第一篇：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞公開(kāi)課教案

A teaching design for open class

Designer: Chen Huipeng 1 Teaching aims:

To revise the non-finite verb To form a concept of sentence structure 2 Teaching time: 2010/12/21 3 Class: Class 3, Senior 3 4 Teaching aids: blackboard, multi-media device 5 Teaching steps: Step 1 Introduce the concept of non-finite verb: 1)How to define the non-finite verb in a simple way 2)How to use it properly.Which part it can play in a sentence.3)Three forms of the non-finite verb and it’s features Step 2

Lead in: 1)used as a subject Let the students pay special attention to the formal subject.2)used as a object Let the students pay attention to the formal object and think about which verbs can use the following form “V+to do”

3)used as the predicative, the attribute and the objective complement 4)used as the objective complement a.show purpose b.show result c.show reason d.show degree Step 3 the tense and voice of the non-finite verb 1)show a form to the students 2)list more examples to make it clear about the different tense and voice.a.We decided to leave early.b.Who heard him say that? c.He seems to be saying something.d.The old man seems to be dying.e.The novel was said to have been published.f.I would like to have come earlier, but I was busy then.Step 4 Exercises to consolidate the key point.Step 5 Home work.

第二篇：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(教案)

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（教案）

在英語(yǔ)中，不是用作句子的謂語(yǔ)，而是用于擔(dān)任其他語(yǔ)法功能的的動(dòng)詞，稱(chēng)之為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞。一．非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之區(qū)別：

1．相同之處：

1）可以有賓語(yǔ)： He bought a house.He was considering buying a house.He wanted to buy a house.2)可以被狀語(yǔ)修飾：

He always gets up very early.He is used to getting up early.3)可以有“體”式和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化： She has finished her job.Having finished her work,she went home.She is treated fairly.She insisted on being treated fairly.4)可以有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)： My wife often works late.I dislike my wife’s working late.It was a hot day.It being a hot day, we stayed home.2．不同之處：

1）可以起名詞作用（如：不定式和動(dòng)名詞），在句中作主、賓、表語(yǔ)。Your duty is to look after the children.Complaining is no use.2）可以起形容詞作用（如：不定式和分詞），在句中作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等。The vase is broken.He is the a nice person to work with.We found the story amusing.3）可以起副詞作用（如：不定式和分詞），在句中作狀語(yǔ)。They are working hard to win still greater victory.The sick man came in, supported by two nurses.二．不定式：

1．作主語(yǔ)（常置于句末，而用代替其做形式主語(yǔ)）To learn a foreign language is not easy.It is not easy(for me)to learn a foreign language.2．作表語(yǔ)

My job is to look after the babies.What I would like you to do is to keep silent about it.3．作賓語(yǔ)

He offered to go with us.I want to see him.He considered it his duty to support his family.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（在see, hear, observe, watch, feel, notice等感官動(dòng)詞以及l(fā)et, make,have等動(dòng)詞后面，作賓補(bǔ)的不定式 to均省去）They asked him to sing a pop song at the concert.They heard him sing a pop song in the meeting room.He was heard to sing a pop song in the meeting room.4．作定語(yǔ)

Do you have anything to eat in your bag? He is always the first to come and the last to leave.5．作狀語(yǔ)

In order to save the the child, he dived into the river.We are overjoyed to see you.6．不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)：

I found it impossible for him to do the job alone.7．連接詞+不定式

He will tell me how to use the dictionary.Where to get the book is what I want to know.He didn’t tell us where to go and when to set out.8．不定式的否定形式

They decided not to give up trying.9．不定式的時(shí)態(tài)

We are happy to be with you on this trip.She is sure to succeed in the election.I’m sorry to be troubling you at such a time.I’m glad to be working with you.I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.The enemy was reported to have surrendered two days before.10． 不定式的語(yǔ)態(tài)

This book is said to have been translated into many languages.It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.三．動(dòng)名詞：

1．作主語(yǔ)

Saying so much is useless/no good/(of)no use It is useless/no good/(of)no use saying so much.Reading French is easier than speaking it.2．作表語(yǔ)

My hobby is collecting stamps.My great pleasure is learning English.3．作賓語(yǔ)

（下列動(dòng)詞只能接動(dòng)名詞avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, escape, finish, mind, keep, practise, miss，regret, insist on, give up, put off, object to）He enjoys listening to classical music.We must avoid making such mistakes again.I wouldn’t mind waiting for another ten minutes.（有些動(dòng)詞后面可接動(dòng)名詞，也可接不定式：begin, start, continue, like, hate, prefer但動(dòng)名詞表示的意義是在一般情況下的行為，而不定式則表示某個(gè)具體的、一次性的行為。）

I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim this afternoon.4．介詞賓語(yǔ)

Are you used to eating American food? She went to school without having breakfast.5．動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)

Do you mind(my)opening the window.Tom insisted on my brother’s going with him.動(dòng)名詞和不定式作賓語(yǔ)，意義不同的幾組詞： stop to do sth

（停下一件事去做另一件事）stop doing sth

（停止做某事）Remember to do sth.（記住要做某事）Remember doing sth（記得曾做過(guò)某事）Forget to to do sth（忘記要做某事）Forget doing sth（忘記曾做過(guò)某事）

Regret to do sth（因要做某事而感到不安）Regret doing sth（因做了某事而感到后悔）Go on to do sth（接著做另一件事）Go on doing sth（繼續(xù)做某事）Try to do sth（盡力做某事）Try doing sth（嘗試做某事）Need to do sth（需要做某事）Need doing（需要被做）Want to do sth（想做某事）Want doing

（需要被做）

Used to do sth（過(guò)去常常做某事）Be used doing sth（習(xí)慣做某事）

6．動(dòng)名詞的體式和語(yǔ)態(tài)

He was praised for having made a great contribution to his country.His having been elected chairman of the club surprised us greatly.Jane like being read to when she is ill.He did it without being asked.四．分詞

分詞有兩種：現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示的意義是主動(dòng)的、進(jìn)行的；過(guò)去分詞表示的意義是被動(dòng)的、完成的。The developing countries The developed countries

1．作表語(yǔ)：

The story is very interesting.I am interested in English.The film is moving.We were moved by the film.2．作定語(yǔ)：

It is an interesting book.We must learn from the working people.The boy singing on the stage is my brother.This is a book written by a famous scientist.3．作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：

(see, hear, feel, notice, watch, 分詞說(shuō)明動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生；不定式說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的全過(guò)程。)I saw him going into the room.I saw him go into the room.4．作狀語(yǔ)：

1)作時(shí)間或原因狀語(yǔ)：

working in the open air,he often sings songs.Having finished his work, he went to bed.Knowing that it was going to rain, he decided not to go out.2)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)：

They stood there waiting for the bus.He lay in bed reading a novel.

第三篇：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞教案

非

謂

語(yǔ)

動(dòng)

詞 之 現(xiàn)在分詞

教

案

劉黎清

教學(xué)目標(biāo)

1.掌握分詞作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)（時(shí)間、原因、方式、結(jié)果和伴隨等狀語(yǔ)的用法）。2.掌握動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)的用法。

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)

動(dòng)詞除了在句子中充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)外，還具有名詞、形容詞及副詞的性質(zhì)動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式，可在句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等，稱(chēng)作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，包括動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞和動(dòng)名詞。

教學(xué)難點(diǎn)

1、掌握分詞、動(dòng)名詞在句子中的作用

2、分詞作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)的異同

3、注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間關(guān)系，以確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)形式

教學(xué)要點(diǎn)

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主要用法如下： 1.動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)；

2.只跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)； 3.動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語(yǔ)；

教學(xué)步驟

I謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞目前學(xué)過(guò)的有哪些？

1.V/V.S(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作）

2.V.ed

(一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去的動(dòng)作）

3.am/is/are + V.ing(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表正在進(jìn)行）4.was/were + V.ing(過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行）

5.will + V.或 am/is/are going to + V.(一般將來(lái)時(shí)，將來(lái)要做的動(dòng)作）

6.would + V.或 was/were going to + V.(過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)開(kāi)始的將來(lái)）7.have/has + V.過(guò)分（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)做了什么）8.had + V.過(guò)分（過(guò)去完成時(shí)，到過(guò)去某個(gè)點(diǎn)為止已經(jīng)做了什么）

II非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有幾個(gè)？是什么？ 1.to + V.2.V.ing 3.V.過(guò)分

III 本課重點(diǎn)V.ing形式 1.做主語(yǔ)

Eating too much is bad for our health.Crying over spilt milk is no use.(覆水難收）

2.做賓語(yǔ)（只能做某些及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)）她昨天讀完了那本小說(shuō)。

She finished reading that novel yesterday.下列動(dòng)詞后多用動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)

admit(承認(rèn)）

avoid(避免）consider（思考，認(rèn)為）mind

miss

escape(避開(kāi)）practice

prevent resist(抵抗）

imagine can’t help

give up put off

set about(著手）keep on

excuse(原諒）feel like(想要）

object to(反對(duì)）

3.做表語(yǔ)

Her job is teaching math.4.做定語(yǔ)

The developing countries are trying their best to develop economy.5.做賓補(bǔ)

I saw him walking across the street.V.ing 做賓補(bǔ)，常放在see, hear, notice, watch，keep，find，feel, look at，listen to, observe(觀看）, sense（感覺(jué)）, get（讓?zhuān)梗? have（讓?zhuān)?等詞之后

6.做狀語(yǔ)

Putting down the newspaper, I walked over the window and looked out.(時(shí)間）

V.ing 做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常表示時(shí)間，原因，條件，讓步，方式，伴隨，結(jié)果，目的等

IV Please do the exercise I and II in your hand-outs and check with your partner.V Translate the sentences of exercise III in your hand-outs.1.這樣做可以省很多時(shí)間和金錢(qián)。

Doing in this way can save a lot of time and money.（主語(yǔ)）2.看到孩子，她禁不住哭了起來(lái)。

Seeing her child, she couldn’t helping

crying.（狀語(yǔ)，表時(shí)間）3.我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂(lè)。

Our job is playing all kinds of music.（表語(yǔ)）4.他練習(xí)寫(xiě)字作為家庭作業(yè)。He practiced writing for homework.（賓語(yǔ)）5.你介意做一個(gè)關(guān)于學(xué)校生活的報(bào)告嗎？

Would you mind giving a report about school life?（賓語(yǔ)）6.拒絕邀請(qǐng)并不總是很容易的。

Refusing invitations is not always easy.（主語(yǔ)）7.我吃完早飯后出去了。

After eating lunch, I went out.（狀語(yǔ)，表前后時(shí)間）8.老師給我們上了一堂寫(xiě)作課。

The teacher gave us a writing class.（定語(yǔ)）9.正在讀小說(shuō)的男孩聽(tīng)到噪音后放下了書(shū)。

After hearing the noise, the boy reading a novel put down the book.（狀語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)）10.如果從山上看，這個(gè)公園很美。

If being seen from the mountain, the park is very beautiful.（狀語(yǔ)，表?xiàng)l件）

V Homework

VI V.ing 做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，賓補(bǔ)，表語(yǔ)各寫(xiě)5個(gè)句子。

第四篇：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞教案

（非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）

Period 1 Infinitive(不定式)

Objectives

1.To revise Infinitive to get a better knowledge.2.To practice Infinitive to grasp more.(非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞——不定式、分詞和動(dòng)名詞——在高中學(xué)習(xí)中是一個(gè)很重要的部分。在每年的高考中，無(wú)論是全國(guó)卷還是省市卷都是必考部分，因此，對(duì)此部分的學(xué)習(xí)與掌握都是必要的?？紤]到其重要性以及內(nèi)容較多，決定分部分進(jìn)行全面復(fù)習(xí)，從基本概念入手，再?gòu)男问?、功能、重難點(diǎn)等方面進(jìn)行講解，最后進(jìn)行操練鞏固，以達(dá)到復(fù)習(xí)的最佳效果。)Resources used Grammar Summary;The multimedia I.Revision and lead-in（復(fù)習(xí)與導(dǎo)入）

Show Ss how important this part is.以2011年全國(guó)各省市高考卷中出現(xiàn)的非謂語(yǔ)導(dǎo)入。

II.Presentation（呈現(xiàn)）(on screen)歸納總結(jié)1 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中所作的成分： 歸納總結(jié)2 不定式的時(shí)態(tài)：

不定式的語(yǔ)態(tài)（被動(dòng)）：

歸納總結(jié)3 注意點(diǎn)： III.Practice（操練）高考鏈接

1．（2011北京卷）25.It’s important for the figures _________ regularly.A.to be updated B.to have been updated C.to update D.to have updated

2.(2011上海卷)40.Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem _____ the art of communicating face-to-face.A.losing B.to be losing C.to be lost D.having lost 3.（2011浙江卷）19.If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ______ by their enthusiastic supporters.A.being cheered B.be cheered C.to be cheered D.were cheered 4.（2011福建卷）27.The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ____.A.held B.holding C.be held D.to hold

5．（2011天津卷）7.Passengers are permitted _____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B.carrying C.to be carried D.being carried

6．（2011重慶卷）29.More TV programs, according to government to officials, will be produced _______people’s concern over food safety.A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D.having raised.(2011湖南卷)21.The ability _____an idea is as important as the idea itself.A.expressing B.expressed C.to express D.to be expressed

8.（2011四川卷）11.Simon made a big bamboo box _______ the little sick bird till it could fly.A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.to keep IV.Language in Use.（操練鞏固—運(yùn)用—提升）1．主語(yǔ)： 1.當(dāng)今掌握一門(mén)外語(yǔ)真的很重要。

2.放棄吸煙是對(duì)的。

2.賓語(yǔ)： 1.因?yàn)镕red 沒(méi)有錢(qián)，所以他決定找一份工作。

2.他答應(yīng)不告述任何人這事。

3.表語(yǔ)： 1.我的工作是教英語(yǔ)。

2.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。

4.定語(yǔ)： 1.你有什么要說(shuō)的嗎?

2.Betty是第一個(gè)知道這真相的人 5.狀語(yǔ)：1.He spoke loudly(so as / in order)to be heard.（——————狀語(yǔ)）

2.They jumped with joy to hear the news.（———————狀語(yǔ)）3.I’m too tired to walk any further tonight.（———————狀語(yǔ)）

6.賓補(bǔ)： 1.她叫我呆在這兒。

2.請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我介紹Mr.White給你們。

7.——————————: To be honest, I know nothing about it.to be honest, to tell(you)the truth說(shuō)實(shí)話, to be frank坦白地說(shuō), to be exact確切地說(shuō), to begin with首先, to make a long story short長(zhǎng)話短說(shuō), to be sure當(dāng)然、肯定, to sum up總之 etc.V.Another practice（如果時(shí)間允許）(If time permits)VII.Homework（作業(yè)）

導(dǎo)與練P92-94

2011年高考真題英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇—非謂語(yǔ)分類(lèi)匯編（全部）

注：全國(guó)卷I、全國(guó)卷II、北京、上海、山東、湖北、江西、江蘇、安徽、浙江、福建、四川、遼寧、天津、陜西、重慶、湖南（17省市卷，廣東卷沒(méi)有單項(xiàng)選擇）

1.(2011全國(guó)卷I)27.The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house.A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen

2.（2011全國(guó)卷II）15.The island, ______ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A.joining B.to join C.joined D.having joined

3.（2011全國(guó)卷II）18．Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ______nothing about the argument.A.says B: said C.to say D.saying

4.（2011北京卷）25.It’s important for the figures _________ regularly.A.to be updated B.to have been updated C.to update D.to have updated

5.（2011北京卷）33.Sit down, Emma.You will only make yourself more tired, ________ on your feet.A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have kept

6.(2011上海卷)27.It’s no use ____________ without taking action.A.complain B.complaining C.being complained D.to be complained 7.(2011上海卷)32.The rare fish, _____ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A.saved B.saving C.to be saved D.having saved

8.(2011上海卷)33.At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam.Then I changed my mind, ____ that he could do nothing to help.A.to realize B.realized C.realizing D.being realized

9.(2011上海卷)40.Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem _____ the art of communicating face-to-face.A.losing B.to be losing C.to be lost D.having lost

10.（2011山東卷）27.Look over there—there’s a very long, winding path______ up to the house.A.leading B.leads C.led D.to lead

11.（2011江西卷）32.On receiving a phone call from his wife _____ she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from office.A.says B.said C.saying D.to say

12.（2011江蘇卷）31.Recently a survey _____ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A.compared B.comparing C.compares D.being compared

13.（2011安徽卷）30.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _____ into small pieces.A.break B.breaking C.broken D.to break 14.（2011浙江卷）14.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words.A.lose B.lost C.to lose D.having lost

15.（2011浙江卷）19.If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ______ by their enthusiastic supporters.A.being cheered B.be cheered C.to be cheered D.were cheered 16.（2011福建卷）23.Tsinghua University, ____ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A.found B.founding C.founded D.to be founded

17.（2011福建卷）27.The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ____.A.held B.holding C.be held D.to hold

18.（2011四川卷）2.Lydia doesn’t feel like_____ abroad.Her parents are old.A.study B.studying C.studied D.to study

19.（2011四川卷）11.Simon made a big bamboo box _______ the little sick bird till it could fly.A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.to keep

20.（2011四川卷）16._________ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.A.Offer B.Offering C.Offered D.To offer

21.（2011遼寧卷）30.______ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A.Gather B.To gather C.Gathering D.To be gathering

22.（2011天津卷）7.Passengers are permitted _____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B.carrying C.to be carried D.being carried 23.（2011天津卷）12.______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A.Translating B.Translated C.To translate D.Having translated 24.（2011陜西卷）14.Claire had luggage _______ an hour before her plane left.A.check B.checking C.to check D.checked

25.（2011陜西卷）20.More highways have been built in China, ___________it much easier for people to travel form one place to another.A.making B.made C.to make D.having made

26.（2011重慶卷）29.More TV programs, according to government to officials, will be produced _______people’s concern over food safety.A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D.having raised

27.（2011重慶卷）33.Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ of his own dreams.A.reminding B.to remind C.reminded D.renmind

28.(2011湖南卷)21.The ability _____an idea is as important as the idea itself.A.expressing B.expressed C.to express D.to be expressed 29.(2011湖南卷)23.The players______from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A.selecting B.to select C.selected D.having selected

30.(2011湖南卷)29.Do you wake up every morning __________ energetic and ready to start a new day?

A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.felt

第五篇：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞教案

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高考英語(yǔ)翻譯題型的方法與技巧

一、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，把握句子主干部分。1.掌握各種從句

1.狀語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、方式狀語(yǔ)從句等，它的位置比較自由，可以在句首或是句末。以下是考題中的一些難點(diǎn)，也往往是學(xué)生最容易犯錯(cuò)的地方。

例1保護(hù)環(huán)境是每個(gè)公民的職責(zé)。(it?)(2002年上海春季)全句譯為：It is the duty of every citizen to protect our environment.這里it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是to protect our environment。It作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)在翻譯中是個(gè)難點(diǎn)。再如：正是你的幫助使得我們有可能在旅游的季節(jié)住到一個(gè)中國(guó)人的家里。It was your help that made it possible for us to stay with a Chinese family during the tourist season.這里用it作形式賓語(yǔ)即make it possible的句型。而整個(gè)句子又是為“It is/was?that?”的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式?？吹街形谋硎觥罢??”，往往可能用到強(qiáng)調(diào)句。

2.定語(yǔ)從句是用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞的。在中文中一般位于名詞或代詞前；而在英語(yǔ)中，緊隨名詞代詞之后。我們可以根據(jù)中文進(jìn)行判斷：限制性定語(yǔ)從句，中文中有“的”結(jié)構(gòu)；而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，則有“這指的是、這意味著”等總結(jié)上文的詞出現(xiàn)。

例2 這張照片讓我們想起了在夏令營(yíng)里度過(guò)的日子。(remind)（2000年上海高考）全句譯為: The picture reminds me of the days that were spent in the summer camp.該句中“在夏令營(yíng)里度過(guò)的日子”是一句定語(yǔ)從句。days在定語(yǔ)從句中是充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的，不是狀語(yǔ)，用that 或which，而不能用 when來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。

不管翻譯何種定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)都要注意：1）定語(yǔ)從句緊跟在先行詞后；2）先行詞不能重復(fù)在從句中出現(xiàn)；3）選擇正確的關(guān)系代詞和副詞。

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3.名詞性從句一般由that, whether, if以及疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞引導(dǎo)的。以疑問(wèn)代詞或副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句往往是考題中的難點(diǎn)。

例3我覺(jué)得便宜的物品未必質(zhì)量一定不好。(necessarily)全句譯為: I don’t think cheap articles are necessarily bad in quality.該句的中文似乎有些拗口，是個(gè)雙重否定。若完全按照字面上翻譯就成了I think cheap articles are not necessarily bad。但是，根據(jù)英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣，該句賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)否定在主句。所以，句子必須由I don’t think引導(dǎo)。

2.非謂語(yǔ)

1.動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞或不定式 2.伴隨狀語(yǔ)doing及having done的用法 3.It is saidreportedknown that...此外，在翻譯從句時(shí)要注意：

1）時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)主從一致； 2）從句中要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。3)there be句型 4)中文語(yǔ)序與英文倒裝

二、掌握課文短語(yǔ)，熟記短語(yǔ)搭配

在對(duì)短語(yǔ)的考核中，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的地位是不言而喻的。高考的短語(yǔ)，十有八九考的是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。

例1 充分利用時(shí)間并不意味著從早到晚不停地看書(shū)。(keep)（1999年上海高考）全句譯為：Making full use of time doesn’t mean keeping(on)reading books from morning till night.。

該題考核點(diǎn)為兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)：make full use of（充分利用）和keep(on)doing（不斷做某事）。如果考生掌握了這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)的話，寫(xiě)出翻譯句子便是水到渠成了。

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例2 過(guò)去我很害羞，但今年我下定決心要變得活躍，還要交一些朋友來(lái)分享我的快樂(lè)和悲傷。(determine)全句譯為: I used to be shy, but this year I’m determined to become active and make some friends to share my happiness and sadness/joys and sorrows.該題考核點(diǎn)為四個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)：used to do（過(guò)去常常做某事）, be determined to do（下定決心做某事）, make friends（交朋友）和happiness and sadness/joys and sorrows（快樂(lè)和悲傷）。

三、理解成語(yǔ)意義，直譯不如巧譯

從成語(yǔ)的實(shí)際意義入手，用意譯的方法，用英語(yǔ)把中文成語(yǔ)的意思表達(dá)出來(lái)。如“胸有成竹”不能直譯成“heart has bamboos”, 它是“很有自信”的意思，因此可以用“confident”來(lái)翻譯。“三言兩語(yǔ)”也不能翻成“three sentences and two words”, 它表示“用很少的言語(yǔ)”的意思，可以翻譯成“in a few words”。下面通過(guò)具體實(shí)例，進(jìn)一步體會(huì)以下意譯的妙處。

例1 請(qǐng)盡早作出決定，不然你會(huì)坐失良機(jī)。(or)（2003年上海高考）全句譯為：Please make up your mind/make your decision as early as possible, or you’ll miss the good/golden chance/opportunity.該句中“坐失良機(jī)”就是“失去好機(jī)會(huì)”的意思，千萬(wàn)不能翻譯成“sit to lose the chance”, 這樣的直譯會(huì)讓不少人感到莫名其妙。

例2 眾所周知，成功來(lái)自勤奮，不努力則一事無(wú)成。(without)（2000年上海高考）全句譯為：As we all know, success comes from hard work;without efforts nothing can be done.該句中要注意的是“一事無(wú)成”不能按照字面直譯成“a thing can’t be done”。

例3這部有關(guān)第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的歷史小說(shuō)引人入勝，我簡(jiǎn)直愛(ài)不釋手。（so?that?）（2003年上海高考）全句譯為: The historical novel about World War I is so attractive that I can’t stand parting with it.該句中的“引人入勝”和“愛(ài)不釋手”在英文里完全找不到對(duì)等的詞。首先要理解這兩個(gè)詞組的意義，“引人入勝”的意義實(shí)際上是“非常地吸引人”，要

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用到“attractive”這個(gè)詞?！皭?ài)不釋手”的意思為“非常喜歡，以至于不舍得把它放到一邊?！?/p>

由于英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)是兩種不同的語(yǔ)言，在結(jié)構(gòu)上有很大的差異，真正意義上的對(duì)等詞少而又少，所以做漢譯英時(shí)，往往要擺脫原句結(jié)構(gòu)的束縛，用符合英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣的句式來(lái)表達(dá)漢語(yǔ)的意思，不能字字對(duì)譯。

四、增加課外閱讀，積累俗語(yǔ)、諺語(yǔ)

1．如果成語(yǔ)、諺語(yǔ)和俗語(yǔ)的組成結(jié)構(gòu)中英文相差不大，可以用直譯的方法，但其中的用詞要符合英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣。

例1 許多外國(guó)游客都想要去長(zhǎng)城一游，他們知道不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。(visit)（2002年上海春季）全句譯為：Many foreign tourists want to visit the Great Wall.They know that he who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.在翻譯這個(gè)俗語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果把“好人”翻譯成“a good man”是不正確的。沒(méi)有去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城的人并不意味著不是“好人”。也不能翻譯成“a real man”,這樣就變成了沒(méi)有去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城的就不是“人”了。這里的“好漢”指的是頂天立地的男子漢，因此翻譯成“a true man”最為妥當(dāng)。

2．如果成語(yǔ)、諺語(yǔ)和俗語(yǔ)的組成結(jié)構(gòu)中英文相差很大，可以用意譯的方法。例2 他們應(yīng)該從這件事情中吸取教訓(xùn)：玩火者必自焚。(burn)（2001上海高考）全句譯為：They should learn a lesson from this incident: he who plays with fire will surely get burnt.這句句子中的玩火者不能翻譯成“fire player”, 把該句在理解的基礎(chǔ)上，在口語(yǔ)化一些，就可以通過(guò)意譯較好的把它的意思表達(dá)出來(lái)了。

因此要在這一類(lèi)俗語(yǔ)翻譯中取得高分，則一定要靠平時(shí)多積累。另外，同學(xué)們?nèi)f一在考試中碰到?jīng)]有見(jiàn)過(guò)的俗語(yǔ)和諺語(yǔ)，不必緊張，可采用意譯的方法，即在充分理解有關(guān)詞語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的寓意的基礎(chǔ)上，將詞語(yǔ)的意思轉(zhuǎn)譯成英語(yǔ)。