第一篇：高考復(fù)習(xí)專題之狀語(yǔ)從句學(xué)案[本站推薦]

高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法導(dǎo)學(xué)案之狀語(yǔ)從句

一． 概念及分類：

句子可以分為簡(jiǎn)單句，并列句和復(fù)合句；復(fù)合句中從句可分為定語(yǔ)從句，名詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句。用來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、其它動(dòng)詞、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或整個(gè)句子的從句叫做狀語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句可分為：1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；2.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句；3.原因狀語(yǔ)從句； 4.條件狀語(yǔ)從句；5.目的狀語(yǔ)從句；6.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句； 7.比較狀語(yǔ)從句； 8.方式狀語(yǔ)從句；9.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。

二． 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

（一）when, while和as 1,when, 觀察下面例句，總結(jié)其用法：

When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.When the film ended, the people went back.總結(jié)：從句表示的動(dòng)作_________________________________,主句和從句的先后關(guān)系 _______________________________________________________________________。在下列句子中，when 的含義是：_____________ We were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to rain She was on the point of going to shop when the telephone rang..Hardly had I arrived when the train left.He had just finished his home work when someone asked him to play basketball.總結(jié)：_________________________________: _____________________________ ____________________________________;_______________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 觀察下列句子中when 的含義：

It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one? when 表示條件，意思接近“在…...情況下” whenever: I go to the theater whenever I get the chance.(每當(dāng)，每次)

sooner…than…,hardly(scarcely,barely)…when…

這些從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的從句的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句的動(dòng)作隨即發(fā)生，常譯為_(kāi)____________________.The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.注意：在no sooner…than …;hardly/scarcely/barely…when 結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用_____________，從句使用__________________時(shí)態(tài)。此外，當(dāng)把no sooner或hardly等提到句首時(shí)，應(yīng)用_______________語(yǔ)序。

I had hardly got home when it began to rain.=Hardly ________________________________________________________.I had no sooner come home than it began to rain.=No sooner ____________________________________________________.英譯漢：

They phoned immediately they reached home.The year my brother joined the army I graduated from the high school.I had waited for 3 hours by the time the train arrived.(注意主句時(shí)態(tài)：)

Every time I see her, she is always busy.I want to see her the moment she arrives.表示時(shí)間的名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)也可以引起時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，如：_______________________________________.㈢ till until 和not … until He remained there until she arrived.You may stay here until the rain stops.He won’t go to bed until she returns.Until you told me I have no idea of it.It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.觀察以上各句，找出用法?？隙ň洌褐骶渲^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是_________________,意為某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止。否定句：主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是_________________,意為某動(dòng)作

It is three years since I smoked a cigar.It was years since I had seen her.把以上句子翻譯成漢語(yǔ)。

在“It is + 一段時(shí)間+ since 從句”句型中，時(shí)間的計(jì)算一律從從句的動(dòng)作完成或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起。

3.after 在……之后

I will tell them after you leave(you have left).I told them after you left/ had left.三 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和原因狀語(yǔ)從句 1地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)

引導(dǎo)詞為_(kāi)____________和_____________.請(qǐng)?zhí)顚?xiě)： You are free to go ___________ you like.Go back ________ you come from.Make a mark ___________ you have any questions.翻譯下列句子：

Where there is a will, there is a way._____________________________________ Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.______________________________________ 以上兩句where從句表示抽象含義，從句必須放在主句之前。注意區(qū)分where 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句 題組訓(xùn)練,判斷下列各句中包括什么從句：

Go back to the place where you come from.（）This is the shop where I bought my bike.（）Go back where you come from..（）Make a mark where you have any questions.（）2.原因狀語(yǔ)從句

引導(dǎo)詞：because, as, since, now that, 每個(gè)連詞的含義不盡相同，觀察例句總結(jié)用法：------Why were you absent from the meeting?------Because I was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.Now that/Since everybody is here, let’s begin our class.________________________________________________________________

五.條件狀語(yǔ)和方式狀語(yǔ)從句 ㈠條件狀語(yǔ)從句

從屬連詞_______________________________________________________引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)。You will fail the exam unless you study hard.You will fail the exam _______ you __________ study hard.________________ you don’t lose heart, you will succeed.當(dāng)if從句的條件不是真實(shí)的或難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件時(shí)，要用__________________.If I __________(know)his address, I ___________(tell)you.If you _______________(come)here yesterday, you _______________(see)her.If it ___________________________(rain)tomorrow, I __________(stay)at home.條件狀語(yǔ)從句中也可以省略 Come tomorrow if(it is)possible.He has no money.If(there is)any, he will give you some.We all know that, if(it is)not carefully dealt with, the situation will get worse.在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題： You will find a way if you use your head.Don’t leave the room unless the teacher tells you to.㈡ 方式狀語(yǔ)從句

引導(dǎo)詞有_____________________________________________ Do as you are told to, or you will be fired.The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.I feel as if I have a fever.as if 或 as through 引導(dǎo)的從句有時(shí)需要用________語(yǔ)氣。從句中也可以采用省略形式：

She stood at the gate, as if(she was)waiting for someone.在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，讓步，條件及方式狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)和從句的主語(yǔ)一致，并且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中有be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候，從句中的主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞一塊兒省略。

六.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句和比較狀語(yǔ)從句 ㈠讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

river bank, she was singing a song.2.He won’t go there unless--------[ invent].3.He stood up as if---------[say] something.4.When the meeting was over ,we all went home.八。狀語(yǔ)從句與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換

1.When she saw the jewels ,she jumped with joy.2.As he was ill ,he went home.3.As he didn’t know what to do ,he asked me for help.4.The park looks beautiful when it is seen from the hill.參考答案：

二．1.可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；主句和從句發(fā)生的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以主句所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句之后。這時(shí)，當(dāng)時(shí)，那時(shí)候；was/were doing…when…;be about to do…when;be on the point of doing…when;had just done…when.2.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，進(jìn)行時(shí)；對(duì)比，然而；弱。盡管；盡管；只要；趁著；讓步狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句。

3.隨著；一邊，一邊；When/While/As;When;As;when;when;while “一……就”；過(guò)去完成時(shí)；一般過(guò)去時(shí)；倒裝；had I got home when it began to rain;had I come home than it began to rain;他們一到家就拿起了電話打電話；我哥哥參軍的那一年，我高中畢業(yè)；每次我看到她，她總是很忙；她一到我就想見(jiàn)到她；the day, the year, the month, the moment;the minute;every time;the first time;each time;延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；until, till;主句要倒裝；Not until, did I leave;It was , that, leave;三思而后行；所有事情先難后易；以后…才；還沒(méi)…就；趁著還沒(méi)有；還沒(méi)來(lái)得及…就；時(shí)間段；一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；時(shí)間段，過(guò)去時(shí)；非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，相反或否定的意義；It is +some time + since + did/It was +some time + since+ had done;戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)已經(jīng)有三年了；他戒煙三年了；自從上次見(jiàn)到她有三年了；一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或者一般過(guò)去時(shí)/過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

三．where, wherever;wherever;where;where;有志者事竟成；無(wú)火不起煙；定語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句；地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句；直接的原因，why;顯然的，已知的，“由于”，“既然”，前；

四．so that, in order that, in case, for fear that;so that;in order that;that;in case/for fear that;so that, so/such…that, in case, lest;such+a/an+ 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that； so +adj.+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；such + adj.+不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that;so + adj./adv.+ that;so +many/much/little(少)/few+that;was he;such, so;so;such,so;such…as 后跟定語(yǔ)從句，such…that后為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。

話題10

節(jié)假日活動(dòng)

一 可能用到的詞語(yǔ)

1.中秋節(jié) ——————

2.傳統(tǒng)的-------

3.春節(jié)

-------

4.團(tuán)聚---------

5.賞月--------

6.象征---------

7.收獲----------

8.團(tuán)圓----------

二

可能用到的句子

1.每年的8月15 日是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中秋節(jié)。

2.它是家庭團(tuán)聚的時(shí)間。

3.在這一天，人們通常與家人聚在一起，共享豐富的晚餐。

4.那天的月亮總是很圓，這也使得人們想起他們的親友。

5.中秋節(jié)象征著收獲和家庭團(tuán)圓。

6.中秋節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)食品是月餅，它象征著團(tuán)圓。

7.月餅過(guò)去通常是圓的，但現(xiàn)在有各種不同的口味和形狀。

寫(xiě)作任務(wù)

作為中國(guó)最重要的節(jié)日之一，每年的中秋都會(huì)放假一天，以方便人們跟家人團(tuán)圓，共度佳節(jié)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列內(nèi)容提示，寫(xiě)一篇短文介紹一下中秋節(jié)。

時(shí)間

農(nóng)歷八月十五日

節(jié)日類型

重要性僅次于春節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日

主要活動(dòng)

與家人團(tuán)聚，賞月

節(jié)日食物

月餅

節(jié)日意義

象征收獲和團(tuán)圓

要求

詞數(shù) 120—150

參考詞匯

symbolize 象征

范文

The mid-Autumn Festival，which falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month，is a traditional Chinese holiday.The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the two most important traditional festivals in Chinese calendar and it is an official holiday.It is a time for families to get together.On this day , people usually get together with their families and have a nice meal.After that , people usually eat delicious moon cakes and enjoy the full moon together.The moon is always very round on that day , which makes people think of their relatives and friends.1

第二篇：狀語(yǔ)從句 高三 復(fù)習(xí)

狀語(yǔ)從句

考點(diǎn)一：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

A.when, while, as

1.___________i was walking down the street, i noticed a police car in front of the store.2._______________john arrived, i was cooking lunch.3._________he grew older, he lost his interest in everything except gardening.4.We will stand up__________the teacher comes in.5.I was wandering through the street ___________i caught sight of a tailor's shop.Conclusion:

1.when +持續(xù)/短暫動(dòng)作，可與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或先于主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生

2.While+持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，側(cè)重主從句動(dòng)詞的對(duì)比

3.As表主從句動(dòng)作交替或同時(shí)完成，意為：一邊。。一邊。。；隨著

B.When

when的重要句型：

a.He was about to go to bed _______the doorbell rang.b.They were watching the World Cup ________ suddenly the lights went out.c.They had just arrived home _______ it began torain.d.He had worked in a factory _______ a letter arrived saying he was admitted to a key university.e.on the point of doing ?when

when 的其他含義：考慮到，既然；雖然，然而，可是

Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already?

_____________________________________________________________________________ He walks when he might take a taxi._________________________________________________ How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?_____________________________

C.while

Strike while the iron is hot._______________

She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper.While 的其他含義： 而；雖然 ’t agree with you.______________________

D.before和since

It was+時(shí)間段+before +一般過(guò)去時(shí)

It will be+時(shí)間段+before +一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

It will not be long before you regret what you have done._______________________________ It was some time before he realized the truth.______________________________________ 五年以后我們才能再見(jiàn)。__________________________________

The war last three years _________ it finally ended.Three years passed __________ I finally realized my mistake.注意：before 從句往往帶有否定的含義，常譯為：還沒(méi)等到?.就?.；還沒(méi)來(lái)得及?就??趁著還沒(méi)??就??。作此意時(shí)，從句中常見(jiàn)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/ could。試譯：

1.He ran off before I could stop him._________________________________________________

2.The man hung up the phone before I could answer it.___________________________________

3.He almost knocked me down before he saw me.______________________________________

4.Before I could get in a word, he measured me.________________________________________

5.I’ll water the flowers before it gets dark.____________________________________________

6.Be a pupil before you become a teacher._____________________________________________ since表“自從??”。其主句多為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句多為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。since的句型：It is/has been +時(shí)間段+ since從句。若從句謂語(yǔ)為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表“自從??有多久”；若從句謂語(yǔ)為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則表“自從結(jié)束/完成??起有多久”。

It is three years since the war broke out.___________________________________________

I have written home four times since I came here.___________________________________

It is three years since she was in our class._________________________________________

比較：

1.It is three years________ the war broke out.2.It was three years ago_____ the war broke out.3.It was 1919_____ the was broke out.4.It was three years ______ the war came to an end.5.It is three years ________i smoked a cigar.E.until/not until

1.till不可置于句首_____you told me, i had no idea of it.2.肯定句：主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的肯定式，意為某動(dòng)作一致延續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止。

否定句：主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，意為某動(dòng)作直到某時(shí)間才開(kāi)始。

翻譯：

你可以在這里待到雨停。__________________________________________________________ 直到他告訴我我才知道了事實(shí)真相。________________________________________________

3.not...until 的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝

I didn't leave until she came back.強(qiáng)調(diào)句_________________________________________________________________________ 倒裝句_________________________________________________________________________ F.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment,the minute,the instant,no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...(一??就??)，once(一旦），every time, next time, any time

我一聽(tīng)到說(shuō)話聲，就知道父親來(lái)了。（The moment）_________________________________

我們剛到車站，火車就離站了。(no sooner...than)__________________________________那男孩一見(jiàn)到他媽媽便放聲大哭.(immediately)_______________________________________ 考點(diǎn)二：地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

where引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句：

1.When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful ___ you made a mistake.2.Bamboo grows best _________ it's wet and rainy.3.Bamboo grows best in places _________it's wet and rainy.4..Can you tell me the office_________he works?

5.________ I live, there are plenty of trees.6Wuhan lies ________ the Yangtze and the Han River meet.7.Sales director is a position _______communication ability is just as important as sales skills.8.________ there is a will, there is a way.9.I found my books ____________I had left them.10.Keep it __________you can see it.11.He lives __________the climate is mild.Where

where, wherever,anywhere和everywhere

Wherever you go, you should do your work well.You may sit down wherever you like.Everywhere I go, I find the same thing.I’ll take you anywhere you like.考點(diǎn)三：原因狀語(yǔ)從句

because,since, now that, as , in that,considering that,seeing that , given(that)，in view of the fact that

A.as／because／since 的區(qū)別

Because主句前后直接因果關(guān)系語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)能回答why能被強(qiáng)調(diào) As主句前后雙方都知道的原因語(yǔ)氣弱不能回答why不能 Since/now that主句前雙方都知道的原因語(yǔ)氣弱不能回答why不能 _________________everybody is here, let's begin our meeting.It was ________he was ill that he didn't show up today.Why do you go to there? _________ I want to get my book

B.鑒于（事實(shí)），考慮到?

Seeing that quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quitegood job.Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her.考點(diǎn)五：結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)

so...that , such?that

They had ______ a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house．

He spoke for _______ a long time that people began to fall asleep．

The snow fell ______ fast that our footsteps were soon covered up．

His speech went on for _____long that people began to fall asleep．

Their dog was ________fierce that no one dared come near it．

______ many people complained that they took the programme off．

There was _______ much dust that we couldn’t see what was happening．

倒裝

So excited _____________that she could not say a word.So loudly _______________（speak)that even the people in the next room could hear him.Such a lovely girl ____________ that we all live him.考點(diǎn)六：條件狀語(yǔ)從句

if, unless, so/ as long as, on condition that, provided/providing that,in case（萬(wàn)一）, suppose, /supposing

1.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______________accompanied by an adult.(2010山東高考)

2.—Our holiday cost a lot of money.—Did it? Well, that doesn't matter _____________ you enjoyed yourselves.(2010江西高考)

3.You can go swimming ___________________ you don't go too far from the river bank.4.____________________ an earthquake happens, what should we do?

考點(diǎn)七： 方式狀語(yǔ)從句as, as if, as though

1.The house was greatly damaged by the truck.We'd better leave things _____ they are until the

police arrive.2.He acted_________nothing had happened.3.I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, ________do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.(2009天津高考)

4.The teacher treats the pupil as if __________________(他是她的孩子）

比較：She looks as if she is ill._________________________________________

5.Do in Rome as the Romans do.6.Leave things as they are.考點(diǎn)八：讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

although, though,(as), while ,whether...or..., however, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, whenever, wherever, whether（是否）, no matter(who, what, etc), even if, even though

1.________________the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.(2009湖南高考)

2.__________________serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.(2010上海高考)

3.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _____________they have the interest.(2010安徽高考)

4.All the nations should be equal, _____________they are strong ________ not.5.Do it____________________others say.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常見(jiàn)的幾種倒裝方式：

不及物動(dòng)詞＋副詞Hard as you may try, you will not succeed.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋不及物動(dòng)詞Wait as you may, he will not see you.系動(dòng)詞＋單數(shù)名詞Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong.考點(diǎn)九：目的狀語(yǔ)

so that, in order that,in case that, for fear of /that

1.We got up early ___________we would arrive in time.2.Betty saved money_____________ buy a portable computer.3.I didn't tell him about our meeting __________ upsetting her.考點(diǎn)十：時(shí)態(tài)

You’ll be back soon．I’ll stay till then．=I’ll stay till you _________back．

The parachutist is going to jump．Soon after he jumps his parachute _______（open）．When he ______________(arrive), he’ll tell us all about the match．

Before he ________(arrive)I’ll give the children their tea．

While they__________(play)tennis this afternoon,we’ll go to the beach．

The moment／As soon as I have finished I’ll give you a call．

We knew that he _________________(arrive)t about six．

We knew that till he __________(arrive)nothing would be done．

They_________(move)house twice since they got married．

It’s ages since I sailed a boat．________________________

The performance_______________(begin)when the lights went out．演出剛開(kāi)始就停電了。倒裝：_______________________________________________________________

他錢(qián)一掙到手，就花光了(immediately)________________________________

The sooner we______________(start)，the sooner we________(be)there．

我們動(dòng)身得越早，到那兒就越早。

第三篇：狀語(yǔ)從句

Clauses of Condition, Concession and Contrast(條件、讓步和對(duì)比從句)條件從句

由 if, unless, as(so)long as, provided / providing(that), suppose / supposing(that), in case等引導(dǎo)，如：

If he comes I'll tell you.You would have succeeded if you had tried harder.You will fail unless you work hard.(=You will fail if you don't work hard.)

Supposing / Suppose it rains, shall we have the match as scheduled?

In case you need anything else, please let me know.讓步從句

由 although, though, even though, even if, whether...or, while, as, wh-words + ever(= no matter + wh-words)等從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，如：

He is quite modest though he is the best student in the class.The needle has the same mass whether it is hot or cold.Whichever(No matter which)plan you adopt, you will meet with difficulties.使用上述讓步從句的某些從屬連詞時(shí)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

a.although(though)不可與連詞 but 連用；

b.as 引導(dǎo)的從句意義和 though 相似，但表示的語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，并須將強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞放在句首（但不用 although），如：

Simple as(though)the question may seem, it is not at all common in nature.c.however / no matter how 引導(dǎo)的從句中，however / no matter how 后須緊跟形容詞或副詞，如：

However / No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't remember all the questions.對(duì)比從句

表示兩個(gè)人或兩件事之間的對(duì)比，常用 while 或 whereas 引導(dǎo)，如：

He is idle, while his brother is diligent.Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it.Clauses of Cause, Result and Purpose(原因、結(jié)果和目的從句)原因從句

主要由下列從屬連詞引導(dǎo)：

1． Because, as, since。其中 because 語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，表示直接、主要原因，通常引導(dǎo)的從句放在句尾，特別是回答 why 提出的問(wèn)題只能用 because;as 和 since 表示明顯的、已知的原因，since 比 as 正式，如：

They had to move because their building was to be pulled down.As Mary was the eldest, she looked after the others.Since they live near the sea, they often go sailing.2． now that, seeing(that), considering(that), in that。這些連詞與 as, since 意思相近，通常用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，并且它們兼有其它意義。now that 有“時(shí)間”含義，表示”既然”，說(shuō)明一種新

情況；seeing(that)和 considering(that)有“條件”含義；in that 有”某一方面”含義，如：

Now that you are well again you can travel.Seeing(that)they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.I was lucky in that I was able to find a good baby-sitter（保姆）.結(jié)果從句

常用 so that, so...that, such...that, that 等連詞引導(dǎo)，如：

I was caught in a shower, so that all my clothes got wet.I was so tired that I could hardly keep my eyes open.He was such a good runner that I couldn't catch him.目的從句

常用 so that, in order(that), lest, for fear that 等連詞引導(dǎo)，如：

I took a taxi so that I could be in time for the meeting.Come closer in order that you may see the blackboard better.so that 既可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果從句也可引導(dǎo)目的從句，但結(jié)果從句表示事實(shí)，通常不含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；目的從句表示希望或想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)，通常含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如：

He got up early so that he caught the train.（結(jié)果）

He got up early so that he could(might)catch the train.（目的）

Lest 和 for fear(that)含有否定意義，并且從句中動(dòng)詞須用 “動(dòng)詞原形”或 ”should + V.” 的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，如：

He ran away lest he(should)be caught.(= He ran away in order that he would not be caught.)

I checked all the results time and again for fear that there should be any mistakes.(= I checked all the results time and again so that there wouldn't be any mistakes.)

Clauses of Manner and Comparison(方式和比較從句)方式從句

主要由 just as, as, as if, as though 等連詞引導(dǎo)，如：

He doesn't speak the way as other people do.Our bodies are made up of millions of very small cells, just as a building is made of many stones or bricks.He speaks French as if(as though)he were a Frenchman.由 as if 或 as though 引導(dǎo)的從句通常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但如果主句謂語(yǔ)是感官動(dòng)詞，并且所述情況實(shí)現(xiàn)可能性大，也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣，如：

It looks as if the coming autumn harvest will be even better than the last one.比較從句

主要由 as...as, not so(as)...as, than 等連詞引導(dǎo)，如：

This table is as wide as that one.Mary can not run so(as)fast as Tom.Silver conducts electricity better than other metals.Clauses of Proportion and Other Types(比例從句和其它從句)比例從句

由關(guān)聯(lián)詞 the...the...連接形容詞或副詞比較級(jí)構(gòu)成，如：

The more she thought about it, the more she liked it.其它從句

如 as...so 和 what...that 引導(dǎo)的類比從句；so(as)far as 引導(dǎo)的范圍從句；except that 引導(dǎo)的例外從句；rather / sooner than 和 would / had rather than 引導(dǎo)的擇比從句等，如：

As the desert is like a sea, so is the camel like a ship.（沙漠似海，駱駝似舟。）

What blood vessel is to a man's body, that railway is to transportation.（鐵路對(duì)于運(yùn)輸，好比血管對(duì)于人的身體。）

As(So)far as I know, he is an honest man.（據(jù)我所知，他是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。）

I would do it with pleasure, except that I am too busy.（要不是我太忙了，我會(huì)很高興去做的。）

Rather than get money in such a dishonest way, he would beg in the streets.（他寧可沿街乞討，也不愿意用欺騙手段騙取錢(qián)。）

He would rather have the small one than the large one.（他寧可要那個(gè)小的，而不愿要那個(gè)大的。）

第四篇：狀語(yǔ)從句講解+練習(xí)(導(dǎo)學(xué)案)

狀語(yǔ)從句

學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：

1.通過(guò)復(fù)習(xí)、記憶，記住狀語(yǔ)從句的考點(diǎn)

2.通過(guò)練習(xí)、講解，會(huì)用狀語(yǔ)從句的知識(shí)解決問(wèn)題。

由從句擔(dān)任的狀語(yǔ)，在句子中可修飾謂語(yǔ)（或其它動(dòng)詞）、形容詞、副詞或是整個(gè)句子，它可以用來(lái)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等。狀語(yǔ)從句是一較大的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目，也是近幾年高考題中常見(jiàn)的一個(gè)重要試點(diǎn)。高考中已考查了時(shí)間、讓步、地點(diǎn)、條件、目的等狀語(yǔ)從句，這些從句仍是今后高考熱點(diǎn)，應(yīng)作充分準(zhǔn)備。同時(shí)對(duì)方式狀語(yǔ)從句也應(yīng)引起重視。

（一）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

表示時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till(until), since, once, as soon as(或the moment), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly(scarcely)… when, every time等引導(dǎo)。

e.g.When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.He started as soon as he received the news.Once you see him, you will never forget him.No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.（二）原因狀語(yǔ)從句

原因狀語(yǔ)從句是表示原因或理由的，引導(dǎo)這類從句的最常用的連詞是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果關(guān)系時(shí)（它引導(dǎo)的不是從句）為并列連詞，語(yǔ)氣不如because強(qiáng)。

e.g.He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.As it is raining, I will not go out.Now that you mention it, I do remember.（三）地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞是where 和wherever等。e.g.Sit wherever you like.Make a mark where you have a question.（四）目的狀語(yǔ)從句

引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句最常用的詞（組）是so, so that（從句謂語(yǔ)常有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。

e.g.Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.He left early in case he should miss the train.（五）結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句是表示事態(tài)結(jié)果的從句，通常主句是原因，從句是結(jié)果。由so that（從句謂語(yǔ)一般沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）, so … that, such … that等引導(dǎo)。

e.g.She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.He was so excited that he could not say a word.She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.（六）條件狀語(yǔ)從句

條件狀語(yǔ)從句分真實(shí)性（有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情）與非真實(shí)性（條件與事實(shí)相反或者在說(shuō)話

者看來(lái)不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情）條件句。引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的詞（組）主要有if, unless, so(as)long as, on condition that, so(as)far as, if only(= if)。注意：條件從句中的if 不能用whether替換。

e.g.If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.So far as I know（據(jù)我所知）, he will be away for three months.You can go swimming on condition that(= if)you don’t go too far away from the river bank.If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.（七）讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

讓步狀語(yǔ)從句可由although, though, as, even if(though), however, whatever, whether … or, no matter who(when, what, …)等引導(dǎo)。注意：as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句一般是倒裝的。

e.g.Though he is a child, he knows a lot.Child as he is, he knows a lot.Whatever(= No matter what)you say, I’ll never change my mind.（八）方式狀語(yǔ)從句

方式狀語(yǔ)從句常由as, as if(though), the way, rather than等引導(dǎo)。e.g.You must do the exercise as I show you.He acted as if nothing had happened.（九）比較狀語(yǔ)從句

比較狀語(yǔ)從句常用than, so(as)… as, the more … the more等引導(dǎo)。e.g.I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.The busier he is, the happier he feels.（十）使用狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題

1、在時(shí)間和條件（有時(shí)也在方式、讓步等）從句中，主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。

e.g.We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.2、有些時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式或讓步從句，如果從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致（或雖不一致，是it），從句的謂語(yǔ)又包含動(dòng)詞be，就可省略從句中的“主語(yǔ) + be”部分。e.g.When(he was)still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.If(you are)asked you may come in.If(it is)necessary I’ll explain to you again.3、注意區(qū)分不同從句：引導(dǎo)的是什么從句，不僅要根據(jù)連詞，還要根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意來(lái)判別。以where為例，能引導(dǎo)多種從句。

e.g.You are to find it where you left it.（地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句）

Tell me the address where he lives.（定語(yǔ)從句，句中有先行詞）

I don’t know where he came from.（賓語(yǔ)從句）

Where he has gone is not known yet.（主語(yǔ)從句）

This place is where they once hid.（表語(yǔ)從句）

練習(xí)、狀語(yǔ)從句

一、用橫線劃出下列句子中的狀語(yǔ)從句，并指出是哪種狀語(yǔ)從句： 1.Child as she is, she knows a lot of things.2.The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be.3.He talks as if(as though)he knew all about it.4.He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.6.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.7.Where there is water, there is life.8.He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.9.Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.10.Even if(though)I fail.I’ll never lose heart.11.Once you begin the work, you must continue.12.I will find her wherever she may be.13.Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.14.He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.15.We must do everything as he tells us.16.India is much bigger than Japan.17.No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.18.As(So)long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.二、用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空：

1.Dr.Bethune(白求恩)came to China __________ he was fifty.2.He began to work __________ he got there.3.Let's begin our meeting __________everyone is here.4.I like the English people, __________ I don't like their food.5.__________ you go in China, you can see smiling faces.6.He didn't come to the lecture, __________ he was very busy.7.__________we had enough time, we walked to the cinema.8.They will help you __________ you meet with difficulty.9._________ we came to the university, we have learnt quite a lot.10.I didn't join them yesterday evening __________ I had to go to an important meeting.11.We would try to get a car __________we could all travel together more easily.12.She wouldn't forget her mother's birthday __________ she seldom wrote to her family.13.We're doing everything we can to make things as easy for you ___________we can.14.The meeting became so disorderly __________ the speaker had to shout the audience down.15.He was angrier __________ ever before.16.__________ you lock all the doors, he can still manage to get in.17.The boy was so tired __________ he fell asleep on the bus.18.Hard _________ he tried, he couldn’t force the door open.三、選擇填空：

1.I’ll let you know ____ he comes back.A.before B.because C.as soon as D.although

2.She will sing a song ____ she is asked.A.if B.unless C.for D.since 3.We will work ____ we are needed.A.whenever B.because C.since D.wherever 4.Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you.A.so that B.if C.when D.although 5._____ you go, don't forget your people.A.Whenever B.However C.Wherever D.Whichever 6.It is about ten years _____ I met you last.A.since B.for C.when D.as 7.They will never succeed, _____ hard they try.A.because B.however C.when D.since 8._____ still half drunk, he made his way home.A.When B.Because C.Though D.As 9._____ she was very tired, she went on working.A.As B.Although C.Even D.In spite of 10.Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you.A.as B.when C.since D.for 11.I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.A.though B.although C.as if D.when 12._____ we got to the station, the train had left already.A.If B.Unless C.Since D.When 13._____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station.A.Before B.Unless C.As soon as D.Though 14.She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch.A.so, that B.such, that C.very, that D.so, as 15.We didn’t go home _____ we finished the work.A.since B.until C.because D.though 16.I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back.A.even if B.as though C.because D.until 17.Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field.A.they B.but they C.and they D.so they 18.Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.A.since B.so that C.for D.because 19.You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up.A.unless B.as C.if D.until 20.When you read the book, you' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.A.at which B.at where C.the place D.where 21.We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.A.and B.but C.as D.unless 22.I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.A.until B.unless C.when D.before 23._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.A.Without B.Unless C.Except D.Even

24.I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.A.since B.so that C.as if D.unless 25._____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.A.Every time B.Though C.Even D.Where 26.What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram? A.when B.that C.though D.however 27.Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.A.although B.even though C.so that D.since 28.You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.A.that B.though C.unless D.if 29.Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.A.in that B.in order that C.in case D.even though 30.More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.A.than B.when C.while D.as 31._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.A.Much B.However C.As D.Although 32.Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.A.as;wherever B.though;whenever C.in spite of;when D.that;wherever 33.The child was __ immediately after supper.A.enough tired to go to bed B.too tired to go to bed C.so tired that he went to bed D.very tired, he went to bed 34.The history of nursing __ the history of man.A.as old as B.is old than C.that is as old as D.is as old as 35._____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.A.Since B.Once C.When D.Although 36._____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.A.As B.Although C.Unless D.In spite of 37.Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _____ his father died.A.than B.as C.while D.when 38._____ David goes, he is welcome.A.Whichever B.However C.Wherever D.Whatever 39.The house stood _____ there had been a rock.A.which B.at which C.when D.where 40.Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.A.because B.so C.if D.as 41.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _____ tractors in 1988 as the year before.A.as twice many B.as many twice C.twice as many D.twice many as 42.The piano in the other shop will be _____, but _____.A.cheaper;not as better B.more cheap;not as better C.cheaper;not as good D.more cheap;not as good 43.John plays football _____, if not better than, David.A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as 44.Although he is considered a great writer，A.his works are not widely read B.but his works are not widely read C.however his works are not widely read D.still his works are not widely read 45.___ the day went on, the weather got worse.A.With B.Since C.While D.As 46.—What was the party like?

—Wonderful.It' s years _____ I enjoyed myself so much.A.after B.when C.before D.since 47.It was not _____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when;that B.until;that C.until;when D.when;then 48.If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _____ great it is.A.what B.how C.however D.whatever 49.After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.A.that B.where C.which D.when 50._____, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A.However late is he B.However he is late C.However is he late D.However late he is

51.He will come to call on you the moment he ____ his painting.A.will finish B.finished C.has finished D.had finished 52.____ difficult the task may be, we will try our best to complete it in time.A.No matter B.No wonder C.Though D.However 53.It was ____ that she couldn’t finish it by herself.A.so difficult a work B.such a difficult work C.so difficult work D.such difficult work 參考答案

語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)六：狀語(yǔ)從句

一、1.Child as she is, she knows a lot of things.讓步

2.The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be.比較 3.He talks as if(as though)he knew all about it.方式

4.He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.結(jié)果 5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.條件

6.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.時(shí)間 7.Where there is water, there is life.地點(diǎn)

8.He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.目的 9.Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.原因 10.Even if(though)I fail, I’ll never lose heart.讓步 11.Once you begin the work, you must continue.時(shí)間 12.I will find her wherever she may be.讓步

13.Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.原因 14.He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.結(jié)果 15.We must do everything as he tells us.方式 16.India is much bigger than Japan.比較

17.No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.讓步

18.As(So)long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.條件

二、1.when;2.as soon as;3.as;4.though;5.Whwerever;6.because;7.Since;8.whenever;9.Since;10.because;11.so that;12.though;13.as;14.that;15.than;16.Even if;17.that;18.as

三、1~5 CADAC 6~10 ABCBA 11~15 DDCAB 16~20 DABAD 21~25 CABBA 26~30 BCCBD 31~35 BACDD 36~40 ADCDD 41~45 CCBAD 46~50 DBCBD 51~53 CDD

第五篇：狀語(yǔ)從句1

狀語(yǔ)從句

一：什么是狀語(yǔ)從句？

用一個(gè)句子(從句)來(lái)作另一個(gè)句子(主句)的狀語(yǔ)，用作狀語(yǔ)的句子就叫作狀語(yǔ)從句。作什么樣的狀語(yǔ)就叫什么類型的狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：條件狀語(yǔ)從句就是用一個(gè)句子來(lái)作條件狀語(yǔ)。二：狀語(yǔ)從句的分類。

1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用法要點(diǎn)。

凡是從句都必須有引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的詞有 when, before, after, until, as soon as, while 等，具體用法如下：

（1）.when 意為“當(dāng)??時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或先后發(fā)生。例如：

I feel very happy when you come to see me.你（們）來(lái)看我時(shí)，我感到很高興。

When you are crossing the street, you must be careful.你（們）過(guò)街道時(shí)，一定要小心。when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，when的從句可以用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞。He was working at the table when I went in.當(dāng)我進(jìn)去的時(shí)候，他正在桌旁工作。Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping.當(dāng)我正在睡覺(jué)時(shí)，有人敲門(mén)。I will visit my good friend when I have time.當(dāng)我有空兒時(shí)，我將去看望我的好友。I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai.當(dāng)我在上海時(shí)，我為一家外國(guó)企業(yè)工作。

注：when也可以作并列連詞，表示一個(gè)動(dòng)詞正在進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，突然間發(fā)生了另外一件事。

I was fishing by the river , when someone called for help.我正在河邊釣魚(yú)，就在那時(shí)有人求救。

We were working in the chemistry lab, when the lights went out.我們正在化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作，突然燈都熄滅了。

比較while, when, as

1）as, when 引導(dǎo)短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。

Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.2）當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于主句動(dòng)作之前，只能用when 引導(dǎo)這個(gè)從句，不可用as 或 while。When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.3）從句表示“隨時(shí)間推移”連詞能用as，不用when 或while。

As the day went on, the weather got worse.日子一天天過(guò)去，天氣越變?cè)綁摹?/p>

（2）.before 意為“在??之前”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前。例如：

We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.昨天離開(kāi)學(xué)校之前，我們打掃了教室。

He had been a cook before he went to college.他上大學(xué)前曾當(dāng)過(guò)廚師。

after 意為“在??之后”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之后。例如：

After you use plastic bags, you mustn't throw them about.你（們）用過(guò)了塑料袋之后，不準(zhǔn)到處亂扔。

He called me after he had finished his work.他在工作完之后給我打了個(gè)電話。

注：若主句和從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序十分接近，那么也可以不用完成時(shí)態(tài)，例如 1

上面的第二句可改成：He called me after he finished his work.（3）.since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“自從??”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

We have made many dumplings since we began to cook.自從我們開(kāi)始做飯起，我們已經(jīng)包了許多餃子了。

We haven't seen each other since we parted.我們自從分手以后一直沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)面。

注：常用句型：It is +時(shí)間段+since從句譯為：自從??有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。

It is six years since she graduated from the university.自從她大學(xué)畢業(yè)已有六年的時(shí)間了。

（4）.until 意為“直到??時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前。當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主句常用肯定形式；當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句常用否定形式, not...until...意為“直到??才??”，這時(shí)的until可以用before 來(lái)替換。例如：

I'll stay here until you come back.我會(huì)呆在這里，直到你回來(lái)。(stay表示的動(dòng)作可以持續(xù))

He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作業(yè)才睡覺(jué)。(go to bed 表示的動(dòng)作不能持續(xù))

（5）表示“一?就?”的結(jié)構(gòu)

hardly/scarcely?when/before, no sooner?than 和as soon as都可以表示“一?就?”的意思，表示從句的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句的動(dòng)作馬上就發(fā)生。例：

①、I'll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.他一回來(lái)我就告訴他這件事。

②、I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.③、I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.④、As soon as I got home, it began to rain.注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：

Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.（6）.while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，常譯為“與??同時(shí)，在??期間”，while的從句中常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的詞。

They rushed in while we were discussing problems.當(dāng)我們正在討論問(wèn)題時(shí)，他們沖了進(jìn)來(lái)。

Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games.當(dāng)我正在打電子游戲時(shí)，爸爸正在清洗汽車。

注：while也可以作并列連詞，表轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于but，譯為“然而”。eg.I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports.我喜歡聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，而我的兄弟愛(ài)好運(yùn)動(dòng)。

（7）.till和until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“直到??為止”，not ? till / until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“直到??才”。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作的結(jié)束，用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作的開(kāi)始，用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞。

比較until和till

此兩個(gè)連詞意義相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某時(shí)”，動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的。否定形式表達(dá)的意思是“直至某時(shí)才做某事”。動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性或非延續(xù)性都可以。正確使用這兩個(gè)連詞的關(guān)鍵之一就在于判斷句中的動(dòng)詞該用肯定式還是否定式。

肯定句：

I slept until midnight.我一直睡到半夜時(shí)醒了。

Wait till I call you.等著我叫你。

（在肯定句中可用before代替 Let's get in the wheat before the sun sets.）

否定句：

She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock.她直到6點(diǎn)才到。

Don't get off the bus until it has stopped.公共汽車停穩(wěn)后再下車。

I didn't manage to do it until you had explained how.直到你教我后，我才會(huì)做。

1)Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。

Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.直到你告訴我以前，出了什么事我一點(diǎn)也不知道。

2)Until when 疑問(wèn)句中，until要放在句首。

---Until when are you staying? 你呆到什么時(shí)候？

---Until next Monday.呆到下周一。

注意：否定句可用另外兩種句式表示。

(1）Not until ?在句首，主句用倒裝。

Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.直到19 世紀(jì)初，人類才知道熱能是什么。

Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我開(kāi)始工作，我才認(rèn)識(shí)到了我已蹉跎了幾多歲月。

(2)It is not until? that?

I will wait for my friend until / till he comes.我要一直等到我朋友來(lái)。

We won't start our discussion until / till he comes.我們要等到他來(lái)了，再開(kāi)始我們的討論。

2、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句用法要點(diǎn)。

常用where（哪里）和wherever（無(wú)論哪里）引導(dǎo)。

Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。

We will go wherever the motherland need us most.我們要到祖國(guó)最需要的地方去。Where I live there are plenty of trees.我住的地方樹(shù)很多。

Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.不管我在哪里我都會(huì)想到你。方式狀語(yǔ)從句

方式狀語(yǔ)從句通常由as,(just)as?so?, as if, as though引導(dǎo)。

1）as,(just)as?so?引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as?so?結(jié)構(gòu)中位于句首，這時(shí)as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是“正如?”，“就像”，多用于正式文體，例如：Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎樣待你，你就要怎樣待人。

As water is to fish, so air is to man.我們離不開(kāi)空氣，猶如魚(yú)兒離不開(kāi)水。

Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.正如打掃房屋一樣，我們也要掃除我們頭腦中落后的東西。

2）as if, as though

兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)多用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與事實(shí)相反，有時(shí)也用陳述語(yǔ)氣，表示所說(shuō)情況是事實(shí)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作“仿佛??似的”，“好像??似的”，例如：

They completely ignore these facts as if(as though)they never existed.他們完全忽略了這些事實(shí)，就仿佛它不存在似的。（與事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。）He looks as if(as though)he had been hit by lighting.他那樣子就像被雷擊了似的。（與事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。）

It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看來(lái)天氣很快就會(huì)好起來(lái)。（實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大，謂語(yǔ)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。）

說(shuō)明：as if / as though也可以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)分詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)或無(wú)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，例如：He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.他目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看著我，就像第一次看見(jiàn)我似的。

He cleared his throat as if to say something.他清了清嗓子，像要說(shuō)什么似的。

The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.波濤沖擊著巖石，好像很憤怒。原因狀語(yǔ)從句用法要點(diǎn)。

常用的引導(dǎo)連詞有because, as和since。三者的區(qū)別是：在回答問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，使用because；對(duì)于顯而易見(jiàn)的原因，常用as或since；as和since的從句常放在主句之前，而because的從句常放在主句之后。

Why did you go?I went because Tom told me to go.你為何去？那是因?yàn)闇方形胰?。He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise.他很生氣不是因?yàn)槲覀儊?lái)遲了，而是因?yàn)槲覀兣隽寺曇簟?/p>

As it was raining hard, we had to be indoors.由于雨太大，我們只好呆在家里。

Since you feel ill, you'd better not go to work.既然你感覺(jué)不舒服，你最好不要去上班了。比較：because, since, as和for

1）because語(yǔ)勢(shì)最強(qiáng)，用來(lái)說(shuō)明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問(wèn)題。當(dāng)原因是顯而易見(jiàn)的或已為人們所知，就用as或 since。

I didn't go, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2）由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 號(hào)，則可以用for來(lái)代替。但如果不是說(shuō)明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。

He is absent today, because / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he is absent today.5、目的狀語(yǔ)從句用法要點(diǎn)。

常用的引導(dǎo)連詞有so that, that和in order that譯為：以便，為了，目的是。此外還有l(wèi)est, for fear that, in case等詞引導(dǎo)，例如，Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes.請(qǐng)講慢一點(diǎn)，以便我們能作詳細(xì)筆記。

I shall write down your address that I may not forget.我要把你的地址記下來(lái)，以免忘記。

I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in time.這封信我以航空信發(fā)出，以便他能及時(shí)收到。

You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.He wrote the name down for fear that(lest)he should forget it.Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.注：目的狀語(yǔ)從句可以用動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)替換做目的狀語(yǔ)

We work harder than usualfinish it in a week.我們比平常加倍努力工作以在一周內(nèi)完

成工作。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句常由so? that 或 such?that引導(dǎo)，掌握這兩個(gè)句型，首先要了解so 和 such與其后的詞的搭配規(guī)律。

比較：so和 such

其規(guī)律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so 是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many, few, much, little連用，形成固定搭配。

so foolishsuch a fool

so nice a flowersuch a nice flower

so many / few flowerssuch nice flowers

so much / little money.such rapid progress

so many peoplesuch a lot of people

（so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當(dāng)于 many，但 a lot of 為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。）

so?that與such?that之間的轉(zhuǎn)換既為 so與such之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。

The boy is so young that he can't go to school.He is such a young boy that he can't go to school條件狀語(yǔ)從句用法要點(diǎn)。

我們主要看一下由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。if 意為“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示假如有從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生就(不)會(huì)有主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。例如：

If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go there by bike.如果明天不下雨，我們就騎自行車去那里。

If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly.如果我早早地到那里，我就可以快點(diǎn)看病。連接詞主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。.if 引導(dǎo)的條件句有真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句兩種。非真實(shí)條件句已在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中闡述。

unless = if not.Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.典型例題

You will be late ___ you leave immediately.A.unlessB.untilC.ifD.or

答案A。句意：除非你立即走，否則你就回遲到的?？赊D(zhuǎn)化為 If you dong leave immediately, you will be late.B、D句意不對(duì)，or表轉(zhuǎn)折，句子如為 You leave immediately or you will be late.8讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

though, although

注意： 當(dāng)有though, although時(shí)，后面的從句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可連用Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.雖然在下雨，但他們?nèi)栽诘乩锔苫睢?/p>

He is very old, but he still works very hard.雖然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。

Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.傷口雖愈合，但傷疤留下了。（諺語(yǔ)）

典型例題

1）___she is young, she knows quite a lot.A.When B.HoweverC.AlthoughD.Unless

答案：C。意為雖然她很年輕，卻知道許多。

2)as, though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句

as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前（形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）。Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.注意： a.句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。

b.句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語(yǔ)之前。

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems?

雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人意。

3)ever if, even though.即使

We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.4)whether?or-不管??都

Whether you believe it or not, it is true.5)“no matter +疑問(wèn)詞” 或“疑問(wèn)詞+后綴ever”

No matter what happened, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind.替換：no matter what = whatever

no matter who = whoever

no matter when = whenever

no matter where = wherever

no matter which = whichever

no matter how = however

注意：no matter 不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句。

（錯(cuò)）No matter what you say is of no use now.（對(duì)）Whatever you say is of no use now.你現(xiàn)在說(shuō)什么也沒(méi)用了。(Whatever you say是主語(yǔ)從句)

（錯(cuò)）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given,（對(duì)）Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given.囚犯?jìng)冎荒芙o什么吃什么。三：主句與從句時(shí)態(tài)一致的問(wèn)題。

在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句和從句之間的時(shí)態(tài)一致問(wèn)題一般分下列兩種情況：

1.若主句是祈使句，或主句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，或主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，那么從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)。例如：

Be careful when you cross the road.過(guò)馬路時(shí)要小心。

Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask.如果你們有問(wèn)題要問(wèn)的話，請(qǐng)舉手。The traffic must stop when the lights are red.紅燈亮?xí)r，車輛必須停下。

2.若主從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都是陳述過(guò)去，那么主從句都可以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。例如：She could sing when she was four years old.她四歲的時(shí)候就會(huì)唱歌。