第一篇：啟航黃濤點(diǎn)評2013年考研英語大小作文

2013年考研英語(一)大小作文審題和參考范文

啟航名師 黃濤

2013年1月5日下午的考研英語科目已經(jīng)結(jié)束幾個(gè)小時(shí)，接下來各位考生還有重要的專業(yè)課考試。今年英語(一)的大作文繼續(xù)延續(xù)了14年的圖畫作文出題模式：看圖說畫。今年的圖畫挺有意思，大致內(nèi)容是這樣的：一群畢業(yè)生站在一條道路的分岔口，前面寫著求職、考研、出國和創(chuàng)業(yè)四條出路，可以看出大學(xué)生畢業(yè)時(shí)面臨著人生的多種選擇道路，而且關(guān)鍵一點(diǎn)就是，命題老師怕有些考生看不懂主題，還挺有人性關(guān)懷地在圖畫下面寫了兩個(gè)漢字：選擇，因此突出說明這次作文主題就是選擇自己合適的道路。

考研英語大作文在歷史上多次圍繞大學(xué)生做文章，比如，2004年的“終點(diǎn)又是新的起點(diǎn)”，2006年大學(xué)生的“盲目崇拜明星”，2009年人們普遍關(guān)心的網(wǎng)絡(luò)的利與弊問題，這些都是和大學(xué)生密切相關(guān)的大話題。今年的大作文和黃濤在最后沖刺作文課資料V-39頁上的話題背誦篇中的第三個(gè)話題是完全一致的，再一次創(chuàng)造了黃濤押中大作文的奇跡！

一．大作文審題與范文

今年的大作文審題，可以運(yùn)用我在課堂上多次講到的積極和消極兩個(gè)方面來寫都行。從積極方面來思考，就是大學(xué)畢業(yè)生面臨畢業(yè)時(shí)的多種選擇道路，因此應(yīng)該積極思考選擇適合自己的道路，并努力創(chuàng)造自己的美好未來。也可以從消極方面來寫，可以論及有些大學(xué)生在畢業(yè)時(shí)茫然不知所向，不知道該往何處走，因此迷失方向，還可以從積極和消極兩方面來寫都行。但有些考生審出就業(yè)壓力大或其它的主題就是跑題了，因此得分會很低。

確定主題之后，按照我沖刺班講授的方法，從思考主題詞寫法，注意詞性變換choice和choose，以及主題詞同義替換等方法來按照黃濤給出的模板來開始寫作。在寫大作文時(shí)，第一段需要簡短描述圖畫的內(nèi)容。比如：畢業(yè)生graduates, 求職job-seeking或seeking a job，出國going abroad，其中創(chuàng)業(yè)和考研是一個(gè)翻譯表達(dá)的難點(diǎn)，實(shí)力不強(qiáng)的考生可以考慮不寫出來，實(shí)力強(qiáng)的考生可以把這當(dāng)作是展示自己實(shí)力的機(jī)會，這也是獲取閱卷老師給高分的亮點(diǎn)所在。

第二段需要闡釋圖畫寓意，其實(shí)就是聯(lián)系實(shí)際來展開論述。可以提到當(dāng)今大學(xué)生擴(kuò)招導(dǎo)致大學(xué)生人數(shù)增多，因此在畢業(yè)時(shí)面臨著多種選擇，可以結(jié)合實(shí)際來分析原因說畢業(yè)生就業(yè)壓力大，等等，因此畢業(yè)生要根據(jù)自己的實(shí)際情況來選擇合適的人生道路，并闡述其重要性，總而言之，要說的東西有很多，關(guān)鍵是要表達(dá)正確和用詞高級。

最后一段可以結(jié)合自己的心得體會談?wù)効捶?，并給出適當(dāng)?shù)睦碛伞?/p>

【作文思路】

按照我們課堂上的寫作方法，可以這樣來展開描述和議論。第一段為傳統(tǒng)的圖畫描述段，根據(jù)圖畫中的具體信息，尤其是下面的文字說明，進(jìn)行直接描述。1

比如可以選用我們沖刺課堂上傳授的精彩句型1，“ Whoever standing in front of this miniature will be overwhelmingly impressed.2，How thought-provoking it seems to be!或3，What is vividly illustrated in the painting above is that ….(對漫畫籠統(tǒng)地描述)。然后再補(bǔ)上后面的文字解釋說明：“The caption（圖畫中的文字）make choices/alternatives, choose/opt to do sth 分的關(guān)鍵詞。

第二段要求展開闡釋漫畫背后所預(yù)示的主題，并加以具體論證說明。在這一段首句可以直接采用” It is, most likely, that the drawer intends not only to think about its real connotation but also to display a serious situation to us.在句型運(yùn)用方面，可以考慮使用啟航課堂上反復(fù)提到的必殺詞組“As is universally acknowledged，和What makes things even better/worse等。

第三段可以結(jié)合自己的實(shí)際來闡述自己未來人生的選擇，是出國還是考研，并給出自己的理由。

Sample Writing

As is apparently drawn in this miniature, in the middle stand many graduates, confronting a few choices such as seeking jobs, receiving further education, going abroad and so on.The Chinese caption above informs us readers of the conspicuous message that various folks will make different choices upon their graduation.（參見黃濤沖刺班作文講義第7頁作文經(jīng)典句型）How impressive this drawing seems to be in depicting one of the most prevalent themes that college graduates are confronting various alternatives before graduation.After careful reflection and mediation, we examinees come to understand the enlightening drawing.I contend that this thought-provoking image conveys one profound layer of implication concerning choices.(參見黃濤沖刺班講義精彩段落第15頁內(nèi)容)It is universally acknowledged that college graduation no longer ends and we should make different choices according to our varying situation.(參見黃濤沖刺班講義高分句型必備部分)

From what have been discussed above, it admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to choose a job that can be done within his capability.It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make it work.On the one hand, we should be sensible to find what we are skillful at and make a plan about the future.On the other hand, it is demanding for us to change to another job if it does not fit us.(參見黃濤沖刺班講義V-40頁)

In my personal sense, the message applies to our young graduates especially.In such a rat-race society, everyone is bound to make a choice at this critical life stage.In this sense, I should make a rational choice after graduation.Just as the Nobel Prize winner Mo Yan puts it, it is our choice that has changed everything in our life.（參見黃濤作文沖刺班講義第12頁作文九大高分句式之引用名人名言）

更多經(jīng)典高分句型可以參考長達(dá)43頁的黃濤作文沖刺資料，這是歷年來廣大考生最后作文沖刺用的葵花寶典，在考場上廣大黃桃們可以按照自己喜歡背誦的高級句子來造就自己的高分作文。

二．小作文審題和范文

不出所料，今年的小作文也屬于黃濤作文沖刺課上提供的小作文模板之一，從05年到07年，小作文已經(jīng)測試過辭職信（道歉信）、請求信和建議信的寫法，08年重考了偏向于與私人交流的道歉信，09年小作文接著又重考了考生對建議信的寫作，2010年測試了告示的寫作，2011年道歉信，2012年的歡迎信，而今年2013年的小作文還是照搬近幾年一貫的出題方式----書信寫作。

2013年的小作文要求給考生寫一封郵件，邀請自己所在學(xué)校的一位外教來擔(dān)任即將舉行的演講比賽的評委。這些內(nèi)容在試題的英語提示里寫得很清楚，實(shí)力不夠的考生可以照抄這些單詞，實(shí)力強(qiáng)的考生應(yīng)該按照我講到的方法：同義替換來寫出高質(zhì)量的作文。

小作文的難點(diǎn)在于需要自己想出一些細(xì)節(jié)性的東西來，這是廣大考生靠背誦模板做不到的地方，也是綜合檢驗(yàn)考生的實(shí)力所在，這也給考生充分的自由空間，具體內(nèi)容要求考生自由發(fā)揮的余地較大，結(jié)合這次的小作文主題，考生可以思考出，比如比賽的地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間，參賽的選手，以及要求外教做精彩點(diǎn)評等，寫到這些內(nèi)容需要考生一個(gè)扎實(shí)的語言基本功，否則只能是望“卷”興嘆，寫不出任何東西，這是避免小作文模板化的傾向，下面是黃濤提供的一個(gè)參考范文。Directions:

Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college, inviting him or her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on your ANSWER Sheet.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail.Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)

小作文參考范文----參見黃濤沖刺班作文講義V—26頁的邀請信模板

Dear my teacher,I am writing this letter for the purpose of inviting you to attend our speech contest on behalf of the Students’ Union.In particular, I feel it a great honor to invite you to be a judge for the approaching competition.There will be other three Chinese judges.However, we are greatly eager to need a native speaker to be one of the judges.To our great joy, we learn that you have been judges for several times on different occasions.To be more exact, you are more experienced or eloquent in speaking than other foreign teachers.After the speech contest, you are required to make a brief comment on the contestants’ performance.The competition will held at 7:00 in the evening on January 18th in our college auditorium.All the students as well as participants are looking forward to seeing you turn up at the contest.We would be highly honored by your distinguished presence.Please inform me of your decision as soon as possible.Yours sincerely,Li Ming

啟航教育 黃濤

第二篇：專家點(diǎn)評：考研英語大小作文如何提高分?jǐn)?shù)

專家點(diǎn)評：考研英語大小作文如何提高分?jǐn)?shù)

2008-03-30

萬學(xué)海文

主持人：考研英語是考研所有科目中的重中之重，之所以說是重頭戲，是因?yàn)閷τ诤芏嗫忌鷣碚f，考研的成敗很大程度取決于英語成績的高低。英語試卷中，分值最大的有兩部分，一是閱讀，另一個(gè)是作文。有不少同學(xué)在網(wǎng)上留言欄里，對于英語作文復(fù)習(xí)方法和提高途徑表示疑惑，希望得到專家的指點(diǎn)。今天我們榮幸的請到了國家考研英語閱卷組專家，全國考研英語輔導(dǎo)專家吳耀武老師。吳老師，歡迎您來參加我們的活動。

吳耀武：我也很榮幸。我將向09年準(zhǔn)備考研的同學(xué)們說一下考研英語大小作文的復(fù)習(xí)方法。

主持人：吳老師作為西安外國語學(xué)院的名師，長期從事英語教學(xué)，在考研英語方面有著極深的研究和豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在英語閱讀與寫作方面尤為突出。吳老師，近幾年考研英語試卷的作文題命題方向是怎樣的呢？您能和同學(xué)們講一講嗎？

吳耀武：近些年考研英語作文寫作部分分兩類：大作文、小作文。小作文一般給出作文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，以求職信，辭職信，道歉信和感謝信等為命題體裁，要求考生按照提示寫清楚要表達(dá)的要點(diǎn)?？忌趯懶∽魑臅r(shí)，只要表意明確就可以了，不需要復(fù)雜華麗的文采修飾。

大作文類型，從文體上看，可以劃分為說明文和議論文，因?yàn)榭歼@類體裁的寫作比較符合形勢發(fā)展的實(shí)際需要，在學(xué)習(xí)、工作和生活中，人們所書寫的材料大多也是說明文或議論文；從選題范圍上看，大都是目前人們最為關(guān)注的問題，反映了當(dāng)前社會的熱門話題或可以用熱門話題來透視的哲理性問題。通過對近些年的真題分析；從出題形式上看，在平穩(wěn)中逐漸趨于多樣化，寫作題目易于理解，無論以文字的形式還是以圖表、圖畫的形式出現(xiàn)都淺顯易懂。

主持人：相信大家通過吳老師對考研英語作文的考點(diǎn)已有大體地了解了。吳老師，作為國家考研英語閱卷組專家，您對近些年考卷問題應(yīng)該較為了解，您能集中問題來談一談考研英語作文應(yīng)該怎樣復(fù)習(xí)嗎？

吳耀武：作文對考生扎實(shí)的語言功底有很高的要求。同學(xué)們在復(fù)習(xí)階段要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1、適當(dāng)加強(qiáng)閱讀量

很多考生無法清晰完整的用英語來表達(dá)自己的意思。之所以出現(xiàn)這樣的情況原因在于平時(shí)閱讀量小。在這里，我只想告訴大家，當(dāng)你看得多了，記得多了，表達(dá)才能游刃有余。歷年的寫作考題的內(nèi)容和主題基本都與當(dāng)年的熱點(diǎn)話題有一定的關(guān)系，因此，你要對社會熱點(diǎn)問題、國際國家大事有所知曉，對于比較熱點(diǎn)、比較重要的主題，可以有目的地進(jìn)行搜集整理。另外，平時(shí)多閱讀英語報(bào)紙雜志，可以幫助你掌握更多的話題資源。你讀得越多，在潛移默化中，你提高英語寫作能力的速度也就越快。

2、背誦經(jīng)典文段

在平時(shí)閱讀訓(xùn)練中，把一些經(jīng)典文段整理到一個(gè)本子上，抽時(shí)間背誦它們，不能不說是積極備戰(zhàn)快速提高寫作成績的一條捷徑?？忌梢赃x擇歷年真題的范文和一些與真題作文相近的文章進(jìn)行背誦，要在理解文章內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上有重點(diǎn)、有目的地進(jìn)行背誦。把結(jié)構(gòu)合理、適用于多種語言環(huán)境的句子背下來不但有助于你理解文章，更是能夠在無形中增強(qiáng)你的表達(dá)能力。同學(xué)們也可以拿一些英語原著名篇來讀、背，這樣可以加強(qiáng)自己的語感，使自己的表達(dá)更加地道。

3、加強(qiáng)練習(xí)

加強(qiáng)實(shí)際寫作練習(xí)有著至關(guān)重要的作用?？忌詈媚苷矣蟹段牡念}目進(jìn)行練習(xí)，以便寫完后能與范文進(jìn)行對比。我們練習(xí)的重點(diǎn)是要檢查文章是否切題，行文是否流暢，有無嚴(yán)重的語法錯(cuò)誤等，同時(shí)通過與范文的比較可以及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的短處在哪。主持人：吳老師，據(jù)說您在授課上教學(xué)性很強(qiáng)，對命題規(guī)律把握性也很強(qiáng)，那么，就您總結(jié)過的作文命題特點(diǎn)，您能否給考生們一些權(quán)威的作文復(fù)習(xí)攻略和技巧上的指導(dǎo)呢？

吳耀武：好作文應(yīng)該是緊扣文章主題，遵循特定的文體格式，選用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z言合理組織文章結(jié)構(gòu)，內(nèi)容統(tǒng)一、連貫，語法、拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)正確，用詞恰當(dāng)。

研究生入學(xué)考試要求學(xué)生在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)完成兩篇文章，從寫作的過程來看，對于每一個(gè)給定題目每個(gè)考生都會有各種各樣的想法，但100字或200字的文章所能容納的內(nèi)容是有限的，考生必須迅速思考，盡快進(jìn)入角色。因此必要的寫作策略對于考生來說有著舉足輕重的作用。

1、認(rèn)真審題

考研作文忌信手拈來，提筆就寫，根本不審題，想到哪兒就寫到哪兒，置考試要求于不顧，作文第一步是仔細(xì)審題，考生要仔細(xì)閱讀試題要求及相關(guān)信息，如圖表，圖畫，數(shù)字等，準(zhǔn)確把握出題者意圖。

2、列出提綱，慎重落筆

雖說考試時(shí)間有限，但是切忌匆忙落筆開始胡寫亂謅。你可以先花一點(diǎn)時(shí)間列個(gè)提綱，對原始材料分析歸納后要形成一個(gè)基本的框架。文章打算分幾段寫，每段大概怎樣寫，自數(shù)控制在多少，開頭段落是道破主題，點(diǎn)名要旨，引人入勝還是先給出主題一般的背景情況和對主題進(jìn)行濃縮的陳述呢，中間段落和結(jié)尾有怎樣寫呢。這些都要心中有數(shù)。

列好提綱開始落筆寫作的過程中，要注意如下幾點(diǎn)：

1)突出重點(diǎn)，注重邏輯

考生在選擇材料時(shí)應(yīng)注重選擇那些最能體現(xiàn)中心思想、最具代表性的材料，這些材料要共同表達(dá)一致的信息。選材時(shí)切忌胡子眉毛一把抓。詞語堆積，不倫不類。前后及段落之間在邏輯關(guān)系上要緊密銜接，不能把沒有任何邏輯關(guān)系的詞放在一起?？梢杂们‘?dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞把思想連貫的表達(dá)出來。

2)用詞準(zhǔn)確，語法正確

考試時(shí)要特別注意語法，此語，語氣，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號等，為了避免太多單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤，語法錯(cuò)誤，不要為了追求詞語的華麗而堆積一些自己也沒把握的單詞，不要刻意追求長句而寫一些自己不知對錯(cuò)的有多個(gè)從句組成的長句?？荚嚂r(shí)最好選擇自己最有把握的詞匯，短語，句式。

3)題目要求要達(dá)到

字?jǐn)?shù)要符合作文題目要求，否則很難拿高分。

如果時(shí)間允許，可以在答完后進(jìn)行修改。檢查一下詞匯拼寫是否準(zhǔn)確，構(gòu)句語法等是否正確。

主持人：聽了您這番講解，連我都受益匪淺。非常感謝您在百忙之中抽出時(shí)間，給予09年準(zhǔn)備考研的考生的作文復(fù)習(xí)如此權(quán)威的學(xué)習(xí)建議。

吳耀武：今天我也很高興能為09年考研的同學(xué)們提供些考研英語作文復(fù)習(xí)的建議，希望我的建議能對同學(xué)們有幫助。

第三篇：2013考研英語大小作文-萬能

2013 年考研英語大小作文萬能模板

考研英語小作文萬能模板

書信類：

一、.咨詢信 ★★★★★

寫作模式：寫信目的+介紹背景+詢問詳情+表示謝意，期盼回復(fù)

Dear Sir or Madam，As a ??, I am writing to ask if ??.??.I appreciate it if you could ??/I will be looking forward to hearing from you soon.兩句皆可）

Truly yours，Xiao xiang

二、投訴信 ★★★★★

寫作模式：提出投訴+具體投訴內(nèi)容+要求

Dear Sir or Madam，I write this to place a complaint against ??/ I venture to write to complain about ??（兩句皆可）the quality of ??I bought ??.During ?? has been in my possession, problems have emerged one after another.For one thing，??, For another，??.Therefore，wish you would look into occurrence immediately and send me a replacement as soon as I possible.or I will demand a refund.Yours，Xiao xiang

三、邀請信 ★★★★★

寫作模式：發(fā)出邀請+說明事由+說明活動地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間+表示期待、感謝 邀請信分為發(fā)出的邀請信和回復(fù)別人的邀請信。一發(fā)出的邀請信 分為邀請名人和邀請參加聚會.⑴ 請名人

Dear ??，We should be very grateful if you could ??/May I take the opportunity to you to ??.（兩句皆 可）.Please let me know as soon as possible if you come and when you will be able to make it.Sincerely，Xiao xiang ⑵ 請參加聚會 Dear ??，I wonder if there is any chance for you to come to …….It would be my pleasure to share the important moments with you.……I am glad to tell you that …….There are also arrangements for ……, which I am sure you will thoroughly enjoy.The dinner starts at …… so that we can have a nice and long evening.I would love for you to attend, so pleasure let me know your decision.Love，Xiao xiang

（3）回復(fù)別人的邀請信 ：一般情況下為拒絕別人的邀請信

Dear ??，It，s an honor for me to be invited, but I deeply regret being unable to ??.??.I do hope I can have a chance to visit ??.Regretfully，Xiao xiang

（此種寫信格式為頂格式寫作 在考研英語作文中比較少見 但不失為一種新穎的寫作方法 可借鑒）另：附邀請信參考句式： ①It would give me/us great pleasure to have your presence at the Reception /Dinner/Ceremony to be held on ??(date)at ??（place）at ??（time）.②It is my pleasure, on behalf of ??, to invite you to visit our university for a week/to present a key-note speech on ??.③We are having /planning a ?? on ??(date)and we think it would be a good idea if you can join us.2 ★★★

四、致歉信 ★★★

寫作模式: 表示歉意+說明理由+提出彌補(bǔ)措施+請求原諒

Dear Sir or Madam，I regret to tell you that I won t be able to ??.Consequently, I wish to know if it would be possible for you to ??.I apologize for any inconvenience I have caused, and thank you for your understanding.You can contact me at ??, or call me at ??.Yours Sincerely，五、感謝信 ★★★

寫作模式: 表示感謝+說明事由+再次表示感謝

Dear ??，Please accept my thanks for the very pleasant time I spent together with you for ??, I very much appreciated your hospitality.??.I know the beautiful day will keep me happy for a long time.Thanks again for your warm hospitality and goodbye!I hope I can return your favors at ??very soon.Cordially，Sincerely，Xiao xiang

Xiao xiang

六、推薦信 ★★★★★

寫作模式:

To whom It May Concern,(解釋為相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人)In reply to ??(人名)request for a letter of recommendation, I have great pleasure to write this letter in his favor.??(人名)was working with me for ??(three、four)years in the capacity of confidential clerk.We are once very good working terms.??(人名)left me just because ??.During the years he was in my service, his work was highly appreciated bye everyone in my firm.He was conscientious to his work and responsible for his clients.I am sure you will find him strictly honest hardworking and intelligent in the best sense of the word, as I found his here.Yours Sincerely，Xiao xiang

七、辭職信 ★★★

寫作模式: 提出辭職+說明原因、表示遺憾或感謝+期盼回復(fù)

Dear ??，I am writing to inform you of my intention of withdrawing form my current position in ??.Thank you very much for having given me this opportunity to take such a promising position in …….Though having …….I, unfortunately, find that…….First of all, ……, moreover, …….Therefore, I decided to quit this position after careful consideration.I wish you will considek my request.I apologize in advance for any inconvenience it might bring to you.Yours Sincerely，Xiao xiang

另：附辭職信參考句式： ①Looking back upon ??.②my present job doesn,t fall in with my previous training and strength.③However, As a young man whose primary interest is ?? rather than ??.④I have had a very happy and enjoyable time working with you and other colleagues, from whom I have received lots of help and have learnt much.⑤Please accept my sincere gratitude, as much as my regret for not being able to serve here any longer.⑥I am sorry to inform you by this letter that I plan to ??.八、求職信 ★★★ ★★★

寫作模式: 自我介紹、說明求職原因+表示個(gè)人能力、經(jīng)歷及求職動機(jī)+希望取得面試機(jī)會、表示感謝

Dear Sir or Madam，I am writing to apply for the position of ?? you advertised in yesterday,s ??.To briefly introduce myself, I am a graduate student of ??university majoring in ……, and 4 expect graduation this June, not only have I excellent academic performance in all courses, I also posses the rich experience of …… My interactive personal skill and teamwork spirit are also appropriate for this post.My complete resume is attached.I would be grateful if you could arranger an interview at your earlist convenience.Yours Sincerely，Xiao xiang

九、請求信 ★★★

寫作模式: 介紹自己、提出請求+說明原因及其它事項(xiàng)+表達(dá)協(xié)議、期盼回復(fù)

Dear Sir or Madam，I am writing in the hope of your assistance to/ I would like to apply for ??/ I wonder if and you could spare some time to ??.(三句皆可)??.Thank you for your time and patience./ Thank you for your consideration.I am looking forward to your reply./Looking forward to a prompt reply form you.(三句皆可)

Sincerely Yours，Xiao xiang

十、建議信 ★★★

寫作模式: 自我介紹、說明目的+委婉提出建議及改進(jìn)措施或提出忠告+禮貌地總結(jié)或期盼回復(fù)

To whom It May Concern,(解釋為相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人)

As a ??, I would like to take the opportunity to express my appreciation for your kind assistance as always.Meanwhile, I feel that it would be benifical to express my views concerning ??.In the first place, ??.I would also recommend ??.Last but not least, ??.I hope that you take my suggestions into serious consideration.Yours Sincerely，Xiao xiang

十一、賀信 ★★★★★

寫作模式: 說明事由并表達(dá)自己衷心的祝賀+展開評論事件、贊揚(yáng)收信人+再次表達(dá)良好祝愿

Dear ??，I am much delighted to learn that ??.This is a special and happy moment for you and proud of your achievement.??.not only ??, but also ??.I believe this position will be a new beginning, a chance for you to embrace a fuller life and pave the way for a brilliant future career.Please accept my most sincere congratulations!Best wishes，Yours Sincerely，Xiao xiang

十二、訂購信★★

訂購信一般用于訂購某種貨物或機(jī)票、車票，屬于事務(wù)信件。在書寫訂購信的時(shí)候，最重要的是要清新明白地說明所要訂購的對象的數(shù)量、價(jià)格、規(guī)格等等，如果是機(jī)票、車票等，則須說明出發(fā)地、目的地、出發(fā)時(shí)間等。此外，寫明你自己的名字、地址、郵編，以及你期望的送貨方式等也是非常重要的。要避免寫冗長的句子，因?yàn)榇祟愋藕詡鬟_(dá)信息為主，所以能讓對方明白你的意圖是最重要的。

下面是一封訂購飛機(jī)票的信函： Dear Sir or Madam:

I am on an urgent mission and want to get to Hong Kong as soon as possible.Please reserve for me a seat in the plane leaving Guangzhou for Hong Kong at 8 a.m.tomorrow.A seat by the window in the economic section is preferred.I shall be very grateful if you would deliver the ticket to Room 418 of the Baiyun Hotel where I am staying.If there is no seat available at 8 a.m.tomorrow, please inform me as soon as possible, so that I can change a flight.Thank you very much!

Yours faithfully，Steve Brown

十三、投訴信★★★

投訴信一般是針對質(zhì)量低劣的產(chǎn)品或者服務(wù)，其送寄對象應(yīng)該是對方主管部門的負(fù)責(zé)人。寫投訴信的目的是為了讓對方同情你的遭遇或者碰到的問題，繼而給出你所期望的解決方法。因此，寫這類信件最重要的一點(diǎn)是要實(shí)事求是，一定要遵守“簡明、公正”的原則，切勿夸大其詞，引起對方的反感。

投訴信中應(yīng)該包含的內(nèi)容有：你所投訴的問題；該問題給你造成的不良后果；與投訴有關(guān)的重要依據(jù)，如商品簡要說明、購買日期地點(diǎn)等；你所希望的解決方法和最后結(jié)果。此外，還可以向?qū)Ψ浇ㄗh解決問題的最后日期，并表示對所投訴問題的妥善解決充滿信心。

投訴信一般可分為三段：第一段說明信的主要意思，即提出要解決的問題，以及解決問題的重要性；第二段可以解釋一下詳細(xì)的情況，提出與投訴有關(guān)的重要依據(jù)；最后一段一般是提建議，說出你所期望的解決方法。

以下是一封樣信：

Dear Sir，Enclosed is one sample of the envelopes which your delivery truck left in our office yesterday.We wish, however, to exchange them for the correct size, or obtain a refund.When our supply secretary selected and purchased official envelopes in your store last week on December 12, she asked that size L be sent to our office.The size we received is small, and of course it does not serve our needs.The sales receipt is #3968, dated December 12, written by salesclerk #189.Please send us the correct size L envelopes in exactly the same style and color, or if this is not available now, cash refund of $ 50.50.Thank you very much..Sincerely yours，Li Ming

十四、捐助信★★

寫作模式：向有關(guān)部門提出捐助申請，申明捐助對象和理由，明確捐助方式或內(nèi)容，期盼回復(fù)。

To whom it may concern，I am writing to offer aid to …….How can I aid ……..? When I saw …….on television , it seemed

as through I also heard the voices of their hearts asking for help.I want to do whatever I can do to help ……..I would particularly like to donate ……..Thank you for taking my contribution into consideration.Please notify me when you find a suitable recipient , and send me his/her detailed information.Sincerely yours，Li Ming 其他應(yīng)用文：

便箋類 告示類

一、通知二、三、四、五、六、海報(bào)

啟事（招聘、尋物、招領(lǐng)、征稿、更正）演講稿 備忘錄 便條

以上（其他應(yīng)用文）詳見模擬練習(xí)復(fù)印版~

2013年考研英語大作文模板

2013考研英語大作文三大類模板，出題基本上在這三種類型，需要提醒大家的是：模板并不是作文，需要靈活運(yùn)用才能拿更高分。

分類一：不利于社會的現(xiàn)象 92-溝通 97-吸煙

98-虛假承諾 99-人口增長與環(huán)境 00-過度捕撈 06-偶像崇拜 05-孝順 11-環(huán)保

分類二：自身發(fā)展所需的品質(zhì) 94-交友 96-健康

03-獨(dú)立能力 04-發(fā)展

07-自信與挑戰(zhàn) 08-互助合作 12-樂觀態(tài)度

分類三：好壞分論 91-城鄉(xiāng)居住 93-電視廣告 09-網(wǎng)絡(luò)

分類三：好現(xiàn)象 95-希望工程 01-愛心

02-10-文化交流

模板一（分類一）

As is vividly/symbolically depicted in the picture/cartoon,we can notice that____ Through the thought-provoking illustration, the drawer aims to point out that attention has to be paid to ___.(解釋現(xiàn)象,一兩句話足矣).There is no telling how our future will precisely be if we allow this phenomenon continue as it is, however, absolutely will it be a prospect horrifies everyone.By that time, social stability will on the edge of precipice.So to sum up, it is imperative for us to envisage realities and take effective measures before the situation turns from bad to worse.For one thing, our authorities should exercise strict control over___.(___).For another, we should cultivate the awareness of people that ___ is very vital to us.(___).As is often the case, it is our unconscious behavior that aggravate the problem.Only in this way can we curb the current evil phenomenon revealed in the picture and develop a harmonious social atmosphere.附上一些句子可以用在模板中：

1: To serve as responsible stewards of the planet,we should reject the false behaviour and comply with the code of conduct consciously.2: behaviors which harm public order or violate social ethics 3: we should respect the surrounding w living in and behavior as a literate person.4: Nowadays, the absence of fundamental social ethic of many, if not the most, people may lead to a serious consequence.5: 道德方面 ___has always been the traditional virtue of Chinese culture for thousands of years.模板二（分類二）

As is vividly/symbolically depicted in the picture/cartoon,we can notice that____.[The caption in the drawing reads:"".] [Which may open the door to success.] Undoubtedly, through the thought-provoking illustration, the drawer aims at reminding us the significance of ___.Owing to te quickening pace of life, competition goes increasingly fierce in all walks of life, and this makes it easier for us to encounter difficulties on our way to success.Then we need ___ to surmount the challenge.Once a person lose___,he can hardly attain success.(例子，實(shí)例或虛例).When all factors are considered, we may safely come to the conclusion that ___ really count in this competitive society.It deserves more attention and praising from the public.For one thing, our authorities should publicize the noble story of eminent people who attain outstanding achievement in their career, and set good examples for the children.For another, parents and teachers should cultivate children 's concept of the significance of ___ since childhood.例子：For instance, when we come to a difficulty in our study, work and life.[We should strengthen our mind, which will lead to a powerful impetus, to solve the problem.] Thus we will take a solid step towards success.Also, when we look back to history, we can find that the elitists____.模板三（分類三）

As is vividly/symbolically depicted in the picture/cartoon,we can notice that____.Through the thought-provoking illustration, the drawer aims to point out the advantages and disadvantages of ___.As ___ is playing an increasing important role in our daily life nowadays.Just like a coin has two sides, ___ is a two-edged weapon.On one hand, ___.On the other hand, ___.So to sum up, it is imperative for us to take effective measures aims at the disadvantages ___ bring to us.For one thing, our authorities should exercise strict control over ___.Person who attempt to destroy the normal order of ___ should be punished seriously, thus to establish a healthy ___ culture.For another, we should cultivate ourselves the capability of distinguishing right from wrong and utilize ___ moderately.Thus, we will enjoy a better life and develop a harmonious society.出題基本上在前三種類型，但分類四也不能丟。另外模板并不是作文，需要靈活運(yùn)用才能拿更高分。

另不好現(xiàn)象中也有可以正面出題的題型，例如05-孝順11-環(huán)保，但一般來說從反面寫作容易些，就算給的圖闡釋的是一個(gè)好現(xiàn)象也可以從反面論述。但正面論述也要練習(xí)幾篇。

附加篇： 從類型上： 1.圖畫作文

It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message about _______(圖畫主題)，which is ______________(進(jìn)一步的說明)。He seems to be saying that_______________(給出細(xì)節(jié))。In my opinion，___________(個(gè)人闡述)。

This simple picture is a wake up call for ______(所涉群體，如the whole of the human race)。Therefore，it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to put an end to _____________(問題所在)。One the one hand，we must _________________(建議一)。It is clear that the drawer of the illustration is urging us to _________(進(jìn)一步說明)。On the other hand，________________(建議二)Only in this way can we___________(展望前景)。2.圖表作文

The chart gives us an overall picture of the ____________(圖表主題)。The first thing we notice is that_______________(圖表最大特點(diǎn))。This means that as __________，_________________(進(jìn)一步說明)。

We can see from the statistics given that _______________(圖表細(xì)節(jié)一)。After ving_________(細(xì)節(jié)一中的第一個(gè)變化)，the _____Ved+幅度+時(shí)間(緊跟著的變化)。The figures also tells us that_________________________(圖表細(xì)節(jié)二)。(數(shù)據(jù)位置，如In the second column)，we can see that ____________accounts for _______(進(jìn)一步描述)。

Judging from these figures，we can draw the conclusion that___________(結(jié)論)。The reason for this，as far as I am concerned is that_____________(給出原因)。/ It is high time that we Ved(發(fā)出倡議)3.利弊型作文

Recently the issue of whether or not______(討論話題)has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.There are two major arguments that can be made for_________.For one thing，__________can bring ____ to_____________(優(yōu)點(diǎn)一)。For another，it is widely hold that people usually ____when ________________________________(優(yōu)點(diǎn)二)。But we must not lose sight of the fact that there are also drawbacks to__________，among which are ____________(列舉缺點(diǎn))。For instance，it can be __________to _____________(舉例說明)。In addition，many people find it ________(形容詞)to _______________(第二個(gè)缺點(diǎn))When asked to __________，I tend to ____________.This is because I _______________(原因一)。Furthermore，_______________________(原因二)。Finally，______________(原因三)。4.展望未來型

The effects ___________ has produced on____________ can be boiled down to two major ones.First，__________________(影響一)。More importantly，________________(影響二)。Hence，I believe that we will see a ____________(提出展望)/ Nevertheless，I do not think we will see a ______(或反面展望)There are numerous reasons why ____，and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.The first is that the more(比較級)_____，the more(比較級)。In addition，we all aGREe that________________________(第二個(gè)原因)*提綱式命題作文

提綱式作文既有論說文，也有議論文。它主要考查的內(nèi)容為：說明主題，分析原因或解釋做法。例如：1995年的試題“希望工程”中提綱的要求是：(1)Present situation.(2)Necessity of the project.(3)My suggestion.它要求考生解釋說明“希望工程”，分析開展希望工程的意義和原因，聯(lián)系考生自己提出一些建議或具體的做法。從提綱的要求上看，提綱式命題作文對聯(lián)系社會的要求不是很多，寫作難度也相對較小。它要求考生在正確理解題意的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)提綱去選擇素材。提綱提供了每段的段落大意，在開展論述時(shí)不能偏離提綱或改變內(nèi)容。提綱一般為三部分，考生應(yīng)針對提綱采用三段的結(jié)構(gòu)來開展文章。如：

Nowadays，China’s economy is fast developing.People’s living standard has improved a lot.In some areas，however，there are still many people living below the poverty line.They have difficulties for the very basics like food and clothes，let alone getting good education.What can we do to help these less developed areas in our country? I think we can do the following things.First of all，the government and our society must pay more attention to these less developed areas.The government should spend more money on the basic construction projects in these areas instead of spending it on cultural and artistic projects in cities.It should also encourage some private enterprises and companies to donate to these poor areas.Secondly，transportation is very important in less developed areas.We should help them build more railways and more roads so that the local people can benefit from the convenient transportation.It can also promote their communication with developed areas.Finally，technology is necessary in developing economy in these areas.Poor farmers should be taught technology and new skills and should have easier access to money in the bank，such as getting loans to start businesses.All in all，so long as we continue our efforts to help these less developed areas，these areas will shake off poverty sooner or later.再如：

Directions：

Write an article to an English newspaper discussing laid-off workers and re-employment in China.In your article you should(1)describe briefly the present situation of unemployment，(2)analyze the causes of it，(3)give advice for re-employment.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.范文：

There is an increasing number of workers，not only the middle-aged but also the young who are laid off from their jobs.Some laid-offs thus become poverty-stricken and can hardly support their children to continue their studies.And those employed are also worried a great deal that someday they may lose their jobs.This phenomenon has caught great attention in society.In order to maintain social stability，many re-employment service centers are being set up to give the laid-offs a helping hand.The increasing number of laid-off workers is caused mainly by the industrial restructuring and economic development across the country.In market economy，the enterprises have to reduce workforce or the redundant.Another reason is that some enterprises claim bankruptcy owing to their poor management and backward product structure，which made millions of workers jobless.Laborers from the countryside are also contributing to the increasing numbers of the laid-offs.Off-job doesn’t mean no job.There are plenty of opportunities for the laid-off workers to be re-employed.Take Shanghai for example，the city is developing into an international economic center，shifting its old labor intensive industries out of the city and replacing them with new enterprises.But there is a fundamental requirement for the laid-offs if they want to be enrolled in these new posts.They must have certain skills.To many laid-off workers，they have to get job training to make themselves qualified and competitive in the human resources market.從主題上： 5.網(wǎng)絡(luò)問題

In recent years，people are developing an inseparable relationship with Internet.As is vividly depicted in the picture，it is convenient for us to click the mouse when surfing on line，either to entertain ourselves or to meet the work‘s needs.Actually on-line visiting has become a routine activity in our everyday life.However，it seems rather ironic to use a chain instead of normal wire to connect with the mouse in this picture.The exaggerative and impressive portrayal has subtly revealed the duality of the relationship between man and Internet.Discussion on the duality has become very popular in newspapers or in people‘s chats.On the one hand，no one denies that Internet is currently one of the most useful media in our daily life.People from all walks of life are benefiting considerably from its powerful function of information communication.But on the other hand，a GREat many people admit that they are too much addicted to Internet to maintain a regular and wholesome lifestyle.Cyber-living resembles the experience of looking constantly into a kaleidoscope which displays both colored patterns and illusions.Such a waste of time inevitably leads to their failure in their life and work.Accordingly，it is necessary for us to use Internet in a reasonable way and restrain from overindulgence.For one thing，college students in expanding numbers get on line every day to learn the news，to study English by registering for web courses，to exchange information through e-mails with their net friends and to download their favorite music，F(xiàn)LASH，film and pictures.Being veteran on-line shoppers，they frequently purchase books，CDs at much lower prices.For another，once indulged in the fictitious world，people can barely concentrate on real life.Consequently，many students just chat on line or play computer games immoderately everyday，skipping many essential classes.After all，Internet is invented to enrich our life，to connect you and me，and to improve the efficiency of our work rather than shackle us with a chain.6.環(huán)境問題

the pictures symbolically illustrate pollution is becoming increasingly serious around the globe.In the first cartoon，a man is scorching the earth on a chimney.In the second one，a famous ancient Chinese poet，Wang Bo is astonished by the heavy smoke poured by chimneys into the air and dirty river polluted by a factory.We are informed that “the autumn river is the same color with the sky”。the drawer is sending a message about the significance of the need for everyone to fight against the danger of environmental pollution.There is no denying that the industry is indications of civilization，proGREss and development.Unfortunately，as industry develops，so will the number of factories，and the amount of industry pollutants.We are so development-oriented that we almost can sacrifice our blue sky and pure water in order to obtain a little material gain.As a consequence，it is imperative for us to take drastic actions.On the one hand，the factories should be equipped with devices which can dispose of waste gas and water so as to prevent them from polluting our planet.On the other hand，there should be an increasingly loud voice from the public for firm actions against poisonous gas sent off and unhealthy water polluted by factories.7.環(huán)境保護(hù)類

模板1：

This is a very interesting piece of cartoon, in thanks to.Hence,.Though being a little exaggerating, the cartoon illuminates a serious fact that , and for that matter,.A recent report also supported this view by.On the contrary, we are sad to perceive that.Therefore, in my opinion, it is already high time for the whole world to form a solid cooperation fighting against , because not a single government or person can be exempt from its harm.A series of down-to-earth measures need to be urgently implemented to control.(參見范文2)

模板2：

Nowadays, lots of people have the illusion that.Just as what is shown in the picture,.This is a very serious social problem.Compared with other countries, China.If everybody behaves in this way, it would be far beyond the country’s capacity to.Moreover, it was reported that.Meanwhile,.Also,.Though , it is never the only way.What’s important, to solve these problems depends largely on our responsibility for society and environment.If the sense of responsibility is greatly aroused, the achievement of harmony between man and the environment will not be far away.(參見范文7)

? 功能II：論證觀點(diǎn)

這種類型的文章主要分析論證一些具體的觀點(diǎn)。一般情況下三段的分布為：第一段描述圖畫內(nèi)容，第二段提出觀點(diǎn)、進(jìn)行理論分析和事例分析，第三段總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)、表明態(tài)度。8.職業(yè)道德

the cartoons vividly depict people in expanding numbers are engaged in open and rampant cheating in business.In the first drawing，a boy has no courage to have dinner in front of delicious foods in that there may exist pesticide pollution or poisonous elements in the foods.In the second picture，the administrative office，salesmen，breeding families and forage shops are laughing at the hanging of a poisonous duck.Professional dishonesty has a very damaging effect.In the first place，since cheating in business reveals the moral deficiencies as well as the humanity weakness of those businessmen who engage in it，the dishonest practice will ultimately exerts a perverse influence on the whole society.In the second place，it not only puts honest businessmen at a competitive disadvantage，encouraging those who did not cheat to adopt similar practices later，but undermines the very foundation of professional ethics in business.模板1：

We can see from the picture that , but.If , he would surely express.There are three reasons to explain why it happens to.Firstly, , which resulted from.Secondly, though ,.Consequently,.Thirdly,.I maintain that effective measures should be taken to put an end to this phenomenon.Firstly, we need to endeavor to advocate.Secondly, strict regulations should be enacted and enforced to create a harmonious and orderly society.Only through the combined efforts can we eliminate this “tumor” forcefully and completely.(參見范文6)

模板2：

As is shown in the cartoon,.Take in the cartoon for example.This phenomenon appears commonly in our daily life.Nowadays,.Instead, they only try their best to Such deeds not only , but also.Therefore, it is of great significance to take actions to change this phenomenon.First and foremost,.In addition,.All these steps can help guarantee a solid economic order and a harmonious society.(參見范文8)

It is often painful to impose sanctions in a specific case.But it is worthwhile.For one thing，to eliminate professional dishonesty thoroughly，serious forms of punishment for a willful offense—a suspension of the offender from business—should be applied.For another，since the incentives to engage in cheating in business are mainly due to a lack of adequate precautions，drastic actions should be taken to prevent one form of cheating or another.9、身體健康類

模板1：

The picture.What is strikingly noticeable is , but it can be easily explained by shown in the picture.The discernable unhealthiness discloses a prevalent phenomenon that has long existed in the China’s.One the one hand,.On the other hand,.As a result, the integration of poor living conditions and work pressure leads naturally to their poor health and short life-span, just as the picture tells us.The situation is rather depressing because , and it is largely owing to.To solve the problem, I think there should be a thriving social trend , and those who should be rewarded with good living and working conditions.(參見范文2)

模板2：

In the picture, we are amazed to find that.It clearly tells us that in the domain of , there are.has long been a problem since , and are turning to be an increasingly severe problem because of.Besides, there are more reasons responsible for this issue.Firstly,.Secondly,.Thirdly,.Judging from the analysis above, we may safely come to the conclusion that the daunting problem demands effective counter-measures.Most importantly, the government needs to implement sufficiently relevant laws and regulations in order to enhance the strength of.In addition, all residents should be aware of.(參見范文8)

10、人口增長類

模板1：

The picture depicts a scene in which.The scene is presented in an artistic and ironic manner.Crowds of people are crammed in.Further examination reveals that.Apparently, the picture symbolizes that humans, with such a huge population, may one day suffer from the exhaustion of earth resources.Take for example.Given the fact that , we find that.To make it worse,.If the conflict between population boom and shortage of resources is not properly controlled, we have every reason to hold a pessimistic perspective towards human’s future on Earth.Perhaps eventually we would face the situation suggested by the picture, that is,.Accordingly, I strongly recommend that the whole globe launch aggressive programs to address this fatal contradiction.(參見范文3)

模板2：

Basically, what we see in this cartoon is.The interestingly echos the.while we can imagine.We can deduce from this picture that the artist is trying to attract our attention to the present exploding world population.The striking point is that.As a result,.On the contrary,.The simple picture is a wake-up call for the whole of human race..Hence, mankind should cooperate worldwide to control population by effective measures, in order to secure the prosperity of our future on this planet.(參見范文2)

11、情感類

模板1：

As is shown in the picture above,.Obviously from we can surmise that.It goes without saying that the primary purpose of the picture lies in eulogizing the practice of.As a matter of fact, it is not rare to find in our everyday life deeds of similar nature.For instance,.Additionally, we can also hear many stories about.Not to mention those moving cases of.All in all, I firmly believe that a harmonious society is based on a.By , people not only harvest , but also gain that can never be purchased via money.(參見范文7)

模板2： , just as is depicted in the picture.It is not difficult to find that in today’s society, more and more people begin to.It is rather good news to.The picture reminds us that in China, due to ,.Moreover, there are.In addition, we should not forget.is a good way to express human love.To some extent, it also reflects individuals’ sense of social responsibility.It is also a feeling from deep heart that is beyond words and is difficult to obtain no matter how rich one is.Therefore, I strongly advocate that.I am sure our society will hence be more beautiful because of.這種類型的文章主要描述一些現(xiàn)象并具體分析解釋現(xiàn)象的原因等。一般情況下三段的分布為：第一段描述圖畫內(nèi)容，第二段分析該現(xiàn)象的原因、意義等，第三段總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)、或提出建議。

12文化交流類

模板1：

It is a very eye-catching photo in which.What makes this picture extraordinary is , which clearly indicates.The sense of that permeates this picture is representative of , that is, , and therefore,.China, in particular,.The effect of such communication can be best exemplified by.While people belong to nations, cultures know no boundary.is not only featured by , but more importantly, by.I firmly believe that is contributing, and will contribute more to the world’s peace, development, and prosperity.(參見范文1)

模板2：

What is presented here is a very interesting scenario..From the subtitle we can infer that.Conspicuously,.We can deduce from the picture that.It partly owes to , and partly to.Except the case reflected in the picture, there are numerous evidence demonstrating.For example,.From a personal point of view, I am delighted to witness.To sum up,.As for China,.Therefore, I can firmly conclude that in the long run, cultural exchanges will contribute to a flourishing Chinese and global economy, as well as diversified cultures.13、教育類

模板1：

As the title indicates, “ ”, the set of pictures apparently reminds us that.It is discernable that.The drawing virtually reminds its audience a widespread phenomenon existing negatively in the area of basic education in China, that is,.That is to say,.Such a practice is very harmful in terms of the following aspects.Firstly,.Secondly,.Last but not the least,.In my point of view, , but it is only part of the picture.On the other hand,.Therefore, it is an urgent task to.As children are the future of our nation, creating a good environment for their upbringing means creating a bright and promising future for our nation.模板2：

The picture shows.symbolizes.As is quoted in the picture,.It apparently mirrors an increasingly common social phenomenon in China— in contrast with.One the one hand, the problem partially attributes to.Sometimes.On the other hand,.For example, , while.In my opinion, the government needs to launch a reform in the education system with measures that can show immediate effect.proves to be most beneficial to students.Further, a large-scale reform in the macroeconomic level to is the basic solution of this issue.14、人生價(jià)值類

模板1：

As the old Chinese saying goes,.It echoes with this picture in which.The title of the picture further points out that.The picture is meant to.As far as I am concerned, I think.This universal truth can be particularly proved in the field of , where.A brief survey of history about also demonstrates the fundamental importance of., for example,.The same principle applies to common people as well, and I am sure everybody can benefit from.模板2：

From the picture we can perceive that.What astonishes the drawing and the readers is that.It is known to all that , but it seems.The artist utilizes this artistic presentation to imply a spreading vogue that.Ultimately, the trend boils down to.Accordingly,.To worsen the problem, this behavior is evoking.In my point of view, we are in a prime time to curb the problem from deteriorating.First and foremost, the whole society should arrive at the consensus that.Besides, an awareness of should be infused into everybody’s mind.15、家庭關(guān)系類

模板1：

The cartoon reveals a very thought-provoking scene.The artist purposefully exaggerates.This picture reveals the in-depth problem of.In fact,.There are two reasons for this.The first and perhaps most important is that.The other reason is more serious from a practical point of view..It owes to.In my point of view, the trend goes quite against the genuine and original purpose of our.What I want to emphasize by the above analysis is that,.Therefore, I strongly contend that.模板2：

There is a popular Chinese song, named “ ”, which encourages.However, the in the picture does but for a very different reason—.From the facial expression of we can read.Sadly as it is, this phenomenon does not occur rarely in today’s society, for which are responsible.For one thing,.For another,.As a matter of fact, the boosting economic development in China sadly and ironically witnesses a deterioration of.The above analysis is best exemplified by.In my opinion, the awareness of is elementary for paving the way towards success.16、社會熱點(diǎn)類

模板1：

The two pictures illustrate vividly.In the left picture , while in the right.From the two pictures we can sense a crazy tendency of.Aside from , another telling example is , which was so successful in that.The pictures also make it obvious that we should.Admittedly, it is natural that.Nevertheless, it is the responsibility of our government and society to.In my opinion, what’s the more important is to.In short,.(參見范文1)

模板2：

It goes without saying that this picture aims at revealing a current problem:.In this drawing,.Even.It seems to me that the artist is sending a message about the importance of.Though the drawing is a little exaggerating, it is not rare for us to find in.If we let this situation of continues, it not only harms , but also prevents.Accordingly, we urgently call for.Though the government has already taken pains to implement regulations, it still failz to.In my opinion, this problem should be urgently solved so as to protect benefits.I expect the government will put forward more effective propositions as soon as possible.比較不同事物或者同一事物的不同方面的文章模板：

一般情況下三段的分布為：第一段描述圖畫內(nèi)容、提出問題，第二段列舉和分析對于該問題的不同看法和觀點(diǎn)、進(jìn)行對比和比較，第三段闡明自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法。

模板1：

According to the two pictures presented, it can be observed that.In the left picture,.A the same time, as the right one shows.Different people have different views on.Some people support by claiming that.In their opinion,.In addition,.Meanwhile, there are some people, especially young men, who.Their reasons are quite different, sometimes for , sometimes for , sometimes simply for.In my point of view, both sides are partly right.To thoroughly analyze this problem, we should take into consideration of all relevant aspects, so as to make the right decision.Therefore, my conclusion would be that.模板2：

From the drawing, we can learn that.It can be seen easily that..We can deduce from that people’s opinion on vary from person to person.Some people take it for granted that.For example, they firmly believe that.But they often neglect that fact that.Yet there are also another group of people who hold a different point of view.They think that.Beside,.Personally, my attitude for this matter is positive, with reasons as follows.Firstly,.Moreover,.Lastly,.Therefore,.

第四篇：考研英語大小作文

小作文

Recruitment announcement

Do you want to be part of(組織/單位名稱)do you want to(工作帶啦的誘人待遇？)here comes your opportunity becoming(職位名稱).In order to assure its success, we will recruit …from….if you possess(應(yīng)聘者需要具備的素質(zhì)),you will be the ideal candidate we are looking for.To seize such wonderful opportunity, you just need to send your resume to….Tf needing more details ,please contact us at our telephone number 123456789.詢問信

Dear Sir：

I would like to inquire about some information on(主旨),I would be very grateful if you could reply as soon as possible.I shall be grateful if you could have details concerning(主旨)available.we would be grateful for many further information you may be able to give us about the(主旨).Would you please tell me ….I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.邀請信

Dear ….:

I am pleased to invite you to participate in(活動名稱)to be held from 時(shí)間to 時(shí)間 in 地點(diǎn).You are welcome to the party.The party will hold a lot of wonderful surprise for you ,so make sure you join us then.It will also be an opportunity for all of us to step out of our professional roles and really connect as people.活動名稱 is served st 6pm,and there are games afterwards.We hope you can conce, and look forward to seeing you by then.I am looking forward to your reply.祝賀

Dear …:

I am extremely glad to hear that you 成就in your ….I congratulate you on this achievement.It is excellment of you to 成就.as we all know, you are always intelligence, which is essential to 成就.Moreover, your diligence enable you to 成就.I think that is 主題句.There is no doubt that 成就.Having you as a friend , I really feel both proud and lucky because I can often learn so much from you.I am sure, you will continue to challenge your self to ever greater success in your future career.求職信

Dear …:

I have read your advertisement in 地點(diǎn)of 時(shí)間for 職位, and should be grateful if you consider me as a candidate for the position.Keenly interested I am in the post of 職位 you have advertised on the job market because I think my major ,right personality and my practical experience particularly matches your requirements of the post.For one thing, ….For another, …

I shall be pleased to furnish you with any further information concerning my education and work experience.If my application were taken into favorable consideration, I would be most grateful.I am looking forward to your early reply.求學(xué)信

Dear…:

I wish to apply to admission to your department as a postgraduate student.As your require, I have written a personal statement to give a detailed description of my academic and work experience in 現(xiàn)讀 university.I also wrote my reasons for my pursuit of the 出國讀的專業(yè) program.I will graduate from 現(xiàn)讀 university.I have always abtained straight a grades on all subjects.Besides, I have much practical experience.In a word , I am confident that I qualify for the past.It would be appreciative of you if you could send me relevant information at your earliest convenience.推薦信

Dear…:

It has always been a great pleasure to write to you since I can never fail to get help, inspiration or enlightenment from you.Now I am writing to recommend to you 推薦人 who wants to pursue 推薦人去干什么.推薦人was one of students in ….University.She was one of the most excellent students in our university as can be seen from her straight a grades on all subjects.After graduation she worked in 工作單位 for three years, which considerably added to her practical experience.It is my belief that with her intelligence, diligence and rich experience, miss… has great potential for further development in 學(xué)校/單位.Therefore ,I recommend her to you with no reservations.If any further information about her is required, please let me know.Yours sincerely，Li ming

申請信

Dear…:

I am writing to apply for 干什么.My teacher prof, 人 strongly recommended that 去干什么，telling me that it would benefit me in many years to come.I have been….Ever since I was in elementary school.I hope I can grow up into a good … in your team, I will surely become more creative and enthusiastic.If my application could be taken into favorable consideration, I would be most grateful, I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely，Li ming

請求求助信

Dear …:

I am sorry that I have to ask a favour of you, with the hope that you will be kind to help me.I have been longing to … for a long time because I want to ….Unfortunately I find myself far from the required standard.At this moment, the personal friendship leads me to approach you with the request, whether you can manage to give me some constructive guidance.I promise to be a diligent student, If you agree, I will come to your house once a week at a time most convenient to you.Thank you very much for your kind help on many occasions in the past.Yours sincerely，Li ming

感謝信

Dear …，It is a great pleasure to extend my sincere gratitude to you for your considerate and warm treatment when I was in ….What a good time I had in ….My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond my words, I wish I could repay it someday.Yours sincerely，Li ming

道歉信

Dear …，I must apologize to you for 主旨.It was very kind of you to give me such a good change.But now, much to my regret that I may not be able to continue to do it, because ….If you should find our activities bothersome, please do not hesitate to let us know.It is due to my negligence, for which I can exceedingly sorry.The reason for my decision is that ….Please accept my sincere apology for 主旨o(jì)nce more.I can very sorry for that and really regret that I would miss such an excellent chance of ….Besides, please give my regards to eberyone.Sincerely yours，Li ming

介紹信

Dear …，Please allow me to take this opportunity to introduce 人, from university of 學(xué)校.I would be grateful for anything you could do for him to 干什么.人is an extremely enthusiastic and enterprising person.He has various practical experience for more than three years.I am sure that his participation will do a lot of help to your team.人 will be arriving here on … and he will soon go to visit you after arrival.You can introduce the overall development of 單位/組織 to him, and then explore the details of cooperation.My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond my words.Yours sincerely, Li ming

便簽（請假條）

Dear…，I am afraid that I won’t be … tonight because … and I plan to ….I had wanted to tell you that in person but you are not back yet.So I have to leave this note for you.Besides I have ….So I won’t be ….Would you do me a favor by …in my … to the teacher? Thanks.Take care of yourself.Yours sincerely，Li ming

英

1、cartoon Nowadays,主旨has become a hot topic of the general public in our society especially for those who are faced with this situation.As is vividly illustrated in the pictures, SCO.The caption reads ,圖下的標(biāo)題翻譯.On the contrary, SVO, we are informed that SVO.(this is …)

The cartoon descrikes a very common phenomenon in our society that SVO.The set of drawings above vividly depicts …

Having scrutinized the details of the pictures, we can discuss the implications.Subtly conveyed from it.This simple picture is wake-up call for the whole of then 發(fā)表評論：

Taking into account the factors above, we can safely draw a conclusion that SVO.On one hand, SVO.On the other hand, SVO.I believe then the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.舉例：

After careful thinking and reflection, we come to understand the enlightening picture step by step.It can be given a concrete example, SVO.Another good case in point is that SVO.In my belief, 主旨 is extremely significant to all of us in our society.措施：

Then, how should we solve this problem? There may be of some measures which can be taken immediately.For one thing, we should appeal to the government to make relevant laws and regulations to 限主旨想相關(guān).For another, we should enhance the awareness of people that 主題 is vital to us.Also I believe that we humans can overcome this difficulty, and we will have a brighter future.英2 It is generally believed that 詞 is a hot topic which is most talked about.As we can see from the table,第一圖主旨 increased decreased sharply from 數(shù)字in 時(shí)間 to 數(shù)字 in 時(shí)間（第二圖）steeply(slowly/slightly)while

This is something we should give more thought to.趨勢：（正負(fù)面皆可）

Undoubtedly, the tendency reflected from the table / chart will undergo a continuous increase /decrease in the near future.The time is right for us to take full advantage for ample existing opportunities.We do, in fact, have a long way to go to reach our final goal, but achievring some remains well within the realm of possibility.健康問題（good health）

In order to possess a healthy body, not only need we keep a nutritious diet and adequate sleep, it is crucial for individuals to form the habit of exercising regularly.（如何做）

On the individual level, his exercise improve his health and mood as well.On the social level, the improvement in quality of life contributes vastly to a harmonious society.(意義)產(chǎn)品對消費(fèi)者的傷害

對國家

On the micro level, consumers are vastly hurt by these products, which might even be life-threatening.On the macro level, if low-quality products continue to spread, they will damage the normal function of healthy market economy.虛假宣傳

Their emergence dues to the negative effect of a growing market economy.False advertisement seems to be most convenient to attract clients and increase profit.Private cars(私家車)The majority of people indulge in the convenience brought by cars while forgetting their harmful impact on the atmosphere.To improve and beautify the environment / human exploitation of natural resources has caused destruction that is for beyond our imagination.教育

In my opinions, there needs to be a comprehensive renovation in the educational system in which new educational concepts are introduced.Only by new teaching methods can we cultivate children into talents and elites who will meet the requirements of our society.正直誠實(shí)：

好處:

1、enable honest person to succeed in work and life.獲得成功

2、to work honestly to attain one’s life goal.實(shí)現(xiàn)人生目標(biāo)

3、to enhance reputation of a country.堅(jiān)持：（成功）

1、no accomplishment can be achieved in a short time, and success needs efferts.2、Success is founded on the basis of patient pursuit +定語從句 Olympic game 好處：

1、it can be a tremendous momentum pushing the country’s development

2、when equipped with willingness, spurring people to overcome any difficulty and conquer any challenge.獻(xiàn)愛心（災(zāi)區(qū)、世博）好處、意義：

1、contributing money and other necessities to people in need is a goal way to express human love.It reflects the sense of social responsibility.2、It also express a feeling from deep with one’s heart.3、A harmonious society is based on a sound relationship, 文化交流

好處：

1、cultural exchanges can enhance international friendship.2、people can acquire better understanding of each other.3、can also greatly benefit the countries and stimulate their own social development and culture prosperity.繁榮：thrive/boom/flourish/blossom 人口問題 解決問題：

1、the awareness of struggling for one’s life is essential to the young man

2、parents indulge children in consumption with an objective outlook on money 交通事故

Traffic accidents have long been a problem and are becoming a severe problem 原因：

1、many drivers are forced to drive days and nights

2、a lot of people drive after drinking alcohol 城市發(fā)展與歷史傳承

A balanced economic development is not accompanied by sacrifice of history.1、historical sites are the treasure of our country’s glorious past.We must figure out a win-win method to promote sustainable development while retaining our cultural heritage.一、身體健康 鍛煉 心理問題 減肥 知識分子 to develop good health 2 to keep regular exercise 3 to make more contributions to the society 4 to make do with bad diet 5 to neglect sports and exercise

二、職業(yè)道德及素質(zhì)類 虛假宣傳 假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品 排隊(duì) 鼓掌 文明言行 文明交通 謙虛 寬容 醫(yī)患矛盾 藥品回扣誠信 豆腐渣 家庭作坊衛(wèi)生 跳槽與商業(yè)機(jī)密 the sanitation problem of family workshops 2 the promise of one’s own responsibility is like a method of cheating, and is quit against professional morals(職業(yè)道德)3 low-quality products 4 the ignorance of sanitation 5 short of occupational disciplines 6 the false commercial advertising and promotion

三、工作就業(yè)前途 高薪

加班 技能 學(xué)歷 自立自強(qiáng) 創(chuàng)業(yè)

To find(searchhunt)the right career;to display talent and capability;to be of real service to fellowmen and the country;to feel guilty in front of parents and family supporters;to encounter discrimination on the basis of sex or height or even birthplace;to despise jobs of lower social status and less income;to avoid the possibility of working in the rural areas

四、環(huán)境保護(hù) 動植物保護(hù) 保護(hù)森林 水污染 汽車尾氣 沙塵暴 溫室效應(yīng) 節(jié)約資源 垃圾污染

The exhaustion of resources;pollutions from industrial production transform many clean rivers into undrinkable water.The convenience brought by cars, their harmful impact on the atmosphere.garbage output, such as plastics and glass.deforestation global warming, current greenhouse effect remains out of control human exploitation of natural resources

五、教育 上網(wǎng)成癮 上網(wǎng)交友 青少年犯罪 個(gè)人隱私 出國留學(xué) 知識學(xué)術(shù)欺詐 望子成龍 拔苗助長 應(yīng)試教育素質(zhì)教育 考試作弊 相互攀比 名牌 浪費(fèi) 課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān) 戀愛 兼職 占座 8090后 富二代 校園旅游 教育平等 獨(dú)生子女 農(nóng)民工子女 創(chuàng)新 迷信 溺愛 spoiled To concentrate limited resources on creative talents, or elite;

Enable students to possess better job skill;1 prepare students for future employment;2 to enhance the quality of population;to promote scientific and technological level;3 to prepare one for a better and more meaningful life rather than a job;one-child policy

migrant workers（農(nóng)民工）;impartial education opportunities overwhelming homework;quality education(素質(zhì)教育)a comprehensive renovation

六、人生價(jià)值 創(chuàng)新 勇氣 奮斗 勤儉 高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚 奉獻(xiàn) 浪費(fèi) 社會公德 幸福觀 勇敢 得與失 正直誠實(shí) 持之以恒 拼搏的奧運(yùn)精神 讀書 To be fair and upright;honest person;economical and simple life;to learn to be frugal;success derives from persistence Olympic motto read more books

七、情感 友誼 團(tuán)隊(duì)合作 teamwork and cooperation 幫助 selflessly offering help 讓座 鄰里關(guān)系 捐款獻(xiàn)愛心

show love;provide assistance to others.Contributing money and other necessities to people who are in great need Eager to donate money to charity

八、交流文化 中西方文化 民族文化 老外過春節(jié) 老外學(xué)書法 學(xué)英語 城市發(fā)展與歷史傳承

a balanced economic development is not necessarily accompanied by the sacrifice of history.Participating in the annual celebration of the Chinese spring festival Practicing Chinese calligraphy(書法)Cultural exchanges;acquire better understanding of each other.The traditional Chinese culture.Pass down culture habit and treasure;absorb and assimilate traditional culture;reserve and spread brilliant diverse culture;be under the threat of extinction;be in great danger

九、人口增長 人口質(zhì)量 小學(xué)生肥胖 養(yǎng)老與老齡化 性別比例

population aging;outdated and abandoned;to improve the living condition of the aging population;to respect and appreciate the aged;to provide safety and happiness the number of males outweighs that of females the population growth is almost out of control, the humans to live is increasingly circumscribed.十、家庭關(guān)系 養(yǎng)老 啃老

Young people are used to relying financially on their families

十一、社會熱點(diǎn) 黃天和諧社會 學(xué)術(shù)腐敗 可持續(xù)發(fā)展 抗?fàn)幘葹?zāi)眾志成城 交通旅游 國際化 堵車 寵物 農(nóng)業(yè) 酒后/疲勞駕車 黃金周旅游 traffic jams(堵車)the successful launch of the shenzhou-6 spaceship, our national strength and scientific competency.Traffic accidents;drive days and night with little rest;drive after drinking alcohol To keep domestic animals;to make family life more colorful and rich;to develop sense of responsibility and caring;to make people feel closer to the natural world;to spread disease and pollute living environment;to waste time and money;to scare and hurt people, kid and the aged alike

十二、法律 合法致富 經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展 科技發(fā)展 網(wǎng)絡(luò) 電子交通 傳媒 動車

Get rich by legal means;be entitled to wealth and prosperity;stimulate people into hard working;reduce the gap;help the poor with better opportunities;make big money illegally;make this society insecure

網(wǎng)絡(luò)好處：share individual viewpoints and insights;enable better and more efficient interpersonal communication;enjoy equal right t personal opinion;壞處：reveal and spread rumors;occupy and waste net space;follow trend and fashion;(help distinguish between right and wrong;offer proper guidance;check and restrict unhealthy content;create a clean and safe environment;mislead children by indecent content;indulge n violent act and aggressive behavior)

第五篇：考研英語一詞多義歸納(黃濤)

考研英語熟詞生義歸納

（一）1.abide(by)v.① 遵守，服從We must abide by the promise made by us.我們必須遵守我們作出的諾言。② 忍受，忍耐 You will have to abide by the consequences.你將必須忍受其后果。

2.abroad adj.① 在國外，到國外；② everywhere遍布，到處 There is a rumor abroad that he is a liar.謠言到處說他是個(gè)騙子。

3.above / beyond: 介詞，后面接抽象而不是具體名詞時(shí)表示“無法做到”，例如：“above

comprehension”的意思是“無法理解”，beyond dispute毋庸置疑。

4.in the absence of something: “缺少，沒有”，用于替代“in short of”或者“be lacking in”。5.be absorbed in something: “專注于某事”。

6.abuse: 用在物品詞后面表示“過量使用”，比如drug abuse(藥物或毒品濫用)，用在有生命的事物后面則表示“虐待”。systematic patient abuse(蓄意對病人的虐待)7.have access to something: 通道，通路；機(jī)會。比如“have access to town”表示“有道路通往市區(qū)”，“have access to the teacher”則是“有條件向老師請教”。

8.account

“帳戶，解釋，解說，敘述”。An agreed account 共識；on account of 因?yàn)?9.account for

“解釋，說明”，但常理解翻譯成“是…的原因”。10.acknowledge 答謝；承認(rèn)。

11.acquire獲得，學(xué)會，兼并，占有。比如，acquire bad habits”“養(yǎng)成壞習(xí)慣”，acquire a language(習(xí)得一門語言)；acquire a firm(兼并一家公司)。

12.in action 起作用

13.adapt: 適應(yīng)，（將某個(gè)領(lǐng)域的研究成果）應(yīng)用于（另一領(lǐng)域）”。14.address somebody: “對某人說話，發(fā)言”。

15.afford: “承擔(dān)得起”，后面可以接表示金錢，時(shí)間或者情感的詞匯。

16.agent: 代理人，代理機(jī)構(gòu)，在生物化學(xué)領(lǐng)域，這個(gè)詞翻譯成“介質(zhì)，載體”，而在計(jì)算機(jī)英語中則是“服務(wù)器”的意思。

17.agree with: “使人或者身體的某個(gè)部分覺得舒適”。18.agreeable: “愜意，令人愉快，恰到好處”。19.agreement: 一致的意見，合同，條約。20.air 氣氛，氛圍

21.in the air: 表示“懸而未決，仍在醞釀中”。22.allowance 津貼，補(bǔ)貼。

23.alone: 閱讀中有時(shí)和“only”是同一個(gè)意思，即“僅僅”，但是要用在單詞或者句子后面。24.ambitious: 中性詞，“野心”或者“志向”的含義。

25.amount to: 在翻譯或者閱讀考試中的含義經(jīng)常會是“竟然達(dá)到…的地步，程度”。

26.anchor: 動詞有“固定，安定”的含義，而名詞的用法中如果是用于新聞界，則表示“新聞播音員”。27.appeal to somebody: 吸引某個(gè)人的注意力；向…呼吁。28.appeal to court 法律用語，“上訴”。29.appearance: “狀況，現(xiàn)象，外表”。30.apply: 日常生活中是“涂抹，敷藥”的含義。31.apply to something: “適用于”。

32.approach: 名詞表示“方法，手段”，動詞則是“處理，處置”。33.appropriate to: “適用于，與之相應(yīng)”。

34.argue: 在寫作中可以表示“認(rèn)為”，如果與介詞同時(shí)使用，如“argue for”表示“支持”，“argue against”表示“反對”。

35.argument: “觀點(diǎn)，主張”。

36.arrest one’s attention: “引起某個(gè)人的注意”。37.art: “技術(shù)，技能”。

38.article: 日常生活購物場景下表示“一件商品（東西）”，文章，條款。39.assert oneself: “表現(xiàn)自己”或“維護(hù)自己的權(quán)利”。40.association: 聯(lián)想；協(xié)會

41.assume: 動詞，“承擔(dān)任務(wù)或角色，任職” 42.attachment: 依賴，眷戀；喜歡； 43.authorities: “政府當(dāng)局” 44.back up: “支持”

45.balance: 在經(jīng)濟(jì)英語中指的是“帳面余額” 46.bargain: 表示“物超所值的商品，廉價(jià)品”。

47.based in: 這個(gè)詞綴用在任何一個(gè)地點(diǎn)名詞的后面，表示“總部位于某個(gè)地方”。48.bear: 表示“承載，承受, 具有，擁有”。

49.bearing: 用在人的身上指人的“品格，氣質(zhì)”，日常是“方向”的含義。50.better: 動詞的意思是“優(yōu)于，勝過”。51.the better part of: “大多數(shù)，大半個(gè)”。

52.bid: 動詞是“吩咐，命令”，名詞有的時(shí)候有“試圖，企圖”的含義。

53.board: 名詞最常用的含義是“委員會”，動詞，后接交通工具則是“上火車，上船，上飛機(jī)”。54.bold: 在印刷術(shù)語中是“粗體字”的含義。

55.be born to do something: “天生有能力做某件事情”。56.be bound to do something: “一定會做某件事情”。

57.branch: “分支機(jī)構(gòu)”，看上下文可以翻譯成為“分校，分公司，銀行分行”等等。58.brand–new: “嶄新的”。59.bridge the gap: “縮短差距”。

60.brief: 動詞可以表示“做簡短介紹”，名詞則是“短會”。61.budget: 日常生活中可以翻譯成“購物計(jì)劃”。

62.build: 名詞，之“人的身材”，而且應(yīng)當(dāng)是比較健壯的身材，多用于男士。

63.burst: 與其他一些單詞連接使用，如“burst into tears”或者“burst into laughter”，翻譯成“大哭”或者“大笑”。

64.business: “事務(wù)”，事情。65.but: 后面接名詞時(shí)是“除…以外”，因此“anything but”中文為“就不是…”，而“nothing but”則為“就是…”。

66.calculate: “盤算，估算”。67.camp: 動詞的含義是“駐扎”。68.campaign: “（有益的大型）活動”。

69.cap: 本身的含義是“帽子”，但使用的時(shí)候則可以表示“最高部分，上限”。70.at capacity: 詞組，“全速地，完全地”。71.capture one’s attention: “吸引某個(gè)人的注意力”。72.plague: 動詞，“折磨，煩擾，肆虐”。

73.plain: “十足，徹底”，有的時(shí)候也表示“淺顯易懂”，或者“太過普通”。74.case: 通常的含義是“情況，病例“，如果在法律環(huán)境下則是“案例”。

75.cast: 日常生活中的含義是“鑄造，塑造”，但是有一些固定的詞組搭配，比如“cast a glance at something / somebody”是“將眼光投向某個(gè)事物或某個(gè)人”，“cast light on something”是“提供新信息，幫助理解”，而“cast a shadow on something”則是“在某件事情上留下陰影”。

76.cause: “事業(yè)，目標(biāo)”。77.cease to: “不再出現(xiàn)某種情況”。

78.ceiling: 在經(jīng)濟(jì)和數(shù)學(xué)用語中通常表示“上限”。

79.cell: 電池，“cell phone”是“移動電話”的美式用法，在生物學(xué)領(lǐng)域則是“細(xì)胞”的意思。80.cement: 作為動詞，含義為“鞏固，加強(qiáng)”。81.center on: “以…為中心，圍繞”。

82.certain: 在心理學(xué)環(huán)境下的英語解釋為“feeling confident about yourself and your abilities”，因此中文可以翻譯為“自信”。

83.chair: 動詞的意思是“主持”，相當(dāng)于“preside over”。84.challenge: 懷疑，質(zhì)疑

85.chance: 科技英語中是“偶然性”的含義，因此“by chance”的意思是“偶然地”。86.channel: 動詞的含義是“引導(dǎo)”，名詞是“渠道，路徑；海峽；頻道”的意思。

87.charge: 動詞含義有兩個(gè)，在科技英語的環(huán)境下是“充電”，而在日常生活中是“索?。ㄙM(fèi)用）”。名詞通常是“電流”的含義。

88.be in charge of: “對…負(fù)責(zé)”。89.check: “遏止，控制”。90.chew: “琢磨，考慮”。91.chip: “芯片”。

92.choice: 形容詞的意思是“精選的”。

93.claim: 如果這個(gè)詞后面接的是人，表示的含義是“讓人丟了性命”。94.class: 動詞的含義同“classify”基本相同，表示“分類”。名詞意思為：種類 95.clause: 法律用語中是“條款”。96.click: 計(jì)算機(jī)用語中是“點(diǎn)擊”的含義 97.climate: “風(fēng)氣，風(fēng)俗”。98.climb up: 表示數(shù)字“緩慢上升”。

99.cloudy: “渾濁，模糊不清”，如果指心情，則表示“低沉，陰郁”。100.coach: 動詞，“給一個(gè)運(yùn)動隊(duì)或個(gè)人做教練或進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)”。

101.coat: 生物、化學(xué)及醫(yī)藥用語中是“表面，外皮”的含義，因此例如“sugar coating”一類的詞就是“糖衣”的含義了。

102.code: 法律用語中是“規(guī)則，法典”的含義。103.collect: 含義為“領(lǐng)取，接走”。

104.colony: 生物學(xué)含義為“微生物的種群”。105.command: “掌握，擁有”；

106.commercial: 名詞是“電視商業(yè)廣告”的含義，而“advertisement”一般指報(bào)紙中的廣告。107.commission: 通常的含義是“任務(wù)”，但是在商業(yè)用語中是“傭金，回扣”的含義。108.be committed to something: “決心做某件事情”。109.commitment: “決心”。

110.communicate one’s idea: “表達(dá)某個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)”。

111.community: 與其他名詞連用表示“界”，比如“scientific community”就是“科技界”，此外復(fù)數(shù)“communities”也有“社會”的含義。

112.company: “同伴，一起”。in the company of=together with 113.complain: 在很多時(shí)候都是“投訴”的意思。114.file complaint: 這個(gè)詞組的含義也是“投訴”。

115.complex: 如果用在建筑學(xué)上，是“一組建筑群”的含義。

116.concerning: 介詞，“關(guān)于”，相當(dāng)于“with regard to”或者“regarding”。117.concerted: 形容詞，“共同的”，比如“make concerted efforts”表示共同努力。118.be conditioned to: 中文的含義有點(diǎn)象“習(xí)慣于，受…的影響”。

119.conduct: 這個(gè)詞在英語學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)中是非常重要的。首先，作為名詞，含義是“人的行為，品行，舉止”，而作為動詞，它的含義與“do”基本一致，但主要用于褒義場合。

120.consequence: 本身是“結(jié)果，后果”，在詞組“far-reaching consequence”中則是“影響，重要性”。121.constitution: “組成（成分）”，法律用語是“憲法”，因此詞組“constitutional right”就是“憲法賦予的權(quán)力”。

122.consume: 除去其“消費(fèi)，消耗”的含義外，如果是“be consumed with”后面接表示情緒的名詞，則表示“陷入，不能自拔”，123.contain: 如果這個(gè)詞后面出現(xiàn)的消極內(nèi)容，則表示“抑制，遏制”。

124.context: 這個(gè)詞與“environment”表示“自然環(huán)境”的含義相對，含義為“（抽象）環(huán)境”，“in the context”這個(gè)詞組在單項(xiàng)詞匯填空或者完型中被選的頻率還是相當(dāng)高的。

125.contract: 如果后面接表示疾病的單詞，則做動詞的含義是“得了（大病，急?。?。126.contribute: 需要注意這個(gè)詞，因?yàn)樗侵行栽~，如果在消極的場合中，就是“造成”的含義。127.conventionally: 字面含義是“常規(guī)上講”，但在閱讀中表示“過去”。128.copy: 動詞，“仿效，模仿”。129.corner: 動詞的含義是“逼迫”，另外在聽力考試中曾出現(xiàn)過“cut the corners”表示“走捷徑，用最簡潔經(jīng)濟(jì)的方式做事”。

130.count: 及物動詞表示“計(jì)算”，不及物動詞則是“算數(shù)，起作用”。131.count on: “指望”。

132.course: “河流的路徑”；課程，引申的含義是“事業(yè)”。

133.court: 動詞“追求”，名詞在法律用語中是“法庭”，體育用語中是“中型球場”，比如籃球，排球，網(wǎng)球等等。

134.cover: “掩蓋”，含有貶義，此外在保險(xiǎn)業(yè)用語中“cover loss”表示“?！U(xiǎn)”。135.crack down upon: “嚴(yán)厲打擊”。

136.credit: 詞組“give credit for / to”的含義非常靈活，總的來說是“表揚(yáng)，嘉獎，歸功于”，但是理解時(shí)要看上下文。

137.critical: “至關(guān)重要”，寫作中可以用來替代“important”。

138.a crop of: 描述人的量詞，表示“一批”，替代過去常用的“a generation of”。139.cry: 詞組“a far cry”表示“相差甚遠(yuǎn)”。140.curse: “災(zāi)難，災(zāi)禍”。

141.cushion: 這個(gè)詞做動詞來用表示“減輕，緩和”。142.cut and dried: “輕而易舉的”，簡潔明了 143.damage: 法律用語中是“賠償金”的含義。144.daring: “大膽，勇敢的”

145.dawn: 名詞表示“開始，來臨”，動詞詞組“dawn upon somebody”表示“理解，明白”。146.deal: 這個(gè)詞的構(gòu)詞能力很強(qiáng)，中文只能隨著后面的名詞變化，比如“deal a heavy blow”就表示“給…以沉重的打擊”。

147.defend: 國防中是“保衛(wèi)”，法律場合是“辯護(hù)”。148.deliberate: 這個(gè)詞做動詞的時(shí)候是“深思”。

149.deliver: “發(fā)送，傳送”。多用于發(fā)送信息，消息，郵件等場合。150.deposit: 名詞“存款，押金”。

151.deputy: 用在有些頭銜的前面表示“副職”，比如“deputy prime minister”是“副總理”。152.desert: 動詞“拋棄”。

153.deserted: 形容地點(diǎn)表示“荒無人煙的”，形容人的心情則表示“孤獨(dú)，沮喪”。154.desirable: 理想的，想要的

155.desperate: 形容人做事“拼命，買力氣”。156.detached 客觀的，公正的

157.develop: 這個(gè)詞的英語解釋為“gradually form / acquire”，因此翻譯的時(shí)候要根據(jù)后面的名詞來處理，比如“develop an idea”表示“形成觀點(diǎn)”，“develop a disease”“得病”。

158.devise: 動詞，“設(shè)計(jì)，發(fā)明”。

159.dig: 動詞詞組“dig up”在考試中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，是“搜集，發(fā)現(xiàn)”的含義。160.digest: 動詞“理解”的含義。

161.direct: 動詞含義為“指導(dǎo)，命令”，屬于指令性動詞。162.discipline: 名詞是“學(xué)科”的意思。163.dismiss: 中文是“打消，否認(rèn)”的含義。

164.disorder: 精神病學(xué)中這個(gè)詞是“精神錯(cuò)亂，失常”的含義。165.disposal: “垃圾”的意思。

166.disturb: “mentally disturbed”這個(gè)詞組的含義是精神失常的意思。167.dive: 這個(gè)詞有“急速下降”的含義，比如“take a nose dive”。168.be divorced from: “分離，脫離”的含義。

169.document: 動詞，“記錄”。documentary: 名詞，“記錄片”。170.domestic: “國內(nèi)的”，“家中的，家庭的”。171.damages 賠償金，補(bǔ)償金

172.drain: “財(cái)富，精力等外流，逐漸耗盡”，“brain drain”表示“人才外流”。173.dramatically / drastically: “大幅度，劇烈的”

174.drill: 石油業(yè)中名詞含義是“鉆頭”，動詞是“鉆井”，日常生活中是“反復(fù)操練”的意思。175.drop: “放棄”，在寫圖表作文時(shí)可以用作“下降”，替代我們經(jīng)常使用的“decrease”。176.drug: “毒品”。

177.duty: 進(jìn)出口內(nèi)容中是“關(guān)稅”的意思。duty-free 免稅的 178.dwell upon: “仔細(xì)想，深思”。

179.earn: 中性動詞，“贏得”或者是“遭到”。180.echo: 動詞，“應(yīng)和，附和”的含義。

181.economy: “節(jié)約”，practice economy的意思就是“節(jié)約開支”。還可以表示：經(jīng)濟(jì)國家 182.effect: 動詞“產(chǎn)生，導(dǎo)致”，比如“effect payment”的含義是“付款”。183.embrace: “接受，信奉某種觀點(diǎn)”。184.employ: “采用，采納”。

185.be endowed with something: 中文含義為“天生具有…才能或者資質(zhì)”。186.engage sb: “雇傭”。

187.enjoy: 擁有，享有，比如“enjoy good reputation”可以理解為“享有盛譽(yù)”。188.established: “得到公認(rèn)，已經(jīng)確立的”。189.in the event of: “如果，萬一”。190.evident: “顯然的，明顯的”。

191.execute: 企業(yè)用語中是“執(zhí)行決策，處理”，法律用語是“處決”。

192.exercise: 與法律用詞放在一起使用時(shí)，動詞的含義是“行使，履行，執(zhí)行”的意思。193.exert oneself: “盡力，努力”。

194.exhaust: “耗盡（自然資源，精力等等）”。195.be expert in something: “老練的，內(nèi)行的”。

196.explode: “迅速增長”，如果是“someone explodes”則是“發(fā)怒”的含義了。197.be exposed to: “接觸到”。

198.faculty: 大學(xué)環(huán)境下指“全體教工”，指人時(shí)則是“天賦，稟性”。199.fail to do: “沒有能夠”。200.faint: “微弱的，不明顯的”。

201.fall back on: “因?yàn)闆]有太好的辦法，所以只能…”。翻譯成為：退而求其次 202.be fascinated by: “迷戀上，被吸引”。

203.fashion: 詞組“be in fashion”表示“流行”，“in a…fashion”則表示“以…方式”。204.feature: 以…為特色，特色是…。205.fence: 動詞“保護(hù)，阻止”。206.figure out: “估算，盤算”。

207.file: 動詞的含義很多，在“file complaint”“file lawsuit”等詞組中表示“提出投訴”或“提出上訴”。208.film: “薄膜”或者“膠片”。209.finance: 動詞“資助”。210.fire: 動詞“解雇”。211.firm: “小型公司”。

212.fit: 量詞，“a fit of”后面接表示情緒的名詞中文的含義是“情緒發(fā)作”。

213.fix: “安裝，裝配”。詞組“fix one’s eyes upon something”表示“眼光緊緊地盯著”。214.flood: 動詞“充斥，彌漫”。

215.floor: 和“天花板”相對，表示“最低點(diǎn)”。216.-fold: 這個(gè)詞綴前面加上數(shù)詞，表示“倍，重”。217.It follows that: 由此得出 218.foreign: “陌生的，不熟悉的”。219.fortune: “運(yùn)氣”或者“財(cái)富”。

220.forward: 動詞“發(fā)送”的含義，以前用于發(fā)送電子郵件，現(xiàn)在基本替代了“send”。221.–free: 這個(gè)詞綴與任何名詞連用，中文表示“沒有”。

222.–friendly: 表示“充分考慮…，為了…的方便”。比如“user-friendly”翻譯成“使用方便”，“environmentally-friendly”表示“有利于環(huán)境的，環(huán)保的”。

223.front: “前鋒，前沿”。

224.frown at: “對…感到生氣，不快”。225.fund: 動詞“資助”。226.furnish: “提供”。

227.gain: 與很多名詞連用，表示“增加，變快”，如“gain speed”。228.game: 游戲規(guī)則，捕捉的獵物。

229.gather: “漸漸增長”，比如詞組“gather speed”。230.gear to something: “適合于，配合”。

231.gift: 名詞“天賦”，動詞詞組“be gifted with something”表示“有…天賦”。232.give rise to something: “引起，引發(fā)”。233.grant: “助學(xué)金，資助”。

234.ground: 這個(gè)詞構(gòu)成詞組時(shí)意義很多，比如“break ground”表示“破土動工，開辟新天地”,“gain ground”表示“普及，有了進(jìn)展”，而“on the ground of”則是“因?yàn)椤薄?/p>

235.guard against: “防范，警惕，注意”，這個(gè)詞組是中性詞，在閱讀中曾經(jīng)出現(xiàn)。236.gut: 詞組“have the guts to do something”表示“有勇氣去做…”。

237.handle: 這個(gè)詞如何翻譯，完全要看后面的名詞通常和什么中文動詞搭配了。比如“handle the problem”表示“解決問題”，“handle the crisis”則是“應(yīng)對危機(jī)”。

238.hearing: 名詞，“聽證會”。

239.cannot help doing / but: “禁不住要”。240.hit: 名詞“轟動一時(shí)的事物”。241.hold: “認(rèn)為”。

242.horizon: “眼界，見識”。243.host: 動詞，“主辦”，替代過去常常使用的“hold”。而詞組“a host of”則是量詞，表示 “許多，一系列”。

244.hunger for something: 名詞詞組，“對…懷有渴望”。245.hunt: “搜索，搜尋”。246.ignorance: “無知”。247.be immune to 不受…的影響

248.impressive: 普通含義為“印象深刻的，好的”，但如果用于形容建筑物，則是“令人肅然起敬，莊嚴(yán)肅穆的”。

249.in that: 連詞型詞組，表示“在于，因?yàn)椤薄?50.be indulged in something: “迷戀于，自我陶醉于”。251.informed: 形容詞，表示“消息靈通的”。

252.instant: 用于食品飲料，表示“速溶，即食的”。instant coffee 253.institutional: 這個(gè)詞的含義類似“systematic”，“系統(tǒng)的，有組織，有邏輯的”。254.instrument: “手段，借助的方法，工具”。255.instrumental: “起作用的，輔助的”。

256.–intensive: 中文翻譯為“…密集型”，比如“l(fā)abor-intensive”是“勞動密集型”。257.interact with: “與人交往，交流”。258.interest: “利益，利害關(guān)系”。259.interpret: 翻譯；解釋

260.intriguing: “引起興趣的，有誘惑力的”。261.introduce: 介紹；引進(jìn) 262.inviting: “吸引人的”。263.item: 量詞，“一件（商品）”。

264.jump: “迅速上升”，可用于寫作圖表文章使用。265.just: 形容詞，“公正的”。266.keen: 這個(gè)詞的每個(gè)意思都比較重要，首先是“強(qiáng)烈的”，其次是“敏銳的”。

267.keep: 歷年考試中曾經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過一個(gè)詞組，“earn one’s keep”，這里“keep”是“生計(jì)”的含義，因此整個(gè)詞組是“謀生”。

268.key: “關(guān)鍵的，重要的”。

269.launch: 動詞，“發(fā)起、展開（大型活動）”。270.law: “定理，定律”；規(guī)律 271.learned: 形容詞，“博學(xué)的”。

272.at length: “最后終于”或者是“詳盡，詳細(xì)的”這個(gè)詞組不是很常用。273.let: 動詞的含義中有“出租”的含義。

274.liability: “責(zé)任義務(wù)”，特別指廠商，銷售商對顧客負(fù)有的法律義務(wù)。275.literally: “實(shí)際上”。

276.literature: “文獻(xiàn)材料，印刷品”。277.live: 形容詞，“現(xiàn)場直播的”。

278.lodge: 動詞，與“file”的動詞含義相似，表示“提出（投訴，訴訟）”。279.log in: 計(jì)算機(jī)用語，表示“登錄”，現(xiàn)在演變成“進(jìn)入”。280.long: 動詞，表示“渴望，盼望”。281.maintain: “一貫認(rèn)為”，可以用于寫作。282.in a…manner: “以…的方式”。

283.map: 動詞，“解釋，傳遞出信息”；描繪出。284.by a margin: “余地，幅度”。285.marginal: “非主流的，很小的”。

286.mark: 名詞，“顯要，名聲”，“marked”作為形容詞，含義為“顯著的，清楚的”。287.means: “方法，手段”；收入 live beyond one’s means 過著入不敷出的生活 288.at the mercy of: “受…的支配控制”。289.merger: “大公司合并”。

290.merit something: “值得”，有點(diǎn)象“deserve”，但是個(gè)完全的褒義詞。291.might: “力量”，形容詞“mighty”是“力量強(qiáng)大的，猛烈的”。292.minister: 動詞，“（行政）管理”。

293.minor: 形容詞，在法律用語中表示“犯罪輕微的”。294.minute: 細(xì)小的，細(xì)微的 295.mirror: 動詞，“反映出”。

296.monitor: 動詞是“監(jiān)視，監(jiān)控”，名詞是“監(jiān)視器”。

297.move: 動詞，“采取行動”，英文解釋為“to start taking action, especially in order to achieve something or deal with a problem”。

298.must: 名詞，“必須要做的事情?！?/p>

299.negotiate: 動詞的一個(gè)含義為“越過（障礙）”。

300.nerve: 這個(gè)詞最好以詞組形式記憶，“get on one’s nerves”表示“讓某個(gè)人緊張不安”，“have nerves”則表示“有勇氣，沉著”。

301.nervous: 這個(gè)詞要注意其本義“神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的”。302.note: 動詞，“注意”。

303.novel: 形容詞，“新奇的，新穎的”。

304.overall n.[pl.](套頭)工作服，工裝褲【pl.](套頭)工作服，工裝褲 305.overhead：在頭頂上的n.經(jīng)常性的費(fèi)用（房租、水電費(fèi)等）306.object to somebody / something: 動詞含義為“ 反對 ”。

307.be obliged to: 通常這個(gè)詞都是“不得不”的含義，但是最近曾經(jīng)考過“ 對 … 表示感謝 ”的含義。308.observe: 動詞含義中有“ 遵守 ”和“ 慶祝 ”的解釋。

309.occasion: “ 時(shí)刻，重大或者特殊的活動 ”，比如詞組 on one occasion 中文就可以翻譯成“有一次 ”。

310.be occupied with something: “（頭腦等）全神貫注于某件事務(wù) ”。311.odd: 形容詞通常的含義是“ 奇特古怪的 ”，數(shù)學(xué)用語中是“基數(shù)”，詞組為 odd number。312.offensive: 形容詞，“ 討厭，令人作嘔的 ”。

313.office: “職責(zé)，責(zé)任，崗位”，這個(gè)詞有很多相關(guān)的詞組，比如“ take office ”是“就職”，“ leave office ”就是“離職”。

314.once: 這個(gè)詞在閱讀理解的范疇中通常都是“一旦，如果”的含義。

315.be open to something: 中文即“容易受到消極影響”，另外一個(gè)則是；The committee is open to suggestions ”是說“委員會樂于接受建議”。

316.orbit: 動詞含義為“讓 … 進(jìn)入軌道，步入正軌” 317.orderly: 形容詞是“秩序井然，整齊的”

318.organ: 人體中是“器官”，政治用語中是“國家機(jī)關(guān)”，通常詞組為“ the state organ ”。319.organic: 直接的含義是“有機(jī)的”，但詞組“ organic food ”是“無公害食品”的意思。320.-oriented: 這個(gè)詞綴表示“以 … 為中心，面向 … ”。

321.orientation: 中文是“熟悉，適應(yīng)，即學(xué)生熟悉新學(xué)校的情況，或者員工適應(yīng)新工作環(huán)境”。322.originally: 這個(gè)詞在閱讀中的含義就是“過去”。323.outstanding: “顯眼，突出”。

324.overlook: 這個(gè)詞含義很多，需要根據(jù)上下文確定，主要含義包括“俯視，鳥瞰”，“忽視，忽略”，“寬容，不計(jì)較”。

325.overwhelm: “懷有某種強(qiáng)烈的情感”，“淹沒，壓得 … 透不過氣”。因此形容詞詞組“ an

overwhelming majority ”就是“壓倒性多數(shù)”

326.over: 與其他動詞連接使用時(shí)通常表示“優(yōu)于，勝過”。327.parallel: ① “與 … 相比，與 … 相當(dāng)”。② 相似性 328.be particular about: “挑剔”。

329.party: 含義之一是參與各方中的“一方”。

330.passage: 名詞“ 經(jīng)過，遷移 ”，指具體事物時(shí)是“ 走廊，通道 ”的意思，另外還有“條文，文章”的意思 331.path: “途徑，路徑，方式方法”，332.penetrate: “彌漫，充滿”。

333.people n.民族，種族 a people(一個(gè)民族)/ Asian peoples(亞洲各國民族)334.perform: 這個(gè)詞可以同其他詞搭配成詞組，翻譯時(shí)要整體考慮。比如“ perform a surgery ”，中文是“做手術(shù)”，“ perform a task ”，中文是“執(zhí)行任務(wù)”，而“ perform one's duty ”則是“履行職責(zé)”。

335.persist: “ 延續(xù)或存在至今 ”。

336.perspective: 含義是“觀點(diǎn)，看法”，或者是“前景，將來”。337.philosophy: “基本原理”，“做人原則”或“理念，思想”。338.pick on somebody: “挑某個(gè)人的毛病，找茬”。339.pick up: “學(xué)會”。

340.picture: 名詞意思是“情況”。動詞意思為：想象，設(shè)想；

1.work 1.n.工作，作品 2.v.努力；起作用

2.yield: 動詞，“ 出產(chǎn)，生產(chǎn) ”，詞組 yield to somebody / something 則是“ 投降，屈從于或者

妥協(xié) ”的含義。n.產(chǎn)量，收獲 How much can you yield from that field? 那塊田你能有多少的產(chǎn)

量？He never yielded during the interrogation.他在整個(gè)審問過程中都沒有屈服。3.plague: 動詞，“折磨，煩擾，肆虐”。

4.plain: “十足，徹底”，有的時(shí)候也表示“淺顯易懂”，或者“太過普通”。5.plant:（重工業(yè)）工廠，電站；造紙廠 paper plant；power plant 發(fā)電廠 6.play n.戲劇，playgoer戲迷;player 運(yùn)動員 7.plug away at something: “埋頭苦干”。8.plunge: “急速下降，下跌”。9.point: 名詞“目的，意義”。

10.poke fun at someone: “拿 … 尋開心”。11.policy: “原則”。

12.polish: “雕琢，完善”。

13.pop: 比較熟悉的含義是“流行音樂”，但是作為動詞，它的含義是“爆炸，開槍”，詞組為“ pop

up ”，含義為“突然出現(xiàn)”。

14.pose: “造成，形成”，通常表達(dá)消極的含義，比如“ pose challenge ”或者“ post a

threat ”。

15.post: 名詞“崗位，職位”。v.郵寄，寄送；刊登，發(fā)布在 poster海報(bào)

16.power: 1.力量 Knowledge is power.知識就是力量。2.“ 電力，動力 ”。power failure 斷電；power-off 停電，關(guān)機(jī) 3.權(quán)利 The powerful is(真實(shí)題)17.practice: 名詞“慣例，（長期一貫的）做法”。It is his practice/hobby to sleep late.晚睡是他的習(xí)慣。

18.practise: 動詞“長期，大范圍地開展”。19.prescribe: 動詞“規(guī)定，命令”。

20.press: 名詞，“出版社，新聞界”。The Press Conference 記者招待會

21.present n.禮物； adj.出席的，在場的 be present at the conference.v.出席，參加；陳

述，闡述 Both sides present their arguments openly from their own point of view.雙方從自

身的角度坦誠地陳述了自己的觀點(diǎn)。

22.preserve n.權(quán)利，所專有的東西 special preserves 特殊的權(quán)利 23.print: 動詞“用印刷體書寫”。

24.produce: 這個(gè)詞的翻譯非常靈活，需要看后面使用什么名詞，“ produce a book ”就是“寫了本

書”，“ produce a film ”則是“拍了部電影”。3.agricultrual produce 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品 25.program: “教學(xué)或其他重要的活動和項(xiàng)目”。

26.project: 作為名詞的含義是“ 大型建設(shè)項(xiàng)目 ”，與 program “大型活動性項(xiàng)目”正好相對。27.promise: 動詞是“有前途，有指望”，因此“ promising ”是形容詞，“有前途的”含義。28.prompt: “敦促，鼓勵”。

29.propose: 動詞是“提議”，此外還有個(gè)別的詞組，比如“ propose a toast ”是“提議大家干一

杯”。

30.provided that: 連詞，“只要”。31.province n.領(lǐng)域，范圍

32.pupil: 名詞，表示人的器官時(shí)指“瞳孔”。

33.purpose: “好處，意義”，詞組為“ serve no purpose ”，中文翻譯為“沒有意義，沒有好

處”。

34.panel n.面，板；控制板，儀表盤；專門小組 Judge panel 裁判團(tuán)。35.proceeding n.[pl.] 會議錄，學(xué)報(bào)

36.pattern：樣式 v.模仿，仿制 He patterned himself on a man he admired.他模仿一個(gè)他敬仰的人。

37.particular：特別的 引申：講究的，挑剔的 be particular about：對…講究

38.pool：水池 v.集資 合資 We pooled our money to build a house.我們集資建一座房子。39.preface：序言，前言 前奏，開端

40.provision：供應(yīng)，提供 條款或規(guī)定 according to the provision’s contract：根據(jù)合同的條款 41.provincial：省的，省級的 眼光狹隘的)42.property：財(cái)產(chǎn);性質(zhì)，性能 Many plants have medical properties.很多植物有藥性/醫(yī)療性能。

43.quarrel: 吵架，爭吵，中文可以翻譯成“爭論”。

44.rage: 這個(gè)詞在翻譯中曾經(jīng)考察過，古英語中有“精神錯(cuò)亂”的含義，因此當(dāng)時(shí)的試題是“ kitchen

rage ”，中文翻譯為“廚房狂躁癥”。

45.raise: 舉起，升起，“養(yǎng)育，養(yǎng)殖，撫養(yǎng)”。46.rate: “速度，比率”。at any rate: “無論如何”。47.reach n.范圍，領(lǐng)域；夠得著；買得起

48.ready: “ 輕易，毫無困難的 ”。樂意的，愿意的 49.rear: 動詞是“撫養(yǎng)”的含義，形容詞是“后面的”，指房間或交通工具的后半部分。比如汽車的后

門就叫做“ rear door ”。

50.reason: 名詞“理性，理智”；推理 51.receive: 動詞，“接待，接風(fēng)”。52.be reduced to: 萬般無奈下只能”。

53.refined: 形容詞，指人的時(shí)候表示“有修養(yǎng)”。54.reflect on / upon something: “認(rèn)真思考，仔細(xì)考慮”。

55.regarding: 介詞，“關(guān)于”。with regard to: 介詞詞組，“就 … 而言，關(guān)于”。

56.regard: 名詞有“尊敬，器重”的含義，比如詞組“ hold somebody in high regard ”或者“

have a high regard for somebody ”。57.regular: “普通的”或者是“定期的”。

58.reinforce: 這個(gè)詞的翻譯要根據(jù)中文的習(xí)慣了，比如詞組“ reinforce each other ”可以翻譯成

“互相輝映，相得益彰”。

59.relate: 動詞含義之一是“敘述”。把聯(lián)系起來 60.remain: “長期保持 … 的狀態(tài)，一直是 … ”。

61.remote: 形容詞“很少的，細(xì)微的”，比如“ remote resemblance ”是“只有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)相似之

處”。relevant: “有關(guān)的，相關(guān)的”。62.remedy: 名詞，“補(bǔ)救措施”。

63.render: 動詞，用法非常靈活，首先從英語學(xué)習(xí)角度講，這個(gè)詞相當(dāng)與“ translate ”，是“翻

譯”的含義，比如“ render it into English ”是“將其翻譯成英語”。另外，這個(gè)詞表示“給予，提供”。另外，在很多詞組中，這個(gè)詞表示“使 … 處于某種狀況”，比如“ Illness renders him

rather weak ”，就是“生病讓他變得很虛弱”。64.repeat: 動詞，“仿效，模仿”。

65.resolve: 本身是“解決”，但在有些詞組中也要靈活處理，比如“ resolve difference /

conflict ”，中文應(yīng)翻譯成“ 消除分歧 / 沖突 ”。

66.resort: 名詞，日常生活中的含義是“旅游勝地”，詞組“ the last resort ”是“最后的手段，辦法”。動詞詞組“ resort to something ”表示“借助于”。

67.respect: 名詞“方面”，相當(dāng)于“ aspect ”。with respect to: “關(guān)于，談到”。68.rest on / upon: “在于，取決于”。

69.review: 名詞和動詞都有“評定，審查，評論”的含義。70.rewarding: 形容詞，“有收獲的”。71.rich: 形容食品時(shí)是“油膩”的意思。

72.role: 翻譯的時(shí)候要根據(jù)上下文處理為“角色”，“職責(zé)”或者“作用”。

73.roll: 名詞，“花名冊”，因此，如果我們看到“ on the pay roll ”這樣的詞組，就可以理解為

“有工作，沒有失業(yè)”了。

74.rough: 這個(gè)詞所有的意思都很常用，形容天氣是“有暴風(fēng)雨的，惡劣的”，形容道路是“崎嶇不

平”，形容日常事物表示“簡陋，沒有加工”，數(shù)字概念上又是“粗略的”。

75.routine: 形容詞是“一成不變，無聊的”。名詞指“一成不變的，無聊的工作”。76.be rude about: “挑剔，對 … 很苛刻”。77.rule: 動詞和名詞都有“統(tǒng)治”的意思。78.run: “操作控制”或者是“經(jīng)營管理”。79.reflect：v.反射，反應(yīng) 仔細(xì)考慮，反省 80.readily：adv.樂意地 容易地

81.run：v.經(jīng)營，管理 競選 in the long run從長遠(yuǎn)來看;in the short run：從短期來看；Run for

the president.競選總統(tǒng)。

82.rest：休息 v.取決于，歸因于（寫作）rest on at least 2 factors.至少取決于2個(gè)因素。rely on = rest on 依靠

83.principal：小學(xué)校長，主要的，資本，資金

84.preparation：準(zhǔn)備;制劑或制品 a preparation for cleaning metals：一種清洗金屬的制劑 85.sack: 口語中這個(gè)詞是動詞，表示“解雇”。86.be saddled with something: “承受 … 的負(fù)擔(dān)”。

87.be safe from / be saved from: “不必?fù)?dān)心有 … 的危險(xiǎn)”。

88.sanction: 這個(gè)詞的兩個(gè)含義相差甚遠(yuǎn)，一個(gè)是“批準(zhǔn)”，另外一個(gè)是“制裁”，這也體現(xiàn)出英語詞

匯含義的特點(diǎn)，就是詞匯的含義具有任意性。89.satisfaction：n.滿足;賠償

90.sandwich：n.三明治 v.加入或擠入 He was sandwiched between the two powers.他被夾在兩個(gè)權(quán)

力之間。

91.sample：n.樣本，標(biāo)本 v.體驗(yàn)，嘗試 sample the country life：體驗(yàn)鄉(xiāng)村生活

92.second：第二 vt.贊成或附和 second sb.贊成/附和某人 second the proposal：贊成這項(xiàng)提議。

93.scratch：抓，撓，搔，起跑線 Start from scratch.從頭開始

94.scale: “規(guī)?！?。n.刻度，標(biāo)度；天平，磅秤；比例尺；音階；魚鱗

95.school：學(xué)院，學(xué)校，學(xué)派 There are various schools on this subject.在這個(gè)專題/課題上有很

多學(xué)派。school: 學(xué)術(shù)界指“流派”，生物學(xué)中是“水生動物種群”。96.scope: “范圍，范疇”或者是“眼界，見識”。97.score: “成功”。得分

98.screen: 動詞，“阻擋，防止”。

99.secure: 同“ certain ”一樣，也是“自信”。動詞為“獲得，得到”

100.sense: “道理，理智”，詞組“ make sense ”是“合理”，而“ make sense of something ”則

是“理解”。

101.sentence: 法律用語是“宣判”。名詞是“判刑，懲罰”

102.service: 日常生活用語中是動詞，表示“維修保養(yǎng)汽車”。103.setting: 名詞，“背景，環(huán)境”。

104.settle: 動詞，搭配能力非常強(qiáng)，比如“ settle the account ”表示“結(jié)帳”，“ settle the

problem ”則是“解決問題”。

105.shame: “不象話，過不去，很遺憾”。

106.shot: 名詞，口語有“注射”的意思，美式英語中還專門指“注射毒品”。

動詞，“擔(dān)負(fù)”。107.shuttle: 動詞“往來于，穿梭于”。

108.sight n.看見；at the sight of 一看見;out of sight 消失，看不見;視力；風(fēng)景，景點(diǎn) sightseer 觀光者

109.signal: 動詞，“向 … 示意”.110.sink: 名詞，日常生活中是“水池，水槽”的含義。111.size up: 動詞詞組“估計(jì)，揣度”。112.skirt: 名詞，“邊緣（地帶）”。113.slim: 形容機(jī)會等“很微小”。

114.smooth: 形容詞，“順利，正?！?。115.soft: 形容經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)表示“疲軟”。

116.solution: 名詞，化學(xué)領(lǐng)域是“溶液”的意思。117.sophisticated: “（機(jī)械設(shè)備等）復(fù)雜的”。118.sound: 形容詞，“健全合理”。

119.spare: 動詞，“節(jié)約，留出空閑”，有時(shí)也表示“原諒，饒恕”。120.a spell of time: “一段時(shí)間”。

121.spot: 動詞是“（偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn)”，名詞是“現(xiàn)場”，詞組為“ on the spot ”。122.square: 形容詞，“公平，公正”。

123.state n.1.州，國家 the Uniteds States 2.v.陳述，闡述 Americans frankly state what they want and what they expect to get.statement n.觀點(diǎn) statesman n.政治家 124.stage: “階段”。

125.stake: 這個(gè)詞最原始的含義是“火刑柱”或者是“賭注”，但是在考試的時(shí)候，通常都以詞組形式

出現(xiàn)，“ at stake ”表示“處于危險(xiǎn)”，“ have a stake in something ”則表示“在某件事務(wù)中

得到利益”，這個(gè)詞很新。

126.start: 動詞，“驚嚇，吃驚”。通常用被動語態(tài)“ be started ”。127.state of mind: “思維方式”。128.stay: 系動詞，“保持”。

129.story: “ 情況 ”，如果是新聞用語，則是“ 報(bào)道 ”。

130.stress: 名詞“壓力”，動詞是“強(qiáng)調(diào)”。詞組“ be stressed out ”表示“筋疲力盡”。

131.strike v.打動，留下印象 What strikes me deeply in the cartoon is that … 這幅畫給我印象最深的是…，striking: 形容詞“明顯，顯著的”。132.study n./v.學(xué)習(xí)，研究

133.be stripped: “遭到掠奪和搶劫”相當(dāng)于中文中的俗語“挨宰”。

134.subject: 科技用語中是“接受實(shí)驗(yàn)的對象”。Subject…to 讓/使…遭受/受到 135.subscribe to: 訂閱，訂購 議論文中經(jīng)常遇到這個(gè)詞組，表示“同意，贊成”。136.succeed: 動詞，“接在 … 后面發(fā)生或出現(xiàn)”。successor n.接替者，接班人 137.suck: 美式俚語中是“令人不快，討厭”的意思。

138.suit: 1。西裝，2。單詞 lawsuit 的縮寫，“ 法律訴訟 ”的含義。139.support: “撫養(yǎng)，贍養(yǎng)”。140.swell: 動詞“自高自大”。

141.sympathy: “同感”，同情 “ show sympathy for ”表示“同情”，而“ in sympathy with ”

則是“有同感”

142.sophisticated a.尖端的，先進(jìn)的；老練的，老于世故的 143.specification n.[常pl.] 規(guī)格，說明書，規(guī)范 144.speculate v.投機(jī)； 2。推測。猜想 145.start：n.開始 v.吃驚或驚喜

146.spark：n.火花，火星 adj.微妙，一點(diǎn)兒 a spark of=a minute of 一點(diǎn)兒;spark the creativity：激發(fā)創(chuàng)造性

147.straw n.吸管，簽。稻草，稻草人 Draw straws/lots.抽簽。148.stroke n.擊，敲；報(bào)時(shí)的鐘聲；一擊，一劃，一筆；一次努力；中風(fēng)；撫摸 He had a stroke at dinner.晚飯的時(shí)候他中風(fēng)了。

149.tap n.塞子，龍頭；輕叩，輕拍 v.輕叩，輕敲；利用，開發(fā)；搭線竊聽（電話等）150.tender a.嫩的；脆弱的；敏感的；溫柔的，溫厚的 v.提出，提供；投標(biāo) The president tendered his resignation.總統(tǒng)遞交了他的辭職信。151.by the same token 由于同樣原因，同樣地

152.trust v.盼望，希望；委托 n.委托，信托；托拉斯（壟斷）trust: 動詞，“委托”。153.table: “表格”。

154.take advantage of: “利用”或者“欺侮”。

155.tailor: 動詞，“調(diào)整，修改，使 … 適合于”。

156.take care of: 照顧，照看 中性詞組，貶義概念表示“教訓(xùn)，處置”。

157.tap: 動詞“ 開發(fā)利用 ”，這個(gè)詞在報(bào)紙雜志中很常用，可以替代 exploit。158.tell: 動詞含義中有“顯現(xiàn)”和“區(qū)分”兩個(gè)常用的含義。

159.tend to: “ 往往，通常情況是 ”。不要總是將這個(gè)詞組理解成為“傾向于”。160.term: “ 名稱，說法，術(shù)語 ”。2.把…稱做

161.in terms of: “ 以 … 方式，以 … 衡量，就 … 而言 ”，這個(gè)詞的含義太靈活，因此在各種

考試中幾乎都是被選擇頻率最高的詞組。162.thick: “煙霧稠密的”。163.thirst for: “渴望”。

164.tie: 名詞，含義為“ 關(guān)系，聯(lián)系 ”，比如 international tie。165.tip: “提示，指點(diǎn)，內(nèi)部消息”。166.toast: 動詞“慶賀，慶?！?。167.toilet: 名詞“洗漱化妝用品”。168.top: 形容詞“最好的”。169.treat: 動詞，名詞“請客”。170.touch: 動詞“感動”。

171.trace to: “找到 … 的根源”。172.trim: “少量削減”。173.treasure: 動詞“重視”。

174.tube: 口語中是“電視”的意思，在英式英語中指“倫敦的地鐵系統(tǒng)”。175.utter v.說，發(fā)出（聲音）a.徹底的，完全的 176.upset v.打翻，推翻 Upset a room.弄亂房間 177.uneasy: “不自在，憂慮擔(dān)心”。178.utter: 形容詞“純粹的，完全的”。179.variation n.變種，變異 180.value: 動詞，“重視”。

181.venture v.大膽表示 n.冒險(xiǎn)事業(yè) joint venture 合資企業(yè)

182.virtual: 首先，這個(gè)詞有“實(shí)際上”的含義，此外，在科技英語中，含義為“ made, done,seen etc on the Internet or on a computer, rather than in the real world ”，中文翻譯成“網(wǎng)絡(luò)虛擬的，仿真的”，這兩個(gè)含義相差也非常遠(yuǎn)。183.voice: v.“用言語表達(dá)，吐露”。

184.wage v.進(jìn)行，開展 wage a war 發(fā)動戰(zhàn)爭 185.want: 翻譯為“嚴(yán)重缺乏”。186.wave: “高潮，新趨勢”。187.watch n.手表，監(jiān)視，監(jiān)督 188.weigh: v.“權(quán)衡，認(rèn)真掂量”。

189.when: 根據(jù)上下文可以翻譯為“如果”或者“然而”。when it comes to: “當(dāng)我們面臨或談

到某個(gè)問題時(shí)”。

190.while: 在閱讀理解內(nèi)容中基本都是“ 雖然 ”的含義。191.will: 名詞，“ 意志，意愿 ”或“遺囑”。192.wind up: “（商業(yè)活動等）結(jié)束 ”。

193.wing: 建筑用語中指“ 一座建筑物的兩翼 ”。194.wisdom: 日常生活中的含義是“ 觀點(diǎn)，意見 ”。195.word: 動詞，“ 譴詞造句，措辭 ”。