第一篇：when 用法小結(jié)
when 用法小結(jié)
不管是在口語(yǔ)中，還是在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，when是一個(gè)十分活躍的詞，該詞主要用作連詞和副詞，但是在意義方面其用法比較復(fù)雜。
一、作副詞
1.作疑問(wèn)副詞，用于構(gòu)成特殊疑問(wèn)句，意為“什么時(shí)候；何時(shí)”
When will they come back？他們什么時(shí)間回來(lái)？
When can you finish the work? 你什么時(shí)間能完成這項(xiàng)工作？
2.作連接副詞，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，或與不定式連用，意為“什么時(shí)候”
Can you tell me when the bank opens？你能告訴我銀行什么時(shí)候開(kāi)門(mén)嗎？
When she'll be back depends on the weather.她何時(shí)回來(lái)取決于天氣。
Have you decided when to go sightseeing？你們已經(jīng)決定什么時(shí)候去郊游了嗎？ 3.作關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
The main school holidays are from mid-December till early February，when the days are long and warm.Do you remember the time when the three of us went on a holiday in Guilin？
你還記得我們?nèi)齻€(gè)人在桂林度假的那段時(shí)光嗎？
二、作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。
1.表示時(shí)間，意為“當(dāng)??時(shí)；在??的時(shí)候”
When you see him, please say hello to him.見(jiàn)到他時(shí)，代我問(wèn)他好。
When I reached the station，the train had left.當(dāng)我到達(dá)火車站時(shí)，火車已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了。
2.表示條件，相當(dāng)于if
How can I get a job when I can't even read or write？如果我連讀和寫(xiě)都不會(huì)，我怎么能找到工作呢？
3.表示對(duì)比，相當(dāng)于whereas, while, since, 意為“既然；然而”
How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me？
既然他們不愿聽(tīng)我的，我又怎么能幫助他們弄明白呢？
4.when 從句中使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，意為“本來(lái)??卻??”
She paid when she could have entered free.本來(lái)可以免費(fèi)入場(chǎng)，而她卻付了款。
She stopped trying when she might have succeeded next time.她本來(lái)下次有可能獲得成功，但她卻不再嘗試了。
三、作并列連詞
表示前面的敘述所沒(méi)有提到過(guò)的信息，對(duì)所描述的事件予以引人注目的強(qiáng)調(diào)，意為“這時(shí)；突然”
大致有以下三種情況：
1.be doing sth.when
I was thinking of this when I heard my name called.我正想著這件事，突然聽(tīng)到有人叫我的名字。
2.be about to do sth.when
We were about to start when it began to rain.我們剛要出發(fā)就開(kāi)始下雨了。
3.sb.had hardly/scarcely/barely...when
We had hardly fallen asleep when the bell rang.我們剛剛?cè)胨?，鈴聲就響了起?lái)。
四、作代詞，意為“什么時(shí)候，何時(shí)”，常用在since，till，up to等之后。
Since when have you been interested in my feelings？你從什么時(shí)候起開(kāi)始關(guān)心起我的感受來(lái)了？
when 用法 一.when 用作副詞。
1.用作疑問(wèn)副詞，引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句。例如：
When are they going to visit the Great Wall? 他們打算什么時(shí)候去游覽長(zhǎng)城？
2.用作連接副詞，通常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句及起名詞作用的“ when ＋動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
When he comes is not known.他何時(shí)來(lái)還不知道。
The morning is when I am busiest.早上是我最忙的時(shí)候。
I have no idea when the game will begin.我不知道比賽何時(shí)開(kāi)始。
I don't know when the plane takes off.我不知道飛機(jī)何時(shí)起飛。
I don't know when to leave for London.我不知道該在何時(shí)動(dòng)身去倫敦。
3.用作關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)限定性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。例如：
Do you still remember the days when we stayed in America? 你還記得我們呆在美國(guó)的那些
The day will come soon when the Chinese astronauts will go to the moon.It happened ten years ago, when I was a child.事情發(fā)生在十年前，當(dāng)時(shí)我還是個(gè)小孩子。
二.when 用作連詞。
1.用作從屬連詞，意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：
They learned a lot from the peasants when they stayed in the village.It was snowing when he arrived at the station.他到達(dá)車站時(shí)，天正下著雪。
注意：如果 when 引導(dǎo)的從句中的主語(yǔ)和主句中的主語(yǔ)一致，且從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是“ be ＋分詞”或從句主語(yǔ)是 it，則 be 動(dòng)詞及其主語(yǔ)常可省略。例如：
When（he was）asked why he was late, he made no answer.當(dāng)被問(wèn)到他為什么遲到時(shí)，他避而不答。
I'll tell him about it when（it is）possible.在可能的時(shí)候，我會(huì)把那件事告訴他的。
2.用作從屬連詞，意為“一……就……”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：
We will stand up when the teacher comes into the classroom.老師一進(jìn)教室我們就起立。
Fire the rockets when I give the signal.我一發(fā)信號(hào)，你就點(diǎn)燃火箭。
3.用作從屬連詞，意為“還沒(méi) / 剛剛……就”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：
I had hardly opened the door when he came in.我剛一開(kāi)門(mén)，他就進(jìn)來(lái)了。
4.用作從屬連詞，意為“倘若，如果”，表示條件。例如：
He will be likely to recover when he is operated on.如果動(dòng)手術(shù)，他有可能康復(fù)。
Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine.如果機(jī)器發(fā)生故障，就把電
5.用作從屬連詞，意為“既然，盡管”，表示讓步。例如：
Why use metal when you can use plastic? 既然能用塑料，為什么用金屬呢？
They kept trying when they knew it was hopeless.盡管他們知道那件事沒(méi)有希望
6.用作并列連詞，意為“在那時(shí)，屆時(shí)”，表示時(shí)間。這時(shí)主句中可以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)或“ was/were about to do sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
Last night I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.昨天晚上我正要上床睡覺(jué)時(shí)，電話鈴響了。
I was cooking in the kitchen when someone knocked at the door.我正在廚房做飯，這時(shí)有人敲門(mén)。
He had just finished the book when supper was served.我剛剛讀完這本書(shū)，這時(shí)晚飯就端上來(lái)了。
7.用作并列連詞，意為“雖然、然而、可是”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。例如：
He usually walks to work when he might take a bus.雖然他可以坐公共汽車上班，但他卻常常步行上班。
I had only twenty dollars when I needed thirty to buy the dictionary.我需要 30 美元買(mǎi)那本字典，可是我只有 20 美元。
8.用作并列連詞，意為“而、卻”，表示對(duì)比。例如：
How can he say that everything is fine when it's obvious that it is not? 他怎能說(shuō)一切都好呢？情況顯然不是那樣。
三.when 用作代詞。
when 作為代詞常常位于介詞之后，意為“那時(shí)，什么時(shí)候”。例如：
We came back on Tuesday, since when we have been working in the repair shop.我們星期二回來(lái)，從那時(shí)起就一直在修配車間工作。
Since when have you been studying Japanese? 你是從何時(shí)起一直學(xué)習(xí)日語(yǔ)的？
另外，when 還可用作名詞，前面常常用定冠詞 the。the when 表示事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間，常常與 the where, the how 并列使用。例如：
He told the police the when and the how of the accident.他告訴警察事故發(fā)生的時(shí)間及發(fā)生的原委。
第二篇：it用法小結(jié)
小結(jié)(2008-12-08 15:57:31)
標(biāo)簽：教育
It用法小結(jié)
it在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中屬人稱代詞，意思是“它”，用來(lái)指人以外的一切生物和事物。它的用法不僅不簡(jiǎn)單，而且很復(fù)雜。
一、用于指人以外的一切生物、無(wú)生命的東西和事情。
一般指說(shuō)話者心目中已經(jīng)了解或所指的生物、無(wú)生命的東西或事情、沒(méi)有性別的區(qū)分；可以是可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞，在句子中既可做主語(yǔ)，也可以作賓語(yǔ)。
1．指動(dòng)物和植物。如：
—Oh，that's Lucy's hat．噢，那是露茜的帽子。
—It looks like a cat！它看上去像只貓！
Where's tea grown？It's grown in the southeast of China．
什么地方種植茶？中國(guó)東南部種植茶。
2．指代一些無(wú)生命的東西。如：
Is it your watch？這是你的手表嗎？
Look at the rain！It's heavy，isn't it？看這雨！雨很大，對(duì)嗎？
3．代替上文提到過(guò)的整個(gè)事情。如：
Well，you mustn't play on the road．It's dangerous．哦，你不能在公路上玩。這太危險(xiǎn)了！It was hard work，but they really enjoyed it．摘蘋(píng)果是艱苦活，可他們都樂(lè)意去干（它）。
二、用于指代人。
1．指代說(shuō)話者心目中不太清楚的那個(gè)人，常在打電話或敲門(mén)時(shí)用。如：
—Who was it？是誰(shuí)（打來(lái)的電話）？
—Was it Susan？（打電話的）是蘇珊?jiǎn)幔?/p>
—Yes，it was．是的，我是。（根據(jù)上下句，“it was”也可不譯出來(lái)。）
再如：—Who is knocking at the door？誰(shuí)在敲門(mén)？
—It's me．是我。
2．指說(shuō)話者心目中的那個(gè)人。如：
—Is it your sister，Kate？（那舊照片上的 baby）是你姐姐凱特吧？
—No！不是。
—Is it your brother？是你哥哥吧？
—No！不是。
—I know—it's you！我知道了，（那）是你。
3．指代性別不詳?shù)膵胗變夯蛟诓挥?jì)較性別時(shí)，也可用it來(lái)指人。如
The child smiled when it saw its mother．這小孩一見(jiàn)到母親就笑了。
I don't know who it is．我不知道他是誰(shuí)。
注意：看到這樣的句子（或聽(tīng)到這樣的話）時(shí)，要想一想，不要一看到it就把它譯成“它”。）
4．在回答用指示代詞表示人的特殊問(wèn)句時(shí)，常用it指人。如：
—Who's that？那人是誰(shuí)？
—Is it Kate？是凱特嗎？
—Yes，I think you're right．It's Kate．是的，我想你說(shuō)對(duì)了，是凱特。
三、用于指時(shí)間、距離和自然現(xiàn)象等。
1．表示時(shí)間。如：
—What time is it？幾點(diǎn)鐘？
—It's ten．十點(diǎn)鐘。
It's summer in Australia now．現(xiàn)在澳大利亞是夏天。
特別注意it用于表示時(shí)間時(shí)還常見(jiàn)于以下兩個(gè)句型中：
（1）It's time（for sb．）to do sth．／It's time for sth．譯為“是（某人）該干??的時(shí)間了”、“到??的時(shí)候了”。如：
It's time for supper／to have supper．是吃晚飯的時(shí)候了。
I think it's time for us to start the lesson now．我想現(xiàn)在是我們開(kāi)始上課的時(shí)候了。
（2）It is ／has been ＋時(shí)間段＋since ＋一般過(guò)去時(shí)。譯為“自從??以來(lái)已過(guò)了??（時(shí)間）”。此結(jié)構(gòu)可以與另一種句型進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。如：
It has been two weeks since we met last．＝ Two weeks has passed since we met last．自從我們上次相遇以來(lái)，兩個(gè)星期過(guò)去了。
It's three years since he came here．＝It has been three years since he came here．＝He has been here for three years．他到這里已經(jīng)三年了。
2．表示距離。如：
It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school．從我家到學(xué)校步行得花半小時(shí)時(shí)間?！猈here's the farm，Li Lei？Is it far？李雷，農(nóng)場(chǎng)在哪里？遠(yuǎn)嗎？
—No，it's quite near．不，（距）離這很近。
3．表示自然現(xiàn)象。如：
Sometimes it snows and the land is all white．有時(shí)下雪，大地一片白。
It is very quiet here at the moment．眼下這兒很安靜。
四、用作形式主語(yǔ)。
英語(yǔ)中常常見(jiàn)到某個(gè)句子以it開(kāi)頭，it與其后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)、名詞性從句等相呼應(yīng)，以表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意義。這是一種習(xí)慣表達(dá)法，這樣的句式可避免句子顯得頭重腳輕。
1．It＋is／was＋形容詞＋（for／of sb．）＋動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。對(duì)于這個(gè)句型中究竟用 for還是用of，一般遵循這樣的規(guī)則：如果形容詞僅僅是描述事物的形容詞，如：difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等用for；如果形容詞是描述不定式行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的，如：kind，good，nice，clever等則用of。如：
It is interesting to play with snow in winter．冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。
It's important for us to keep the water clean．保持水質(zhì)清潔對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是很重要的。It's very kind of you to say so．你這樣說(shuō)真是太好了。
注意：這一句式中的形容詞位置也可換用名詞；連系動(dòng)詞be也可換用其它連系動(dòng)詞，如feel等。如：
It's a good habit to get up early and go to bed early．早睡早起是好習(xí)慣。
It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship．乘宇宙飛船飛往月球一定很有趣。It feels strange to have a twin sister．有個(gè)孿生姐妹感覺(jué)很奇怪。
2．It ＋will be／is ／was ＋形容詞＋動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。如：
It's bad playing in the street．在街上玩是沒(méi)好處的。
Is it any good trying again？再試一次有用嗎？
3．It＋is／was＋形容詞＋從句。如：
It is certain that he will come．他一定會(huì)來(lái)。
It's true that he may fall behind the other students．他真的可能落后于其他同學(xué)。
It is strange that he should say so．他居然這么說(shuō)，真是奇怪。
4．It ＋is ／was ＋one's turn（duty，pleasure）＋to do sth．意為“該輪到某人做某事（做某事是某人的責(zé)任、愉悅的事）”。如：
It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow．明天輪到你值日了。
5．It takes（sb．）some time to do sth．意為“（某人）花??時(shí)間做某事”。如
It took me a week to finish reading the book．我花了一周時(shí)間看完這本書(shū)。
6．It ＋cost／costs ＋sb．＋some money ＋to do sth．譯為“某人花多少錢(qián)做某事”。如：It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch．我買(mǎi)這塊新手表花了260元。
7．It seems ／seemed ＋從句。譯為“看起來(lái)好像??”，此結(jié)構(gòu)可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“seem ＋動(dòng)詞不定式”形式。如：
It seems that he is ill．＝He seems to be ill．看起來(lái)他好像病了。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It
② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it
答案: ① D ② D
五、用作形式賓語(yǔ)。
當(dāng)句子的真正賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句時(shí)，為避免句子頭重腳輕，須將其放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后，改用先行詞it占據(jù)其原來(lái)的位置。it用作形式賓語(yǔ)的句型為：主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋it＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞不定式／動(dòng)名詞／從句。該句型中賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可由形容詞、名詞等充當(dāng)。如：
He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well．他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好一門(mén)外語(yǔ)是不容易的。We think it no good reading in bed．我們認(rèn)為躺在床上看書(shū)無(wú)益處。
I think it necessary that we have the meeting．我認(rèn)為開(kāi)這個(gè)會(huì)是必要的。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
Don't ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A.take as grantedB.take this for granted
C.take that for grantedD.take it for granted
答案: D
六.構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句。
如：
It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.今天早晨，就是在街上我看見(jiàn)李明。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
________was in 1979________I graduated from university.A.That;that B.It;that C.That;when D.It;when
答案: B
七.構(gòu)成特殊句式。如：
It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.【練習(xí)】
（1）There is a photo on the wall.____ the photo of Lei Feng.A.It B.Its C.It's D.He（高考，1980)
（2)Is＿necessary to tell his father everything?
A.it B.that C.what D.he(MET1987)
(3)Is＿possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A.now B.man C.that D.it
(4)I consider____ my duty to help you．
A.it B.this C.that D.its
(5).It was at four o'clock in the afternoon ____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan.A.while B.that C.when D.as
答案：(1)C(2)A(3)D(4)A(5)B
(6)．I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（2004全國(guó)I）
A.this B.that C.it D.one
(7).-Do you like ___ here?
-Oh，yes.The air，the weather，the way of life.Everything is so nice.（2004全國(guó)II）
A.this B.these C.that D.it
(8)．The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which
(9).I hate___ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them
(10).Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no money.A.it B.this C.that D.one
答案：C D B A A
八、it, one和that作替代詞的用法及區(qū)別
it, one和that雖然都可以用來(lái)替代前面所提到的一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞,以避免重復(fù),但在具體用法上卻有不同。簡(jiǎn)述如下:
1.it代替前面提到的同一事物,該事物既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ______?
A.did theyB.didn't theyC.did itD.didn't it
答案: D
2.one代替前面提到的同類事物中的一個(gè)。該事物只能是可數(shù)名詞,前面可以有冠詞,也可以被this、that或形容詞修飾,其后也可以有定語(yǔ)。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
-Why don't we have a little break?
-Didn't we just have________?
A.it B.that C.one D.this
答案: C
3.that代替前面提到的同類事物中特指的一個(gè)。該事物既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名
詞,要有后置定語(yǔ),但不可以有前置修飾語(yǔ)。
[原題再現(xiàn)]
Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A.someB.anyC.thatD.those
答案: C
高考“it”的用法英語(yǔ)題
歷屆高考英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇題精選
（一）“it”的用法
1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
A.thatB.while
C.in whichD.then(88)
2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A.thisB.that
C.itD.he(89)
3.I don
t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.thisB.that
C.itsD.it(91)
4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A.thisB.that
C.heD.it(91)
5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when , thatB.until , that
C.until , thatD.when , then(92)
6.I was disappointed with the film.I had expected ______ to be much better.A.thatB.this
C.oneD.it(93)
7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.A.whileB.which
C.thatD.since(94)
8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.ThereB.This
C.ThatD.It(95)
9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.untilB.that
C.thenD.so(97)
10.I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.A.itB.that
C.theseD.them(98)
11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.oneB.that
C.whatD.it(2000)
KEYS:1-5 ACDDB6-10 DCDBA11 B ’
第三篇：with用法小結(jié)
with用法小結(jié)
一、with表?yè)碛心澄?/p>
Mary married a man with a lot of money.馬莉嫁給了一個(gè)有著很多錢(qián)的男人。
I often dream of a big house with a nice garden.我經(jīng)常夢(mèng)想有一個(gè)帶花園的大房子。
二、with表用某種工具或手段
I cut the apple with a sharp knife.我用一把鋒利的刀削平果。
Tom drew the picture with a pencil.湯母用鉛筆畫(huà)畫(huà)。
三、with表人與人之間的協(xié)同關(guān)系
make friends with sb
talk with sb
quarrel with sb與……吵架
fight with sb與……打架
play with sb
work with sb years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him.自從我們一起工作以來(lái)，我和湯姆已經(jīng)是十年的朋友了，我們從沒(méi)有吵過(guò)架。
四、with 表原因或理由.這種語(yǔ)義的with多半與表示情緒的詞連用.John was in bed with high fever.約翰因發(fā)燒臥床。
He jumped up with joy.他因高興跳起來(lái)。
Father is often excited with wine.父親常因白酒變的興奮。
五、with 表“帶來(lái)”，或“帶有,具有”，”在…身上，在…身邊”之意（相當(dāng)于having, carrying）
The girl with golden hair looks beautiful.那個(gè)金頭發(fā)的女孩看起來(lái)漂亮。
The famous director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress.那個(gè)有名的導(dǎo)演將帶著男女主角來(lái)到會(huì)場(chǎng)。
Do you have money with you.身上帶著錢(qián)嗎？
Take the umbrella with you in case it rains.隨身帶傘，以防下雨。
注意：with ,about ,和in均可表示特征和屬性.With表示屬于人和物的顯著特點(diǎn);about表示附屬于人或物不可捉摸的的特點(diǎn);in表示附屬與人或物的內(nèi)部固有特點(diǎn).﹡His uncle is an old man with a red nose.它的叔叔是位紅鼻子老人。
﹡There is a certain charm about that man.那個(gè)人有某種魅力。
﹡There is something strange in him.他身上有點(diǎn)奇怪的地方。
六、with表想法，信念，態(tài)度與…一致
I agree with you on how to deal with it.關(guān)于此事如何處理，我同意你的看法。
七、with表示讓步,“雖有,盡管”
With all his money and fame, he is not happy.有著錢(qián)和名譽(yù)，他還是不快樂(lè)。
With good teachers and warmhearted classmates, the new comer feels lonely.雖有著好老師和熱心的同學(xué)，這個(gè)新來(lái)的還是感覺(jué)孤獨(dú)。
八、with表同時(shí)，或同一方向，“隨著”
The temperature of cold-blooded animals change with the temperature of the surroundings.冷血?jiǎng)游锏捏w溫隨著周圍的環(huán)境的改變而變化。
The big ship is sailing with the wind.這個(gè)大船正隨風(fēng)向航行。
And with the last words, she turned away.隨著最后一句話說(shuō)完，他轉(zhuǎn)身離開(kāi)了。
九．With后加上一個(gè)名詞（多為表情緒的詞），表示“。。。地”等情態(tài)意義，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)副詞。with care =carefully ﹡with difficulty=difficultly ﹡with warmth=warmly﹡with curiosity=curiously ﹡ with pride=proudly
十、with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)表行為方式或伴隨情況
1、with + n/pron + adj.He left the room with the door open.門(mén)開(kāi)著，他就離開(kāi)了屋子。Don’t talk with your mouse full.嘴里滿是東西時(shí)不要說(shuō)話。
2、with + n/pron + adv.With the radio on ,grandma slept deeply in the chair.收音機(jī)開(kāi)者，奶奶在椅子里沉沉的睡著。
With Tom away , I always feel lonely.湯母不在，我一直感覺(jué)孤獨(dú)。
3、with + n/pron + done
The fellow stood there with his hands crossed.這個(gè)家伙兩手交叉，站在那里。
The peasants have a good harvest with all the crops got in.莊稼都收割了，農(nóng)民們有了一個(gè)好收成。
4、with + n/pron + to do
With this book to help you , you can finish your work as soon as possible.有這本書(shū)來(lái)幫忙，你能盡快完成工作。
With so many problems to settle ,the new manager was too worried to eat anything.有著太多問(wèn)題要去處理，新經(jīng)理?yè)?dān)憂的吃不下任何東西。
5、with + n/pron + n
The old man looks down upon everyone ,with his son chairman of the company.因?yàn)樗麅鹤邮枪镜闹飨?，這個(gè)老頭瞧不起任何人。
He was taken to hospital with his legs a mass of bleeding flesh.他被抬到醫(yī)院，他的腿血肉模糊。
6、with + n/pron + 介詞短語(yǔ)
The man left the meeting with a book in his hand.這個(gè)男人手里拿著書(shū)離開(kāi)了會(huì)議。
The woman with a diamond necklace around the neck must be wealthy.那個(gè)脖子上帶項(xiàng)鏈的女人一定很有錢(qián)。
十、with其他用法主要出現(xiàn)在一些常用詞和習(xí)語(yǔ)中，記住其特定含義即可。如： It is a long time not to get in touch with Tom.很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有和湯母取得聯(lián)系了。
Down with imperialism.打倒帝國(guó)主義。
第四篇：with用法小結(jié)
with用法小結(jié)
一、with表?yè)碛心澄?/p>
1、Mary married a man with a lot of money.馬莉嫁給了一個(gè)有著很多錢(qián)的男人。
2、I often dream of a big house with a nice garden.我經(jīng)常夢(mèng)想有一個(gè)帶花園的大房子。
3、The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island.這個(gè)老人和一條小狗住在荒島上。
二、with表用某種工具或手段
1、We can walk with our legs and feet.我們用腿腳行走。
2、He writes with a pencil.他用鉛筆寫(xiě)。
3、I cut the apple with a sharp knife.我用一把鋒利的刀削平果。
4、Tom drew the picture with a pencil.湯母用鉛筆畫(huà)畫(huà)。
三、with表人與人之間的協(xié)同關(guān)系 make friends with sb
talk with sb quarrel with sb
fight with sb play with sb
work with sb
四、with 表原因或理由
1、John was in bed with high fever.約翰因發(fā)燒臥床。
2、He jumped up with joy.他因高興跳起來(lái)。
3、Father is often excited with wine.父親常因白酒變的興奮。
4、They were wild with joy.他們欣喜若狂。
五、with 表“帶來(lái)”，或“帶有,具有”，在…身上，在…身邊之意
1、The girl with golden hair looks beautiful.那個(gè)金頭發(fā)的女孩看起來(lái)漂亮。
2、The director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress.那個(gè)導(dǎo)演將帶著男女主角來(lái)到會(huì)場(chǎng)。
3、Do you have money with you.身上帶著錢(qián)嗎？
4、Take the umbrella with you in case it rains.隨身帶傘，以防下雨。
六、with表想法，信念，態(tài)度與…一致
1、I agree with you on how to deal with it.關(guān)于此事如何處理，我同意你的看法。
2、I believe with the headmaster that a good teacher should not only teach a student what to learn but also how to learn it.我相信校長(zhǎng)所說(shuō)，一個(gè)好老師不但教學(xué)生學(xué)什么，而且應(yīng)教學(xué)生怎么去學(xué)。
七、with表示讓步,“雖有,盡管”
With all his money and fame, he is not happy.有著錢(qián)和名譽(yù)，他還是不快樂(lè)。
八、with表同時(shí)，或同一方向，“隨著”
1、The temperature of cold-blooded animals change with the temperature of the surroundings.冷血?jiǎng)游锏捏w溫隨著周圍的環(huán)境的改變而變化。
2、The big ship is sailing with the wind.這個(gè)大船正隨風(fēng)向航行。
3、And with the last words , she turned away.隨著最后一句話說(shuō)完，他轉(zhuǎn)身離開(kāi)了。
九、“和……在一起”，表示伴隨。例如：
1、Can you go to a movie with me? 你能和我一起去看電影嗎？
2、He often goes to the library with Jenny.他常和詹妮一起去圖書(shū)館。
3、She lives with her son.她和兒子住在一起。
十、“關(guān)于，對(duì)于”，表示一種關(guān)系或適應(yīng)范圍。例如： What’s wrong with your watch? 你的手表怎么了？
十一、“在……方面”。例如：
Kate helps me with my English.凱特幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。
十二、“隨著，與……同時(shí)”。例如：
With these words, he left the room.說(shuō)完這些話，他離開(kāi)了房間。
十三、包括...在內(nèi)
1、I like tea with sugar.我喜歡加糖的茶水。
2、China is a country with a long history.中國(guó)是一個(gè)歷史悠久的國(guó)家。
十四、中考with詞組總結(jié)
1、agree with sb/to+V.同意某人的意見(jiàn)／某事
2、be angry with sb.生某人的氣
3、be busy with / doing sth.忙于做某事
4、be covered with被……覆蓋
5、be fed up with厭倦
6、be friends with對(duì) …… 友好，與 …… 交上朋友
7、be pleased with對(duì)……感到高興
8、be strick with +sb/in +sth對(duì)誰(shuí)／某事嚴(yán)格．
9、begin with從開(kāi)始
10、come up with趕上,提出
11、communicate with與……交流
12、compare with與……比較
13、deal with處理
14、do with處置, 處理
15、fall in love with[中考]相愛(ài)，愛(ài)上
16、fill with用……裝滿
17、get on well with與 ……相處融洽
18、help sb.with sth.幫助某人做某事
19、in line with與 …… 一致，按照
20、make friends with與……交朋友
21、meet with遭遇
22、play with以 …… 為消遣，玩弄
23、quarrel with(和某人)吵架
24、shake hands with與……握手
25、take up with和 …… 交往，忍受，采用
26、talk to / with sb與某人談話
27、with one's own eyes親眼(目睹)
28、with pleasure愉快地
29、with the help of /with one's help[中考]在……的幫助下
30、with the purpose of為了
31、work out ＝come up with做出，算出，制定出
32、chat to / with sb.和某人聊天
33、play with snow玩雪
34、with a smile面帶笑容
35、in step with與...一致/協(xié)調(diào)
36、come along＝come with sb.跟上來(lái)
37、be popular with sb.受某人歡迎
38、catch up with sb.趕上某人
39、fall in love with sb./sth.愛(ài)上什么
40、offer / provide sb.with sth.給某人提供
41、sb.spend sometime with sb.花了多少時(shí)間陪誰(shuí)
42、have a conversation with sb.與...談話；交談
43、with the development of industry隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展
44、play a joke with sb.和某人開(kāi)玩笑
45、be mad with joy欣喜若狂
46、meet with a storm遇到風(fēng)暴
47have nothing to do with與...無(wú)關(guān)
48、be patient with sb.對(duì)某人有耐心
49、supply sb.with sth.向某人供應(yīng)／提供
50、finish with完成，結(jié)束
第五篇：it用法小結(jié)
小結(jié)(2008-12-08 15:57:31)
標(biāo)簽：教育
It用法小結(jié)
it在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中屬人稱代詞，意思是“它”，用來(lái)指人以外的一切生物和事物。它的用法不僅不簡(jiǎn)單，而且很復(fù)雜。
一、用于指人以外的一切生物、無(wú)生命的東西和事情。
一般指說(shuō)話者心目中已經(jīng)了解或所指的生物、無(wú)生命的東西或事情、沒(méi)有性別的區(qū)分；可以是可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞，在句子中既可做主語(yǔ)，也可以作賓語(yǔ)。1．指動(dòng)物和植物。如：
—Oh，that's Lucy's hat．噢，那是露茜的帽子。
—It looks like a cat！它看上去像只貓！
Where's tea grown？It's grown in the southeast of China．
什么地方種植茶？中國(guó)東南部種植茶。2．指代一些無(wú)生命的東西。如： Is it your watch？這是你的手表嗎？
Look at the rain！It's heavy，isn't it？看這雨！雨很大，對(duì)嗎？ 3．代替上文提到過(guò)的整個(gè)事情。如：
Well，you mustn't play on the road．It's dangerous．哦，你不能在公路上玩。這太危險(xiǎn)了！It was hard work，but they really enjoyed it．摘蘋(píng)果是艱苦活，可他們都樂(lè)意去干（它）。
二、用于指代人。
1．指代說(shuō)話者心目中不太清楚的那個(gè)人，常在打電話或敲門(mén)時(shí)用。如：
—Who was it？是誰(shuí)（打來(lái)的電話）？ —Was it Susan？（打電話的）是蘇珊?jiǎn)幔?/p>
—Yes，it was．是的，我是。（根據(jù)上下句，“it was”也可不譯出來(lái)。）再如：—Who is knocking at the door？誰(shuí)在敲門(mén)？
—It's me．是我。
2．指說(shuō)話者心目中的那個(gè)人。如：
—Is it your sister，Kate？（那舊照片上的 baby）是你姐姐凱特吧？
—No！不是。
—Is it your brother？是你哥哥吧？
—No！不是。
—I know—it's you！我知道了，（那）是你。
3．指代性別不詳?shù)膵胗變夯蛟诓挥?jì)較性別時(shí)，也可用it來(lái)指人。如 The child smiled when it saw its mother．這小孩一見(jiàn)到母親就笑了。I don't know who it is．我不知道他是誰(shuí)。注意：看到這樣的句子（或聽(tīng)到這樣的話）時(shí)，要想一想，不要一看到it就把它譯成“它”。）4．在回答用指示代詞表示人的特殊問(wèn)句時(shí)，常用it指人。如：
—Who's that？那人是誰(shuí)？
—Is it Kate？是凱特嗎？
—Yes，I think you're right．It's Kate．是的，我想你說(shuō)對(duì)了，是凱特。
三、用于指時(shí)間、距離和自然現(xiàn)象等。1．表示時(shí)間。如：
—What time is it？幾點(diǎn)鐘？
—It's ten．十點(diǎn)鐘。
It's summer in Australia now．現(xiàn)在澳大利亞是夏天。特別注意it用于表示時(shí)間時(shí)還常見(jiàn)于以下兩個(gè)句型中：（1）It's time（for sb．）to do sth．／It's time for sth．譯為“是（某人）該干??的時(shí)間了”、“到??的時(shí)候了”。如：
It's time for supper／to have supper．是吃晚飯的時(shí)候了。
I think it's time for us to start the lesson now．我想現(xiàn)在是我們開(kāi)始上課的時(shí)候了。
（2）It is ／has been ＋時(shí)間段＋since ＋一般過(guò)去時(shí)。譯為“自從??以來(lái)已過(guò)了??（時(shí)間）”。此結(jié)構(gòu)可以與另一種句型進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。如：
It has been two weeks since we met last．＝ Two weeks has passed since we met last．自從我們上次相遇以來(lái)，兩個(gè)星期過(guò)去了。
It's three years since he came here．＝It has been three years since he came here．＝He has been here for three years．他到這里已經(jīng)三年了。2．表示距離。如：
It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school．從我家到學(xué)校步行得花半小時(shí)時(shí)間。
—Where's the farm，Li Lei？Is it far？李雷，農(nóng)場(chǎng)在哪里？遠(yuǎn)嗎？
—No，it's quite near．不，（距）離這很近。3．表示自然現(xiàn)象。如：
Sometimes it snows and the land is all white．有時(shí)下雪，大地一片白。It is very quiet here at the moment．眼下這兒很安靜。
四、用作形式主語(yǔ)。
英語(yǔ)中常常見(jiàn)到某個(gè)句子以it開(kāi)頭，it與其后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)、名詞性從句等相呼應(yīng)，以表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意義。這是一種習(xí)慣表達(dá)法，這樣的句式可避免句子顯得頭重腳輕。
1．It＋is／was＋形容詞＋（for／of sb．）＋動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。對(duì)于這個(gè)句型中究竟用 for還是用of，一般遵循這樣的規(guī)則：如果形容詞僅僅是描述事物的形容詞，如：difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等用for；如果形容詞是描述不定式行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的，如：kind，good，nice，clever等則用of。如：
It is interesting to play with snow in winter． 冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。
It's important for us to keep the water clean．保持水質(zhì)清潔對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是很重要的。It's very kind of you to say so．你這樣說(shuō)真是太好了。注意：這一句式中的形容詞位置也可換用名詞；連系動(dòng)詞be也可換用其它連系動(dòng)詞，如feel等。如：
It's a good habit to get up early and go to bed early．早睡早起是好習(xí)慣。
It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship．乘宇宙飛船飛往月球一定很有趣。It feels strange to have a twin sister．有個(gè)孿生姐妹感覺(jué)很奇怪。2．It ＋will be／is ／was ＋形容詞＋動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。如： It's bad playing in the street．在街上玩是沒(méi)好處的。Is it any good trying again？再試一次有用嗎？ 3．It＋is／was＋形容詞＋從句。如：
It is certain that he will come．他一定會(huì)來(lái)。It's true that he may fall behind the other students．他真的可能落后于其他同學(xué)。It is strange that he should say so．他居然這么說(shuō)，真是奇怪。
4．It ＋is ／was ＋one's turn（duty，pleasure）＋to do sth．意為“該輪到某人做某事（做某事是某人的責(zé)任、愉悅的事）”。如：
It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow．明天輪到你值日了。5．It takes（sb．）some time to do sth．意為“（某人）花??時(shí)間做某事”。如 It took me a week to finish reading the book．我花了一周時(shí)間看完這本書(shū)。
6．It ＋cost／costs ＋sb．＋some money ＋to do sth．譯為“某人花多少錢(qián)做某事”。如： It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch．我買(mǎi)這塊新手表花了260元。7．It seems ／seemed ＋從句。譯為“看起來(lái)好像??”，此結(jié)構(gòu)可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“seem ＋動(dòng)詞不定式”形式。如：
It seems that he is ill．＝He seems to be ill．看起來(lái)他好像病了。
[原題再現(xiàn)] ①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It ② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.this B.that C.there D.it 答案: ① D ② D
五、用作形式賓語(yǔ)。
當(dāng)句子的真正賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句時(shí)，為避免句子頭重腳輕，須將其放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后，改用先行詞it占據(jù)其原來(lái)的位置。it用作形式賓語(yǔ)的句型為：主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋it＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞不定式／動(dòng)名詞／從句。該句型中賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可由形容詞、名詞等充當(dāng)。如：
He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well．他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好一門(mén)外語(yǔ)是不容易的。We think it no good reading in bed．我們認(rèn)為躺在床上看書(shū)無(wú)益處。I think it necessary that we have the meeting．我認(rèn)為開(kāi)這個(gè)會(huì)是必要的。[原題再現(xiàn)] Don't ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A.take as granted
B.take this for granted C.take that for granted
D.take it for granted 答案: D
六.構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句。如：
It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.今天早晨，就是在街上我看見(jiàn)李明。[原題再現(xiàn)] ________was in 1979________I graduated from university.A.That;that B.It;that C.That;when D.It;when 答案: B 七.構(gòu)成特殊句式。如：
It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.【練習(xí)】
（1）There is a photo on the wall.____ the photo of Lei Feng.A.It B.Its C.It's D.He（高考，1980)（2)Is＿necessary to tell his father everything? A.it B.that C.what D.he(MET1987)(3)Is＿possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? A.now B.man C.that D.it(4)I consider____ my duty to help you． A.it B.this C.that D.its(5).It was at four o'clock in the afternoon ____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan.A.while B.that C.when D.as 答案：(1)C(2)A(3)D(4)A(5)B(6)．I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（2004全國(guó)I）A.this B.that C.it D.one(7).-Do you like ___ here?-Oh，yes.The air，the weather，the way of life.Everything is so nice.（2004全國(guó)II）A.this B.these C.that D.it(8)．The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which(9).I hate___ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them(10).Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no money.A.it B.this C.that D.one 答案：C D B A A
八、it, one和that作替代詞的用法及區(qū)別
it, one和that雖然都可以用來(lái)替代前面所提到的一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞,以避免重復(fù),但在具體用法上卻有不同。簡(jiǎn)述如下: 1.it代替前面提到的同一事物,該事物既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。[原題再現(xiàn)] The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ______? A.did they B.didn't they C.did it D.didn't it 答案: D 2.one代替前面提到的同類事物中的一個(gè)。該事物只能是可數(shù)名詞,前面可以有冠詞,也可以被this、that或形容詞修飾,其后也可以有定語(yǔ)。[原題再現(xiàn)]-Why don't we have a little break?-Didn't we just have________? A.it B.that C.one D.this 答案: C 3.that代替前面提到的同類事物中特指的一個(gè)。該事物既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞,要有后置定語(yǔ),但不可以有前置修飾語(yǔ)。[原題再現(xiàn)] Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A.some B.any C.that D.those 答案: C
高考“it”的用法英語(yǔ)題
歷屆高考英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇題精選
（一）“it”的用法
1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
A.that
B.while
C.in which
D.then
(88)2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A.this
B.that
C.it
D.he
(89)3.I dont think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.this
B.that
C.its
D.it
(91)4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time? A.this
B.that
C.he
D.it
(91)5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when , that B.until , that C.until , that D.when , then
(92)6.I was disappointed with the film.I had expected ______ to be much better.A.that
B.this
C.one
D.it
(93)7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.A.while
B.which
C.that
D.since
(94)8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There
B.This
C.That
D.It
(95)9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.until
B.that
C.then
D.so
(97)10.I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it
B.that
C.these D.them
(98)11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.one
B.that
C.what
D.it
(2000)KEYS: 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 B
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