第一篇：高考重點(diǎn)不定冠詞的用法

高考重點(diǎn)知識——定冠詞的用法

不定冠詞有a和an兩種形式。a用在以輔音音標(biāo)開頭的詞前,an用在以元音音標(biāo)開頭的詞前。

a house, a useful book

an hour, an umbrella

不定冠詞的用法主要有:

1)泛指某人或某物,不具體說明其為何人或何物。在行文敘述時(shí),第一次提到某個人或事物時(shí),通常使用不定冠詞,此為“泛指”。例如:

A girl is asking for you on the phone.My mother works in a hospital.2)用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示一類人或事物,即以一個個體代表整類人或事物,此為“類指”。例如:

A plane is faster than a train.飛機(jī)比火車快。

A snake is a cold-blooded animal.蛇是冷血動物。

3)表示“一”,但數(shù)量概念沒有one強(qiáng)烈。例如:

They waited there for an hour.他們在那等了一個小時(shí)。

Rome wasn't built in a day.羅馬非一天能建成。(即:冰凍三尺非一日之寒。)

如特別強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量,應(yīng)使用one。例如:

I have only one dictionary and I need it myself.4)用在表示時(shí)間、速度、價(jià)格等計(jì)量單位的名詞前表示“每一”,相當(dāng)于per或every。例如:

The plane can get 300 kilometers an hour.飛機(jī)的速度是每小時(shí)300公里。

The doctor told her to take the medicine three times a day.醫(yī)生叫她一天服三次藥。

We work five days a week.我們一周工作五天。

5)用于抽象名詞、物質(zhì)名詞前(特別是這兩種名詞有定語修飾時(shí)),使之意義具體化,表示“一種”、“一件”、“一份”等。例如:

It is an honour for me to be invited to the party.我被邀請參加聚會是一種榮譽(yù)。(honour是抽象名詞,an honour指一件榮譽(yù)的事)There was heavy rain last week.(rain為物質(zhì)名詞,這里指一場雨)

6)用于序數(shù)詞(后加名詞)前,表示又一個,又一次。例如:

He tried a sixth time and succeeded.他又試第六次,結(jié)果成功了。When I sat down,a fourth student rose to speak.當(dāng)我坐下時(shí),又有第四個同學(xué)起立發(fā)言。

7)用于某一個人名、地名前,使專有名詞普通化。例如:

A Mr.Li has been waiting for you.一位姓李的先生一直在等你。Chongqing is known as a Shanghai of the west.重慶被稱作西部的上海。(Shanghai是專有名詞,本句中a Shanghai指和上海一樣繁華的城市)

8)用于某些固定詞組中,是這些詞組不可缺少的組成部分。例如: in a moment立刻,馬上 once upon a time從前

as a result(of)作為(……)的結(jié)果 in a hurry急忙地

in a word一句話,總而言之 once in a while偶爾地

have a good time過得很愉快 have a word with與……說句話 have/take a look(at)看一看 have/take a rest休息一下

take an active part in積極參加(比較:take part in參加,不能說take a part in)

do sb.a favour幫某人的忙 put an end to結(jié)束

at a mouthful一大口地 all of a sudden突然地

第二篇：不定冠詞a和an的用法習(xí)題

不定冠詞a和an 的用法練習(xí)1.He is____ugly man.2.I have _____orange.3.There is ____elephant in the zoo.4.You are ____good student.5.Please take ____umbrella.6.I am ____student.7.This is ___new book.8.I have ___useful book.9.He teaches math in___university.10.I bought ___MP3 yesterday.11.He is ____honest boy.12.I got___ X-ray(x射線透視)。13.My father bought me ___iphone 5.14.There is___“ u”in the word “hour”,there is____“h”.15.Yao ming is ____NBA basketball player.16.Tom had ____unusual experience.17.This is___egg.18.I spent ___hour doing my homework.

第三篇：定冠詞 the不定冠詞 aan

定冠詞 the不定冠詞 aan

the/an/a用法及區(qū)別：

冠詞在英文中屬于虛詞，在句子里主要是對名詞起限定作用。這類詞的數(shù)量很小，但是其活動性卻很大，很大。在英文中，a / an并不等于one。例：He only has one dictionary.他只有一本詞典。（正確）He only has a dictionary.他只有一本詞典。（錯誤）

One minute is enough for me to do it.我做這件事一分鐘足夠了。（正確）

A minute is enough for me to do it.我做這件事一分鐘足夠了（錯誤）

1）不定冠詞在句子中最大的語法功能是：用在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式前表示泛指--表明一類人或事物區(qū)別于它類。

例：I am a Chinese.我是(一個)中國人。

This is a book.這是（一本）書。

2）為了讀音的方便，在以元音音素開頭的可數(shù)

名詞的單數(shù)名詞前用an而不用a。當(dāng)我們使用an時(shí)，條件有三：①這個名詞的讀音必須是以元音音素開頭--即它的 音標(biāo)的第一個音素是元音，而不是說它是以元音字母開頭。②它必須是個可數(shù)名詞。③它還必須是個單數(shù)名詞。我們常常見到這類用法：

a university 一所大學(xué) an hour 一個小時(shí)

an orange 一只桔子 an engineer 一位工程師

an ordinary man一個普通人

an honest person一位誠實(shí)的人

3）定冠詞在句子中，既可以用于可數(shù)名詞前，也可以用于不可數(shù)名詞前；既用在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式前，也用在可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式前。從表達(dá)意義上講，它既可表達(dá)this, that之意義，也可表達(dá)these, those之意義。例：

This is the very ink I'm going to buy.這正是我要買的那種墨水。The words on the blackboard are to be learned next time.黑板上的這些單字是下次課要學(xué)的。

4)定冠詞在句子中最大的語法功能是對名詞加以限定，使其成為具有某種意

義的特定名詞。這種“特定意義”通過比較是不難看出的。例：Here are the records you want.這些是你要的唱片。

I bought some records yesterday.昨天我買了幾張唱片。Have you decided on the prices yet? 價(jià)格你們確定了嗎？

了解了上述關(guān)于冠詞的幾個基本概念以后，我們就可以來進(jìn)一步討論冠詞基本用法的具體情況了。

不定冠詞基本用法

1）用于泛指人或者事

She wanted to rent an apartment near the campus..她想在學(xué)校附近租一套房子。

Before she left for London, Sally sent me a picture of herself.薩莉動身去倫敦前送給我一張她的照片。

A grammar book is necessary to a language learner.對語言學(xué)習(xí)者來說，語法書是很必要的。

A teacher likes putting a watch on his / her desk while lecturing.老師講課時(shí)總愛將手表放在講臺上。

2)用于某些詞組中。這種用法是約定束成的，我們只有遵從而無旁的選擇。例如：

have a rest（休息）have a look（瞧瞧）have a good time（過得開心）

take a shower（淋浴）take a break（休息）take a bath（洗澡）get a cold（患感冒）get a fever（發(fā)燒）develop into a habit（養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣）

make a living（謀生）make a guess at（猜測）make a difference between（區(qū)分）

in a moment（過一會兒）in a sense（在某種意義上）in a way（在某種程度上）

once in a while（間或）have an advantage over（優(yōu)于）

have an edge（略勝過）as a result（因此）as a rule（通常）as a whole（總體上說）

a/an 不定冠詞和 the 定冠詞的用法

1.基本文法說明

英文中的冠詞是用來指稱陪伴單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也就是當(dāng)你在句子中提到單個或單件的人事物時(shí)，需要在前面加個冠詞來表示單“一”的存在。而冠詞中又分為「不定冠詞」以及「定冠詞」兩類。顧名思義，「定冠詞 the」的使用時(shí)機(jī)在于你所提到的單數(shù)名詞是“那一個”“這一個”特別指定的目標(biāo)物，反之如果沒有特定的指稱對象就只要用「不定冠詞 a/an」就可以了。

2.錯誤發(fā)生情況及修正練習(xí)

仔細(xì)看看下列的句子，哪里出了錯？又該如何修正？

A.I am not English.I am Chinese.我不是英國人。我是中國人。

B.Our department needs a secretary and accountant.我們部門需要一名秘書和一名會計(jì)。

C.I am eating an apple pie.An apple pie is still hot.我正在吃蘋果派。這派還正熱著呢。

3.錯誤修正及解釋

正確的句子如下：

A.I am not an English.I am a Chinese.根本忘記在單數(shù)名詞前面加冠詞

會發(fā)生這樣的錯誤通常是因?yàn)槭艿街形牧?xí)慣的影響，因?yàn)樵谥形牡谋磉_(dá)里我們并不一定會把“一個”或“一樣”等等的量詞說出來或?qū)懗鰜恚栽谟⑽谋磉_(dá)的時(shí)候要特別留意。

B.Our department needs a secretary and an accountant.有連接詞的時(shí)候忘記在后面的單數(shù)名詞加冠詞

雖然and 之類的連接詞有連接前后兩個名詞的功用，但是個別的冠詞還是不能省哦！

C.I am eating an apple pie.The apple pie is still hot.搞不清楚定冠詞 the 應(yīng)該用在“那一個”“這一個”特別指定的目標(biāo)物前面

通常第一次提到一樣?xùn)|西或一個人的時(shí)候，我們是在介紹全新或者是聽者不知道的人事物，因此不需要特別指定只要用不定冠詞 a/an 就可以了。但是當(dāng)我們在后來的敘述或談話中再次提到“那”一樣?xùn)|西或“某”個人的時(shí)候，就要用到定冠詞 the 來表示先前已經(jīng)提過的單數(shù)名詞。ability/ be able to/ be capable of/can 關(guān)于「能力」的表達(dá)方式

1.基本文法說明

上面四個字或者詞組都和表達(dá)“人的能力”有關(guān)。不過由于詞性和對應(yīng)的能力層面有所不同，因此有一些個別的特殊用法。

A.ability 為名詞，通常會用在表達(dá)

a.「有能力去做~什么事」

ability to do sth

例 He has the ability to get the job done quickly.他有能力把工作迅速完成。

b.「有~什么樣的能力」

reading/writing/teaching/acting ability

例 Noel's writing ability was confirmed at a fairly young age.諾爾的寫作能力在很年輕的時(shí)候就被肯定了。

c.「在~哪種學(xué)科或語言上的能力」

ability in

例 I want to improve my ability in Mathematics.我想要改善我的數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算能力。

B.be able to為動詞詞組，表示「人能夠~做什么」，而且通常是不令人驚訝的一般能力

例 Will you be able to get out of bed after a few days?你幾天后就能夠下床了嗎？

例 Liam is able to play with us on Sunday.連恩星期天就能和我們一起出去玩了。

C.be capable of 也是動詞詞組，不過有別于 be able to，be capable of 之后是接動名詞，而且是表示一種你通常不會做但是存在的潛力a.「人能夠~怎樣做」

be capable of(doing)something

例 One man is capable of destroying the whole world.只要一個人就有可能會摧毀全世界。

例 I believe he is capable of getting here on time, but he just can't be bothered.我相信他絕對能夠?qū)崟r(shí)趕來，只是他不在乎罷了。

b.「事物能夠被~怎樣」，通常表示「能力」都是以“人”當(dāng)主詞當(dāng)主角，但 be capable of 可以用事物當(dāng)主詞來使用事物 be capable of

第四篇：高考重點(diǎn)詞匯用法精講 第33講

學(xué)海揚(yáng)帆，奧風(fēng)助航！

奧風(fēng)英語《高考重點(diǎn)詞匯用法精講》第33講（文字版）

魏訓(xùn)剛 主講（本系列講座共45講）

第49篇

1.arise vi.（arose, arisen）出現(xiàn)；起來；升起

[用法點(diǎn)睛] arise out of /from sth.因某事而產(chǎn)生、造成、引起

如：Problems arose of the lack of money.因?yàn)槿卞X產(chǎn)生了很多問題。

A new difficulty has arisen in our work.我們工作中又產(chǎn)生了新的困難。

[同根詞] rise vi.上升；升起

如：The sun rises in the east.太陽從東方升起。2.fix vt.修理；安裝；確定；固定

[用法點(diǎn)睛] fix one’s eyes /attention on凝視；全身貫注于

fix a time/date for sth.為某事安排時(shí)間/日期

fix sth.up 安排（某事）；裝修；修理

如：Her eyes were fixed on the book.她的眼睛盯著那本書。

They have fixed a date for their wedding.他們定了結(jié)婚的日子。I will help you to fix up the meeting.我來幫你安排這個會議。My watch needs fixing.我的表需要修理。

[同根詞] fixed adj.已決定的；確定不變的；固定的 3.suppose vt.vi.猜想；認(rèn)為；假設(shè)；應(yīng)當(dāng)

[用法點(diǎn)睛] suppose(that)… 猜；認(rèn)為

suppose sb.(to be)+名詞/形容詞 認(rèn)為某人 be supposed to 應(yīng)當(dāng)；應(yīng)該（做某事）

如：I suppose(that)you’re right.我想你是正確的。

I suppose her to be more than fifty years old.我猜她有五十多歲了。

You are supposed to keep quiet in the library.在圖書館里，你應(yīng)該保持安靜。What do you suppose he wants? 你認(rèn)為他想要什么？ Suppose you lost your job tomorrow, what would you do? 假設(shè)明天丟了工作，你會怎么做？

It is widely supposed that this kind of things won’t happen again.人們一般認(rèn)為這樣的事情不會發(fā)生了。

[同根詞] supposed adj.誤信的；誤傳的；信以為真的

如：The supposed beggar was really a police officer in disguise.那個眾人眼中的乞丐，其實(shí)是化了裝的警察。

[高考鏈接] What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You’re___________to be asleep.A.supposed

B.known

C.thought

D.considered [答案解析] A 本句意為“湯姆，你還沒上床，在干什么？你現(xiàn)在應(yīng)當(dāng)睡覺”。4.arrange vt.籌備；整理；安排

[用法點(diǎn)睛] arrange(for sb./sth.)to do sth 安排（某人/物）做某事

arrange with sb.about sth.與某人約定、商定某事 ，學(xué)海揚(yáng)帆，奧風(fēng)助航！

如：They will arrange a dinner to celebrate her birthday.他們將籌備聚餐來慶祝她的生日。

I have arranged for a car to pick you up at the airport.我已經(jīng)安排好了一輛車去機(jī)場接你。

[高考例句] The secretary arranged a convenient time and place for the applicants to have an interview.秘書安排了一個方便的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)讓申請人進(jìn)行面試。

We have arranged with them about the date of the meeting.我們已經(jīng)與他們商定好了會議的日期。[同根詞] arrangement n.[C U]安排；布置 5.call

① vt.打電話；叫；呼喚；稱為；vi.叫喊；拜訪；打電話；

[用法點(diǎn)睛] call out to sb.for sth.為某事而大聲喊以引起某人的注意

call on sb.拜訪某人

call at sth.拜訪某地

call on sb.to do sth.號召某人做某事

call sb in 召請某人

call for sth 需求或需要某事物

call sth off 取消

call sth up 想起某事；回憶某事

如：He called(Mary)from a telephone booth.他是從電話亭里(給瑪麗)打的電話。

She called to her mother for help.她向父親喊叫求救。

Let’s call at the city to call on Mr.Brown.我們?nèi)ツ莻€城市拜訪布朗先生吧。

Young men were called on to join the army.年輕人被號召去參軍。

Mother being ill, we have to call in a doctor.媽媽生病了，我們要去請醫(yī)生來。

This kind of work calls for great patience.這種工作需要極大的耐心。

The match was called off because of bad weather.由于天氣不好，比賽取消了。The picture called up the memories of my happy childhood.這張照片喚起了我幸福童年的回憶。② n.[C]喊；叫；通話；（一個）電話 [短語] a call for help大聲呼救

give sb.a call給某人打電話

make/receive或get/return a call打/接/回電話

如： I’ll give you a call at the weekend.我周末給你打電話。6.apologize vi.道謙；認(rèn)罪；認(rèn)錯

[用法點(diǎn)睛] apologize to sb.for sth.因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼?如：He apologized to her for not going to her party.他因?yàn)闆]有出席她舉行的宴會而向她表示歉意。

[高考例句] He smiled politely as Mary apologized for her drunken friends.當(dāng)瑪麗因?yàn)樗砭频呐笥训狼笗r(shí)，他禮貌地微笑著。[同根詞] apology n.[C U] 道歉；謝罪；認(rèn)錯

[用法點(diǎn)睛]make an apology(to sb.for sth.)（因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙耍┑狼?/p>

own sb.an apology(for.sth.)（因?yàn)槟呈拢┬枰蚰橙说狼?/p>

如：We made an apology to our teacher for coming to school late.我們因?yàn)檫t到向老師道歉。

I owe you an apology for my rudeness.我為我的粗魯向你道歉。

7.appetite n.[C U] 欲望；食欲；胃口

[用法點(diǎn)睛] lose one’s appetite沒有食欲

學(xué)海揚(yáng)帆，奧風(fēng)助航！

have an appetite for sth渴望、喜歡某事物

如：When I was ill, I completely lost my appetite.我生病的時(shí)候，完全沒有食欲。

The walking has given me an appetite for dinner.步行使我晚飯很有胃口。

He has no appetite for fight.他毫無斗志。

[同根詞] appetizer n.[C] 開胃品

appetizing adj.開胃的；促進(jìn)食欲的 8.apparently adv.顯然；表面上；似乎

如：He was apparently much surprised at the news.他對那個消息顯然感到十分驚異。

Apparently she did not succeed.看樣子她沒有成功。

[同根詞] ① apparent adj.表面上的；明顯的

[用法點(diǎn)睛] It is apparent that…??是很明顯的

如：It is apparent that Taiwan is part of China.很明顯臺灣是中國的一部分。② transparent adj.透明的；顯而易見的

[高考鏈接] The state-run company is required to make its accounts as___________as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.A.transparent

B.reasonable

C.secure

D.formal [答案解析] A根據(jù)后面的for its staff to monitor the use of money可知，答案為A。句意為“國有企業(yè)被要求帳務(wù)盡可能做到公開透明，以便于其員工監(jiān)督資金的使用”。reasonable合理的的；secure安全的；formal規(guī)范的；正式的。9.appeal

① vi.呼吁；吸引；vt.& vi.申訴；上訴； [用法點(diǎn)睛]appeal to sb.(for sth.)向某人請求

appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁某人做某事 appeal(to sb.)against sth.（向某人）上訴 appeal to sb.迎合某人的愛好；吸引某人

如：He appealed to his friends for support.他向朋友們請求幫助。

The police appealed to the crowd to keep calm.警察向群眾呼吁要保持冷靜。He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.他對被判五年徒刑提出上訴。

The idea appealed to Mary.這主意正合瑪麗的心意。

② n.[C U]呼吁；懇求；上訴；[U]吸引力

如：The country has made an appeal for help to the world.那個國家向世界求助。

The new fashion soon lost its appeal.這種新式樣很快就失去了吸引力。

10.applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌；喝彩

[用法點(diǎn)睛] applaud sb.for sth.因某事稱贊某人

如：The audience applauded the singer for three minutes.觀眾向歌唱家鼓掌喝彩達(dá)三分鐘。

We applauded him for his courage.我們稱贊他的勇敢。

[同根詞]applause n.[U] 鼓掌歡迎

第50篇

1.submit vt.遞交；vt.& vi.服從；順從；屈服；讓步

[用法點(diǎn)睛] submit to sb.屈服或歸順某人；服從某人

submit sth.to sb.向某人提交某物 submit that… 認(rèn)為??

學(xué)海揚(yáng)帆，奧風(fēng)助航！

如：We will never submit to enemy.我們永遠(yuǎn)不會向敵人屈服。

He has submit the plan to the manager.他已經(jīng)向經(jīng)理提交了計(jì)劃。I submit that his words are reasonable.我認(rèn)為他的話是有道理的。[同根詞] submissive adj.服從的；順從的 2.apply

① vi.申請

[用法點(diǎn)睛] apply to sb for sth向某人申請某事物

如：You should apply to the manager for the post.你應(yīng)該向經(jīng)理申請這份職位。

---How do I apply for this license? 如何申請?jiān)S可證？

---You want inquiries.你需要到問訊處出打聽。② vt.& vi.應(yīng)用

[用法點(diǎn)睛] apply sth to sth 把某物涂在某物上；把??應(yīng)用到??上

apply oneself to(doing)sth.集中精力做某事；專心做某事

如：The new technology can be applied to our daily life.這種新的技術(shù)可以應(yīng)用到我們的日常生活中。

Apply some glue to the cover of the book.往書的封面上涂些膠水。You will pass the exam if you apply yourself to your work.如果你能專心致志于你的學(xué)習(xí)，就能通過考試。[同根詞]：applied adj.應(yīng)用的；實(shí)用的applicant n.申請人

application n.[C U] 申請；要求 3.polish

① vt.磨光；擦亮；修改；潤色（文章）[用法點(diǎn)睛] polish sth.(up)磨光；擦亮

polish sth.off 迅速做完

如：He polished his glasses with a handkerchief.他用手帕擦拭了一下眼鏡。

The speaker spent several days polishing her lecture.演講者花了幾天時(shí)間潤飾她的演講稿。

They polished all the dishes off on the table in a short time.他們很快就吃完了桌子上的所有的菜。

② n.[C U] 磨光；修飾；上光劑

[用法點(diǎn)睛] give sth a polish 將某物磨光、擦亮

如：I will give your shoes a polish.我把你的鞋子擦一擦。

[同根詞] polished adj.磨光的；擦亮的

[高考鏈接] Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and___________every page of my draft.A.approved

B.quoted

C.polished

D.folded [答案解析] C 本句意為“最后，我要感謝我的導(dǎo)師，他就我的論文提出了大量意見和建議，并且對我草稿的每一頁都進(jìn)行了修改”。approve vi.贊同；認(rèn)可；vt.批準(zhǔn)；通過；quote vt.vi.引用；引述；n.[C]引語；引用的話；fold vt.折疊；vi.可以折疊；n.[C] 褶；折痕 4.relative

① adj.相關(guān)的；有關(guān)系的；相對的

[用法點(diǎn)睛] be relative to sth.與??相對的；成比例的；與??有關(guān)的 如：Supply is relative to demand.供應(yīng)是按需求而定的。

He asked me some questions relative to the subject.他問了我一些有關(guān)這個題目的問題。

學(xué)海揚(yáng)帆，奧風(fēng)助航！

② n.[C] 親戚

[用法點(diǎn)睛] a close /distant relative 一個近親/遠(yuǎn)親

如：I have many close relatives in that village.在那個村子里有我好多近親。

The president has sent a message of sympathy to the relatives of the dead soldiers.總統(tǒng)已向死亡士兵的親屬們發(fā)了慰問信。[同根詞]：relatively adv.相對的；比較的

第五篇：《高考重點(diǎn)詞匯用法精講》第2講

學(xué)海揚(yáng)帆，奧風(fēng)助航!

第2講

第2篇

1.empower vt.使（某人）有更多的權(quán)力做某事；正式授權(quán)

[用法點(diǎn)睛]： empower sb.to do賦予某人做某事的權(quán)力

be empowered to do sth.有權(quán)力做某事；被賦予做某事的權(quán)力

如：The first thing in empowering the poor is making sure they vote.擴(kuò)大窮人權(quán)力的第一件事就是確保他們有選舉權(quán)。

The new laws empowered the police to stop anybody in the steet.新法賦予警察在街上阻攔任何人的權(quán)利。

When were women empowered to vote in this country? 在這個國家，婦女是何時(shí)被賦予選舉權(quán)的？

2.motivate vt.激發(fā)；促使；成為（某人做某事的）動機(jī)

[用法點(diǎn)睛]：motivate sb.to do sth.激勵某人做某事；構(gòu)成某人做某事的動機(jī) 如：We may never know what motivated him to kill his wife.我們可能永遠(yuǎn)不知道是什么促使他殺了他的妻子。

He motivated the students to work hard.他激勵學(xué)生努力學(xué)習(xí)。[同根詞]：motivation n.[C U] 動機(jī)；誘因 3.development n.[U] 發(fā)展；發(fā)育；顯影

[同根詞]：

① develop vt.vi.發(fā)展；生長；開發(fā)（土地等資源）；沖洗（膠卷）[用法點(diǎn)睛]： develop into 發(fā)展成為

develop from由……發(fā)展而來

如：The child is developing well.這孩子發(fā)育良好。

Chicago developed into a big city in the late 1800s.芝加哥在19世紀(jì)晚期發(fā)展成為一座大城市。

It’s hard to believe that a tree can develop from a small seed.很難相信一棵樹竟然是從一粒渺小的種子長成。② developing adj.發(fā)展中的 ③ developed adj.發(fā)達(dá)的

如： The United States is a developed country while China is a developing country.美國是發(fā)達(dá)國家，而中國是發(fā)展中國家。

[高考鏈接] As the story___________, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.A.begins

B.happens

C.ends

D.develops [答案解析] D 本句意為“隨著故事的發(fā)展，關(guān)于奇怪人物的真相慢慢被發(fā)掘出來”。begin開始；happen發(fā)生；end結(jié)束

4.closely adv.緊密地；密切地；接近地

如：You resemble your mother very closely.你和你的媽媽很像。resemble vt.相似

[同根詞]：close adj.近的；靠近的；（關(guān)系）密切的；親密的；adv.位置近地；vt.vi.關(guān)；關(guān)閉；停止?fàn)I業(yè)

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學(xué)海揚(yáng)帆，奧風(fēng)助航![高考例句] I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao,” just as I might do in China.我走地足夠近時(shí)，聽到他們正在說漢語，就說“你好！”，就像我在中國可能會做的一樣。[辨析] closely adv.緊密地；密切地；接近地

close adv.位置近地

如：Political activity is closely controlled.政治活動受到嚴(yán)密的控制。

English and German are closely related.英語和德語關(guān)系很密切。

Come a little closer, so you can see better.走近點(diǎn)，以便于能看得更清楚。When he saw Mary, he came close to her.當(dāng)他看到瑪麗時(shí)，就走近她。[短語] come close to(doing sth.)幾乎要做某事 如：He came close to falling down.他幾乎摔倒。5.hang

① vt.vi.（hung, hung）懸掛；吊

[短語] hang on（打電話時(shí)）不掛斷；等待片刻

hang out with sb.常與某人一起玩

如：She hung the clothes on the washing line.她把衣服掛在晾衣繩上。

There was a family photo hanging on the wall.墻上有幅家庭照片。

I don’t really know who she hangs out with.我真地不清楚她經(jīng)常和誰一起玩。② vt.(hanged, hanged)絞死，吊死（某人）

如：He was hanged for murder.他因?yàn)橹\殺被絞死了。6.identify vt.確認(rèn)；證明（某人身份）；認(rèn)為某物與另一物等同

[用法點(diǎn)睛] identify sb./sth.as sb./sth.確認(rèn)某人為……；確認(rèn)某物為……

identify sth.with sth.認(rèn)為某物與某物相同 identify with sb.認(rèn)同某人；同情某人

如：He was too far away to be able to identify faces.離地太遠(yuǎn)，他無法看清面目。

The police identified the gunman as a middle-aged man.警察確認(rèn)槍手是一個中年男人。One can not identify happiness with wealth.一個人不能將幸福與財(cái)富劃等號。I found it hard to identify with any of the roles in the film.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難認(rèn)同這部電影中的任何角色。

[同根詞]：identity

n.[C U] 身份；特性；同一性；一致

identification n.[U] 鑒別；識別 ID card=identity/identification card 7.raise vt.舉起；使升高；飼養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育；籌款；募捐

如：William raised his hat and smiled at her.威廉舉起他的帽子，向她微笑。

Many shops have raised their prices.很多商店提高了價(jià)格。

Stan’s dad died, leaving his mother to raise three sons alone.斯坦的父親去世了，留下他媽媽獨(dú)自撫養(yǎng)三個孩子。

They hope to raise $1 million to buy land.他們希望能籌集到一百萬美元買地。He did not raise the question again.他沒有再提那個問題。[比較] rise vi.(rose, risen)升起；上升；站起；起床 如：The sun rises in the east.太陽從東方升起。

Then she picked up her bag and rose to leave.然后她拿起包，起身離開。

House prices in this area rose from 3,000 yuan to 30,000 yuan per square meters, but now they are falling.這個地區(qū)的房價(jià)曾從每平3000元漲到30000元，但現(xiàn)在正在跌。

Sales rose by 20% over the Christmas period.銷售額在圣誕期間增長了20%。8.allow vt.準(zhǔn)許；允許

奧風(fēng)英語網(wǎng)004km.cn

學(xué)海揚(yáng)帆，奧風(fēng)助航![用法點(diǎn)睛] allow doing 允許做某事

allow sb.to do sth.允許某人做某事

allow sb.sth./allow sth.to sb.允許某人（擁有）某物 allow for將……考慮在內(nèi)

如：We don’t allow smoking in our house.我們不允許在房間里抽煙。The boss doesn’t allow him to use the phone.老板不允許他用電話。

Allow yourselves plenty of time to get to the airport.給你自己留出去機(jī)場的足夠時(shí)間。It will take us half an hour to get the station, allowing for traffic delay.考慮到路上耽擱，去車站要花我們半小時(shí)的時(shí)間。9.direct

① vt.指路；指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；指揮；導(dǎo)演

如：He directed me to a hotel near the airport.他指引我到機(jī)場附近的一家旅館。The guide direct our attention to the other picture.導(dǎo)游將我們的注意力引向另一幅畫。She directed a group of workers.她指揮一群工人。

The movie was directed by Feng Xiaogang.那部電影是馮小剛導(dǎo)演的。② adj.直接的；直達(dá)的

如：I’m not in direct contact with them.我和他沒有直接的聯(lián)系。Women often feel men are too direct.女士常常感覺男士太直接了。It’s a direct flight to New York.這是直飛紐約的航班。[同根詞] director n.[C] 指揮者;導(dǎo)演;主任;處長;董事

direction n.[C U] 方向；方位 self-directed adj.自主（式）的

10.restriction n.[C U] 限制；約束

[同根詞]：

① restrict vt.限制；限定

[用法點(diǎn)睛] restrict sth.to 將某物限制在（某程度、數(shù)量、水平等）如：The new law restricts the sale of hand guns.新法限制手槍的銷售。

In future we will restrict class sizes to 20 students.今后我們將把班額限制在20名學(xué)生。He’s restricting himself to two cigarettes a day.他限制自己每天抽兩支煙。② restricted adj.受限制的；被限定的

如：Press freedom is restricted in this country.在這個國家新聞自由受到限制。11.knowledge n.[U]知識；學(xué)問；（可與a連用）某門具體的知識

[用法點(diǎn)睛] a knowledge of 某方面的知識 如：Knowledge is power.知識就是力量。

My knowledge of French is poor.我的法語知識貧乏。

You need a knowledge of physics to do this job well.要做好這項(xiàng)工作，你需要物理知識。12.require vt.需要；要求

[用法點(diǎn)睛] require sb.to do sth.需要/要求某人做某事

require doing.(主語通常為物)需要被

如：The law requires a driver to wear seat belt.法律要求司機(jī)系安全帶。

[高考例句] Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car washed.在開車進(jìn)城前，你要洗車。

The plants require watering.這些植物需要水。

[同根詞]：requirement n.[C] 要求；需要的東西；必要條件 13.engage vt.vi.（文）雇傭；占用（時(shí)間）；吸引（注意等）；與（某人）交戰(zhàn)

奧風(fēng)英語網(wǎng)004km.cn

學(xué)海揚(yáng)帆，奧風(fēng)助航![用法點(diǎn)睛] engage sb.to do.雇傭某人做某事

engage sb.as sth.聘用某人擔(dān)任某職務(wù)

engage(sb.)in sth.（使某人）參加或從事某事

如：Her father engaged a tutor to improve her maths.他的父親請了一位家教提高她的數(shù)學(xué)。

They engaged her as a guide.他們請她作導(dǎo)游。

Nothing engages his attention for long.沒有什么能長期吸引他的注意力。I have no time to engage in such a thing.我沒有時(shí)間干這種事。[同根詞]：

① engaged adj.忙著的；（電話）占線的；已訂婚的；（座位）預(yù)定出的 [用法點(diǎn)睛] be engaged to sb.與某人訂婚

② engaging adj.引人注目的；迷人的 ③ engagement n.[C]訂婚；約會；交戰(zhàn) 14.accord vi.符合；一致

[用法點(diǎn)睛] accord with sth.與……一致、相符

如： The punishments accorded with the new law.懲罰與法律相符。[短語]：according to 根據(jù)

如：According to the police, the thief has been caught.據(jù)警方的消息，那個小偷已經(jīng)被抓住了。

You will be paid according to the amount of work you do.按勞計(jì)酬。

15.research n.[U] 調(diào)查；研究；(正式情況下常用researches)；vt.vi.調(diào)查；研究

[用法點(diǎn)睛] make/do/carry out research into/on sth.對某事進(jìn)行調(diào)查、研究 如：It’s a good idea to do some research before you buy a house.在買房前做一些研究是個好主意。

They are carrying out some research into the language of dolphins.他們在研究海豚的語言。

16.major adj.較大的；主要的；n.[C] 專業(yè)；vi.主修（某課程）

如：There are two major political parties in the US.在美國有兩個主要的政黨。

What’s your major? 你的專業(yè)是什么？

He majored in maths and physics at university.他在大學(xué)時(shí)主修數(shù)學(xué)和物理。17.view n.[C] 景色；風(fēng)景；視野；觀點(diǎn)；見解；vt.觀看；仔細(xì)看

[用法點(diǎn)睛]： view on/about對于某事的看法

with a view to(doing)sth.懷著某種目的；帶著某種打算或計(jì)劃 in one’s view在某人看來 in view of 鑒于；考慮到

如：We’d like a room with a view of the sea.我們想要一間海景房。We can enjoy great views from the top of the mountain.我們從山頂可以享受美妙的風(fēng)光。

You can have a better view of the city if you sit in the front of the bus.如果坐在公交的前部，你可以更好的欣賞這座城市。

The lake came into view as we turned the corner.當(dāng)我們拐過彎，那片湖就映入眼簾。What’s your view on the subject? 你對這個問題有什么看法？

In my view, the country needs a change.在我看來，這個國家需要改變。

In view of the weather, we decided to stay at home.因?yàn)樘鞖庠?，我們決定呆在家里。We bought the house with a view to retiring there.我們買下那座房子是想退休后住那兒。

奧風(fēng)英語網(wǎng)004km.cn

學(xué)海揚(yáng)帆，奧風(fēng)助航![同根詞]：① review vt.復(fù)習(xí)；溫習(xí)；n.[C] 復(fù)習(xí)；評論；

② preview vt.預(yù)習(xí)；試演；預(yù)展

18.participate vi.參加；參與

[用法點(diǎn)睛] participate為正式用語，通常與in搭配。

participate in 參與（活動、會議等）

如：Some members refused to participate.一些成員拒絕參與。

Everyone can participate in an election.每個人都能參與選舉。

19.skill n.[C U] 技能；技巧

[用法點(diǎn)睛] skill in/at（doing）sth.在（做）某事上的技術(shù)/技巧 如：He showed great skill in raising money for the company.他在為公司籌資方面顯示出了非凡的技巧。[同根詞]：

?skil(l)ful adj.有技巧的；嫻熟的

[用法指南] be skillful at(doing)sth.(做)某事很熟練 ? skilled adj.熟練的；有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；（工作）需要技能的 [用法指南] be skilled at(doing)sth.（做）某事有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的 [辨析]：skillful與skilled ① 表示“有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；熟練的”之意時(shí)，兩者可以互換。如：a skillful/skilled driver（熟練的司機(jī)）

② 表示“需要技能的、技術(shù)性的（工作）”時(shí)，只能用skilled。如：a skilled job（一項(xiàng)技術(shù)性的工作）

20.report vt.vi.報(bào)告；匯報(bào)；揭發(fā)；n.[C] 報(bào)告；匯報(bào)

[用法點(diǎn)睛] report(to sb.)on sth.（向某人）匯報(bào)某事

report sth./sb.to(the police)（向警察等機(jī)構(gòu)）報(bào)案；舉報(bào)某人

如：He gave a report on his sales trip to Korea.他就自己的韓國商務(wù)旅行做了一個報(bào)告。

People’s Daily sent her to Chongqing to report(on)the floods.《人民日報(bào)》派她去重慶報(bào)道洪水。

Police reported that the road was closed.警方報(bào)告說那條路被封了。

He reported the car crash to the police.他向警察報(bào)告車禍。

21.public n.(the ~)公眾；adj.公開的；公共的

如： The public is/are not allowed to enter the room.公眾不允許進(jìn)入那個房間。[短語]：in public 當(dāng)眾；公開地

如：Her husband was always nice to her in public.她丈夫在公共場合總是對她很好。[反] in private 私下地

如：He asked to see her in private.他要求和她私下見面。22.provide vt.提供；預(yù)防

[用法點(diǎn)睛] provide sth.for sb.為某人提供某物

provide sb.with sth為某人提供某物

provide against/for sth.預(yù)防某事；為某事做準(zhǔn)備

如：The hotel provides a shoe-cleaning service for guests.旅館為客戶提高擦鞋服務(wù)。

The company provided him with a car.公司為他配備了一輛車。

[高考例句] After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope provided.在填完并簽名后，請將表格用提供的信封寄回給我們。

The government has to provide against a possible oil shortage in the coming months.政府不得不為未來幾個月可能出現(xiàn)的石油短缺做準(zhǔn)備。

奧風(fēng)英語網(wǎng)004km.cn

學(xué)海揚(yáng)帆，奧風(fēng)助航![同根詞] provided conj.假如；在……情況下（=provided that=providing that）如：Provided/Providing(that)we get good weather, it will be a successful holiday.如果明天天氣好，它就會是一個成功的假期。

23.challenge

① n.[C] 挑戰(zhàn)

[用法點(diǎn)睛] the challenge of doing sth.做某事的挑戰(zhàn)

issue a challenge發(fā)出挑戰(zhàn)

face a challenge面臨挑戰(zhàn)；面對挑戰(zhàn) take on/accept a challenge接受挑戰(zhàn) meet /rise to a challenge迎接挑戰(zhàn)

a challenge to sb./sth.對某人/物來說是一個挑戰(zhàn)

如：She likes her job to be a challenge.她喜歡自己的工作充滿挑戰(zhàn)。

Reducing the gap between rich and poor is one of the main challenges facing the government.減少窮人和富人之間的差距是本屆政府面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)之一。

The company is ready to meet the challenges of the next few years.公司做好了迎接未來幾年挑戰(zhàn)的準(zhǔn)備。② vt.向某人挑戰(zhàn)

[用法點(diǎn)睛] challenge sb.to sth.向某人挑戰(zhàn)做某事

challenge sb.to do sth.向某人挑戰(zhàn)做某事；要求、激勵某人做某事

如：After lunch he challenged me to a game of tennis.午飯后他向我挑戰(zhàn)網(wǎng)球。

Every teacher ought to challenge kids to think about what’s happening around us.每個老師都應(yīng)該激勵學(xué)生思考我們身邊發(fā)生的事。

[高考例句] If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but to meet an even greater challenge.如果接受了這項(xiàng)工作，他將別無選擇只有迎接更大的挑戰(zhàn)。

24.manage vt.管理；經(jīng)營；vt.vi.設(shè)法做到；應(yīng)付

如：Managing a company is harder than you think.管理一家公司比你想像的要困難。

How do you manage to stay so slim?你是如何做到保持這么苗條的？ [高考例句]---Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr.Johnson? 約翰遜先生，我明天可以請一天假嗎？

---Of course.I can manage without you.當(dāng)然可以。你不在我也可以應(yīng)付。[辨析]：manage與try manage to do 設(shè)法做成了某事 try to do努力去做，結(jié)果未知

如：I finally managed to push the huge animal away.我最后終于將那個巨大的動物推開。

I tried to push the huge animal away, but I failed.我努力想將那個巨大的動物推開，但是失敗了。[同根詞] manager n.[C] 經(jīng)理；管理人

management n.[U] 經(jīng)營；管理；[集]管理部門；主管人員

25.relationship n.[C U] 關(guān)系；聯(lián)系

[用法點(diǎn)睛] relationship between A and B A與B之間的關(guān)系/聯(lián)系

relationship of A to/with B A與B之間的關(guān)系/聯(lián)系

如：I have quite a good relationship with my parents.我和父母關(guān)系很好。

There is a close relationship between industry and trade.工商業(yè)聯(lián)系密切。

He is studying the relationship of politics to media.他正在研究政治和媒體的關(guān)系。[同根詞] relation n.[U] 關(guān)系；聯(lián)系；[C]親戚

奧風(fēng)英語網(wǎng)004km.cn

學(xué)海揚(yáng)帆，奧風(fēng)助航![用法點(diǎn)睛]在表示人、團(tuán)體、國家之間的關(guān)系時(shí)常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Relations between the two countries have improved recently.近來這兩個國家的關(guān)系有所改善。

奧風(fēng)英語網(wǎng)004km.cn