第一篇：語法系列復(fù)習(xí)專題十一-----狀語從句、常用動(dòng)詞及搭配(一)

語法系列復(fù)習(xí)專題十一-----狀語從句、常用動(dòng)詞及搭配

（一）狀語從句

狀語從句有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、方式、結(jié)果、條件、讓步等八種。

一、時(shí)間狀語從句：

引導(dǎo)詞有after，before，as，once，since，till，until，when，whenever，while，as soon as，the moment/minute?（一?就），the time,the day,every time,next time,each time，by the time of，no sooner?than（一?就），hardly?when（一?就）．例如：

Each/Every time he comes here,he will drop in on me.每次他來這兒他都順便看我．

He was ill last time I saw him.上次我見到他時(shí)他病了．

No sooner had she heard the news than she cried.她一聽到這個(gè)消息就哭了． [辨析]when與while when引導(dǎo)的從句動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的或短暫性的，while引導(dǎo)的從句中動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的；在“be?when?”句式中when表“at that time(就在這時(shí))”意，這樣用的when不能換為while；while有時(shí)并不表示時(shí)間，而表示對比，意“而”、“卻”，when無這樣的用法。例如：When I got home I found the door locked./While(或When)we were working in the fields,it suddenly began to rain./He was wandering through the streets when a bike hit him./His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.[辨析]till與until 一般情況下可以互換，但until可以位于句首，till則不能。例如：

Until it stops raining，the children can?t go out.雨停了，孩子們才能出去． ＝Not until the rain stops can the children go out.二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句

引導(dǎo)詞有where，wherever.例如：

I?ll go wherever the people want me to go.(wherever＝to any place where)He works where his grandfather fought.(where＝in the place where)Where there is a will,there is a way.(Where＝In the place where)

三、原因狀語從句

引導(dǎo)詞有because,since,as,now(that)(既然)回答以why提出的問題時(shí)，只能用because,而不能用as等。

since＝now(that),表“既然”意，表示已知的或明顯的原因，由此加以推論。例如：

Now that/Since you are free today,you may have a rest at home or go out for a walk.for 是一個(gè)并列連詞，用來連接兩個(gè)并列句，引導(dǎo)的句子是對前面一句話的內(nèi)容的推測或補(bǔ)充說明。例如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet./The day has broken,for the birds are singing.(這兩句中的for都不可換為because或as,since等。)

四、目的狀語

引導(dǎo)詞有so that,in order that,that,in case（免得，以防）。目的狀語從句謂語常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如：

He ran as fast as possible in order that he could catch the bus./Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget.請明天再提醒我一下，以免我忘記。

五、方式（或比較）狀語從句

引導(dǎo)詞有as,as if,as though,than,as/so?as,the more?the more.例如：

Tom is not so/as tall as John./It looks as if it is going to rain./He runs faster than I.注：as?as既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句，so?as只能用于否定句。

六、結(jié)果狀語從句

引導(dǎo)詞有so?that,such?that,so that.例如： 1.He works so hard that he makes great progress in his studies.2.It?s such a difficult problem that nobody can work it out.3.There?s not any noise here so that I feel very comfortable.第3個(gè)例句中so that從句不是目的狀語從句，從結(jié)構(gòu)上看沒有can,may等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從意思上看I feel very comfortalbe是There?s not any noise的結(jié)果．

七、條件狀語從句

引導(dǎo)詞有if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that,in case（如果）等，從句的時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（含現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)），一般過去時(shí)（含過去完成時(shí)）分別代替一般將來時(shí)和過去將來時(shí)。例如：

If it rains tomorrow,I won?t go there./He said he would not go back home unless he had achieved a lot./I?ll study so long as.I?m alive./In case he come,let me know.如果他來的話，告訴我一聲。

If 引導(dǎo)的條件句可以是真實(shí)性條件句，也可以是非真實(shí)性條件句（用于虛擬語氣）

八、讓步狀語從句

引導(dǎo)詞有though,although,even if,even though,as,whoever,whatever, however,no matter＋what/who/when/?等。例如：

Though/Although he is ill,he still goes to school./She started her experiment,even though she had little money./Whatever you found,you must turn it in./However hard he worked,he hardly made any progress.as 作“盡管”意時(shí)，一般將其句中的表語放在句首，例如：Young as he is,he knows a lot.＝Although he is young,he knows a lot.若表語為名詞，冠詞要省略，例如：

Child as/though he is,he has remembered a lot of English words.(此句中though不可換為although)although或though不能與but同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)復(fù)合句中，但是“Although/Though?，(and)yet?”句式卻是正確的。例如：

Although it is raining heavily,yet they are repairing the bridge.狀語從句考點(diǎn)分析

1.If you go to Xi?an,you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly.(上海高考)A.supposing B.supposed C.to suppose D.suppose 析：than后實(shí)際上是一個(gè)比較狀語從句的省略式，其完整形式是than they are commonly supposed.所以答案為B.2.We won?t give up we should fail ten times.(NMET)A.even if B.since C.whether D.until 析：觀察題干，空白處應(yīng)填一表“即使”之意的詞，故應(yīng)選A.3.－What was the party like? －Wonderful.It?s years I enjoyed myself so much.(NMET)A.after B.when C.before D.since

析：答話者既然說“Wonderful”,那么后面的話必然是對此作進(jìn)一步的補(bǔ)充說明，只有選Ｄ項(xiàng)才能表達(dá)“我多年未曾這么開心過了”意思。注意這兒的since從

句中謂語動(dòng)詞enjoyed是延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，該句相當(dāng)于I haven?t enjued myself so much for years.4.John plays football ,if not better than,David.(NMET)A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as 析：if not better than是插入語，可將其撇開，這時(shí)空白處要填as well as才

能與David相連接，D項(xiàng)在此不可用(so?as只能用于否定句)。A、C兩項(xiàng)皆少 as，故答案為B。

5.If we work with a strong will,we can overcome any difficulty, great it is.(NMET)A.what B.how C.however D.whatever 析：觀察題目，可知空白處要填一詞與great合表“無論多大”意。而however＝ no matter how,與great一起正好表此意，其余項(xiàng)都不能表這意思。故答案為 C。

6.Mother was worried because little Alice was ill,especially Father was away in France.(NMET)A.as B.that C.during D.if 析：首先可以排除C，因?yàn)閐uring是介詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句。B項(xiàng)that,Ｄ項(xiàng)if 都 不能引導(dǎo)原因狀語，故只能選A、as表“因?yàn)椤薄?/p>

7.She thought I was talking about her daughter, ,in fact I was talking about my danughter.A．whom B．where C．which D．while 析：空白處需填一個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比的連詞，while可表“而”、“卻”意，故答案為D.8.I admit his good points I can see his bad ones.A.when B.as C.while D.before 析：若選A、B或D，admit應(yīng)改為admitted，can應(yīng)改為could,因?yàn)閣hen,as 表示“當(dāng)?的時(shí)候”before表“在?之前”，通常涉及過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情

況．此題選C，while在此不表“當(dāng)?的時(shí)候”意，而表“雖然、盡管”意。全

句意思是“盡管我承認(rèn)他的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，我還是看到他的缺點(diǎn)”。

狀語從句專練

1.I get to Pairs,I?ll call you up at the airport.A.Since B.While C.Once D.Altough 2.the headmaster comes, we won?t discuss this plan.A.Unless B.If not C.Except D.Whether 3.Bill must have been away from the office.how many times I phoned him,nobody answered it.A.Whatever B.No matter C.In spite of D.Though 4.I had been to Beijing long you visited it.A.before B.till C.after D.when 5.,he is good at drawing.A.To be a child B.A child as he is C.As a child D.Child as he is 6.Don?t be discouraged you have fallen behind others.A.whether B.as if C.even if D.however 7.We can get there on time the car doesn?t break down.A.while B.as long as C.so that D.even if 8.The vase on the left is than the one on the right,and not.A.more nicer；so expensive B.much more better；as expensive C.nicer；as expensive D.better；such expensive 9.It wasn?t long he joined the job.A.that B.before C.until D.and 10.These planes can fly than the old ones.A.as fast three times B.three times as fast C.three times fast D.three times faster 11.had the bell rung the students took their seats.A.Hardly；when B.No sooner；when C.Hardly；than D.No sooner；then 12.many times，but he still couldn?t understand it.A.Having been told B.Though had been told C.He was told D.Having told 13.we have come,let?s stay and enjoy it.A.For B.As C.Because D.Since 14.You?d better do you are required.A.like B.which C.that D.as 15.that none of us could follow him.A.He spoke very fast B.So fast he spoke C.Too fast he spoke D.So fast did he speak 16.I?ll start early, it may be dark.A.however B.whether C.if D.though 17.the baby fell asleep the room.A.After；did the mother leave B.Not until；did the mother leave C.Not until；the mother left D.Soon after；the mother had left 18.the day went on,the weather got worse.A.With B.Since C.As D.While 19.He can?t have gone out, the light is still on.A.because B.since C.as D.for 20.I was walking along the river I heard a cry for help.A.while B.since C.when D.as 21.We shouldn?t do that dangerous experiment the teacher is with as.A.if not B.if C.unless D.as long as 22.He has little education he is unable to find a job.A.such；that B.so；and C.so；that D.such；and 23.The soldier was wounded，he pushed on.A.for B.and C.so D.yet 24.The full letter reads follows.A.like B.as C.that D.which 25.Will you go our motherland needs us most after graduation? A.that B.where C.in which D.to the place which 26.This is a revision paper.When you do it,you?d better make a mark you have questions.A.where B.the place C.as if D.since 27.Water power station are built big water falls.A.where there are B.where there have C.which has D.which are 28.I am sure I?ll meet kind－h(huán)earted man I go.A.where B.to the place where C.wherever D.the place 29.She is so good at playing table－tennis that she can hit the ball she wants it to go.A.the place where B.that C.in which D.where 30.It was his mother came in to prepare his lessons.A.not until；did the boy begin B.until；that the boy began C.until；did the boy begin D.not until；that the boy began

狀語從句專練答案：

1－5 C A B A D 6－10 C B C B D 11－15 A C D D D 16－20 D B C D C 21－25 C C D B B 26－30 A A C D D

常用動(dòng)詞搭配

（一）△含break詞組： 1.break away from 擺脫、逃掉、改掉、斷絕來往。

例：The little boy broke away from his mother and ran away.2.break down 損壞、身體衰弱。例：The car broke down.3.break in 闖入、插嘴。vi.例：Don?t break in when others are speaking.4.break into 闖入、打斷，突然開始。例：They broke into the house.5.break out 爆發(fā)、發(fā)生。例：A quarrel broke out between them.△含call詞組：

1.call for 叫（某人），接（某人），要求、需要。例：I?ll call for you tomorrow morning.2.call in 召集、召來。例：We?d better call in a doctor.3.call on/upon 訪問、探望（某人）、號召。例：I called on him yesterday.4.call at 訪問、探望（某處）。例：I hope to call at your office some day.5.call up 給?打電話、使人想起。例：The picture calls up scenes of my childhood.△含catch詞組

1.catch/take/get hold of 握、抓住。例：He caught hold of the pig?s ear.2.catch sight of＝see 看到、發(fā)現(xiàn)。例：The little girl cried as soon as she caught sight of her mother.3.catch up with 趕上。例：He tried to catch up with his classmates.△含come詞組

1.come along 一起來，來到、快點(diǎn)。例：Come along,or we?ll be late.2.come back 回來，恢復(fù)知覺、復(fù)活、被回憶起來。例：When he came back he found himeself tied to a tree.3.come down 下來，下降、跌價(jià)。例：I don?t think the price of meat will come down.4.come in 進(jìn)來。vi.5.come on/upon 快點(diǎn)、趕快、進(jìn)展、進(jìn)行、偶遇。

6.come out 出來、出版。例：The magazine comes out weekly.7.come to 到達(dá)、談到、涉及、合計(jì)、總計(jì)。

8.come up 走過來、走近、長出、發(fā)芽。例：The seeds hasn?t come up yet.△cost，spend，pay，take 1.cost 句型：sth.cost money/time；sth.cost sb.time/money/勞力

2.spend句型：表“花費(fèi)時(shí)”：sb.spend time/money on sth./(in/on)doing sth.表“度過時(shí)”：sb.spend time 等＋介詞＋場所、活動(dòng)等。例：We spent two hours in a pleasant talk yesterday.3.pay句型：pay sb.(money),pay(money)for sth, pay sb.for sth,sb.is paid 詞組：pay off 付清，pay back 歸還、償還、報(bào)答，pay attention to 注意 4.take句型：1)sth.takes time/money/energy 例：The journey will take two days.2)sth.takes time/money/energy to do 例：The work took us three hours to finish.3)It takes(sb.)time/money/energy to do sth.take詞組：

1)take?away.拿走、移動(dòng) 2)take back 收回、撤消 3)take care of 照顧、注意 4)take down 記下、寫下、取下 5)take off 脫去、起飛 6)take place 發(fā)生、舉行

7)take up 提出，從事，占（時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等）

例：take up a problem 提出一個(gè)問題，take up the struggle 從事斗爭，take up much room 占很多地方 8)take?out 取出、拿出

△含do 詞組

1.do some cleaning/washing/shopping/?打掃衛(wèi)生／洗東西／買東西／? 2.do one?s lessons/homework 做功課／做作業(yè) 3.do wrong 做壞事、犯罪

4.do sb.good/harm/wrong/a favour＝do good/harm/wrong/a favour for sb.對某人有益／有害／冤枉／幫忙 5.do away with 取消、廢除 6.do one?s best 盡力、努力

7.do well in 做得好，在?方面取得好成績

8.do with 對付、處理，與?相處。例：He is difficult to do with.他很難處。9.have sth.to do with 與?有關(guān)

10.do something/nothing 采取措施／未采取措施

第二篇：狀語從句語法講解

高中英語狀語從句

一、定義：

在句中作狀語的從句是狀語從句,修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等.狀語從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo),從屬連詞在句中不充當(dāng)句子成分,只起連接作用,狀語從句放在句首時(shí),要用逗號,放在句尾時(shí)不用.二、分類

根據(jù)意義上的不同,狀語從句可分為：①時(shí)間狀語從句 ②地點(diǎn)狀語從句 ③原因狀語從句④目的狀語從句 ⑤條件狀語從句 ⑥結(jié)果狀語從句⑦讓步狀語從句 ⑧方式狀語從句 ⑨比較狀語從句

三、時(shí)間狀語從句主句是一般將來時(shí),時(shí)間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來；主句是過去將來時(shí),從句用一般過去時(shí)表示過去將來時(shí)；主句是一般過去時(shí),從句用一般過去時(shí).記憶：“主將從現(xiàn)”

（一）引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的連詞有：As, when(whenever), before, after, as soon as, until(till), since, every time, once.（二）、具體應(yīng)用1）“while” 主、從句動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)同時(shí)發(fā)生.用while引導(dǎo)的從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,常表示較長的時(shí)間或一個(gè)過程.記憶：While 后用進(jìn)行時(shí).While we were having supper, all the lights went out.Please keep quiet while others are studying.While I was writing letters last night, he was watching TV.2）When表示“就在??的時(shí)候”, while意為反而,可是,表示轉(zhuǎn)折.One evening Beethoven was walking in a street, when he suddenly stopped outside a little house.3）Whenever 無論什么時(shí)候,隨時(shí)

1.Whenever someone throws in some rubbish, the truck produces a piece of music.每當(dāng)有人扔進(jìn)一些垃圾時(shí),它（汽車）就放一段音樂.2.Whenever we’re in trouble, they will help us.3.I go to the theatre, whenever I am free.4.Come and see me whenever you want to.你隨時(shí)來看我.4）till和until(表示“直到??”)句首多用until

1、在肯定句中表示“直到??為止”,主句謂語動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.I was waiting until/till he arrived.2、在否定句中表示“直到??才”主句謂語動(dòng)詞常用終止性動(dòng)詞,這時(shí)until和till常被before替換.I didn' t leave till/until she came back.5）since: 主句用完成時(shí),從句用一般過去時(shí),since引導(dǎo)的從句間或可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).It is two years since I have studied English.1.We have known each other since we were children.2.We have been friends(ever since)since we met at school.3.It is ??(一段時(shí)間)+since+一般過去時(shí)態(tài)句子.It is two years since my sister married.??(一段時(shí)間)have/has passed since +一般過去時(shí)態(tài)句子 Two sisters have/has passed since my sister married.Since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)

1.I have been at home since three o' clock this afternoon.2.Maria has been in China since two years ago.6）Every time, each time, next time Every time you get back at night, you drop your boots on the floor.Every time I catch cold, I have pain in my back.Next time I go there, I will visit them.7）once 一旦?就

Once you begin, you must go on.你一開了頭,就應(yīng)該繼續(xù)下去.四、地點(diǎn)狀語從句

地點(diǎn)狀語從句用where, wherever引導(dǎo)

We should go where the people need us.我們應(yīng)該去人民需要我們的地方.Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者,事竟成.Wherever they went, they received a worm welcome.無論他們走到哪兒都受到熱烈歡迎.She follow him whose he goes.他無論到哪里她總跟著.五、原因狀語從句

原因狀語從句用because(因?yàn)?,since(既然), as(由于)引導(dǎo)

1、字母由多到少,語氣由強(qiáng)到弱.2、由why提問必須用because回答.Since, as不回答why的提問,而且從句一般放在句首,because一般放在主句之后.3、before of +名詞

Because of the rain, we didn' t go to the park.4、because 和so不可連用,只能選其一.（另有although, but）Why didn' t he come to school? Because he was ill.Since I must die, I must.既然我一定要死,我一定這樣做.Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, Mr Smith wanted to give John a Chance.5、for并列連詞,不能放在句首,主要放在兩個(gè)并列句之間.For所提供的理由為一個(gè)補(bǔ)充說明,而且前面常有逗號隔開.The days we short, for it is December now.六、目的狀語從句 目的狀語從句用so(常用于口語), that, so that, in order that引導(dǎo)

目的狀語從句的謂語常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞.1.We'll sit never to the front so we can hear well.2.He studied hard so that he might succeed.3.I'll speak slowly so that you can take notes.4.They hurried to the station in order that they could catch the train.5.I took a taxi so that I could get there earlier.6.I’m going to the lecture early so that I may get a good seat.七、條件狀語從句

條件狀語從句由if, unless,(so)as long as(只需)引導(dǎo)

在條件狀語從句中要用一般時(shí)表示將來時(shí)（與時(shí)間狀語從句相同）

We will miss the train if you don' t hurry.He said we would miss the train if we didn't hurry.You will fail the exam unless you study hard.=(if you don’t study hard)He won’t come unless he is invited.=(if he isn't invited)Eat less food unless you want to become fatter.=(if you don’t want to become better)As long as you are not afraid of difficulties, you are sure to succeed.As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.八、結(jié)果狀語從句

結(jié)果狀語從句由such?that, so?.that, so that, that 引導(dǎo) 1.Such? that 的常用句型

such +a/an +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that such +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that Such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（不可數(shù)名詞）+that

注意so many(much, few, little)+名詞,such a lot of(或lots of)+名詞是慣用法,不可亂用.She is such a beautiful girl that we all like her.They were such beautiful flower that we bought home.It was such delicious food that they ate it up.2.so+形容詞或副詞+that so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that He is so rich that he can buy lot of things for himself.He works so hard that he did everything well.It was so hot a day that we all went swimming.It was such a good day that we all went swimming.3.so that, that都可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句

He didn't study hard,(so)that he failed the exam.4.Too?to, enough?to 可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句與so?that 替換,so?that結(jié)構(gòu)可以用too?to替換必須具備兩個(gè)條件,一是主句和結(jié)果狀語從句的主語必須一致,二是從句中的謂語部分必須含有can(could)not.She is young that she can’t go to school.She is too young to go to school.She isn't old enough to go to school.九、讓步狀語從句 although, though even though = even if, whether?or however = no matter how whatever = no matter what whoever = no matter who whenever = no matter when wherever = no matter where

*although和though都表示“雖然”只是although 更正式,多用于句首,而though用于句中,二者都可與yet, still連用,但不與but連用

Although/Though they are poor, they often help others.They are poor, but they often help others.Although he has failed many times, he doesn' t give up trying.Whatever/No matter what you say, I won' t believe you.No matter what you say, I don' t care.No matter who you are, you must obey the rules of our school.However hard he tried, he failed again.No matter what the weather is like, you can always find surfers out riding the waves.十、方式狀語從句

方式狀語從句由as(如同,按照),as if(though)引導(dǎo)

*as和like都有“像”的意思,as是連詞,后面連接句子,like是介詞后面可加名詞、代詞或名詞性短語.I did the work as others did.相當(dāng)于 I did like others.You must do as I do.as if(though)兩者意義相同,從句謂語動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語氣,但實(shí)現(xiàn)可能性較大,則用連接詞.It seems as if/though it’s going to rain.They are talking as if/though they were old friends.She treats me as if I were her brother.When you are in home,do as the Romans do.例 You must do ______ I told you.A.after B.before C.where D.as(D)The students must do ______ the teacher told them.A.as B.before C.after D.if(A)

十一、比較狀語從句

比較狀語從句由as?as, not as(so)?as, than, the+比較級,the+比較級引導(dǎo) He swims as well as you.(do)He doesn' t swim as well as you(do).He got here earlier than you.(did)The busier he is, the happier he feels.英語語法狀語從句類型綜述狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語.一般可分為九大類,分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較和方式.盡管種類較多,但由于狀語從句與漢語結(jié)構(gòu)和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它并不難.狀語從句的關(guān)鍵是要掌握引導(dǎo)不同狀語從句的常用連接詞和特殊的連接詞即考點(diǎn).現(xiàn)分別列舉如下: 1．時(shí)間狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner ? than, hardly ?when, scarcely ? when

I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果園)the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2．地點(diǎn)狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：where 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：wherever, anywhere, everywhere

Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3．原因狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：because, since, as, since

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, inasmuch as, insomuch as

My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.4．目的狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：so that, in order that

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that

The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.5．結(jié)果狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：so ? that, so? that, such ? that，特殊引導(dǎo)詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that，He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.6．條件狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：if, unless，特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that

We’ll start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7．讓步狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：though, although, even if, even though

特殊引導(dǎo)詞： as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝),while(一般用在句首),no matter ?, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.盡管我很尊敬他,我卻不同意他的建議.The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He won’t listen whatever you may say.8．比較狀語從句 常用引導(dǎo)詞：as(同級比較), than(不同程度的比較)

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the more ? the more ?;just as ?, so?;A is to B what /as X is to Y;no ? more than;not A so much as B

She is as bad-tempered as her mother.The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人,猶如油之于機(jī)器.9．方式狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：as, as if, how

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the way

When in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.英語語法狀語從句

第三篇：狀語從句 高三 復(fù)習(xí)

狀語從句

考點(diǎn)一：時(shí)間狀語從句

A.when, while, as

1.___________i was walking down the street, i noticed a police car in front of the store.2._______________john arrived, i was cooking lunch.3._________he grew older, he lost his interest in everything except gardening.4.We will stand up__________the teacher comes in.5.I was wandering through the street ___________i caught sight of a tailor's shop.Conclusion:

1.when +持續(xù)/短暫動(dòng)作，可與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或先于主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生

2.While+持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，側(cè)重主從句動(dòng)詞的對比

3.As表主從句動(dòng)作交替或同時(shí)完成，意為：一邊。。一邊。。；隨著

B.When

when的重要句型：

a.He was about to go to bed _______the doorbell rang.b.They were watching the World Cup ________ suddenly the lights went out.c.They had just arrived home _______ it began torain.d.He had worked in a factory _______ a letter arrived saying he was admitted to a key university.e.on the point of doing ?when

when 的其他含義：考慮到，既然；雖然，然而，可是

Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already?

_____________________________________________________________________________ He walks when he might take a taxi._________________________________________________ How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?_____________________________

C.while

Strike while the iron is hot._______________

She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper.While 的其他含義： 而；雖然 ’t agree with you.______________________

D.before和since

It was+時(shí)間段+before +一般過去時(shí)

It will be+時(shí)間段+before +一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

It will not be long before you regret what you have done._______________________________ It was some time before he realized the truth.______________________________________ 五年以后我們才能再見。__________________________________

The war last three years _________ it finally ended.Three years passed __________ I finally realized my mistake.注意：before 從句往往帶有否定的含義，常譯為：還沒等到?.就?.；還沒來得及?就??趁著還沒??就??。作此意時(shí)，從句中常見情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/ could。試譯：

1.He ran off before I could stop him._________________________________________________

2.The man hung up the phone before I could answer it.___________________________________

3.He almost knocked me down before he saw me.______________________________________

4.Before I could get in a word, he measured me.________________________________________

5.I’ll water the flowers before it gets dark.____________________________________________

6.Be a pupil before you become a teacher._____________________________________________ since表“自從??”。其主句多為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句多為一般過去時(shí)。since的句型：It is/has been +時(shí)間段+ since從句。若從句謂語為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表“自從??有多久”；若從句謂語為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則表“自從結(jié)束/完成??起有多久”。

It is three years since the war broke out.___________________________________________

I have written home four times since I came here.___________________________________

It is three years since she was in our class._________________________________________

比較：

1.It is three years________ the war broke out.2.It was three years ago_____ the war broke out.3.It was 1919_____ the was broke out.4.It was three years ______ the war came to an end.5.It is three years ________i smoked a cigar.E.until/not until

1.till不可置于句首_____you told me, i had no idea of it.2.肯定句：主句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的肯定式，意為某動(dòng)作一致延續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止。

否定句：主句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，意為某動(dòng)作直到某時(shí)間才開始。

翻譯：

你可以在這里待到雨停。__________________________________________________________ 直到他告訴我我才知道了事實(shí)真相。________________________________________________

3.not...until 的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝

I didn't leave until she came back.強(qiáng)調(diào)句_________________________________________________________________________ 倒裝句_________________________________________________________________________ F.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment,the minute,the instant,no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...(一??就??)，once(一旦），every time, next time, any time

我一聽到說話聲，就知道父親來了。（The moment）_________________________________

我們剛到車站，火車就離站了。(no sooner...than)__________________________________那男孩一見到他媽媽便放聲大哭.(immediately)_______________________________________ 考點(diǎn)二：地點(diǎn)狀語從句

where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句和定語從句：

1.When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful ___ you made a mistake.2.Bamboo grows best _________ it's wet and rainy.3.Bamboo grows best in places _________it's wet and rainy.4..Can you tell me the office_________he works?

5.________ I live, there are plenty of trees.6Wuhan lies ________ the Yangtze and the Han River meet.7.Sales director is a position _______communication ability is just as important as sales skills.8.________ there is a will, there is a way.9.I found my books ____________I had left them.10.Keep it __________you can see it.11.He lives __________the climate is mild.Where

where, wherever,anywhere和everywhere

Wherever you go, you should do your work well.You may sit down wherever you like.Everywhere I go, I find the same thing.I’ll take you anywhere you like.考點(diǎn)三：原因狀語從句

because,since, now that, as , in that,considering that,seeing that , given(that)，in view of the fact that

A.as／because／since 的區(qū)別

Because主句前后直接因果關(guān)系語氣強(qiáng)能回答why能被強(qiáng)調(diào) As主句前后雙方都知道的原因語氣弱不能回答why不能 Since/now that主句前雙方都知道的原因語氣弱不能回答why不能 _________________everybody is here, let's begin our meeting.It was ________he was ill that he didn't show up today.Why do you go to there? _________ I want to get my book

B.鑒于（事實(shí)），考慮到?

Seeing that quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quitegood job.Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her.考點(diǎn)五：結(jié)果狀語

so...that , such?that

They had ______ a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house．

He spoke for _______ a long time that people began to fall asleep．

The snow fell ______ fast that our footsteps were soon covered up．

His speech went on for _____long that people began to fall asleep．

Their dog was ________fierce that no one dared come near it．

______ many people complained that they took the programme off．

There was _______ much dust that we couldn’t see what was happening．

倒裝

So excited _____________that she could not say a word.So loudly _______________（speak)that even the people in the next room could hear him.Such a lovely girl ____________ that we all live him.考點(diǎn)六：條件狀語從句

if, unless, so/ as long as, on condition that, provided/providing that,in case（萬一）, suppose, /supposing

1.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______________accompanied by an adult.(2010山東高考)

2.—Our holiday cost a lot of money.—Did it? Well, that doesn't matter _____________ you enjoyed yourselves.(2010江西高考)

3.You can go swimming ___________________ you don't go too far from the river bank.4.____________________ an earthquake happens, what should we do?

考點(diǎn)七： 方式狀語從句as, as if, as though

1.The house was greatly damaged by the truck.We'd better leave things _____ they are until the

police arrive.2.He acted_________nothing had happened.3.I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, ________do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.(2009天津高考)

4.The teacher treats the pupil as if __________________(他是她的孩子）

比較：She looks as if she is ill._________________________________________

5.Do in Rome as the Romans do.6.Leave things as they are.考點(diǎn)八：讓步狀語從句

although, though,(as), while ,whether...or..., however, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, whenever, wherever, whether（是否）, no matter(who, what, etc), even if, even though

1.________________the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.(2009湖南高考)

2.__________________serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.(2010上海高考)

3.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _____________they have the interest.(2010安徽高考)

4.All the nations should be equal, _____________they are strong ________ not.5.Do it____________________others say.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，常見的幾種倒裝方式：

不及物動(dòng)詞＋副詞Hard as you may try, you will not succeed.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋不及物動(dòng)詞Wait as you may, he will not see you.系動(dòng)詞＋單數(shù)名詞Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong.考點(diǎn)九：目的狀語

so that, in order that,in case that, for fear of /that

1.We got up early ___________we would arrive in time.2.Betty saved money_____________ buy a portable computer.3.I didn't tell him about our meeting __________ upsetting her.考點(diǎn)十：時(shí)態(tài)

You’ll be back soon．I’ll stay till then．=I’ll stay till you _________back．

The parachutist is going to jump．Soon after he jumps his parachute _______（open）．When he ______________(arrive), he’ll tell us all about the match．

Before he ________(arrive)I’ll give the children their tea．

While they__________(play)tennis this afternoon,we’ll go to the beach．

The moment／As soon as I have finished I’ll give you a call．

We knew that he _________________(arrive)t about six．

We knew that till he __________(arrive)nothing would be done．

They_________(move)house twice since they got married．

It’s ages since I sailed a boat．________________________

The performance_______________(begin)when the lights went out．演出剛開始就停電了。倒裝：_______________________________________________________________

他錢一掙到手，就花光了(immediately)________________________________

The sooner we______________(start)，the sooner we________(be)there．

我們動(dòng)身得越早，到那兒就越早。

第四篇：狀語及狀語從句解析

狀語(adverbial)是句子的重要修飾成分。狀語是謂語里的另一個(gè)附加成分，它附加在謂語中心語的前面，從情況、時(shí)間、處所、方式、條件、對象、肯定、否定、范圍和程度等方面對謂語中心進(jìn)行修飾或限制。在英語中，狀語修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等的句子成分。

狀語的功用：狀語說明地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等。

狀語一般由副詞、介詞短語、分詞和分詞短語、不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語來擔(dān)當(dāng)。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。

副詞是一種用來修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞,副詞或全句的詞,說明時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),程度,方式等概念。1.副詞一般在句子中做狀語．

He speaks English very well.他英語說得非常好.中的very是程度副詞，用來修飾well。very well是修飾speak的程度狀語。

2.不定式在句子中可以作目的狀語。I come specially to see you.我專門來看你.3.介詞短語

Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.十年前,她開始住在大連。

The boy was praised for his bravery.4.從句作狀語

When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.5.分詞作狀語

Having had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad temper。

Inhibited in one direction, it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take another.狀語簡介

概述

狀語與定語相同的地方是,都是前者附加成分;不同的地方是,它是謂語里的附加成分,而定語是主語或賓語里的附加成分.從句子的層次上看,狀語是在第二個(gè)層次和第三個(gè)層次里的成分,有時(shí)甚至是更低層次的成分.狀語的構(gòu)成

狀語的構(gòu)成經(jīng)常充當(dāng)狀語的有形容詞,副詞,時(shí)間處所名詞,能愿動(dòng)詞,指示代詞,以及方位短語,介詞短語,動(dòng)賓短語,謂詞性聯(lián)合短語,謂詞性偏正短語,謂詞性主謂短語等.含有動(dòng)量詞的數(shù)量短語以及重疊式的數(shù)量短語(不論動(dòng)量,物量)也可以充當(dāng)狀語.此外,少數(shù)名詞帶上表比況的助詞也可以作狀語.狀語的書面標(biāo)志——“地”

狀語的書面標(biāo)志是結(jié)構(gòu)助詞“地”.狀語后面帶或者是不帶“地”,情況比較復(fù)雜.一般講來,數(shù)量短語,主謂短語,動(dòng)賓短語等作狀語時(shí),大都帶“地”;而介詞短語,方位短語,能愿動(dòng)詞,時(shí)間處所名詞作狀語時(shí)不能帶“地”,副詞,單音節(jié)形容詞作狀語一般也不帶“地”.多層狀語

如果一個(gè)中心語前面有好幾個(gè)狀語(多層狀語),那就應(yīng)當(dāng)注意它們的語序.多層狀語的狀語個(gè)數(shù)一般比多層定語的定語個(gè)數(shù)要少些,其語序也比多層定語的語序要靈活一些.多層狀語的一般語序: a.表時(shí)間的名詞或方位短語,介詞短語;b.副詞.c.表處所的介詞短語或名詞,方位短語;d.表情態(tài)的形容詞或謂詞短語;e.表對象的介詞短語.其中副詞的位置較為靈活,也可放置在第三項(xiàng)之后.一般狀語和句首狀語

狀語在句子中有兩種位置:一種是在主語之后,謂語中心之前,如上文所舉各例,這是狀語的一般位置;另一種是放在主語的前面的,這是狀語的特殊位置,這種狀語可稱“句首狀語”.狀語的分類

狀語按其修飾的功能不同可分為八大類：

時(shí)間狀語，地點(diǎn)狀語，條件狀語，原因狀語，目的狀語，結(jié)果狀語，讓步狀語和比較狀語

時(shí)間狀語從句

要點(diǎn): 時(shí)間狀語從句，由以下連詞引導(dǎo)： when，while，as，after，before，as soon as，since，till /until by the time 在時(shí)間狀語從句中，要注意時(shí)態(tài)一致。一般情況下主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

1.when當(dāng).....的時(shí)候

Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.2.while當(dāng).....時(shí)

He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.3.as在.....的同時(shí)；一邊....一邊.....He smiled as he stood up.4.after在....之后

He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.5.before 在......之前

Mr.Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.6.as soon as 一.....就（scarcely/hardly...when,no sooner than,the minute/moment,on/upon,directly等等）

We began to work as soon as we got there.I will write to you as soon as I get home.7.since 自......以來到現(xiàn)在

表示自過去的一個(gè)起點(diǎn)時(shí)間到目前(說話時(shí)間)為止的一段持續(xù)時(shí)間。主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。

Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.(還可以用作介詞，本句從句還可以用短語：since three years ago(自三年前以來)表示。)8 till /until 都可以作連詞，連接時(shí)間狀語，也可以作介詞，與其它詞構(gòu)成介詞短語，在句中作狀語。They walked till /until it was dark.Xiao Ming didn’t leave home till / until his father came back.9.by the time 到......為止(所在句子的主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在或過去完成時(shí))By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.By the time I got to school, the class had already began.一.由when, while, as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。例如：

When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.當(dāng)你以為自己一無所知的時(shí)候，你就是在開始知道一些事物了。

When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everything with it.當(dāng)真理被埋在地下的時(shí)候，它在生長，它感到壓抑，它蓄存著這么一種爆炸性力量，一旦冒出，它就會炸破一切！

Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。

Will you watch my clothes while I have a swim.我游泳的時(shí)候，請你照看一下我的衣服。

You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it.當(dāng)你的手在空氣中揮動(dòng)的時(shí)候，你就能感覺到空氣在流動(dòng)。

Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.我們的校長邊談邊笑。a.when, while和as的區(qū)別

when引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，又可以是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞。并且when有時(shí)表示“就在那時(shí)”。When she came in, I was eating.(瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞)When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.（延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞）

While引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動(dòng)作必須是延續(xù)性的，并強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生（或者相對應(yīng)）。并且while有時(shí)還可以表示對比。例如： While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.(was reading是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，was reading和was watching同時(shí)發(fā)生)I like playing football while you like playing basketball.（對比）

b, As表示“一邊??一邊”，as引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作，一般用于主句和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；as也可以強(qiáng)調(diào)“一先一后。例如：We always sing as we walk.（as表示“一邊??一邊”）As we was going out, it began to snow.（as強(qiáng)調(diào)句中兩個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著先后發(fā)生，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)開始下雪的特定時(shí)間）

c, as when while的辨析

as when while都表示主、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，三者差異如下： 表示“一邊。。一邊“的意思

as 強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，并表示對比時(shí) 用于發(fā)生時(shí)間較段時(shí) d when

1、還可以表示從句動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作在主幾句動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作”之前 “或”之后“發(fā)生。

2、when=and then;at that moment(正在那個(gè)時(shí)候)3.常用于常見搭配中 e while

1、用于時(shí)間較長時(shí)

2、強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，并表示對比時(shí) 有時(shí)這三個(gè)連詞可以互換，有時(shí)不可以。

lt was raining hard when(as)I got there.(動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，when可換為as, 但不能換為while，因?yàn)間et是點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞.)When I had read the article, he called me.(從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之前，注意時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)，只能用when)When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.(從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之后，只能用when,并要注意時(shí)態(tài))He was about to leave, when the telephone rang.(此時(shí)不能放在句首。主句動(dòng)詞一般表達(dá) “正在” “即將”.while, as不能代替

She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.(表轉(zhuǎn)折，對比，when, as都不能代替它)While the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.(表示主句，從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，while后引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)動(dòng)詞不能是點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)樗硎据^長時(shí)間)Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as(when/ while)father was away.(此時(shí)as ,when, while可通用)二.由before和after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。

注意before引導(dǎo)的從句不再用否定式的謂語，并且當(dāng)before引導(dǎo)的從句位于主句之后，有時(shí)譯成“就，才”。還要注意主句和從句之間的時(shí)間關(guān)系。當(dāng)主句用將來時(shí)，從句總是用現(xiàn)在時(shí)；如果before引導(dǎo)的從句謂語用的是過去時(shí)，則主句動(dòng)詞多用過去完成時(shí)，這樣以便體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后。After表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后。主句和從句的動(dòng)作的時(shí)間關(guān)系正好與before引導(dǎo)的從句相反。例如：

It will be four days before they come back.Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.They had not been married four months before they were divorced.After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.After we had finished the work, we went home.（從句用過去完成時(shí)，主句用一般過去時(shí)）

三.由till或until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。

till和until一般情況下兩者可以互換，但是在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的意思不同。例如：

I didn't go to bed until（till）my father came back.直到我父親回來我才上床睡覺。It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.直到散會之后他才開始教我英語。

I worked until he came back.我工作到他回來為止。I didn't work until he came back.他回來我這才開始工作。Please wait until I arrived.在我到達(dá)之前請等我。四.由since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。

since引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，又可以是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞。一般情況下，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)，而主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。但在It is +時(shí)間+since從句的句型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：

I have been in Beijing since you left.Where have you been since I last saw you?

It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我們老板離開北京有五個(gè)月了。五 知識擴(kuò)展

1.It is since從。。以來多長時(shí)間了(因?yàn)閟ince +從句或名詞，表示一段時(shí)間)It is five years since we met last time.從我們上次見面已經(jīng)五年了。2.It is +before?(。。才)It was a long time before I went to sleep again.It was an hour before(=until)the police arrived.3.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。這些連詞都表示“一??就”。例如：

I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.吃完早飯，我立即到那里去。The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一聽到消息，馬上趕到了出事地點(diǎn)。

As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就給你來電話?！咀⒁狻縣ardly(scarcely, rarely)?when / before, no sooner?than相當(dāng)于as soon as之意。主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。當(dāng)hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首時(shí)，主句應(yīng)用倒裝語序。例如：

He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.他剛到家，就被邀請開始另一旅程。

No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太陽剛從地平線上升起，他就起床勞動(dòng)去了。

Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我剛坐下，他就進(jìn)來了。

He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder.這個(gè)阿拉伯人剛要入睡就感到肩膀上被輕輕一觸。

六.由by the time引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。

注意時(shí)態(tài)的變化：在一般情況下，如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)；如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用將來完成時(shí)。例如： By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回來時(shí)，我已經(jīng)寫完這本書了。

By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work.你明天來這兒的時(shí)候，我將已經(jīng)完成此工作了。

七 由each time, every time和whenever引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。例如：

Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me.他每次來哈爾濱，總是來看我。Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.每當(dāng)那個(gè)人說“說實(shí)在話”的時(shí)候，我猜想他就要說謊了。

You grow younger every time I see you.每次遇到你，見你更年輕了。

八.由as long as和so long as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。這兩個(gè)連詞表示“有多久??就多久”。例如：

You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark.你可以隨意到哪里去，只要在天黑以前回來就行。

I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body!只要我一息尚存，我就要反對這種境況。

地點(diǎn)狀語從句

一 地點(diǎn)狀語從句(adverbial clause of place)地點(diǎn)狀語從句一般由連接副詞where, wherever等引導(dǎo)，已經(jīng)形成了固定的句型，要點(diǎn): 由連詞where和復(fù)合關(guān)系詞wherever(=no matter where)引導(dǎo).例如：

句型1：Where+地點(diǎn)從句，（there）+主句。

【注意】此句型通常譯成“哪里??哪里就??”；主句在從句后面時(shí)，there可用可不用；如果主句在從句的前面時(shí)，一般都不用there。例如：

Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在沒有雨水的地方，耕作是困難的，或根本不可能的。

They were good persons.Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.他們都是好人。因此他們走到哪里都受到熱烈歡迎。

You should have put the book where you found it.你本來應(yīng)該把書放回原來的地方。Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中國共產(chǎn)黨，哪里人民得解放。

句型2：Anywhere/ wherever+地點(diǎn)從句，+主句。

【注意】anywhere本身是個(gè)副詞，但是，?？梢砸龑?dǎo)從句，相當(dāng)于連詞，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是個(gè)連詞，表示“在何處，無論何處”。例如：

Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海員。二 知識擴(kuò)展

1.Where there is a will , there is a way.有志者事竟成。(諺語)1.It will be mixed school where not all the children are disabled.他將是一所混合式學(xué)校，那里的兒童并不都是殘疾。(在限定性定語從句中對先行詞起著限定作用。)2.Wherever you go , I go too.無論你到什么地方，我都去。(wherever=no matter where)無論何處，多用于句首。3.Wherever there is smoke , there is fire.無風(fēng)不起浪。(諺語)4.While she was wondering where to go , she met a policeman.疑問副詞where后跟不定式,構(gòu)成不定式短語.條件狀語從句

要點(diǎn)： 表示狀語從句由連詞if, unless(=if not)意思為除非引導(dǎo)。(讓步)1.If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.如果明天不下雨, 我們就去遠(yuǎn)足.2.You will get good grades if you study hard.如果你努力學(xué)習(xí),就會取得好成績.3.I won't/ will not go to the party unless he goes there too.我不會去參加聚會的, 除非他也去.(如果他不去,我也不去.)4.You will be late unless you leave immediately.如果你不馬上走,你將會遲到的.(=If you don’t leave immediately, you will be late.)難點(diǎn)提示：用條件狀語從句時(shí)要注意時(shí)態(tài)的正確使用,當(dāng)主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).lHe will not leave if it isn’t fine tomorrow.一般將來時(shí)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

lThey are going to have a picnic if it doesn’t rain next week.一般將來時(shí), 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 原因狀語從句

要點(diǎn): 由連詞because, since, as引導(dǎo), 也可由for, now that 等詞引導(dǎo) 目的、結(jié)果狀語從句

要點(diǎn)： 目的狀語從句由連詞that, so that, so?that , in order that 引導(dǎo)。結(jié)果狀語從句由連詞(so)that, so?that, such?that, so much/many?that引導(dǎo)。1.so?that 如此?以至于 2.so that 以至于, 以便于

I opened the window so that fresh air might come in.(目的)我把窗戶打開以便于使新鮮空氣可以進(jìn)來。3.such?that 如此。。以至

It’s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.天氣是如此的好，我們大家都想去公園玩。4.in order that=so that:為了

We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make your arrangements.不久我們將會讓你知道詳情,以便你們能夠做出安排。(目的)5.比較：so和 such 其規(guī)律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so 是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many, few, much, little連用，形成固定搭配。

so foolish such a fool so nice a flower such a nice flower so many / few flowers such nice flowers so much / little money.such rapid progress so many people such a lot of people（so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當(dāng)于 many，但 a lot of 為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。）

so?that與such?that之間的轉(zhuǎn)換既為 so與such之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school 難點(diǎn)

+形容詞或副詞 +形+a(an)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

so +many 或few+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 +that +much或 little+不可數(shù)名詞

so that ,such?that 都可以in order that兩者皆可引導(dǎo)目的地狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句，當(dāng)他們引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時(shí)，從句的謂語里常常有can, could, may, might, will, would等次。

so +adj或adv.+ that，such +n.+ that 以上兩種句型都表示結(jié)果,其中so為副詞,后接形容詞，副詞原型，當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞前有many, few；不可數(shù)名詞前有much, little修飾時(shí)，應(yīng)采用句型：so many(few, much, little)+n.。such為形容詞, 后只能接名詞。這名詞既可以地可數(shù)的，也可以是不可數(shù)的。如果這名詞是可數(shù)的,則必須在名詞前加不定冠詞a(an).常見的形式是:such a(beautiful)garden, such(nice)people.1。I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over.2。there are so few notebooks that I can’t give you any.3。It is such nice weather that I’d like to take a walk.4。Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him.(=Mike is such an honest man that we all believe him.)5。The weather is so nice that I’d like to take a walk.讓步狀語從句

要點(diǎn): 表示讓步的狀語從句由連詞 though, although引導(dǎo).難點(diǎn)：

though, although當(dāng)雖然講, 都不能和but連用.Although,(though)?but的格式是不對的.但是他們都可以同yet(still)連用.所以thought(although)?yet(still)的格式是正確的.Wrong: Although he is rich but he is not happy.Right : Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.雖然他很富有, 然而他并不快樂.although, though 辨析

although 不能though 那樣用作副詞, 放在句末表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)要用even though.1。He is looking fit, though.2。Even though I did not understand a word, I kept smiling.3。He is quite experienced, he is young, though.2)as, though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句

as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須表語或狀語提前（形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）。

Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.【注意】a.句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。

b.句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語和狀語，隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語之前。

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems? 雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人意。c ever if, even though.即使

We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.d whether?or-不管??都

Whether you believe it or not, it is true.e ”no matter +疑問詞“ 或”疑問詞+后綴ever“ No matter what happened, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind.替換：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however 注意：no matter 不能引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句。（錯(cuò)）No matter what you say is of no use now.（對）Whatever you say is of no use now.你現(xiàn)在說什么也沒用了。(Whatever you say是主語從句)（錯(cuò)）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they’re given,（對）Prisoners have to eat whatever they’re given.囚犯們只能給什么吃什么。比較狀語從句

要點(diǎn)：比較狀語從句主要運(yùn)用于形容詞和副詞的原級，比較級及最高級的句子之中。原級

1.as?as 和。。一樣 Jack is as tall as Bob.捷克和湯姆一樣高。2.not so(as)?as ?和不一樣

She is not so(as)outgoing as her sister.她不如她姐姐外向。比較級

more?than(更)This book is more instructive than that one.這本書比那本書由教育意義。最高級

1.The most?in/of This book is the most interesting of the three.這本書是三本中最有趣的。2.the + 形容詞+est?of/in This road is the busiest street in our city.知識擴(kuò)展

no more than只不過(嫌少的意思)1。I have no more than two pens.2。It’s no more than a mile to the shops.not more than不如。。；(前者不如后者)1。Jack is not more diligent than John.2。one of the + 名詞(復(fù)數(shù))?.之一(用于最高級)She is one of the best students in our school.方式狀語從句

1）方式狀語從句通常由as,(just)as?so?, as if, as though引導(dǎo)。

as,(just)as?so?引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as?so?結(jié)構(gòu)中位于句首，這時(shí)as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是”正如?“，”就像“，多用于正式文體，例如：

1。Always do to the others as you would be done by.2。As water is to fish, so air is to man.3。Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.2）as if, as though 兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實(shí)相反，有時(shí)也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實(shí)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作”仿佛??似的“，”好像??似的"，例如：

1。They completely ignore these facts as if(as though)they never existed.2。He looks as if(as though)he had been hit by lighting.3。It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.[說明]as if / as though也可以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)分詞短語、不定式短語或無動(dòng)詞短語，例如： 1。He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.2。He cleared his throat as if to say something.3。The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.

第五篇：小升初語法一be動(dòng)詞講解及練習(xí)

只做最專業(yè)的教育！

小升初英語語法

（一）———BE動(dòng)詞

be動(dòng)詞用法歌：

I用am, you用are，is用于他（he)，她(she)，它(it)。

單數(shù)名詞用is，復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。變否定，更容易，be后not莫忘記。疑問否定任你變，句首大寫莫遲疑。變疑問，往前提，句末問號莫丟棄。

一、在下面的短文中填上恰當(dāng)be動(dòng)詞。

I ______ a girl.My name _______ Mary.I ______ 12 years old.Here ______ my family photo.Look!These ______ my parents and those _______ my grandparents.This boy ______ my brother.He ________ 15 years old now.That ______ my cat, Mimi.It ______ very lovely.二、在下面的題目中填上恰當(dāng)?shù)腂e動(dòng)詞。1.I ________ Kitty.2.She _______ a student.3.Jane and Tom _________my friends.4.My sisters _______ tall.5._______ there a table in the room? 6.There _____ some glasses on it.7.There ________many monkeys in the zoo.8.There_________ a beautiful rainbow in the sky.9.I _______ at school now.10.We ________ students.11.They ________ in the zoo.12.Yang Ling ________ ten years old.13.There ________ an apple on the plate.14.There ________ some milk in the glass 15.The cat _______ on the chair.16.There _________some water in the glass.17.There __________ some bread on the table.18.Where ________ your friends? 29.How old __________ you? 練習(xí):

一、用am, is, are 填空 1)I _____ a student.只做最專業(yè)的教育！

2)You ____ a doctor.3)____she Kitty?

4)_____ you Chinese? 5)He _____ in Shanghai.6)It_____ a car.7)They ____ cars

8)____ your mother in the room? 9)_____your friends in the room? 10)What ____ your name?

11)These _____ buses.12)Those _____oranges.13)Where _____ your mother? 14)How old _____ your sister? 15)Where _____ you ? 照樣子改寫句子

例題：1.I __am___ a boy.__Are_ you a boy? No, I _am__ not.2.The girl______ Jack’s sister.3.The dog _______ tall and fat.4.Miss Zhang _______ a teacher.5.______ your brother in the classroom? 6.She ______ at home.7.How _______ your father? 8.Mike and Kitty ______ in the zoo.9.This______ my dress.10.They _____ nice flowers.11.That ______ my red skirt.12.The books ______ on the desk.13.Here ______ a card for you.14.Here ______ some sweaters for you.15.Who ______ I? 16.Who ______ you? 17.Who ______ she? 18.Who ______ Peter?