第一篇：英語從句用法小結(jié)

英語從句用法小結(jié)

一、主語從句

★ 定義：主語從句時(shí)名詞性從句中的一種，指句中的主語是一個完整的句子。

★ 位置：它可以放在主句謂語動詞之前，但多數(shù)情況下由it作形式主語，而把主語從句放在主句之后。

★ 連詞：引導(dǎo)主語從句的連詞有that, whether, 連接代詞有who, what, which, 連接副詞有when, where, how, why等。

★ 例句：That she was able to come made us very happy.Whether she will come or not is still a question.What we need is more time.Who will go makes no difference.Which team will win the match is still unknown.When they will start is not known yet.Where she has gone is a mystery.How this happened is not clear.Why he did that wasn’t.★ 引導(dǎo)主語從句的that不作成分，但不能省略。★ 由it作形式主語，常用句型有：

It is +名詞/形容詞/過去分詞+主語從句

It is still a question whether she will come or not.It is strange that you should like him.It is still unknown which team will win the match.此外，還有以下常用結(jié)構(gòu)： It turned out that… 結(jié)果是… It has been found that…已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)… It has been proved that…已經(jīng)證明… It happened/occurred that…恰好… It is well-known that…據(jù)說…

It is said/reported that…據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道… It must be pointed out that…必須指出… It doesn’t matter whether…是否…都沒關(guān)系 It makes no difference whether…是否…毫無區(qū)別

二、表語從句

★ 定義：表語是一個完整的句子。，由引導(dǎo)，有時(shí)可省略that.★ 位置：從句位于系動詞之后。

★ 連詞：引導(dǎo)標(biāo)語從句的連詞有that，whether, as if, 代詞who, what, which, 副詞when, where, how, why等。

★ 例句：That fact is(that)she never liked him.It could be this part of the ice sheet is not necessarily sensitive to golbal warming.這可能是此處的冰層覆蓋對全球變暖不那么敏感。

The question is who can complete the difficult task.★ 注意：用because引導(dǎo)的標(biāo)語從句僅限于以下一個句型 This/That/It is because(that)…

I think it’s because you are doing too much.主語是reason是，表語從句不能用why或because引導(dǎo)，只能用that.One reason why Hamlet is such a sucessful play is that it appeals to many different people.表語從句不能用if引導(dǎo)，但可用as if引導(dǎo)。He looked as if he was going to cry.三、同位語從句

★ 定義：同位語是一個名詞，表示與前面名詞相同的人或物，如“my friend John”中，John 是friend的同位語，the Yangtze, the longest river of China”中，river 是Yangtze的同位語。同位語從句即表示同位語是一個完整的句子。

★ 位置：同位語從句跟在名詞后面，進(jìn)一步uom該名詞的具體內(nèi)容，或?qū)υ撁~作進(jìn)一步解釋。

★ 可接同位語從句的名詞一般是具有一定內(nèi)容含義的名詞：conclusion, evidence, fact, hope, idea, news, opinion, problem, promise, reason,truth等。

★ 連詞：that(不能用which)，連接副詞when, how, why, whether, 連接代詞what.★ 例句： His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.The news that our team has won the match is true.She asked the reason why there was a delay.The problem whether this material can be used in our factory has not been solved.He has no idea what a remarkable woman Mary is.四、同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別

★ 從意義上看，同位語從句是名詞性從句，是對一個名詞加以補(bǔ)充說明，而定語從句是形容詞性的，是對一個名詞加以修飾和限定。

★ 從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，同位語從句是由連接詞引導(dǎo)，連接詞雖在從句中那個不充當(dāng)任何成分，但不可省略。而定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞，并在句中充當(dāng)成分（主語或賓語），充當(dāng)賓語時(shí)?？墒÷浴?/p>

★ 例句：The news(that)he told me is really encouraging.定語從句

The news that our team has won the game is really encouraging.同位語從句

五、賓語從句

★ 定義：句中及物動詞或介詞的賓語是一個完整的句子。

★ 連詞：連接賓語從句的連詞有that, whether, if, 連接代詞有 who，whose, what, which 以及連接副詞有when, where, how, why?！?結(jié)構(gòu)：

主語+謂語+（連接詞）+賓語從句（用陳述句語序）

Do you know who(whom)they are waiting for? I wonder whether(if)daughters are valued as much as sons in the countryside.主語+謂語+it+賓補(bǔ)+that+賓語從句

用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)的及物動詞有consider, find, make, regard, see, take, think。We find it necessary that we practise speaking English every day.He always take it for granted that he can pass the exam without hard work.

第二篇：同位語從句用法小結(jié)

同位語從句用法小結(jié)

在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)同位語的名詞性從句稱為同位語從句。在使用同位語從句時(shí)，應(yīng)注意以下五個方面：

一、常見帶有同位語從句的抽象名詞

advice，announcement，argument，belief，claim（聲明、主張），conclusion，decision，evidence，explanation，fact，feeling，hope，idea，impression，information，knowledge，message，news，opinion，order，probability，promise，proposal，remark，reply，report，saying，statement（聲明、陳述），suggestion，thought，warning，wish，word

二、同位語從句連接詞的選用

在英語中，引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞通常有連詞（that，whether），連接代詞(what ,who等)連接副詞（how，when，where）。

They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.The question who should do the work requires consideration.I have no idea what he is doing now.。

We came to the decision that we must act at once.He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone.他提議會議延期。

There was little hope that he would survive.他幸存的希望很小。

He hasn't made the decision whether he will go there.It's a question how he did it.那是一個他如何做了此事的問題

注：在名詞doubt“懷疑”后的同位語從句用whether連接；在no doubt“不懷疑”之后的同位語從句用that連接。例如：

We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.There is no doubt that Tom will keep his promise.三、同位語從句在句中的位置

1.一般情況下同位語從句跟在某些名詞（如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等）的后面，用以說明該名詞所表達(dá)的具體內(nèi)容。例如：

The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.2.有時(shí)同位語從句可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后，而被別的詞語隔開，在語法上叫做分隔式同位語從句。例如：

The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again.據(jù)說他高考又落榜了。

Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15，2003.消息傳來，中國于2003年10月15日首次成功發(fā)射了載人飛船。

四、同位語從句的語氣

在suggestion，advice，request，order等意為“建議；命令；要求”的名詞后，同位語從句中的謂語動詞通常用“should +動詞原形”的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)，句中的should可以省略。例如：

Our teacher gave us some advice how we（should）use the computer.The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule（should）be adopted.The government gave the order that all these houses（should）be pulled down in three weeks.政府下令三個星期內(nèi)所有這些房子都要拆掉。

五、同位語從句與定語從句的用法區(qū)別

區(qū)別（1）that在同位語從句中沒有詞義，不充當(dāng)句子成分；而在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語等句子成分。

區(qū)別（2）同位語從句和先行詞是同等的關(guān)系；而定語從句是用來修飾先行詞，是從屬的關(guān)系。

區(qū)別（3）whether，what，how可以用來引導(dǎo)同位語從句；而它們不能用來引導(dǎo)定語從句。

第三篇：賓語從句用法小結(jié)

賓語從句用法小結(jié)

一、賓語從句由關(guān)聯(lián)詞引出。

我們根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞不同，可把賓語從句分為三類：

以從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。(陳述句)

I hear(that)you have passed the examination.以從屬連詞if 和whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(一般疑問句)

I don‘t know if you can come tomorrow.以連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(特殊疑問句)

Please tell me how you can get here.二、賓語從句三要素：一連詞, 二語序, 三時(shí)態(tài)。

1)從句為陳述句時(shí)用that連接(常省略), 從句語序不變;

主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)。

主句為過去時(shí)態(tài), 從句用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)

I think(that)she is a clever girl.We all know(that)they reached Shanghai yesterday.Do you know(that)there is going to be a football

match tonight?

I saw(that)they were swimming in the river.1There will be a meeting in five days.Jack didn’t know.Jack didn’t know that there would be a meeting in five days.2.These flowers are from Guangdong.He said.He said that these flowers were from Guangdong 3.Tony can come to the school.I think.I think that Tony can come to the school 4.They returned to Shanghai.I am afraid.I am afraid that they returned to Shanghai 2)從句為特殊疑問句時(shí)連接詞用特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)，從句改為陳述句語序;

主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)。

主句為過去時(shí)態(tài), 從句用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)

Do you know who she is? Please tell me how long I can keep this book.Nobody knows when he came back.He asked the policeman which is the way to the school.1What size shoes does Mary wear? She wanted to know.She wanted to know what size shoes Mary wore.2.When will the train leave? I want to know.I want to know when the train will leave 3.Who is the new girl in the class?

He asked her.He asked her who was the new girl in the class..4.What do the words mean? The boy asked the teacher.The boy asked the teacher what the words meant..從句為一般疑問句時(shí)，連接詞用whether 或 if，從句改為陳述句語序;主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)。主句為過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)

Can you tell me whether/if you can mend the bike?

I don't know whether/if they lived in Paris last year.I want to know whether/if she will lend you the money.I don't know whether/if he'll come the day after tomorrow.She wondered if/whether it rained last night 1.Is there a hotel near here?(Can you tell me).Can you tell me if/ whether there is a hotel near here? 2.Would they be back in three days?(She wants to know).She wants to know if / whether they would be back in three days 3.Do people like watching boat races.I wondered.I wondered if / whether people liked watching boat races.4.Does the goddess give him the magic medicine? She asked.She asked if/ whether the goddess gave him the magic medicine.幾個需要注意的問題：

賓語從句為客觀事實(shí)或真理時(shí), 從句只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。The teacher told me(that)the earth is bigger than the moon.2.If 和 whether的區(qū)別。

1）Whether 后能跟 or not, if 不行。

I’d like to know whether he will come or not.2）Whether 后能加 to do, if 不行。

He doesn’t know whether to work or play.3）在介詞后只能用whether不能用if.He is trying to find out whether the medicine works 4）whether 置于句首時(shí)，不能換用if。

Whether this is true or not , I can't say.Complete the sentences with if / whether.1.Uncle Wang came up to see __________ there was anything wrong with the machine.2.The shop keeper asked my father ________ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.3.I don’t know __________ to go or stay.4.________ that is true, what should we do? 5.________ they will ever become future Olympic champions only time will tell.3.人稱問題。一說二聽三不改。

從句中第一人稱改成說話的人，第二人稱改成聽話的人 We are going to pick apples for the farmers.The students said

The students said they were going to pick apples for the farmers.2.Will you go there with my parents?(He asked her)

He asked her if she would go there with his parents.3.Can I finish it by myself ?(The old man didn’t know)

The old man didn’t know if he could finish it by himself.3.Can I finish it by myself ?(The old man didn’t know)

The old man didn’t know if he could finish it by himself.連詞that不能省略的幾種情況

在下列that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，that 2.that從句中含有主從復(fù)合句。

I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it.則不能省略。3.主、從句之間有插入語時(shí)。如：

It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays.4.若出現(xiàn)兩個或兩上以上的由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，且由并列連詞連接時(shí)，只有第一個連詞that可以省略。如：

She said(that)she would come and that she would also bring her son.她說她要來，還要帶她的兒子來。

第四篇：高考英語同位語從句用法教案

高考英語同位語從句用法教案

在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)同位語的名詞性從句稱為同位語從句。同位語從句是名詞性從句(主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句)中的主要從句之一，也是高中英語學(xué)習(xí)中的重點(diǎn)語法知識點(diǎn)之一。在使用同位語從句時(shí)，應(yīng)注意以下五個方面：

一、同位語從句在句中的位置

1.一般情況下同位語從句跟在某些名詞(如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等)的后面，用以說明該名詞所表達(dá)的具體內(nèi)容。

例如：

The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.我們女排贏得冠軍的消息大大地鼓舞了我們所有人。

I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我從王先生那邊得知一個消息，他說他今天下午不能來看你了。

2.有時(shí)同位語從句可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后，而被別的詞語隔開，在語法上叫做分隔式同位語從句。

例如：

The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.她突然想起可能在她離開家時(shí)沒把門關(guān)上。

The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again.據(jù)說他高考(高考

新聞,高考說吧)又落榜了。

二、同位語從句前名詞的數(shù)

同位語從句前的名詞通常用單數(shù)形式，并且往往帶有限定詞(word除外)加以修飾。例如：

Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪兒聽說我不能來？

Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening.答應(yīng)我，你今天晚上要來參加我們的晚會。

Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15，2003.消息傳來，中國于2003年10月15日首次成功發(fā)射了載人飛船。

三、同位語從句連接詞的選用

在英語中，引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞通常有連詞(that，who，whether)，連接副詞(how，when，where)等。例如：

They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.對你生病這件事，他們都很焦慮。

The question who should do the work requires consideration.誰該做這項(xiàng)工作，這個問題需要考慮。

We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.我們還沒有決定到什么地方去度暑假。

注：在名詞doubt“懷疑”后的同位語從句用whether連接；在no doubt“不懷疑”之后的同位語從句用that連接。例如：

We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.我們懷疑他們是否能準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成任務(wù)。

There is no doubt that Zhang Wei will keep his promise.我們相信張衛(wèi)會守信的。同位語從句：that

有些名詞的后面可以接that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句：

We came to the decision that we must act at once.我們做出決定：我們必須立即行動。

He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone.他提議會議延期。

There was little hope that he would survive.他幸存的希望很小。

以下名詞常用于以上句型：

advice，announcement，argument，belief，claim，conclusion，decision，evidence，explanation，fact，feeling，hope，idea，impression，information，knowledge，message，news，opinion，order，probability，promise，proposal，remark，reply，report，saying，statement，suggestion，thought，treat，warning，wish，word 同位語從句：whether

whether可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句，而定語從句不能用whether作為引導(dǎo)詞。

He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there.他還沒有做出決定是否去那里。

I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job.他是否適合這件工作我有點(diǎn)懷疑。同位語從句：what

what可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句，而定語從句不能用what作為引導(dǎo)詞

I have no idea what he is doing now.我不知道他現(xiàn)在在干什么。同位語從句：how

how可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句，而定語從句不能用how作為引導(dǎo)詞

It’s a question how he did it.那是一個他如何做了此事的問題。同位語從句：who等

who，whom，which，when，where，why用來引導(dǎo)同位語從句

The question who should do the work requires consideration.誰該干這項(xiàng)工作，這個問題需要考慮。

She raised the question where we could get the fund.她提出這個問題：我們到哪兒去搞這筆資金。

四、同位語從句的語氣

在suggestion，advice，request，order等意為“建議；命令；要求”的名詞后，同位語從句中的謂語動詞通常用“should +動詞原形”的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)，句中的should可以省略。例如：

Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.老師給我們提出了一些如何使用電腦的建議。

The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule(should)be adopted.采納新規(guī)則的建議是主席提出來的。

The government gave the order that all these houses(should)be pulled down in three weeks.政府下令三個星期內(nèi)所有這些房子都要拆掉。

五、同位語從句與定語從句的用法區(qū)別

區(qū)別(1)

同位語從句和先行詞是同等的關(guān)系；而定語從句是用來修飾先行詞，是從屬的關(guān)系。

區(qū)別(2)

that在同位語從句中沒有詞義，不充當(dāng)句子成分；而在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語等句子成分。

區(qū)別(3)

whether，what，how可以用來引導(dǎo)同位語從句；而它們不能用來引導(dǎo)定語從句。

區(qū)別(4)

1.從詞義角度看問題

who，whom，which，when，where，why用來引導(dǎo)同位語從句是保持原來疑問詞的含義；它們用來引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，不具有疑問詞的含義。2.從搭配角度看問題

who，whom，which，when，where，why用來引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)對應(yīng)性很強(qiáng)，如：

先行詞是“人”，引導(dǎo)詞用“who”等，而它們引導(dǎo)同位語從句是先行詞通常是“question，idea，doubt等”。

六、典型例題

例1：I have no idea when he will be back.析：he will be back意義不完整，應(yīng)加“什么時(shí)候”的含義才能表達(dá)idea的全部內(nèi)容，因此應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

例2：I have no impression how he went home，perhaps by bike.析：he went home意義不完整，應(yīng)加“如何”的含義才能表達(dá)impression的全部內(nèi)容，因此應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

例3：Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.(NMET2001上海)

A.while B.that C.when D.as

析：答案為B.more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是Information的內(nèi)容，且Information不在從句中作成分，所以該句為同位語從句。應(yīng)將該句區(qū)別于：

It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is the information ____ has been put forward.A.what B.that C.when D.as

析：答案為B.that has been put forward為information的修飾性定語，且information在從句中作主語，所以該句為定語從句。

例4：She heard a terrible noise，____ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91)

A.it B.which C.this D.that

析：答案為B.分析語境含義、句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分可知，該句為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為a terrible noise，且它在從句中作主語。應(yīng)將該句區(qū)別于：

I can’t stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly.A.it B.which C.this D.that

析：答案為D.she is crying loudly是the terrible noise的內(nèi)容，且the terrible noise不在從句中作成分，所以該句為同位語從句。

第五篇：英語倒裝句用法小結(jié)

倒裝句

一般來說，倒裝分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝，有的倒裝是因?yàn)檎Z法需要而出現(xiàn)的，有的倒裝則是因?yàn)榻Y(jié)構(gòu)平衡的需要而出現(xiàn)的。

一、完全倒裝（主謂倒裝）是指把謂語全部提到主語的前面。例：In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.1.以here, there，now, then引導(dǎo)的句子，要完全倒裝。這種句子中的謂語動詞通常是不及物動詞。如：Here comes the train!/ There goes the bell!注意：若代詞作主語，只把該副詞提前主謂語序不變。Here he comes./ Here it is.2句首是擬聲詞或 out , in , up ,away , down 等副詞，句子要完全倒裝。（注意，這時(shí)句子的主語也必須是名詞。如果是人稱代詞，也不能使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。）如：Up went the rocket./Up it went.3.介詞短語作狀語在句首，句子要完全倒裝。注意，這時(shí)句子的謂語動詞通常是不及物動詞。如：In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.4.表語置于句首，且主語較長或結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜的句子要用全部倒裝。如：Gone are the days when we ha nothing to eat.5.so/ neither/ nor 表前面所說的情況也適合于后者，其倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“so/ neither/ nor+助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞”，這里的主語同前一個句子的主語指的是同一人或物。如：She has finished her homework, so has her brother.She hasn’t gone there, neither/ nor has he.二、部分倒裝（助動詞倒裝）是指把謂語的一部分（助動詞）提到主語的前面。例： Never in my life have I seen such a thing.1.用于疑問句中。如：How did you do that? Did you see the film yesterday?

2.if 從句中如有 were(had , should), if 省去后，要部分倒裝,把were，had，should提到主語前面

如： If you had come yesterday, you would have seen him.---Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him

3.as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，要部分倒裝（表語、狀語倒裝）。有以下幾種形式：(1)副詞置于句首

Much as I like it(=Although I like it very much), I will not buy it.(2)動詞置于句首

Wait as you may(= Although you may wait), he will not see you.(3).形容詞或名詞置于句首

Proud as the nobles are(=Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to see me.Child as he is(=Although he is a child), he can tell right from wrong.注意：如果名詞前有形容詞修飾時(shí)，as引導(dǎo)的倒裝句中要保留不定冠詞。如： A bad-tempered man as he is(=Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply.4.句首為否定詞或否定意義的詞語時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝

(not , not only , never , little , seldom , not until, hardly(scarcely), no sooner, not once, at no time,...)

Little do we know about him.No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep.Seldom does he come back on Sundays.Not until he came back did I know about it.5.only 在句首引導(dǎo)狀語，或not until 引導(dǎo)的狀語在句首，主句要部分倒裝。如： Only then did I realize the important of English./ Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents’ intentions.但若only 修飾的是句子的其它成分，則無須倒裝

Only socialism can save China.(only修飾句子的主語，仍用正常語序)

6.not only...but also...引導(dǎo)兩個并列句，前倒后不倒。如：

Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lesso--ns.7.在以often, well, many a time, now and again等方式或頻度副詞(短語)開頭的句子中，要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

Many a time has John given me good advice./ Often have we made that test.8.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。May you succeed!

9.so或so引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首,要部分倒裝。

So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.so?that結(jié)構(gòu)中的倒裝。有時(shí)要強(qiáng)調(diào)so 所修飾的形容詞或副詞，常將so連同它所修飾的形容詞或副詞一起提到句首。這時(shí)，主句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如： He

runs so fast that he is far ahead of others.---So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.He is so clever that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.（全部倒裝）

10.狀語位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或使句子平衡，或使上下文緊密銜接，句子要部分倒裝。