第一篇：大學(xué)英語作文寫作談

大學(xué)英語作文寫作淺談

大學(xué)英語四級和六級的作文寫作屬于主觀題型，它能綜合反映出一個學(xué)生對英語的掌握程度?？梢赃@么說，一篇作文寫作的好壞可以較為完整地反映出一個學(xué)生英語程度的高低。所以，學(xué)生應(yīng)對英語作文的寫作給予高度的重視，絕對馬虎不得。

英語作文是一個學(xué)生英語水平的綜合體現(xiàn)，其中包括了語法、單詞、短語和句型等。另外，如同漢語作文寫作一樣，其間也包括了一些寫作技巧，如題材、體裁的選用、論點、論據(jù)的使用和文章的謀篇布局等。

因大學(xué)英語四級和六級考試的作文寫作時間只有半小時，所以，學(xué)生不可能做到寫作時面面俱到。所以，如何有效地利用時間，發(fā)揮自己寫作的最佳水平，是學(xué)生主要考慮并付諸實施的重要問題。集我21年英語教學(xué)的經(jīng)驗，我深切地體會到，作文的好壞主要取決于學(xué)生對英語語法掌握的好壞。我一直認(rèn)為，語法掌握得好，再輔之以必要的寫作技能和手段，作文就能得到較高的分?jǐn)?shù)。

眾所周知，英語寫作是以單句為基礎(chǔ)的。學(xué)生應(yīng)對何為“句子”有一個清晰的概念。很多學(xué)生是先想好中文意思，再用英語逐字套譯。這樣，寫出來的內(nèi)容令人令己都難理解，更不用說會令人發(fā)笑了。一個句子首先應(yīng)有主語和謂語，沒有主謂就叫“短語”。很多學(xué)生都習(xí)慣在主語的位置上使用動詞原形，而不知道動詞原形是不能用作主語，而應(yīng)用動詞不定式或動名詞。另外，在“謂語”的使用上，學(xué)生對“行為動詞”較易理解，但在對形容詞、介詞、副詞和名詞作第二 1

類“謂語”的使用上就錯誤百出，最典型的就是不懂得要在這四個詞前加上系動詞“be”。所以，學(xué)生首先得在單句造句上過關(guān)，否則，寫出來的內(nèi)容一定是錯誤連篇。

每次大學(xué)英語四級和六級考試前，本人都會抽大量時間為學(xué)生補(bǔ)習(xí)語法，并做大量的相應(yīng)練習(xí)，讓學(xué)生在原有的基礎(chǔ)上對英語語法知識有一個更為全面、系統(tǒng)的了解和掌握。所以，歡迎大家來華浦“充電”，讓你的英語語法知識，特別是你的寫作有一個質(zhì)的飛躍。

除了打好英語語法的扎實基礎(chǔ)外，我認(rèn)為，第一，多寫多練是關(guān)鍵。只有通過每周幾次的寫作，才能使自己的語法知識融會貫通，暴露問題的過程也是解決問題的過程，做到細(xì)水長流，學(xué)以致用。不少學(xué)生認(rèn)為自己英語水平差，語法知識不懂就不寫不練。其實，如果不寫不練，你自己和老師都無從發(fā)現(xiàn)你的問題所在，這樣反而會造成你在考試時，語法錯誤一覽無余。第二，適當(dāng)看一些范文?，F(xiàn)在，書店里有關(guān)英語作文寫作的書籍很多。借鑒一些好的范文，可以起到開闊視野、豐富自己寫作知識和技能的作用，做到合理吸收，為我所用。第三，多背一些好詞好句。平時做練習(xí)和看書時做個有心人，把文中的短語、句型以及范文中的好詞好句背下來，可以讓你的作文錦上添花。第四，恰當(dāng)舉例。寫作時力戒空洞。言之無物、或俗稱的“空對空”是寫作時應(yīng)力求避免的。確立了論點，一定要用論據(jù)去充分說明和合理解釋。所以，恰當(dāng)舉例是使文章內(nèi)容豐厚、說理充分的一個有效方法。第五，適當(dāng)運用成語。寫作時如能恰當(dāng)好處地運用成語，可以起到“以一當(dāng)十”、“錦上添花”和豐富作文內(nèi)容的作用。第六，句

型多樣化。寫作時，切忌從頭至尾都用簡單句。這樣看似保險，實則根本無法有效、完整地表達(dá)自己的觀點。在已學(xué)英語語法的基礎(chǔ)上，多運用復(fù)合句、非謂語等形式都可以讓文章句子顯得活潑、富有生氣。第七，人有我有，更應(yīng)做到人無我有。寫作時，學(xué)生普遍會就一文章主題做空泛的議論。這樣，大家都會陷入一種寫作“千人一面”的局面。因此，學(xué)生寫作時一定要有自己的鮮明特色和風(fēng)格，比如在句型上、舉例上等做到多樣化。這樣，你的文章就會明顯與眾不同，做到唯我突出、奪人眼球和新穎另類。

因考試時間有限，學(xué)生應(yīng)力求在有限的時間內(nèi)在作文的“引言部分”（即作文第一段），做到言簡意賅、開門見山、直奔并突出主題，力求迅速抓住讀者（閱卷人）的注意。千萬不能亂鋪攤子，點面鋪灑過寬，使人剛讀時不得要領(lǐng)。

在“主體部分”（即作文第二段），要用充足的論點來呼應(yīng)、說明和解釋“引言部分”的主題。這也是一個不斷支持、不斷深化和不斷升華文章主題的過程。實際上，整篇文章寫的好壞就取決于“主體部分”的發(fā)揮，第二段也是文章的華彩樂章。在此部分，內(nèi)容務(wù)必厚實，力戒空洞。這樣，文章的主體就能搭建得更為牢固。

在“結(jié)尾部分”（即作文最后一段），針對“主體部分”的闡釋，學(xué)生寫作時應(yīng)對主題有一呼應(yīng)，做到總結(jié)有力，觀點鮮明，起到總結(jié)全文、加深印象的作用。

第二篇：大學(xué)英語寫作

常用寫作句型

1現(xiàn)象解釋型

模板一

⑴According to the chart/graph/ table/ picture, it is clear that 圖表/畫內(nèi)容總概括.⑵The chart/graph/ table/picture shows.⑶Many reasons contribute to 現(xiàn)象概括.⑷To begin with, 原因一.⑸進(jìn)一步闡述原因一.⑹Moreover, 原因二.⑺In addition, 原因三.⑻As a result, 段落總結(jié)句.⑼As to me, I think 我的觀點/態(tài)度/建議.⑽ First of all, 理由一.⑾ Besides, 理由二.⑿To conclude, 模板二

Topic

⑴From the chart/graph/ table/picture, we learn that nowadays, 總述社會現(xiàn)象/事實現(xiàn)象, which has aroused the great /common concern.⑵what impresses me most is.⑶That are many reasons accounting for.⑷First of all,原因一.⑸進(jìn)一步闡述原因一.⑹ What is more, 原因二.⑺ For example, 舉例說明原因二.⑻ In addition, 原因三.⑼As far as I am concerned, 我的觀點.⑽For one thing/On one hand 理由一.⑾ For another/ On the other hand,.⑿Thus/In brief/Taking above mentioned factors into consideration, I may reasonably conclude that….常用句型

⑴As is described in the chart/graph/table/picture, in the past few decades, there have arisen sharp increase in…如圖中所示，在過去的幾十年中，……急劇增長。

⑵The chart/graph/table/picture describes that the figure declines/falls smoothly/markedly, it indicates that…

圖表顯示數(shù)字下降平緩/明顯，這表明……

⑶In the chart/graph/table/picture, we can seen that there was a slight/ marked fluctuation.It reveals that…

在圖表中，我們可以看到有細(xì)微/很明顯的波動，這表明…

⑷Recently, the problems of …h(huán)as become the focus of the public concern.近來，…問題引起公眾極大的關(guān)注。

⑸There may be a combination of factors which contribute to/ are responsible for/ explain… …可能是好幾個因素造成的結(jié)果。

⑹There may be several possible reasons for which will be demonstrated below.可能有幾個原因?qū)е铝宋覀兿旅嫠U述的問題。

⑺It’s no easy /simple task to offer the reasons for this phenomenon which involves more than one complicated factors.要解釋該現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因并不容易，因為其中涉及到很多復(fù)雜的因素。

⑻ Among all the important/convincing reasons for…,one should be emphasized… 在所有重要/有力的原因中，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)重點關(guān)注…

2問題解決型

模板一

Topic

⑴It is well-known that 相關(guān)背景, but nowadays 總述不良現(xiàn)象或問題.⑵現(xiàn)象具體表現(xiàn)一.⑶現(xiàn)象的具體表現(xiàn)二.⑷It should be paid attention to that 該現(xiàn)象 is causing great harm/該現(xiàn)象 is caused for many reasons.⑸On one hand, ⑹On the other hand,.⑺Therefore, it is high time that ⑻First of all, 解決方法一.⑼進(jìn)一步闡述方法一.⑽Secondly/In addition, 解決方法二.⑾Thirdly/Besides/Morever.解決方法三.⑿Only in this way can we解決問題.模板二

Topic

⑴There has been a discussion recently about 事實現(xiàn)象.⑵ It is obvious that 危害一/作用一.⑶ Additionally, 危害二/作用二.⑷So how to 解決問題is worth paying attention to.⑸On one hand/ Firstly, 解決方法一.⑹進(jìn)一步闡述方法二⑺On the other hand/Secondly,解決方法二.⑻For example,支持該方法的例子.⑼In addition/ Thirdly, 解決方法三.⑽In fact, more than three ways can be adopted.⑾As for me, 我的思考或看法.⑿All in all, 總結(jié)全文.常用句型

⑴It is important that effective actions should be taken to prevent the situation.⑵There is little doubt that serious attention must be called to…

⑶There is no immediate solution to the problem of…,but …might be helpful/ but the general awareness of the necessity of…might be the first step.⑷In order to make our world a better place in which we live, we should make great efforts to… ⑸To conclude, we can see the best way is…

⑹Following these methods may not guarantee the success in solution to…, but the payoff will be worth the effort.3對比選擇型

模板一

Topic

⑴Different people have different views on看法/問題.⑵Somme prefer 一種看法觀點.⑶Others tend to.⑷As for me, I agree to the first/ second opinion.⑸Of course, 我不贊同的觀點的合理性.⑹For example, 支持其合理性的例子.⑺But 我不贊同的觀點的不足.⑻The following reason can account for your preference.⑼The main reason is that 支持觀點的理由一.⑽ A good example to illustrate is that 支持理由一的例子.⑾In addition/ What’s more,支持觀點的理由二.⑿For the foregoing, 重申觀點.模板二

Topic

⑴When it comes to事物/問題, different people will offer different opinions.⑵Some people take it for granted that 觀點一.⑶In their opinion, 觀點一的理由一.⑷Besides, 觀點一的理由二.⑸However, others hold that觀點二.⑹They maintain that 觀點二的理由一.⑺And 觀點二的理由二.⑻Weighing up these two arguments, I am for 觀點一/觀點二.⑼ On one hand, 理由一.⑽ On the other hand, ⑾ For instance, 舉例說明理由二.⑿ Therefore, as stated above, 常用句式

⑴ There is a general discussion nowadays on the problem of …Some argue that …,but others set forth a totally different argument about the issue.⑵ In response to the problem, some people believe…,in their minds,…Other maintain that…, in their eyes,…

⑶ Personally, I side with the former/ latter opinion.⑷ In conclusion, it is clear that

4觀點論證型

模板一

⑴ It is true that 普遍的觀點.⑵ However, 不同的觀點/現(xiàn)象.⑶ I think,我的觀點.⑷ 理由或其他論據(jù) can be listed as follows.⑸ Firstly，論據(jù)一.⑹ Secondly, 論據(jù)二.⑺ For example, 支持論據(jù)二的事例.⑻ Thirdly, 論據(jù)

三.⑼ A case in point is 支持論據(jù)三的事例.⑽ There is no doubt that 重申觀點.⑾ Therefore, 與該觀點相符的做法.⑿ In a word, 總結(jié)全文.模板二

Topic

⑴ Many people believe that 社會現(xiàn)象/事實.⑵The truth is deep and profound.⑶ As we all know,具體表現(xiàn)一.⑷ In addition, 具體表現(xiàn)二.⑸ There are numerous examples supporting this argument.⑹ A case in point is 闡述第一個例子⑺ For another example, 引出并說明第二個例子.⑻ Moreover, 闡述第三個例子.⑼All mentioned above that tells us that重申觀點.⑽ But(One thing we have to notice is that)提出個人建議.⑾ In short,總結(jié)全文.常用句式

⑴ It is well known that …plays an important part in…

⑵ It is believed that …

⑶ There are many reasons explaining …

⑷ From what has been mentioned above, we may safely come to the conclusion that …

5應(yīng)用文

⑴建議信模板

Date

Dear ___________,⑴ I am delighted to learn that _________.⑵ It____________.⑶ In my opinion, ________.⑷ On one hand,_________.⑸ On the other hand,_________.⑹ As to ________, I suggest ___________.⑺ If__________.⑻ It is unnecessary for you to _____________.⑼ In addition, ________________.⑽ I am sure _______________.⑾ Please inform me _________________.⑿ I amlooking forward to __________.Sincerely yours,Signature

常用句式

⑴ I would like to suggest that …/ I am writing with my suggestion that…

⑵ You have asked me for my advice with regard to …and I will try to make some conducive suggestions.⑶ If I were you, I would…

⑷ As you may agree that...⑸ I hope you will find these suggestions helpful/ practical/ useful.⑹ I hope you will take my suggestions into consideration.⑺ I would be happy to see improvements in this regard.⑻ I would be ready to discuss this matter to further details.⑵倡議書模板

Date

Dear________,⑴ I am writing this letter to call on ____________to ____________.⑵ As some of you may know,___________.⑶ In fact,___________.⑷It is necessary for us to___________.⑸ On one hand,__________.⑹ On the other hand, ______________.⑺ However,___________________.⑻So it is high

time_____________________.⑼ Firstly, ________________.⑽Secondly, _______________.⑾ If you are willing to ____________, please ______________.⑿ Join us in the action and extend ________into a spirit that dares any possible difficulties.Thank you.⑶求職信模板

Date

Dear_______,⑴ I am applying for the position of _________advertised in _________.⑵ I major in

_____.⑶ My training in ________definitely meet your qualifications.⑷ My complete resume is attached.⑸ I will graduate on____________ from_________.⑹ In addition to the required courses of this program, I have_________.⑺ I also have some experience in ___________.⑻ I believe my training and experience _________________.⑼ You will find me to be ________________⑽ I hope that you will consider me for your position.⑾ May I have a personal interview at your convenience? ⑿ I can be reached by telephone __________.Sincerely yours,Signature

常用句式

⑴ I am writing to apply for the post of …advertised in …

⑵ In reply to your advertisement in…, I beg to apply for the post …in your company.⑶ I feel I have the qualifications and experiences needed for the position of …

⑷ I shall bring with me the full details of my testimonials as you request.⑸ I hope I may be granted an interview when I can explain my qualification more fully.⑹ It seems that my experience, together with my education, has given me ideal preparation to assume the role of…in your firm.

第三篇：大學(xué)英語寫作模版

（1）模版一There is no consensus among the people as to the view of(主題).Some people hold the idea that(觀點A).A case in point is that(支持觀點A的例子).On the other hand, others may have a quite different view.According to them,(觀點B).The most typical example is that(支持觀點B的例子).Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter.Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable in saying to some

extent, but the latter is more convincing.2）模版二(主題)is a common occurrence in our lives.The attitudes toward this issue vary from person to person.Some people tend to ______when they are asked(觀點A)because(支持觀點A的原因).The most typical example is that(支持觀點A的例子).However, others argue that(觀點B).They point out that(重申觀點B)for the reason that(支持觀點B的原因).As far as I am concerned, I will choose to(你的觀點)because this choice fits my personality and my life-long belief.2）My View 型（1）模版一 When asked about(主題), some people hold the idea that 觀點A).As far as they are concerned,(展開觀點A).But I could not agree with them in several points.In my opinion,(觀點B).The reasons for my choice are listed as follows.In the first place,(支持觀點B的理由1).In the second place,(支持觀點B的理由2).In the third place,(支持觀點B的理由3).For the reasons mentioned above, I firmly believe(重申觀點B).（2）模版二 Some people believe that(觀點A).For instance, they hold the idea that(支持觀點A的例子).And it may bring them（A帶給他們的好處).In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point.For one thing,(我不同意的理由1).For another,(我不同意的理由2).As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me, I agree to the thought that(重申自己的觀點).3）利弊型（1）模版一Nowadays many people prefer(主題)because it plays a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.On the one hand,(主題的優(yōu)點1).On the other hand,(主題的優(yōu)點2).But everything can be divided into two.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that(主題的缺點1).To make matters

worse,（主題的缺點2).Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects.Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain,(主題)itself is

neither good nor bad.It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to our society.（2）模版二With the development of science and human civilization, many formerly unimaginable things come into reality.Some of them have positive effects on our life, but some are distasteful.The phenomenon of(主題現(xiàn)象)is an example of the former / latter one.There are many factors that may account for it, and the following are the most conspicuous aspects.To start with,(原因1).Furthermore,(原因2).Eventually,(原因3).Good as(主題現(xiàn)象)is, it has, unfortunately, its disadvantages.The apparent example is that(缺點例子1).In addition,(缺點例子2).On the whole, the phenomenon is one of the results of the progress of the modern society.There is still a long way for us to improve / eliminate(主題現(xiàn)象)and make our life more comfortable.圖表式作文 It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes.It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years(as X varies).At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are …(多少)reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table.First of all, …(第一個原因).More

importantly, …(第二個原因).Most important of all, …(第三個原因).From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future.The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for

quite a long time(if necessary measures are not taken括號里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢).提綱式作文 1.對立觀點式 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing（X）.They point out the fact that 支持（X）的第一個原因。They also argue that 支持（X）的另一個原因。

However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do（X）.They firmly point out that 反對（X）的第一個理由。An eample can give the details of this argument:

There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of（X）overweigh the disadvantages.In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about,（X）also may（X）的有一個壞處。

2.批駁觀點式Many people argue that 錯誤觀點。By saying that, they mean 對這個觀點的進(jìn)一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個

例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個錯誤觀點或者受到這個錯誤觀點的影響)。

There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief.But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯誤觀點相反的觀

點。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.(以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。

3.社會問題(現(xiàn)象)式 Nowadays, there exists an increasinglyserious social/economic/ environmental problem.(X has increasingly become a common

concern of the public).According to a survey, 調(diào)查內(nèi)容說明這種現(xiàn)象的情況。(或者是一個例子)。

There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面參照辯論式議論文寫法。

X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects.參照辯論式議論文的寫法。

A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm.同上

Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..辯論式議論文模版

模版1Some people believe(argue, recognize, think)that 觀點1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 觀點2.As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, 論據(jù)1.More importantly, 論據(jù)2.Most important of all, 論據(jù)3.In summary, 總結(jié)觀點.As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或:From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測.模版2People hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 觀點1, while others point out that 觀點2.As far as I am concerned, the

former/latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, 論據(jù)1.For another, 論據(jù)2.Last but not the least, 論據(jù)3.To conclude, 總結(jié)觀點.As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測.模版3There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(爭論的焦點)。Some people are of the view that 觀點1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.First of all, 論據(jù)1。Furthermore, 論據(jù)2。

Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest.That is, 論據(jù)3。

A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結(jié)觀點。

As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測.(I)說明原因型模塊

Currently, XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than XX

It is clear that(1).If you(2), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(3).Failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(5).It will exert a profound influence upon

(6).With reference to my standpoint, I think(7).注釋: 1:XX的第一個優(yōu)點 2:支持XX的做法 3:不支持XX的做法

4:XX的第二個優(yōu)點 5:舉例證明優(yōu)點二 6:說明XX優(yōu)點三的影響第三天我寫的相應(yīng)作文:The importance of self-confidence

Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than self-confidence.It is clear that(self-confidence means trust in one's abilities).If you(are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your

enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything).Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that

(self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(the secret of MMe.Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular).It will exert a profound influence upon(the achievement of one's ambitions).With reference to my standpoint, I think(he that can have self-confidence can have what he will).(I)說明原因型模塊(2)

In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on(1).The factors for(2).First of all,(3).Then, there comes a case that(4).Moreover,(5).Especially when(6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind

people that(7).In this way, we should behave just like(8).The impact of Television

In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels.It has

caused a heated debate on(the impact of television on children).Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.The factors for(parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all,(with so many programs to choose from,children are not getting as much exercise as they should).Then, there comes a case that(some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school).Moreover,(the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies).Especially when(the children are too small to judge what

programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that(they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing).In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply.Nowadays, there are more and more [某種現(xiàn)象] in [某種場合].It is estimated that [相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)].Why have there been so many [某種現(xiàn)象]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is [原因一].Besides, [原因二].The third one is [原因三].To sum up, the main cause of [某種現(xiàn)象] is due to [最主要原因].It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing, [解決辦法一].On the other hand, [解決辦法二].All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [某種現(xiàn)象].為便于讀者理解，我特意用這個模板，寫了一篇關(guān)于ghost writer(捉刀代筆的槍手)的示范性小作文，請您觀摩一下。

Nowadays, there are more and more [ghost writers / 槍手] in [China's examinations / 中國的考場].It is estimated that [5％ examinees are ghost writers / 5％的應(yīng)試者是槍手].Why have there been so many [ghost writers / 槍手]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is [hirers' ignorance / 雇主無知].Besides,[hirers' indolence / 雇主懶惰].The third one is [hirers' obtusity / 雇主遲鈍].To sum up, the main cause of [ghost writers / 槍手] is due to [hirers' low IQ / 雇主智商低].It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing, [flagellation / 鞭打].On the other hand, [decapitation / 斬首].All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [ghost writers / 槍手].（I）說明原因型

模塊

（一）Nowadays ,there are more and more XX in some big cities.It is estimated that(1).Why have there been so many XX ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is that(2).Besides,(3).The third reason is(4).To sum up ,the main cause of XX is due to(5).It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing ,(6).On the other hand ,(7).All these measures will certainly reduce the

number of XX.Generation gap between parents and children

Nowadays , there are more and more misunderstanding between parents and

children which is so-called generation gap.It is estimated that(75 percentages of parents often complain their children's unreasonable behavior while children

usually think their parents too old fashioned).Why have there been so much misunderstanding between parents and children?

Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is that(the two generations,having grown up at different times, have different likes and dislikes ,thus the disagreement often rises between them).Besides(due to having little in common to

talk about , they are not willing to sit face to face).The third reason is(with the

pace of modern life becoming faster and faster , both of them are so busy with their work or study that they don't spare enough time to exchange ideas).To sum

up ,the main cause of XX is due to(lake of communication and understanding each other).It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing(children should respect their parents).On the other hand ,(parents also should show solicitue for

their children).All these measures will certainly bridge the generation gap.（I）說明原因型 模塊（2）In recent years , xx has caused a heated debate on(1).The factors for(2).First of all ,(3).Then , there comes a case that(4).Moreover ,(5).Especiallywhen(6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected theo remindpeople that(7).In this way ,we should behave just like(8).The impact of Television

In recent years , with the development of science and technology ,80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV , offering as many as 50 channels.It has

caused a heated debate on(the impact of television on children).Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.The factors for(parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all ,(with so many programs to choose from , children are not getting as much

exercise as they should).Then , there comes a case that(some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their

ability to achieve in school).Moreover ,(the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies).Especially when(the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that(they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV

viewing).In this way ,children will not be influented too deeply.（I）說明原因型 模塊（3）

Currently,XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than XX.It is clear that(1).If you(2), as a result , your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(3).Failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your

plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(4).You donn't have to look very far to find out the truth , in respect that we all know(5).It will exert a profound influence upon

(6).With reference to my standpoint ,I think(7).注釋：： XX的第一個優(yōu)點 2： 支持XX的做法 3：不支持XX的做法 4：XX的第二個優(yōu)點

5：舉例證明優(yōu)點二6：說明XX優(yōu)點三的影響第三天我寫的相應(yīng)作文：

The importance of self-confidence

Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuablethan self-confidence.It is clear that(self-confidence means trust in one's abilities).If you(are full of self-confidence ,it will bring your creative power

to play , arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome

difficulties), as a result , your dreams willcome true.On the contrary,if you(have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that

you would ever achieve anything).Failure will be following with you。

It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(self-confidence gives you light

when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You donn't have to look very far to find out the truth , in respect

that we all know(the secret of MMe.Curie lies in preserverence and

self-confidence, the latter in particular).It will exert a profound

influence upon(the achievement of one's ambitions).With reference to my standpoint ,I think(he that can have

self-confidence can have what he will).綜合運用篇

Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....隨著社會的不斷發(fā)展，出現(xiàn)了越來越多的問題，其中之一便是____________。

As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而，對于此類問題，人們持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)

As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....隨著社會的發(fā)展，人們開始關(guān)注.....As to whether it is worthwhile....., there is a long-running controversial debate.It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.關(guān)于是否值得________的問題，一直以來爭論不休。當(dāng)然，不同的人對此可能持不同的觀點。

Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....最近，這種現(xiàn)象引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注，有人開始擔(dān)心______________。

展現(xiàn)問題篇

Recently the issue of whether or not...has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.近來，是否_______的問題已經(jīng)非常明確而且引起了社會的廣泛關(guān)注。

The issue whether it is good or not to....has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.______的利與弊已在全國范圍內(nèi)引起熱烈的討論。

At present, some people think....while others claim...Both sides have their merits.目前，一些人認(rèn)為_______而另一些人則認(rèn)為_______。其實，兩種觀點都其可取之處。

People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.對于這種極具爭議的話題，我們很難作出絕對的回答。

People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行業(yè)的人對同一種問題的解釋不盡相同。

The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.這中極具爭議性的話題往往很受社會的關(guān)注。不同的人對此問題的看法也不盡相同。

When asked..., some people think.....while some prefer...說到___，有人認(rèn)為____，而另一些人則認(rèn)為___。

There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of..There who criticize...argue that..., they believe that...,but people who favor.., on the other hand, argue that...目前，___問題爭議較大。批判_______的人認(rèn)為___，他們認(rèn)為____，不過，另一方面，贊同__的人則認(rèn)為___。

1、常用與開頭的短語、句式

（1）with the（rapidly）growing popularity of（computers/private cars）in China，the quality of our lives has been considerably changed。

（3）With the development of（science and technology/market economy），more and more/an increasing number of people come to realize that …

（4）Currently there is a widespread/serious concern over(illegal publication/drug abuse/negative influence of western cultures).（5）Nowadays ,a heated debated/discussion about…is under way in China.some people believe that …,whereas others argue that…

（6）There are some reasons for owning(private cars/ personal computers).To begin with,…Next,…Last,…There are, on the other hand, many reasons against it, First,…Second,…Finally,…

（7）There are many advantages and disadvantages in(owning a car).（8）There are various /at least three ways/possible techniques/problems/methods to do something

（9）Smoking/Alcoholic beverage should be banned from college campuses for toe reasons.The first reason is that …The second reason is that …/On the one hand ,… On the other hand,…

（10）The possible solutions of(the energy crisis/water shortages/these social problems)depend on three factors…

（11）The tow major reasons responsible for(the rapid economic growth /the widespread of fake products)are…

2．常用于結(jié)尾的短語、句式

（1）It is hoped that we should place much emphasis on/pay more attention to。。

（2）To conclude，we can see that（the best way/the possible solution）is。。

（3）In short，（shortages of water，decrease of fertile fields and environmental pollution）are the major problems to be solved to（increase rain production）。

（4）In order to make our world a better place in which to live we should make great efforts to。。

（5）In a word，there are three suggestions we must follow，only in this way can we（achieve a great success）。

（6）It is time for us to take an active part in。。

（7）Let us work hand in hand in hand to（solve these social problems）

1．表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this． 2）The reasons for this are as follows． 3）The reason for this is obvious． 4）The reason for this is not far to seek． 5）The reason for this is that．．．

6）We have good reason to believe that．．．

例： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid，and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．

2．表示好處1）It has the following advantages．2）It does us a lot of good． 3）It benefits us quite a lot． 4）It is beneficial to us．

5）It is of great benefit to us．

例： Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．

3．表示壞處1）It has more disadvantages than advantages． 2）It does us much harm． 3）It is harmfulto us．

例： However，everything dividesinto two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi-sion．

4．表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）for sb．to do sth． 2）We think it necessary to do sth． 3）It plays an important role in our life．

例： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon，computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．

5．表示措施1）We should take some effective measures． 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties． 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth． 4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．

例： The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．

6．表示變化1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．

2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications． 3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．

例： Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．

第四篇：大學(xué)英語寫作

1.對立觀點式

A．有人認(rèn)為#是好事，贊成#，為什么？

B．有人認(rèn)為# 是壞事，反對#，為什么？

C．我的看法。

模板:

With the development of our society, # has increasingly become a common concern of the public.(可再加一句情況說明)

Some people are in favor of the idea of doing #.They point out the fact that 支持# 的第一個原因.They also argue that 支持# 的另一個原因.However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do #.They firmly point out that 反對# 的第一個理由.What’s more, 反對# 的第二個理由.There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of#/doing # 的好處overweigh the disadvantages.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.(結(jié)尾一段也可選用這種方式:

Therefore, in my opinion, although there are advantages of #/doing # 的好處, its negative effects should not be ignored.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.)

Colleges Have Opened Their Doors Wider With the development of our society, the fact that colleges have opened their doors wider has increasingly become a common concern of the public.Some people are in favor of the idea of opening the colleges’ doors wider.They point out the fact that it allows more students to pursue higher education.They also argue that it will provide more talents for our society.However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to open the colleges’ doors wider.They firmly point out that it will be much harder for the graduates to find a job.What’s more, it will lead to a social problem.There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of

opening the colleges’ doors wider overweigh the disadvantages.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.(141 words)(結(jié)尾一段也可選用這種方式: Therefore, in my opinion, although there are advantages of opening the colleges’ doors wider, its negative effects should not be ignored.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.)(141 words)

2.社會問題(現(xiàn)象)式

A．一個社會問題或者現(xiàn)象

B．產(chǎn)生的原因

C．我的看法。

Work in the Countryside(positive)

1.許多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生自愿到農(nóng)村工作

2.出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因

3.我的看法

Work in the Countryside With more and more university graduates in our society, how to find a good job has increasingly become a common concern of the public.It is reported that many university graduates would like to work in the countryside.There are a number of reasons for this phenomenon.To start with, it is a fact that with more and more university students graduating each year, the job market competition becomes more and more fierce, and many graduates cannot find jobs in the cities.Secondly, most villages that are trying to employ university graduates have developed well.It makes mot much difference whether to work in the countryside or in the city.Last but not least, some university graduates who come from the

countryside are eager to go back home to contribute to the construction of their hometown.Based on the above reasons, I think university graduates should go to work where they are needed most and where they can make full use of their talents.Working in the countryside can be truly an advisable(明智的)choice.(170 words)Misleading News(negative)

1.當(dāng)今社會虛假新聞越來越多

2.分析出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因

3.呼吁社會改變這種不智之舉

With the development of our society, misleading news has increasingly become a common concern of the public.It is reported that there are more and more misleading news in our society.There are a number of reasons for this phenomenon.To start with, it is a fact that there are more and more modern communication tools in the world, misleading news can easily spread.Secondly, some journalists would like to draw public attention and increase the sales by publishing misleading news.Last but not least, the public would like to share some interesting news which may be misleading.Based on the above discussions, I think we should take action to prevent misleading news.Think twice before we speak can be truly an advisable choice.(124 words)

3.應(yīng)用文

寫信:感謝信, 投訴信，道歉信,邀請信,申請(貸款、入學(xué)、求職)，請求別人幫忙（寫推薦信，搜查資料)

Dear Sir or Madam,(不知是誰的情況下，如果有要求寫給誰要寫上具體的名稱)

I am a student/customer who….I am writing to thank you for/complain about/apologize for/invite you to do/apply for/ask for your help to do sth.描述過程或原因.When I …, I was really thankful/upset/sorry /honored/interested/upset.I sincerely hope that ….If you can…, I will be really….I am looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Lily

A Letter to Apply for a Student Loan

1.介紹你的個人情況

2.申請助學(xué)貸款的原因、數(shù)額及用途

3.如何保證?？顚Ｓ靡约澳愕倪€款

Dear Sir or Madam,I am a sophomore in Peking University who majors in Engineering.I am writing to apply for a student loan of 2,000 yuan.It is hard for me to make the application, but I have to.Last year both my parents were laid off, and what’s worse, three weeks ago my mother was discovered to have caught a serious disease.Therefore, I could not get support for my study form my family any more.When I knew that I have the opportunity to apply for the student loan, I was really happy and excited.So I immediately write this letter to you to ask for your help.I sincerely hope that I can get the loan.I promise that all the money will go to my tuition and fees for the next year, and I will repay it within four years, that is, one year after my graduation.If you can grant my application, I will be really grateful.I am looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Lily

(166 words)

4.圖表作文模板

圖表作文提示部分包括圖表和文字要點提示兩部分。圖表的類型主要有：圓形（餅型）圖（pie chart）、柱形圖(直型圖)（graph）、曲線圖（chart）和數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計表(表格)（table）。① 描述圖表 ②分三方面解釋原因 ③下結(jié)論

1)As can be seen from the in______.During the period from _______to _______, ________rose from ________to _______, while _______ decreased from _______ to _______.2)We believe that there are a number of reasons for this phenomenon.To begin with,____.Secondly, ____.Last but not least, _____.3)In conclusion, ______.We can imagine that _____.范文： Health Gains in Developing Countries

1．以下圖為依據(jù)描述發(fā)展中國家的期望壽命(1ife expectancy)和嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality)的變化情況

2．說明引起變化的各種原因

1960 1990

Health Gains in Developing Countries

life expectancy of developing 40 years nearly 60 years, infant

develops quickly in developing countries during this period, and living quality improves the development of national health care systems.When they become richer and richer, they care more about personal health conditions.medical sciences also develop at a fantastic speed, and it is much safer for mothers to give birth.the situations in developing countries are changing for the better.(169 words)

注:還須注意今年的熱點問題,如:就業(yè)(有關(guān)詞匯如: graduate, apply for, applicant, candidate等);經(jīng)濟(jì)問題(有關(guān)詞匯如: the financial

crisis/tsunami等);或城市交通問題等.

第五篇：談學(xué)習(xí)英語寫作

談學(xué)習(xí)英語寫作

班級：08小教數(shù)學(xué)（1）班 學(xué)號：0811100049 姓名：楊衛(wèi)

隨著對外交流的日益增多，社會交流、日常生活、工作和學(xué)習(xí)等方方面面對英語的需求越來越廣泛，我們必須了解和掌握英語應(yīng)用文寫作。另外，英語四六級考試也需要英語寫作，英語應(yīng)用文有著很強(qiáng)的實用性和實踐性。

本書共分為三章：第一章為書信類應(yīng)用文寫作，包括感謝信、邀請信、求職信、介紹信、祝賀信、簡歷等十個單元。第二章為非書信類應(yīng)用文，寫作有通知、簡介、合同等。第三章為大學(xué)英語四六級寫作。老師在教授我們學(xué)習(xí)本書的過程中，重點是放在第一章的，因為第一章的實用性更強(qiáng)一些，比較貼近生活，其中比較常用的有以下幾種：

1、感謝信

感謝信寫作的基本格式和普通信件相同，開頭的稱謂多用Dear…結(jié)尾可用Sincerely, Yours sincerely Lovingly yours等。正文開頭部分應(yīng)對收到的禮物表示贊美，并表示感謝，中間部分描寫這件禮物的好處和自己的感激，末尾可再次感謝。感謝信不宜過長，關(guān)鍵是要有誠意，感謝信要及時寫并應(yīng)用手寫。感謝信的基本句型如下：

It is so kind of you to….I am writing to thank you….I appreciate it more than I can say…

附sample： Dear John，Thank you very much for sending me all those wonderful gifts.They are beautiful and perfect.I want to thank you a thousand times.The presents will be shown on the day of my birthday;I hope you can come that day.Thank you again, and I am looking forward to your visit.Yours，Karen

2、邀請信：邀請信分為正規(guī)形式和不正規(guī)形式兩種.，邀請的語氣取決于本人和受邀人之間的關(guān)系，邀請信一半由三部分構(gòu)成：

1）說明邀請內(nèi)容

2）說明邀請理由

3）說明邀請的細(xì)節(jié)（時間、日期、地點、邀請哪些人等）

4）請求在哪天回復(fù)是否參加 基本句型如下;I cordially invite you to join us/I should be cheerful if you could come to…/we would be happy if you come….附sample： Dear Mr.Wang, I write cordially to invite you attend a dinner party.In celebration of

30th anniversary of the founding of Hefei University, march 15th.Please let us know if you are able to come so that we organize to meet you.Sincerely，Li Ming

3、求職信：求職信的格式一般注意以下幾點：

1）開頭 開門見山，寫明信件目的，即提出申請

2）正文

解釋你為何適合這份工作（包括教育背景、自理、工作經(jīng)驗等）；解釋你為何選擇該公司或此項工作； 解釋你為何離開原單位及對工資的要求

3）結(jié)尾 感謝對方收到你的申請，并希望對方早日回復(fù)或給予面試機(jī)會

基本句型如下：

I am writing/should like/wish to apply for the post/position/job of…advertised in…on…

I shall be glad to call at any time for an interview.附Sample: Dear Sir，I am writing to apply for the position of a Math teacher advised in Hefei Daily on March 1st, 2011.I aged 23, shall graduate from Hefei University in Math education in July 2011.During my studies, I used to teach Math for primary students

at several schools in summer and winter vacation.I have learnt much experience in Math teaching and I believe I am a qualified to be a Math teacher.I am looking forward to your kind attention and reply.Should you grant me a chance of interview? I should be so grateful.Yours，Li Long

4、投訴信：投訴要注意以下四個要素：擺明事實、提起投訴、提出解決辦法、表明立場（要注意禮貌不要做不必要的威脅）

基本句型如下：

I am writing to complain about…/I am returning this shirt with this letter and look forward to receiving…./at your price, I expected top quality 附Sample: Dear Sir, I am writing to complain about the poor quality of a computer bought from you on March 14, 2011.When I took it home, open the box turned it on.I found no sign, no light, and no picture.I got upset.I demanded your immediately attention and sent sb.to replace it as early as possible.Waiting for your soonest reply.Sincerely，Robert

5、推薦信

推薦信一般有3個組成部分：

1）說明推薦何人任何職

2)證明求職者符合其應(yīng)聘職位的要求

3）結(jié)語 推薦信的內(nèi)容一般為：

1）說明推薦人在何時何地與申請人相識，屬何種關(guān)系，申請人的具體工作

2）介紹申請人的工作能力或科研能力 3）說明申請人的工作態(tài)度或?qū)W習(xí)精神

4)描述申請人的性格特征，說明是否容易相處，并建議用人單位錄用 基本句型如下;I have the pleasure of introducing to you sb./Allow me to introduce to you sb./I can recommend…/I can confidently recommend sb.to you … 附Sample: Dear Sir，I have the pleasure of introducing to you Mr.Wang, the bearer of this letter.The market manager of Mailing.He is coming to meeting me in Hefei on March 23, 2011.Any assistance you may give him will be regarded a great favor.Sincerely，Leo

總的來說，這學(xué)期還是學(xué)到了不少東西，老師不僅教授了我們課本上的知識，還有一些生活上的常識以及老師用自身以前的經(jīng)歷來教育我們。其實英語寫作對我們來說并不陌生，我們自接觸英語以來也寫過很多英語作文，當(dāng)然也包括應(yīng)用文這種類型，只不過沒有將它們系統(tǒng)的分類開來。通過這本書的學(xué)習(xí)，我對英語應(yīng)用文寫作有了深一層的認(rèn)識。