日來(lái)的9天內(nèi)第4次強(qiáng)調(diào)“改革”。在3日的第十屆中國(guó)—東盟博覽會(huì)上,李克強(qiáng)指出,應(yīng)著力釋放改革紅利,積極促進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化,充分發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)機(jī)制的作用。
觀察家認(rèn)為,中共高層連日來(lái)向外界發(fā)聲,傳遞出改革的堅(jiān)定決心,也意味中國(guó)改革進(jìn)程的重啟。
2013年,新一屆政府開(kāi)門(mén)第一件事,就是大力推行行政體制改革,至今已取消和下放200多項(xiàng)行政審批事項(xiàng)。
即將于11月召開(kāi)的十八屆三中全會(huì),將全面研究深化改革重大問(wèn)題。外界普遍對(duì)三中全會(huì)寄予厚望,認(rèn)為將出臺(tái)重大改革措施。
【法新社大連9月12日電】企業(yè)高管和分析師12日對(duì)中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇夏季達(dá)沃斯年會(huì)開(kāi)幕式上致辭時(shí)作出的改革承諾表示歡迎,但警告說(shuō)這將是一個(gè)緩慢的、循序漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程。
分析師們表示,“大爆炸”式改革并不是考慮的選項(xiàng)。
中歐國(guó)際工商學(xué)院副院長(zhǎng)蘇理達(dá)在會(huì)議間隙表示:“中國(guó)將宣布進(jìn)一步開(kāi)放金融市場(chǎng)?!彼a(bǔ)充說(shuō):“如果中國(guó)呼吁進(jìn)行‘大爆炸’式改革,那將是很不明智的做法。他們會(huì)采取循序漸進(jìn)的步驟?!?/p>
激活市場(chǎng)活力備受期待
【英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》9月11日文章】李克強(qiáng)首次以中國(guó)總理身份亮相夏季達(dá)沃斯,正值中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)備受關(guān)注之際,當(dāng)他闡明施政路線圖時(shí),國(guó)人與世界自會(huì)聆聽(tīng)。
與往屆中國(guó)總理在達(dá)沃斯宣言改革開(kāi)放一致,李克強(qiáng)演講也以改革開(kāi)放為關(guān)鍵詞。不同的是,上任剛好半年的李克強(qiáng)為改革開(kāi)放制定了有其特色的方案,其施政路線圖日趨清晰,包含三個(gè)要素:首先是認(rèn)可增速中樞下移而非借助短期刺激,其次以自貿(mào)區(qū)等制度建設(shè)促進(jìn)開(kāi)放,最后則是激活市場(chǎng)活力。
這實(shí)際上延續(xù)了李克強(qiáng)9月8日在英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》署名文章中的表態(tài),那就是面對(duì)外界對(duì)中國(guó)“硬著陸”的擔(dān)憂(yōu)、改革是否繼續(xù)的疑問(wèn),他堅(jiān)稱(chēng),中國(guó)將保持經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期健康發(fā)展,將繼續(xù)走改革開(kāi)放之路。
回顧歷史,在中國(guó)的開(kāi)放過(guò)程中,外來(lái)刺激的作用不可小覷?,F(xiàn)在,李克強(qiáng)構(gòu)思的開(kāi)放,思路逐漸明晰:他上任以來(lái)力推上海自貿(mào)區(qū),不僅僅是探索如何強(qiáng)化中國(guó)與世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的聯(lián)系,而且是如何引進(jìn)現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的一系列國(guó)際通用做法與游戲規(guī)則。
除了開(kāi)放之外,李克強(qiáng)的改革也自有其不同以往的特色,那就是他多次強(qiáng)調(diào)激活市場(chǎng)的活力,各項(xiàng)改革措施都以激活市場(chǎng)活力為目標(biāo),進(jìn)一步剔除經(jīng)濟(jì)體制中殘留的雙軌制。李克強(qiáng)式改革就是希望通過(guò)約束政府、留給市場(chǎng)更大的空間來(lái)激活市場(chǎng)活力。
【臺(tái)灣《工商時(shí)報(bào)》9月12日文章】中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)上任之后,以令人驚訝的氣魄,推動(dòng)大陸經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融自由化政策,包括7月5日發(fā)布簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)為金融“國(guó)十條”的文件,明確宣示金融改革指導(dǎo)方針;7月18日再宣布放款利率自由化的措施;8月初國(guó)務(wù)院會(huì)議審議通過(guò)上海自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)總體方案,吹響經(jīng)貿(mào)、投資與人民幣資本項(xiàng)目自由化的號(hào)角;9月6日國(guó)債期貨在中國(guó)金融期貨交易所上市交易,闊別市場(chǎng)近18年的國(guó)債期貨再度擔(dān)綱,扮演金融自由化的先鋒部隊(duì)。
外界密切觀察習(xí)近平、李克強(qiáng)接班后,如何快速樹(shù)立權(quán)威,媒體討論的焦點(diǎn)一度鎖定在政治改革的進(jìn)程上。不過(guò),習(xí)李執(zhí)政將近一年,外界看到他們一手嚴(yán)打貪腐,另外一手,習(xí)李卻未輕啟政治體制改革,而是強(qiáng)力推動(dòng)金融自由化與經(jīng)貿(mào)自由化。經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革,成為習(xí)李掌權(quán)后政策革新的重中之重。
【《日本經(jīng)濟(jì)新聞》9月12日?qǐng)?bào)道】中國(guó)總理李克強(qiáng)11日在演講中以“中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已進(jìn)入中高速增長(zhǎng)階段”的用詞,強(qiáng)調(diào)中國(guó)將維持經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)。很多人期待能夠更加重視推進(jìn)改革而非經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。(本文選自《參考消息》)
第三篇:2013李克強(qiáng)達(dá)沃斯講話
原標(biāo)題:李克強(qiáng):在第七屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇上的致辭
以改革創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展
——在第七屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇上的致辭
李克強(qiáng)(2013年9月11日)
尊敬的克勞斯·施瓦布主席先生和夫人,尊敬的各位貴賓、女士們、先生們、朋友們:
首先,我代表中國(guó)政府對(duì)第七屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇的召開(kāi)表示熱烈祝賀!對(duì)各位嘉賓的光臨表示誠(chéng)摯歡迎!
7年前,達(dá)沃斯論壇從瑞士的高山之巔來(lái)到中國(guó)的渤海之濱,我當(dāng)時(shí)正在遼寧工作,親身參與了論壇的創(chuàng)辦,至今歷歷在目。這些年來(lái),論壇在大連和天津輪流舉辦,影響越來(lái)越大,我感到由衷高興。本屆論壇以“創(chuàng)新:勢(shì)在必行”為主題,具有很強(qiáng)的引領(lǐng)性和前瞻性。
從2008年9月至今,國(guó)際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)已整整五年。目前世界經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)仍錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜,發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體剛出現(xiàn)一些好轉(zhuǎn)跡象,新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體又面臨較大下行壓力,可謂一波未平一波又起。受多重因素影響,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度也有所放緩,昨天,我和施瓦布先生一起與部分企業(yè)家代表進(jìn)行了交流,大家對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)及發(fā)展前景等問(wèn)題十分關(guān)心。一段時(shí)間以來(lái),國(guó)際上對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)有不少議論,擔(dān)心會(huì)不會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些國(guó)家曾遇到的增長(zhǎng)過(guò)早放緩問(wèn)題,甚至出現(xiàn)“硬著陸”。我想告訴大家,中國(guó)正處在轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)的關(guān)鍵階段,當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基本面是好的,經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行總體是平穩(wěn)的。
今年一季度,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速?gòu)娜ツ晁募径鹊?.9%下滑到7.7%,二季度又下行至7.5%,消費(fèi)、投資以及外貿(mào)增速呈下行態(tài)勢(shì),中央財(cái)政收入出現(xiàn)多年來(lái)少有的負(fù)增長(zhǎng)。面對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力,我們堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)的工作總基調(diào),采取了一系列創(chuàng)新性的政策措施,統(tǒng)籌穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促改革,保證了經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。
第一,兼顧當(dāng)前和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn),穩(wěn)定宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。經(jīng)濟(jì)下行時(shí),用短期刺激政策把經(jīng)濟(jì)增速推高,不失為一種辦法,但我們權(quán)衡利弊,認(rèn)為這無(wú)助于解決深層次問(wèn)題,因而選擇了既利當(dāng)前、更惠長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的策略,保持宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的穩(wěn)定。在財(cái)政政策方面,堅(jiān)持不擴(kuò)大赤字,而是調(diào)整支出結(jié)構(gòu),壓縮行政開(kāi)支,加快支出進(jìn)度,加大對(duì)中西部地區(qū)、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、保障民生的支持,對(duì)小微企業(yè)實(shí)行稅收優(yōu)惠。在貨幣政策方面,保持定力,即使貨幣市場(chǎng)出現(xiàn)短期波動(dòng),我們也沉著應(yīng)對(duì),不畏艱險(xiǎn),既不放松也不收緊銀根,管理好流動(dòng)性,重點(diǎn)通過(guò)盤(pán)活存量、用好增量,支持實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。我們還通過(guò)加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管和規(guī)范發(fā)展,積極防范和化解財(cái)政金融領(lǐng)域的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。對(duì)大家都很關(guān)注的地方政府性債務(wù)問(wèn)題,我們正在采取有針對(duì)性的措施,有序規(guī)范和化解??梢杂邪盐盏卣f(shuō),總體是安全可控的。
第二,堅(jiān)定不移推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放,著力激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力。改革創(chuàng)新是一個(gè)國(guó)家發(fā)展的不竭動(dòng)力。本屆政府開(kāi)門(mén)做的第一件大事,就是以轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能為核心,大力推進(jìn)行政管理體制改革。今年以來(lái)已取消和下放了200多項(xiàng)行政審批事項(xiàng),目的是通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán),把該放的權(quán)力放開(kāi)、放到位,把該管的事情管好、管到位,為各類(lèi)企業(yè)營(yíng)造公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的環(huán)境,激發(fā)市場(chǎng)主體創(chuàng)造活力。我們擴(kuò)大了“營(yíng)改增”試點(diǎn)范圍,積極推動(dòng)利率市場(chǎng)化進(jìn)程、鐵路等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投融資體制、資源性產(chǎn)品價(jià)格、政府購(gòu)買(mǎi)公共服務(wù)等領(lǐng)域改革。我們加快推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)改革,發(fā)展混合所有制經(jīng)濟(jì),在金融、石油、電力、鐵路、電信、資源開(kāi)發(fā)、公用事業(yè)、服務(wù)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入,引導(dǎo)民間投資增長(zhǎng),為各類(lèi)所有制企業(yè)提供更大發(fā)展空間。
中國(guó)的現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)要依靠改革,也離不開(kāi)開(kāi)放。我們不斷探索對(duì)外開(kāi)放的新路子,上半年與歐洲國(guó)家瑞士和冰島簽署了自貿(mào)協(xié)定,最近又與東盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人商議打造中國(guó)—東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)升級(jí)版。在上海建立自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū),探索負(fù)面清單管理模式,重點(diǎn)在投資準(zhǔn)入、服務(wù)貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域擴(kuò)大開(kāi)放。我們還推出了提高對(duì)外貿(mào)易便利化等措施促進(jìn)進(jìn)出口平穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)。第三,著眼轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),調(diào)整優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)到了只有轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)才能持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵階段。擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需是最大的結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)和區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展是主要任務(wù),實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化、新型城鎮(zhèn)化、信息化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化同步推進(jìn)是基本途徑,發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)是重要戰(zhàn)略支撐。我們積極培育新的消費(fèi)熱點(diǎn),推動(dòng)實(shí)施“寬帶中國(guó)”戰(zhàn)略。我們加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)建設(shè),增加節(jié)能環(huán)保、棚戶(hù)區(qū)改造、城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、中西部鐵路等方面的投資,加大對(duì)集中連片特困地區(qū)的支持力度。我們出臺(tái)專(zhuān)門(mén)政策措施,促進(jìn)養(yǎng)老、健康、文化、教育等服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展。加快實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,大力推進(jìn)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,促進(jìn)科技與經(jīng)濟(jì)深度融合,營(yíng)造有利于創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)的社會(huì)環(huán)境。
今年以來(lái),中國(guó)穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促改革協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn),主要得益于宏觀管理方式的創(chuàng)新。我們根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?jié)摿彤?dāng)前實(shí)際,科學(xué)確定經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的合理區(qū)間,守住穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、保就業(yè)的“下限”,把握好防通脹的“上限”。這也是預(yù)期調(diào)節(jié)的預(yù)警線。同時(shí),制定與經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行合理區(qū)間相配套的宏觀政策框架。只要經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行處在合理區(qū)間,經(jīng)濟(jì)總量政策就保持基本穩(wěn)定,主線是轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式,著力點(diǎn)是調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu),關(guān)鍵舉措仍然是推動(dòng)改革創(chuàng)新,不斷釋放內(nèi)需潛力、創(chuàng)新動(dòng)力和改革紅利,以激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力,形成增長(zhǎng)的內(nèi)生力量,著力打造中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)升級(jí)版。
這些舉措,使中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行呈現(xiàn)企穩(wěn)向好勢(shì)頭。從7、8月份情況看,制造業(yè)經(jīng)理人采購(gòu)指數(shù)(PMI)、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)者出廠價(jià)格指數(shù)(PPI)、工業(yè)增加值、進(jìn)出口、用電量、貨運(yùn)量等主要指標(biāo)普遍回升,實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)活躍,城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大,物價(jià)總水平保持穩(wěn)定,市場(chǎng)信心增強(qiáng),社會(huì)預(yù)期向好。這種穩(wěn)中有進(jìn)的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)讓我們堅(jiān)信,今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的預(yù)期目標(biāo)一定能實(shí)現(xiàn)。同時(shí)也要看到,目前經(jīng)濟(jì)回升的基礎(chǔ)仍不牢固,不確定因素還很多。我們不能也不會(huì)掉以輕心,要做好進(jìn)一步克服困難和應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的準(zhǔn)備。
女士們,先生們!中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)30多年的高速增長(zhǎng),創(chuàng)造了世界發(fā)展史上的奇跡。當(dāng)前中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已進(jìn)入中高速增長(zhǎng)階段。7.5%左右的增速與過(guò)去近兩位數(shù)的增長(zhǎng)相比是慢了一些,但從世界范圍看,仍然是世界主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體中的高速度。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)總量比過(guò)去明顯增大,目前已進(jìn)入轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展階段,潛在增長(zhǎng)率有所下降,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)由高速轉(zhuǎn)為中高速符合發(fā)展規(guī)律。而且,未來(lái)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)必須以提高質(zhì)量和效益為前提,必須以資源節(jié)約和生態(tài)環(huán)保為支撐,必須以科技創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)進(jìn)步為動(dòng)力,必須是有就業(yè)保障和居民收入相應(yīng)增加的增長(zhǎng)。也就是說(shuō),讓改革和發(fā)展的成果惠及最廣大的人民群眾。
展望未來(lái),中國(guó)發(fā)展前景光明。我們完全有能力、有條件保持經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。中國(guó)的工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化遠(yuǎn)未完成,區(qū)域發(fā)展回旋余地和市場(chǎng)潛力巨大;改革大勢(shì)不可逆轉(zhuǎn),推進(jìn)改革必將釋放出新的制度活力;中國(guó)人民勤勞智慧、自強(qiáng)不息,是最重要的發(fā)展支撐。我們將持續(xù)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì),不斷改善民生,促進(jìn)社會(huì)公正,堅(jiān)定不移地沿著改革開(kāi)放之路走下去,把中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)不斷推向前進(jìn)。只要我們咬定長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo)不放松,解決眼前問(wèn)題不懈怠,中國(guó)這艘經(jīng)濟(jì)巨輪就一定能夠乘風(fēng)破浪,揚(yáng)帆遠(yuǎn)航。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)一定能保持長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展!
女士們,先生們!當(dāng)今世界,經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、世界多極化、社會(huì)信息化深入發(fā)展,我們同住一個(gè)“地球村”,沒(méi)有哪一個(gè)國(guó)家能變成離群索居的“魯濱遜”。這些年來(lái),中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展從對(duì)外開(kāi)放中獲益匪淺。同時(shí),中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的主要推動(dòng)力量之一,在應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)中也發(fā)揮了重要作用。預(yù)計(jì)未來(lái)5年中國(guó)進(jìn)口將達(dá)10萬(wàn)億美元,對(duì)外投資5000億美元,出境旅游超過(guò)4億人次。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),將對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮和發(fā)展作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。中國(guó)愿與世界共同分享這一巨大的商機(jī),也希望各國(guó)能夠?yàn)橹袊?guó)發(fā)展提供更好的合作環(huán)境。
中國(guó)作為一個(gè)發(fā)展中大國(guó),在國(guó)際事務(wù)中有自己的責(zé)任和擔(dān)當(dāng)。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)體量的增大,中國(guó)在國(guó)際上發(fā)揮的作用也會(huì)相應(yīng)增大。中國(guó)有句古話:“君子成人之美”。只有美人之美,才能美美與共。我們?cè)敢飧鄥⑴c國(guó)際治理,盡可能提供國(guó)際公共產(chǎn)品;與其他發(fā)展中國(guó)家分享減貧經(jīng)驗(yàn),提供更多幫助;為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長(zhǎng)分擔(dān)責(zé)任作出貢獻(xiàn)。當(dāng)然,中國(guó)仍是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家,按照國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn),還有一億多人生活在貧困線下。中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化還需要一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期艱苦的過(guò)程,中國(guó)承擔(dān)的國(guó)際責(zé)任和義務(wù)只能與自身的理念和發(fā)展水平相適應(yīng)。
當(dāng)前世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇艱難曲折,國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào),完善應(yīng)對(duì)跨國(guó)金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的準(zhǔn)備,加快全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理改革。提升發(fā)展中國(guó)家在國(guó)際事務(wù)中的代表性和話語(yǔ)權(quán),盡可能減小因一些國(guó)家宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策變化對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)特別是新興市場(chǎng)國(guó)家的沖擊。各國(guó)還應(yīng)進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大相互開(kāi)放,旗幟鮮明反對(duì)各種形式的保護(hù)主義,齊心協(xié)力做大世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的蛋糕。
中國(guó)將一如既往鼓勵(lì)外國(guó)公司來(lái)華投資興業(yè),進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化投資環(huán)境,強(qiáng)化知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù),營(yíng)造平等使用生產(chǎn)要素、公平參與市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、同等受到法律保護(hù)、共同承擔(dān)社會(huì)責(zé)任的環(huán)境。我們將繼續(xù)用事實(shí)證明,選擇中國(guó)是跨國(guó)公司興旺發(fā)達(dá)的明智之舉、上乘之策。
女士們、先生們!我們生活在一個(gè)飛速變革的時(shí)代,變革呼喚創(chuàng)新,創(chuàng)新推動(dòng)進(jìn)步。中國(guó)政府所采取的一系列政策,都貫穿著改革創(chuàng)新的理念和精神。創(chuàng)新是我們永遠(yuǎn)高揚(yáng)的旗幟。希望在座的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)新領(lǐng)軍者成為各自領(lǐng)域改革創(chuàng)新的生力軍。多年來(lái),夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇成為聚焦中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要平臺(tái),發(fā)揮著獨(dú)特作用。今天,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的奇跡已進(jìn)入提質(zhì)增效的“第二季”,后面的故事會(huì)更精彩。我相信,夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇會(huì)越辦越好,不僅向世界展示中國(guó)人民建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化國(guó)家的多彩風(fēng)貌,也為世界和中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)共同繁榮貢獻(xiàn)更多智慧和力量!
最后,預(yù)祝本次論壇圓滿(mǎn)成功!
第四篇:李克強(qiáng)達(dá)沃斯論壇講話中英對(duì)照版
緊緊依靠改革創(chuàng)新 增強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新動(dòng)力 ——在第八屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇上的致辭
李克強(qiáng)
(2014年9月10日)
Creating New Dynamism Through Reform and Innovation
Address at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting of the New Champions 2014
By Premier Li Keqiang 10 September 2014
尊敬的施瓦布先生,尊敬的各國(guó)元首和政府首腦,尊敬的各位來(lái)賓,女士們,先生們,朋友們:
Dear Professor Klaus Schwab, Your Excellencies Heads of State and Government, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,很高興和大家相聚中國(guó)天津,共同出席第八屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇。我謹(jǐn)代表中國(guó)政府對(duì)論壇召開(kāi)表示熱烈祝賀!對(duì)各位遠(yuǎn)道而來(lái)的嘉賓表示誠(chéng)摯歡迎!
It gives me great pleasure to meet you here in Tianjin at the eighth Annual Meeting of the New Champions, or the Summer Davos Forum.On behalf of the Chinese government, I wish to extend warm congratulations on the opening of the Forum and a cordial welcome to all of you who have come from afar.本屆論壇以“推動(dòng)創(chuàng)新,創(chuàng)造價(jià)值”為主題,具有很強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。創(chuàng)新是人類(lèi)社會(huì)的永恒話題,也是經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的不熄引擎。世界經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定復(fù)蘇要靠創(chuàng)新,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)提質(zhì)增效升級(jí)也要靠創(chuàng)新。近幾年,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)之所以能夠保持持續(xù)發(fā)展,向著健康方向前進(jìn),主要?jiǎng)恿€是來(lái)自于改革創(chuàng)新。
The theme for this year's Forum, namely “Creating Value Through Innovation”, is a most relevant one.Innovation is an eternal topic of the human society and an inexhaustible engine driving economic and social development.Innovation is vital to the steady recovery of the world economy.Innovation is also essential to upgrading the Chinese economy and improving its performance.And it is thanks to reform and innovation that the Chinese economy has in recent years maintained steady and sound growth.今年以來(lái),世界經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜,發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇艱難曲折,新興市場(chǎng)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力加大。我們堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)的工作總基調(diào),保持定力,主動(dòng)作為,不搞強(qiáng)刺激,沒(méi)有放松銀根,而是強(qiáng)力推進(jìn)改革,大力調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu),著力改善民生,保持了經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。上半年,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)7.4%,居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅為2.3%。在經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩的情況下,1-8月,31個(gè)大中城市調(diào)查失業(yè)率保持在5%左右,城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)970多萬(wàn)人,與去年同期相比多增了10多萬(wàn)人。
The global economic environment has remained an intricate one since the beginning of this year.The road to recovery in developed countries has remained bumpy.Growth in emerging market economies has slowed down, and the Chinese economy faces greater downward pressure.Facing this challenging environment, we have continued to follow the general principle of making progress while maintaining stability.We have stayed the course and pursued a proactive approach.Instead of adopting strong economic stimulus or easing monetary policy, we have vigorously promoted reform and economic readjustment, and made efforts to improve people's lives.As a result, we have maintained steady economic performance.In the first half of the year, the Chinese economy registered a 7.4 percent growth, and CPI rise was kept at 2.3 percent.Despite economic slowdown, between January and August, the surveyed unemployment rate was kept at around 5 percent in 31 big and medium-sized cities.More than 9.7 million urban jobs were created, which is over one hundred thousand more compared with the same period last year.經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力加大,但就業(yè)不降反增,主要是改革發(fā)了力。本屆政府成立以來(lái),我們大力推進(jìn)行政審批制度改革,各部門(mén)已取消和下放了600多項(xiàng)行政審批事項(xiàng),今年又在全國(guó)推行商事制度等改革,企業(yè)準(zhǔn)入的門(mén)檻低了,“緊箍咒”松了,極大地調(diào)動(dòng)了全社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)興業(yè)的熱情。1-8月,新登記注冊(cè)市場(chǎng)主體800多萬(wàn)戶(hù),其中3-8月工商登記制度改革后新登記注冊(cè)企業(yè)同比增長(zhǎng)61%,出現(xiàn)“井噴式”增長(zhǎng),帶動(dòng)1000萬(wàn)人以上就業(yè)。我們不僅推進(jìn)商事制度改革,而且推進(jìn)投融資、稅收、流通等體制改革,進(jìn)一步打開(kāi)了服務(wù)業(yè)等新興產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的閘門(mén),對(duì)擴(kuò)大就業(yè)起到重要的“推進(jìn)器”、“容納器”作用。
Despite growing downward pressure on the economy, more jobs were created, thanks to new steps of reform taken.Since the beginning of this government, we have advanced the reform of the administrative review and approval system.Government departments have removed or delegated to lower levels administrative approval on over 600 items, and this year, the business registration reform, among others, has been carried out nationwide.This has lowered the threshold for starting businesses and removed restrictions on them, thus giving a great boost to business development in the whole country.Between January and August, the amount of newly registered market entities was more than eight million, and from March to August, with the business registration reform, the number of newly registered businesses grew by 61 percent over the previous year, all pointing to a massive upsurge which has generated more than 10 million jobs.In addition to reforming the business registration system, we have also introduced reforms to investment financing, taxation and logistics systems, and further opened the gate for the development of the service sector and other emerging industries.All these measures have been vital in fostering and increasing job opportunities.中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的積極變化,不僅表現(xiàn)在就業(yè)增加和居民收入增長(zhǎng)上,也體現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化上。簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)加上“定向減稅”、“定向降準(zhǔn)”等財(cái)稅金融措施,有力地支持了服務(wù)業(yè)、“三農(nóng)”、小微企業(yè)、民營(yíng)企業(yè)和新興業(yè)態(tài)的發(fā)展。上半年,物流快遞、電子商務(wù)等新產(chǎn)業(yè)、新商業(yè)模式迅速成長(zhǎng);新登記注冊(cè)服務(wù)業(yè)企業(yè)增幅達(dá)70%以上,第三產(chǎn)業(yè)增速和比重繼續(xù)超過(guò)第二產(chǎn)業(yè),在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中處于領(lǐng)先地位;民間投資占固定資產(chǎn)投資比重同比提高1.4個(gè)百分點(diǎn);高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)和裝備制造業(yè)增長(zhǎng)均快于工業(yè)整體增長(zhǎng)。
The positive changes in China's economy are not only reflected in the increase of jobs and residents' incomes, but also in the structural upgrading.We have streamlined administration, delegated powers to the lower levels, and adopted fiscal, taxation and financial measures such as targeted tax reduction and targeted reduction of required bank reserve ratio.All these measures have spurred the growth of the service sector, agriculture, rural area and the welfare of farmers, as well as small and micro-businesses, private businesses and emerging industries.In the first half of the year, new businesses and new business models such as logistics, express delivery and e-commerce all developed fast.The number of newly registered service businesses surged by more than 70 percent.The tertiary industry continued to outperform the secondary industry in terms of growth rate and share of GDP, and is a leading sector of the economy.The share of private investment in fixed asset investment increased by 1.4 percentage points year on year.High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than the industrial average.結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整深入推進(jìn),提高了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)質(zhì)量。我們以改革創(chuàng)新為動(dòng)力,一手抓壓減過(guò)剩產(chǎn)能,尤其是淘汰落后產(chǎn)能,一手抓培育新的增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)。上半年,高耗能、高排放行業(yè)投資和生產(chǎn)增速明顯放慢。單位GDP能耗同比下降4.2%,碳排放強(qiáng)度下降5%左右,是多年來(lái)降幅最大的。
Deepening structural readjustment has improved the quality of economic growth.On the basis of carrying out reform and innovation, we have reduced overcapacity, eliminating outdated capacity in particular, and fostered new growth areas.In the first half of the year, the growth of investment and production of industries with high energy consumption and emissions noticeably slowed down.The per unit GDP energy consumption dropped by 4.2 percent year on year, and carbon intensity was cut by about 5 percent, the largest drop in many years.經(jīng)濟(jì)總體平穩(wěn)、穩(wěn)中提質(zhì),重要的是我們實(shí)施了區(qū)間調(diào)控下的定向調(diào)控,抓住經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域和薄弱環(huán)節(jié),更多運(yùn)用改革創(chuàng)新的辦法,聚焦在“激活力、補(bǔ)短板、強(qiáng)實(shí)體”上,精準(zhǔn)發(fā)力,定向施策。這實(shí)際上是一種結(jié)構(gòu)性調(diào)控,既包括改革,也包括調(diào)整,努力使市場(chǎng)在資源配置中起決定性作用,大力破除市場(chǎng)障礙;更好發(fā)揮政府作用,努力促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平。我們積極平衡國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)外需求,協(xié)調(diào)區(qū)域發(fā)展,縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距,穩(wěn)定農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給;我們還加強(qiáng)了中西部鐵路、棚戶(hù)區(qū)改造、污染防治等民生和發(fā)展工程建設(shè),擴(kuò)大的都是長(zhǎng)期制約平衡發(fā)展的“瓶頸”,有力地支持了新型城鎮(zhèn)化,也有效地增加了公共產(chǎn)品供給。
We have managed to ensure steady growth and improve the quality of the Chinese economy by taking targeted, range-based macro-control measures.With focus on key areas and weak links of China's economic and social development, we have used more reform and innovation measures to incentivize market entities, strengthen weak links, boost the real economy and ensure that our efforts are well-targeted.This approach, which was also structural adjustment in nature, involved both reform and readjustments.We have strived to remove market obstacles and make the market play a decisive role in resources allocation.We have also endeavored to improve the role of the government and promote social equity.We have worked actively to balance domestic and international demands, coordinate regional development, narrow the gap between rural and urban areas and stabilize agricultural supply and demand.We have strengthened the construction of railways in central and western China, the renovation of rundown areas, as well as pollution control and prevention and other livelihood and development projects.We have actively tackled the bottlenecks that have long constrained China's balanced development.All of these have vigorously supported the process toward a new type of industrialization and effectively increased the supply of public goods.在國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)新常態(tài)下,我們保持定力、深處著力,更加關(guān)注結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整等長(zhǎng)期問(wèn)題,并不隨單項(xiàng)指標(biāo)的短期小幅波動(dòng)而起舞。比如說(shuō),7、8月份用電量、貨運(yùn)量等指標(biāo)出現(xiàn)一些波動(dòng),這是難以避免的,也是在預(yù)料之中的,因?yàn)閲?guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)仍然復(fù)雜多變,而且去年下半年我們發(fā)展的基數(shù)也比較高??粗袊?guó)經(jīng)濟(jì),不能只看眼前、看局部、看“單科”,更要看趨勢(shì)、看全局、看“總分”。我們堅(jiān)持區(qū)間調(diào)控的基本思路,只要經(jīng)濟(jì)增速保持在7.5%左右,高一點(diǎn),低一點(diǎn),都屬于合理區(qū)間。尤其應(yīng)當(dāng)看到,穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)是為了保就業(yè),調(diào)控的下限是比較充分的就業(yè)。隨著總量擴(kuò)大,尤其是服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的就業(yè)容量擴(kuò)大了,對(duì)波動(dòng)的容忍度也提高了。還要看到,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)有巨大韌性、潛力、回旋余地,我們采取的措施既利當(dāng)前、更惠長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn),有能力防范出現(xiàn)大的起伏,更不會(huì)發(fā)生“硬著陸”。但并不是說(shuō)我們?cè)诎l(fā)展中沒(méi)有困難和挑戰(zhàn)。相反,我們遇到的困難和挑戰(zhàn)依然是艱巨的。Facing the new normal state of the global and the Chinese economy, we have remained level-headed and taken steps to tackle deep-seated challenges.We focused more on structural readjustment and other long-term problems, and refrained from being distracted by the slight short-term fluctuations of individual indicators.In July and August, electricity consumption, freight volume and other indicators fluctuated somewhat.That was inevitable and within our expectation.It was because the domestic and international economic situation was still complex and volatile and base figures for the second half of last year were relatively high.When observing the Chinese economy, one should not just focus on its short-term performance or the performance of a particular sector.Rather, one should look at the overall trend, the bigger picture and the total score.Judging by the principle of range-based macro-control, we believe the actual economic growth rate is within the proper range, even if it might be slightly higher or lower than the 7.5 percent target.In particular, we should realize that an important goal of maintaining stable growth is to ensure employment, and the floor of the proper range is to ensure relatively adequate employment.As the economic aggregate continues to expand, and in particular, as the service sector develops rapidly, growth will mean more jobs and there will be greater tolerance to fluctuations.We should also be clear that China's economy is highly resilient and has much potential and ample space to grow, and we have a full range of tools of macro-control at our disposal.The measures we have taken are good both for now and for longer-term interests, and will therefore enable us to prevent major fluctuations and make a “hard landing” even less possible.However, this is not denying that our development faces difficulties and challenges.On the contrary, we are indeed confronted with enormous difficulties and challenges.今年后四個(gè)月,我們將統(tǒng)籌穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、促改革、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、惠民生、防風(fēng)險(xiǎn),不斷完善和創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控思路和方式,在區(qū)間調(diào)控的基礎(chǔ)上加強(qiáng)定向調(diào)控,推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革與調(diào)整,抱定壯士斷腕、背水一戰(zhàn)的決心,推動(dòng)牽一發(fā)而動(dòng)全身的重點(diǎn)改革,著眼解決長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)問(wèn)題。一是繼續(xù)從政府自身革命做起,進(jìn)一步加大簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)力度,深化財(cái)稅改革,推進(jìn)預(yù)算管理制度改革,使公共資金公平有效使用,繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大支持服務(wù)業(yè)尤其是研發(fā)企業(yè)發(fā)展的“營(yíng)改增”試點(diǎn);深化金融改革,推進(jìn)民營(yíng)銀行試點(diǎn)工作,清理規(guī)范金融業(yè)準(zhǔn)入限制,推進(jìn)多層次資本市場(chǎng)發(fā)展;深化國(guó)有企業(yè)改革;推進(jìn)價(jià)格改革,完善能源產(chǎn)品、藥品和醫(yī)療服務(wù)價(jià)格形成機(jī)制;深化投資體制改革,推進(jìn)政府購(gòu)買(mǎi)服務(wù)、公私合作模式和特許經(jīng)營(yíng)制度。二是繼續(xù)圍繞破解深層次結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾,進(jìn)一步增加公共產(chǎn)品有效供給,以帶動(dòng)有效需求,補(bǔ)上投資短板,擴(kuò)大居民消費(fèi),拓展新的增長(zhǎng)領(lǐng)域。三是繼續(xù)用好和盤(pán)活財(cái)政、金融增量和存量資金,進(jìn)一步加大對(duì)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)和新興產(chǎn)業(yè)、新興業(yè)態(tài)的支持,更多惠及“三農(nóng)”、小微企業(yè)和服務(wù)業(yè)等。通過(guò)我們的努力,把“改革的紅利”轉(zhuǎn)化為“發(fā)展新動(dòng)能”、“民生新福祉”。中國(guó)有信心、有能力、也有條件不斷克服困難,實(shí)現(xiàn)今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)。In the four months ahead, we will coordinate the efforts to stabilize growth, promote reform, readjust the structure, improve people's livelihoods and prevent risks.We will continue to improve and innovate in the thinking and approaches of macro-control, strengthen targeted macro-control on the basis of range-based macro-control, promote structural reform and readjustments, carry out reforms in key areas of systemic importance with every determination to forge ahead and focus on addressing long-term problems.First, we will continue to press ahead with revolutionizing the government itself and further intensify efforts to streamline administration and delegate powers.We will deepen fiscal and taxation reform, promote reform of the budgetary management system so as to use public funds in an equitable and effective way, and continue to expand the pilot programs for business tax to VAT reform which is conducive to the development of the service sector, particularly the R&D companies.We will deepen financial reform, promote the pilot programs for non-state owned banks, sort out and standardize the limit requirements on access to the financial sector and develop a multi-tiered capital market.We will deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises.We will deepen price reform and improve the pricing mechanisms for energy products, medicine and medical services.We will deepen reform of the investment system and implement government purchase of service contracting, public-private cooperation models and franchise operation system.Second, we will continue to focus on tackling the deep-seated structural problems, further increase the effective supply of public goods to generate effective demand, strengthen weak links in investment, increase household consumption and nurture new growth areas.Third, we will continue to ensure efficient use of both the existing and the increase of fiscal and financial resources and further scale up support for the real economy and emerging industries and businesses, for the greater benefit of rural areas, agriculture and farmers, as well as micro-businesses and the service sector.These efforts are aimed at turning the gains of reform into new dynamism of development that would bring more benefit to the people.We have all the confidence, ability and resources to overcome the difficulties and realize the major goals of China's economic and social development in 2014.女士們,先生們!Ladies and Gentlemen,中國(guó)還是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家,必須始終堅(jiān)持以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心。發(fā)展是硬道理,是解決一切問(wèn)題的根本。經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式不轉(zhuǎn)變不行,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不適度也不行。當(dāng)然,我們所說(shuō)的發(fā)展,是就業(yè)和收入增加的發(fā)展,是質(zhì)量效益提高和節(jié)能環(huán)保的發(fā)展,也就是符合經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律、社會(huì)規(guī)律和自然規(guī)律的科學(xué)發(fā)展。
China is still a developing country.We must give top priority to economic development.Only development will deliver progress.Ultimately, it is only development that will resolve all the problems in China.We cannot advance without changing the growth model, nor can we advance without adequate development.Of course, the development we pursue should be one that promotes employment, increases incomes, improves economic performance and boosts energy conservation and environmental protection.It should be scientific development, namely, sound and balanced development that is in keeping with the laws governing economic activities, social development and nature.當(dāng)前,世界經(jīng)濟(jì)不穩(wěn)定不確定因素依然較多,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)正處于深層次矛盾凸顯和“三期疊加”的階段,到了爬坡過(guò)坎的關(guān)鍵時(shí)候。下半年和今后一段時(shí)間,我們將進(jìn)一步加快經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的轉(zhuǎn)變,以結(jié)構(gòu)性改革促進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性調(diào)整,用好創(chuàng)新這把“金鑰匙”,著力推進(jìn)體制創(chuàng)新和科技創(chuàng)新,使中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)保持中高速增長(zhǎng)、邁向中高端水平,創(chuàng)造價(jià)值,打造中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)升級(jí)版。
Currently, there are many destabilizing and uncertain factors in the global economy, and China's economic development also faces an array of overlapping and deep-seated problems.It is in a critical stage where its path upward is particularly steep.In the latter half of the year and beyond, we will further accelerate the transformation of the development model, push forward structural readjustment through structural reform, make good use of the “golden key” of innovation and promote institutional innovation as well as innovation in science and technology.By so doing, we will be able to maintain a medium-high growth rate, move toward medium-high level of development, create more value and upgrade the Chinese economy.加快體制機(jī)制創(chuàng)新步伐。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)每一回破繭成蝶,靠的都是創(chuàng)新。創(chuàng)新不單是技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,更包括體制機(jī)制創(chuàng)新、管理創(chuàng)新、模式創(chuàng)新。中國(guó)30多年來(lái)改革開(kāi)放本身就是規(guī)模宏大的創(chuàng)新行動(dòng),今后創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的巨大潛能依然蘊(yùn)藏在體制改革之中。試想,13億人口中有8、9億的勞動(dòng)者,如果他們都投入創(chuàng)業(yè)和創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)造,這將是巨大的力量。關(guān)鍵是要進(jìn)一步解放思想,進(jìn)一步解放和發(fā)展社會(huì)創(chuàng)造力,進(jìn)一步激發(fā)企業(yè)和市場(chǎng)活力,破除一切束縛發(fā)展的體制機(jī)制障礙,讓每個(gè)有創(chuàng)業(yè)意愿的人都擁有自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的空間,讓創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)造的血液在全社會(huì)自由流動(dòng),讓自我發(fā)展的精神在群眾中蔚然成風(fēng)。借改革創(chuàng)新的“東風(fēng)”,在中國(guó)960萬(wàn)平方公里土地上掀起一個(gè)“大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)”、“草根創(chuàng)業(yè)”的新浪潮,中國(guó)人民勤勞智慧的“自然稟賦”就會(huì)充分發(fā)揮,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)發(fā)展的“發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)”就會(huì)更新?lián)Q代升級(jí)。
We will accelerate the pace of institutional innovation.Innovation has been the ultimate cause of the leapfrog development of the Chinese economy.China's innovation involves not only technology but more of institution, management and growth models.China's reform and opening-up for the past three decades and more has in itself been a huge innovation drive, and the huge, untapped potential of innovation and development in the future still lies in institutional reform.Just imagine how big a force it could be when the 800 or 900 million laborers among the 1.3 billion population are engaged in entrepreneurship, innovation and creation.I believe the key to realizing that is to further liberate our mind, further liberate and develop the creativity of society, further energize businesses and the market, and remove all institutional obstacles to development so that everyone interested in starting a business is given more space for entrepreneurship and the blood of innovation could flow unhampered in a society where everyone is full of the spirit of self-development.When reform and innovation fuels the massive wave of entrepreneurship by the people and at the grassroots level on the land of the 9.6 million square kilometers of China, the enormous power of the diligent and resourceful Chinese people will be fully unlocked and the engine driving China's sustained economic development will constantly regenerate itself and remain powerful.中國(guó)全面深化改革未有窮期,政府帶頭自我革命,“開(kāi)弓沒(méi)有回頭箭”。我們將繼續(xù)深化行政管理體制改革,力爭(zhēng)用更短的時(shí)間完成取消和下放行政審批事項(xiàng)的五年任務(wù),釋放市場(chǎng)潛能和發(fā)展動(dòng)力。如果說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)是“先手棋”,那么制度建設(shè)就是“連環(huán)炮”。一方面,要拿出“權(quán)力清單”,政府應(yīng)該干什么,“法無(wú)授權(quán)不可為”,這樣才能防止公權(quán)濫用,減少尋租現(xiàn)象,使政府真正履行為人民、為大眾服務(wù)的職責(zé)。另一方面,要給出“負(fù)面清單”,企業(yè)不能干什么,“法無(wú)禁止皆可為”,這樣才能形成公開(kāi)透明、預(yù)期穩(wěn)定的制度安排,促進(jìn)企業(yè)活力充分迸發(fā)。還有一方面,就是要拿出“責(zé)任清單”,政府該怎么管市場(chǎng),“法定責(zé)任必須為”,以建立和維護(hù)誠(chéng)信經(jīng)營(yíng)、公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境,激發(fā)企業(yè)動(dòng)力,鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)造。政府要加強(qiáng)事中事后監(jiān)管,當(dāng)好市場(chǎng)秩序的“裁判員”和改革創(chuàng)新的“守護(hù)者”。“只有拔掉雜草,稻谷才能長(zhǎng)得茂盛”。寬容違法者,就是對(duì)守法者的不公,甚至?xí)?dǎo)致“劣幣驅(qū)逐良幣”的現(xiàn)象。對(duì)假冒偽劣、坑蒙拐騙、竊取商業(yè)機(jī)密等行為,不管是國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)還是國(guó)外企業(yè),都要一視同仁依法加以懲治。保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán),就是保護(hù)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的火種、維護(hù)創(chuàng)新者的權(quán)益。對(duì)嚴(yán)重侵犯知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的行為,要依法嚴(yán)懲,包括實(shí)行巨額賠償懲罰,使違法者付出難以承受的代價(jià),為創(chuàng)新助力。
China's effort to comprehensively deepen reform is an ongoing process.The government is taking the lead in conducting a “self-targeted revolution”.Just like an arrow shot, there will be no turning back.We will deepen the reform in the administrative approval system.We hope to complete the task of removing and delegating items subject to government approval, originally planned for five years, in a shorter period of time.This is to unleash the potential of the market and the driving force for development.If streamlining administration and delegating power is like taking a proactive move in the chess game, then introducing new systems is like a “serial blast”.On the one hand, we should provide the list of government powers which defines the scope of what the government should do.Items not found on the list will be deemed as not permissible.Only in this way could we prevent the abuse of government power, reduce rent-seeking and ensure that the government better performs its duty of serving the people.On the other, a negative list should be formulated which defines areas off-limits to businesses.Items not found on the list will be deemed as permissible.Only by so doing could we build open and transparent systematic arrangements with stable expectations and bring about enterprises' vitality to the fullest extent.Moreover, we should formulate a list of government responsibilities to define how the government should regulate the market.All items on the list should be fulfilled by the government.Only by so doing could we build and sustain a market environment that favors honest operations and fair play, energizes businesses and encourages innovation and creativity.The government should enhance ongoing and ex-post oversight and perform its role well both as a referee of the market order and as a guardian of reform and innovation.As a saying goes, only by weeding out the barnyard grass can rice grow properly.Being lenient to law breakers is tantamount to doing wrong to law abiding people.It could even result in “bad money driving out the good”.We will mete out stringent punishment to companies, domestic or foreign, that are involved in producing counterfeit, fake and shoddy products, engaging in fraud and deception, and stealing trade secrets.Protecting intellectual property rights is in fact protecting the kindling of innovation and creativity and the rights and interests of innovators.We will penalize serious IPR infringement to the fullest extent in accordance with the law, including imposing heavy fines to make law breakers pay insufferable prices, so as to propel innovation.加大科技創(chuàng)新力度。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)雖然已居世界前列,但許多產(chǎn)業(yè)仍處在世界的中低端,傳統(tǒng)的粗放式增長(zhǎng)路徑已經(jīng)行不通了,必須更多地依靠科技進(jìn)步調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)。這是一種戰(zhàn)略性、結(jié)構(gòu)性、創(chuàng)新性調(diào)整。我們將堅(jiān)持有扶有控、有保有壓,培育壯大新產(chǎn)品、新業(yè)態(tài),促進(jìn)服務(wù)業(yè)、高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、新興產(chǎn)業(yè)加快發(fā)展;積極化解產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩矛盾,加快傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造步伐,淘汰落后產(chǎn)能,提升中國(guó)產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)業(yè)在全球價(jià)值鏈中的位置,使創(chuàng)新真正能創(chuàng)造出更高的價(jià)值;加強(qiáng)人力資本投入,提高勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì),提升產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)、質(zhì)量和品牌水平。特別是要通過(guò)加快改革,解除對(duì)個(gè)體、對(duì)企業(yè)創(chuàng)新的種種束縛,中國(guó)有各類(lèi)專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)人員和各類(lèi)技能勞動(dòng)者近兩億人。如果這么多人哪怕是大部分人都能發(fā)揮出他們的聰明才智,形成“萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新”、“人人創(chuàng)新”的新態(tài)勢(shì),體力加腦力,制造加創(chuàng)造,開(kāi)發(fā)出先進(jìn)技術(shù)乃至所謂顛覆性技術(shù),中國(guó)發(fā)展就一定能夠創(chuàng)造更多價(jià)值,上新臺(tái)階。
We will step up science and technology innovation.The Chinese economy is among the largest in the world, but in many sectors China still ranks fairly low and its traditional, extensive way of seeking growth has been proved unsustainable.Readjusting the structure must be driven, more than ever, by science and technology progress, and that requires strategic, structural, and innovative readjustment.We will support and provide guarantee to certain sectors and curb and scale back some others, cultivate and promote new products and new businesses and speed up the development of service, high technology and emerging sectors.At the same time, we will phase out overcapacity, accelerate the transformation of traditional sectors and eliminate outdated capacity so that Chinese products and China's service sector can move up the global value chain and more value could be created through innovation.We must invest more in human capital and increase the ranks of high-caliber workers.We will improve the technological sophistication, quality and brand awareness of Chinese industries.In particular, we need to step up reforms to remove restraints on innovation by individuals and companies.When the talent of all, or at least most of the nearly 200 million professionals and skilled workers is brought to the full, a new pattern of innovation by the people and innovation by all, supported by the massive physical and mental power of the people and the strength of China's manufacturing and creative capability, will be fostered.This, coupled with the development of advanced and even revolutionary technologies, will create more value and move China's development to a higher level.中國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)和區(qū)域發(fā)展還很不平衡,差距大、潛力也大。推進(jìn)以人為核心的新型城鎮(zhèn)化,是最大的結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。我們將抓住世界新技術(shù)和產(chǎn)業(yè)革命機(jī)遇,加快“寬帶中國(guó)”、“智慧城市”等建設(shè),發(fā)揮城市星羅棋布帶動(dòng)廣闊腹地發(fā)展的作用,促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)一體化和區(qū)域梯度開(kāi)發(fā),實(shí)現(xiàn)新型工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化同步發(fā)展;同時(shí),大力發(fā)展民生事業(yè),促進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化,加強(qiáng)社會(huì)保障,包括為創(chuàng)業(yè)者中的失敗者提供保障,這也是為他們?cè)俅蝿?chuàng)業(yè)提供機(jī)會(huì)。我們將繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大居民消費(fèi),形成內(nèi)需拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的新動(dòng)力。China faces uneven development between its urban and rural areas and among its different regions.But the existing disparity, which is quite striking, can entail a huge potential.Promoting a people-centered, new type of urbanization will be in itself the biggest structural readjustment.We will seize opportunities brought by technological advances and global industrial revolution to speed up the development of such schemes as “broadband China” and “smart cities”, leverage the role of cities across the country in galvanizing hinterland development, promote urban-rural integration and a gradient development of different regions and bring about a synchronized progress of the new type of industrialization, IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization.At the same time, we will vigorously develop programs related to people's wellbeing, promote equal access to basic public services and strengthen social security, including providing security to those who failed in their entrepreneurial endeavor to help them restart businesses.We will continue to increase household consumption and make sure that greater internal demand could serve as a new power to drive economic growth.中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)還處于發(fā)展中階段,但資源環(huán)境矛盾已經(jīng)十分突出,必須加大節(jié)能環(huán)保力度。應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化,既是中國(guó)作為一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任大國(guó)應(yīng)盡的義務(wù),也是我們自身發(fā)展的迫切需要。中國(guó)加強(qiáng)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)只會(huì)前進(jìn),不會(huì)倒退。我們已提出向污染宣戰(zhàn),并認(rèn)真履行相應(yīng)的國(guó)際責(zé)任,正在研究2030年前后中國(guó)控制溫室氣體排放行動(dòng)目標(biāo),這其中包括二氧化碳排放峰值、碳排放強(qiáng)度比例下降、非化石能源比重上升等。中國(guó)推進(jìn)綠色、循環(huán)、低碳發(fā)展不僅有決心,而且有能力,我們將緊緊依靠科技創(chuàng)新,進(jìn)行艱苦卓絕、持續(xù)不斷的努力,來(lái)加大環(huán)境治理力度,加快發(fā)展節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè),著力完成節(jié)能減排任務(wù),與世界各國(guó)一道為應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化采取實(shí)實(shí)在在的行動(dòng)。
The Chinese economy, now heading toward further growth, is also being weighed down by increasing resources and environmental constraints.It is imperative for us to enhance energy conservation and environmental protection.Tackling climate change is not only our binding international obligation as a major responsible country, but also the pressing need for our own development.There is no turning back in China's commitment to a sound eco-system.We have declared war on pollution and earnestly fulfilled our due international responsibilities.We are studying the action targets on greenhouse gas emissions control, including the peak of CO2 emission, the carbon emission intensity reduction and the increase in the share of non-fossil energy by 2030 and beyond.We have the resolve, the will and the capability to pursue green, circular and low-carbon development.We will keep focusing on scientific and technological innovation and make hard and unremitting efforts to step up environmental management, boost the development of energy conservation and environment protection sectors, fulfill the task of energy conservation and emissions reduction, and work with other countries to effectively address global climate change.女士們,先生們!Ladies and Gentlemen,人類(lèi)已進(jìn)入經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化深入發(fā)展的時(shí)代,各國(guó)利益相互依存,彼此命運(yùn)休戚與共,世界離不開(kāi)中國(guó),中國(guó)也離不開(kāi)世界。中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)“兩個(gè)一百年”奮斗目標(biāo)和中華民族偉大復(fù)興“中國(guó)夢(mèng)”,將會(huì)給世界帶來(lái)發(fā)展機(jī)遇和巨大市場(chǎng)。各國(guó)間不應(yīng)再是你輸我贏、“零和博弈”,而應(yīng)該是雙贏多贏、互利共贏,唯此世界才能繁榮進(jìn)步。中國(guó)將堅(jiān)定不移走和平發(fā)展道路,我們是國(guó)際體系的積極參與者、建設(shè)者和貢獻(xiàn)者。我們致力于維護(hù)和平穩(wěn)定的大環(huán)境,主張遵循國(guó)際關(guān)系基本準(zhǔn)則,以和平方式、政治手段、通過(guò)對(duì)話解決地區(qū)沖突與熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。我們?cè)概c亞洲鄰國(guó)不斷深化合作,妥善處理分歧,維護(hù)穩(wěn)定安全大局,維護(hù)和平的秩序。我們倡導(dǎo)開(kāi)放公平的全球統(tǒng)一大市場(chǎng),支持多邊自貿(mào)安排和雙邊自貿(mào)區(qū)建設(shè)“兩個(gè)輪子一起轉(zhuǎn)”,努力形成“面向全球的高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自貿(mào)區(qū)網(wǎng)絡(luò)”,反對(duì)各種形式的保護(hù)主義,更不贊成打貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。我們堅(jiān)持實(shí)行更加積極主動(dòng)的開(kāi)放戰(zhàn)略,完善開(kāi)放型經(jīng)濟(jì)體系,重視穩(wěn)定出口,也積極擴(kuò)大進(jìn)口,加快服務(wù)業(yè)、沿邊和中西部地區(qū)開(kāi)放,保持外資政策穩(wěn)定,而且會(huì)更加開(kāi)放。我們將不斷完善和規(guī)范營(yíng)商環(huán)境,繼續(xù)吸引外國(guó)企業(yè)來(lái)華投資興業(yè),同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)國(guó)外先進(jìn)的技術(shù)、成熟管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)和優(yōu)秀的文化成果,兼容并蓄、消化吸收。中國(guó)永遠(yuǎn)做一個(gè)開(kāi)放的大國(guó)、學(xué)習(xí)的大國(guó)、包容的大國(guó),從中國(guó)國(guó)情出發(fā),努力建設(shè)成為一個(gè)創(chuàng)新的大國(guó)。We now live in an era defined by deepening economic globalization, with countries increasingly depending on one another in interests and sharing their destinies closely.The world needs China, and China needs the world.China's endeavor to realize the two centenary goals(namely, to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects when the Communist Party of China celebrates its centenary in 2021, and to turn China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious when the People's Republic of China celebrates its centenary in 2049)and the Chinese dream of the great renewal of the Chinese nation will present great development opportunities and a huge market to the world.Instead of “I win, you lose” or a “zero-sum game”, we need win-win or all-win, which ensures mutual benefit.Only in this way could the world prosper and advance forward.China is resolute in following the path of peaceful development.China is a defender and builder of the existing international system and is dedicated to maintaining an overall environment of peace and stability.We call for observance of the basic norms governing international relations and believe that regional conflicts and hotspot issues should be solved peacefully and politically through dialogue.We stand ready to deepen cooperation with our Asian neighbors, properly handle differences as there may be, maintain the overall interest of stability and security and uphold the order of peace.We advocate the building of an open, fair and integrated global market and support the establishment of both multilateral free trade arrangements and bilateral FTAs, in order to build a high-standard FTA network that is globally oriented.We oppose protectionism in all its forms and do not favor fighting trade wars.We will continue to pursue a more proactive strategy of opening-up and improve the open economic system.We will focus on stabilizing export and actively expanding import.We will move faster to bring greater openness in the service sector, as well as China's areas bordering other countries and its vast central and western regions.We will follow a stable and more open policy on foreign capital.We will continue to improve and standardize the business environment, in order to attract more foreign businesses and investment and draw upon and adopt the advanced technologies, mature managerial expertise and fine cultural achievements of other countries.China will always be a major country committed to learning from others and to being open and inclusive.Acting on the basis of its actual conditions, China will strive to become a major country driven by innovation.“大智興邦,不過(guò)集眾思”。也就是說(shuō),智慧來(lái)自于大眾。我剛才強(qiáng)調(diào)的大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新將會(huì)迸發(fā)出燦爛的火花。我們比任何時(shí)候都需要改革創(chuàng)新,更需要分享改革創(chuàng)新成果。這用中國(guó)的成語(yǔ)說(shuō),就是眾人拾柴火焰高。希望與會(huì)各位暢所欲言,共同探索改革創(chuàng)新和開(kāi)放發(fā)展之路,共同謀劃創(chuàng)造價(jià)值與互利共贏之策,為中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展、為世界繁榮進(jìn)步作出應(yīng)有的努力與貢獻(xiàn)。
As the saying goes, great vision that makes a country prosper is but the result of collective wisdom.In other words, wisdom comes from the people.In the same line, the massive entrepreneurship and innovation by all, as I emphasized earlier, will generate enormous power.Today more than any other time, we need reform and innovation and the sharing of the result of reform and innovation.To use a Chinese idiom, the fire will burn higher when everyone adds wood to it.I hope that all our distinguished participants will speak up your minds, jointly explore ways for reform, innovation and open development, share your views on how to create value and achieve mutual benefit, and do what you can to help China's economic development and world prosperity and progress.預(yù)祝本屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇圓滿(mǎn)成功!愿各位嘉賓在華工作順利、身體健康!Let me conclude by wishing this Summer Davos a complete success, and I wish all of you a successful Forum and very good health!
謝謝大家!Thank you.
第五篇:2013年李克強(qiáng)在達(dá)沃斯世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇講話
李克強(qiáng):以改革創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展
《以改革創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展》
尊敬的施瓦布主席先生和夫人,尊敬的各位貴賓、女士們、先生們、朋友們:首先,我代表中國(guó)政府對(duì)達(dá)沃斯論壇夏季年會(huì)在大連召開(kāi)表示熱烈的祝賀!對(duì)遠(yuǎn)道而來(lái)的貴賓、外國(guó)的朋友們表示誠(chéng)摯的歡迎!
7年前,世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇從瑞士的高山之巔來(lái)到了中國(guó)的渤海之濱,當(dāng)時(shí)我正在遼寧工作,親身經(jīng)歷了夏季年會(huì)的創(chuàng)辦工作。7年過(guò)去了,達(dá)沃斯論壇的夏季年會(huì)輪流在中國(guó)的大連和天津舉辦,影響越來(lái)越大,吸引了眾多的外國(guó)政要、企業(yè)界、媒體的朋友。大家共享著世界和中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的成果,交流著體會(huì)。此次論壇的主題叫做“創(chuàng)新:勢(shì)在必行”,這本身就反映了世經(jīng)論壇歷來(lái)所具有的前瞻性和引領(lǐng)性。我相信這會(huì)激發(fā)與會(huì)者更多的思想火花。
從2008年9月至今,國(guó)際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)已整整五年。目前,世界經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)仍然是錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜,有些發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體剛出現(xiàn)一些好的跡象,而一些新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體又面臨著下行等諸多壓力??梢哉f(shuō)是一波未平一波又起。受多重因素影響,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度也有所放緩,讓世人矚目。昨天,我和施瓦布先生一起與部分企業(yè)家進(jìn)行了交流,大家對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)當(dāng)前、未來(lái)發(fā)展的態(tài)勢(shì)、走勢(shì)都十分關(guān)心。一段時(shí)間以來(lái),國(guó)際上對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)也有不少議論,有擔(dān)心會(huì)不會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些國(guó)家曾經(jīng)遇到過(guò)的增長(zhǎng)過(guò)緩問(wèn)題,甚至出現(xiàn)所謂的“硬著陸”。我想告訴大家,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)在正處在轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)的關(guān)鍵階段,當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基本面是好的,經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行是平穩(wěn)的。
今年一季度,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速?gòu)娜ツ晁募径鹊?.9%下行到了7.7%,二季度又下行到7.5%。投資、消費(fèi)、外貿(mào)增速都出現(xiàn)下行的趨勢(shì)。而且中央財(cái)政收入也出現(xiàn)了多年來(lái)少有的負(fù)增長(zhǎng),引起一些擔(dān)心和議論。這是難免的。但是,面對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力,我們堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)的總基調(diào),采取了一系列創(chuàng)新性的政策措施,統(tǒng)籌穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促改革,保證了經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。
第一,兼顧當(dāng)前和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn),穩(wěn)定宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。經(jīng)濟(jì)下行時(shí),用短期刺激政策把經(jīng)濟(jì)增速推高,不失為一種辦法。但是權(quán)衡利弊,我們認(rèn)為這樣無(wú)助于深層次問(wèn)題的解決。因而選擇了既利當(dāng)前、更惠長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的策略,保持宏觀政策的穩(wěn)定。這本身就不容易。在財(cái)政政策方面,堅(jiān)持不擴(kuò)大赤字,而是調(diào)整支出結(jié)構(gòu),壓縮行政開(kāi)支,加快支出進(jìn)度,尤其是加大對(duì)中西部地區(qū)、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和保障民生的支持,對(duì)小微企業(yè)實(shí)行稅收優(yōu)惠。在貨幣政策方面,保持定力,即使貨幣市場(chǎng)出現(xiàn)短期波動(dòng),我們也沉著應(yīng)對(duì),不畏艱險(xiǎn),既不放松也不收緊銀根,重點(diǎn)是通過(guò)盤(pán)活存量、用好增量來(lái)支持實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。我們還通過(guò)加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管和規(guī)范發(fā)展,積極防范與化解財(cái)政金融領(lǐng)域的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。對(duì)大家都很關(guān)心的中國(guó)地方政府性債務(wù)問(wèn)題,我們正在采取有針對(duì)性的措施,有序規(guī)范和化解??梢杂邪盐盏卣f(shuō),總體是安全可控的。
第二,堅(jiān)定不移推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放,著力激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力。改革創(chuàng)新是一個(gè)國(guó)家發(fā)展的不竭動(dòng)力。本屆政府開(kāi)門(mén)做的第一件大事,就是以轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能為核心,大力推進(jìn)行政管理體制改革。今年以來(lái),我們已取消和下放了200多項(xiàng)行政審批事項(xiàng),目的就是是通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán),把該放的權(quán)放開(kāi)、放到位,把政府該管的事情管好、管到位,為各類(lèi)企業(yè)創(chuàng)造公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的環(huán)境,以激發(fā)市場(chǎng)主體的創(chuàng)造活力。我們擴(kuò)大了“營(yíng)改增”試點(diǎn)范圍,積極推動(dòng)利率市場(chǎng)化進(jìn)程、鐵路等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投融資體制、資源性產(chǎn)品價(jià)格、政府購(gòu)買(mǎi)公共服務(wù)等領(lǐng)域改革。推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革,發(fā)展混合所有制經(jīng)濟(jì),在金融、石油、電力、鐵路、電信、能源開(kāi)發(fā)、公用事業(yè)、服務(wù)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入,引導(dǎo)民間投資增長(zhǎng),為各類(lèi)所有制企業(yè)提供更大的發(fā)展空間。中國(guó)的發(fā)展要依靠改革,也離不開(kāi)開(kāi)放。我們不斷探索對(duì)外開(kāi)放的新路子,上半年與歐洲國(guó)家瑞士和冰島簽署了自貿(mào)協(xié)定,最近又與東盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人商議打造中國(guó)—東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū)升級(jí)版。在上海建立自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū),探索負(fù)面清單管理模式,重點(diǎn)在投資準(zhǔn)入、服務(wù)貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域擴(kuò)大開(kāi)放方面探索經(jīng)驗(yàn)。我們還推出了提高對(duì)外貿(mào)易便利化等措施來(lái)促進(jìn)進(jìn)出口的平穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)。
第三,著眼轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),調(diào)整優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)到了只有轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)才能持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵階段。擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需是最大的結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)和區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展是主要任務(wù),實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化、信息化、新型城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化是基本途徑,發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)是重要的戰(zhàn)略支撐。我們積極培育新的消費(fèi)熱點(diǎn),推動(dòng)實(shí)施“寬帶中國(guó)”戰(zhàn)略。加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)建設(shè),增加節(jié)能環(huán)保、棚戶(hù)區(qū)改造、城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、中西部鐵路等方面的投資,加大對(duì)集中連片特困地區(qū)的支持力度。還專(zhuān)門(mén)出臺(tái)政策措施,促進(jìn)養(yǎng)老、健康、文化、教育等服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展。加快實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,大力推進(jìn)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,促進(jìn)科技和經(jīng)濟(jì)的深度融合,營(yíng)造創(chuàng)業(yè)、創(chuàng)新的社會(huì)環(huán)境。
今年以來(lái),中國(guó)穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促改革協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn),得益于宏觀管理方式的創(chuàng)新。我們根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?jié)摿彤?dāng)前實(shí)際,科學(xué)確定經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的合理區(qū)間,守住穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、保就業(yè)的“下限”,把握好防通脹的“上限”。這也可以說(shuō)是預(yù)期調(diào)節(jié)的預(yù)警線。同時(shí),制定與經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行合理區(qū)間相配套的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策框架。只要經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行在合理區(qū)間,經(jīng)濟(jì)總量政策就保持穩(wěn)定,主線是轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式,著力點(diǎn)是調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu),主動(dòng)力是推進(jìn)改革創(chuàng)新,以不斷釋放內(nèi)需潛力、創(chuàng)新的動(dòng)力和改革的紅利,來(lái)激發(fā)市場(chǎng)的活力,形成經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的內(nèi)生力量,打造中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)升級(jí)版。這些舉措,使中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行呈現(xiàn)企穩(wěn)向好的勢(shì)頭。從7、8月份情況看,制造業(yè)經(jīng)理人采購(gòu)指數(shù)(PMI)、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)者出廠價(jià)格指數(shù)(PPI)、工業(yè)增加值、進(jìn)出口、用電量、貨運(yùn)量等主要指標(biāo)普遍回升,實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)活躍,城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大,物價(jià)總水平保持穩(wěn)定,市場(chǎng)的信心在增強(qiáng),社會(huì)預(yù)期向好。這種穩(wěn)中有進(jìn)的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)使我們堅(jiān)信,中國(guó)今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的預(yù)期目標(biāo)、主要任務(wù)一定會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。同時(shí),我們?nèi)匀槐3种逍训念^腦,清醒地看到,目前經(jīng)濟(jì)回升的基礎(chǔ)仍不牢固,不確定因素還很多。我們不能也絕不會(huì)掉以輕心,會(huì)用堅(jiān)定的信心、毅力、智慧去克服困難和挑戰(zhàn),做好各種準(zhǔn)備。
女士們、先生們!中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)30多年的高速增長(zhǎng),創(chuàng)造了世界發(fā)展史上的奇跡。當(dāng)前,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已進(jìn)入中高速增長(zhǎng)階段。7.5%左右的增速與過(guò)去中國(guó)兩位數(shù)增長(zhǎng)相比是慢了一些,但從世界范圍看,仍然是世界主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體當(dāng)中的高速度。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)總量比過(guò)去明顯增大,目前又進(jìn)入了轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展階段,潛在增長(zhǎng)率有所下降,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)由高速轉(zhuǎn)為中高速符合發(fā)展規(guī)律。如此龐大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體,如果能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)中高速長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)是不容易的,也是對(duì)中國(guó)乃至對(duì)世界的貢獻(xiàn)。尤其是我們未來(lái)的增長(zhǎng)必須是以提高質(zhì)量和效益為前提,必須以資源節(jié)約和生態(tài)環(huán)保為支撐,必須以科技創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)進(jìn)步為動(dòng)力,必須是保證就業(yè)和居民收入相應(yīng)增加的增長(zhǎng)。也就是說(shuō),要讓改革和發(fā)展的成果惠及最廣大的人民群眾。
展望未來(lái),中國(guó)發(fā)展前景光明。我們完全有能力、有條件保持經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。中國(guó)的工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化任務(wù)遠(yuǎn)未完成,區(qū)域發(fā)展的回旋余地和市場(chǎng)潛力巨大;改革大勢(shì)不可逆轉(zhuǎn),推進(jìn)改革必將釋放出新的制度活力。只要我們持續(xù)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì),不斷改善民生,促進(jìn)社會(huì)公正,堅(jiān)定不移地沿著改革開(kāi)放之路走下去,咬定長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展目標(biāo)不放松,解決眼前問(wèn)題不懈怠,中國(guó)這艘經(jīng)濟(jì)巨輪一定能夠乘風(fēng)破浪,揚(yáng)帆遠(yuǎn)航。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)一定能保持長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展!我們一定會(huì)努力實(shí)現(xiàn)而且必將實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。
女士們、先生們!當(dāng)今世界,經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、世界多極化、社會(huì)信息化深入發(fā)展,我們同住一個(gè)“地球村”,沒(méi)有哪一個(gè)國(guó)家能變成離群索居的“魯賓遜”。我想很難找到現(xiàn)代“魯賓遜”了。這些年來(lái),中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展從對(duì)外開(kāi)放中獲益匪淺。同時(shí),中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的主要推動(dòng)力量之一,在應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)中也發(fā)揮了重要作用。預(yù)計(jì)未來(lái)5年中國(guó)進(jìn)口將達(dá)10萬(wàn)億美元,對(duì)外投資將超過(guò)5000億美元,出境旅游人數(shù)將超過(guò)4億人次。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),將對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮和發(fā)展作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。中國(guó)愿與世界共同分享這一巨大的商機(jī),也希望各國(guó)能夠?yàn)橹袊?guó)發(fā)展提供更好的合作環(huán)境。
中國(guó)作為一個(gè)發(fā)展中大國(guó),在國(guó)際事務(wù)中應(yīng)當(dāng)有自己的責(zé)任和擔(dān)當(dāng)。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)體量的增大,中國(guó)在國(guó)際上發(fā)揮的作用也會(huì)相應(yīng)增大。中國(guó)有句古話,叫做“君子成人之美”。只有美人之美,才能美美與共。我們?cè)敢飧鄥⑴c國(guó)際治理,盡可能提供國(guó)際公共產(chǎn)品;與其他發(fā)展中國(guó)家分享減貧經(jīng)驗(yàn),提供力所能及的幫助;為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長(zhǎng)分擔(dān)應(yīng)有的責(zé)任。當(dāng)然,中國(guó)依然是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家,按照國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn),我們還有一億多人口生活在貧困線下。中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化還有漫長(zhǎng)的、艱辛的路要走,中國(guó)承擔(dān)的國(guó)際責(zé)任和義務(wù)只能與自己的發(fā)展水平相適應(yīng)。當(dāng)前世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇艱難曲折,國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào),完善應(yīng)對(duì)跨國(guó)金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的準(zhǔn)備,加快全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理改革。提升發(fā)展中國(guó)家在國(guó)際事務(wù)中的代表性和話語(yǔ)權(quán),盡可能減少一些國(guó)家宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策調(diào)整對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)特別是對(duì)新興市場(chǎng)國(guó)家和發(fā)展中國(guó)家可能帶來(lái)的沖擊。各國(guó)還應(yīng)進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大相互開(kāi)放,旗幟鮮明地反對(duì)各種形式的貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義,齊心協(xié)力做大世界經(jīng)濟(jì)這塊大蛋糕。中國(guó)將一如既往鼓勵(lì)外國(guó)公司來(lái)華投資興業(yè),進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化投資環(huán)境,強(qiáng)化知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù),營(yíng)造平等使用生產(chǎn)要素、公平參與市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、同等受到法律保護(hù)、共同承擔(dān)社會(huì)責(zé)任的環(huán)境。我們將繼續(xù)用事實(shí)證明,選擇中國(guó)是跨國(guó)公司興旺發(fā)達(dá)的明智之舉、上乘之策。
女士們、先生們!我們生活在一個(gè)飛速變革的時(shí)代,變革呼喚創(chuàng)新,創(chuàng)新推動(dòng)進(jìn)步。中國(guó)政府所采取的一系列政策,都貫穿著改革創(chuàng)新的理念和精神。創(chuàng)新是我們永遠(yuǎn)高揚(yáng)的旗幟。希望在座的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)新領(lǐng)軍者成為各自領(lǐng)域改革創(chuàng)新的生力軍。多年來(lái),夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇成為聚焦中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要平臺(tái),發(fā)揮著獨(dú)特作用。今天,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的奇跡已進(jìn)入提質(zhì)增效的“第二季”,后面的故事我們?cè)敢庖蚕M省N蚁嘈?,夏季達(dá)沃斯會(huì)越辦越好,不僅會(huì)向世界展示中國(guó)人民建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化國(guó)家的多彩風(fēng)貌,也為世界和中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展繁榮凝聚更多的智慧和力量!
最后,預(yù)祝本屆年會(huì)和論壇取得圓滿(mǎn)成功!祝各位在中國(guó)、在大連工作順利、身體健康!謝謝!
致辭結(jié)束,李克強(qiáng)總理返回座位,施瓦布在座位上向李總理提問(wèn)。[ 2013-09-11 18:00 ]
[ 施瓦布 ] 感謝總理!我想借這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)問(wèn)您兩個(gè)問(wèn)題。我的第一個(gè)問(wèn)題是,中國(guó)的金融體制改革可謂涉及中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的方方面面,可以說(shuō)金融體制的改革在中國(guó)“牽一發(fā)而動(dòng)全身”。我想請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理,中國(guó)如何進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)金融體制改革? [ 2013-09-11 18:01 ]
[ 李克強(qiáng) ] 剛才我演講的題目叫做《以改革創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展》。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)要實(shí)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展,必須依靠改革。全面改革包含著經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革,經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革當(dāng)中一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容是金融改革,這是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)工程。正因?yàn)槭菑?fù)雜的系統(tǒng)工程,也表明中國(guó)的改革進(jìn)入了深水區(qū)、攻堅(jiān)階段。所以,我們不僅要有勇氣,而且要有智慧,要尋找、抓住“牽一發(fā)動(dòng)全身”的改革。我們不畏難,也不惜力,并不是想僅做巧事,事半而功倍。但我們還是愿意求得出一招能夠影響全局乃至滿(mǎn)盤(pán)皆活的效果。
在金融體制改革中,抓住重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)或者說(shuō)是關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題,將有利于經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的推進(jìn),會(huì)影響中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)生活的方方面面,有利于促進(jìn)全面改革的深化。[ 2013-09-11 18:05 ]
[ 李克強(qiáng) ] 我們下一步要推進(jìn)的金融體制改革,關(guān)鍵還是要堅(jiān)持市場(chǎng)化改革的基本取向,積極穩(wěn)妥地推進(jìn)利率、匯率的市場(chǎng)化,逐步推進(jìn)人民幣資本項(xiàng)下可兌換。
而且要推進(jìn)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的改革,特別是要放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入,讓多種所有制金融機(jī)構(gòu)有更多的發(fā)展空間,也使多層次的金融體系得以培育。
正像自然界有大樹(shù),也有小草。企業(yè)界有跨國(guó)公司,也有小微企業(yè)。金融系統(tǒng)也應(yīng)該既有生態(tài)的大循環(huán),也有小循環(huán),既有大銀行,也有小銀行,乃至有村鎮(zhèn)銀行。這樣就可以更全面、有效地支持各類(lèi)企業(yè)發(fā)展,支持實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,有利于更多的人口就業(yè)和增加收入。[ 2013-09-11 18:10 ]
[ 李克強(qiáng) ] 下一步,我們還要積極推動(dòng)多層次資本市場(chǎng)的培育發(fā)展。中國(guó)現(xiàn)在的儲(chǔ)蓄率比較高,這有好的一面,也有不利的一面。我們正在不斷采取措施,擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需、刺激消費(fèi),而且希望通過(guò)有效的措施來(lái)優(yōu)化投資結(jié)構(gòu),提高投資效率。這需要提高直接融資比重,讓社會(huì)、企業(yè)、個(gè)人有更多的投資渠道。也就是說(shuō),要拓寬投融資的渠道,使社會(huì)、企業(yè)、個(gè)人有更多的選擇,市場(chǎng)更有活力。[ 2013-09-11 18:12 ]
[ 李克強(qiáng) ] 我們?cè)谥v到金融改革的時(shí)候也不能忘記必須同步推進(jìn)金融監(jiān)管。剛才我講到了五年前發(fā)生的國(guó)際金融危機(jī)。經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展需要金融的支撐,但金融出現(xiàn)危機(jī)會(huì)嚴(yán)重沖擊經(jīng)濟(jì)的平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。
其實(shí),加強(qiáng)金融監(jiān)管本身也是一種改革。我們將完善金融監(jiān)管體系,增強(qiáng)金融監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)的協(xié)調(diào)性,并且擇機(jī)推出存款保險(xiǎn)制度,要堅(jiān)決守住不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性、區(qū)域性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的底線,讓儲(chǔ)蓄、投資者對(duì)未來(lái)都有穩(wěn)定的、可預(yù)期的回報(bào)。說(shuō)到底,金融體制改革就是要惠及實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)、有利于結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,使更多的人民群眾受益。謝謝![ 2013-09-11 18:15 ]
[ 施瓦布 ] 感謝總理剛才您全面地回答我提出的問(wèn)題。在您剛才的演講中,您提到了全球自由貿(mào)易的重要性。目前,多哈回合談判陷入僵局,在這個(gè)情況下出現(xiàn)了一系列地區(qū)貿(mào)易安排,請(qǐng)問(wèn)中國(guó)政府怎么看待全球貿(mào)易體系? [ 2013-09-11 18:15 ]
[ 李克強(qiáng) ] 你問(wèn)我的這個(gè)問(wèn)題包括三個(gè)方面,也可以說(shuō)是三個(gè)問(wèn)題,我還需要比較全面的回答你。我想反過(guò)來(lái)回答,你剛才提到多邊貿(mào)易體系,我經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到有人說(shuō),中國(guó)是多邊貿(mào)易體系的受益者、受惠者。
我覺(jué)得,這種說(shuō)法有對(duì)的一面,但也不完全準(zhǔn)確和全面。中國(guó)加入WTO,確實(shí)使中國(guó)更加開(kāi)放,也使中國(guó)的企業(yè)面臨壓力、增強(qiáng)動(dòng)力,更使中國(guó)的人民愈加勤奮。中國(guó)是受益者,但中國(guó)也付出了代價(jià)。隨著世界多邊貿(mào)易的發(fā)展和中國(guó)在其中扮演的角色,帶來(lái)了貿(mào)易擴(kuò)大、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、物美價(jià)廉商品到處出現(xiàn),使多國(guó)人民受益。當(dāng)然,也使中國(guó)人民受惠。我們始終認(rèn)為,多邊貿(mào)易體系是一個(gè)雙贏、多贏、共贏的體系。[ 2013-09-11 18:19 ]
[ 李克強(qiáng) ] 現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)看到,雙邊和區(qū)域的貿(mào)易安排在許多國(guó)家和地方發(fā)生,可以說(shuō)十分活躍。對(duì)像TPP、TTIP等,中國(guó)都是持開(kāi)放和包容的態(tài)度。我們認(rèn)為,世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的一體化、貿(mào)易的自由化,這是不可阻擋的趨勢(shì)。在這個(gè)過(guò)程當(dāng)中,增加區(qū)域貿(mào)易安排和發(fā)展多邊貿(mào)易體制,可以形成“兩個(gè)輪子一起轉(zhuǎn)”。
當(dāng)然,我們也希望不論是區(qū)域的,還是雙邊的貿(mào)易安排,都應(yīng)該遵守多邊貿(mào)易的基本規(guī)則,也應(yīng)該本著開(kāi)放、包容、透明的原則。這個(gè)基本原則就是,要有利于貿(mào)易的自由化,堅(jiān)決反對(duì)貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義,而且無(wú)論怎樣的區(qū)域貿(mào)易安排,最終目的還是要實(shí)現(xiàn)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的一體化,它不應(yīng)該也不可能替代多邊貿(mào)易安排,這也是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)發(fā)展繁榮的必由之路。[ 2013-09-11 18:25 ]
[ 李克強(qiáng) ] 當(dāng)然,我們也要看到,現(xiàn)在多邊貿(mào)易體制的發(fā)展遇到一些問(wèn)題,特別是多哈回合談判遇到困難,甚至在一些問(wèn)題上出現(xiàn)了僵局。如果多邊貿(mào)易體制不能繼續(xù)往前發(fā)展,將會(huì)影響世界經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的進(jìn)程,也會(huì)影響世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的進(jìn)程,增加復(fù)蘇的難度,會(huì)使貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義更多地抬頭。
所以,我們希望有關(guān)國(guó)家在關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題上要敢于做政治決斷,推進(jìn)一些問(wèn)題的解決,把握住早期收獲的機(jī)遇,使多邊貿(mào)易體制往前走,不停頓。這樣會(huì)和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇同步,不發(fā)生更多的曲折,避免不該有的障礙,會(huì)使全球各國(guó)和各國(guó)人民受惠。這里我想代表中國(guó)政府再次重申,中國(guó)將繼續(xù)堅(jiān)定不移地?cái)U(kuò)大開(kāi)放,堅(jiān)決反對(duì)貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義。歡迎更多的外國(guó)企業(yè)到中國(guó)來(lái)投資興業(yè),進(jìn)行貿(mào)易等方面的活動(dòng)。我們會(huì)取得共贏的局面。[ 2013-09-11 18:28 ]
[ 李克強(qiáng) ] 最后,我想感謝尊敬的施瓦布主席邀請(qǐng)我來(lái)這個(gè)會(huì)場(chǎng)發(fā)表致辭,并回答你提出的問(wèn)題。我還要增加一句,中國(guó)政府也會(huì)鼓勵(lì)中國(guó)有信譽(yù)、有實(shí)力的企業(yè)到外國(guó)、到在座嘉賓的國(guó)家去投資興業(yè)。相信會(huì)得到你們的歡迎。謝謝![ 2013-09-11 18:29 ]
[ 施瓦布 ] 我代表在座各位感謝總理先生作出的精彩致辭,說(shuō)到許多實(shí)質(zhì)性的內(nèi)容,直接直率地跟我們討論了一些相關(guān)問(wèn)題。另外,感謝總理先生對(duì)世經(jīng)論壇的支持!在您的致辭中,就提到了對(duì)論壇的支持。謝謝您來(lái)參加夏季達(dá)沃斯年會(huì)。謝謝!
[ 2013-09-11 18:34 ]
[ 新華網(wǎng) ] 施瓦布宣布開(kāi)幕式結(jié)束。新華網(wǎng)直播到此結(jié)束。[ 2013-09-11 18:34 ]