第一篇：英語倒裝句用法小結(jié)

倒裝句用法小結(jié)

一般來說，倒裝分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝，有的倒裝是因?yàn)檎Z法需要而出現(xiàn)的，有的倒裝則是因?yàn)榻Y(jié)構(gòu)平衡的需要而出現(xiàn)的。

一、完全倒裝（主謂倒裝）是指把謂語全部提到主語的前面。例：In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.1.以here, there，now, then引導(dǎo)的句子，要完全倒裝。這種句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞通常是不及物動(dòng)詞。如：Here comes the train!/ There goes the bell!注意：若代詞作主語，只把該副詞提前主謂語序不變。Here he comes./ Here it is.2句首是擬聲詞或 out , in , up ,away , down 等副詞，句子要完全倒裝。（注意，這時(shí)句子的主語也必須是名詞。如果是人稱代詞，也不能使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。）如：Up went the rocket./Up it went.3.介詞短語作狀語在句首，句子要完全倒裝。注意，這時(shí)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞通常是不及物動(dòng)詞。如：In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.4.表語置于句首，且主語較長(zhǎng)或結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜的句子要用全部倒裝。如：Gone are the days when we ha nothing to eat.5.so/ neither/ nor 表前面所說的情況也適合于后者，其倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“so/ neither/ nor+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”，這里的主語同前一個(gè)句子的主語指的是同一人或物。如：She has finished her homework, so has her brother.She hasn’t gone there, neither/ nor has he.二、部分倒裝（助動(dòng)詞倒裝）是指把謂語的一部分（助動(dòng)詞）提到主語的前面。例： Never in my life have I seen such a thing.1.用于疑問句中。如：How did you do that? Did you see the film yesterday?

2.if 從句中如有 were(had , should), if 省去后，要部分倒裝,把were，had，should提到主語前面

如： If you had come yesterday, you would have seen him.---Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him

3.as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，要部分倒裝（表語、狀語倒裝）。有以下幾種形式：(1)副詞置于句首

Much as I like it(=Although I like it very much), I will not buy it.(2)動(dòng)詞置于句首

Wait as you may(= Although you may wait), he will not see you.(3).形容詞或名詞置于句首

Proud as the nobles are(=Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to see me.Child as he is(=Although he is a child), he can tell right from wrong.注意：如果名詞前有形容詞修飾時(shí)，as引導(dǎo)的倒裝句中要保留不定冠詞。如： A bad-tempered man as he is(=Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply.4.句首為否定詞或否定意義的詞語時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝

(not , not only , never , little , seldom , not until, hardly(scarcely), no sooner, not once, at no time,...)Little do we know about him.No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep.Seldom does he come back on Sundays.Not until he came back did I know about it.5.only 在句首引導(dǎo)狀語，或not until 引導(dǎo)的狀語在句首，主句要部分倒裝。如： Only then did I realize the important of English./ Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents’ intentions.但若only 修飾的是句子的其它成分，則無須倒裝

Only socialism can save China.(only修飾句子的主語，仍用正常語序)

6.not only...but also...引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)并列句，前倒后不倒。如：

Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lesso--ns.7.在以often, well, many a time, now and again等方式或頻度副詞(短語)開頭的句子中，要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

Many a time has John given me good advice./ Often have we made that test.8.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。May you succeed!

9.so或so引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首,要部分倒裝。

So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.so?that結(jié)構(gòu)中的倒裝。有時(shí)要強(qiáng)調(diào)so 所修飾的形容詞或副詞，常將so連同它所修飾的形容詞或副詞一起提到句首。這時(shí)，主句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如： He runs so fast that he is far ahead of others.---So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.He is so clever that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.（全部倒裝）

10.狀語位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或使句子平衡，或使上下文緊密銜接，句子要部分倒裝。

倒裝句的用法.在以 here , there , in , out , up , down , away , back , now , then 等副詞開頭的句子里，如果主語是名詞，常用全部倒裝。

Out rushed the boys./Then followed three days of heavy rain.若代詞作主語，只把該副詞提前主謂語序不變。Here he comes./ Here it is..當(dāng)句首狀語是表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組時(shí)，也常常引起全部倒裝。South of the city lies a big steel factory..以帶有否定意義而且修飾全句的詞開頭的句子，要用“部分倒裝”語序(倒裝 的方法跟變一般疑問句的方法相似，這類常見詞有

never , hardly , seldom , not , not only , not until(引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，主句“部分倒裝”)，little , rarely , no sooner...than , hardly...when , scarcely...when。例:Never shall I do this again.其中 no sooner...than , hardly...when , scarcely...when 表示“一??就??”的意思。no sooner , hardly , scarcely 引出的主句要用“部分倒裝”形式的過去完成 時(shí)，than,when引出的從句用過去時(shí)

No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.如果帶有否定意義的詞不是修飾全句，只是修飾主語，那么句子的主謂不必倒裝。Scarcely a sound came from among the crowd..so 修飾形容詞或副詞，only 修飾副詞或狀語放在句首時(shí)“部分倒裝”。So badly was he injured in the accident that he was sent to the hospital for treatment./Only in this way can you master English.如果 only 修飾主語，句子則不倒裝。例如:Only Wang Lin knows this.5.neither , nor 或 no more 放在句首，作“也不”講時(shí)，所引導(dǎo)的句子部分倒裝。He can’ t answer the question.Neither can I.6.為了保持句子平衡或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語或狀語，或使上下文緊密銜接時(shí)，需倒裝。Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.7.由 as , though(although)引導(dǎo)的表示“雖然”，“盡管”的讓步狀語從句，用倒裝語序，即把從句中的 表語或狀語等放在 as 的前面。

第二篇：英語倒裝句用法小結(jié)

倒裝句

一般來說，倒裝分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝，有的倒裝是因?yàn)檎Z法需要而出現(xiàn)的，有的倒裝則是因?yàn)榻Y(jié)構(gòu)平衡的需要而出現(xiàn)的。

一、完全倒裝（主謂倒裝）是指把謂語全部提到主語的前面。例：In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.1.以here, there，now, then引導(dǎo)的句子，要完全倒裝。這種句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞通常是不及物動(dòng)詞。如：Here comes the train!/ There goes the bell!注意：若代詞作主語，只把該副詞提前主謂語序不變。Here he comes./ Here it is.2句首是擬聲詞或 out , in , up ,away , down 等副詞，句子要完全倒裝。（注意，這時(shí)句子的主語也必須是名詞。如果是人稱代詞，也不能使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。）如：Up went the rocket./Up it went.3.介詞短語作狀語在句首，句子要完全倒裝。注意，這時(shí)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞通常是不及物動(dòng)詞。如：In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.4.表語置于句首，且主語較長(zhǎng)或結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜的句子要用全部倒裝。如：Gone are the days when we ha nothing to eat.5.so/ neither/ nor 表前面所說的情況也適合于后者，其倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“so/ neither/ nor+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”，這里的主語同前一個(gè)句子的主語指的是同一人或物。如：She has finished her homework, so has her brother.She hasn’t gone there, neither/ nor has he.二、部分倒裝（助動(dòng)詞倒裝）是指把謂語的一部分（助動(dòng)詞）提到主語的前面。例： Never in my life have I seen such a thing.1.用于疑問句中。如：How did you do that? Did you see the film yesterday?

2.if 從句中如有 were(had , should), if 省去后，要部分倒裝,把were，had，should提到主語前面

如： If you had come yesterday, you would have seen him.---Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him

3.as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，要部分倒裝（表語、狀語倒裝）。有以下幾種形式：(1)副詞置于句首

Much as I like it(=Although I like it very much), I will not buy it.(2)動(dòng)詞置于句首

Wait as you may(= Although you may wait), he will not see you.(3).形容詞或名詞置于句首

Proud as the nobles are(=Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to see me.Child as he is(=Although he is a child), he can tell right from wrong.注意：如果名詞前有形容詞修飾時(shí)，as引導(dǎo)的倒裝句中要保留不定冠詞。如： A bad-tempered man as he is(=Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply.4.句首為否定詞或否定意義的詞語時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝

(not , not only , never , little , seldom , not until, hardly(scarcely), no sooner, not once, at no time,...)

Little do we know about him.No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep.Seldom does he come back on Sundays.Not until he came back did I know about it.5.only 在句首引導(dǎo)狀語，或not until 引導(dǎo)的狀語在句首，主句要部分倒裝。如： Only then did I realize the important of English./ Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents’ intentions.但若only 修飾的是句子的其它成分，則無須倒裝

Only socialism can save China.(only修飾句子的主語，仍用正常語序)

6.not only...but also...引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)并列句，前倒后不倒。如：

Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lesso--ns.7.在以often, well, many a time, now and again等方式或頻度副詞(短語)開頭的句子中，要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

Many a time has John given me good advice./ Often have we made that test.8.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。May you succeed!

9.so或so引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首,要部分倒裝。

So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.so?that結(jié)構(gòu)中的倒裝。有時(shí)要強(qiáng)調(diào)so 所修飾的形容詞或副詞，常將so連同它所修飾的形容詞或副詞一起提到句首。這時(shí)，主句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如： He

runs so fast that he is far ahead of others.---So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.He is so clever that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.（全部倒裝）

10.狀語位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或使句子平衡，或使上下文緊密銜接，句子要部分倒裝。

第三篇：倒裝句用法總結(jié)（范文模版）

倒裝句用法總結(jié)專題 英語最基本的語序是主語在前，謂語動(dòng)詞在后。但有時(shí)由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)的需要或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，就要采用倒裝形式。倒裝分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝，將謂語動(dòng)詞完全移到主語之前稱為完全倒裝，只將助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)到主語之前稱為部分倒裝

一、完全倒裝（主謂倒裝）是指把謂語全部提到主語的前面。

例：In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.1.以here, there，now, then引導(dǎo)的句子，要完全倒裝。這種句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞通常是不及物動(dòng)詞。如：Here comes the train!/ There goes the bell!注意：若代詞作主語，只把該副詞提前主謂語序不變。Here he comes./ Here it is.2句首以 out , in , up ,away , down 等副詞開頭，句子要完全倒裝。（注意，這時(shí)句子的主語也必須是名詞。如果是人稱代詞，也不能使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。）

如：Up went the rocket./Up it went.3.介詞短語作狀語在句首，句子要完全倒裝。注意，這時(shí)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞通常是不及物動(dòng)詞。如：In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.4.表語置于句首，且主語較長(zhǎng)或結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜的句子要用全部倒裝。如：Gone are the days when we ha nothing to eat.5.so/ neither/ nor 表前面所說的情況也適合于后者，其倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“so/ neither/ nor+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”，這里的主語同前一個(gè)句子的主語指的不是同一人或物。如：She has finished her homework, so has her brother.She hasn’t gone there, neither/ nor has he.二、部分倒裝（助動(dòng)詞倒裝）是指把謂語的一部分（助動(dòng)詞）提到主語的前面。

例： Never in my life have I seen such a thing.1.用于疑問句中。

如：How did you do that?

Did you see the film yesterday? 2.if 從句中如有 were(had , should), if 省去后，要部分倒裝,把were，had，should提到主語前面。如： If you had come yesterday, you would have seen him.---Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him.3.as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，要部分倒裝（表語、狀語倒裝）。有以下幾種形式： 1）副詞置于句首。

如：Much as I like it(=Although I like it very much), I will not buy it.2）動(dòng)詞置于句首。

如：Wait as you may(= Although you may wait), he will not see you.3）形容詞或名詞置于句首。

如：Proud as the nobles are(=Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to see me.Child as he is(=Although he is a child), he can tell right from wrong.注意：如果名詞前有形容詞修飾時(shí)，as引導(dǎo)的倒裝句中要保留不定冠詞。如： A bad-tempered man as he is(=Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply.4.句首為否定詞或否定意義的詞語時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝。

(not , not only , never , little , seldom , not until, hardly(scarcely), no sooner, not once, at no time,...)

Little do we know about him.No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep.Seldom does he come back on Sundays.Not until he came back did I know about it.5.only 在句首引導(dǎo)狀語，或not until 引導(dǎo)的狀語在句首，主句要部分倒裝。

如：Only then did I realize the important of English./ Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents’ intentions.但若only修飾的是句子的其它成分，則無需倒裝。

如：Only socialism can save China.(only修飾句子的主語，仍用正常語序)

6.not only...but also...引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)并列句，前倒后不倒。

如：Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lessons.7.在以often, well, many a time, now and again等方式或頻度副詞(短語)開頭的句子中,要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Many a time has John given me good advice./ Often have we made that test.8.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。May you succeed!9.so或so引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首,要部分倒裝。

So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.so…that結(jié)構(gòu)中的倒裝。有時(shí)要強(qiáng)調(diào)so 所修飾的形容詞或副詞，常將so連同它所修飾的形容詞或副詞一起提到句首。這時(shí)，主句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

He runs so fast that he is far ahead of others.---So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.He is so clever that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.--So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.(全部倒裝)10.狀語位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或使句子平衡，或使上下文緊密銜接，句子要部分倒裝。

倒裝句的用法具體小結(jié)（下面的小結(jié)與以上的大總結(jié)可能有些重復(fù)，可是下面都是一些做題常用知識(shí)點(diǎn)，希望大家能理解地記憶好，這樣的話，對(duì)于大家以后解倒裝句的題就能很容易。）1.在以 here , there , in , out , up , down , away , back , now , then 等副詞開頭的句子里，如果主語是名詞，常用全部倒裝。

Out rushed the boys./Then followed three days of heavy rain.若代詞作主語，只把該副詞提前主謂語序不變。Here he comes./ Here it is..當(dāng)句首狀語是表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組時(shí)，也常常引起全部倒裝。

South of the city lies a big steel factory..以帶有否定意義而且修飾全句的詞開頭的句子，要用“部分倒裝”語序(倒裝的方法跟變一般疑問句的方法相似)。這類常見詞有 never , hardly , seldom , not , not only , not until(引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，主句“部分倒裝”)，little , rarely , no sooner...than , hardly...when , scarcely...when。

例:Never shall I do this again.其中 no sooner...than , hardly...when , scarcely...when 表示“一??就??”的意思。no sooner , hardly , scarcely 引出的主句要用“部分倒裝”形式的過去完成時(shí)，than , when 引出的從句用過去時(shí)。

No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.如果帶有否定意義的詞不是修飾全句，只是修飾主語，那么句子的主謂不必倒裝。

Scarcely a sound came from among the crowd..so 修飾形容詞或副詞，only 修飾副詞或狀語放在句首時(shí)“部分倒裝”。

So badly was he injured in the accident that he was sent to the hospital for treatment./Only in this way can you master English.如果 only 修飾主語，句子則不倒裝。

例如:Only Wang Lin knows this.5.neither , nor 或 no more 放在句首，作“也不”講時(shí)，所引導(dǎo)的句子部分倒裝。He can’ t answer the question.Neither can I.6.為了保持句子平衡或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語或狀語，或使上下文緊密銜接時(shí)，需倒裝。

Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.7.由 as , though(although)引導(dǎo)的表示“雖然”，“盡管”的讓步狀語從句，用倒裝語序，即把從句中的表語或狀語等放在 as 的前面。

1.______can you expect to get a pay rise.（2001北京春季卷）

A.With hard work

B．Although work hard C．Only with hard work D．Now that he works hard 2.I failed in the final examination last term and only then

the importance of studies.（2004重慶卷）A.I realized B.I had realized

C.had I realized D.did I realize

3.----I would never come to this restaurant again.The food is terrible.----______.(2004全國(guó)卷)A.Nor am I

B.Neither would I

C.same with me

D.So do I 4.____snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.（2004上海卷）

A.Not only they brought

B.Not only did they bring

C.Not only brought they

D.Not only they did bring 5____about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.(2005江蘇卷)A.So curious the couple was

B.So curious were the couple

C.How curious the couple were

D.The couple was such curious 6.—David has made great progress recently.—_____,and _____.(2005上海卷)A.So he has;so you have

B.So he has;so have you

C.So has he;so have you

D.So has he;so you have

7.Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else ____such a beautiful palace.（2004年遼寧卷）A．can you find B．you could find C．you can find

D．could you find 8.______, Carolina couldn't get the door open.(05廣東卷)

A.Try as she might

B.As she might try

C.She might as try

D.Might she as try 9.Never before _______ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.（2005上海卷）A.has this city been

B.this city has been C.was this city D.this city was 10._____, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.（05重慶卷）

A.A quiet student as he may be

B.Quiet student as he may be C.Be a quiet student as he may

D.Quiet as he may be a student 11.In the dark forests ________, some large enough to hold several English towns.（2005遼寧卷）A．stand many lakes B．lie many lakes C．many lakes lie(key: CDBBB BAAAB B)詳細(xì)的答案講解

1.only所修飾的狀語(副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句)位于句首時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要部分倒裝。（1、2題）2.含有否定意義的副詞(not until, never, hardly, seldom, little, not, neither, nor, scarcely等)位于句首時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要部分倒裝。（7、9）

3.Not only放在句首,從句不倒裝,主句倒裝。（4題）

4.so位于句首,表示前面的內(nèi)容也適用于另一人或物時(shí);neither, nor位于句首表示另一人或物也不這樣時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用部分倒裝。(3,6)

D．many lakes stand

5.so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中表示程度的副詞so位于句首時(shí)要用部分倒裝。（5題）

6.為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)狀語或表語,或使上下文緊密銜接時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要全部倒裝。（11題）7.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),從句中表語、謂語要倒裝,注意:如果從句的表語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),且該名詞前又沒有形容詞修飾時(shí),其名詞前不加冠詞.（8、10題）

第四篇：英語倒裝句的用法講解

英語倒裝句的用法講解

倒裝是一種語法手段〃用于表示一定的句子結(jié)構(gòu)或強(qiáng)調(diào)某一句子成分。倒裝句有兩種：完全倒裝和部分倒裝。

完全倒裝

1)完全倒裝即把整個(gè)謂語放到主語之前(是整個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞〃而非助動(dòng)詞)。

例如：The teacher came in and the class began.(沒有倒裝)

In came the teacher and the class began.(老師走了進(jìn)來〃然后開始上課。)

2)there引出的完全倒裝句：除了最常見的there be句型以外〃there還可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等〃一般都譯成“有”的含義〃構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。

例如：There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.(遠(yuǎn)處有個(gè)穿黑色衣服的人。)

3)由地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間副詞引出的完全倒裝句：以地點(diǎn)副詞here, there和時(shí)間副詞now, then 開頭〃后面的動(dòng)詞是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等〃而主語又是名詞時(shí)〃構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。Up climbed the boy when his mother came.4)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語置于句首〃謂語表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞且主語是名詞時(shí)使用完全倒裝

5)在強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語時(shí)1)當(dāng)句首狀語為方位詞或擬聲詞〃謂語動(dòng)詞為go, come等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞時(shí)句子須倒裝。例如：

Up went the plane.In came the chairman and the meeting began.注：如果主語是代詞則不發(fā)生倒裝。例如：

Out they rushed!Lower and lower he bent.(2)當(dāng)句首狀語為表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組時(shí)〃句子須倒裝。例如：

Round the corner walked a large policeman.2Under the table was lying a half-conscious young man.當(dāng)句首狀語由“only +副詞”〃“only +介詞詞組”〃“only +狀語從句”構(gòu)成時(shí)〃句子須倒裝。例如：

Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.(不屬于完全倒裝)Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end.(6)當(dāng)句首狀語為here, there, now, then等時(shí)〃句子須倒裝〃主語是代詞時(shí)〃句子不用倒裝。例如：

1)Here is a ticket for you.2)Now comes your turn.3)Here he comes.(7)以關(guān)聯(lián)詞so(…that)開頭的句子中〃句子須倒裝。例如：

1)So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.2)So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given a bonus.3)So much does he worry about his financial position that he can’t sleep at night.注：在該結(jié)構(gòu)中〃“so +形容詞”是表語的前置;“so +副詞”是狀語的前置。

.在直接引語之后

在敘事性書面語中〃直接引語后常跟asked Mary, answered John, said the old lady, grunted Peter之類的詞語。在這些

詞語中〃動(dòng)詞常的主語之前〃主語是代詞時(shí)〃不用倒裝。例如：

1)“What do you mean?” asked Henry.2)“What do you mean?” he asked..often, many a time等表示頻度的狀語置于句首時(shí)

例如：Often did they think of going there, but they never had a chance.12.在as, though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中

在as, though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中〃一般將形容詞、副詞或名詞等置于句首。例如：

1)Small as the atom is, we can smash it.2)Big as the workpiece is, it is turned out with

Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.轟炸機(jī)肚底下竄出一枚導(dǎo)彈。

Out he rushed.注意：

1)在here, there引出的倒裝句中〃當(dāng)主語是普通名詞時(shí)用完全倒裝句〃但當(dāng)主語是代詞時(shí)〃就要用部分倒裝句。

例：Here comes the postman!(郵遞員終于來了!注意實(shí)意謂語動(dòng)詞位于主語之前。)

Here we are.(我們到了。注意系動(dòng)詞位于主語代詞之后。)

2)當(dāng)主語是代詞〃謂語是系動(dòng)詞〃表語是說明性的詞、詞組和定語從句時(shí)〃可以使用完全倒裝句〃起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。

例：Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.(他真幸運(yùn)〃被一所名牌大學(xué)錄取了。)

Typical for China is the crosstalk show where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.(中國(guó)典型的是相聲表演〃兩個(gè)喜劇演員通過文字游戲逗樂觀眾)

部分倒裝解析

1)部分倒裝即只把謂語的一部分(如助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等)放到主語前〃或把句子的強(qiáng)調(diào)成分提前。

Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about(疾病沒有使他放棄過上夢(mèng)想中的生活)

2)以否定詞開頭的句子要求部分倒裝。注意下列句子中助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提前、甚至補(bǔ)充助動(dòng)詞的用法： 例：Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.(小約翰直到昨天才改變了主意。)In no country other than Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.(據(jù)說除了英國(guó)世界上沒有哪個(gè)國(guó)家能讓人在一天中感受到四季變化)

3)以否定副詞開頭并加狀語放在句首的句子要求部分倒裝。這些否定副詞有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner…… than, rarely, no more, not nearly, not only等以及only。Only in the country can you learn the “true English”.4)一些如scarcely……when, no sooner ……than, hardly……when引導(dǎo)的主從復(fù)合句主句要求使用過去完成式。注意：在部分倒裝句中〃只有助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或連系動(dòng)詞to be可以置于主語之前〃其它部分都要置于主語之后。

5)此外〃一些介詞+no+名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中需要用部分倒裝〃這些結(jié)構(gòu)包括at no time;by no means;by no manner of means;for no reason;in no case;in/under no circumstances;in no sense;in no way;on no account;on no consideration;at no point例如Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.注意：

a)如果含有從句時(shí)〃只要求主句倒裝： 例：Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.(只有當(dāng)他已經(jīng)說出那個(gè)字后才意識(shí)到自己犯了個(gè)大錯(cuò)誤。)

b)如果上述否定副詞出現(xiàn)在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的前半部分〃不用倒裝：

例： It was not until he went abroad that he knew the truth of the fact.(直到他出國(guó)以后才了解到事實(shí)真相。)

c)如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all時(shí)〃意義類似almost no/ not/ never(幾乎不、從不)〃則無須倒裝。

例：Hardly any people invited went there.(幾乎沒有什么受到邀請(qǐng)的人去那里了。)

6)由no matter how, however和how引導(dǎo)的狀語從句要求部分倒裝〃因?yàn)樾稳菰~或副詞通常緊跟在這三個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞后面〃然后才是主語和謂語〃形成形式上的部分倒裝句：

例：I know nothing about this river, neither how long, how wide nor how deep it is.(我一點(diǎn)也不了解這條河〃不知道它有多長(zhǎng)〃多寬或多深。)

7)由as引導(dǎo)的部分倒裝句：

a)當(dāng)as作為比較意義時(shí)〃即用于as + adj./ adv.+ as結(jié)構(gòu)中時(shí)〃如果把第一個(gè)as省略掉〃就形成部分倒裝句。

例：Cautious as the rest of her family(was), she didn't seem willing to give an immediate reply to my question.(正如她家里人一樣謹(jǐn)慎小心〃她似乎不愿意立即回答我的問題。)

She charged the stairs, quick as a rabbit(ran).(她跑上樓去〃跑得象兔子那么快!)

b)當(dāng) as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語時(shí)〃和although, though一樣〃當(dāng)用作“盡管”之義時(shí)〃可以用于部分倒裝句。

Hard as he worked, he did not pass the exam.(雖然他很用功〃但他還是沒及格)

c)表示原因時(shí)〃為了強(qiáng)調(diào)起見〃也可以倒裝。

例：Tired as he was, we decided not to disturb him.(因?yàn)樗哿恕ㄎ覀儧Q定不打擾他。)

d)等于so時(shí)〃意義是“也〃也是”

例：She worked hard, so/ as did her husband.(她工作很努力〃她的丈夫工作也很努力。)

so, neither, nor倒裝

除了構(gòu)成上述倒裝句以外〃還可以取代上文出現(xiàn)的名詞、形容詞甚至整句話〃構(gòu)成完全倒裝句或部分倒裝句。但這兩種倒裝的意義不同。

a)當(dāng)so表示“也〃相同〃那樣”時(shí)〃通常表示對(duì)前一句肯定句的贊同、一致內(nèi)容〃要求使用完全倒裝句：

He promised to finish my homework, so did I.b)so /such ……that句型可以構(gòu)成部分倒裝句〃表示強(qiáng)調(diào)so /such和that之間的部分：

例：So selfish was she that everyone avoid talking with her.c)也存在such+be+主語的情況用以強(qiáng)調(diào)〃例如Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.(阿爾伯特?愛因斯坦是一個(gè)有偉大成就的普通人)

d)neither和nor共有4種倒裝形式〃其含義分別為：

1)完全倒裝時(shí)：表示“也不”〃和上文a)用法正好相反〃表示對(duì)前一句否定句的贊同或一致內(nèi)容。

例：You don't know what to do now, neither/ nor do I.(你不知道現(xiàn)在該做什么〃我也不知道。)

2)和其它否定副詞連用〃表示“也(不)”〃也要求用完全倒裝句：

例：The besieged enemy could not advance, nor / neither retreat could they.(被包圍的敵人既不能進(jìn)〃也不能退。)

注意：若把這句話改成：“The besieged enemy could neither advance nor retreat.(被包圍的敵人既不能進(jìn)〃也不能退。)”就不必倒裝。

She never laughed, nor did she ever lose her temper.3)用在肯定句里〃構(gòu)成一般否定倒裝：

例：All that is true, nor must we forget it.(那全都是真的〃我們可不能忘記。)

部分倒裝作用

有承上啟下作用〃表示同意和贊同：

例：A: I couldn't do anything for her.(我?guī)筒涣怂?

B: Nor you could, but you might have got somebody to help her.(你是不能幫她〃但你本可以找人幫她的。)

2)在進(jìn)行比較的句子里〃如果主語不是代詞時(shí)〃可以倒裝：

例：America consumes more energy than did our country.(美國(guó)消耗的能源比我們國(guó)家多。)

3)在某些表示祝愿的句型中要求倒裝。如May you happy.4)在文學(xué)作品中常出現(xiàn)倒裝〃有些是由于語法習(xí)慣〃有些是為了簡(jiǎn)單的修辭〃如Not even one cloud will I bring away(不帶走一片云彩).不用倒裝的地方

注:如果only后面的詞組不是狀語,則不用倒裝.Only Wang Ling knows this.如果直接引語后注明引語是什么人說的〃而且主語是名詞時(shí)〃用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu);主語是代詞時(shí)〃一般不用倒裝。

“ Let's go ,” said the man.編輯本段

分類

there be結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝

在“there be”(或there + appear to be〃come〃exist, happen to be, lie, live, occur, remain, seem, seem to be, stand, used to be)雪結(jié)構(gòu)中〃倒裝形式為完全倒裝。如：

There were many students in the reading room in this evening.今晚閱覽室里有許多學(xué)生。

There is a TV set, a stereo system and a number of chairs in the sitting room.客廳里有一臺(tái)電視機(jī)〃一套組合音響和一些椅子。

here〃there〃now〃then等引起的倒裝

在以here,there,now,then等簡(jiǎn)短副詞引起的句子中(前三個(gè)須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))〃動(dòng)詞往往是be,come,go等時(shí)〃 這類句子大多帶有引起注意的含義。如：

Here comes the bus.公共汽車來了。

Here is the letter you have been looking forward to.你久盼的信在這兒。

但要注意：如果主語是人稱代詞〃則不用倒裝。如：

Here they are.他們?cè)谶@兒。

省略if的非真實(shí)條件狀語從句中的倒裝

虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)中的條件從句省去if時(shí)〃were, had, should須移至主語之前。如：

Had you worked harder at college, you would have got better job.如果你在大學(xué)期間讀書用功些〃現(xiàn)在就會(huì)找到一份更好的工作。

Were he better qualified, he would apply for the position.要是他的條件再好些〃他就申請(qǐng)這個(gè)職位。

what〃how引起的倒裝

以What, how開頭的感嘆句(表語或賓語提前)。如：

What beautiful weather(it is)!

多好的天氣啊!(表語提前)

What a lovely picture he painted!

他畫了一張多好的畫啊!(賓語提前)

疑問詞或連接詞引起的倒裝

在疑問詞或連接詞whether等引起的從句中。如：

Whatever you may say, I won’t go there.無論你怎樣說〃我都不會(huì)去那兒。(狀語從句中賓語提前)

What book he wants is not clear.他要什么書還不清楚。(主語從句中賓語提前)

否定詞位于句首時(shí)引起的倒裝

(1).never〃seldom〃hardly〃little〃few等引起的倒裝

否定詞never〃seldom〃rarely〃hardly〃barely〃scarcely〃little〃few等位于句首時(shí)所引起的倒裝句通常為部分倒裝形式〃如果謂語動(dòng)詞為be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)〃則為完全倒裝形式。如：

Never shall I forget the days when you were with us.我很少有時(shí)間去看電影。

(2).nowhere〃no longer〃no more等引起的倒裝

nowhere(無處)〃no longer(不再)〃no more(也不)等否定詞位于句首時(shí)所引起的倒裝句通常為部分倒裝形式〃如果謂語動(dòng)詞為be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)〃則為完全倒裝形式：

No longer was he in charge of this work.他不再負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)工作了。

(3).not until〃not a〃not in the least等引起的倒裝

not until(直到……才)〃not a(一個(gè)……也沒有)〃not in the least(一點(diǎn)兒也不)〃not for a minute/moment(一點(diǎn)兒也不)等位于句首時(shí)〃通常引起倒裝(not a之后的名詞作主語時(shí)除外)〃其形式通常為部分倒裝形式〃如果謂語動(dòng)詞為be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)〃則為完全倒裝形式。如：

Not until all the demands had been turned down did the workers decide to go on strike.一直到所有的要求遭到拒絕之后〃工人們才決定罷工。

Not once did he talk to me.他一次也沒有和我談過。

(4).under no circumstances〃by no means〃in no way等引起的倒裝

in/under no circumstances(無論如何不)〃by no means(決不)〃in no case(無論如何不)〃in no way(決不)〃on no account(決不可)〃on no condition(決不)等短語位于句首時(shí)所引起的倒裝句通常為部分倒裝形式〃如果謂語動(dòng)詞為be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)〃則為完全倒裝形式。如：

In no case must force be resorted to.決不準(zhǔn)許訴諸武力。

By no means is it true that all English people know their own language well.并非所有的英國(guó)人都通曉本國(guó)語。

關(guān)聯(lián)連詞位于句首時(shí)引起的倒裝

(1).not only...but also引起的倒裝

not only...but also位于句首所引起的倒裝句為部分倒裝形式〃如果謂語動(dòng)詞為be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式或一般過去時(shí)形式〃則為完全倒裝形式。如： Not only should we not be afraid of difficulties, but also we should try our best to overcome them.我們不僅應(yīng)該不怕困難〃而且應(yīng)該盡最大努力去克服它們。

(2).neither...nor引起的倒裝

neither...nor位于句首引起的倒裝句為部分倒裝形式〃如果謂語動(dòng)詞為be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)〃則為完全倒裝形式。如：

Neither Peter wanted the responsibility〃nor did his wife.彼得不想擔(dān)此責(zé)任〃他妻子也不想擔(dān)此責(zé)任。

(3).hardly...when/no sooner...than引起的倒裝

hardly/scarcely/barely...when或no

sooner...than位于句首所引起的倒裝句為部分倒裝形式〃如果謂語動(dòng)詞為be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)〃則為完全倒裝形式。如：

Hardly had he arrived when/No sooner had he arrived than he was asked to leave again.他剛到就又被請(qǐng)走了。

(4).so...that引起的倒裝

so...that位于句首所引起的倒裝句為部分倒裝形式〃如果謂語動(dòng)詞為be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)〃則為完全倒裝形式。如：

So angry was he(He so angry)that he couldn’t speak.他如此憤怒〃以致說不出話來。

(5).such...that引起的倒裝

such...that位于句首所引起的倒裝句為部分倒裝形式〃如果謂語動(dòng)詞為be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)〃則為完全倒裝形式。如：

Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸的威力如此之大〃以致所有的窗戶都被震破了。

only引起的倒裝

當(dāng)副詞only位于句首并修飾狀語或賓語時(shí)〃引起句子的倒裝〃其形式通常為部分倒裝〃如果謂語動(dòng)詞為be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)〃則為完全倒裝。如：

Only in this way can you solve this problem.只有用這種方法〃你才可以解決這個(gè)問題。

Only yesterday did I finish this the book.到昨天我才讀完那本書。

表語位于句首時(shí)所引起的倒裝

當(dāng)作表語的形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等位于句首時(shí)〃常常引起倒裝〃其形式為完全倒裝：

Aristotle says〃“Plato is dear to me〃but dearer still is truth.”

亞里斯多德說〃“吾愛柏拉圖〃但更愛真理?！?/p>

Present at the meeting were Professor Smith〃Professor Brown〃Sir Hugh and many other celebrities.到會(huì)的有史密斯教授、勃朗教授、休爵士以及許多其他知名人士。

狀語位于句首時(shí)所引起的倒裝

(1).當(dāng)位于句首的狀語是一些表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語或表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞(如away〃back〃down〃in〃off〃out〃up)時(shí)〃常常引起倒裝〃其形式為全部倒裝。如：

Away went the runners.賽跑手們刷地跑開了。

Down came the rain.雨嘩地落下來了。

(2).介詞短語作地點(diǎn)狀語〃放在句首〃后面跟的是不及物動(dòng)詞be,come,sit live,stand,lie,exist等時(shí)常常引起倒裝〃其形式為全部倒裝。如：

Next to the table is a chair.桌旁有把椅子。

At the South Pole lies Antarctica, the coldest and most desolate region on earth.南極洲位于南極〃它是地球上最寒冷和最荒涼的地區(qū)。

狀語從句中的倒裝

(1).讓步狀語從句中的倒裝

as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中的倒裝：

在as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中〃位于句首的可以是形容詞、名詞、副詞〃還可以是謂語動(dòng)詞的一部分〃從而形成從句的部分倒裝。如：

Tires as he was, he continued the work.雖然他累了〃但是仍然繼續(xù)工作。

(2).方式狀語從句中的倒裝

as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句一般為正常語序〃但是〃如果主語比謂語長(zhǎng)〃可將謂語動(dòng)詞置于主語之前〃形成完全倒裝。如：

He believed〃as did all his family〃that the king was the supreme lord.他和他全家人一樣〃都認(rèn)為國(guó)王是至高無上的君主。

(3).比較狀語從句的倒裝

than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句中的倒裝：

由than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句一般為正常語序。但是〃如果主語較長(zhǎng)〃可將謂語動(dòng)詞置于主語之前〃形成完全倒裝：

Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than does eastern Nebraska.內(nèi)布拉斯加西部地區(qū)的降雪通常比東部地區(qū)少。

the more...〃the more...結(jié)構(gòu)中的倒裝

在以the more...〃 the more...引導(dǎo)的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中〃采用部分倒裝;如果主句的主語較長(zhǎng)〃可將謂語動(dòng)詞置于主語之前〃形成完全倒裝。如：

The more books you read(賓語提前)〃the wider your knowledge is(表語提前).書讀得越多〃知識(shí)就越淵博。

編輯本段

用于其他一些特殊句型中

用于有直接引語的句型中

在直接引語之后〃“主語+ say/ ask之類的動(dòng)詞”可以用正語序〃也可以倒裝〃在書面語中常用全部倒裝。如：

--“What do you mean?” asked Henry.(or:…Henry asked.)

--“Perhaps he isn’t a bad sort of chap after all,” remarked Dave.--“I am aware of that,” replied the Englishman.--“Please go away,” said one child.“ And don't come back,” pleaded another.但是〃主語是代詞時(shí)不用倒裝。請(qǐng)比較：

--“What do you mean?” he asked.--“Who’s paying?” shouted the fat man at the corner.“You are,” I answered.用于表示祝愿/意愿的句型

這種祈求性虛擬語氣一般只用于幾種相當(dāng)固定的說法中。如：

--Long live the People’s Republic of China!

--Far be it from me to spoil the fun.“may + 主語 + 謂語”這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示一種愿望或詛咒。

--May you live a long and happy life!

--May the best man win!

--May he never set foot in this house again!

--May you break your neck!

用于 “so…that…”句型中

把so置于句首的情形下〃需要部分倒裝。如：

--So absurd did he look that everyone stared at him.--So suspicious did he become that…

--So vigorously did he protest that the authorities reconsidered his case.用于as之后〃表示狀態(tài)和相似

倒裝在文學(xué)體裁中有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在as之后〃例如：

--She traveled a great deal, as did most of her friends.--The present owner is a keen art collector, as were several of her ancestors.--She looks forward, as does her secretary, to the completion of the building.在條件和讓步分句中

a.用于條件句中

表達(dá)虛擬的if從句(非真實(shí)條件從句)中的if可以省略〃句子呈現(xiàn)倒裝。例如：

--Were I Tom I would refuse.(=If I were Tom…)

--Had I known what was going to happen, I would never have left her alone.(=If I had known …)

--Should you change your mind, no one would blame you.(= If you should change…)

b.用于以as, though引導(dǎo)的表達(dá)讓步的從句中

在這樣的分句中〃句子部分倒裝。如果是though作引導(dǎo)詞〃句子可以用倒裝也可以不用倒裝〃而如果是as為引導(dǎo)詞〃則一定要用倒裝。如：

--Eloquent though/as she was, she could not persuade them.(or: Though she was eloquent…)

--Child though Tom was then, he had to earn his living.(= Though Tom was a child then…)

--Change your mind as you will, you will gain no additional support.另外〃that也可以象as, though一樣用于倒裝方式表示讓步。如：

--Fool that he was, he managed to evade his pursuers.(= Even though he was a fool…)

--Poor that they were, they gave money to charity.(= Even though they were poor…)

用于感嘆句中

感嘆句通常采用正語序〃即主語在前〃謂語在后。但有時(shí)感嘆句采用的卻是疑問句的形式。尤其是在美國(guó)英語中〃感嘆句常常象普通疑問句。

--Isn’t it cold!真冷!

--Am I fed up!我膩煩死了!

--Did he look annoyed!他看來可氣惱了!

編輯本段

涉及副詞so的兩類?？嫉寡b

這類倒裝主要見于以下兩種情形：

1.當(dāng)副詞so后接形容詞或副詞位于句首時(shí)〃其后要用部分倒裝。如：

So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.天氣太冷〃我們只好呆在家里。

So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.光速很快〃我們幾乎沒法想象它的速度。

So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape.襲擊來得非常突然〃我們來不及逃跑。

2.當(dāng)要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情況也同樣適合于后者〃通常就要用“So+助動(dòng)詞+主語”這種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

You are young and so am I.你年輕〃我也年輕。

She likes music and so do I.她喜歡音樂〃我也喜歡。

If he can do it, so can I.要是他能做此事〃我也能。

第五篇：英語過去完成時(shí)用法小結(jié)

中招英語

過去完成時(shí)用法小結(jié)

一、過去完成時(shí)適用場(chǎng)合1.過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作。這個(gè)過去的時(shí)間常用by，before等介詞短語或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。

I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚飯前就把作業(yè)做完了。

The play had already started when we got to the theatre.我們到劇場(chǎng)時(shí)戲已經(jīng)開始了。By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients.到六月底他們已經(jīng)治療了一萬多病人。

2.過去完成時(shí)還可表示過去某一時(shí)刻之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過去某個(gè)時(shí)間或還要持續(xù)下去，常與for，since等詞連用。如：

He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year.他在部隊(duì)干了十年，去年退役了。

He told me that he had known her since he was a child.他告訴我他從小就認(rèn)識(shí)她。

He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study.他在去英國(guó)深造前，已學(xué)了八年英語。

3.在一段情景連貫的文字中，先發(fā)生的事放在后面敘述時(shí)，要用過去完成時(shí)。如：

Tom flew home, but his father had already died.湯姆乘飛機(jī)回家，他的父親卻已經(jīng)去世了。

4.過去完成時(shí)也用于hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。

He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him.他剛離開房間，他們就議論起他來。

We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.我們剛開始就被叫停。

It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune.他用這樣的語調(diào)跟我講話，這是第一次。

二、過去完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的比較

1.當(dāng)一個(gè)由before, after, as soon as 等連詞引導(dǎo)的從句所表示的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作緊接著發(fā)生時(shí)，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作均可用一般過去時(shí)來表示。

We had breakfast after we did morning exercises.做完早操后，我們吃早飯。

The train started to move just before he reached the platform.他到月臺(tái)時(shí)火車剛開走。They started ploughing as soon as they got to the fields.他們一到地里就開始耕地。

2.按時(shí)間順序敘述兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上接連發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，用一般過去時(shí)。

He entered the room, turned on the light and sat down at the table.他走進(jìn)屋子，打開燈，坐在桌子旁。

3.在表示某人過去未曾完成的“心愿”、“打算”、“計(jì)劃”、“想法”、“許諾”等時(shí)，hope, mean, plan, think, intend等謂語動(dòng)詞常用過去完成時(shí)。

I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn’t catch the train.我本來希望昨晚回來的，但沒搭上火車。

We had thought to return early but they wouldn’t let us go.我們本想早回來的，但他們不讓我們走。

4.在表示過去的句子中出現(xiàn)常與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用的詞，如：already，yet，since，for，ever，中招英語

never及次數(shù)名詞等時(shí)，常用過去完成時(shí)來表示。

When we got there the basketball match had already started.我們到那里時(shí)，籃球賽已經(jīng)開始了。

The old man said that he wanted to go where he had never been.老人說他想到他從未去過的地方去。

5.如果句中出現(xiàn)了表示具體的過去時(shí)間的狀語，句子的內(nèi)容為過去的實(shí)際情況或句子的內(nèi)容為歷史事實(shí)時(shí)，句中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)常用一般過去時(shí)。如：

The teacher said that it was Columbus who first discovered the American continent.老師說是哥倫布最早發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲大陸。

6.表述說話人始料未及的事情時(shí)，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞常用一般過去時(shí)。由于受漢語表述習(xí)慣的影響，常會(huì)用錯(cuò)時(shí)態(tài)。

Jack, you are also here!I didn’t see you.杰克，你也在這??！我沒有看見你。

隨講隨練

1.John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he _____ for the wedding.[2006年全國(guó)II卷]

A.will planB.has plannedC.would planD.had planned

2.I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I ______ to half a dozen other groups.[2006年湖南卷]

A.was givingB.am givingC.had givenD.have given

3.Father for London on business upon my arrival, so I didn’t see him.[2005年福建卷]

A.has leftB.leftC.was leavingD.had left

4.She ______ her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job.[2004年重慶卷]

A.would changeB.has changedC.changedD.was changing

5.He ______ to spend the important day with us last Sunday, but he was too busy then.A.hopedB.has hopedC.had hopedD.would hoped

6.When the old man ______ to walk back to his house, the sun ______ itself behind the mountain.[2005年湖北卷]

A.started;had already hidden

B.had started;had already hidden

C.had started;was hiding

D.was starting;hid

7.Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ______ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.[2004年江蘇卷]

A.beginB.beganC.have begunD.had begun

8.— Oh, is that you, Bob?

— Err...yes.Ah, you’re Mary.Sorry I _____ you.We haven’t seen each other for ten years, have we?

A.didn’t recognizeB.hadn’t recognized

C.haven’t recognizedD.don’t recognize

Key：1-8 DCDCCABA