第一篇:2014中考語文寫作技巧精解——擴(kuò)句法
2014中考語文寫作技巧精解:擴(kuò)句法
初中學(xué)生的作文,經(jīng)常面臨一個問題,即不知如何將文章寫得生動,充實而具體,往往通篇是大白話式的句子。這樣作文一方面顯得非常干癟,另一方面字?jǐn)?shù)上也不夠。為解決大家的這個問題,在這里介紹一種讓作文變得更加充實的方法,即“擴(kuò)句法”。同學(xué)們在平時練習(xí)寫作的過程中,可以有意識地進(jìn)行這方面的訓(xùn)練。
希望大家以后寫作文的時候能夠?qū)⑦@種技巧作為一種思維方式進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練,這是進(jìn)行文學(xué)寫作訓(xùn)練的比較好的思維方式。即在寫完一個句子的時候,可以問一問這個句子“怎么樣”,比如你寫了一個人,寫“他很傷心”。此時就可以展開思考,他是如何傷心的,傷心到什么程度,傷心的時候做了什么??將這些東西一想,再次寫出來的句子起碼能夠逃脫白開水式的文字,初步做到充實具體。在問過句子“怎么樣”之后,可采取如下兩種方式對句子進(jìn)行擴(kuò)充。
1在詞語前再加一個修飾詞。(尤其動詞及修飾詞前)
在詞語前(尤其是動詞以及修飾詞)再加上一個修飾詞,句子整個會變得厚重,如果學(xué)生能夠在添加修飾詞的過程中注意修飾詞的文采,那么整個句子就會具體而充滿文采了。
比如要寫一個句子“我努力學(xué)習(xí)”,很多同學(xué)會寫成“我非常努力學(xué)習(xí)”。此時就可以問問這個“努力”到底是怎么努力的?“也即給努力添加一個修飾詞??蓮膭幼鳎睦淼鹊确矫嫣砑?,這樣多想想之后,學(xué)生就可以寫出諸如”我抓緊每一分每一秒時間努力學(xué)習(xí)?!啊蔽覟榱四茏寢寢尭娱_心而更加努力學(xué)習(xí)了?!爸惖谋容^具體的句子。
2在某個斷句后添加解釋語
即在一句話說完之后,想一想,對于這句話,能不能用一個具體的句子來解釋一下這句話,這也是將句子寫長,寫生動的一個方法。
比如寫”老師性格沉靜“,此時就可以在”沉靜“后加上一個解釋性的句子來解釋一下老師到底是如何性格沉靜的,這種沉靜體現(xiàn)在什么行為上??這樣,一些同學(xué)可能就能寫出諸如”老師性格沉靜,除了上課之外,都不說什么話?!啊崩蠋熜愿癯领o,在他帶的三年當(dāng)中,從沒對一個學(xué)生兇過?!暗鹊缺容^具體的句子。
第二篇:中考語文作文寫作技巧
中考語文作文寫作技巧
1、充分發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢。擅長形象思維、會刻畫人物的同學(xué)可選擇記敘文,擅長抒情的同學(xué)可選擇散文。初中生一般不提倡寫議論文。
2、精寫前幾段,給評卷老師留下一個好印象。要精雕細(xì)刻,要出彩。比如,可開門見山,直奔主題;可制造懸念,引人入勝;可提出問題,引人注意;或巧用排比、比喻、擬人等修辭手法,或。巧述故事,引人入勝,或巧用題記,揭示主旨,或巧用詩文顯詩意。寫好結(jié)尾和過渡段。閱卷老師一般是S型的掃描全文。結(jié)尾可畫龍點(diǎn)睛,發(fā)人深思;或總結(jié)全文,照應(yīng)開頭;或虛筆拓展,擴(kuò)大容量;或精辟議論,深化主旨。
3、要給自己充足的構(gòu)思時間,不要急于動筆,’寧停三分,不爭一秒’,因為寫作是’開弓沒有回頭箭’的,寫到一半,突然發(fā)現(xiàn),呀,把題目理解錯了,或沒領(lǐng)會好命題的要求。最可怕的是文章寫到一半,又想另起爐灶。時間沒了,心情也壞了。干著急。建議打草稿,防止’三邊工程’(邊立項,邊設(shè)計,邊施工)。考場作文不宜見異思遷,邊寫邊改。要貫徹一種構(gòu)思。一旦構(gòu)思已定,就不要輕易改變。
4、要力避前松后緊、虎頭蛇尾。有些同學(xué)構(gòu)思、提綱擬好后,開頭反復(fù)推敲,精雕細(xì)琢,后來發(fā)現(xiàn)時間不夠,于是草草收兵。此外,要謹(jǐn)慎對待修改。修改一般只著眼于字詞方面的,可用米尺比好之后劃兩橫。結(jié)構(gòu)方面不能修改。要保持卷面的整潔美觀,要努力做到改動少而效果好。
5、如果偏題或者離題,作文的主要分?jǐn)?shù)就失去了。為防止跑題,可從如下幾點(diǎn)做出努力:一是將材料、引語和話題聯(lián)系起來思考,不可單看話題;二是看自己確立的觀點(diǎn)能否用話題所給材料來證明;三是想一想這則材料當(dāng)初發(fā)在媒體上登載是要達(dá)到一個什么效果的。萬一跑題了,要考慮逆挽,使文章形成一種欲揚(yáng)先抑的結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)。
6、一定要完篇。熟話說,好文章是鳳頭、豬肚、豹尾。沒有豹尾,老鼠尾巴也要有一個,絕不能寫半頭文。用半篇文章給你評分,怎么會得高分?
7、特別要注意不能缺題。不是萬不得已,不要以話題做標(biāo)題。擬題是顯示你才氣的一個好的平臺,不能輕易放棄。缺題影響遠(yuǎn)不止2分。正好給了評卷老師扣分的理由。
8、文章要有一至兩個亮點(diǎn)。學(xué)而思老師建議:如果是記敘文,應(yīng)該用抓人的情節(jié)和生動的描寫表現(xiàn)你的真情,記敘文不能沒有描寫。如果是議論文,就一定要有1--2個典型的論據(jù),就應(yīng)該有縱橫捭闔,很深刻的見解。如果是微型小說一定要有巧妙的構(gòu)思。這個亮點(diǎn)還可以是一句富有哲理的警句,也可以是一個精彩的比喻,也可以是一個超常的搭配(釅釅的歌喉)??傊?,要能使評卷老師精神為之一震。
9、行文中要多次扣題,要一路扣題一路歌。材料、引語和話題中的相關(guān)文字至少在文中出現(xiàn)三次以上。開頭三句話內(nèi)應(yīng)點(diǎn)題一次,結(jié)尾應(yīng)回扣標(biāo)題,’回眸一笑百媚生’。中間 1
至少扣題一次。幾次扣題事實上也是在不斷地提醒自己不要跑題。有球場上叫暫停的效果,可以調(diào)整思路和寫法。
10、思想要健康?!枷虢】怠皇钦f要你只說冠冕堂皇的話,不是要你刻意拔高,’健康’是針對’病態(tài)’、’庸俗’而言的,它的底線是不能欣賞違背法律法規(guī)和偏離社會道德的事。戀愛題材是考場作文的禁區(qū),無論考生寫得如何纏綿悱惻,真摯動人,因其行為是中學(xué)生日常行為規(guī)范所不允許的,這類作文自然得不了高分。
11、觀點(diǎn)不可太絕對,要留有余地?!x正’未必要’辭嚴(yán)’,’理直’未必就要’氣壯’。聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實生活時,涉及社會黑暗面時,要有分寸,不要一味指責(zé)。’質(zhì)問京山大冤案’。批評家長、老師和社會要與人為善,抱著協(xié)商與治病救人的態(tài)度,要提建設(shè)性意見。不可尖刻、諷刺、挖苦,甚至惡意地進(jìn)行人身攻擊。
12、臨場寫作時可以根據(jù)題意和你的表達(dá)需要想像一個或一類讀者就在你的面前。如以’溝通’為話題作文,寫與家長的溝通,可想像父母就在身邊;寫’溝通’之艱難和必要,就好像誤解過你的人正在聽你傾訴;寫國際間通過溝通走向合作,就設(shè)想自己參與了國與國的談判。即使所寫文章沒有明確的閱讀對象,你也可以想像此文是寫給你的語文老師的。你要知道,你的文章的惟一讀者是那位跟你的語文老師非常相似的人。寫記敘文,且最好將主人公設(shè)定為自己。想想閱卷老師的喜好,說他們想聽的話。盡可能贏得評卷老師的同情。
13、寫法上可以求新,要考慮,怎樣表現(xiàn)更智慧,更藝術(shù),更有可讀性;但更要求穩(wěn)。我的意見是大家一定要在一種比較穩(wěn)的情況下,確有把握時才可寫小小說或者是寫戲劇,或者是寫別的,確有把握之后才寫這種文體,如果沒有把握的話,就選擇比較穩(wěn)妥的老的文體,老的寫法。
14、不可按上年或前幾年的中考作文思路行文。求新、求變是人們所追求的,中考作文也不例外。但若按上年或前幾年的中考作文思路行文,甚至拿來套用,機(jī)械模仿,不懂靈活應(yīng)變,就會吃力不討好,這也是失分的點(diǎn)。因為閱卷者大都是相對固定的,對以前的中考作文非常熟悉。不主張寫詩歌、文言文。
15、苦于材料缺乏則可以突出自己的愛好。你如果喜歡體育,那你就像體育記者一樣,敘體育、議體育,只要切合題意就好。你如果喜歡聽××的歌、看××的書、愛好上網(wǎng)??你就可以將自己這一方面的經(jīng)歷和感受與命題聯(lián)系起來。那樣就不愁內(nèi)容貧乏、文思枯竭。不要瞎編亂造。靠編故事騙取老師的眼淚從而獲得高分的時代已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了。
16、要美化自己,而不是丑化自己。要顯現(xiàn)自己的高境界、大抱負(fù)、多知識、同情心,要顯現(xiàn)自己以天下為己任的豪情。不要出于反襯別人等考慮而故意丑化自己,如果讓評卷老師以為你真就是那樣,那就麻煩了,因為中考是選拔性考試。從某個角度講,評卷老師評卷的過程就是一個選擇淘汰對象的過程。
17、字?jǐn)?shù)以600-900字為宜。不能給人湊字?jǐn)?shù)的感覺,但也不能拖得太長,不允許加紙條。喜歡寫長文的同學(xué),開篇要注意不要放得太開,開口不要太大,能跳過去的就跳過去,要相信讀者的理解能力。要注意節(jié)省篇幅,要防止高潮來了沒地方寫了。切忌三段文。要突
出的句子(扣題的、表現(xiàn)主旨的、文眼、點(diǎn)睛之筆、抒情議論、議論文的分論點(diǎn)等)最好單獨(dú)成段。
18、看到題目后,可先搜索一下自己以往所寫的優(yōu)秀作文,看有沒有可以再利用的。須要注意的是一定要不牽強(qiáng)。
2012年中考語文作文寫作應(yīng)急九大秘訣
語文中考中常常會出現(xiàn)作文來不及做、作文中間卡住、作文無法結(jié)尾等情況,并為此而大大地降低了應(yīng)試作文的得分率。但如果掌握了一些應(yīng)急處理的小常識,不僅能挽回敗局幫你順利完成結(jié)束你的應(yīng)試作文,相對提高應(yīng)試作文的成績,如果運(yùn)用的好的話,甚至還可以出奇制勝,守得云開見日出,反敗為勝為你的作文增色,造就一篇高分作文!不過還是提醒同學(xué)們,不到萬不得已不要隨便用以下方法。
一、移花接木法。就是將原來看過的范文或?qū)戇^的習(xí)作,在文章的結(jié)構(gòu)上,或者有關(guān)的人物上,或者表達(dá)的主題上,或者列舉的論據(jù)上,諸如此類,稍加變通和更換,使之與考試的命題與要求相符合。這不但可以節(jié)省寫作時間,更可以提高作文質(zhì)量,不僅寫作時間不足時應(yīng)該運(yùn)用,而且寫作時間有余時同樣可以運(yùn)用。(一定要選擇一個平時寫得非常不錯的文章。)
二、直接代入法??荚嚂r,由于把過多的時間花費(fèi)在前半部分的基礎(chǔ)題中,而導(dǎo)致后半部分寫作題時間倉促,客觀上已不允許再進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的構(gòu)思。與其緊扣考試作文的命題及要求寫一半,還不如稍偏離命題及要求完成一篇。因為閱卷者很講究作文的完整性,所以在這種節(jié)骨眼上,不妨將平日自己印象較深而又在內(nèi)容與寫法上較為近似的文章改頭換面直接代進(jìn)去。(不要偏得太遠(yuǎn),代入的時候可以想辦法再套題。)
三、將錯就錯法。有時慌張與緊張之下,一不留神審題不慎,寫對一半才發(fā)現(xiàn)文章偏題或者離題,但若重新構(gòu)思則又沒有充裕的時間。在這種情況下,與其更弦改轍寫上半篇幾段,倒不如將錯就錯完成通篇全章。當(dāng)然要盡可能牽強(qiáng)附會、力挽殘局,在扣題點(diǎn)題、分析總結(jié)上下功夫,在議論抒情、結(jié)論收尾上下文章,這樣說不定會使文章宕開一筆、絕處逢生。
四、編擬提綱法。考試中,有時由于忙于攻基礎(chǔ)、做小作文,以致留給作文的時間所剩無幾,無論如何快速,也為時不夠,與其只寫一個開頭或者干脆空著,總還不如列個提綱來得劃算。當(dāng)然提綱盡可能詳細(xì)具體,至少能讓閱卷者看出文章的結(jié)構(gòu)、主題及大致的內(nèi)容,如有可能再補(bǔ)寫開頭與結(jié)尾,讓閱卷者略睹文采。
五、留空湊撲法??荚囎魑臅r,因為事先不曾列提綱,寫了一半寫不下去的情況也是較為多見的。多數(shù)同學(xué)們往往會冥思苦想、咬筆待續(xù),越想越覺得時間緊迫,越想越覺得銜接不上。這時不如留出一段空白,先將自己構(gòu)思高考慮過的內(nèi)容寫下去待思路暢通了,內(nèi)容回憶起來了,或者全文完成了再來進(jìn)行彌補(bǔ)拼湊,那也是為文的上策。
六、回扣標(biāo)題法。不管在何種情況下,作文中的扣題是極為重要的,更何況在考試作文無法煞尾的情況下,尤為需要。如有一年高考的標(biāo)題是《一次不尋常的考試》,在記述了某件事情之后,一旦想不出更好的結(jié)尾方式,就不妨以“對我來說,這是一次多么不尋常的考試啊”來作結(jié)。有了這樣一句扣題的結(jié)尾,作文分?jǐn)?shù)就有可能明顯上升。
七、照應(yīng)開頭法。這和上面的回扣標(biāo)題有異曲同工之處。但無論是記敘文還是議論文,都比較講究首尾的照應(yīng),如果在應(yīng)試作文一時尋找不出更好的結(jié)尾,就可以采用照應(yīng)開頭的方式來寫。
八、畫龍點(diǎn)睛法。在記敘文的寫作中,適當(dāng)?shù)淖h論往往能點(diǎn)明題旨、深化主題,而當(dāng)應(yīng)試作文最后來不及結(jié)尾時更要進(jìn)行相關(guān)的議論來總結(jié)點(diǎn)題。這既是迫不得已的辦法,也是為文應(yīng)急的措施。
如一篇題為《嘮嘮叨叨的姥姥》,文章主要通過對姥姥“嘮嘮叨叨”的性格刻畫,不僅真實地反映了三中全會以后,人民生活得到了改善的現(xiàn)實,更重要的是從姥姥那種念念不忘過去的嘮叨中啟發(fā)人們不能忘記過去的勤儉品德。文章最后就運(yùn)用畫龍點(diǎn)睛的方法作結(jié)的:“我明白了,我住校時缺少的,就是姥姥的嘮叨?!?/p>
九、抒情號召法。用抒情的手法、號召的形式來結(jié)尾,當(dāng)考試中來不及寫其它更完美的結(jié)尾時,我們就可以簡單地以抒情號召的方法來進(jìn)行。
如一篇題為《零用錢》的作文,它是這樣結(jié)尾的:“同學(xué)們,讓我們一起來發(fā)揚(yáng)勤儉節(jié)約的精神,為自己、為他人、為國家節(jié)省每一分錢,使我們的生活更甜、更美、更有意義吧!”不過,抒情號召之時,一是最好不要唱過分的高調(diào),二是要比論點(diǎn)更深刻些。
以上所述是考試時應(yīng)急處理作文的九種方法。不管怎么說,要在極端不利的情況下使作文仍能得到相應(yīng)的好分?jǐn)?shù),關(guān)鍵不在于要有良好的心理素質(zhì)和較強(qiáng)的思維能力,不要慌張,要冷靜!否則,上述方法也可能是用不上、用不好的。
中考作文開頭的漂亮寫法
作文是語文考試的重頭戲,幾乎一半的分值就表明了它的分量。它的成敗極大程度上影響著語文的成敗,而語文的成敗又牽動著全局。所以洞悉中考作文寫作技巧,提高寫作表達(dá)能力,成為眾多考生的迫切愿望。就中考作文的開頭,提幾點(diǎn)建議供大家參考。
技巧一:開門見山,迅速入題
例:當(dāng)小樹從黝黑濕潤的土地破殼而出的那一刻,它知道,是土地給予了它生命。于是,它便跨過重重艱難險阻,想要長成參天大樹,來報答他的土地母親。心存感激,我們就能像這棵小樹一樣,跨過生命中種種溝壑。(《心存感激》)
點(diǎn)評:文章開門見山,直奔主題,統(tǒng)攝全文,有提綱挈領(lǐng)之功效。
在考場上,好的開頭大多是言簡意明的。它的目的在于給人以清楚明白而又不同凡響的印象,激發(fā)閱卷人強(qiáng)烈的閱讀欲望。但是由于考場作文的寫作,受時間和篇幅的限制,所以一般以開門見山,落筆入題為好,讓人一讀開頭,便能感受到你的觀點(diǎn)、思想或者情感。切忌故弄玄虛、兜圈子,有意讓人捉摸不透,進(jìn)入“迷魂陣”,不愿將意思直截了當(dāng)?shù)貙懗鰜怼7路疬@就是文章新穎巧妙的所在,見水平、見功力的地方。其實這種故弄玄虛的作法,恰恰是寫作的弊病。就字?jǐn)?shù)來講,開頭結(jié)尾不宜過長,一般說來,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的考場作文紙,100字左右即足夠,三四行左右為宜。
技巧二:文采斐然,引人入勝
例:從山川,到大河,從古詩,到俗語。生活中無處不體現(xiàn)著語文的存在。思壯闊,則有金戈鐵馬,虎峰煙舉;想清新,則有小橋流水,江南紅杏;說凄婉,則有淚灑瀟湘,秦淮風(fēng)月;論哲思,則有廬山真面,柳暗花明??語文,輕輕地來到我的身邊,又輕輕地從我身邊走過。(《語文從我身邊輕輕走過》)
點(diǎn)評:巧用排比和對偶,讀起來朗朗上口,韻味十足。文采飛揚(yáng),而且從大處落筆,氣勢磅礴,直率剛健的語言風(fēng)格,顯示出了深厚的語言功底,讓人為之一震,激發(fā)了強(qiáng)烈的閱讀興趣。例中古典詩詞的恰當(dāng)引用,增強(qiáng)了文章的表現(xiàn)力。有關(guān)的古典詩句,信手拈來,揮灑自如,內(nèi)容充盈,語言有意蘊(yùn),彰顯了文化品位。
練就好的語言,猶如擁有一把鋒利的武器,讓自己的作文在考場上縱情馳騁、所向披靡。短短的閱卷時間,一般也就3分鐘左右,如何吸引評卷人的眼球?對于初中生的思維能力和表達(dá)能力來講,語言是最大的突破口。所以在語言上下功夫是寫作的重中之重。在平時應(yīng)該多積累好詞佳句,在潛移默化中提高語言表達(dá)能力。要讓作文扮靚,盡力給語言美美容。
技巧三:巧用修辭,增強(qiáng)文采
例:人生的樂趣莫過于微笑著面對一切,它緣自佛祖拈花微笑的智慧,于是,微笑便成了一種態(tài)度,一種領(lǐng)悟,一種修行。因為它,你可以自信而不傲慢,悲傷而不頹廢,年老而不僵化,青春而不輕狂??(《微笑著面對生活》)
點(diǎn)評:修辭是語言運(yùn)用中不可缺少的部分。巧妙而又貼切的修辭手法的運(yùn)用常能使語言增添許多風(fēng)采。在考場作文中,考生若能熟練運(yùn)用修辭手法扮靚語言,定能得到良好的效果。開頭如此不凡,自然會給閱卷老師一個良好的印象。
技巧四:巧妙發(fā)問,引人深思
例:微笑很美,它勝過世上任何其他表情。蒙娜麗莎的微笑寧靜神秘;奧黛麗。赫本的微笑清麗親切;茱麗葉。羅伯茨的微笑自信并
充滿活力??面對這些微笑,我不禁要問:她們的微笑為什么美?(《微笑著面對生活》)
點(diǎn)評:欣賞一支優(yōu)美的樂曲,曲雖終但余音繚繞,給人留下無窮的韻味。同樣一篇好的文章也應(yīng)該做到言有盡而意無窮,要有啟發(fā)性。并激發(fā)人的想象空間和閱讀欲望。
技巧五:首尾呼應(yīng),凸顯主旨
例:(首)時間流逝,光陰飛轉(zhuǎn)。十四歲的春秋,我已與父母走遍數(shù)載花開花落。從我生命的始初以同一速度不可挽回地向未來飛速沖刺。待偶爾停駐,才發(fā)現(xiàn):季節(jié)輪替的十四年里,我一直與父母同行。蒼老的,是歲月,是父母;而與之相反的,我長大了。
(尾)我想我們還會一直走更長的歲月,大概要有他們的一輩子那么長。我們會感嘆時光荏苒,歲月如梭。以后的幾十載,我與父母同行。蒼老的,是歲月,是人;而不變的,是愛。(《我與父母同行》)點(diǎn)評:首尾呼應(yīng)是考場作文中最實用的方法之一,一般情況是作者先在開頭提出文章的中心,然后在結(jié)尾時再次強(qiáng)調(diào),照應(yīng)開頭,從而使文章的中心鮮明突出。
以上幾點(diǎn)是我在平日的教學(xué)和學(xué)生的練筆中所感所得,并非“靈丹妙藥”,也不是什么“高分秘籍”,但是倘若能夠幫助中考學(xué)子做好重點(diǎn)突破,掌握開頭寫作的要領(lǐng),訓(xùn)練有方,相信文章的靚點(diǎn)會越來越多。也希望廣大學(xué)子能夠熟讀更多優(yōu)秀篇章,學(xué)習(xí)更多的寫作技巧,蓄滿自己的備考庫,讓寫作不再成為攔路虎。一定要銘記:方法總比困難多!
第三篇:中考寫作技巧
寫作之前的準(zhǔn)備
1.仔細(xì)審題寫作之前首先要把寫作的題目,題材,格式和情景條件,仔細(xì)地考慮一下,確實弄清題目或情景條件要求你寫什么,抓住要點(diǎn),注意文體格式,行文內(nèi)容等。
2.按規(guī)定寫作情景條件要用規(guī)定的字?jǐn)?shù)、體、格式進(jìn)行寫作,如信件有其固定的格式,轉(zhuǎn)換作文就要注意人稱、時態(tài)等方面的變化,總之要按要求進(jìn)行寫作。
3.準(zhǔn)備寫作在正式寫作之前,先用幾分鐘列個提綱,按正確的邏輯排列你的構(gòu)思,一定要扣題,然后考慮一下要選用的單詞、詞組和基本的句型。不能忽視這一準(zhǔn)備工作。實際上,在經(jīng)過精心構(gòu)思、選詞以及周密推敲后,方能進(jìn)入正式的寫作。
寫作之中的注意1.書寫要規(guī)范要以清晰的英語字體寫出作文,字跡不要太潦草。
2.用英語思維不論哪一類文章,最重要的是要用英語思維,避免從自己的母語翻譯過去。從母語進(jìn)行翻譯常常會造成錯誤百出、語言不通順現(xiàn)象。
3.用最有把握的語句寫作時,要用你自己最熟悉,最有把握的語句,文章要以敘述、說明清楚為主,不要在考試時有意過多地進(jìn)行贅述,盡量少用“大詞”或較復(fù)雜的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和句型。
4.巧用同義詞或句型遇到想不起來的詞或句型時,可盡量找同義詞或同義句型來代替,這樣可以節(jié)省時間。
5.注意細(xì)節(jié)處理使用語法要正確,拼寫要正確,可多使用一些較簡單的句式,句與句之間過渡要自然,適當(dāng)使用一些表示并列、遞進(jìn)、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折等連詞,這樣語言會顯得自然流暢。
寫作之后的檢查1.通查全文應(yīng)檢查的范圍有:是否扣題,格式是否正確,有無遺漏或誤解之處,情景條件是否均包括在內(nèi),盡量消除漢語式的英語,保持語言簡練、準(zhǔn)確、地道。
2.查錯誤查找各種可能出現(xiàn)的語法錯誤,常見的問題有:單詞拼寫,動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài),主謂一致,冠詞的用法,名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式,日期,地址的順序,專有名詞的大寫問題,代詞的使用問題以及標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號等。
以上的內(nèi)容簡而言之,有以下四點(diǎn):
1.仔細(xì)審題,明確要求。
對所提供的信息進(jìn)行加工、整理,使之具體化、條理化:
a.確定要點(diǎn);b.確定體裁和格式;c.確定人稱;d.確定主要時態(tài)。
2.確定要點(diǎn)的順序和段落的安排(寫提綱)。
3.進(jìn)行全文的寫作4.檢查和修改a.查要點(diǎn):是否齊全;b.查格式;c.查語法:人稱,時態(tài),單復(fù)數(shù),主謂一致;d.查書寫:大小寫,拼寫,是否規(guī)范,標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號;e.查字?jǐn)?shù)。
第四篇:2014中考英語作文題目預(yù)測及精解
書面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練
寫作是語言的輸出,重在考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力。該板塊在考前是可以重點(diǎn)突破的。寫作多以給材料作文的形式為主,用中文給出提示要點(diǎn),內(nèi)容多圍繞學(xué)生的校園及學(xué)習(xí)生活展開,話題如下:
學(xué)校生活: 側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)生活、師生關(guān)系、同學(xué)關(guān)系,友誼等話題;
家庭生活: 側(cè)重父母與子女關(guān)系、與子女的交往、家庭教育、家庭文化、代溝等話題;
社會生活: 側(cè)重人與環(huán)境,中學(xué)生融入社會等話題。
復(fù)習(xí)策略
1.認(rèn)真審題,弄清試題要求。寫作前一定要認(rèn)真閱讀要求并從總體上確定寫作內(nèi)容,切忌見題就寫。具體的說,審題要完成以下工作:
(1)
確定體裁。即明確是寫記敘文、說明文還是應(yīng)用文;若是應(yīng)用文還要弄清這種應(yīng)用文又該用什么格式,是否有其固定的套語等。
(2)
確定時態(tài)。即根據(jù)所給材料信息確定文章的基本時態(tài)。一般來說,一篇特定的短文,他通常有自己特定的基本時態(tài)。如:通知常用將來時,已經(jīng)發(fā)生的故事用過去時,日記通常用過去時態(tài)等等。
(3)
確定人稱。即根據(jù)所給材料內(nèi)容確定寫作所用人稱。
2.草擬提綱,確定要點(diǎn),合理組織材料。認(rèn)真審題之后,確定要點(diǎn)。不管內(nèi)容要求怎樣,都必須將要點(diǎn)概括全,不能遺漏要點(diǎn),更不要因表達(dá)障礙而放棄要點(diǎn)。其實英語是一種非常美妙的語言,每個句子都可以運(yùn)用多種語法形式來表達(dá)。另外如果考生有一定的語言基礎(chǔ)可以根據(jù)語境要求,適當(dāng)做一些合理的拓展,但不宜過多,要注意主次分明,不宜喧賓奪主。
3.確定句型,連詞成句再成文。根據(jù)所列要點(diǎn)和所擬關(guān)鍵詞及動詞的基本形式寫出簡單句,考生應(yīng)熟悉簡單句的五種句型。在具體表述時要盡量使用熟練的句型,千萬不要按漢語句子結(jié)構(gòu)來“生造英語句子”,要學(xué)會英語思維。對于不會表達(dá)的句子,要學(xué)會靈活處理,尤其是要注意一些同義表達(dá)的使用。另外,為了突出文章的亮點(diǎn),還要注意在基本保證不出大錯的前提下使用較為復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)或高級新穎的短語詞匯。適度的使用高級詞匯,能反映你豐富的知識儲存,更能顯示你較高的英語水平。有意識的將一些“低級詞匯”處理成“高級詞匯”,將一些“簡單結(jié)構(gòu)”處理成“較復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)”以突顯文章亮點(diǎn),增加得高分的機(jī)會。
4.合理安排,潤色加工。很明顯,如果把表示內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)的單句簡單的羅列起來組成一篇文章的話,這篇文章肯定很難得到高分。因此,還要進(jìn)行合理的安排,潤色加工。
(1)分段,根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容劃分幾個段落。
(2)適當(dāng)調(diào)整句型,或改換表達(dá)方式使句子多樣話,結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化。
(3)在不影響詞數(shù)的情況下,使用連接詞或過渡詞使句與句之間銜接緊密過渡自然。
還應(yīng)注意的是,在英語寫作中盡量避免短語的重復(fù)使用,這樣會使文章變得枯燥乏味,比如說在考試中多次使用“過的有趣,玩的高興”這一短語,為了避免
重復(fù),可以分別用“have fun” “have a good /nice/wonderful/great time”、“enjoy oneself”等交替使用,顯示考生豐富的詞匯儲備。
最后,也是最關(guān)鍵的一點(diǎn)。作文寫完之后還要通讀檢查,看看有沒有語法錯誤、慣用法錯誤、大小寫錯誤等。若有,則立即改正,若沒有則可謄抄正稿。作文題閱卷的實際經(jīng)驗告訴我們,考生書寫的好壞與此題得分的高低有很大的關(guān)系。這就是我們平常說的“第一印象”問題,所以考生在謄寫時一定要認(rèn)真仔細(xì),書寫規(guī)范,使閱卷老師賞心悅目,增加文章的可觀性。
2014中考英語作文題目預(yù)測及范文精解
(一)在你成長的過程中,學(xué)校生活給你留下了深刻印象。在你即將初中畢業(yè)之際,校園論壇發(fā)起“創(chuàng)建和諧校園”(Build a Harmonious Campus)的主題活動。假設(shè)你是馬琳,請根據(jù)提示寫一篇倡議書,號召大家為創(chuàng)建和諧校園,爭做文明學(xué)生而努力。(開頭已經(jīng)給出,不計入總詞數(shù))
要點(diǎn)提示:
1.愛護(hù)花草樹木,講究衛(wèi)生,美化校園環(huán)境。2.尊敬師長,友愛互助,誠實守信。
3.努力學(xué)習(xí),遵守校規(guī),積極參加各項活動。
Dear Friends,Our government calls for everyone to try his best to build a harmonious society.As a student, we also need to try our best to build a harmonious campus.First, we should protect the trees and flowers.We can’t pick up flowers and we can’t walk on the grass.We can’t also throw litter here and there.We should make our school beautiful.Second, we should be kind to our teachers and classmates , and we can’t be a dishonest man , we are supposed to be kind to everyone.Finally, as a student, we should study hard, we should obey the school rules , we are supposed to take an active part in activities , because it’s good for our health and it’s also good for our study.(二)
“安全你我他,幸福千萬家”,關(guān)愛生命,確保平安,讓我們的生活更加幸福安康。請以“Keep safe________(at home/at school/on the road)”為題寫一篇80個詞左右的英語短文。
要求:補(bǔ)全標(biāo)題;條理清晰,語言流暢;文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名、校名。
內(nèi)容包括:1.Is it important to keep safe? 2.Why do you think so?
3.How can you keep safe…? 3
Keep safe at school
It’s important for us to keep safe at school and it will make us study better and live more happily.In order to keep safe at school, we must pay attention to some things.First, be in order when we are going upstairs or downstairs.Second, make sure to be safe when we are doing sports.Try not to be hurt.Third, learn about some knowledge of safety.It’s helpful to us.If we follow the advice, we’ll make ourselves safe at school.(三)
為配合我市開展“創(chuàng)建文明城市(build a civilized city)”活動,學(xué)校舉辦以How to Behave Well?為主題的英語征文比賽?,F(xiàn)在請你根據(jù)所給提示內(nèi)容,用英語寫一篇80詞左右參賽短文。
提示:1.衣著整潔;2.保持環(huán)境衛(wèi)生;
3.待人有禮,樂于助人;4.遵守交通規(guī)則;5…….要求:1.文章必須包括所給提示中1~4項內(nèi)容,可展開思路,適當(dāng)發(fā)揮;
2.文中不能出現(xiàn)考生的真實姓名、校名等。
In order to build a civilized city, we students should try our best to behave well in the activities.It’s a good habit to keep our clothes clean and tidy.Our city should be kept clean every day.Don’t throw litter or spit about.It’s good manners to say “Thank you” and “Please”, and so on.We should never say dirty words.Be friendly to others and always ready to help the people in need.For example, 4
when we are on a bus, we should give our seats to the old and the women with babies.We should also obey traffic rules.When the traffic lights are red, we should stop.And we’d better not talk or laugh loudly in public.If everyone behaves well , our city will be more beautiful and more attractive.(四)
目前全球都是大力提倡“低碳生活”。節(jié)約資源,保護(hù)環(huán)境,從我們身邊的小事做起。
假設(shè)你是Li Ming,是一個注重“低碳生活”的中學(xué)生,請以 “My Low-carbon Life”為題,寫一篇80個詞左右的英語短文,簡單描述自己的“低碳生活”。10分。
要點(diǎn):(1)每天步行或者騎自行車上學(xué);(2)離開家或者教室時,關(guān)燈、電扇、電視等。
(3)不用水時,記得關(guān)水龍頭;循環(huán)使用水;(4)充分使用紙張;不用塑料袋。
參考詞匯:electric fan(電扇),tap(水龍頭),reuse(循環(huán)使用),make full use of(充分使用),plastic bag(塑料袋)
要求:(1)內(nèi)容包括所提供的信息及要點(diǎn),可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,但不要逐條翻譯;
(2)不得透露真實姓名、學(xué)校等信息。
My Low-carbon Life
My name is Li Ming.I am a middle school student.I go to school on foot or by bike every day.I always remember to turn off the lights ,the TV and the electric fans when I leave home or the classroom.When I am using water, I always remember to turn off the tap after I use it.I often reuse water, for example, when I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers.I never use plastic bags.I think saving paper is necessary,so I often make use of paper.It’s important for us to live a low-carbon life to protect the environment.(五)
2013年1月上旬,全國中東部地區(qū)17省市持續(xù)霧霾,陷入大范圍的重度和嚴(yán)重污染。造成這一現(xiàn)象的主要原因是工廠排出的廢氣和汽車尾氣等?,F(xiàn)請你根據(jù)以下三個方面的提示,以“Let’s Do Something to Save Our Environment”為題寫一篇80詞左右的英語短文。
1.重要性:只有一個地球;2.主要問題:污染、疾病、災(zāi)難
3.措施:停止污染、保護(hù)大自然
參考詞匯:disaster n.災(zāi)難 protect v.保護(hù)
Let’s Do Something to Save Our Environment
We all live in the earth.The earth is our home.We have only one earth.We must take care of it.It gives us the best environment.If we harm it, it will be angry.And then we will have a terrible end.There are three problems in our earth, they are pollution, disaster and illness.It’s our duty to protect our environment.So we must plant more trees, protect the flowers and the trees, save energy, reduce the pollution.We should ask our government to control the pollution from the factories.Protecting the nature is very important.It’s our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.If everyone makes a contribution to protect the environment, the earth will become much more beautiful.(六)
今年一月份,我國政府號召全民“拒絕浪費(fèi),文明用餐”,加入“光盤行動”。
請根據(jù)下面提示,聯(lián)系實際,適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,以“Save Food and Eat Healthily”為題,寫一篇80個詞左右的英語短文。
Save Food And Eat Healthily
Our government has called on the people to save food and eat healthily so that we can enjoy our happy life.We middle school students should do something for it.To save food, we shouldn’t waste any of our food.We should eat up all the food.We shouldn’t order the food more than we can eat while dining out, because many people in the world don’t have enough to eat.To eat healthily, we shouldn’t eat junk food but healthy food.It’s good for our health to eat a balanced diet.We’d better not eat in small restaurants.The food and the oil they use are not clean or healthy enough.We’d better eat at school or at home if we have time.(七)
隨著陽光體育運(yùn)動在全國的開展,“每天鍛煉一小時,健康工作五十年,幸
福生活一輩子”的理念已深入人心。為配合該活動,你班將舉行一次主題班會。請以“Sports and Health”為題寫一篇發(fā)言稿,介紹你自己的體育鍛煉情況及感受等。
要點(diǎn):1.自己的鍛煉情況。
2.最喜歡的體育活動及原因。
3.鍛煉的效果及感受。
4.倡議大家積極參與體育鍛煉。
Dear friends,I’m glad to be here to say something about sports and health.I love sports.My favorite sport is playing basketball.I like it because it’s exciting and good for my health.I usually play basketball with my best friends on the playground after school.I also enjoy playing ping-pong and swimming.I am stronger than before because I keep on taking exercise almost every day.“Keep doing exercise an hour a day, you can work healthily for fifty years and live a happy life all the time.” So I hope all of us can take an active part in sports , and also I wish everybody good health.That’s all.Thank you.(八)
一些良好的生活習(xí)慣會使我們擁有健康的體魄。請根據(jù)以下詞語提示,以“How to Develop Good Living Habits”為題寫一篇英語短文。要求:意思連貫,表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確,詞數(shù)80左右。
詞語提示:before meals;junk food;rubbish, spit(吐痰);exercise(鍛煉);cross the road;traffic lights
How to Develop Good Living Habits
Everyone has different living habits.Good habits can make us keep healthy.As teenagers, what should we do?
In my opinion, everyone should get up and go to sleep on time every day.Don’t play computer games or watch TV all night.That is bad for our health and affects our work.We should eat more vegetables and fruit, and eat less meat.I advise everybody to take more exercise.Don’t eat junk food.Don’t litter or spit around.Don’t play on the road.Remember to obey the traffic rules.Don’t cross the road when the traffic light is red.In a word, if we want to keep healthy and happy , we must develop good living habits.(九)
回顧初中三年的成長過程,你一定有很多感受。如果你要從學(xué)習(xí)、生活和興趣愛好等方面作出自我評價,你認(rèn)為自己在哪些方面比較突出?哪些方面需要改進(jìn)?把它寫出來。詞數(shù)80左右。
I have studied in my middle school for three years.I have learned a lot here.I learned not only how to make friends but also how to talk to others.I have many hobbies.I like sports.I often play ping-pong and volleyball with my friends.Volleyball is my favorite.Of all my subjects I like English most.But my history and science are very weak.I think I should try my best to learn them well.(十)
假如你是李明,你的美國網(wǎng)友Mike今年初中畢業(yè),他來信詢問你將如何有
意義地度過這個漫長的暑假。請根據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)提示,就你的暑假打算給他發(fā)一封80個詞左右的電子郵件。
要點(diǎn)提示:1.堅持運(yùn)動,鍛煉身體;2.看書,尤其是名著;
3.做家務(wù);4.當(dāng)志愿者,幫助農(nóng)民干活,幫助清潔工人打掃街道。
注意:可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,以使行文連貫;
Dear Mike,Glad to receive your letter.Now I’ll show you my summer vacation plan.First I’ll get up early and do sports as usual.This is good for my health.Then I’ll help my parents do some housework , such as cooking and washing.I’ll also take the great chance to read books, especially some famous novels.At last I want to be a volunteer to help farmers with some farm work and help cleaners clean streets.I think I’ll learn a lot and have a good time in the coming vacation.Wish you a nice summer vacation!
Yours,Li Ming
(十一)我們無法改變過去,卻能用勤奮和智慧創(chuàng)造美好的未來。親愛的同學(xué),你對未來的生活有怎樣的期待呢?請以“My life in the future”為題寫一篇80個詞左右的短文,暢想自己未來的學(xué)習(xí)、工作和生活。
My life in the future
My life in the future will be colorful and meaningful.I’m going to be a good doctor after I graduate from university.I believe I’ll bring my patients health and happiness.In my spare time, I’ll stay with my family.We’ll travel a lot and
do lots of sports.I’ll also read as many books as I can, for I want to improve myself.Even if I’m busy with my work, I will never give up studying.I’m sure my dream will come true because of my hard work and the life in the future will get better and better.(十二)
中學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)時間、壓力大,專家建議學(xué)生每天課后應(yīng)采取適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞椒潘勺约?。?Mike)代表班級在一次“The Ways for Students to Relax”的學(xué)校座談中與二(1)班的Terry討論了這一話題,請根據(jù)他的觀點(diǎn)和你自己的觀點(diǎn),給你的外籍老師Mr Green寫一篇有關(guān)這次討論的英語匯報材料。
Mr Green,Recently I have had a discussion about the ways for students to relax with Terry, a student from Class1, Grade2.In his opinion, the best ways are watching TV and playing computer games.He also believes that hanging out with friends isn’t a bad way.But I think watching TV or playing computer games isn’t a good way to 11
help us relax.I think listening to music and playing sports are good ways because they can help us keep healthy.I often play ping-pong after class because it’s helpful to both my health and my study.Besides, I think chatting with our friends isn’t a bad way.It can help us get along better with our friends.(十三)
初中階段的學(xué)習(xí)馬上就要結(jié)束了,在這三年中,你一定和你的同學(xué)結(jié)下了深厚的友誼。
請根據(jù)下面英語提示,寫一篇80詞左右的短文,講述你和同學(xué)之間的故事。
提示:
1.Who is your best friend?
2.What makes you get on well with her/him?
3.One unforgettable thing happened to you two.Among all my friends, I like Li Yong best.I regard him as my best friend because he’s always
helpful and friendly to me.What he attracts me most is that he likes music, too.Whenever we have time, we listen to pop songs together.One day last month, when we heard Andy would come to our city to give a concert, we were so glad.The concert made us feel very excited.That day was one of the happiest days we had together.(十四)
你的英語非常優(yōu)秀,學(xué)校請你和初一年級的同學(xué)們做一次英語學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗交流。請你根據(jù)下列提示要點(diǎn),為這次交流會準(zhǔn)備一份不少于70個詞的發(fā)言稿。
提示要點(diǎn):
1.When did you begin to learn English
2.Why do you like English
3.How do you study English well
提示詞:take part in /join , follow the tape , keep a diary in English , remember words…
It’s my honor to come here to share my opinions of learning English with you.I began to learn English when I was ten.At that time I knew nothing about English.But now I enjoy English so much , I like it not only because it’s useful ,but also I have a lot of fun learning it.I often take part in the English corner , and follow the English tapes to practice speaking English.Morning is the best time to remember words.Keeping a diary in English every day is a good way to improve your writing.(十五)
目前,許多學(xué)生不重視課外閱讀。請你根據(jù)下表內(nèi)容寫一篇短文,對這一現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析并提出建議。要求80個詞左右。
要點(diǎn):
At present many students don’t do any reading after class.Here are several reasons.Firstly, a lot of students have too much homework so they have little time for reading.Secondly, many students don’t have the habit of reading.Thirdly, some students spend their spare time on TV or on the Internet.However, it’s good for us to read.Through reading we can learn more about the world.Reading can also help us think better and make our life more colorful.In my opinion, teachers should give students more time to read.And students can join a reading club to read more.(十六)
現(xiàn)在,越來越多的人遠(yuǎn)離家鄉(xiāng)到外地打工,于是就有了很多留守學(xué)生。上周六,你們班為留守學(xué)生李華舉行了一個生日聚會。假如你是班長,請你根據(jù)以下提示寫一篇英文報道,并表達(dá)自己對這件事的感想。
●給予他關(guān)愛;
●與他交朋友,幫助他克服孤獨(dú)感;
●在學(xué)習(xí)上鼓勵、幫助他;
●他的感受……
●你的想法……
參考詞匯:留守學(xué)生 a left-behind student
注意:1.報道的開頭已經(jīng)給出,不計入總詞數(shù);
2.可以根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,俁不要逐條翻譯;
3.詞數(shù)80左右
Now more and more people work far away and leave their children in their
hometowns.The children often feel lonely at home.In order to give our love to Li Hua , a left-behind student, our class held a birthday party for him last Saturday.At the party , we all made friends with him , which made him very happy.We encouraged him to study hard.Li Hua expressed his thanks and he made up his mind to work hard.I think this kind of activity is helpful and meaningful.And I hope we can do more for the left-behind students like Li Hua in the future.(十七)
爸爸媽媽給了你無限的愛,你肯定把這份深情牢記在心.而你是否曾經(jīng)用適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞奖磉_(dá)過爸爸媽媽的愛呢?請以 “Love For My Parents” 為題寫一篇英語短文,記敘你為爸爸或媽媽做過的一件事情 , 以表達(dá)對他們的情感.要求:1.詞數(shù)不少于60;2.語言流暢,書寫規(guī)范。
Love For My Parents
Yesterday, I got up earlier than usual.After washing , I went to the kitchen and prepared breakfast.After that, I put a notice card beside it.Then I went to school before mom got up.It was mom’s birthday and I wanted to give her a special gift---a nice breakfast.I made the card by myself.It said,“Happy birthday,mom!I love you very much!”When I came back from school later that day , mom was waiting for me.With a smile , she said , “Dear , thank you for your wonderful gift.I like it so much!”
(十八)作為孩子,父母的行為有時會讓我們感到不理解。為什么他們總是不停地讓我們努力學(xué)習(xí),以致我們沒有時間去玩。然而努力總會有回報,我們進(jìn)步時,他們會為我們感到驕傲。我們逐漸理解了他們。假如你是Li Hui,請根據(jù)所給的提示,在某一英語網(wǎng)站發(fā)表一封公開信,號召所有的同學(xué)去理解他們的父母。
內(nèi)容要點(diǎn):1.放學(xué)回家后,父母要求你做作業(yè)或其他事情;
2.感到不快樂,沒時間玩;3.遇上困難,他們會幫助你;
4.取得進(jìn)步,他們會為你驕傲;5.逐漸理解父母,會更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。
參考詞匯:be strict with , be in trouble, make progress, take pride in , gradually(逐漸)understand , study harder
Dear friends,What do you usually think of your parents? Do you think your parents are strict with you?My parents always ask me to do homework and do other things after school.I couldn’t understand them.This made me unhappy because I had no enough time to play.But now I gradually understand them.My parents always help me when I am in trouble.When I make progress, they always take pride in me.Our parents are strict with us, but they really love us.Let’s learn to understand them and study harder to make more progress.(十九)
最近,你們班就“幸福是什么”進(jìn)行了一次討論,學(xué)生們發(fā)表了自己的看法,他們認(rèn)為:1.認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)是幸福,父母總是關(guān)心他們的生活與健康,是幸福。
2.有時當(dāng)他們做錯了事,周圍的人會幫助他們改正,他們感到幸福。
3.你同意同學(xué)們的看法,你認(rèn)為當(dāng)你做……你也會感到幸福。
要求:①第三要點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容需用三到四句話展開合理想象,進(jìn)行適當(dāng)發(fā)揮;②80詞左右。
Happiness is for everyone.Some students think happiness comes from studying hard at their
lessons.Their parents are always taking good care of their life and their health.They feel happy.Some students say when they do something wrong, people around them will help them to correct it.They believe this is happiness.I agree with them.I love my friends congratulating me when I enjoy success.When I do something kind to others, I feel happy, too.When we think of these things, we realize that happiness is all around us.(二十):近來,城市中頻繁出現(xiàn)的霧霾天氣嚴(yán)重影響到了老百姓的生活和健康!
假設(shè)你是李華,David是你的美國網(wǎng)友。他對目前中國出現(xiàn)的霧霆天氣很關(guān)注,來信向你詢問此事。請你給他寫封回信。
主要內(nèi)容如下:
(1)感謝他的關(guān)注。
(2)簡介霧霾(smog)天氣給人們的身體、生活帶來的危害。
(3)談?wù)勀愕母邢搿?/p>
注意:可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫流暢;開頭與結(jié)尾已寫好,不計人總詞數(shù);
★范文
Dear David,I'm glad to receive your letter.I have learned from your letter that you are concerned about the smog which frequently appears in some areas of China.Thank you for your concern.I'm also very worried about such terrible weather, because it has influenced many people's life and health,such as traffic jam, road accidents, bad coughs, throat hurts and ever lung cancers and so on.As everybody knows, a good environment comes from good protection.So we should do what we can to make a difference.Try to drive less and
choose air-friendly products.Only when everyone has the environmental awareness, can we have cleaner air.Hope to hear from you soon and share your good ideas.(二十一): 對于“碰到作業(yè)困難時是否向老師請教”,同學(xué)們持有不同的觀點(diǎn),請你根據(jù)下表內(nèi)容的提示,用英語寫一篇短文,陳述同學(xué)們的觀點(diǎn)及理由,并談?wù)勀愕挠^點(diǎn)及理由,發(fā)表在校園網(wǎng)的論壇上。觀點(diǎn): 向老師請教 ◆老師講解得清楚,易于理解 ◆增加與老師交流的機(jī)會
不向老師請教
◆性格內(nèi)向,羞于開口 ◆怕被同學(xué)嘲笑
你的觀點(diǎn)及理由:…(理由至少 2 條,不能重復(fù)已給的理由)
The students of our class have different ideas about whether we should ask teachers for help with our homework problems.Those who prefer to ask teachers for help think that teachers can explain clearly, and it will be a good chance to communicate with teachers.However, some disagree.On the one hand, they are too shy to ask teachers for help.On the other hand, they are afraid of being laughed at by others.As for me, I would like to ask teachers for help.I can get more ways for my study.It is easier to solve the problems with their help, and I can save more time in homework.Teachers can help me a lot.(I wouldn’t like to ask teachers for help, for they are too busy, so I don’t want to bother them.And I think searching online for the answers is a good way as well.It’s easy and saves time.)(二十二):2014 年學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,學(xué)生近視率仍維持在高位水平,且越來越低齡化。請根據(jù)下表所提示的內(nèi)容,用英語寫一篇短文,并發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)?,F(xiàn)狀: 大約 70%學(xué)生眼睛近視 主要原因: 1).睡眠不足 2).長時間看書、做作業(yè)、用電腦等 預(yù)防方法: 1).做眼睛保健操,多進(jìn)行體育活動 2).養(yǎng)成正確的用眼習(xí)慣
你的觀點(diǎn)… ….(至少一條)
The survey shows that many students have become shortsighted at a very young age.At present, about 70% of the students are shortsighted.Here are some main causes.Some students may not have enough sleep.Some students spend too much time reading or doing their homework without a rest.Some students even like to watch TV or use computers for a long time.In order to have a good eyesight, we should do eye exercises every day.We can also try to do more sports in our spare time.We should have a good habit of using our eyes.I think all of us should understand the importance of protecting eyes and try our best to protect them.后記:冰凍三尺,非一日之寒,練習(xí)寫作也是一樣,三天打魚兩天曬網(wǎng)是不行的,必須持之以恒的練習(xí),才會有進(jìn)步。上述的技巧也是要建立在練習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)之上,否則沒有辦法深刻體會,更何談自如運(yùn)用?只要勤加練習(xí),相信每一位同學(xué)都能取得巨大的進(jìn)步!
第五篇:中考記敘文寫作技巧
一、記敘文的特點(diǎn)
1.敘述的人稱
英語的記敘文一般是以第一或第三人稱的角度來敘述的。用第一稱表示的是由敘述者親眼所見、親耳所聞的經(jīng)歷。它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于能把故事的情節(jié)通過“我”來傳達(dá)給讀者,使人讀后感到真實可信,如身臨其境。如:
the other day, i was driving along the street.suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast.i was so frightened that i quickly turned to the left side.but it was too late.the car hit my bike and i fell off it.用第三人稱敘述,優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于敘述者不受“我”活動范圍以內(nèi)的人和事物的限制,而是通過作者與讀者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情節(jié)展現(xiàn)在讀者面前,文章的客觀性很強(qiáng)。如:
little tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard.on the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover.tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short.what could he do? then he had a good idea.2.動詞的時態(tài)
在記敘文中,記和敘都離不開動詞。所以動詞出現(xiàn)率最高,且富于變化。記敘文中用得最多的是動詞的過去的,這是英語記敘文區(qū)別于漢語記敘文的關(guān)鍵之處。英語寫作的優(yōu)美之處就在于這些動詞時態(tài)的變化,正是這一點(diǎn)才使得所記、所敘有鮮活的動態(tài)感、鮮明的層次感和立體感。
3.敘述的順序
記敘一件事要有一定的順序。無論是順敘、倒敘、插敘還是補(bǔ)敘,都要讓讀者能弄清事情的來龍去脈。順敘最容易操作,較容易給讀者提供有關(guān)事情的空間和時間線索。但這種方法也容易使文章顯得平鋪直敘,讀起來平淡乏味。倒敘、插敘、補(bǔ)敘等敘述方法能有效地提高文章的結(jié)構(gòu)效果,讓所敘之事跌宕起伏,使讀者在閱讀時思維產(chǎn)生較大的跳躍,從而為文章所吸引,深入其中。但這些方法如果使用不當(dāng),則容易弄巧成拙,使文章結(jié)構(gòu)散亂,頭緒不清,讓讀者不知所云。
4.敘述的過渡
過渡在上下文中起著承上啟下、融會貫通的作用。過渡往往用在地點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移或時間、事件轉(zhuǎn)換以及由概括說明到具體敘述時。如:
in my summer holidays, i did a lot of things.apart form doing my homework, reading an english novel, watching tv and doing some housework, i went on a trip to qingdao.it is really a beautiful city.there are many places of interest to see.but what impressed me most was the sunrise.the next morning i got up early.i was very happy because it was a fine day.by the time i got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red.in a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing.the sun was very red, not shining.it rose slowly.at last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball.at the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright.what a moving and unforgettable scene!
5.敘述與對話
引用故事情節(jié)中主要人物的對話是記敘文提高表現(xiàn)力的一種好方法。適當(dāng)?shù)赜弥苯右Z代替間接的主觀敘述,可以客觀生動地反映人物的性格、品質(zhì)和心理狀態(tài),使記敘生動、有趣,使文章內(nèi)容更加充實、具體。試比較下面兩段的敘述效果:
i was in the kitchen, and i was cooking something.suddenly i heard a loud noise from the front.i thought maybe someone was knocking the door.i asked who it was but i heard no reply.after a while i saw my cat running across the parlor.i realized it was the cat.i felt released.這本來應(yīng)是一段故事性很強(qiáng)的文字,但經(jīng)作者這么一寫,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是敘述模式,沒有人物語言,把“懸念”給沖淡了??勺魅缦抡{(diào)整:
i was in the kitchen cooking something.“crash!” a loud noise came from the front.thinking someone was knocking at the door, i asked, “who?” no reply.after a while, i saw my cat running across the parlor.“it's you.” i said, quite released.二、寫好記敘文的基本要領(lǐng)
1.頭緒分明,脈絡(luò)清楚
寫好記敘文,首先要頭緒分明,脈絡(luò)清楚,明確文章要求寫什么。要對所寫的事件或人物進(jìn)行分析,弄清事件發(fā)生、發(fā)展一直到結(jié)束的整個過程,然后再收集選取素材。這些素材都應(yīng)該跟上述五個“ w ”和一個“ h ”有關(guān)。盡管不是每篇記敘文里都必須包括這些“ w ”和“ h ”,但動筆之前,圍繞五個“ w ”和“ h ”進(jìn)行構(gòu)思是必不可少的。
2.突出中心,詳略得當(dāng)
在文章的框架確定后,對支持故事的素材的選取是很關(guān)鍵的。選材要注意取舍,應(yīng)該從表現(xiàn)文章主題的需要出發(fā),分清主次,定好詳略。要突出重點(diǎn),詳寫細(xì)述那些能表現(xiàn)文章主題的重要情節(jié),略寫粗述那么非關(guān)鍵的次要情節(jié)。面面俱到反而使情節(jié)羅列化,使人不得要領(lǐng)。這一點(diǎn)是寫好記敘文要解決的一個基本問題,也需要一定的技巧。如:
one night a man came to our house and told me, “there is a family with eight children.they have not eaten for days.” i took some food with me and went.when i finally came to that family, i saw the faces of those little children disfigured(破壞外貌)by hunger.there was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger.i gave the rice to the mother.she divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice.when she came back, i asked her, “where did you go?” she gave me this simple answer, “to my neighbors — they are hungry also!”
3.用活語言,準(zhǔn)確生動
記敘文要用具體的事件和生動的語言對人、事、物加以敘述。一篇好的記敘文的語言既要準(zhǔn)確、生動,又要表現(xiàn)力強(qiáng),這樣才能把人、事描寫得具體生動,其可讀性才強(qiáng)。試比較下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
one day xiaoqiang was wandering away.he was soon lost among people and traffic.he could not find the way back home and started crying.just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying.they went up to xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened.xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived.the two students decided to take him home.mother was pleased to see xiaoqiang come back safe and sound.she invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it.she served them with tea but they left.修改后:
the other day, five-year-old xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street.after some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home.but he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic.when he could not find the way home, he started and crying.just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop.they immediately went up to him.“l(fā)ittle boy, why are you standing here crying?” they asked.“i want mom, i go home.” said the boy, still crying.“don't worry, we'll send you home.”
and they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house.with the help of a policeman, they finally found it.when the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house.gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea.多練習(xí),勤思考,考試大編輯相信勝利一定屬于你!