第一篇：非謂語動詞系列 (四)--------對比訓(xùn)練

非謂語動詞系列

（四）--------對比訓(xùn)練

(1)作賓補的綜合練習(xí)：（分詞與不定式）

1, The tiring trip made all of us rather ___________.A, tiring

B, tired

C, tire

D, to be tired 2, They knew her very well.They had seen her __________ up from children.A, grow

B, grew

C, was growing

D, to grow 3, The missing boys were last seen _________ near the river.A, playing

B, to be playing

C, play

D, to play 4, Though he had often made his sister ___.Today he was made ____by his little sister.A, cry , to cry

B, crying , crying

C, cry , cry

D, to cry , cry 5, Mrs Smith warned her daughter

________ after

drinking.A, never to drive

B, to never drive

C, never driving

D, never drive 6,----Good morning , Can I help you ?

-----I ‘d like to have the package _________ , madam.A, be weighed

B, to be weighed

C, to weigh

D, weighed 7, The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ___________.A, hear

B, to hear

C, hearing

D, heard 8, Jane was made _________ the truck for a week as a punishment.A, to wash

B, washing

C, wash

D, washed 9, I can hardly imagine peter _________ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A, sail

B, to sail

C, sailing

D, to have sailed 10, Paul doesn’t have to be made __________, he always works hard.A, learn

B, to learn

C, learned

D, learning 11.He was known _______to France before.A.to have been

B.to be

C.///

D.as to be 12.Young university student is considered _____ great promise.A.to have

B.to be

C.to have had

D.////(2)考查邏輯主語是否一致

1, __________ , the PLA men helped the villages move to the top of the hill.A, Having flooded the village B, The village having flooded C, The village was flood D, The village having been flooded 2, ___________ here to speak , we’d better go to his lecture.A, Invited him

B, Having invited him C, Invited him

D, To invite him 3, __________ , the film began.A, Having been seated

B, All of us having taken our seats

C, Having seated

D, After we have sat down 4, _____________ the hat he __________, the old man is a farmer.A, Judging from, is wearing

B, Judging from , putting on

C, Judging from, putting on

D, Judged by, is dressed 5, ____________ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.A, Improve

B, So as to improve

C, To improve

D, Improving 6, Asked about his life in the past , ____________.A, nobody said nothing

B, they did not get an answer from him

C, nothing was said by him

D, John nodded his head and left the room 7, ___________ , they went home.A, Work done

B, they finished their work

C, work to be done

D, work having done 8, Having a written examination _____________.A, it is necessary that I have to study hard

B, I must be hard to study

C, it is necessary for me to study hard

D, I am forced to study hard 9, Being a small boy, ___________.A, my father took me with him to France

B, I went with my father to France

C, my father went with me to France

D, my father took me to France 10, Having got home , ___________.A, my wallet was lost

B, I found my wallet missing

C, my wallet was missing

D, I found the losing book 11, ___________, the swallows have gone to the south.A, Coming

B, Fall coming

C, Having come

D, Fall comes

12, The boy stood there with his eyes _____ upon his mother and his month wide _____.A, staring, opened B, fixed , open

C, stare , open

D, to stare , opening 13., Few people like to sleep with all the windows ________

A, opening

B, to open

C, opened

D, open 14.I found Jane ___________ at the piano with her hands on the keys.A, seated

B, seats

C, seating

D, to seat

15.----How did you manage to get the task ________ on time ?

----I got some young people _________ us.A, finished, to help B, finishing , help C, finished, helping D, to finish , helped ? Standing on top of the mountain, and you can see the town more clearly.（改錯）? It being hot, so we went swimming yesterday afternoon.?

Having been there many times ,so I know the place very well.(3)非謂作狀語的綜合練習(xí)：（分詞與不定式）

1, They reached home at last, ___________ and hungry.A, was tired

B, tired

C, tiring

D, tiredly

2, The secretary worked late into the night, ________ a long speech for the president.A, to prepare

B, preparing

C, prepared

D, was preparing 3, __________ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A, Losing

B, Having lost

C, Lost

D, To lose 4, __________ more attention , the trees could have grown better.A, To give

B, Giving

C, Having given

D, Given 5, She ‘s upstairs _________ letters.A, writes

B, is writing

C, write

D, written 6, _________ a reply., he decided to write again.A, Not receiving

B, Receiving not

C, Not having received

D, Having not received 7, “ Can ‘t you read ?” Mary said _______ to the notice.A, angrily pointing

B.and point angrily

C, angrily pointed

D, and angrily pointing 8, The rain came _________ down.A, pour

B, poured

C, pouring

D, pours 9, He sat at the table , ___________ a novel.A, write

B, wrote

C, writing

D, to write

10, He rushed home immediately he heard the news, only _____ that his wife was gone.A, finding

B, to find

C, found

D, find 11, She is always the first _______________.A, to arrive

B, arriving

C, who arrived

D, to arrive at

12, The man got home very late that night, __________ his house had been broken into.A, found

B, to find

C, find

D, finding(4)不定式與分詞做狀語的區(qū)別

① _____________(lose)in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him.② ____________(give)more attention , the trees could have grown better.③ _____________(pass)the bookstore , he stopped to buy a few books.④ __________(get)enough money to pay off their debts, they worked day and night.⑤ He worked late into the night, ________(prepare)a long speech for the president.⑥ They stayed at home all day __________(prepare)their final examination.⑦ He makes a long speech__________(show)his ignorance（無知）of the subject.⑧ The old man fell off, ______________(hurt)his waist(腰)⑨ The students entered the clinic(門診)__________________(examine).⑩ They were very glad ____________(meet)an old friend of theirs in the street.? The man shouted at the shop assistant, _________(wave)his arms constantly.? _________(Heat)for a long time , the iron is burning hot.? _________(judge)from his accent, he must be from the south.? _________(suppose)he is absent, what shall we do? ? ______(grant 即使)that you’ve made some progress, you should be modest.?----We beat Class four in the match, you know ?

----Yes , I saw you _________.but what’s the score ?

A, play

B, playing

C, played

D, to play ⒄

He didn’t keep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his watch ____.A, repaired

B, to repair

C, repairing

D, repair(5)非謂語動詞作定語練習(xí): 1, The ______ children jumped for joy.A, exciting

B, excited

C, excitedly

D, excite 2, He gave a __________ smile.A, satisfied

B, satisfying

C, satisfies

D, satisfaction 3, Abraham Lincoln was an _____________ leader.A, inspired

B.inspiring

C.being inspired

D.having been inspired 4, He had never spent a ____________ day.A, more worry

B, most worrying

C, more worrying

D, more worried 5, Do you know the boy _________ under the tree ?

A, lay

B, lain

C, laying

D, lying

6, The Olympic Games, _______ in 775 B,C did not include women players until 1912.A, first playing

B, to be first played

C, first played

D, to be first playing 8, The computer center, _______ last year, is very popular among the students here.A, open

B, opening

C, having opened

D, opened 9, The first textbooks __________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A, having been written

B, to be written

C, being written

D, written 10, The restaurant __________ last year serves very good food.A, opening

B, opened

C, was opened

D, being opened 11, The amount of money ____________ for the project was soon collected.A, to need

B, needed

C, needing

D, which need 12, There is still no news about the ___________ boy.A, missed

B, losing

C, missing

D, being missing

13, The building _______ in our school is for our teachers, though there’s noise most of the day, we still feel happy about it.A, built

B, has been built

C, being built

D, to be built 14, We have known the problems ___ at the meeting which be held tomorrow afternoon.A, to discuss

B, being discussed

C, to be discussed

D, discussed 15,----Who would you like to see at the moment ?

-----The man ___ Mr.Nelson

A, called himself

B, calling himself

C, we call him

D, is called(6)做賓語綜合練習(xí)

1.She pretended _________ me when I passed by.A , not to see

B, not seeing

C, to not see

D, having not seen 2, We agreed __________ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.A, having met

B, meeting

C, to meet

D, to have met 3, Little Jim should love __________ to the theatre this evening.A, to be taken

B, to take

C, being taken

D, taking

4, I would love _____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A, to go

B, to have gone

C, going

D, having to 5, I would appreciate _______ back this afternoon.A, you to call

B, you call

C, your calling

D, you’re calling

6,-----I must apologize for ___________ ahead of time.-----That is all right.A.letting you not know

B, not letting you know

C, letting you know not

D, letting not you know 7, This sentence needs _______.A, to improve

B, improve

C, improving

D, improved

8, She searched the top of he hill and stopped _____ on a big rock by the side of the paths.A, to have rested

B, resting

C, to rest

D, rest

9, Go on ___________ the other exercise after you have finished this one.A, to do

B, doing

C, with

D, to be doing 10, She didn’t remember _____________ him before.A, having met

B, have met

C, to meet

D, to having met

11,-----The light in the office is still on.-----Oh , I forgot ___________.A, turning gif off

B, turn it off

C, to turn it off

D, having turned it off 12,----You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-----Well , now I regret __________ that.A, to do

B, to be doing

C, to have done

D, having done 13.I regret __________ harder while young.A, not have worked

B, not having worked

C, not work

D, not to work 14.We shall appreciate ___________ from you again.A, to hear

B, to be hearing

C, hearing

D, having heard 15.I don’t mind __________ alone, but I want a book ____________.A, leaving , reading

B, left, to read

C, to be left, to be read

D, being left, to read 16.While shopping , people sometimes can’t help ___________ into buying something they don’t really need.A, to persuade

B, persuading

C, being persuaded

D, be persuade 17.Mr.Green failed to catch the plane to Mexico , so he escaped ______ in the plane crash.A, to be killed

B, killing

C, being killed

D, killed

18.The badly wounded soldier slowly opened his lips（嘴唇）as if _______ something.A.to say

B.said

C.to have said

D.was saying 19.A way must be thought of _____ the fire ___.It is too dangerous.A.preventing(防止), to spread(傳播)

B.of stopping , spreading C.to stop , spreading

D.of keeping , spreading 20.The exercise require _____ carefully.We should do as we are required_____.A.to do , to B.doing , to do

C.doing, to

D.to be done, to do 21.Do you know his difficulty he had _______ five children at school.A.to keep

B.to have keep

C.keeping

D.having kept 22.She didn’t remember ____ him before.A, having met B, have met

C, to meet D, to having met

23.The boy we advised _______ in the class was criticized by teachers in the office.A.to stop to smoking

B.stop to smoke

C.to stop smoking

D.stop smoking 難題：

?

Time must be made full use of _____ the project(工程)on time.A.completing

B.being completed C.completed D.to complete

(7)對比訓(xùn)練

1.The building ______ now will be a chemistry lab.The building ______last year is our chemistry lab.The building _______ next month is designed by Professor Wang A/ to be built

b/ being built

c/ built

d/ having built 2.The film is worthy

________.The film is worth

_______.The film is worthy of ________.A/ seeing

B, to be seen

C, to see

D, being seen 3.I feel like ______ a letter to her I would like ______ a letter to her.I would like to have a letter _______ to her.A/ writing

B, to write

B, written

C, be written 4.You’d better make yourself _______.You’d better make him ____ you.A/ understand B.understood C.understanding

D.to understand 5.Tom had the machine ______yesterday.Tom had him ____ the machine.Tom had him _____ the machine all the morning.Tom will have a machine

______.A/ repaired

B, to repair

C, repairing

D, repair 6.I often hear her _______ the song.I hear her ______ the song now.I often hear the song _______.She is often heard _____ the song.A.to sing

B, singing

C, sung

D.sing 7.Wood is used _____ desks and chairs.The beggar is used ______ a living by begging.He used ____

model planes when he was young.A/ to make

B, making

C, to making

D.made 8.I would rather ____at home.I would rather you _____at home.A/ stay

B.to stay

C.staying

D.stayed 9.______on the top of the hill, the whole city can be seen._______on the top of the hill, we can see the whole city._____ the while city, we should stand on the top of the hill.______ on the top of the hill, and you can see the whole city.A.Seen

B.To see

C.Seeing

D.See 10.______ the students, the teacher entered the room.______by the students, the teacher entered the room._____ the students , the teacher walked faster.A/ Following

B, Followed

C, To follow

D, Follow 11.I need _______my clothes.My clothes need

________.I needn’t _______ my clothes

I need my clothes ________.A/ washing

B, to wash

C, washed

D, wash

12.Jenny couldn’t get the car _____ , for it is too cold.Jenny got him ______ the car for her.A/ moved

b/ to move c/ moving

d/ to moving 13 ______ hard, and you will succeed.______ hard , you will succeed.A/ working

B, Work

C, To work

D, Worked 14.There _____ no bus , we had to walk home.There _____no bus and we had to walk home.A/ was

B, being

C, be

D, to be 15.The girl ______in a red coat is Mary.The girl is _____Mary now.A/ dressed

b, dressing

c, dress

d, to dress

歸類-------非謂語動詞

1.(’全國I)____ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.A.Surprising

B.Surprised

C.Being surprised

D.To be surprising 2.(’全國II)We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ____ that all children like these things.A.thinking

B.think

C.to think

D.thought 3.(’北京)There have been several new events ____ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.A.add

B.to add

C.adding

D.added 4.(’北京)I can’t stand ____ with Jane in the same office.She just refuses ____ talking while she works.A.working;stopping

B.to work;stopping C.working;to stop

D.to work;to stop 5.(’天津)A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left ____.A.unsatisfied

B.unsatisfying

C.to be unsatisfying

D.being unsatisfying 6.(’重慶)Isn’t it time you got down to ____ the papers?

A.mark

B.be marked

C.being marked

D.marking

7.(’四川)The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games ____ in Beijing in 2008.A.hold

B.holding

C.held

D.to be held 8.(’四川)____ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.A.Faced

B.Face

C.Facing

D.To face

9.(’廣東)No matter how frequently ____, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.A.performing

B.performed

C.to be performed

D.being performed 10.(’廣東)____ this cake, you’ll need 2 eggs, 175g sugar and 175g flour

A.Having made

B.Make

C.Making

D.To make

11.(’上海)Eugene’s never willing to alter any of his opinions.It’s no use ____ with him.A.to argue

B.arguing

C.argued

D.having argued

12.(’06上海)Energy drinks are not allowed ____ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.A.to make

B.to be made

C.to have been made

D.to be making 13.(’06上海)Russ and Earl were auto mechanics ____ the same pay, but Earl had more ambition.A.to earn

B.to have earned

C.earning

D.earned

14.(’上海)The mother felt herself ____ cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield.A.grow

B.grown

C.to grow

D.to have grown 15.(’上海)____ automatically, the e-mail will be received by all the club members.A.Mailed out

B.Mailing out

C.To be mailed out

D.Having mailed out

16.(江蘇)Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ____ the same thing.A.saying

B.said

C.to say

D.having said 17.(’江蘇)---There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.---My goodness!I can’t imagine ____ that old.A.to be

B.to have been

C.being

D.having been 18.(安徽)My cousin came to see me from the country, ____ me a full basket of fresh fruits.A.brought

B.bringing

C.to bring

D.had brought 19.(安徽)Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one ____.A.blamed

B.blaming

C.to blame

D.to be blamed

20.(’06福建)____ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.A.Blaming

B.Blamed

C.To blame

D.To be blamed 21.(’06湖北)AIDS is said ____ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.A.that it is B.to be

C.that it has been

D.to have been 22.(’06湖北)Don’t sit there ____ nothing.Come and help me with this table.A.do

B.to do

C.doing

D.and doing 23.(’06湖南)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ____ the desert.A.covering

B.covered

C.cover

D.to cover 24.(’06湖南)If you think that treating a woman well means always ____ her permission for things, think again.A.gets

B.got

C.to get

D.getting 25.(’06湖南)As the twentieth century came to a close, the raw materials for a great, national literature were at hand, waiting ____.A.to use

B.to be used

C.to have used

D.to be using 26.(’06江西)After he became conscious, he remembered ____ and ____ on the head with a rod.A.to attack;hit

B.to be attacked;to be hit

C.attacking;be hit

D.having been attacked;hit 27.(’06江西)It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness ____.A.to make

B.to be made

C.making

D.being made 28.(’06遼寧)I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ____ Chinese in the school, most ____ were from Germany.A.study;of whom

B.study;of them C.studying;of them D.studying;of whom 29.(’06山東)Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title ____ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.A.being given

B.is given

C.given

D.was given 30.(’06山東)Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ____ since the flood hit the area last Friday.A.have been missing

B.have got lost C.be missing

D.get lost 31.(’06陜西)It is difficult to imagine his ____ the decision without any consideration.A.accept

B.accepting

C.to accept

D.accepted 32.(’06陜西)Faced with a bill for $10,000, ____.A.John has taken an extra job

B.the boss has given John an extra job C.an extra job has been taken

D.an extra job has been given to John 33.(’06陜西)He hurried to the booking office only ____ that all the tickets had been sold out.A.to tell

B.to be told

C.telling

D.told 34.(’06浙江)When ____ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A.compared

B.being compared

C.comparing

D.having compared 35.(’06浙江)It remains ____ whether Jim’ll be fit enough to play in the finals.A.seen

B.to be seen

C.seeing

D.to see 單項填空題歸類-----非謂語動詞

1.(北京卷)28.It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview.__________ the answers ready will be of great help.A.To have had B.Having had

C.Have

D.Having 2.(北京卷)30.When asked by the police, he said that he remembered __________ at the party, but not __________.A.to arrive, leaving B.to arrive, to leave C.arriving, leaving D.arriving, to leave 3.(北京卷)32.The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses _________ vacation to China.A.paying

B.paid

C.to be paid D.being paid 4.(北京卷)34.I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise __________.A.going on B.goes on

C.went on D.to go on 5.（山東卷）27.Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ______ a record US $57.65 a barrel on April 4.A.have reached B.reaching

C.to reach D.to be reaching 6.(廣東卷)24.He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.A.noting

B.noted

C.to note

D.having noted 7.(廣東卷)31.He hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left.A.to find

B.finding

C.found

D.to have found

8.（湖北卷）21．The repairs cost a lot ,but it’s money well _________.A．to spend B．spent C．being spent D．spending

9.（湖北卷）26．______from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A．Being separated

B．Having separated

C．Having been separated

D．To be separated

10.（湖南卷）22.__ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.A.Dressed

B.To dress

C.Dressing

D.Having dressed 11.（湖南卷）34.I send you 100 dollars today, the rest __ in a year.A.follows

B.followed

C.to follow

D.being followed

12.(江蘇卷)25.----Is Bob still performing?

----I'm afraid not.He is said_____ the stage already as he has become an official

A.to have left

B.to leave

C.to have been left

D.to be left 13.(江蘇卷)27.________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police

A.Having lost

B.Lost

C.Being lost

D.Losing

14.(江西卷)29．________ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life.A．Having given up hope of cure B．With no hope for cure

C．There being hope for cure

D．In the hope of cure 15.(江西卷)30．I think you’ll grow ________ him when you know him better.A．liking B．to be like C．to like D．to be liking

16.(江西卷)31．The manager, _______ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.A．who has made B．having made

C．made

D．making 17.（全國卷3）18．While watching television, __________.A．the doorbell rang

B．the doorbell rings

C．we heard the doorbell ring

D．we heard the doorbell rings 18.（全國卷3）20．“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, __________ away.A．run

B．running

C．to run

D．ran

19.（全國卷1）32．The storm left ，a lot of damage to this area.A．caused

B．to have caused

C．to cause

D．having caused

20.（上海卷）32.He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk _______ the good opportunity.A.to lose

B.losing

C.to be lost

D.being lost 21.（上海卷）33.______ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.A.Put

B.Putting

C.Having put

D.Being put

22.（上海卷）35.It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _______ a look at the sports stars.A.had

B.having C.to have D.have

23.（上海）36.More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, __ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.A.taking

B.taken

C.having taken

D.having been taken

24.（浙江卷）8._________ more about university courses, call(920)746-3789.A．To find out B．Finding out

C．Find out

D．Having found out

25.（重慶卷）26.Daddy didn't mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, ____fun.A.had

B.have

C.to have

D.having

26.（天津卷）7.You should understand the traffic rule by now.You've had it_______ often enough.A.explaining

B.to explain

C.explain

D.explained

27.（天津卷）12.I don't want _______like I' m speaking iii of anybody, but the manager' s plan is unfair.A.to sound

B.to be sounded

C.sounding

D.to have sounded 28.（安徽卷）34, I really can't understand ______ her like that.A.you treat

B.you to treat

C.why treat

D.you treating

29.（遼寧卷）22．All these gifts must be mailed immediately _______ in time for Christmas.A．in order to have received B．in order to receive

C．so as to be received

D．so as to be receiving

第二篇：非謂語動詞

初中英語分類練習(xí)

——非謂語動詞

非謂語動詞指的是在句中起名詞，形容詞或副詞作用的動詞形式，而不是作謂語的動詞形式。動詞的非謂語形式分為動名詞，分詞，動詞不定式。

Climbing mountain is a good exercise.(Climbing..., 動名詞起名詞作用）

Do you know the man wearing a white shirt.（wearing..分詞起形容詞作用）

He gets up early to catch the first bus.(to catch...不定式起副詞作用)

謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的區(qū)別：

1)謂語動詞在句中可單獨作謂語，而非謂語動詞不能單獨作謂語。

Miss Mary teaches us English.瑪麗教我們英語。（teaches 動詞作謂語）

Mr.Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.（to have a talk....不定式作狀語）

2)謂語動詞受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制，而非謂語動詞形式?jīng)]有這種限制。

Mike likes the pop music.（動詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式）

Lucy has nothing to do today。（do 用原形）

非謂語動詞的特征：如果非謂語動詞是及物動詞，后面須跟賓語。

Studying English is my favorite.（studying 后跟賓語）

To help him is my duty.幫助他是我的責(zé)任。（help 后跟賓語）非謂語動詞可以帶有自己的狀語或邏輯主語。

Working under such a condition is terrible.(under such a condition 是 working 的狀語）It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.（for him 作不定式的邏輯主語）非謂語動詞仍有語態(tài)和時態(tài)的變化。

I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.（to have kept...是不定式的完成形式）

Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.（Seen from...是分詞的被動形式）非謂語動詞在句中可以當(dāng)成名詞或者形容詞來使用。

Our coming made him happy.（coming 起名詞作用）

There are two big swimming pools here.(swimming 起形容詞作用)

非謂語動詞的形式變化：

不定式主動被動

一般to writeto be written

進(jìn)行to be writing

完成to have writtento have been written

完成進(jìn)行to have been writing

現(xiàn) 在 分 詞主動被動

一般writingbeing written

完成having writtenhaving been written

過去分詞主動被動

一般written

動名詞主動被動

一般writing being written

完成having writtenhaving been written●動 詞 不 定 式：

動詞不定式是由 to + 動詞原形構(gòu)成，在句中起名詞，形容詞和副詞的作用，可以擔(dān)任除謂語以外的其它任何成分。

1.動詞不定式作主語：

To mast a language is not an easy thing.To teach English is my favorite.It's my pleasure to help you.動詞不定式作主語時可以放在后面，而用 it 作形式主語放在原主語的位置上。

It's very kind of you to have given us much help.你給了我們那么多的幫助真是太好了。

It's necessary to find the witness.有必要找到目擊者。

2.動詞不定式作賓語：

某些及物動詞可以用動詞不定式作賓語，這些動詞有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask.What I wish is to learn English well.I like to help others if I can.3.動詞不定式作賓語補語。

We expect you to be with us.我們希望你和我們在一起。

Please ask him to come here quickly.請叫他快過來。

4.動詞不定式作表語 ：

What I should do is to finish the task soon.我應(yīng)該做的是趕快完成任務(wù)。

The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately.當(dāng)務(wù)之急是馬上去找孩子。

5.動詞不定式作定語：

There are many ways to solve the problem.有許多方法能解決這個問題。

I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告訴你。

6.不定式作狀語：

We went to the hospital to see our teacher.我們?nèi)メt(yī)院看了我們的老師。

She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet flower.她在做試驗，從一種西藏花中提取某種有用的藥物。

動詞不定式的否定形式：

not + to + 動詞原形

The teacher told us not to swim in that river.老師告訴我們不要在那條河里游泳。

It's unfair not to tell us.沒告訴我們真是不公平。

帶疑問詞的不定式：

疑問詞who, what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面，構(gòu)成不定式短語，使含義更加具體。

Where to go is not known yet.去什么地方還不知道。

I don't know when to begin.我不知道什么時間開始。

Can you tell me where to get the battery.你能告訴我哪兒能買到電池嗎？

Do you know how to get to the station.你知道怎樣去車站嗎？

帶邏輯主語的不定式：

動詞不定式可以帶有自己的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成方法是： for + 邏輯主語 + 不定式。

注意：邏輯主語用賓格形式，for 本身無實際意義，它只表明后面的主語從邏輯上分析是不定式的主語。It's necessary for us to help each other.我們互相幫忙是必要的。

There are much work for me to finish, 有許多工作要我去完成。

動詞不定式的被動形式： 表示不定式動詞同所修飾的名詞是被動關(guān)系。

He is the man to be examined.他是受檢查的人。

There are much work to be done.有好多工作要做。

●動 名 詞

動名詞是由動詞原形 + ing 構(gòu)成，同現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣，在句中可作主語，賓語，表語和定語。

1)動名詞作主語：

Talking like that is not polite.Learning from others is important.Putting on more clothes is not so good.（注：動名詞可以象動詞不定式一樣，用 it 先行祠代替，而把動名詞寫在后面。

It's no use waiting here, let's go home.It's very difficult climbing this mountain.2)動名詞作表語

The nurse's job is looking after the patients.Seeing is believing.3)動名詞作賓語

有些動詞須用動名詞來作賓語,它們是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep.Please stop smoking in the house.I like reading in the forest.Do you mind my opening the windows?

4）動名詞作定語

She is studying in the reading room.He slept in the sleeping bag.（動名詞的否定形式：not + 動名詞

He pretend not knowing it at all.他假裝全然不知。

We considered not doing it now.我們考慮現(xiàn)在不做這件事。

動名詞的被動形式 ：

（當(dāng)動名詞和它的邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系時，用動名詞的被動形式來表示。）

His being looked down upon made him sick.I can't really stand being treated like that.動名詞的幾種特殊情況：

1)有些動詞的后面能跟動名詞做賓語，有些動詞能跟不定式，有些兩者都可以，它們的具體含義有時還不一樣。

能跟動名詞的動詞有：

avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, can't help, 等。

能跟不定式的動詞有：

decide, desire, expect, hope, mean, pretend, promise, refuse, undertake, want, wish, agree, manage,能跟動名詞和不定式的動詞有： love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve, start,動詞后面跟動名詞還是不定式，含義不相同，總的來說，表示習(xí)慣的，一般性的動作多跟動名詞，一次性的具體的被動動作多跟不定式。

I like to go with you.我想和你一塊兒去。

I like reading.He promised to help her.We love watching VCD.2)remember, forget, regret后面跟動名詞時，動名詞表示過去的動作，后面跟不定式時，不定式表示將來的動作。

I remember meeting him in the street.I remember to write a letter to my parents.3)“stop + 動名詞”表示停止動名詞所表示的動作，“stop + 不定式”表示停下來做不定式所表示的動作。

Stop smoking, please.請不要抽煙。

Let's stop to have a rest.咱們停下來休息一下吧。

4)動名詞和分詞的區(qū)別：

動名詞作定語時，動名詞和它所修飾的詞沒有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，而分詞作定語時，分詞和它所修飾的詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。

reading text 閱讀課文 〔動名詞〕 developing country 發(fā)展中國家 〔分詞〕

a sleeping bag 睡袋 〔動名詞〕 boiled water 開水 〔分詞〕

●分 詞

分詞是由動詞 +ing 或 動詞 + ed 構(gòu)成，它在句中起形容詞或副詞的作用，可以作定語，表語，狀語。workingworkedwashingwashed

分詞可分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種，現(xiàn)在分詞的形式同動名詞一樣，在動詞后面加 ing。而過去分詞的形式則在動詞后面加 ed.分詞在句中可作定語，狀語或表語。

1.分詞作定語

China is a developing country.That's an interesting story.The girl singing for us is ten years old.作定語的分詞要放在被修飾的名詞之前，如果是分詞詞組則放在被修飾的名詞之后，如被修飾的名詞是 something, anything, everything, nothing 等，分詞放在被修飾名詞的后面。

The working people have played a great role in the activity.The boy hurt by the car was sent to the hospital immediately.There is nothing interesting.沒什么有趣的事。

分詞和動名詞都可以作定語，判斷是分詞還是動名詞，可以根據(jù)它們和被修飾詞有無邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系來判斷，有主謂關(guān)系的是分詞，否則判斷為動名詞。

a swimming girl 游泳的女孩。（分詞）

a swimming pool 游泳的池子（動名詞）

2.分詞作狀語

Being a student, he likes to help others.Wearing a new pair of glasses, she can read easily.She is there waiting for us.Told by the teacher, she knew she was wrong.3.分詞作表語

The story is interesting.We are interested in computer.The glass is broken.The water is boiled.4.分詞作賓語補足語

可以跟賓語補足語的謂語動詞有 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, have, get 等詞。I saw him walking in the street.I heard them singing in the classroom.We found the boy sleeping.have 后面的賓語補足語用過去分詞常表示動作不是句子的主語發(fā)出的，而是由別人做的。I have my hair cut.我理發(fā)了。（是別人給我理發(fā)）

She has her bike repaired.她把自行車修理了。（別人修理的）

They have their house rebuilt.他們重修了房子。

分詞的否定形式。not + 分詞

Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait.不知道下一步干什么，她停下來等著。

Not having finished the homework, the little girl doesn't dare to go to school.小女孩沒完成作業(yè)不敢去學(xué)校。

分詞的時態(tài) 分詞的一般時表示動作同謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生或之前發(fā)生。

Seeing the teacher is coming, the students stopped playing.看到老師進(jìn)來，學(xué)生們停下來不玩了。

Coming into the room, he lied on his bed.回到家后，他就躺在床上。

分詞的完成時表示的動作在謂語動詞的前面發(fā)生。

Having received a latter, I knew everything is all right.收到一封信后，我知道一切都很好。

Having had my supper, I went out for a walk.晚飯后，我出去散步了。

Having known that he won the match, he threw the cap into the sky.他知道自己比賽獲勝，高興地把帽子扔上了天。

分詞的被動形式 分詞的被動形式表示分詞動作同所修飾的名詞有一種被動關(guān)系。The entertainment building being built will be completed next year.正在建設(shè)的娛樂大樓明年完工。

第三篇：非謂語動詞

非謂語動詞專項練習(xí)

1.There ______ no classes yesterday, we paid a visit to the Great Wall.A.wasB.beingC.wereD.had been

2.The policeman rushed into the room only ______ an old lady lying on the ground.A.foundB.findC.findingD.to find

3.The boy lay on the ground, his eyes ______ and his hands ______.A.closing;tremblingB.closed;trembling

C.closed;trembledD.closing;trembled

4.______, the girls raced on to the second runners.A.Stick in handB.With a stick in her hand

C.Sticks in handD.Sticks in hands

5.Each of them got up early ______ to catch the early bus.A.to hopeB.hopingC.so thatD.and

6.How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!

A.hearingB.heardC.hearD.to hear

7.We should prevent pollution ______ happily.A.from livingB.livingC.to livingD.to live

8.I am busy now, so I can’t help ______ the machine.A.repairB.to have repairedC.repairingD.fixing

9.Jane came very close ______ a gold medal for Britain in the Olympics.A.to winB.winningC.to winningD.to be won

10.The boy seated himself in the corner with his back ______ to his father.A.turningB.to turnC.to be turnedD.turned

11.----By the way, when did you get your bedroom ______?

----Last week.A.to paintB.paintedC.paintingD.to be painted

12.He likes ______, but he doesn’t like ______ today because it is too cold.A.to swim;to swimB.swimming;swimming

C.to swim;swimmingD.swimming;to swim

13.There is ______ what the weather will be like.A.not knowingB.no knowingC.not knowD.no known

14.The novel is said ______ into many languages.A.to translateB.being translated

C.to have been translatedD.having been translated

15.I’m examining the composition he has just finished ______ the possible mistakes in it.A.correctingB.to correctC.correctedD.correct

16.They would not allow him ______ across the enemy line.A.to risk goingB.risking to go

C.for risk to goD.risk going

17.He spent as much time as he could _____ the child.A.teachingB.to teachC.teachD.for teaching

18.----Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?

----I ______, but I had an unexpected visitor.A.hadB.wouldC.was going toD.did

19.How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!

A.hearingB.to hearC.heardD.hear

20.______ the room, a letter was laid on the ground.A.EnteringB.Having entered

C.He enteredD.Mrs Green entering

21.They set out ______ for the ______ boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lost

C.to search;lostD.to search;missed

22.______ her mother had come, her face lit up.A.HearingB.Having heard

C.When hearingD.When she heard

23.They arrived at their university very late, ______ the gate closely shut.A.foundB.to findC.findD.finding

24.----Do you have anything more ______, sir?

----No.You can have a rest or do something else.A.typingB.to be typedC.typedD.to type

25.The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.A.to be informedB.on informing C.informedD.informing

26.With a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the time.A.to settleB.settlingC.settledD.being settled

27.Will those ______ the children from abroad come to the headmaster’s office?

A.teachingB.teachC.who teachesD.who teaching

28.After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A.being interviewedB.interviewed

C.interviewingD.having interviewed

29.They apologized for ______ to attend the meeting.A.their not being ableB.their being not able

C.them not ableD.them being able not

30.They would not allow him ______ across the enemy line.A.to risk goingB.risking to go C.for risk to goD.risk going

31.______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may produce variants(變異

體)of genes in human bodies.A.Being exposedB.Having exposed

C.ExposedD.After being exposed

32.China became the 143rd member of the World Trade Organization on December 11, 2001, thus ______ its 15-year wish to join the global trade body.A.having realizedB.realizedC.realizingD.to realize

33.Tom looked at Jenny, tears ______ his eyes, and shouted out the words ______ in his heart for years.A.filling;having hiddenB.filled;hidden

C.filling;hiddenD.filled;hiding

34.They apologized for ______ to attend the meeting.A.their not being ableB.their being not able

C.them not ableD.them being able not

35.Which will you enjoy ______ your vacation, traveling abroad or working in the countryside?

A.to spendB.spendC.spendingD.spent

36.----Will you please tell us how you can seize the robbers?

----I will spend a whole week ______ in your room to wait for their coming.A.lockingB.to lockC.lockedD.being locked

37.I regret ______ you that they are unable to come to your wedding tomorrow.A.informingB.having informed

C.to have been informedD.to inform

38.He wondered if he could slip out of the lecture hall without anyone ______.A.noticingB.noticedC.to noticeD.being noticed

39.After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A.being interviewedB.interviewed

C.interviewingD.having interviewed

40.He spoke in such a high voice ______ out in the street.A.as to be heardB.to be heardC.as to hearD.to hear

41.As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be set up in every town ______ 50 households or more.A.havingB.to haveC.to have hadD.having had

42.The building project ______ next year is, I think, not easy ______ in time.A.being carried out;to complete B.carried out;to be completed

C.to be carried out;to complete D.to be carried out;to be completed

43.The reason ______ she gave for not coming to the party is that her mother wouldn’t allow her to.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.because

44.Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the Grand Hotel? I thought it was on this corner, but I seem to ______ a mistake.A.makeB.be makingC.having made D.have made

45.----Here’s a new pair of shoes for you.----Thank you, but there’s no need ______ a new pair for me.A.to have boughtB.to buyC.buyingD.to be buying

46.What worried the boy most was ______ to visit his father in the hospital.A.his not allowingB.his not being allowed

C.having not been allowedD.his being not allowed

47.To do a bit for the motherland, ______.A.working hard is necessary

B.to learn a foreign language is needed

C.it is important to master science

D.one should serve the people whole-heartedly

48.Everything ______ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.A.to takeB.takenC.to be takenD.taking

49.The officials discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next month.A.carry outB.carrying outC.to carry outD.carried out

50.With a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the time.A.to settleB.settlingC.settledD.being settled

51.----Do you have anything more ______, sir?

----No, you can have a rest or do something else.A.typingB.to be typedC.typedD.to type

52.The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.A.to be informedB.on informingC.informedD.informing

答案：

1------5BDBAB6------10DDACD 11------15BDBCB16------20AACBD 21------25CDDBC26------30AAAAA 31------35ACCAA

41------45ACADA

51-----55BC

36-----40CDAAA 46------50BDBDA

第四篇：非謂語動詞教案

（非謂語動詞）

Period 1 Infinitive(不定式)

Objectives

1.To revise Infinitive to get a better knowledge.2.To practice Infinitive to grasp more.(非謂語動詞——不定式、分詞和動名詞——在高中學(xué)習(xí)中是一個很重要的部分。在每年的高考中，無論是全國卷還是省市卷都是必考部分，因此，對此部分的學(xué)習(xí)與掌握都是必要的?？紤]到其重要性以及內(nèi)容較多，決定分部分進(jìn)行全面復(fù)習(xí)，從基本概念入手，再從形式、功能、重難點等方面進(jìn)行講解，最后進(jìn)行操練鞏固，以達(dá)到復(fù)習(xí)的最佳效果。)Resources used Grammar Summary;The multimedia I.Revision and lead-in（復(fù)習(xí)與導(dǎo)入）

Show Ss how important this part is.以2011年全國各省市高考卷中出現(xiàn)的非謂語導(dǎo)入。

II.Presentation（呈現(xiàn)）(on screen)歸納總結(jié)1 非謂語動詞在句中所作的成分： 歸納總結(jié)2 不定式的時態(tài)：

不定式的語態(tài)（被動）：

歸納總結(jié)3 注意點： III.Practice（操練）高考鏈接

1．（2011北京卷）25.It’s important for the figures _________ regularly.A.to be updated B.to have been updated C.to update D.to have updated

2.(2011上海卷)40.Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem _____ the art of communicating face-to-face.A.losing B.to be losing C.to be lost D.having lost 3.（2011浙江卷）19.If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ______ by their enthusiastic supporters.A.being cheered B.be cheered C.to be cheered D.were cheered 4.（2011福建卷）27.The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ____.A.held B.holding C.be held D.to hold

5．（2011天津卷）7.Passengers are permitted _____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B.carrying C.to be carried D.being carried

6．（2011重慶卷）29.More TV programs, according to government to officials, will be produced _______people’s concern over food safety.A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D.having raised.(2011湖南卷)21.The ability _____an idea is as important as the idea itself.A.expressing B.expressed C.to express D.to be expressed

8.（2011四川卷）11.Simon made a big bamboo box _______ the little sick bird till it could fly.A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.to keep IV.Language in Use.（操練鞏固—運用—提升）1．主語： 1.當(dāng)今掌握一門外語真的很重要。

2.放棄吸煙是對的。

2.賓語： 1.因為Fred 沒有錢，所以他決定找一份工作。

2.他答應(yīng)不告述任何人這事。

3.表語： 1.我的工作是教英語。

2.眼見為實。

4.定語： 1.你有什么要說的嗎?

2.Betty是第一個知道這真相的人 5.狀語：1.He spoke loudly(so as / in order)to be heard.（——————狀語）

2.They jumped with joy to hear the news.（———————狀語）3.I’m too tired to walk any further tonight.（———————狀語）

6.賓補： 1.她叫我呆在這兒。

2.請允許我介紹Mr.White給你們。

7.——————————: To be honest, I know nothing about it.to be honest, to tell(you)the truth說實話, to be frank坦白地說, to be exact確切地說, to begin with首先, to make a long story short長話短說, to be sure當(dāng)然、肯定, to sum up總之 etc.V.Another practice（如果時間允許）(If time permits)VII.Homework（作業(yè)）

導(dǎo)與練P92-94

2011年高考真題英語單項選擇—非謂語分類匯編（全部）

注：全國卷I、全國卷II、北京、上海、山東、湖北、江西、江蘇、安徽、浙江、福建、四川、遼寧、天津、陜西、重慶、湖南（17省市卷，廣東卷沒有單項選擇）

1.(2011全國卷I)27.The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house.A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen

2.（2011全國卷II）15.The island, ______ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A.joining B.to join C.joined D.having joined

3.（2011全國卷II）18．Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ______nothing about the argument.A.says B: said C.to say D.saying

4.（2011北京卷）25.It’s important for the figures _________ regularly.A.to be updated B.to have been updated C.to update D.to have updated

5.（2011北京卷）33.Sit down, Emma.You will only make yourself more tired, ________ on your feet.A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have kept

6.(2011上海卷)27.It’s no use ____________ without taking action.A.complain B.complaining C.being complained D.to be complained 7.(2011上海卷)32.The rare fish, _____ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A.saved B.saving C.to be saved D.having saved

8.(2011上海卷)33.At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam.Then I changed my mind, ____ that he could do nothing to help.A.to realize B.realized C.realizing D.being realized

9.(2011上海卷)40.Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem _____ the art of communicating face-to-face.A.losing B.to be losing C.to be lost D.having lost

10.（2011山東卷）27.Look over there—there’s a very long, winding path______ up to the house.A.leading B.leads C.led D.to lead

11.（2011江西卷）32.On receiving a phone call from his wife _____ she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from office.A.says B.said C.saying D.to say

12.（2011江蘇卷）31.Recently a survey _____ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A.compared B.comparing C.compares D.being compared

13.（2011安徽卷）30.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _____ into small pieces.A.break B.breaking C.broken D.to break 14.（2011浙江卷）14.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words.A.lose B.lost C.to lose D.having lost

15.（2011浙江卷）19.If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ______ by their enthusiastic supporters.A.being cheered B.be cheered C.to be cheered D.were cheered 16.（2011福建卷）23.Tsinghua University, ____ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A.found B.founding C.founded D.to be founded

17.（2011福建卷）27.The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ____.A.held B.holding C.be held D.to hold

18.（2011四川卷）2.Lydia doesn’t feel like_____ abroad.Her parents are old.A.study B.studying C.studied D.to study

19.（2011四川卷）11.Simon made a big bamboo box _______ the little sick bird till it could fly.A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.to keep

20.（2011四川卷）16._________ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.A.Offer B.Offering C.Offered D.To offer

21.（2011遼寧卷）30.______ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A.Gather B.To gather C.Gathering D.To be gathering

22.（2011天津卷）7.Passengers are permitted _____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B.carrying C.to be carried D.being carried 23.（2011天津卷）12.______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A.Translating B.Translated C.To translate D.Having translated 24.（2011陜西卷）14.Claire had luggage _______ an hour before her plane left.A.check B.checking C.to check D.checked

25.（2011陜西卷）20.More highways have been built in China, ___________it much easier for people to travel form one place to another.A.making B.made C.to make D.having made

26.（2011重慶卷）29.More TV programs, according to government to officials, will be produced _______people’s concern over food safety.A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D.having raised

27.（2011重慶卷）33.Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ of his own dreams.A.reminding B.to remind C.reminded D.renmind

28.(2011湖南卷)21.The ability _____an idea is as important as the idea itself.A.expressing B.expressed C.to express D.to be expressed 29.(2011湖南卷)23.The players______from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A.selecting B.to select C.selected D.having selected

30.(2011湖南卷)29.Do you wake up every morning __________ energetic and ready to start a new day?

A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.felt

第五篇：非謂語動詞(教案)

非謂語動詞（教案）

在英語中，不是用作句子的謂語，而是用于擔(dān)任其他語法功能的的動詞，稱之為非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞有三種：不定式、動名詞和分詞。一．非謂語動詞與謂語動詞之區(qū)別：

1．相同之處：

1）可以有賓語： He bought a house.He was considering buying a house.He wanted to buy a house.2)可以被狀語修飾：

He always gets up very early.He is used to getting up early.3)可以有“體”式和語態(tài)的變化： She has finished her job.Having finished her work,she went home.She is treated fairly.She insisted on being treated fairly.4)可以有自己的邏輯主語： My wife often works late.I dislike my wife’s working late.It was a hot day.It being a hot day, we stayed home.2．不同之處：

1）可以起名詞作用（如：不定式和動名詞），在句中作主、賓、表語。Your duty is to look after the children.Complaining is no use.2）可以起形容詞作用（如：不定式和分詞），在句中作表語、定語和賓語補足語等。The vase is broken.He is the a nice person to work with.We found the story amusing.3）可以起副詞作用（如：不定式和分詞），在句中作狀語。They are working hard to win still greater victory.The sick man came in, supported by two nurses.二．不定式：

1．作主語（常置于句末，而用代替其做形式主語）To learn a foreign language is not easy.It is not easy(for me)to learn a foreign language.2．作表語

My job is to look after the babies.What I would like you to do is to keep silent about it.3．作賓語

He offered to go with us.I want to see him.He considered it his duty to support his family.作賓語補語（在see, hear, observe, watch, feel, notice等感官動詞以及l(fā)et, make,have等動詞后面，作賓補的不定式 to均省去）They asked him to sing a pop song at the concert.They heard him sing a pop song in the meeting room.He was heard to sing a pop song in the meeting room.4．作定語

Do you have anything to eat in your bag? He is always the first to come and the last to leave.5．作狀語

In order to save the the child, he dived into the river.We are overjoyed to see you.6．不定式的邏輯主語：

I found it impossible for him to do the job alone.7．連接詞+不定式

He will tell me how to use the dictionary.Where to get the book is what I want to know.He didn’t tell us where to go and when to set out.8．不定式的否定形式

They decided not to give up trying.9．不定式的時態(tài)

We are happy to be with you on this trip.She is sure to succeed in the election.I’m sorry to be troubling you at such a time.I’m glad to be working with you.I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.The enemy was reported to have surrendered two days before.10． 不定式的語態(tài)

This book is said to have been translated into many languages.It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.三．動名詞：

1．作主語

Saying so much is useless/no good/(of)no use It is useless/no good/(of)no use saying so much.Reading French is easier than speaking it.2．作表語

My hobby is collecting stamps.My great pleasure is learning English.3．作賓語

（下列動詞只能接動名詞avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, escape, finish, mind, keep, practise, miss，regret, insist on, give up, put off, object to）He enjoys listening to classical music.We must avoid making such mistakes again.I wouldn’t mind waiting for another ten minutes.（有些動詞后面可接動名詞，也可接不定式：begin, start, continue, like, hate, prefer但動名詞表示的意義是在一般情況下的行為，而不定式則表示某個具體的、一次性的行為。）

I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim this afternoon.4．介詞賓語

Are you used to eating American food? She went to school without having breakfast.5．動名詞的邏輯主語

Do you mind(my)opening the window.Tom insisted on my brother’s going with him.動名詞和不定式作賓語，意義不同的幾組詞： stop to do sth

（停下一件事去做另一件事）stop doing sth

（停止做某事）Remember to do sth.（記住要做某事）Remember doing sth（記得曾做過某事）Forget to to do sth（忘記要做某事）Forget doing sth（忘記曾做過某事）

Regret to do sth（因要做某事而感到不安）Regret doing sth（因做了某事而感到后悔）Go on to do sth（接著做另一件事）Go on doing sth（繼續(xù)做某事）Try to do sth（盡力做某事）Try doing sth（嘗試做某事）Need to do sth（需要做某事）Need doing（需要被做）Want to do sth（想做某事）Want doing

（需要被做）

Used to do sth（過去常常做某事）Be used doing sth（習(xí)慣做某事）

6．動名詞的體式和語態(tài)

He was praised for having made a great contribution to his country.His having been elected chairman of the club surprised us greatly.Jane like being read to when she is ill.He did it without being asked.四．分詞

分詞有兩種：現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。現(xiàn)在分詞表示的意義是主動的、進(jìn)行的；過去分詞表示的意義是被動的、完成的。The developing countries The developed countries

1．作表語：

The story is very interesting.I am interested in English.The film is moving.We were moved by the film.2．作定語：

It is an interesting book.We must learn from the working people.The boy singing on the stage is my brother.This is a book written by a famous scientist.3．作賓語補足語：

(see, hear, feel, notice, watch, 分詞說明動作正在發(fā)生；不定式說明動作發(fā)生的全過程。)I saw him going into the room.I saw him go into the room.4．作狀語：

1)作時間或原因狀語：

working in the open air,he often sings songs.Having finished his work, he went to bed.Knowing that it was going to rain, he decided not to go out.2)作伴隨狀語：

They stood there waiting for the bus.He lay in bed reading a novel.