第一篇：新概念 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí) 句子翻譯

新概念 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí) 句子翻譯：

1.你準(zhǔn)備做什么？我準(zhǔn)備聽(tīng)音響。你正在做什么？我正在聽(tīng)音響。

2.他的爺爺奶奶準(zhǔn)備做什么？他們準(zhǔn)備去購(gòu)物。他的爺爺奶奶正在做什么？他們正在購(gòu)物。3.Tim準(zhǔn)備做什么？Tim準(zhǔn)備去掃地。

4.你姐姐最喜歡的顏色是什么？她最喜歡的顏色是粉色。5.他們打算做什么？他們打算去做飯。

6.那個(gè)男孩兒正在做什么？他正在等公交車(chē)。7.看，她正走進(jìn)臥室。她準(zhǔn)備去整理床鋪。8.Jack正在做什么？他正在爬樹(shù)。

9.你哥哥打算做什么？他打算去清潔牙齒。10.Amy正在做什么？她正在脫大衣。11.看，那個(gè)女孩兒正站在她媽媽旁邊。12.教室前面有一張桌子。（翻譯成英語(yǔ)并改寫(xiě)成否定句）13.墻上有一些圖片。（翻譯成英語(yǔ)并改成一般疑問(wèn)句做否定回答）14.臥室有一張床和兩把椅子。

15.架子上有一些報(bào)紙嗎？不，架子上沒(méi)有報(bào)紙。架子上有一些票。16.房間里有椅子嗎？不，房間里沒(méi)有椅子。房間的中間有一把扶手椅。17.桌子下有一只貓。貓旁邊有一只鞋子。18.地板上有一些雜志。它們很臟。

19.那個(gè)女人正在做什么？她正在關(guān)水龍頭。20.看那個(gè)郵遞員，他正在喝水。

第二篇：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),一般將來(lái)時(shí)練習(xí)題 帶答案

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)集錦

一、按要求改寫(xiě)句子

1.The boy is playing basketball.否定句：____________________________ 一般疑問(wèn)句：_________________________ 肯定回答：__________________________否定回答：__________________________ 對(duì)“ The boy”提問(wèn)：__________________________ 2.造句: 1).she,the window,open,now.(用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連詞成句.)_____________________ 2).is,who,the window,cleaning?(連詞成句)______________________ 3).She is closing the door now.(改成否定句)______________________ 4.)You are doing your homework.(用“I”作主語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)______________________ 5).they,the tree,sing,now,under.(用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連詞成句.)____________________ 6).The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑問(wèn)句)__________

二、單項(xiàng)選擇

（）1.我在照看孩子.(A)I am looking after the baby.(B)I'm look aftering the baby.(C)I look am aftering the baby.(D)I looking after the baby.()2._____friend's making______a kite.(A)I,me(B)My,my(C)My,me(D)His,his()3.Is the woman ______ yellow your teacher?(A)in(B)putting on(C)wearing(D)having()4.Look!The twins_____their mother do the housework.(A)are wanting(B)help(C)are helping(D)are looking()5._____are the birds doing? They are singing in a tree.(A)Who(B)What(C)How(D)Where()6.Is she____something?(A)eat(B)eating(C)eatting(D)eats()7.你在干什么?(A)What is you doing?(B)What are you do?(C)What are you doing?(D)What do you do?()8.What are you listening_____?(A)/(B)for(C)at(D)to()9.我正在聽(tīng)他說(shuō)話.(A)I listening to him.(B)I'm listening to him.(C)I'm listen to him.(D)I'm listening him.()10.They are_____their clothes.(A)makeing(B)putting(C)put away(D)putting on()11.Listen!She____in the classroom.(A)is singing(B)sing(C)to sing(D)is sing()12.Today Jim______ his white shirt and brown trousers.(A)is putting on(B)wear(C)put on(D)is wearing()13.______are you eating?I'm eating______meat.(A)What,some(B)Which,any(C)Where,not(D)What,a()14.They______TV in the evening.They do their homework.(A)are watching(B)can't watching(C)don't watch(D)don't watching()15.The children_____football.(A)is playing(B)are playing(C)play the(D)play a()16.They are flying kites.(A)他們喜歡放風(fēng)箏.(B)他們?cè)诜棚L(fēng)箏嗎?(C)他們?cè)诜棚L(fēng)箏.(D)他們常放風(fēng)箏.()17.Look,They are swimming in the river.I want_____you.(A)to go with(B)go with(C)helping(D)help()18.Look.Lucy is_____a new bike today.(A)jumping(B)running(C)riding(D)takeing

三、用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成下列句子: 1.What_________you__________(do)? 2.I_____________(sing)an English song.3.What________he____________(mend)? 4.He______________(mend)a car.5.______you__________(fly)a kite?Yes,_______.6.______she___________(sit)in the boat? 7.______you_____________(ask)questions? 8.We_______________(play)games now.一般過(guò)去時(shí)

請(qǐng)用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空。

1.I _________(have)an exciting party last weekend.2._________ she _________(practice)her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.3.What ________ Tom ________(do)on Saturday evening?

He ________(watch)TV and __________(read)an interesting book.4.They all _________(go)to the mountains yesterday morning.5.She _________(not visit)her aunt last weekend.She ________(stay)at home and _________(do)some cleaning.6.When ________ you _________(write)this song? I __________(write)it last year.7.My friend, Carol, ________(study)for the math test and ________(practice)English last night.8.________ Mr.Li __________(do)the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _________.9.How _________(be)Jim's weekend? It _________(be not)bad.10.________(be)your mother a sales assistant last year? No.she __________.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)

一.用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.What time_________ his father_________(do)the work? 2.He _________(get)up at five o’clock.3.__________ you _________(brush)your teeth every morning.4.What ________(do)he usually ________(do)after school? 5.Tom ________(study)English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6.Kitty sometimes __________(go)to the park with his sister.7.At eight at night, she __________(watch)TV with her parents.8.________ Mike________(read)English every day? 9.How many lessons________ your classmates______(have)on Monday? 10.We often___________(play)football in the playground.二．選擇

()1._____ you have a book?

A.Do B.Are C.Is D.Have()2.They _________ on a farm.A.working B.is work C.work D.is worked()3.Does Peter like to watch TV?

__________.A.Yes, he like B.No, he doesn’t C.Yes, he’d like D.No, he likes()4.She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon.A.doing B.to do C.does D.do()5.How ____________ Mr.Brown ___________ to America?

A.do,go B.is,go C.does,go D.does,goes()6.Where’s my camera? I____________ it.A.am not finding B.am not seeing C.can’t find D.can’t look at()7.How ___________ he go to work?

He ___________ to work by bike.A.does;go B.do;goes C.do;go D.does;goes()8.______ you usually late for school?

No, _____________.A.Do;I am B.Does;not C.Are;I’m not D.Are;I aren’t()9._____ she _____ home at six every day?

A.Is , leave B.Does , leave C.Is , leaves D.Does , left()10.Mr.Yang ____________ English this term.A.teaches our B.teaches us C.teachs us D.teach our

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題

1.Jenny ____ in an office.Her parents ____in a hospital.A.work works B.works work C.work are working D.is working work 2.One of the boys_____ a black hat.A.have B.there is C.there are D.has 3.We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.A.don't rain B.didn't rain C.doesn't rain D.isn't rain

4.He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.A.rose;set B.rises;sets C.rises;set D.rise;sets 5.Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.A.like;listen B.likes;listens C.like;are listening D.liking;listen 6.Jenny____ English every evening.A.has study B.studies C.study D.studied 7._____Mike from Japan? A.Are B.Do C.Does D.Is 8._____you come from Japan? A.Are B.Do C.Does D.Is 9.What language do you_______? A.say B.talk C.tell D.speak 10.The elephant likes______her friends and _____grass.A.play with;eat B.play with;eats C.to play with;eat D.to play with;eats

二、所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空

1.I can take Li Ming there when he _____(come)to visit.2._____your sister_____(know)English? 3.Her home____(be)away from her school.4.The pot_____(not look)like yours very much.5.Where _____you____(have)lunch every day? 6.Who_____(want)to go swimming? 7.______she_____(do)the housework every day? 8.Jenny and Danny usually______(play)games in the afternoon.9.______you ______(like)English? 10.What______his father_____(do)?

一般將來(lái)時(shí)

一、用所給動(dòng)詞的一般將來(lái)時(shí)填空

1.I ______（leave）in a minute.I ______（finish）all my work before I ______（leave）.2.—How long _____ you _____（study）in our country? —I _____（plan）to be here for about one more year.—I _____（hope）to visit the other parts of your country.—What ______ you ______（do）after you ______（leave）here? —I ______（return）home and ______（get）a job.3.I ______（be）tired.I ______（go）to bed early tonight.4.Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present.5.It is very cold these days.It ______（snow）soon.6.—_____ you _____（be）here this Saturday? —No.I ______（visit）my teacher.7.—______ I ______（get）you a copy of today’s newspaper? —Thank you.8.I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon.I can’t join you.9.Mike ______（believe, not）this until he ______（see）it with his own eyes.10.Most of us don’t think their team ______（win）.二、單項(xiàng)選擇

1.There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A.will be going to B.will going to be C.is going to be D.will go to be 2.Charlie ________ here next month.A.isn’t working B.doesn’t working

C.isn’t going to working D.won’t work

3.He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.A.will be;is B.is;is C.will be;will be D.is;will be 4.There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A.was B.is going to have C.will have D.is going to be 5.–________ you ________ free tomorrow? – No.I ________ free the day after tomorrow.A.Are;going to;will B.Are;going to be;will C.Are;going to;will be D.Are;going to be;will be 6.Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.A.will gives B.will give C.gives D.give 7.– Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________.（不，不要。）

A.No, you won’t B.No, you aren’t.C.No, please don’t D.No, please.8.– Where is the morning paper? – I ________ if for you at once.A.get B.am getting C.to get D.will get 9.________ a concert next Saturday? A.There will be B.Will there be C.There can be D.There are 10.If they come, we ________ a meeting.A.have B.will have C.had D.would have 11.He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A.gives B.gave C.will giving D.is going to giving 12.He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.A.writes B.has written C.will write D.wrote 13.He ________ in three days.A.coming back B.came back C.will come back D.is going to coming back 14.If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating.A.isn’t rain B.won’t rain

C.doesn’t rain D.doesn’t fine

15.– Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? – No, ________（不去）.A.they willn’t B.they won’t.C.they aren’t D.they don’t.16.Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A.will;go B.do;go C.will;going D.shall;go 17.We ________ the work this way next time.A.do B.will do C.going to do D.will doing 18.Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ________ boating in the park.A.will fly;will go B.will fly;goes C.is going to fly;will goes D.flies;will go 19.The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.A.will watching B.watches C.is watching D.is going to watch 20.There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.A.shall be B.will be C.shall going to be D.will going to be 21.They ________ an English evening next Sunday.A.are having B.are going to have C.will having D.is going to have 22.________ you ________ free next Sunday? A.Will;are B.Will;be C.Do;be D.Are;be 23.He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning.A.will B.is C.will be D.be 24.________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library? A.Are;going to borrow B.Is;going to borrow C.Will;borrows D.Are;going to borrows 25.– Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? –________（好的）.A.Yes, please B.Yes, you will.C.No, please D.No, you won’t.26.It ________ the year of the horse next year.A.is going to be B.is going to

C.will be D.will is 27.________ open the window? A.Will you please B.Please will you C.You please D.Do you

28.– Let’s go out to play football, shall we? – OK.I ________.A.will coming B.be going to come C.come D.am coming 29.It ________ us a long time to learn English well.A.takes B.will take C.spends D.will spend 30.The train ________ at 11.A.going to arrive B.will be arrive C.is going to D.is arriving 參考答案： 1.C 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D

9.B 10.B 11.D 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.B 16.D

17.B 18.A 19.D 20.B 21.B 22.B 23.C 24.B

25.A 26.A 27.A 28.D 29.B 30.D

三、把下列各句譯成英語(yǔ) 1．我叔叔今晚要來(lái)。2．他沒(méi)有打算住那座小屋。3．我們要讀這本書(shū)。

4．—你爸爸要去釣魚(yú)嗎？—不，他要去游泳。參考答案：

1．My uncle will come tonight．

2．He isn't going to live in the small house． 3．We are going to read this book．

4．—Will your father go fishing？—No，he is going swimming．

進(jìn)行時(shí)參考答案

1、The boy is not playing basketball.Is the boy playing basketball.肯定回答Yes, he is.否定回答No, he is not

2、She is opening the window now.Who is cleaning the window? She is not closing the door now.I am doing your homework.They are singing under the tree now.Are the Young Pioneers helping the old woman?

二、單項(xiàng)選擇

ACCCB BCDBD ADABB CAB

三、用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成下列句子:

1、are doing

2、am singing

3、is mending

4、is mending

5、Are flying I am

6、Is sitting

7、Are asking

8、are playing 答案：1.had 2.Did practice didn't 3.did do watched read 4.went

5.didn't visit stayed did 6.did write wrote 7.studied practiced 8.Did do did 9.was wasn't

10.Was wasn't

答案：一.1.does, do 2.gets 3.Do, brush 4.does, do 5.studies goes 7.watches 8.Does, read 9.do, have 10.play 二.1---5 A C B D C

6---10 C D C B B 答案：1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.C A 9.D 10.C

6.8.答案：1.comes 2.Does know 3.is 4.doesn't look 5.do have 6.wants 7.Does do 8.play 9.Do like 10.does do

參考答案：1.am leaving;will finish;leave

2.will;study;plan;hope;will;do;leave;will return;get 3.am;will 4.will give 5.will snow 6.Will, be;will visit 7.Shall;get 8.will be 9.won’t believe;sees 10.will win

第三篇：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)的應(yīng)用和區(qū)分（推薦）

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)的應(yīng)用和區(qū)分

答：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)主要用在以下幾個(gè)方面：

1.表示對(duì)最近的將來(lái)的確定的安排，例如：

Miss Li and I are meeting tonight.我和李老師今天晚上要見(jiàn)面。

We are going to meet tonight.今晚我們要見(jiàn)面。

2.表示沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好細(xì)節(jié)的安排或計(jì)劃。

I am visiting my frinds in New York.我準(zhǔn)備看望我那些在New York的朋友。

3.用在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性。

If I am still sleeping when he comes, wake me up, please!

如果他來(lái)的時(shí)候我還在睡覺(jué)，請(qǐng)叫醒我。

如果對(duì)這種用法和一般將來(lái)時(shí)有混淆,可以看一下下面的句子:

Miss Li and I are meeting tonight.我和李老師今天晚上要見(jiàn)面。

Miss Li and I will meet tonight.今天晚上我和李老師就要見(jiàn)面了。

這兩個(gè)句子都是說(shuō)我們兩個(gè)要見(jiàn)面，可是從翻譯上卻看不出太大的區(qū)別，是不是？所以語(yǔ)言環(huán)境是非常重要的。比如你和我一直想一起聚聚，終于我們?cè)陔娫捴屑s定今天晚上見(jiàn)面，你會(huì)怎樣告訴你的父母這件事情呢？對(duì)了Miss Li and I are meeting tonight.如果我們素不相識(shí)，只在網(wǎng)上有過(guò)聯(lián)系，你知道今天晚上我在精華學(xué)校有一節(jié)課，而你也正好要去上這節(jié)課，你又會(huì)怎樣告訴父母呢？沒(méi)錯(cuò)：Miss Li and I will meet tonight.再比如全家要去度假，你提議：We are going to Shanghai.爸爸說(shuō)：We are going to New York.最后媽媽總結(jié)：We will stay at home.該如何理解呢？沒(méi)錯(cuò)，你和爸爸都是在說(shuō)你們的計(jì)劃和安排，未必會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。媽媽用了will非常權(quán)威的表明你們肯定哪也不去了，要呆在家里。

第四篇：小學(xué)六年級(jí)英語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)

一、選擇填空

1.The man is badly hurt and he_____ on the road sadly.A.is lying

B.are lying

C.lieing

2._____Wei Hua ______ visit the Great Wall during this summer holiday?

A.Do, going to

B.Is, going to

C.Will, going to 3.---Where are you going ?

---I ___ the shops for some fruit.A.am going to

B.go to

C.shall going to go to 4.My mother says that she ______buy me a schoolbag better than this one.A.is

B.shall

C.will

5.What’s the matter, Li Lei?

I ___ for my pen.A.am look

B.am looking

C.look 6.Which oranges_____ they_____ to buy?

A.are, going

B.will, going

C.do, going 7.The students in Class One_____ carefully to their English teacher.A.is listening

B.is looking

C.are listening

8.Mr Green usually ____ newspapers after supper every day.A.read

B.reading

C.reads

D.looks 9.The students in my class_____ harder than before(比以前)this term.A.is going to study

B.will going to study

C.will study

10.Look!LiPing and Li Ying ________ basketball now.A.play

B.played

C.will play

D.are playing 11.I_____ music at 6:00 every morning.A.listen to

B.listening to

C.am listening to D.hear 12.------Can I ____TV?

------Sure.A.watching

B.watch

C.see

D.look 13.Here ________ the money.A.are

B.is

C.am

D.be 14.There _______ a table and two chairs in Jenny’s room.A.am

B.is

C.are

D.have 15.My English teacher_____ about thirty years old, but he_____ younger than he really is.A.is, look

B.am, look

C.is, looks 16.Jim ____very hard, but he _____still a little weak in Chinese.A.studies, is

B.study, is

C.doesn’t study, is 17.We all know that the sun _____round the earth.A.goes

B.don’t go

C.doesn’t go

D.go 18.Who ____the kite best of all in your class, Jim.Lucy or Lily?

A.flies

B.fly

C.are flying

19._____Lucy and Lily _____to speak Chinese with Miss Gao?

A.Is, try

B.I s trying

C.Are, trying 20.What ____you ____with your classmates this Sunday afternoon?

A.are, do

B.do, do

C.will do 21._____she_____ home at six o’clock every mornig?

A.Do, comes

B.Does.come

C.Do, come

D.Is, come 22.There _____twelve months in a year and January _____first.A.is, comes

B.are, come

C.are, comes

D.have, comes 23.There ____an English party in our class this evening.A.will have

B.are going to have

C.is going to be 24.Listen!The children ________ in the open air.A.singing

B.is singing

C.are singing

D.sing 25.------What ______ that in the box?

------A shirt.A.am

B.is

C.are

D.be 26._____the Great Wall one of the places of great interests in China? A.Was

B.Do

C.Is 27.My father ____TV with my mother now.A.watch

B.watching

C.is watching

D.watches 28.The students _____back in two hours.A.come

B.is coming

C.will coming D.will 29._____you usually _____to school with your classmates?

A.Do, comes

B.does, come

C.Do, come D.Are, come 30.It’s six o’clock in the evening, My family

supper at the table.A.eat

B.is eating

C.are eating

D.eating 31.My mother _____like watching TV, so she _____to bed very early every evening.A, doesn’t , go

B.don’t, go

C.doesn’t , goes

D.don’t , goes 32.When____ they____ leave for Beijing?

A.will, going

.B.will, /

C.do, going to

D.are, going 33.Let’s go into the classroom.The bell _____

.A.ringing

B.is ringing

C.is ring

D.ring 34.Look!The dog _____ itself outside the door.A.is washing

B.wash

C.washes 35.Can I______ this book?

A.have

B.has

C.having 36.She_____ like summer.A.doesn't

B.don't

C.isn't.二、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1、Tom ________(swim)in the river now.2、Daniel and Tommy_________(be)in Class One.3、She usually ________(do)her homework in the evening.4、It’s eight o’clock now.The boys ________(watch)TV.5、What does your father ______(do)? He’s a worker.6、Tom and Tony can’t ________(swim).7.Look!Jim and Tom ________(run)there.8.He often ____________(have)dinner at home.9.We _____________(not watch)TV on Mondays.10.Nick ___________(go)to the zoo this Sunday.11.________they(like)the World Cup?

12.What______ they often ________(do)on Saturdays?

13._________your parents________(read)newspapers every day?

14.The girl __________(teach)us English on Sundays.15.She __________(not do)homework every day.16.There _____________(be)an English test next Monday.17.Mike _____________(cook)in the kitchen now.18.She___________(visit)the Great Wall this summer holiday.19.Liu Tao __________(do)not like PE.20.Don’t talk.The baby ______________(sleep).三、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子

Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)________________________________________________.I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)______________________________?

__________________.Amy likes playing computer games.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_____________________________________? We walk to school every morning.(改為同義句))__________________________________.She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)_____________________________________? ________________.四、完成句子

我哥哥準(zhǔn)備明年學(xué)英語(yǔ)。My brother__________________________ next year.今天下午我打算去看足球賽。I________________the football match this afternoon.他總是幫助別人。He_______________others.這些日子他們一直在種樹(shù)。They_______________ trees these days.5.看！天要快要下雨啦。Look!It________________ rain soon.海倫每周日去上鋼琴課。Helen _______________________every Sunday.7.我6點(diǎn)鐘要到火車(chē)站接湯姆I___________________Tom at the station at six.8..你在給你父親寫(xiě)信嗎？_____ you_____________ your father at the moment? 9.聽(tīng)！她在隔壁唱歌呢。Listen!She _______________ in the next room.10.她學(xué)習(xí)很努力。此刻她在復(fù)習(xí)考試。

She _________ very hard.At this moment she ________________ a test.五、改錯(cuò)。劃出錯(cuò)誤點(diǎn)，并在括號(hào)內(nèi)改正。（）1.Is your brother speak English?（）2.Does he likes going fishing?（）3.He likes play games after class.（）4.Mr.Wu teachs us English.（）5.She don’t do her homework on Sundays.

第五篇：翻譯新概念讀后感

翻譯新概念讀后感讀了翻譯新概念后，我又對(duì)翻譯有了進(jìn)一步的了解。

翻譯同一個(gè)民族的文明程度密切相關(guān)。中國(guó)翻譯事業(yè)任重而道遠(yuǎn)。介紹外國(guó)同對(duì)外介紹中國(guó)同樣急迫。

翻譯是人類(lèi)語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)的重要組成部分，也是使不同語(yǔ)言的部落、民族、國(guó)家之間互相交流、互相溝通、互相學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒不可缺的手段。因此，如果說(shuō)先進(jìn)的思想和科學(xué)技術(shù)能夠飛越國(guó)界，那么翻譯則是這種飛躍的翅膀。

翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)滿足以下三個(gè)基本要求：（1）正確解讀原文的信息，并精確地把原文的真實(shí)信息轉(zhuǎn)換成譯入語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)；（2）譯文應(yīng)保持通暢、易懂、使讀者產(chǎn)生閱讀美感；（3）譯文的語(yǔ)言水平應(yīng)當(dāng)不低于原文的語(yǔ)言水平，包括語(yǔ)言的風(fēng)格。

在翻譯實(shí)踐中，有全譯、節(jié)譯、編譯之分。相比之下，編譯的自由度大，可以允許對(duì)原文中無(wú)關(guān)緊要的細(xì)節(jié)描述或內(nèi)容重復(fù)的敘述進(jìn)行刪節(jié)，也可以對(duì)原文中的語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤或表達(dá)不當(dāng)?shù)牡胤竭M(jìn)行修正，以免以訛傳訛，但必須始終沿著原文的信息主線進(jìn)行編譯，不能“亂編”。

翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不管如何表達(dá)，都應(yīng)該響亮的提醒譯者：翻譯是一種“雙重服務(wù)”的行業(yè)。一是服務(wù)于原文作者，譯者應(yīng)盡自己的智慧與技能把原文作者的思想成果介紹給譯入語(yǔ)的作者；二是服務(wù)于譯入語(yǔ)的作者，幫助讀者理解并欣賞原文。譯者所面臨的這兩個(gè)“上帝”誰(shuí)都不能冒犯，不然翻譯自然就失去了存在的合理性。

翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是理性的，翻譯實(shí)踐是感性的。所以，不同的譯者在翻譯同一篇文章時(shí)往往會(huì)有不同的翻譯角度，譯文不可能相同。同時(shí)，要完全達(dá)到翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是一件非常困難的事情。對(duì)于大多數(shù)譯文來(lái)說(shuō)，只能說(shuō)是最大化地接近翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。但是用客觀的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)衡量是完全可以判斷出優(yōu)劣、長(zhǎng)短、得失、是非的。其尺度主要是：（1）對(duì)原文的理解與譯文轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)準(zhǔn)確與否；（2）譯文的選詞恰當(dāng)與否；（3）表達(dá)得明白、流暢與否；（4）譯文語(yǔ)言文的風(fēng)格相符與否。

總之，翻譯的過(guò)程是一個(gè)理解到表達(dá)的過(guò)程，換句話說(shuō)也就是在原文作者與譯文讀者之間構(gòu)成理解之橋的過(guò)程。顯而易見(jiàn)，譯者對(duì)原文的理解是整個(gè)問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵，如果沒(méi)有譯者對(duì)原文的真正理解，這個(gè)溝通原文作者和譯文讀者的橋很可能成為陷阱。只有深刻而全面地理解了原作的精神和作者意圖，才可能發(fā)幽探微，窮其毫末，然后譯出其意、其神、其情、其聲。正如豐子愷先生所說(shuō)：“要是翻譯充分發(fā)揮效能，有一個(gè)必要條件，但是必須翻譯的又正確，又流暢，使讀者讀了全然理解，又全不費(fèi)力。要達(dá)到這個(gè)問(wèn)題的目的，我認(rèn)為有一種辦法：翻譯者必須深深地理解原作，把原作吸到肚子里，然后用本國(guó)的語(yǔ)言來(lái)傳達(dá)給本國(guó)人。用一個(gè)譬喻來(lái)說(shuō)，好比把原文嚼碎了，吞下去、消化了，然后再吐出來(lái)。”