第一篇：2014八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)M8-M10語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案

2014外研版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)M8-M10語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案

--、-賓語(yǔ)從句(在句中作賓語(yǔ)的句子)引導(dǎo)詞：that +陳述句whether/if + 一般疑問句

三要素疑問詞引起特殊疑問句語(yǔ)序： 陳述句語(yǔ)序（主語(yǔ)在前謂語(yǔ)在后）

時(shí)態(tài)：主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)需要用任何時(shí)態(tài)

主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)

賓語(yǔ)從句表述客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言格言等，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)不變

注意：1.whether和if一般情況下可以互換使用，但下列情況只能使用whether,不能使用if。

①賓語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)or not時(shí)，構(gòu)成whether?or not的結(jié)構(gòu)。有時(shí)也可以連用，構(gòu)成whether or not。如：I’m not sure whether or not his answer is right.我不確定他的答案是否正確。

②引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句（即在介詞后面時(shí)）

如：I am thinking about whether we should go to the movies.我們正在考慮是否應(yīng)該去看電影。

③在帶有to的不定式前面如：I can’t decide whether to go or stay.我決定不了是走還是留。

2.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think, believe, imagine, expec，hope等，且主句主語(yǔ)是第一人稱，主句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，對(duì)從句的否定通常轉(zhuǎn)移到主語(yǔ)上來(lái)，稱為“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”。

I think that you are right.----I don’t think you are right.3.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是that引導(dǎo)的并列的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上句子，只有第一個(gè)that可以省略。

4.做題技巧

1）時(shí)態(tài)題，先看從句后看主句(兩步缺一不可)2）語(yǔ)序題 所有賓語(yǔ)從句都是主語(yǔ)在前謂語(yǔ)在后（含有疑問詞的疑問詞位置不變）whether/if及疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中一定不能出現(xiàn)do,does, did,如果有就是錯(cuò)的 如：He told us that heDfor Beijing tomorrow.A.leftB.leavesC.will leaveD.would leave

Let me tell you ____C_____.A.how much is the carB.how much does the car costC.how much I paid for the car

二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

1.定義：表示過去動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響； 或者過去的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。2.結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+ have/has +過去分詞

3.標(biāo)志詞：ever, never, once, twice, several times，how many times before, so far, in the past/last ?years;already, just, yet;for，since 4重點(diǎn)：

1.already 放在肯定句，句中或句末；yet 放在否定句和疑問句，句末---Have you packed ________?---Yes, I have packed __________.C A.yet, yetB.already, alreadyC.yet,alreadyD.already,yet

2.before 單獨(dú)使用，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句子的末尾時(shí)間段+ago用一般過去時(shí)---Have you been to the Great Wall ______? A.before, agoB.ago, beforeC.before, beforeD.ago, ago 3.for +一段時(shí)間since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)since +時(shí)間段since +一般過去時(shí)句子

since / for 表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)，因而含有這兩個(gè)詞的句子動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(詞形轉(zhuǎn)換見M4)

A.has finishedB.finishesC.finishedD.is finishing

your uncle ______ the village?---Since 1999.He is in Shanghai now.A.How long, been away fromB.How long, leftC.When, leave 4.just(剛剛）：用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)just now（剛才）：用于一般過去時(shí)---Have you been here for a long time?

---No, I ___A___ here just now.I have just arrived.A.arrivedB.have arrivedC, arrived inD.has arrived

5.have been to sp.去過某地,已經(jīng)回來(lái)了(與once, twice, never，ever等連用)have gone to sp.去了某地，現(xiàn)在不在這兒

have been in sp.在某地呆了多少時(shí)間（for+一段時(shí)間）---No.A.been inB.been to C.gone to D.gone in

A.has been toB.has gone to C.has been inD.went to

A.been toB.come toC.arrived inD.been in

6.與過去時(shí)態(tài)辨析，注意找標(biāo)志詞，when 作疑問詞其后只能用過去時(shí)不能用完成時(shí)。

When _____ you ______ your dictionary?

A.did;lose B.has;lost C.will;loseD.does;lose

三、時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形/ 單三形式

2.一般將來(lái)時(shí)： 主語(yǔ)+be going to +動(dòng)詞原形主語(yǔ)+will +動(dòng)詞原形 3.一般過去時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去式4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+ am/is/are + V-ing 5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：主語(yǔ) +was/ were +V-ing6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+have/has +過去分詞

六、人稱主格 賓格 形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞Imemymine myself

youyouyouryoursyourselfhehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself

weusouroursourselves

youyouyouryoursyourselvestheythemtheirtheirsthemselves

1.賓格和主格指的是人稱代詞。做主語(yǔ)的必須是主格人稱代詞，動(dòng)詞或介詞后必須是賓格。

2.形容詞性物主代詞具有形容詞的特性，常放在名詞前面作定語(yǔ)，表明該名詞所表示的人或物是“誰(shuí)的”。注意：

1)如果名詞前用了形容詞性物主代詞，就不能再用冠詞(a, an, the)、指示代詞(this, that, these, those)等修飾詞了。

2)與形容詞一起修飾名詞時(shí)，形容詞性物主代詞要放在形容詞的前面。如：his

English books他的英語(yǔ)書，their Chinese friends他們的中國(guó)朋友。

3)漢語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)“我媽媽”，“你們老師”等這樣的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象，雖然代詞用的是“我”、“你們”，但實(shí)際意義仍是“我的”、“你們的”，所以在英譯時(shí)，注意要用形容詞性物主代詞“my”,“your”。例如： 你媽媽在家嗎? 誤：Is you mother at home? 正：Is your mother at home? 4)it's與its讀音相同，he's與his讀音相似，但使用時(shí)需注意它們的區(qū)別(it's和he's分別是it is和he is的縮略形式，但its 和his 卻是形容詞性物主代詞)。例如： It's a bird.Its name is Polly.它是一只鳥。它的名字叫波利。He's a student.His mother is a teacher.他是一名學(xué)生。他媽媽是一位教師

3.名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞名詞性物主代詞起名詞的作用。注意：在使用名詞性物主代詞時(shí)，必須有特定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，也就是要省略的名詞大家已經(jīng)知道，已經(jīng)提起過。

辨別名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞的口訣：有“名”則"形“，無(wú)“名”則“名”。

（后面是名詞的話，前面就要用形容詞性物主代詞。后面沒有名詞的話，就用名詞性物主代詞。）

4.反身代詞常用結(jié)構(gòu)：teach oneself/ dress oneself/ help oneself to sth./ by oneself

七、how often提問頻率，多久一次once/twice/ three times a year how many times 提問次數(shù)，多少次once/ twice/ three times/four timeshow soon提問將來(lái)時(shí)，多久以后in +一段時(shí)間how long提問時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度（也可提問物體長(zhǎng)度），多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間

for+一段時(shí)間since+時(shí)間點(diǎn) since+時(shí)間段+ago since +一般過去時(shí)句子 how many 提問可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量

how much 提問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量和價(jià)格 how far 提問距離，多遠(yuǎn)how large 提問面積，多大

第二篇：八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)教學(xué)案

八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)教學(xué)案

課題：Lesson：22：Travel on the Internet 課型：新授

學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：

1.掌握的詞匯短語(yǔ)：receive；cancer；blessing；pyramid；Egypt 2.Learn about some interesting stories on the Internet.學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)：

1.How to make our dreams come true.學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)：

How to make our dreams come true.What can we do ？ 一.自主學(xué)習(xí)：英漢互譯：

1.成長(zhǎng)；

2.實(shí)現(xiàn)

； 3.dream of ∕about doing …___________；

Change one’s mind ____________ all over the world____________ 用所給單詞的正確形式填空：

1.It will be

(wind)tomorrow morning.2.Look , the students are __________(dig)a hole!3.It’s an __________(enjoy)film.4.This book is about __________(grow)flowers Please do your homework as__________________(care)as you can.This basket is ______________(fill)with apples.二.合作探究

★1.Her grandma had a terrible type of cancer.她的奶奶患上了一種很嚴(yán)重的癌癥。

have cancer意為“患癌癥”。have表示“患(病)，得(病)”，與catch和get同義。have是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示狀態(tài);catch和get是瞬間動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作，所以這兩個(gè)詞不可跟一段時(shí)間連用。例如: I caught(=got)a bad cold three days ago我三天前得了重感冒。I have had a bad cold for three days.我患重感冒已經(jīng)三天了。

★2.She asked people if they could help her grandma see the world through pictures.她問大家是否能夠幫助奶奶通過圖片看世界。if在句中作連詞，意為“是否”，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。

例如:The teacher asked if everyone was here.老師問人是否到齊了。Please tell me if you know the answer.請(qǐng)告訴我你是否知道答案?！?.You have made my dream come true.你使我的夢(mèng)想變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。make one's dream come true意為“使某人的夢(mèng)想成真”。come true表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)，成真;應(yīng)驗(yàn)”。

例如:His dream will come true sooner or later.他的理想遲早會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。I hope our dreams will come true.我希望我們的夢(mèng) 想成真。三.當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)

按要求完成下列句子，每空一詞。

1.What’s the weather like today?(改為同義句)

the weather today? 2.There will be a thunderstorm this afternoon.(改為一般疑問句)

a thunderstorm this afternoon? 3.The temperature was twenty-one degrees this morning.(對(duì)畫線部分提問)

this morning? 4.We have very bad weather during this week.(改為感嘆句)

weather we have during this week!It was windy and cold yesterday.(對(duì)畫線部分提問)

________

the weather yesterday? 6.We didn’t have a picnic because it rained heavily.(改為同義句)

We didn’t have a picnic

the heavy rain.7.Li Ming will show us his new bike.(改為同義句)

Li Ming will show his new _________ __________ _________.8.The Smiths went to Beijing to visit the Summer Palace by car.(改為同義句)

The Smiths

Beijing to visit the Summer Palace.四.課后反思

第三篇：八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)教學(xué)案

Unit 5 Feeling Happy

Topic 1 Why all the smiling faces?

SectionA 導(dǎo)學(xué)案

一、學(xué)習(xí)目的與重點(diǎn)

1、掌握表達(dá)個(gè)人情感的詞匯，并能正確表達(dá)個(gè)人情感。

2、掌握“系動(dòng)詞+形容詞”的系表結(jié)構(gòu)及用法。

二、單詞過關(guān)

1、邀請(qǐng) 招待 _______

2、擔(dān)心的 煩惱的 ________

3、無(wú)任何東西或人________

4、向······道謝 _________

5、微笑 ________

6、失望的 沮喪的__________

7、有······味道 品嘗________

8、殘暴的 ______

9、不受歡迎 不得人心的 ______

10、傻的_________

11、地主 房東___________

三、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)過關(guān)

1.很好________ 2.謝謝你 _______ 3.看起來(lái)興奮 _________ 4.想要做某事 ________ 5.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事__________

6、去看電影 __________

7、我最喜愛的······之一 __________ 8.在我家___________ 9.過夜_________ 10.為···準(zhǔn)備··· ___________ 11.一些美味的事物 ______________

12、太好了 ____________ 13.如此開心_____________ 14.向某人說謝謝________________ 15.Good morning__________ 16.this morning_________ 17.look very happy____________ 18.That`s very exciting_______ 18.go to the movie theater__________ 19.How nice!___________ 20.They are very lucky__________21 go to buy a ticket_____________ 22.Thete was none left.___________ 23.feel disappointed ___________ 24 What a shame!_______________

四、重點(diǎn)句子講解 25 be popular with _______ 26 the poor_ ___ 27 a ticket to/ for sth._________ 1.You look excited.你看起來(lái)很興奮。

句是連系動(dòng)詞(look)+形容詞(excited)結(jié)構(gòu)，我們通常稱之為“系表結(jié)構(gòu)”。常見的連系動(dòng)詞分為兩類

（1）表示狀態(tài)的連系動(dòng)詞 be 是 look 看起來(lái) sound 聽起來(lái) taste 嘗起來(lái) smell聞起來(lái)

feel感覺 摸起來(lái) seem似乎 keep 保持 stay保持 維持 其中，_____ _____ ______常用來(lái)表達(dá)人的情感。表語(yǔ)即形容詞要用 ______ 來(lái)提問。

（2）表示轉(zhuǎn)變或結(jié)果的連系動(dòng)詞有 get 變得 turn 轉(zhuǎn)變 go變 fall變成 become變成

grow漸漸變得

This song ______(sound)sweet.____________.The weather is ______(get)warm.The flowers ______(smell)sweet.The food ____(go)bad,you can`t eat it.2.My father and mother want to invite your parents to go to the movies.我父母想邀請(qǐng)你父母一起去看電影。

本句中含有兩個(gè)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)（1）want to do sth.想去做某事（2）invite sb.to do sth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事

Tomorrow is Li Ming`s birthday.He will invite me______(take)part in his birthday party.But I don`t want ____(go)because I have too much homework to do.3.Oh it is one of my favorite movies.噢，它是我最喜歡的電影之一

one of`···意為 “···之一”，后常用最高級(jí)加名詞復(fù)數(shù)的形式，有時(shí)可能沒有最高級(jí)，只有復(fù)數(shù)形式。該短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Beijing is one of___________(big)_______(city)in the world.One of the _________(student_)_____(be)is from China.Some of ···意為“···中的一些”謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由 of 后面的名詞或代詞決定。Some of the boys ______(have)an English-Chinese dictionary.Some of the food______(go)bad.4.Please say thanks to your mom.請(qǐng)（代我）向你母親表示感謝。

本句中有一個(gè)短語(yǔ) say thanks to sb.向某人表示感謝 類似的還有(1)say___to sb.向某人問好(2)say_______to sb.向某人告別(3)say____to sb.向某人道歉 5.Why all the smiling faces? 為什么你們都滿臉笑容？

（1）。此句是省略句。原句是Why do all of you have smiling faces? 與Why is everyone smiling? 同義（20 既可作動(dòng)詞，又可作名詞 He always makes me smile.()She went with a big smile on her face.()6.I went to buy a ticket, but there was none left.我去買票，但已經(jīng)售完了。

（1）none 可作主語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。None of us_______(have)a car.（2）left 意為“剩下的“，作后置定語(yǔ)。I have some money ____(leave)我還剩一些錢。7.What a shame!真遺憾！主要用于向?qū)Ψ奖硎具z憾。類似的說法還有：

（1）That`s too bad!太糟糕了?。?）It`s a great pity!太遺憾了?。? What a pity!真可惜！

五、語(yǔ)法運(yùn)用。動(dòng)手動(dòng)腦，寫出5個(gè)系表結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。

1、________________________________ 2._______________________________ 3.__________________________________ 4._______________________________ 5.__________________________________ 六．習(xí)題鞏固

()1.---How are you ____?---_____,thank y;ou.A going Good B getting Better C doing Fine D feeling Nicely()2.---Your father helps me a lot.Please_____your father.---I will.Thank you.A say hello to B say thanks to C say sorry to D say goodbye to()3.Lucy looked so____ when she heard the bad news.A happy B silly C cruel D sad()4.---Who cooked the chicken? It ____so nice.A looks B feels C tastes D sounds()5.---I want to see the movie, but I have no tickets.---________ A What shame!B What a shame!C How shame!D How a shame!()6.One of my friends ______from Fuzhou.A is B are C come D am()7.---Which book do you like best among these books?---_______.I like watching TV.A Nothing B Both C No one D None()8.---______was your trip?---________ A How, Well B How , It was great.C What , Great D How much , Great()9.We all felt _____ after we knew the _____news.A exciter excited B exciting exciting C excited exciting D exciting excited()10.My birthday is coming.I`ll invite all my friend ______.A come B to come C coming D comes 11.I want to go but I_____ _______(沒有)ticket.12.We will ______ ______ _______(過夜)at Jim`s house this Sunday.13.You ______ _______ _______(看起來(lái)很開心)this morning.14.Why all the ______ _______(滿臉笑容)15.That is ____ _____ _____ _____(我最喜愛的······之一)movies.16.Tickets for Friday? Sorry, we have ______ ______(一張也沒有了)17.Miss Li ia _____ ______(受到······的喜愛)students because she is always kind and friendly.18.They are very lucky.（變感嘆句）_____ _____ they are!19.Kangkang looks very sad.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）_____ _____ Kangkang _____? 20.I don`t think he is poor.（寫同義句）I _____ he is _____ 21.Let`s go to see a movie.（寫反意疑問句）______ ______? 22.I felt so happy.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）_____ ______ you ______?

第四篇：八年級(jí)下冊(cè)重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法

重要短語(yǔ)的用法及區(qū)別

★bring , take , fetch , get , carry 這幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有“攜帶”、“運(yùn)送”的意思。但它們表示的動(dòng)作方向不同。bring是“帶來(lái)”，從另外一個(gè)地方把東西帶到說話的地方來(lái)。例如：Don’t forget to bring a dictionary with you.別忘了把辭典帶來(lái)。take是“帶去”，從說話的地方把東西拿到另外的一個(gè)地方。

例如：Please take the small blackboard to the classroom 請(qǐng)把這塊小黑板帶到教室去。fetch是“去取”，“去拿來(lái)”，從說話的地方出發(fā)到另外一個(gè)地方，然后將東西拿到說話的地方例如：Please fetch me some chalk.請(qǐng)給我拿些粉筆來(lái)。carry表示運(yùn)送，暗含東西“重”。沒有明確的方向。

例如：The bus can carry 30 passengers.這種公交車限乘30名乘客?！飐pend,pay,cost,take

主語(yǔ)是人 Sb.spend … on sth.某人花了…（時(shí)間、金錢）在某事上。

(in)doing sth.某人花了…（時(shí)間、金錢）做某事。主語(yǔ)是人Sb.pay …for sth.某人為某物花了…錢。

主語(yǔ)是事或物 Sth.cost sb.…

某物花了某人…錢。

It takes/took sb.… to do sth.花了某人…（時(shí)間、金錢）做某事?！颾egin , start“開始”

一般可以通用，但start較為口語(yǔ)化。It has begun（started）raining.已經(jīng)開始下雨了。

Begin是普通用語(yǔ)，指開始某一動(dòng)作或進(jìn)程，其反義詞是end.例如：New term begins on September 1st.新學(xué)期9月1日開始。

Start動(dòng)作性較強(qiáng)，著重于開始著手這一點(diǎn)，帶有突然開始的意思，其反義詞為stop.還可表示“動(dòng)身”、“開動(dòng)”“出發(fā)”，“創(chuàng)辦”，“開設(shè)”等意思，而begin則不能這樣用。例如：

They start for Beijing tomorrow.他們明天動(dòng)身去北京?！飀ress , have sth.on , wear , put on

它們都有“穿”、“戴”的意思。但用法不同。

havesth.on表示穿戴的狀態(tài)。He had a straw hat on.他戴了一頂草帽。wear表示穿戴的狀態(tài)。

She likes to wear the light green dress.她喜歡穿淺綠色的衣服。put on表示穿戴的動(dòng)作。

You’d better put on your overcoat before going out.出門之前你最好穿上大衣。dress既表動(dòng)作也表狀態(tài)。The mother is dressing her baby.母親正給她的嬰兒穿衣服。★after , in After+時(shí)間段 表達(dá)過去一段時(shí)間以后，常用于過去時(shí)態(tài)的句子； I received the letter after two days.我是兩天以后收到這封信的。After+時(shí)間點(diǎn) 表示將來(lái)一段時(shí)間以后，用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的句子。He will arrive after four o’clock.in+時(shí)間段 以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)，表示將來(lái)一段時(shí)間以后，常用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的句子。You will receive the letter in three days.你三天以后將收到這封信。★a number of，the number of a number of 意為“一些”、“許多”。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

例如：A number of people are waiting for the bus there.許多人在那里等公共汽車。the number of 表示“......的數(shù)目”，作為句子的主語(yǔ)部分時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

例如：The number of deer,nountainlions,and wild roses does not change much.鹿、美洲獅和野玫瑰的數(shù)量并不起很大的變化?！飋n，in和with.on：表示使用通訊工具、信息或傳媒，乘坐交通工具等；I don’t want to talk about it on the phone.in：使用語(yǔ)言文字等媒介；Can you speak it in English? with：借助具體的手段或工具。Don’t write it with a red pen.★at , on , in 三者都可以表示“在……的時(shí)候”。

At：表示在哪個(gè)時(shí)刻用；I get up at six o’clock in the morning.我早晨六點(diǎn)起床。On：表示在哪一天，哪一天的早上（下午、晚上）；on Wednesday , on Sunday morning ，on May I , on a cold morning in 1936 in：表示在哪一年（季、月），在上午，下午等。in September , in the morning , in the afternoon ★too much, too many, much too too much + 不可數(shù)名詞 too many + 可數(shù)名詞 much too + 形容詞 ★few, a few;little , a little.雖然都表示“少”，但

（1）few, a few是可數(shù)的, little, a little是不可數(shù)的。

（2）a few, a little含肯定意味，few, little含否定意味。e.g.They have a little ink, don't they? 他們有一點(diǎn)墨水，是嗎？

They have little ink, do they? 他們幾乎沒有墨水，是嗎？

She has a few Chinese friends, doesn't she? 他有幾位中國(guó)朋友，是嗎？

She has few Chinese friends, does she? 他幾乎沒有幾位中國(guó)朋友，是嗎？

She has a little dog.她有一只小狗?！颿an, be able to

表示能力這一意義時(shí)can和be able to基本相同,但can只有兩個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)即現(xiàn)在時(shí)(can)與過去時(shí)(could)而be able to有多種形式。對(duì)未來(lái)的能力做決定時(shí),一般用can.用于過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，be able to與can意義不完全相同,was able to意為“有這種能力，而且利用這種能力設(shè)法做成了某事”，而could只單純地表達(dá)有某種能力?！飉ust, have to

must表示說話人的主觀看法；而have to則表示客觀需要。mustn’t意為“不可以;不允許”；don’t have to意為“不必”。如: My father had to work when he was ten years old.The play is not interesting.I really must go now.★ago , before ago立足于現(xiàn)在，表示從現(xiàn)在起，若干時(shí)間之前；ago 通常與一般過去時(shí)連用，不能與完成時(shí)連用；

I met him three years ago.（距今）三年前，我遇到他。

before立足過去，表示從過去某一時(shí)刻起，若干時(shí)間以前。before通常與過去完成時(shí)連用。I had met him three years before.（距當(dāng)時(shí)）三年前我見到他一次?！颽lone, lonely alone表示“單獨(dú)，獨(dú)自一個(gè)人，”強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀狀態(tài)，作表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)用。Though I am alone , I am not lonely.雖然我孤獨(dú)一人，但我并不感到寂寞。Lonely表示“孤獨(dú)寂寞”，強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀感覺，作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。另外說明特點(diǎn)時(shí)還有“人跡稀少的”，“荒涼的”意思。He was taken to a lonely house.他被帶到一個(gè)荒無(wú)人煙的房子內(nèi)?！颽lso , either , too , as well also用于肯定句.You study English and I also study it.你學(xué)英語(yǔ)，我也學(xué)。either用于否定句，并放在句尾；

You don’t study English and I don't study it either.你不學(xué)英語(yǔ)，我也不學(xué)。Too用于肯定句，位置通常在句末，前邊常用逗號(hào)；也可用于句中，前后均有逗號(hào)。

You are a student and I am a student , too.你是學(xué)生，我也是。as well 用于肯定句，放在句尾，多用于口語(yǔ)。例如： You know the way and I know it as well.你知道路，我也知道?！颽mong , between between表示“兩者”之間 Do you know the difference between the two words ? 你知道這兩個(gè)詞有什么不同嗎？

among表示“三者或三者以上之間。

He is the most energetic boy among them.他是他們中間精力最飽滿的孩子?！颽rrive , reach , get to 三者都有“到達(dá)”之意。

reach為及物動(dòng)詞。They reached Tianjin yesterday.昨天他們到達(dá)天津。arrive為不及物動(dòng)詞，后面接介詞in或at。到達(dá)的是大地方用in,小地點(diǎn)用at.get to常用于口語(yǔ)，可代替前二者。表示到達(dá)時(shí)，如果地點(diǎn)是副詞home, here, there, 就省略介詞to.例如：When did you get here? 你什么時(shí)候到達(dá)這里的？ ★as , when , while When：可與一個(gè)點(diǎn)的時(shí)間或表示一段的時(shí)間連用，從句動(dòng)詞可以是短暫性或延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以同時(shí)，也同先于主句的動(dòng)作； When the teacher came in , the students stood up.當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，學(xué)生們起立。While：只指一段時(shí)間，不能指一點(diǎn)時(shí)間。因此while從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。表示一段較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間或一個(gè)過程，主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。Don’t talk while you are eating.吃飯時(shí)你不要說話。

As：主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，有時(shí)可譯作“一邊……，一邊”。

★because , because of“因?yàn)椤?because是連詞，引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。

We stayed at home because it rained.因?yàn)橄掠辏覀兇粼诩?。because of是短語(yǔ)介詞，后面接名詞性詞語(yǔ)。We stayed at home because of the rain.因?yàn)橄掠?，我們呆在家?！颾esides , except , except for , but“除……之外”

besides的意思是“除……之外，還有……”，是肯定的；，包括 besides 后面的賓語(yǔ)在內(nèi)，含有“加上”的意思。

I have three other pens besides this.除了這支筆外，我還有另外三支筆。except（but）的意思是“除……之外，沒有……”是否定的；不包括 except 后的賓語(yǔ)在內(nèi)，含有“減去”的意思。

but 用于“除了”之意時(shí)，只能用于 no one, nobody, nothing, all, everyone, everything 等詞之后。

Everybody is here except（but）Mary.除了Mary之外，大家都來(lái)了。

except for的用法是在說明基本情況后，而在細(xì)節(jié)上加以糾正。except for 有時(shí)可以與 except 互換，表示“除了……之外”，但位于句首時(shí)，不可以和 except 互換。例如：

Your composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.除了有幾個(gè)拼寫錯(cuò)誤之外，你的作文很好。

besides 意為“除了……之外，還有” except 意為“除了……之外”，but 用于“除了”之意時(shí)，只能用于 no one, nobody, nothing, all, everyone, everything 等詞之后?！颾orrow , lend 二者都有“借”的意思。

borrow是“借入”，指說話人向別人借東西給自己用，常用于borrow sth from sb/somewhere 例如：Can I borrow your pen ? 我可以借你的鋼筆嗎？

lend是“借出”，指說話人把自己的東西借給別人用，常用于lend sth to sb結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Lend me your pen , will you ? 把鋼筆借給我用用，可以嗎？ ★date , day

date指“日期”。What’s the date today ? 今天幾號(hào)？

day指“星期幾”，指二十四小時(shí)的一整天；也單指白天；也指重要的日子。

What day is today ? 今天星期幾？

There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。

National Day 國(guó)慶節(jié) ★finally , at last , in the end 它們都有“最后”、“終于”的含義。但用法不同。

finally用于動(dòng)詞之前，表示人們長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)期待的某事最后實(shí)現(xiàn)了。He tried many times and finally succeeded.他試驗(yàn)了多次，最后成功了。at last也有此義，但期待的感情更強(qiáng)烈一些。

At last he has understood it.最后他終于明白了這個(gè)。

in the end表示經(jīng)過許多變化或周折，最后發(fā)生了某事。例如：

We made several different plans for our holiday , but in the end we had a summer camp again.我們制定了好幾種不同的度假方案，但最后我們還是選定了再來(lái)一次夏令營(yíng)活動(dòng)。

★find , look for，find out 二者都有“尋找”的意思。

Find指尋找的結(jié)果，即“找到“。例如：What are you looking for ? 你在找什么？ look for指尋找的動(dòng)作或過程，是find之前的尋找過程。例如：Have you / found your pen ? 你找到你的鋼筆了嗎？

Find out指經(jīng)過一番努力最終找到，多用于復(fù)雜而不易直接查出的情況。例如：I found out why she left her job.我查出她辭掉工作的原因。★happen , take place 二者都有“發(fā)生”的意思。

happen指事情的發(fā)生，往往帶有“偶然”的意思。主語(yǔ)通常由accident或類似it, what, this, that, thing等描述的主體充當(dāng)。

例如：It happens that I am free today。恰好今天我沒有事。

take place指事先安排或策劃好而后發(fā)生，沒有“偶然”的意思。其主語(yǔ)是表“運(yùn)動(dòng)，活動(dòng)，會(huì)議“的名詞。

第五篇：英語(yǔ)人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法聚焦教案設(shè)計(jì)

Unit 7 It’s raining!

A卷 I.選擇填空

1.Everyone______having a good time.A.am

B.is

C.are 2.______is the weather like? A.How

B.What

C.Which 3.______is it going? A.How

B.What

C.Where 4.______is Jeff going for his vacation（假期）？ A.How

B.What

C.Where 5.What______you______when it’s raining? A.do … do

B.are … doing

C.did … do 6.The game looks______.I want to have a try.A.fun

B.cool

C.boring 7.How’s the weather there? ______.I’m on the beach.A.Not bad

B.it’s snow.C.It’s hot

8.Is he______?

No, he’s______in the water.A.swims, fishing

B.swiming, running

C.swimming, walking 9.I like the weather there.It’s always______.A.sunny

B.snowing

C.funny 10.I like taking______.It’s much fun.A.photos

B.pictures

C.medicine 11.Thank you for______us.A.helping

B.to help

C.help 12.It’s windy and cold, so he is wearing a scarf______his neck(脖子).A.around

B.on

C.with 13.It’s______in spring and it’s

in summer.A.warm, cool

B.hot, cold

C.warm, hot 14.Uncle Tom is a writer.He is______a book.A.writing

B.writing

C.writeing.15.______many people her on vacation A.They’re

B.There are

C.There is 16.How much is it? Five______yuan.A.thousand

B.thounds

C.thound’s 17.It’s a nice______.A.weather

B.photo

C.day 18.What______Lucy and Lily______? A.is… doing

B.are … doing

C.does… do 19.Kate is______English.I’m______American.A.a, an

B./…/

C.an, a 20.That______terrible.A.look

B.hears

C.sounds.II.完型填空：

Today is March 7th, and tomorrow is

.Dally wants

her mother something.Dally dollars.She is thinking about

.She thinks and thinks.Then she has an

.“I can buy a card

my dear mother.”

Dally goes to a supermarket and buys a beautiful card.She

some words on it.She shows it to her mother and says, “Here is a card for you, Mum.” Her mother is

happy.“ , Dally.” She says.Dally is

, too.()1.A.Teachers’ Day

B.Christmas’ Day

C.Women’s Day

D.Womans’ Day

()2.A.to give

B.give

C.giving

D.to have

()3.A.have

B.has

C.is

D.buys()4.A.how to buy

B.what to buy

C.how buy it

D.what buy()5.A.card

B.idea

C.hour

D.idea()6.A.with

B.at

C.of

D.for()7.A.writes

B.reads

C.hears

D.says()8.A.much

B.very

C.real

D.certain()9.A.Come on

B.It’s March 7th today

C.I buy a card for you

D.Thank you()10.A.sad

B.happy

C.tall

D.angry III.閱讀理解。

（A）Dear Mary, Thanks a lot for your letter and the great photos.I like them very much.Here are some of my photos.In the first one, I am swimming in the lake.In the second one, I am playing football on the playground in our school.In the third one, you can see my family at home.We’re having dinner.In the last one, I am with my little sister Beth.She’s watching TV and I am doing my homework.Best wishes to you and you family.Please write to me soon.Jim 1.This letter is from _____ to _____.A.Mary;Jim

B.Jim;Mary

C.Ann;Beth

2.Jim likes ______ very much.A.the letter

B.the beautiful photos

C.A and B 3.In the first photo, Jim is __________.A.playing football

B.swimming

C.A and 4.Jim has one ________.A.sister

B.brother

C.friend 5.In the last photo, Jim is ______ and Beth is ______.A.watching TV;doing homework

B.doing homework;watching TV;C.having dinner;writing a letter（B）

I'm Bruce.I like nature(自然),so I sent to university(大學(xué))and worked hard at gardening.I became a gardener in a park.I love my job.I like the outdoor life—not sitting at a desk for me, though sometimes it is a bit lonely.I have to spend the whole day in the park and can not see anyone else.I enjoy all kinds of things I do.I know I also have to be outside in really bad weather sometimes.When people visit the park, I try to walk to them and encourage(鼓勵(lì))them to love nature and the outdoors.I don't like to see branches(樹枝)broken off trees, plants pulled up, animals hurt and so on(等等).But on the whole, it's a useful job.1.What does Bruce do? A.A teacher.B.A student.C.A worker.D.A gardener.2.How did Bruce study in university?

A.Easily.B.Hard.C.Difficultly.D.Slowly.3.Bruce likes outdoor life because A.he needn't sit at a desk all day B.he doesn't like to see other people C.he likes to be lonely D.he like the bad weather 4.When people come to see the park, Bruce does his best

.A.to ask them to go away from the park B.to ask them to work in the park C.to ask them to cut branches off the trees D.to ask them to love nature 5.What does Bruce think of his work?

A.Not important

B.Tired.C.Very useful.D.Dangerous.IV．短文填詞。

Today is Sunday.It’s a beautiful, s___1__ day!Mary and her classmates are going to the West Hill f 2

a picnic.They’re r 3

bikes.Right now, they’re coming to a place at the f 4

of the hill.There are beautiful flowers and green t 5

there.Mary and her f 6

are preparing the picnic.Some are getting water.O 7

are cooking.Now, their lunch is r 8

.They are singing, talking, e 9 , and drinking.Everyone is h 10

a good time.B卷

I．單項(xiàng)選擇：根據(jù)句意，從每小題所給的ABCD四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案來(lái)。

1.----What ______ your classmates doing in the classroom?----They’re doing their homework.A.be

B.am

C.is

D.are 2.Who’s the beautiful woman _________ a red hat?

A.wear

B.wearing

C.wears

D.to wear 3.Tom and his English teacher _______ over there.A.talks

B.are talking

C.is talk

D.be talking 4.I am playing __________ basketball at school.A.the

B.a

C.D.this 5.Our Chinese teacher is helping ________ with our writing.A.we and she

B.she and we

C.me and her

D.she and me 6.In winter, we need

more clothes.A.wearing B wears

C to wear

D.to wearing

7.Thanks for _______.A.do this for me

B.help my friend

C.making me a nice sweater

D.to come to meet me at the station.8.A strong wind arrived in Harbin.It’ll ______ much rain.A.bring

B.take

C carry

D get 9.--________________________?

--It’s raining now.A.What’s the weather like

B.How’s your birthday party

C.Where are they having a good time D.When is it coming 10.Mr.Li is an Egyptian.He likes wearing a kind of scarf _____ his head.A.in

B at

C over

D on

II．完型填空。

A poor boy became a rich and a famous(著名的)singer.He married(結(jié)婚)and had two sons and two daughters.One day he said to his wife, “Our family 1 have a hard life, 2 we had.We must 3

them more than our parents 4 us.” The wife agreed.So the 5 sent their children to 6 schools.They 7 expensive sports.They were given everything in life 8 this;they were not taught 9 to work, Later the parents brought businesses for their 10..The sons, at twenty-one, 11 the owner of bus companies.The girls were given shops.Soon all these businesses 12 because the young owners knew 13 of business, or 14of work.The man said to his wife, “Where did we 15 wrong?”()1.A.couldn’t

B.could

C.mustn’t

D.must()2.A.as

B.for

C.like

D.so()3.A.buy

B.tell

C.take

D help()4.A.gave

B.give

C.helped

D.help()5.A.parents

B.brother

C.sister

D.teacher()6.A.common B.ordinary

C.expensive D.poor()7.A.heard

B.did

C.watched D.enjoyed()8.A.except

B.except for C.beside

D.besides()9.A.where

B.when

C.how

D.what()10A.sisters

B.children

C.brothers

D.sons()11.A.became B.got

C.liked

D.hit()12.A.destroyed(毀壞)

B.failed C.suffered(遭受)

D.fell()13.A.nothing

B.everything

C.something

D.anything()14 A.worse still

B.better still

C.even faster

D.even slower()15.A.come B.go

C.bring

D.take III．閱讀理解。

(A)

Henry Ford was the eldest son of a farmer.He grew up on a farm in Michigan.Like most farmers at that time, his father William hoped his eldest son would help him on the farm, but Henry was not interested in farm work at all.He did everything he could to avoid it.Once he wrote:“ What a waste it is for a man to spend hours behind a slowly moving horse.”

However, Henry was not a lazy boy.He liked to do mechanical（機(jī)械方面的）work very much.When he was twelve, he became quite interested in clo-cks and watches.He mended clocks and watches for his friends in his bedroom.Later he took a job as a mechanic in Detroit.He began to show great interest in steam engines(蒸汽發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī))at his time.In 1892, he built his first car.In 1908, he built the famous “Model T”.This car was so popular at that time that it was unchanged for twenty years.Five years after that he stared the Ford Motor Company.()1.Henry grew up in _________.A.Detroit

B.Michigan

C.Canada()2.His father wanted him to be ____________.A.a worker

B.a mechanic

C.a farmer()3.Henry was interested in ________________.A.farm

B.horse

C.clocks and watches()4.He started mending clocks and watches for his friends ______.A.in 1908

B.when he was twelve

C.in 1892()5.He built his first car in __________.A.1892

B.1908

C.1928

(B)Many teenagers（青少年）feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends.They think that their family members and even their parent don’t know them as well as their friend do.In large families, it is quite often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for advice.It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or a group of friends.Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time among themselves on the phone.The communication(交流)is very important in children’s growing up, because friends can discuss something difficult to say to their family members.However, parents often try to choose their children’s friends for them.Some parents stop their children from their children from meeting their good friends.1.It seems that the writer is

what parents do.A.pleased with B.surprised at C.worried about D.angry with

2.For many teenagers, their

know them better than their parents do.A.friends

B.brothers and sisters

C.neighbors

D.their grandparents 3.When teenagers have no friends around, they usually

.A.go to their friends’ homes

B.talk on the phone to their friends C.stay at home with their parents D.talk with their parents 4.The word “ advice” in the reading is about

.A.how to do something B.when to fight with each other C.what to do with their homework D.why to do their homework

5.The best title of the reading is

.A.Large Families B.Parents Decide Everything C.Parents and Teenagers

D.Teenagers Need Friends IV．短文填詞。

Li Lei gets an E-mail f 1

Jack Wilson.Jack is a high school student from Canada.He wants to l 2

Chinese.Dear friend, My name is Jack Wilson.I am from Toronto, C 3.I am 13 years old.I am a schoolboy.I know China is a great c 4

.I want to m friends in China to learn Chinese.There are nineteen students in my class.My c 6

are from six countries.They are learning English.My parents are from France.They speak F 7

.There are many Chinese h 8 in Toronto.I want to learn Chinese, b 9

I don’t have any Chinese textbooks.Could you h 10

me? Please write

to

me

soon.Thank

you.Jack Wilson Ⅴ.書面表達(dá)。

請(qǐng)用八句以上的話簡(jiǎn)介以下武漢市一年四季的天氣情況。

參考答案

A卷

I.1-5 BBACA 6-10 BCCCAA 11-15 AACAB 16-20 ACBBC II． 1.C 2.A

3.B

4.B

5.B 6.D

7.A

8.B

9.D

10.B III．（A）1.B

2.C

3.B

4.A

5.B(B)1.D

2.B

3.A

4.D

5.C IV．1.sunny 2.for

3.riding

4.foot

5.trees 6.friends

7.Others

8.ready

9.eating

10.having B卷I.1.D 2.B

3.B

4.C

5.C 6.C

7.C

8.A

9.A

10.D II． 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.A 14.A 15.B III(A)1.B 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.A

(B)1.C

2.A

3.B

4.A

5.D IV.1.from

2.learn

3.Canada

4.country

5.make

6.classmates

7.French

8.here

9.but

10.help V.Wuhan is a big city by the Changjiang River in the middle of China.There are four cities here.Spring is not long, the weather in spring is a little cold, and it is always drizzling.It’s really hot in summer.There are few people on the street at noon in summer.Wuhan is one of four hottest cities in China.Autumn is a season for harvest.The weather is nice but a little dry.It’s my favorite season.It’s cold in winter.But people don’t feel so cold because of Christmas, the Spring Festival and other holidays.Maybe Wuhan is not a very comfortable place to live, but I like living here because I was born here.