第一篇：英語學(xué)習(xí)文言文課外閱讀

Said “Meng coated papers” [sic]

A gentleman's study will be a good question to ask.Asked and learning, complementary and walkers also, not to learn without a doubt, not to ask the general knowledge.Learn to learn and not to ask, not really good scholar also.Li Ming Yi, or not up on things, know the big men, and the fine or not, she will ask the Xi Yan?

[translation]

A knowledgeable person, he must like to ask others to ask questions.Ask and learn, is complementary to each other, do not learn to study can not find difficult, do not ask to consult can not make knowledge.Just like to learn but do not want to consult with others from time to time, it is not really love to learn.Even if the truth you know, maybe you can not be used in practice, even if you clear the main thing, maybe you don't know the nuances of, so in addition to ask others for advice, and from where to infer solve?

Reading training

Explain the words in the following sentences.No one learns to have no such thing as to be or not to be

Ask not to knowing the bear asked the non Xi Yan, it must add a little of the following sentence “while” and “good school and not frequently asked” in the “and” usage of the same is()

A.was the heart of the wine also put B.ran and the wax of the bait

C.not resentful mountains in D.translation: “ask and learn, and the walkers also.”

translation use your own words to summarize the central point of the argument.(no more than 10 words)

answer

(seventy-seven)(excerpt)“Teaching benefits teachers as well as students.notes.” [sic]

Although Jia Yao, Vladimir food do not know its purpose;have to, not learn not good.Is to learn and then know the problem, to teach and then know the difficulties.Lack of knowledge, and can also reflexive;know the difficulties, and then self.I also Teaching benefits teachers as well as students..[translation]

Even if have delicious food, do not eat do not know its taste;even with the best reason, not to learn do not know its benefits.Therefore, learn and then know their lack of teaching and then know that they can not understand.Know what they lack, and then to study hard.So, teaching and learning are mutually promoting.Reading training

To add the following sentence word(in)in the phonetic interpretation on the line.The food do not know its purpose.(II)Teaching benefits teachers as well as students.()

Although the road(4)to know the difficulties, and then can self()translate sentences.Learn to learn and know enough to teach and then know what to do.translation

I also Teaching benefits teachers as well as students.:

Translation of translation

“3” focuses on the relationship between Teaching benefits teachers as well as students.and explains the reason.(with the original text)in the first to “" as compared to the introduction of ”“, and then to teach and learn the two aspects to be explained, and finally concluded that the ”“ this conclusion.(seventy-eight)I learn ”historical records“ [sic]

Back to the year twenty-nine, the hair is white, flea die.Kong Zi cry bitterly, said: ”since I have to kiss Yi people.“ Lu AI Gong asked: ”what is the disciple who is good to learn?“ Kong Zi said: ”student Yan Hui, not angry not two too.Unfortunately, the short-lived death, today also died.“

[translation]

He is twenty-nine years old, all white hair, premature death.Kong Zi cried very sad, said: ”since I have his students(for example to Yan Hui)closer to me.“ Lu AI Gong asked(Kong Zi): ”(your)students who are the best to learn?“ Confucius replied: ”a named Yan Hui, the best way to learn, he never to temper to others, don't repeat the same mistakes.Unfortunately, young died, now not(like that Hui people to learn).“

Reading training

Pointed out in the following sentences tongjiazi.The hair is white, and the fleas die.explain the words in the following sentence.Kong Zi cry bitterly, Han Yi Pro

The student who is learning the two does not have translate the following sentences.”Don't shoot, not too.“

translation Hui liked learning embodied in what aspects?(answer in the original)

answer

(seventy-nine)the original school ”early Tan Bing cry“ [sic]

Bing original less lonely, a few years, over the sanctum.The master said: ”boy what cry?“ Original said: ”the lone person vulnerable to injury, poor sense of ease.Her book, who is also pro scholar.One may not lonely, two is the envy of the center to learn, so sad, cry ear.“ The sorrowful teacher said: ”for the book to the ear!“ Original saying: ”no money capital.“ Teacher said: ”the boy Gou Youzhi, my disciples are taught, do not seek capital also.“ Hence the book.One winter, chanting ”filial piety“ in ”the Analects of Confucius“.[translation] Bing yuan childhood mourning father, a few years old, pass from Keio, hear Shusheng langlangde couldn't help but cry, Keio teacher asked him said: ”why did the children cry?“ Bing yuan replied: ”orphans easily sad, poor sentimental.Those who study, those who are able to learn, must have some parents of children.I don't envy them alone, they can go to school and envy.Heart sad, so cry.The teacher said: “you want to read,” said the teacher!The original “Bing into the school, learning very hard.One winter, he knew the ”filial piety“ and ”the Analects of confucius.Reading training

Explain the words in the following sentences.The scholars who have the natural wax that bait

The phase I have to teach the disciples and Mr.translate sentences.The lone person is easy to hurt, the poor is easy to feel.translation

It is the wish not lonely, two is the envy of the school

translation

The boy Gou Youzhi, my disciples are taught, do not seek capital also.translation the teacher in the school is worthy of our admiration we should learn what to Bing original?

answer

(eighty)met the “three Dong” reading “Three Kingdoms” [sic]

In the word quarter straight, slow and studious nature.In Xingping, the disruption, with my brother in the general section for the season.Traders and mining aluminium negative, often holding the book, read the free vote in Xi, brother and brother laugh laugh without meeting change.......In case of good governance “Lao Zi”, for “Lao Zi” as the training note.And good “Zuo Zhuan” and more “tady difference”, people from scholars, meet not willing to teach, and cloud: “must”;read a hundred times!“ Said: ”read a hundred times, its meaning from the view.“

From the scholar cloud: ”bitter thirst for no day.“

In the words: ”when the“ three ”“

Or asked the ”three“ of italy.In the case of words ”winter of the year, the night of the rest of the day, when the rain is also.“

[translation]

Dong Yu, season straight.Is simple and honest, love learning from the lord.Xingping Xian, Li Que et al in rebellion, Dong Yuhe his brother dropped it at some friends for.Dong Yuhe his brother iriyama firewood, back sell a few money(maintenance of life), every time I go to Da Chai Dong met always took his books, there is free, I can take them out and read, his brother laughed at him, but he still read his book.Dong Yu of ”Laozi“ very research, for it made notes;of ”Zuo Zhuan“ has made a deep Kung Fu, according to research experience, written in the tady difference ”.Near reading people invited him to lecture, he refused to teach, but others said: “read a hundred times, its meaning from the view.” Ask the person said: “(you are right), just do not have the time.” Dong Yu said: “it should use 'three' time”.Someone asked “what is three”? Dong Yu said: “three is three free time.In winter, there is not much work.This is a year of free time;at night, the inconvenience of labor, which is a day of free time;rainy days, not to go out to work, but also a kind of idle time.”

Reading training

Explain the words in the following sentences.The wild Chapman II devoid of gratitude.Reading?Chou and Huang about the caogui see Trent? in the following sentence “and” the use of the word is different from the other three items()

A.and B.to learn the nature of NE brother laugh without meeting change

C.face mountain and in the D.is not dead, but I to catch the snake alone translate sentences.Thirst without day

translation

The winter of the year old, the night of the rest of the day, when the rain.translation how do you understand “people from the scholars, refused to teach, and in” cloud: “will first read a hundred times”.(eighty-one)“turtle” poetry total scrutiny [sic]

Jia Dao early to lift in the capital.One day in the ass on other cloud: “birds the tree, monk.” To “push”, refining the undecided, in an ass calls, lead hand scrutiny of potential, surprised the audience.When the Korean Tuizhi jingzhaoyin right, my side of the island, do not feel for the third day, still has not gesture.Russia for the left and right front.Out of the island line, “push” and “knock” word yet, Fugue like outside, I do not know to avoid.Retreat of the horse for a long time, that the island said: 'Knock' word better.“ And then the bridle and return, a total of poetry, and the island is due to linger for days, friends in days of simple life.[translation]

Jia Dao for the first time to participate in the imperial examination, to Beijing city.One day he was on a donkey thought of the poem: ”bird Jukuchi Nabeki, monk.“ And want to use ”push“ to replace ”knock“), repeatedly thinking has not set down, the donkey(Continued)chant, stretch out your hand to do a push and knock the posture.(pedestrian)it was a surprise to see Jia Dao.When Han Yu mention the chief executive of the Beijing correspondent.(he was traveling tour, Jia Dao unconsciously straight to(Han Yu honor guard)in the third quarter, still don't stop to do(push knock)gesture.So it would be(Han Yu)before about pushing the jingzhaoyin to.Jia Dao detailed answer to him in the brewing of the poem, with the word ”push“ or ”knock“ word has not been determined, thought to leave the immediate thing, do not know to avoid.Han Yu stopped and thought for a moment, Jia Dao said: ”with“ knock ”word.“ And the two side by side ride a horse to go home, talk together for poetry, are reluctant to leave, there are several days.(Han Yu)so it has forged a deep friendship with Jia Dao.Reading training

The use of some of the following sentences is different from that of the other three items.Immediately back for a long time the B.A.C.of Helou for a long time, like D.there for a long time.Ming 2 explain the words in the following sentences.One day on the donkey got a sentence on the cloud......Uncertain of the refining

The Ya Zhi island out of the audience and so on poem this essay is intended to praise the spirit of Jia Dao?

answer

(eighty-two)”training“ the constant vegetarian collection ” [sic]

Treatment of the road, have on the ground.So Shao Ziyun: “one day in the morning, one year old plan is the spring, the life of the plan is often.” The words are near, but the purpose is far!

The Saint Da Yu, and Xi Cunyin;Tao Kan Yin, and cherish every moment, and if they are not holy status?

[translation]

Nothing in life is more important than hard work.So Mr.Shao said: “the day of the plan is decided in the morning, a year of the plan is decided in the spring, the life of the plan is decided by the hard-working.” These words although simple, but the meaning is very profound which!

People such as Dayu, wisdom, ability outstanding, moreover, cherish every inch of time;such as Tao Kan, character so noble, moreover, cherish every minute of time, let alone in talent and virtue than they?

Reading training

The paper shows that the viewpoint of the sentence is and “Cunyin and cherish” in the “and” word meaning the same two(is)

A.old man, ninety years.B.and desire and can not be too often horses, security is also of seeking to Trinidad?

C.deposit and the hero, the dead is dead.D.and Monty have been dead, dead ears that give name.Ju Dayu, Tao Kan case, what is its purpose? answer

(eighty-three)when the book “Zhu Geliang” [sic]

The husband gentleman, static to self-cultivation, frugal and Germany to support non worldly desires not to intelligent, quiet Zhi yuan.The husband learns Sujing Ya, just need to learn also, not to learn to have wide ability, have no ambition to become a school.Her slow to Lijing, risk of governance can not be impatient.And when the chi, Italy and the day to go, and then into the litter, do not pick the world, observe the poor sad Lujiang, and what will be!

[translation]

Gentlemen of character, rely on static to self-cultivation, by thrifty to keep Germany, don't throw off the fame and fortune can't show their lofty aspirations, do not quiet cannot foresight.Learning must be quiet Yan, to learn, not learning cannot be extended to, no ambitions in learning have left achievements.Pleasure cannot excessive calendar spirit, temper can edify.Youth and time together gone, time and will disappear together, litter like fallen leaves and twigs, to society without any contribution in later life, keep the house breaking lament the past, how can also before it?

Reading training

Translate the following sentences in modern chinese.The static to self-cultivation

Kim Tak.The non worldly desires not to express

The quiet Zhi Yuan on which aspects are discussed? From several aspects and how to start the discussion?

answer what is the purpose of writing this letter?

answer the two words are often used as a “" aim high ”motto, please write this.answer

(eighty-four)Tao Kan Xi Gu “Jin Shu” [sic]

Taokan taste of travel, one holding a green rice, Kan asked: “what is this?” Who says: “the road to see, talk from the ear.” McCain bate said: “neither Ru Tian, and play the thief rice!” Of the whip.Is the people hard agricultural planting, all live in plenty.[translation]

Tao Kan once went to the countryside to tour, see a person holding a handful of immature rice, Tao Kan asked: “take these things do?” The man said, “I saw him walking on the road, just pulling a handful of them.”.“ Taokan bate says: ”since you don't even spoil the family farm, rice!“ Put that man up and whip a whip.Taokan and strict law enforcement and care for the crops, so people are diligent farming families, well-off life, everyone have ample food and clothing.Reading training

Explain the words in the following sentences.The man holding a whip and the holding of green rice add a little of the following sentence with the words ”you are not in the field“ in the ”field“ use the same is()

I don't A.to his service, then B.will be long disease enter the tunnel in order to attack it later.C.drinker D.nostalgic of the hometown translation: is the people hard agricultural planting.translation to the Tao Kan's attitude? The characteristics of what the result?

answer

(eighty-five)the fable ”Zengzi slaughters a pig“

Engzi wife, his son will cry.The mother said: ”the female(“ you ”), Gu, for women to kill swine(pig).“ Suitable anti engzi wife, wants to catch swine kill.Wife only said: ”especially with the baby play ear.“ Zeng Zi said: ”the baby is not with the play also.Infants are not aware of, to be parents and scholars, to listen to their parents to teach.This is the son of bullying, bullying is godson.The mother and the son, the son but don't believe his mother, not so into teaching also.“

One of the meanings of some words in the following sentences is not true(2 points).A.engzi wife City: B.Gu to anti female anti swine, kill:.The same ”back“"

C.'s wife to the city: D.special and baby play ear feature: Special please now bully, bully is also Godson ”this sentence translated into modern chinese.(2 points)

The ____________________________________________________________ try to summarize the meaning of the fable or give a brief talk about it to give you the inspiration.(2 points)

Answer: ____________________________________________________________

(eighty-six)Fan Zhongyan dinner

Fan Wenzheng Gong Shou bin(b plants n)state, free days rate of subordinates(subordinate officials)Castle buy wine, not cited the beginning, see mourning apparel hemp cloth of mourning(Cu plants di(weeds)number of people and was buried with camp.Public urgent(J, urgent to make inquiries, but contain lay people(hermit in reading people)died in bin, the funeral suburban, funeral gifts(f(n))convergence coffin burial goods all have not.The public gave a(frustrated look)(pass, i.e.penetration “removed”)banquet, have thick(zh only u to make relief), Bi.A person sitting off sigh cry.From the above mentioned in the most able to reflect Fan Zhongyan's first day of the world of worry and worry about the idea of the sentence.(2 points)

.“the Yueyang Tower” Fan Zhongyan should be banished to keep “far corners of the” Teng Zijing invited written, both to exhort there are also other encourage each other.According to the passage of the story, you are “in the rivers and lakes are far away from the king,” the meaning of this sentence, there is a new understanding?(3 points)

The answer to the question that gave a banquet given to the penetration thickness(2 points.As long as the answer to “gave a” can get out;no answer “gave a”, the other 3 to answer at least 2, 1 points).not only worry about people and Jun(2.Can be the meaning of.If you can use the knowledge of the use of knowledge, contact the previous sentence to be explained, can be added bonus points 1.If students answer no new understanding can get 1 points, if there is sufficient reason may be 2 points.)

(eighty-seven people)

The method is: Lu Lu chenqie princes, to redeem it, taking gold in house.The Zulu princes Zigong ransom and let the gold.Kong Zi said: “thanks to the loss of the!The husband can lift, sage refinement, and can be applied to teach people, not only suitable for oneself.This lack of Shandong wealth while the poor, the gold is lossless in line, do not take the gold, there will be no ransom.”

The person who worship the road lifesaving in cattle by Kong Zi Lu Hei said Lu people need such lifesaving.The government: refers to the state treasury.The student Zigong: Kong Zi.The given name: zigong.The road: Kong Zi students.In this paper, Zigong write what? What is Kong Zi's attitude towards his practice? What is the reason for Kong Zi to hold this attitude? Answer it in your own words.(4 points)

answer there is no punctuation mark in the first part of the article, please use the line to mark the position of the need to add the punctuation mark.(3 points)

The person who Lu lifesaving worship to cattle by Kong Zi Lu Lu will be fond of people who carry lifesaving.The answer in the states out of Zigong luguoren, but not Yilu law receive deserved ransom.(1)Kong Zi did not agree with this practice zigong.(1)according to Confucius Saint behavior can affect people, Zi Gong not ransom can not guide the less affluent people follow him to redeem slaves of the state of Lu.(2 points)people who worship the lifesaving road to cattle by Kong Zi Lu Hei said Lu people need such lifesaving.(3 points)

(eighty-eight)qiluwangyang

Yang Zi's neighbor sheep, both the rate of its party;and Yang Zi(vertical: vertical page)after the.Yang Zi said: “hey!Death of a sheep, what is the pursuit of the public?” The neighbor said: “many crossroads.” Both counter, ask: “by the sheep?” Said: “the death of the.” Xi said: “death?” Said: “crossroads in Qi Yan, I do not know of it, so also.”(for instance, “said Fu”)

Explain the following points of the word.(2 points)

(1)the neighbor of Yang Zi sheep

(2)and ask Yang Zi to pursue it.fill out the omission.(2 points)

Both counter,()asked: “by the sheep?”()said: “the death of the.” translation.(2 points)

A crossroads in Qi Yan, I do not know of it, so also.(2 points)

translation tell us what is the reason?(2 points)

Answer: the structural particle, the pronoun, sheep Yang Zi neighbor

There are also 3 crossings among the rest, I do not know(sheep)fled to which way up, so I came back.4.Things(logic)is complex and changeable, only a clear direction to find right way(not only to go astray).Or: things are not specific, it will be nothing.(eighty-nine)metaphor

Puyang Zheng Junzhong resolution, the left hand thumb is rash and Su Yan, uplift.Jun suspected, to show people, people laugh, thinking that the problem.Both three days, together and such as money.What about AIDS, and to show people, smiles again.And three days, thumb grip surplus, nearly all of the thumb and finger limb pain, one patient in all.Fear and seek the various doctors, medicine, Jing said: “the disease of the strange, although the disease refers to, in fact, a disease, not fast treatment and kills.However, when the day can be more originating,;three, more and more late;this disease, is not the March cannot convalesce.All day long and more, Viagra governance also;more late and more, cure;as is, what will be extended almost liver and diaphragm 4.Otherwise, we will also arm sorrow.Not to resist the inside, its potential more than;not to be treated outside, the disease is not easy to.” The king from his day, decoction, and Fu by taking good medicine, fruit to February and then March and look on it only occasionally.I think it is a matter of the world, often sent to the micro, and eventually for the big suffering;beginning to think that the problem is not treated, but as for the.When the easy also, cherish overnight, suddenly the regardless of;and not only into the product of years, consider fatigue, and only grams, so that many do.(Fang Xiaoru “bull”)[note] 1: four inches for a grip.The backbone(L): spine.The concept of an(CH? U): rehabilitation.The liver and diaphragm: refers to the organs of the human body.5: Tu fu.Add a little of the following sentences to explain the error of the two()(2 points)

A.fear and seek medical(Planning)B.will be extended to the liver and diaphragm(Man Yan)

C.disease is not easy to(transform)D.plot years, tired of thinking, and only grams of(elimination)add some words in the following sentences with the same meaning:(2 points)()()(two)

A.day decoction, and Fu Yishanyao Xu to the dipper oil drop action

B.speed of cure, and kills "Yugong, and ninety years

C.although the disease refers to, in fact, a body disease, although there are hundreds of people, the first hundred fingers

D.all day long,

第二篇：課外文言文

課外文言文

（一）徐孺子的故事

徐孺子年九歲，嘗月下戲，人語之曰：“若令月中無物，當(dāng)極明邪？”徐曰“不然。譬如人眼中有瞳子無此必不明?！保ā妒勒f新語?言語》）

1、對本文內(nèi)容理解正確的一項(xiàng)是（）

A、徐孺子九歲時在月下玩耍的時候，別人指責(zé)了他。B、有人告訴徐孺子，月亮里什么也沒有。

C、徐孺子告訴別人，人的眼睛里如果沒有瞳仁會更明亮。

D、徐孺子沒有直接回答提問者的問題，而是將月亮與人的眼睛比較，讓提問者更容易明白這個問題的道理，從而通過比較來回答了提問者的問題。

2、請用“∕”給文中畫線句斷句：（限兩處）譬如人眼中有瞳子無此必不明

（二）司馬光好學(xué)

司馬溫公幼時，患記問不若人，群居講習(xí)，眾兄弟既成誦，游息矣；獨(dú)下帷絕編，迨能倍誦乃止。用力多者收功遠(yuǎn)其所精誦乃終身不忘也。溫公嘗言：“書不可不成誦，或在馬上，或中夜不寢時，詠其文，思其義所得多矣?！?/p>

（節(jié)選自《三朝名臣言行錄》）

1． 本文中概括主旨的句子是：（）

A ． 用力多者收功遠(yuǎn)。B ． 其所精通乃終身不忘。C ．書不可不成誦。D ． 詠其文，思其義，所得多矣。2.請用兩個 “／” 給文中劃線句斷句 用力多者收功遠(yuǎn)其所精誦乃終身不忘也

（三）王冕僧寺夜讀

王冕者，諸暨人。七八歲時父命牧牛隴上竊入學(xué)舍聽諸生誦書；聽已，輒默記。暮歸，忘其牛，父怒撻之。已而復(fù)如初。母曰：“兒癡如此，曷不聽其所為？”冕因去，依僧寺以居。夜?jié)摮鲎鹣ド?，?zhí)策映長明燈讀之，瑯瑯達(dá)旦。佛像多土偶，獰惡可怖。冕小兒，恬若不知。（《宋學(xué)士文集》）

１． 從本文中可以看出，王冕后來之所以成為著名的畫家、詩人，其根本原因是：（）Ａ．王冕每天晚上讀書直到天亮。

Ｂ．王冕幼時讀書專心致志，好學(xué)不倦，并且達(dá)到入迷的程度。這種堅(jiān)定的志向，頑強(qiáng)的學(xué)習(xí)精神，是他后來成功的基石。

Ｃ．主要是王冕的父親打了他一頓，讓他明白了讀書的重要。

Ｄ．在猙獰兇惡的佛像前讀書時，王冕不敢不讀，因?yàn)檫@些佛像會懲罰他。２．請用三個／給 文中劃線句斷句： 七八歲時父命牧牛隴上竊入學(xué)舍聽諸生誦書

（四）太祖視察東閣

太祖視事東閣①，天熱甚，汗?jié)褚?，左右更衣以進(jìn)，皆經(jīng)浣濯②者。參軍③宋思顏曰：“主公躬行節(jié)儉，真可示法子孫。臣恐今日如此，而后或不然，愿始終如此。”太祖喜曰：“此言甚善。他人能言，或惟及于目前，而不能及于久遠(yuǎn)?；蚰芗坝谝讶?，而不能及于將然。今思顏見我能行于前而慮我不能行于后信能盡忠于我也?！蹦速n之幣。

（選自《典故紀(jì)聞》）

【注釋】①：視事東閣：在東閣處理政務(wù)。②浣濯：洗滌。③參軍：官名。１．對宋思顏諫言的目的，理解最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)是（）A．贊揚(yáng)太祖躬行節(jié)儉 B．表明對太祖的忠心 C．希望太祖始終節(jié)儉 D．暗示太祖給予獎賞

2.請用“ ／” 給文中劃線句斷句（限兩處）：

今思顏見我能行于前而慮我不能行于后信能盡忠于我也

（五）董遇“三余”讀書

董遇字季直，性質(zhì)訥而好學(xué)。興平中，關(guān)中擾亂，與兄季中依將軍段煨。采稆負(fù)販而常挾持經(jīng)書投閑習(xí)讀其兄笑之而遇不改。遇善治《老子》，為《老子》作訓(xùn)注。又善《左氏傳》，更為作《朱墨別異》，人有從學(xué)者，遇不肯教，而云：“必當(dāng)先讀書百遍！”言：“讀書百遍，其義自見?！?從學(xué)者云：“苦渴無日?！?遇言：“當(dāng)以?三余??！? 或問“三余”之意。遇言：“冬者歲之余，夜者日之余，陰雨者時之余也。”（《三國志》）

１． 對董遇的“必當(dāng)先讀書百遍”這句話理解最不正確的一項(xiàng)是（）A． 這句話是為了啟發(fā)別人自學(xué)的積極性而說的。

Ｂ．它的用意是要求人們在反復(fù)誦讀的過程中用心思考，以達(dá)到“其義自見”的目的。Ｃ．他很高傲，懶得理會那些向他求教的人。

Ｄ．這句話告訴了人們，他自己也是這樣讀書百遍才學(xué)有所成的。2．請用三個“／” 給下列句子斷句：

采稆負(fù)販而常挾持經(jīng)書投閑習(xí)讀其兄笑之而遇不改

第三篇：課外文言文

【甲】張姓者偶行溪谷，聞崖上有聲甚厲。尋途登覘，見巨蛇圍如碗，擺撲叢樹中，以尾擊柳，柳枝崩折。反側(cè)傾跌之狀，似有物捉制之，然審視殊無所見，大疑。漸近臨之，則一螳螂據(jù)頂上，以刺刀攫其首，顛不可去。久之，蛇竟死。視額上革肉，已破裂云

【乙】嘗見一蜘蛛布網(wǎng)壁間，離地約二三尺，一大蛇過其下，昂首欲吞蜘蛛，而勢稍不及；久之，蛇將行矣，蜘蛛忽懸絲而下，垂身半空，若將追蛇者；蛇怒，復(fù)昂首欲吞之，蜘蛛引絲疾上；久之，蛇又將行矣，蜘蛛復(fù)懸絲疾下，蛇復(fù)昂首待之，蜘蛛仍還守其網(wǎng)，如是者三四次；蛇意稍倦，以首俯地，蜘蛛乘其不備，奮身飆①下，踞蛇之首，抵死不動；蛇狂跳顛擲，以至于死。蜘蛛乃盬②其腦果腹而去。

【注釋】①飆：暴風(fēng)。這里指迅速。②盬（gū）：吸飲。

21．解釋下列句子中加點(diǎn)詞的意思。（5分）

⑴聞崖上有聲甚厲 ⑵漸近臨之 ⑶久之，蛇竟死

⑷嘗見一蜘蛛布網(wǎng)壁間 ⑸蜘蛛乃盬 ②其腦果腹而去

22．寫出下列句子中加點(diǎn)詞的不同意義。（4分）

⑴之 ①反側(cè)傾跌之狀 ②蛇復(fù)昂首待之

⑵以 ①以刺刀攫其首 ②以首俯地

23．用現(xiàn)代漢語寫出下列句子的意思。（6分）

⑴然審視殊無所見

⑵蜘蛛仍還守其網(wǎng)，如是者三四次

24．甲文中的螳螂和乙文中的蜘蛛是最后是怎樣殺死大蛇的？請你分別用文中原話回答。（4分）

25．讀了這兩則短文后，你從中悟出了什么道理？

答案

21． ⑴聽到 ⑵從上往下看 ⑶ 終于 ⑷ 曾經(jīng) ⑸離開

22．⑴之 ① 的 ②它，指蜘蛛 ⑵以 ① 用 ②把

23．⑴然而仔細(xì)看看，什么也沒有看到。

⑵蜘蛛仍然退回在它的網(wǎng)里，像這樣有三四次。

24．甲文：螳螂據(jù)頂上，以刺刀攫其首，顛不可去。

乙文：蜘蛛乘其不備，奮身飆①下，踞蛇之首，抵死不動。

25．只要以已之長攻敵之短，就能克敵制勝，弱者也可以戰(zhàn)勝強(qiáng)者。或：弱有所長，強(qiáng)有所短，弱者要相機(jī)而動，善于斗智，就能戰(zhàn)勝強(qiáng)敵。

第四篇：課外文言文專題

課外文言文專題閱讀

2010上海初三二模專題復(fù)習(xí)

杜剛

【奉賢】

（四）閱讀下文，完成第12—15題（12分）

商湯見伊尹

①②③昔者湯將往見伊尹，令彭氏之子御。彭氏之子半道而問曰：“君將何之？”湯曰：“將

④往見伊尹?！迸硎现釉唬骸耙烈煜轮v人也。若君欲見之，亦令召問焉，彼受賜矣!”

湯曰：“非汝所知也。今有藥于此，食之，則耳加聰，目加明，則吾必說而強(qiáng)食之。今夫伊

⑤尹之于我國也，譬之良醫(yī)善藥也，而子不欲我見伊尹，是子不欲吾善也!”因下彭氏之子，不使御。

【注釋】①湯：商朝建國君主。②伊尹：商朝初年的賢相。③御：駕車。④賤人：普通百姓。⑤下：使??下車。

12.解釋下列加點(diǎn)的詞。（4分）

（1）非汝所知也（）（2）譬之良醫(yī)善藥也（）．．

13．用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下面的句子，注意加點(diǎn)字的含義。（3分）

則吾必說而強(qiáng)食之。__________________ ．

14．從文中看，“子不欲我見伊尹”的原因是__________________（用自己的話回答）（2分）

15．從商湯去見伊尹的行動，可見他是一個_________________的國君。（3分）

【虹口】

（四）閱讀下文，完成12—15題（12分）

迂公修屋

有迂氏者，世稱迂公，性吝嗇。籬敗不修，瓦裂不葺。一日，夜半暴雨，屋漏如

①②注。妻子?xùn)|藏西匿，仍半身淋漓。妻且號且詬，詰曰：“吾適爾，因汝家富，不意

乃受此累。汝何以為父？何以為夫？”迂公無奈。旦日，延人治屋。然自后二月，天晴月朗，不見雨兆。迂公嘆曰：“適葺治，即不雨，豈不徒耗資財(cái)？”

【注】①詬，責(zé)罵。②適，指女子出嫁。

12．解釋下列句中加點(diǎn)詞（4分）

⑴籬敗不修修＿＿＿＿＿ ．

⑵妻且號且詬號＿＿＿＿＿ ．

13．用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下面的句子（2分）

旦日，延人治屋＿＿＿＿＿

14．文中直接表現(xiàn)迂公“性吝嗇”的言行有：（4分）

⑴＿＿＿＿＿⑵＿＿＿＿＿

15．“迂公修屋”故事的寓意是＿＿＿＿＿（2分）

【黃浦】

（四）閱讀下文，完成第12—15題（12分）

鄭板橋開倉濟(jì)民

鄭板橋曾任范縣令，案無留牘，愛民如子。遷①濰縣，值歲荒，人相食。板橋開倉賑濟(jì)，或阻之，板橋曰：“此何時，若輾轉(zhuǎn)申報(bào)，民豈得活乎?上有譴②，我任之?！奔窗l(fā)谷與民，活．

萬余人。去任之日，父老沿途送之。．

【注釋】①遷：指調(diào)動官職。②譴：責(zé)問、責(zé)備。

12．解釋下列句中加點(diǎn)詞（4分）

（1）我任之（）（2）去任之日（）．．

13．用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下面的句子（3分）

即發(fā)谷與民，活萬余人。

14．聯(lián)系上下文，“或阻之”的理由是（用自己的話回答）（2分）

15．文中的鄭板橋是一個的人。（3分）

【盧灣】

（四）閱讀下文，完成12—15題（12分）

①②劉羽沖,性孤僻，好講古制。偶得古兵書，伏讀經(jīng)年，自謂可將兵十萬。會有土寇，自練

鄉(xiāng)兵與之角。全隊(duì)潰覆，幾為所擒。又得古水利書，伏讀經(jīng)年，自謂可使千里成沃壤。州官

③使試于一村，溝洫甫成，水大至，順渠灌入，人幾為魚。由是抑郁不自得，恒獨(dú)步庭階，搖首自語曰：“古人豈欺我哉？”

[注] ①經(jīng)年：經(jīng)過若干年。②將：率領(lǐng)。③甫：剛剛，才。

12．解釋下列句中的加點(diǎn)詞。（4分）

（1）會有土寇（）（2）州官使試于一村（）．．

13．用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下面的句子。（2分）

古人豈欺我哉？

14．用自己的話概括劉羽沖的兩次失?。海?）（2）（4分）

15．下列各項(xiàng)與本文主旨最接近的是（2分）

A．紙上得來終覺淺，絕知此事要躬行。

B．向來枉費(fèi)推移力，此日中流自在行。

C．非學(xué)無以致疑，非問無以廣識。

D．敏而好學(xué)，不恥下問。

【閔行】

（四）閱讀下文，完成第12—15題（12分）

一國盡服紫

①②齊桓公好服紫，一國盡服紫。當(dāng)是時也，五素不得一紫。桓公患之，謂管仲曰：“寡．

人好服紫，紫貴甚，一國百姓好服紫不已，寡人奈何？”管仲曰：“君欲止之，何不試勿衣．

紫也，謂左右曰：‘君甚惡紫之臭。’于是左右適有衣紫而進(jìn)者，公必曰：‘少卻，吾惡紫臭?！惫唬骸爸Z。”

④于是日，郎中莫衣紫。其明日，國中莫衣紫。三日，境內(nèi)莫衣紫也。

注：①紫：紫色，這里指紫色的衣服。②素，沒有染色的絲織品。③臭：氣味。④郎中：官名，這里代指宮中。

12．解釋下列句中加點(diǎn)詞（4分）

（1）齊桓公好服紫（）（2）君欲止之（）．．

13．用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下面的句子（3分）

于是日，郎中莫衣紫。

14．文中與“紫貴甚”照應(yīng)的句子是“________”。（2分）

15．這個故事蘊(yùn)含的道理，正確的一項(xiàng)是（3分）

A.居高位者在生活上不能追求奢華。

B.做臣子的應(yīng)該敢于進(jìn)諫，并善于進(jìn)諫。

C.只有大家共同努力，才能改變不良現(xiàn)象。

D.上行下效，要改變不良現(xiàn)象必須從上做起。

③

【浦東】

（四）閱讀下文，完成第12—15題（12分）

鸚鵡噪虎

①女幾之山，鵲所巢，有虎出于樸簌，鵲集而噪之。鸚鵡聞之，亦集而噪。寒鴉見而問

之曰：“虎行地者也，其如子何哉，而噪之也？”鵲曰：“是嘯而生風(fēng)，吾畏其顛吾巢，故

②噪而去之?！眴栍邴W鵡，鸚鵡無以對。寒鴉笑曰：“鵲之巢木末也，畏風(fēng)故忌虎，爾穴居．

者也，何以噪為？”

注釋：①樸簌：小樹。②木末：樹梢

12．解釋下列句中加點(diǎn)詞（4分）

（1）虎行地者也（）（2）故噪而去之（）．．

13．用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下面的句子（3分）

問于鸚鵡，鸚鵡無以對。

14．鵲“集而噪之”的原因是。（用原文語句回答）（2分）

15．這是一則寓言，其寓意是。（3分）

【普陀】

（四）閱讀下文，完成第12-----15題（12分）

王安石待客

王安石在相位，子?jì)D之親①蕭氏子至京師，因謁公，公約之飯。翌日，蕭氏子盛服而往，意為公必盛饌②。日過午，覺饑甚而不敢去。又久之，方命坐，果蔬皆不具，其人已心怪之。．

酒三行，初供胡餅兩枚，次供豬臠③數(shù)四，頃即供飯，傍置菜羹而已。蕭氏子頗嬌縱，不復(fù)下箸，惟啖胡餅中間少許，留其四旁，公取自食之。其人愧甚而退。．

①子?jì)D之親：兒媳婦家的親戚。②饌（zhuàn）：準(zhǔn)備食物。③臠(luán)：切成小塊的肉。

12、解釋下列句中加點(diǎn)詞（4分）

（1）覺饑甚而不敢去()（2）公取自食之()．．

13、用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下面的句子，注意加點(diǎn)詞的含義（3分）

其人已心怪之 ．

14、“其人愧甚而退”的原因是。（用原文語句回答）（2分）

15、從這件小事可以看出王安石是一個、的人。（3分）

【青浦】

（四）閱讀下文，完成11—15題（14分）

詩畫皆以人重

①②予嘗謂詩文書畫皆以人重，蘇、黃遺墨流傳至今，一字兼金；章惇、京、卞豈不工書，③后人糞土視之，一錢不直。永叔有言，古之人率皆能書，獨(dú)其人之賢者傳遂遠(yuǎn)，使顏魯公．

書雖不工，后世見者必寶之，非獨(dú)書也。詩文之屬莫不皆然。．

選自《明清閑情小品賞析》

【注釋】①兼金：價(jià)值等于平常金子幾倍的好金子。②章惇(dūn)、京、卞：京指蔡京，卞指蔡卞，三人都是北宋朝廷大臣，擅長書法，都被《宋史》列入《奸臣傳》。③顏魯公，即顏真卿。工書法，自創(chuàng)一體，對后世影響很大，人稱“顏體”。

11．“永叔”，晚年號“六一居士”，就是指北宋的__________，我們學(xué)過他的經(jīng)典散文名篇_________。（2分）

12．解釋下列句子中加點(diǎn)的詞語。（4分）

（1）獨(dú)其人之賢者傳遂遠(yuǎn)（）．

（2）詩文之屬莫不皆然．（）

13．用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下面的句子，注意加點(diǎn)詞的含義。（3分）

章惇、京、卞豈不工書，后人糞土視之，一錢不直。．

14．畫線句屬于_________論據(jù)，其作用是_________。（3分）

15．下列對文章的理解與分析錯誤的一項(xiàng)是（2分）

A．作者認(rèn)為蘇軾、黃庭堅(jiān)的書法繪畫作品流傳下來不只是因?yàn)樗麄兗妓嚫摺?/p>

B．作者認(rèn)為章惇、蔡京、蔡卞等人也都是些精于書法的人。

C．作者認(rèn)為顏真卿的書法其實(shí)不好，后世喜歡的原因是顏真卿的品德好。

D．本文標(biāo)題表明了作者的觀點(diǎn)，就是本文的論點(diǎn)。

【松江】

（四）閱讀下文，完成12-15題（12分）

①②周敦頤，字茂叔，道州營道人。為分寧主簿。有獄久不決，敦頤至，一訊立辨。邑人

驚曰：“老吏不如也?！辈渴拐咚]之，調(diào)南安軍司理參軍。有囚法不當(dāng)死，王逵欲深治之。逵，③④酷悍吏也，眾莫敢爭，敦頤獨(dú)與之辯。不聽，乃委手版歸，將棄官去，曰：“如此尚可仕

乎!殺人以媚人，吾不為也?！卞游颍舻妹?。

【注釋】①分寧:地名。②主簿：官名。③委：拋棄，扔棄。④手版：即笏（hù）板，是古代大臣上朝時手中所拿的狹長板子，用以列出上奏的事項(xiàng)。

12.解釋下列句中加點(diǎn)的詞語。（4分）

⑴ 有獄久不決獄（）（2）囚得免得（）．．

13.用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下列句子。（2分）

有囚法不當(dāng)死，王逵欲深治之。

14.敦頤“將棄官去”的原因是。（用自己的語言表述）（3分）

15.聯(lián)系全文，對“王逵最終所明白的道理”理解最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)是。（3分）

A.周敦頤善于斷案，才智在自己之上。

B.周敦頤為人正直，剛正不阿，自己拗不過他。

C.做事不能一意孤行，要根據(jù)實(shí)情來斷案。

D.為人不能太殘酷兇悍，要善意待人。

【徐匯】

閱讀下文，完成12—14題（12分）

人有賣駿馬者，比三旦立市，人莫之知。往見伯樂，曰：“臣有駿馬，欲賣之，比三旦

①②立于市，人莫與言。愿子還而視之，去而顧之，臣請獻(xiàn)一朝之賈?！辈畼纺诉€而視之，去

而顧之，一旦而馬價(jià)十倍。

【注釋】①還：通“環(huán)”，環(huán)繞。②賈：通“價(jià)”，價(jià)錢。

12．為下列加點(diǎn)詞選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)慕忉岉?xiàng)。（6分）

（1）比三旦立市（）．

A．比較B．緊靠C．接連D．等到

（2）人莫之知（）．

A．知道B．了解C．知識D．通“智”，智慧

13．那人為了賣出自己的馬，懇請伯樂做出的舉動。（用自己的話回答）（3分）

14．這個故事本意用來諷刺這一類人。（3分）

【楊浦】

（四）閱讀下文，完成12-15題（12分）

陳章侯蔑視顯貴

1，好游于酒。人所致金錢隨手盡。尤喜為貧不得志人作畫，周其乏。陳章侯性誕僻○

2筆也。有一齷齪○3顯者，凡貧士藉其生，數(shù)十百家。若豪貴有勢力者索之，雖千金不為搦○

4，謾罵不絕。顯者誘之入舟，方將鑒定宋元人筆墨。舟既發(fā)，乃出絹強(qiáng)之畫。章侯頭裸體○．

不聽，遂欲自沉于水。顯者拂然，乃自先去。托他人代求之，終一筆不施。．

1誕僻： 怪僻○2搦（ｎｕò）握○3齷齪：骯臟，引申為品行卑劣○

4頭裸體：不戴帽子○

12（1）下列“之”的解釋與文中加點(diǎn)詞“誘之入舟”相同的一項(xiàng)是（4分）．

A.何陋之有？B.今或聞無罪，二世殺之

C．言之，貌若甚戚者D.屬予作文以記之

（2）下列“去”的解釋符合文中加點(diǎn)詞“乃自先去”意思的一項(xiàng)是．

A.除掉、去掉B.失去、損失C．距離D.離開

13．用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯下面的句子（3分）

顯者不聽，遂欲自沉于水。

（用文中的話回答）（2分）

15．短文贊揚(yáng)了陳章侯。（3分）

【閘北】

（四）閱讀下文，完成第12—15題（12分）傅顯喜讀書，頗知文義，亦稍知醫(yī)藥，性情迂緩，望之如偃蹇①老儒。一日，雅②步行市上，逢人輒問：“見魏三兄否?”或指所在，雅步以往。比相見，喘息良久。魏問相見何．

意。曰：“適在苦水井前，遇見三嫂在樹下作針黹③，倦而假寐④。小兒嬉戲井旁，相距三、五尺耳，似乎可慮。男女有別，不便呼三嫂使醒，故走覓兄。”魏大駭，奔往，則婦已俯井．

哭子矣。

【注釋】①偃蹇（yǎnjiǎn）：迂腐萎靡的樣子。②雅：美好不粗俗。③針黹（zhǐ）：針線活。④假寐：不脫衣服小睡。

12．解釋下列句中加點(diǎn)的詞語。（4分）

（1）比相見（）（2）故走覓兄（）．．

13．用現(xiàn)代漢語翻譯文中畫線的句子。（3分）

雅步行市上，逢人輒問：“見魏三兄否?”

14．下列各句不能表現(xiàn)傅顯性情迂緩的一句是（2分）．．

A．頗知文義，亦稍知醫(yī)藥。

B．望之如偃蹇老儒。

C．或指所在，雅步以往。

D．男女有別，不便呼三嫂使醒。

15．這個故事的寓意是（3分）

第五篇：課外文言文

（一）楚有祠者，賜其舍人卮酒。舍人相謂曰：“數(shù)人飲之不足，一人飲之有余。請

畫地為蛇，先成者飲酒?！?/p>

一人蛇先成，引酒且飲之，乃左手持卮，右手畫蛇曰：“我能為之足！”未成，一人之

蛇成，奪取卮曰：“蛇固無足，子安能為之足？”遂飲其酒。為蛇足者，終亡其酒。

①祠（cí）——周代貴族一年四季都要祭祀祖宗，每個季度祭祀都有專門的稱呼，春天

祭祀叫“祠”。②舍人——指待從賓客，左右親近的人。卮（zhī）—— 古代盛酒的器具。

③相謂——互相商量。④引酒——拿過酒杯。引，取過來。且——將要。⑤固——本來。

⑥子——對人的尊稱。安——怎能，哪能。⑦遂——就。

１、解釋加點(diǎn)的詞：

先成者飲酒： ．

奪其卮曰：．

遂飲其酒：．

２、翻譯句子：

乃左手持卮蛇固無足，子安能為之足___________________________________

3、寫出由這則寓言故事形成的成語：

（二）蚌（bàng）方出曝（pù），而鷸(yù)吸其肉，蚌合而鉗(qián)其喙(huì鳥的嘴)。鷸曰：

“今日不雨，明日不雨，即有死蚌?！卑鲆嘀^鷸曰：“今日不出，明日不出，即有死鷸 兩者

不肯相舍，漁者得而并擒之。

1、“舍”詞典上有多項(xiàng)意義，在文中的讀法和意義是（）。

Ａ、sha，房屋 Ｂ、sha，謙詞 Ｃ、shě，舍棄 Ｄ、shě，施舍

2、解釋下列加點(diǎn)字

①蚌亦謂鷸曰 ：．

②漁者得而并擒之： ．

③而鷸(yù)吸其肉 ：．

3、把下面這個句子解釋成現(xiàn)代白話文的句子，使通順易懂。

今日不雨，明日不雨，即有死蚌。

4、寫出由這則寓言故事的寓意：